Midterm Review Problems and Solutions

AP STATISTICS
MIDTERM REVIEW PROBLEMS
1. Which of the following are examples of quantitative data? A. The number of years each of your teachers has taught B. The length of time spent by the typical teenager watching television in a month C. The colors of the rainbow D. Your pulse rate E. Your religion 2. Which of the following are discrete and which are continuous? A. The weights of a sample of dieters from a weight-loss program (Cont) B. The SAT scores for students who have taken the test over the past 10 years. (Discrete) C. The AP Statistics exam scores for the almost 50,000 students who took the exam in 2002 (Discrete) D. The distance between any two points on the number line (Continuous) 3. Jenny is 510 tall and is worried about her height. The heights of girls in the school are approximately normally distributed with a mean of 55 and a standard deviation of 2.6. What is the percentile of Jennys height? A. 59 B. 65 C. 74 D. 92 E. 97 4. The mean and standard deviation of a normally distributed data set are 19 and 4, respectively. 19 is subtracted from every term in the data set and then the result is divided by 4. Which of the following best describes the resulting distribution? A. It has a mean of 0 and a standard deviation of 1. B. It has a mean of 0, and a standard deviation of 4, and its shape is normal. C. It has a mean of 1 and a standard deviation of 0. D. It has a mean of 0, a standard deviation of 1, and its shape is normal. E. It has a mean of 0, a standard deviation of 4, and its shape is unknown.
5. The 5-number summary for a univariate data set is {5, 18, 20, 40,75}. If you wanted to construct a modified box plot for the data set, what would be the maximum possible length of the right side whisker? A. 35 B. 33 C. 5 D. 55 E. 53 6. A set of 5000 scores on a college readiness exam are known to be approximately normally distributed with a mean of 72 and standard deviation of 6. To the nearest integer value, how many scores are there between 63 and 75? A. 0.6247 B. 4115 C. 3650 D. 3123 E. 3227 7. Given a set of ordered pairs (x,y) so that Sx=1.6, Sy=.75, r=.55. What is the slope of the least-square regression line for this data? A. 1.82 B. 1.17 C. 2.18 D. .26 E. .78 8. __X Y 23 19 15 18 26 22 24 20 22 27 29 25 32 32 40 38 41 35 46 45
2.35 .86 x . What The regression line for the bivariate data set given above is y is the residual for the point whose x-value is 29? A. 1.71 B. 1.71 C. 2.29 D. 5.15 E. 2.29
8. A study found a correlation of r = -0.58 between hours spent watching television and hours per week spent exercising. Which of the following statements is most accurate? A. About one-third of the variation in hours spent exercising can be explained by hours spent watching television. B. A person who watches less television will exercise more. C. For each hour spent watching television, the predicted decrease in hours spent exercising is 0.58 hours. D. There is a cause-and-effect relationship between hours spent watching television and a decline in hours spent exercising. E. 58% of the hours spent exercising can be explained by the number of hours watching television. 9. Given that P(A) = .6, P(B) = .3, P(B|A) = .5 A. P(A and B) = (.6)(.5) = .3 B. P(A or B) = .6 + .3 - .3 = .6 C. Are A and B independent? No P(B) is not P(B|A) 10. Consider a random variable X with x = 3, 2 = 0.25. Find A. A. 3+6x 3 + 6(3) = 21 B. 3+6x sqrt(62 * .25) = sqrt(9) = 3 11. Consider two discrete, independent, random variables X and Y with x = 1, x2 = 1, y = 5, y2 = 1.3 A. Find x+y 1 + 5 = 6 B. Find x+y SQRT(1 + 1.3) = 1.517 12. Random Variable X has the following distribution X 20 P(X=x) .2 A. B. C. D. E. 21 .3 22 .2 23 .1 24 .2
Find P( X < 22) =.2 + .3 + .2 = .7 Find P( X > 21) = .2 + .1 + .2 = .5 Find P( 21 < X < 24) = .3 + .2 + .1 = .6 Find P( X < 21 or X > 23) = .2 + .3 + .2 = .7 Find the mean and standard deviation of this distribution
13. The following represents some computer output that relates the number of Manatee death to the Number of powerboats registered in Florida. Predictor Constant Boats Coef -41.430 0.12486 StDev 7.412 0.01290 tratio -5.59 9.68 P .000 .000
A. Write the least-square regression line for predicting the number of manatee deaths from the number of powerboat registrations. # predicted manatee deaths = -41.30 + .12486(no. of boats) B. Interpret the slope of the line in the context of the problem. For each increase of 1 registered powerboat, the number of manatee deaths is predicted to increase by 0.12. 14. Toss 3 fair coins and let X be the count of heads among the three coins. Construct the probability distribution for this experiment. X = No. of heads in 3 tosses. Hint: try making a tree diagram. X 0 1 2 3 P 1/8 3/8 3/8 1/3
15. If P(A) = .5, P(B) = .3 and P(A or B) = .65, are events A and B independent? Are events A and B disjoint? Yes, P(A or B) = P(A) + P(B) P(A and B) .65 = .5 + .3 - P(A and B) P(A and B) .15 P(A)*P(B) = (.5)(.3) = .15
16. You flip a fair coin 1000 times. What is the probability of getting between 470 and 530 heads? X = no. of heads, X is binomial, n = 1000, p = .5 P(470 < X < 530) = binomcdf(1000, .5, 530) binomcdf(1000, .5, 469) = .946
17. A survey of the number of televisions per household found the following probability distribution: Televisions 0 1 2 3 4 Probability .03 .37 .46 .10 .04
What is the mean number of television sets per household? What is the standard deviation? E(X) = 1.75
18. A bag of marbles contains four red marbles and five blue marbles. A marble is drawn, its color is observed, and it is returned to the bag. A. What is the probability that the first red marble is drawn on trial 3?
X = Trial no. when you first picked red; X is geometric, p = 4/9 P(X = 3) = (5/9)2(4/9) = .137
B. What is the average number of marbles drawn until you pick a red marble? 1/p = 9/4 = 2.25
19. A study is conducted on which of two competing weight-loss programs is the most effective. Random samples of 50 people from each program are evaluated for losing and maintaining weight-loss over a 1 year period. The average number of pounds lost per person over the year is used as a basis for comparison. Is this an observational study or an experiment? observational
20. A binomial event has n = 60 trials. The probability of success on each trial is .4. Let X be the count of successes of the event during the 60 trials. What are x and x? mean = 60(.4) = 24 stand dev = sqrt(60*.4*.6) = 3.79

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AP STATISTICS

MIDTERM REVIEW PROBLEMS

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