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F R O M S O CI A L TO SALE

QUESTIONS TO ASK YOUR CUSTOMERS

HOW DOES SOCIAL MEDIA TR ANSL ATE INTO SALES?

A decade into the social revolution, its still the number one question for brands, executives and marketers. Yes, we know social is making an impact on consumer purchasingbut how big an impact? And how do customers make the journey from tweeting, pinning or liking an item, to actually purchasing it?
this report provides answers to those questions based on nearly 6,000 survey responses on social purchasing behavior. This data gives us the big picture of how three of the biggest social networks in the shopping world today Facebook, Pinterest and Twitter drive customers to make purchases on- and offline. But the data also shows us how many questions we still need to ask. The variations across social networks, consumer demographics and product categories speak volumes about the necessity of every company understanding the specific relationship between social and purchasing for its own customers. In this report, we not only share the answers we have found about social media and purchasing. We share the questions you still need to ask.

KEY FINDINGS

4 IN 10 SOCIAL MEDIA USERS

have purchased an item online or in-store after sharing or favoriting it on Twitter, Facebook or Pinterest.

SOCIAL MEDIA DRIVES ROUGHLY EQUAL AMOUNTS

of online and in-store purchasing.

68% OF FACEBOOK USERS

are lurkers who post only rarely, so the influence of social on their purchasing will not be visible from social media analytics alone.

HALF OF SOCIAL MEDIA-RELATED PURCHASING

takes place within 1 week of sharing or favoriting the ultimately-purchased item.

PINTEREST IS THE NETWORK MOST LIKELY TO DRIVE SPONTANEOUS PURCHASING

Twitter and Facebook purchasers are more likely to make social media-related purchases of products they were already researching or considering.

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MEET PAT T Y, A PINTEREST PURCHASER MEET FABIANA, A FACEBOOK PURCHASER

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SOCIAL MEDIA USAGE AND PURCHASING

PINTEREST FACEBOOK TWITTER

of the population uses Twitter % OF THE POPULATION

THAT USES THIS NETWORK

24 %

15 % 29 %

73 % 38 %

24 % 22 %

% OF USERS OF EACH NETWORK WHO HAVE PURCHASED SOMETHING

AFTER SHARING/FAVORITING ON THIS NETWORK

of Twitter users have purchased something after tweeting, retweeting, or favoriting it on Twitter

22%

How often, if ever, do you visit these social networks? / Asked April 2013 Have you ever purchased an item either in-store or online after you shared or favorited it? / Asked April 2013

HOW PINTEREST PUTS PEOPLE IN STORES

Vision Statement
How Pinterest Puts People in Stores
by David Sevitt and Alexandra Samuel

IDeA wAtcH

HBR.ORG
HBR.oRgFind more details about the research at http:// visioncritical.com/pinterest. David Sevitt is the vice president of consumer insights at Vision Critical. Alexandra Samuel is the firms vice president of social media and the author of Work Smarter with LinkedIn (Harvard Business Review Press, 2013).

We asked shoppers who had pinned items on Pinterest before buying them in stores these questions:

How did the item come to your attention?

When you pinned the item, were you already thinking of buying it?

Did pinning the item influence your decision to buy it?

How did pinterest affect your purchase decision?

How much time elapsed between when you pinned the item and when you bought it?

28% i fOunD it by SeaRCHing, On: Sally a sweater from Rickis

Of tHe 79% WHO SaiD yeS tO tHe pReviOuS queStiOn:

1O% Pinterest 9% Google 6% A retailers site 3% Other

21%

It provided additional information.

21%

Showroominga phenomenon whereby shoppers visit stores to examine merchandise in person before buying the items onlineis viewed as a huge threat to brick-and-mortar retailing. The problem is thought to be so bad that at least one merchant has started charging people to browse in its stores. Our research suggests that the threat is overrated. We asked nearly 3,000 social media users in North America and the UK about their shopping habits, and only 26% reported regularly engaging in showrooming. But 41% said they practice what we call reverse showroomingbrowsing online and then purchasing in stores. Pinterest is an especially popular driver of in-store sales: 21% of the Pinterest users we surveyed said that they bought an item in-store after pinning, repinning, or liking it, and 36% of users under 35 said they had done so. Instead of feeling threatened by showrooming, retailers should study their customers paths to purchase and use the insights gained to hone their online marketing efforts. We asked the Pinterest users described above how the web had figured into their purchases. We found a handful of typical paths, which are illustrated here.
Reprint number F1307Z 900Harvard Business ReviewJulyAugust 2013

ClaiRe a mirror from Winners

Its where I discovered the product.

49%
Yes

36%

Yes, a lot

9%

17%

Less than 24 hours

KaRen a Hunter Hayes CD

72% i fOunD it by bROWSing, On:

It reminded me that I intended to buy the item.

32%

16% 43% 51%

No

More than 24 hours but less than a week

24%

A strangers Pinterest board or stream

maRtHa Converse all Stars

Someone I trust or respect pinned the item.

Yes, a little bit

15%

19%

It showed me where I could buy the item.

39%

1 to 3 weeks

A friends Pinterest board or stream

10% It alerted me to a sale or a deal. 7% It provided a 6% Other 5% Not sure

ReSPONDeNTS SeLeCTeD ALL THAT APPLIeD

Dana tOmS shoes

7% A retailers Pinterest board 5% A retailers site 4% Another social network 4% A blog 4% An e-mail 5% Other tHe nOnSeeKeR

coupon.

21%
No

9%

4 to 8 weeks

11%

More than 8 weeks

tHe Deal SeeKeR

tHe CategORy SeeKeR

tHe inSpiRatiOn SeeKeR

tHe SOCial-pROOf SeeKeR

Sally uses websites and other digital tools to find good deals on clothes. An e-mail message containing a link to a different social site led her to pin a sweater, and she followed up with a shopping trip.

Claire wasnt looking for a mirror, but she found one she loved on a blog and pinned it. When Pinterest later alerted her to an in-store sale, she knew she had to have the mirrorso she bought it that week.

Karen likes music and uses Pinterest search to scout for it. Her pinboard serves as a shopping list: Seeing an album there reminds her to pick it up the next time shes in a music store.

Martha found a pair of Converse All Stars by seeking inspiration on strangers pinboards. She wasnt actively managing her wish list so much as casually browsing for ideas.

When Dana was looking for TOMS shoes, she pinned a pair to let her friends know shes a fan. She uses Pinterest simply to save items and signal her interests to her circle; it doesnt influence her shopping.
JulyAugust 2013Harvard Business Review901

Social media not only drives people to make online purchases; it also drives an equal volume of in-store sales. In the July/August 2013 issue of the Harvard Business Review, we put Pinterest under the microscope to show how it puts people in stores. Data from the US, Canada and the UK demonstrates that for all the worry about how showrooming benefits online retailers at the expense of bricks-and-mortar, there is an even bigger phenomenon of reverse showrooming: customers who browse online, and buy offline. The Harvard study paints a picture of Pinterests impact on in-store shopping that at times stands in sharp contrast to the overall impact of social media on onlline and in-store shopping combined. june 2013, social path to purchase study : 1,006 respondents in the USA april 2013, social to store study: 2,864 respondents in the USA, Canada, and UK april 2013, social media usage study: 86,155 respondents in USA, Canada, and UK march 2013, pinterest follow up study: 501 respondents in the USA february 2013, pinterest study: 779 respondents in the USA march 2012, pinterest study: 507 respondents in the USA february 2012, social media usage study: 62,121 respondents in the USA and Canada

ABOUT THE DATA

The data in this report is drawn from online surveys conducted over 17 months (February 2012 to June 2013). In total, 5,657 interviews specifically about social media purchasing were completed across three countries using Vision Criticals Market Panels in the USA (Springboard US), Canada (Angus Reid Forum), and the UK (Springboard UK).

Note: Throughout this document, SHARED and FAVORITED is shorthand for:

pinned/repinned/liked it on Pinterest shared/liked/commented on it on Facebook tweeted/retweeted or favorited it on Twitter

MEET TOM, A T WIT TER PURCHASER 3

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WHICH SOCIAL NET WORKS DO YOUR CUSTOMERS USE, AND HOW MUCH?

If you want to use social media to reach your customers, you need to know where to find them online. Social media isnt one thing: its a sprawling empire made up of many different neighborhoods, each of which attracts its own subset of your customers.

THE SOCIAL MEDIA AUDIENCE: AGE AND GENDER

PINTEREST

FACEBOOK

TWITTER

83 % FEMALE 17 % MALE 57 % FEMALE 43 % MALE 46 % FEMALE 54 % MALE

USERS 18-34

32 % 45 % 23
%

20 % 45 % 35 %

33 % 43 % 24 %
of Twitter users are between 35-54 years old.

USERS 35-54

43%

USERS 55+

Which of the following social media sites, if any, do you use? / Asked February 2013

its crucial that you know which customer segments hang out in which neighborhood that is, on which social network, or even in which groups or conversations within each network. To make effective use of social media as a marketing channel, you have to know where your customers are and which customer segments are on each network. This is table stakes.

As this report shows, social media usage varies so dramatically across different product categories and different demographics that you will really need to study your own customers usage patterns in order to set your social strategy. But there are certain overarching patterns that give us a foundational picture of who can be found where, and more crucially, which dimensions of usage you will need to understand for your own customer base.

FEM ALE, 55+ FEM ALE, 35-54 M ALE, 18-34

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SOCIAL NET WORK USAGE

PINTEREST

FACEBOOK

TWITTER

LOG IN DAILY

17 %

75 %
15 %
6%

17 %
12 %
10 %
log in at least once a month, but less than once a week.

LOG IN WEEKLY

26 %
19 %

LOG IN MONTHLY

10%

On average, how often do you visit or log into one of these sites or services, either in your web browser or by using an app? Asked April 2013

75% OF SOCIAL MEDIA USERS 18-34 LOG INTO FACEBOOK

SEVER AL TIMES A DAY

61% OF UK SOCIAL MEDIA USERS NEVER VISIT PINTEREST

USES PINTEREST SEVER AL TIMES A WEEK

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VARIATIONS BY NET WORK

VARIATIONS BY AGE

15 IN 20 FACEBOOK USERS
visit every day

4 I N 20 TWITTER USERS
age 18-34 access Twitter at least once a day

5 IN 20 PINTEREST USERS
visit every day
On average, how often do you visit or use these sites? Asked April 2013

1 I N 20 TWITTER USERS
age 55+ accesses Twitter at least once a day
On average, how often do you visit or use these sites? Asked February 2013

VARIATIONS BY GENDER

VARIATIONS BY USAGE

1 IN 20 MEN
uses Pinterest

14 IN 20 TWITTER USERS
are lurkers who tweet less than 5 times a week

5 IN 20 WOMEN
use Pinterest
On average, how often do you visit or use these sites? Asked February 2013

10 I N 20 TWITTER LURKERS
log in 3 times a week or more
On average, how much do you tweet? / Asked March 2012 How often do you access Twitter (either directly or through a third party application)? / Asked March 2012

VISITS BOTH FACEBOOK AND PINTEREST SEVER AL TIMES A DAY

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In addition to the social media users who share prospective purchases as part of their active social media presence, most brands have a large invisible audience. On Facebook, a majority of lurkers access or log into the site every day, but post only rarely: 64% of Facebook lurkers post less than once a week. That means social media analytics cant tell you a lot about their interests,

preferences or even their demographics, let alone the influence of social on their in-store purchasing. To understand how social media drives both online and in-store purchasing for both sharers and lurkers, you need to ask your customers about the role of social media in their purchase story.

MEET THE LURKERS

MEET THE 65% OF FACEBOOK USERS WHO POST LESS THAN 5 TIMES PER WEEK
LOG-IN FREQUENCY

55 %

LOG IN AT LEAST

ONCE A DAY

32 %
POSTING FREQUENCY

LOG IN AT LEAST

ONCE A WEEK

10 % O N C E A M O N T H
LOG IN AT LEAST

POST 1-4 TIMES A WEEK

POST LESS THAN ONCE A WEEK, BUT MORE THAN 10 TIMES IN THE PAST YEAR

HAVE POSTED TO FACEBOOK, BUT LESS THAN 10 TIMES IN THE PAST YEAR

37 %

38 %

26 %

How often do you access your Facebook account? On average, how often do you post, like or share an update, video, photo or comment on Facebook? / Asked February 2012

ASK YOUR CUSTOMERS

Which social websites do they visit or belong to? Which networks do they log onto regularly? How often? Which networks and sites do they post to, and how often? What is their age, gender, household income and education level? Match this basic demographic data with other data you have on your customer base.

USE CUSTOMER INSIGHTS TO

identify which networks will be most effective in reaching any given demographic, whether its millennials or seniors. balance your social media updates so that you have some content or offers that appeal to lurkers, and some that appeal to sharers. weigh the implications of your social media analytics against the preferences of your broader social media audience, including those who hardly post and therefore may not turn up in your analytics report. develop an influencer strategy that lets you specifically target and engage highly active social media users.

ACTION ITEM
Ensure your social strategy has some content or offers that appeal to lurkers, and some that appeal to sharers.

T WEETS DAILY AND VISITS FACEBOOK SEVER ALS TIMES A WEEK 7

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WHAT DO YOUR CUSTOMERS WANT FROM EACH OF YOUR SOCIAL NET WORK PRESENCES?
2

Different topics resonate on different networks but dont assume you fall neatly in your sector. You need to ask your customers what they like to do on each network, and especially how and where they want to engage with you.

TOP CATEGORIES OF ACTIVIT Y BY NET WORK

PINTEREST

FACEBOOK

TWITTER

66 % 51 %

63 % 45 %

59 % 33 %

44 % 31 %

36 % 29 %

36 % 19 % 51 % 42
%

46 % 34 %

44% 30 %

COOKING & DINING

DIY & CRAFTS

FASHION & BEAUTY

HEALTH INFO

TECH

FUNNY & HUMAN INTEREST

Which topics or activities do you follow using the following social media sites? / Asked February 2013

social media users engage with different topics on different social networks. People turn to Pinterest for DIY, crafts, food and drink, and fashion and beauty; they look to Facebook for humor and human interest stories. Arts and entertainment are a consistent draw across all of Pinterest, Facebook and Twitter.

CONTENT: To attract and engage your customers on a

specific social network, you need to present content that speaks to the hottest topics on that network, in the media that thrive there.

CULTURE: The topics or areas of activity that thrive on

each network are inextricable from its culture: the kind of people who get excited about DIY projects constitute a different culture and community from those who are thrilled by LOLcats. Understanding the tone and social norms of each network is essential to engaging your customers interest, rather than turning them off.

USE THE 3 CS: MATCH YOUR PRESENCE TO EACH PLATFORM

If you understand the content, culture and product categories that make up your customers experience on each social platform, you can target your marketing and sales strategy to maximize your customers engagement wherever they find you.

CATEGORY: If you sell across multiple product or service

categories, you have the potential to calibrate your presence on each social network to the interests that your customers pursue there.

FOLLOWS FASHION AND PRODUCT RELEASES ON BOTH FACEBOOK AND PINTEREST

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HOW TO CALIBR ATE YOUR PRESENCE ON EACH SOCIAL NET WORK

CONTENT
speak to the hottest topics

YOUR BR AND PRESENCE

match the communitys tone

CULTURE

CATEGORY
sell in relevant categories

ASK YOUR CUSTOMERS

What kinds of photos, music, video or stories do your customers find engaging on each platform? Are they looking for informational content in one platform, and aesthetic inspiration in another? How do your customers see the character of each network they use, and what do they like (or dislike) about the experience they have there? Which product and service categories do your customers like to shop from, browse or hear about on each network they use?

USE CUSTOMER INSIGHTS TO

focus your presence on each network around the segment of your customers or the categories of your products that are most at home there. identify which products or offers to promote on each platform. assign staff members who are most likely to be brilliant at managing each of your presences for example, assigning the office foodie to manage your Pinterest presence, and tasking the Buzzfeed addict with the job of maintaining your Facebook page. develop platform-specific branding guidelines so that your brand voice can be subtly calibrated to the culture of each network and the expectations of the customers who use it. build a content calendar that ensures you regularly develop assets of the type and theme that will appeal to the customer audience on each network where you have a presence.

ACTION ITEM
Create network-specific branding guidelines that address the content, culture and product categories your presence will support.

FOLLOWS CR AFTS ON BOTH FACEBOOK AND PINTEREST, BUT HUMOR ON FACEBOOK ONLY

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HOW M ANY OF YOUR CUSTOMERS HAVE BOUGHT ONE OF YOUR PRODUCTS AFTER SHARING OR FAVORITING IT?
3

Getting the basics on your customers social purchasing behavior is what allows you to analyze all the other variables in driving that purchase. Once you know which of your customers have gone from social to purchase, where they made that purchase, and which network triggered it, you can start to understand how they went from social to sale.

SOCIAL PURCHASING BY NET WORK

% 21 IN-STORE
TOTAL

On each platform, some purchasers have made both online and offline purchases.

% 30 IN-STORE
TOTAL

% 17 IN-STORE
TOTAL

29 %
PINTEREST

ONLINE
FACEBOOK

22 %

ONLINE

18 %

38 %

% 29 ONLINE

22 %
TWITTER

Have you ever purchased an item either in-store or online after you shared or favorited it? / Asked April 2013

hard data on social media-inspired purchasing is the foundation of your entire social media marketing strategy. Only a portion of the social media audience 43% of users has gone from social to sale, so you need to think about both how to reach that slice of your social audience, and how to turn more of your social audience into buyers. Which networks actually drive people to buy your products or services? And are they buying those products online or in-store?

FACEBOOK IS THE NETWORK MOST LIKELY TO DRIVE CUSTOMERS TOWARDS A PURCHASE

Nearly 1 in 3 Facebook users has purchased something after sharing, liking or commenting on it on Facebook.

ONLINE AND OFFLINE ONLINE AND OFFLINE ONLINE ONLY

10

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T WITTER PURCHASERS BY INCOME

TOP RETAIL LOCATIONS FOR SOCIAL-TO -STORE PURCHASES

TWITTER PURCHASERS
PINTEREST PURCHASERS FACEBOOK PURCHASERS TWITTER PURCHASERS

IN-STORE

ONLINE

48 %
11 %

$50K+

39 % 32 % 27 %
2%

14 % 12 % 15 %
DEPARTMENT
STORE

DEPARTMENT
STORE

SUPERMARKET

18 %
9%

SUPERMARKET
SPECIALITY RETAILER

31 % DEPARTMENT STORE
4%
SUPERMARKET

$25K -< $50K < $25 K

NO ANSWER

21 %

SPECIALITY RETAILER

34 %
7%

26

$
DISCOUNT RETAILER

43 %

$
DISCOUNT RETAILER

10 %

SPECIALITY RETAILER

31 %

$
DISCOUNT RETAILER

Have you ever purchased an item either in-store or online after you tweeted / retweeted / or favorited it on Twitter? Asked June 2013

Which type of website or retail store did you buy this from? Asked April and June 2013

ASK YOUR CUSTOMERS

Have they ever purchased something they have seen or shared on a social network? (Ask this question of each network you participate in or advertise on.) Have they ever purchased one of your products or services after seeing it on a social network? Which one? Have they ever shared or posted about one of your products? Did they go on to purchase that product?

USE CUSTOMER INSIGHTS TO

validate or qualify the picture youre getting from social analytics and transactional data, particularly when it comes to drawing the dotted line between online social interaction and offline in-store sales. balance or develop separate strategies for using social to drive online vs. in-store purchasing. identify tracking mechanisms like coupon codes that can help you quantify the role of social in driving in-store sales. allocate your social media budget towards those networks that drive the greatest volume of sales, or when warranted, that are under-performing (if you think greater investment can improve the results).

ACTION ITEM
Develop a strategy for using social to drive in-store purchasing.

SUPER M ARKET

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11

WHAT ARE THE SPECIFIC PURCHASES THAT ARE TRIGGERED BY SOCIAL MEDIA?
4

If youre interested in how social moves product, youre fascinated by how social moves your product. To understand the impact of social on your business, you need to understand the social path to sale in your key product categories.

MAJOR CATEGORIES OF SOCIAL-TO -SALE PURCHASING

PINTEREST FACEBOOK TWITTER

FOOD & DRINK

24 % 21 % 18 % 17 % 6% 14 %

14 % 5% 8% 22 % 25 % 26 %

13 % 9% 8% 18 % 34 % 18 %

ART & DESIGN, DIY, CRAFT, PHOTOGRAPHY

GARDENING & DCOR

HAIR & BEAUTY, MENS & WOMENS APPAREL

TECH & ELECTRONICS

OTHER

To the best of your recollection, in which product category was the last item you purchased after you shared or favorited it? Asked April and June 2013

TECHNOLOGY IS KING
34% of Twitter purchasers and 25% of Facebook purchasers say their most recent social-inspired purchase was in technology or electronics.

the best way to understand how social media drives revenue for your business is to combine social media and transactional data with customer surveys that illuminate the social path to purchase for your products. The wide variation in purchasing behavior and shopper demographics across categories shows the necessity of understanding the role of social in driving the purchase of specific products.

PINS IN FOOD & DRINK, AND DIY/CR AFTS

12

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CATEGORY MATTERS

OF PINTEREST PURCHASERS
say they happened upon the item they pinned and purchased, without searching for it. That number goes up to 64% for food and drink purchasers. That number goes down to 17% for technology purchasers .

47%

OF PINTEREST PURCHASERS
say they were searching for the item they pinned and purchased, or for an item like it. That number goes up to 47% for hair and beauty purchasers. That number goes down to 17% for food and drink purchasers.

28%

OF FACEBOOK PURCHASERS
made their most recent Facebook-inspired purchase in the fashion and beauty category. That number goes up to 33% for purchasers age 35-54. That number goes down to 13% for purchasers age 18-34.

22%

ASK YOUR CUSTOMERS

What was the last product they purchased after seeing or sharing it on social? What was the last product of yours that they purchased? Which network did they find or share it on? What category was this product in? How much does social media influence the lurkers in your social media audience? How many of your customers have purchased products they have seen on social media, even if they didnt share or favorite those items? Thinking about the social media-influenced purchases they have made recently, which were the top three categories they purchased in? Which of your competitors products have your customers purchased after seeing or sharing them on a social network? Which network? How often? (Provide a list of your competitors, and get the answer for each one.)

USE CUSTOMER INSIGHTS TO

showcase products that are most likely to generate customer interest on a particular platform. curate pages, pinboards or feeds that correspond to different areas of consumer interest. allocate resources to the platforms that are most effective for your product categories.

ACTION ITEM
Combine social media and transactional data with customer surveys that illuminate the social path to purchase for your products.

GARDENING ELECTRONICS 13

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FROM SOCIAL TO SALE: PURCHASES INSPIRED BY PINTEREST FACEBOOK & T WIT TER

AN OVER-THE-DOOR ORGANIZER BAG OF MOSS TO USE AS A VERTICAL PLANTER SNACKS

Chicken Pot Pie GLOW CANON 24-70 MM 2.8 LENS STICKS FOR A A S C I E N C E F I C T I O N N O V E L pair of PROJECT EBOOK RE A DER Gorgeous shoes from Town Shoes
INGREDIENTS FOR REESES PEANUT BUTTER TRIFLE

COMPUTER SPEAKERS GARDEN TOOLS SOLAR STRING LIGHTS

CRAFT SUPPLIES TO MASON JARS RUNNING SHOES MAKE A GNOME DOUBLE LAVENDER ANGEL FOOD GARDEN HOUSE TRUMPET PLANT A COOKIE SHEET
CAMPBELLS A CD Samsung Galaxy tablet COOKING BOOK RALPH LAUREN TOTE BAG CELL PHONE SAUCE SHOES SONS OF ANARCHY T-SHIRT COVER
A HOODIE

Kraft cracker MOTORCYCLE HELMET barrel aged cheese GAME OF THRONES BOARD GAME

HEINEKEN BEER A SHIRT FROM FOREVER 21

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FROM SOCIAL TO SALE: PURCHASES INSPIRED BY PINTEREST FACEBOOK & T WIT TER

FLOWERS

THE LOVE YOU A LATTE CARTRIDGE FROM CRICUT SHOES

FOOD Ingredients for Homemade Danish Pastries

OPI NAIL ENV Y

A Chair VIDEO GAME

Dog Sweater MAKE UP BICYCLE GEAR

Coffee Maker RADIO Shoes Hanes Pocket Tees

A BIG LETTER H FOR MY LAST NAME, FLOWERS, PAINT & RIBBON

Buttons Off An Etsy Designer A HUMMINGBIRD FEEDER

Larry the Cable Guy Dinners CRUISE FOOD A Hat A FLOOR TO CEILING LAMP
Recycled Post It Notes
AN ORGANIC GARDENING BOOK

CLOTHING REDKEN 28 CONTROL HAIRSPR AY BLOUSE

TREADMILL 12 GRILL PAN Nap Mat

DIET MEDS
Earrings
Jewelry

Make Up Organizer

EMATIC KIDS FUNTAB

LINDT CHOCOLATES

SUPPLIES TO MAKE WALL ART PROJECT

COMFORTER SET

To the best of your recollection, what specifically was the last item you purchased after you shared or favorited it? Asked March, May and June 2013

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15

DOES PURCHASING LEAD TO SHARING, OR DOES SHARING LEAD TO PURCHASING?

5

When it comes to the role of social in driving sales, it can be hard to separate cause and effect. Do people find and share products theyve already more-or-less committed to buying? Or do people stumble across products theyd never seek out, or had only vaguely contemplated, and share them as a step towards making a purchase decision?

PURCHASE INTENT
PINTEREST PURCHASERS FACEBOOK PURCHASERS TWITTER PURCHASERS

I THOUGHT ABOUT PURCHASING THIS PRODUCT AND WAS RESEARCHING THE PURCHASE

YES,

22 % 49 % 29 %

24 %

21 %

I WAS VAGUELY THINKING ABOUT PURCHASING THIS PRODUCT

YES,

60 %

70 %

I HAD NOT THOUGHT ABOUT PURCHASING THIS PRODUCT

NO,

16 %

9%

When you shared or favorite this item, were you already thinking of purchasing it? / Asked April and June 2013

the causal relationship between sharing and purchasing depends on the individual customer and the individual purchase. In some instances, social sharing is only a weak indication of intent; in other cases, social sharing leads directly to the cash register. To understand this variation, we asked social purchasers whether they were already thinking of buying the ultimately-purchased item at the time they shared or favorited it. It was through this question that we discovered three distinct tribes of social shoppers, each of whom uses social at a different stage in the purchase process. (See A closer look: The three tribes of social shopping, pp 18-19).

Purchase intent is intimately linked to purchase discovery. Not surprisingly, spontaneous purchasing correlates with spontaneous discovery: 41% of people who found the item they purchased because they just happened upon it said that they hadnt even thought about buying it or something like it. Conversely, 88% of people who found the item they purchased by searching for it were already thinking about buying it or something like it. Its hard to get surprised by a find when youre actively looking for it.

ACTIVELY RESEARCHING THIS SPECIFIC PRODUCT

16

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HOW SOCIAL PURCHASES ARE FIRST DISCOVERED

SOMEBODY SHOWED IT TO ME WHILE WE WERE TALKING

8%

CANT RECALL

9% 9%
I GOT AN EMAIL LINKING TO IT

50 %

OF PINTEREST PURCHASERS
CREATED A PINBOARD SPECIFICALLY FOR THIS PURCHASE DECISION

I JUST HAPPENED UPON IT

47 %

28 %
I WAS SEARCHING FOR IT ONLINE

To best of your recollection, how did you first come across this item online? / Asked April 2013 Did you create a pinboard for this specific product category or purchase decision? / Asked April 2013

ASK YOUR CUSTOMERS

When a customer shares an item of yours en route to making a purchase, is that part of an active research process? Or is it a spontaneous discovery? Which products and product categories are most likely to inspire spontaneous, new purchases? On which networks? Do people purchase your product when theyve been thinking about the general category youre in, or only when theyve been thinking specifically about your product? Where do people mostly discover the items they share or interact with on social?

USE CUSTOMER INSIGHTS TO.

target likely purchasers by learning to recognize questers by their networks, product categories and behaviors. inspire new customers to make spontaneous purchases by reverse engineering the path to purchase of your leaper customers, so you know the social network and category that are most likely to attract them. distinguish between decided and undecided customers by identifying the social sharing pattern that characterizes people who are evaluating multiple products, as opposed to those who are on the edge of commitment. target people who show a degree of focused interest, particularly if youre in a category with a high unit value (like cars). For example, target people who have pinned a whole bunch of Volvo models to a single Pinterest board.

ACTION ITEM
Focus social outreach on customers whose sharing indicates they are actively researching high-value or recurring purchases in your category.

SAW THE RECIPE ON A FRIENDS PINTEREST BOARD

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A CLOSER LOOK: THE THREE TRIBES OF SOCIAL SHOPPING

Social purchasers arent like other people, or even like other social media users. As the trailblazers of this new world social way: demographics, in their values and even in the way they w h o of ar e t h eshopping, s e w e i r dthey s o care i a l distinctive p u r c h a s ein r severy " Vs g e n in p otheir p ( F B + Tshop. w pu r c h a s e r s o n l y ) They are also distinct from one another: social purchasers fall into three discrete tribes. To understand these tribes, however, it helps to understand what makes social purchasers different from other social media users.

WHO ARE THE SOCIAL PURCHASERS?

GENERAL POPULATION SOCIAL PURCHASERS

31 %

18-34 35-54

49 % 51 %

MALE FEMALE

51 % 34 %

37 % 32 %

56 % 44 %

MALE FEMALE

55+

15 %

Have you ever purchased an item either in-store or online after you shared or favorited it? / Asked June 2013

SOCIAL PURCHASERS ARE... MORE ACTIVE FACEBOOK USERS: MORE USE OF MOBILE DEVICES WHILE SHOPPING:

87% OF FACEBOOK PURCHASERS VISIT THE SITE AT LEAST ONCE A DAY

or more often vs. 70% of social media users

27% COMPARISON SHOP ON THEIR MOBILE DEVICES WHILE IN STORES

vs. 15% of social media users

MORE VISIBLE FACEBOOK USERS:

68% SAY THEIR FACEBOOK POSTS GENERATE LOTS OF LIKES AND COMMENTS
vs. 54% of social media users

MORE VALUE CONSCIOUS WHILE SHOPPING:

50% WILL TRY OUT PRODUCTS IN-STORE BUT WILL PURCHASE IN COMPETITIVE STORES IF ITS CHEAPER
vs. 35% of social media users

MORE INFLUENTIAL ON THEIR FRIENDS BUYING DECISIONS:

75% OF FACEBOOK PURCHASERS SAY THEYRE ASKED FOR ADVICE ON THEIR FRIENDS BUYING DECISIONS
vs. 51% of social media users

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MEET THE THREE TRIBES

SHARE

THINKERS

QUESTERS

LEAPERS

thinkers use social when they are contemplating about a purchase, but have not actively begun the research process. 48% of Pinterest purchasers, 60% of Facebook purchasers, and 70% of Twitter purchasers say that when they shared or favorited the item they later purchased, I already thought about purchasing this specific product, or I had not thought about purchasing this specific product but I had thought about purchasing another similar product.

questers research their purchase, and share or favorite specific items they are thinking about buying. 22% of Pinterest purchasers, 24% of Facebook purchasers and 21% of Twitter purchasers say that when they shared or favorited the item they later purchased, I already thought about purchasing this specific product and was researching the purchase.

leapers are inspired by social to make a purchase when they were not even thinking about the product or product category that they purchased. 29% of Pinterest purchasers, 16% of Facebook purchasers and 9% of Twitter purchasers say that when they shared or favorited the item they later purchased, I had not thought about purchasing this specific product or a similar product.

When you shared or favorited this item, were you already thinking of purchasing it? / Asked June 2013

you can find each of these tribes on all three of the major social networks. In fact, shoppers may move between tribes, researching some purchases carefully and making spontaneous buys on others. And while this research focuses on pre-purchase sharing, social media

is also home to a fourth tribe: the victors who celebrate successful purchases by sharing news or images of their spoils. Zoom in on a single social network, as we did in our Pinterest study for the Harvard Business Review, and you discern even more granular archetypes.

THE LEAPER: PATT Y

Patty is retired, and shes on Facebook several times a day, and Pinterest several times a week. She made her latest Pinterest-inspired purchase at the supermarket: ingredients for homemade Danish pastries. It wasnt something shed thought about baking, but when she spotted the recipe on a friends Pinterest board, that recommendation was all the encouragement she needed, and she made her purchase within 24 hours.

THE THINKER: FABIANA

Fabiana, who is in her late 40s, uses both Facebook and Pinterest to get the latest news and ideas on gardening and crafts. She was already thinking about adding a bird feeder to her garden when she stumbled across a hummingbird feeder on Pinterest, and she bought it within a few weeks.

THE QUESTER: TOM

Toms a young man with a significant income, and he likes to spend that money on quality products. He uses Twitter as part of his shopping process, making some of his online purchases directly from his Android phone. When he tweeted about the ebook reader, he was already actively researching the product, and he made his purchase within a few weeks.

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HOW DOES SOCIAL NUDGE YOUR CUSTOMER FROM INTEREST TO PURCHASE?

6

How customers feel about different social networks is a good clue to where your brand will be at home on social media. Each network drives purchasing for a different set of reasons, so youll need to find the network that works not only for your products, but also for your promotions.

SOCIAL NET WORK CHAR ACTERISTICS AS DESCRIBED BY USERS

PINTEREST USERS
ITS EASY TO FIND THINGS
that interest me

FACEBOOK USERS

TWITTER USERS

42 % 41 %

75 %

I MAKE MORE PURCHASES

thanks to this site

24 % 11 % 16 % 28 % 13 % 20 % 59 % 41 % 42 % 32 % 38 % 52 %

ITS INSPIRING TO SEE

what other people post/pin

35 %

43 %

64 %

I MAKE SMARTER PURCHASES

thanks to this site

IT MAKES ME FEEL CONNECTED

to my friends

35 % 31 %

63 %

I LIKE SEEING WHAT MY

friends post

69 %

ITS USEFUL FOR IDEAS

and projects

24 % 21 % 41 %

80 %

I LIKE SEEING WHAT MY

my favorite brands post

I GET OVERWHELMED
by amount

25 % 25 %

ITS EASY TO SPEND HOURS

clicking away

26 %

34 %

How much do you agree or disagree with the following statements about Pinterest, Facebook or Twitter? Asked March 2013

the first step to moving your customers towards purchase through social media is to understand what your customers do and dont like about each social platform they use. But this isnt enough to predict purchase drivers: it is also essential to ask customers directly about how their use of each social network influences their purchase decisions.

BET ON FACEBOOK
If youre in a highly peer-influenced category, or if personal recommendations are a major business driver, Facebooks social focus may be a great fit.

PINTEREST M AKES IT EASY TO FIND THINGS THAT INTEREST ME. LOVES FACEBOOK, BUT ISNT SURE IT HELPS HER M AKE SM ARTER PURCHASES

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HOW SOCIAL INFLUENCES PURCHASING

PURCHASERS DESCRIBE HOW SOCIAL MEDIA INFLUENCED THEIR PURCHASE
PINTEREST PURCHASERS FACEBOOK PURCHASERS TWITTER PURCHASERS

THIS 43% OF PINTEREST USERS GOT THE FOLLOWING TYPES OF ADDITIONAL INFORMATION

REVIEWS & RECOMMENDATIONS

34 %
30 %
$

PROVIDED ADDITIONAL INFORMATION ON PRODUCT

25 % 26 % 43 % 28 % 15 % 38 %

HOW I DISCOVERED PRODUCT

35 % 31 % 35 %

PRODUCT DETAILS

DIFFERENT MODELS WHERE TO PURCHASE PRICING INFORMATION ABOUT THE COMPANY (3%)

11 % 10 % 7%

IDENTIFIED WHERE I COULD PURCHASE

REMINDED ME TO PURCHASE

26 % 23 % 32 % 19 %

SOMEONE I TRUST SHARED THEIR VIEWS

26 % 19 % 32 % 14 % 17 % 18 %

50% OFF

ALERTED ME TO A SALE OR DEAL

37 % 32 %

$
PROVIDED A COUPON CODE

How did pinning this item influence your decision to buy this product? / Asked March and April 2013 What type of additional information did you obtain about this product? / Asked April 2013

ASK YOUR CUSTOMERS

How does Facebook (or Twitter, or Pinterest, or another network) help them find or evaluate products and services? (Consider offering a set of statements that your customers can agree or disagree with.) What kind of information helps move your customers towards a purchase? Where do customers want to see deals and coupon codes? How much of your in-store and online sales are driven by sale notifications? How big a role do reviews and recommendations play in driving customers from social networks to purchase? Do tips from friends carry more weight than reviews from experts or other customers?

USE CUSTOMER INSIGHTS TO

introduce products on the right social networks by correlating answers like Its how I discovered this product with the product or product category that yielded the most of these discoveries. select product information to include in your social network updates, and to embed in pages that contain pinnable images (since these are the pages people will land on if they follow a link from Pinterest). decide which sales and deals to offer on which networks. refine the kind of content you post to a specific network in order to improve its efficacy as a purchase driver.

I SEE NEW PRODUCTS PEOPLE RECOMMEND THAT I NOR M ALLY WOULD NOT KNOW ABOUT.

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HOW DOES MOBILE SHOPPING MOVE YOUR CUSTOMERS FROM SHARING TO PURCHASE?

Mobile shopping functions quite differently in relation to in-store shopping than it does in relation to online shopping. Online shoppers may use mobile to make a quick purchase; in-store shoppers can use mobile to engage more thoughtfully, typically in comparison shopping, before they commit.

DEMOGR APHICS OF THE MOBILE SOCIAL SHOPPER

8%

69 % M A L E 31 % F E M A L E

55+

68 %

18-34

24 %

35-54

Were any of these social media-inspired purchases ever made via mobile device (i.e., smartphone, tablet, etc.)? / Asked June 2013

SOCIAL PURCHASING VIA MOBILE

PINTEREST USERS

FACEBOOK USERS

TWITTER USERS

YES, YES,

ALL OF THEM

19 %
12 %

17 % 11 %

35 %
22 % 24 % 19 %

MOST OF THEM

YES, NO,

31 %

29 %

SOME OF THEM

NONE OF THEM

38 %

43 %

of people who have made an online purchase after tweeting, retweeting or favoriting an item on Twitter say that they used a mobile device to make all of those purchases.

35%

Were any of these social media-inspired purchases ever made via mobile device (i.e., smartphone, tablet, etc.)? / Asked June 2013

SOMETIMES COMPARISON SHOPS IN -STORE USING MOBILE NO FACEBOOK PURCHASES VIA MOBILE

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mobile purchasing is already a big part of the social shopping story. The majority of social shoppers on all three networks reported that at least some of their online social purchases were made with a mobile device; the majority of Twitter purchasers reported that most or all of their purchases were made via mobile. (Not a huge surprise, when you look at the age and tech orientation of Twitter purchasers.) But mobile is just as crucial to in-store social purchases. You need to know how much your customers are using their mobile phones as part of their shopping experience. While your website analytics can tell you how many customers and purchasers access your site via mobile device, they cant tell you how many people are standing in your aisles with a mobile phone, reading product reviews or checking prices.

MOBILE RESEARCH IS ANOTHER TOOL FOR UNDERSTANDING SOCIAL MEDIA CUSTOMERS

Prompt customers to take a survey on their smartphones while in-store.

ASK YOUR CUSTOMERS

Do they use their mobile phones when they are in your store? What do they use them for: Price checking? Checking in? Picking up a coupon offer or discount code? Looking up product reviews or information? Do they use their mobile phones to access your website? What do they use it for: Making a purchase? Researching a purchase? Browsing? Finding a retail store or hours? Have they ever shared content about your brand, product or stores using a mobile phone? What did they share? Did they share it by email, or to a social network? Which apps, if any, do they use when shopping with mobile? Do you they do their shopping in a browser or in a dedicated app?

USE CUSTOMER INSIGHTS TO

decide how much to invest in mobile development, and whether to spend on a responsive site (i.e. one that works well across devices) or on a dedicated mobile app. develop appropriate offers for mobile customers, both those in-store (who may be engaged by things like Yelp check-in deals) and those shopping online. calibrate how aggressively to compete on price, in order to manage in-store mobile price-checkers. streamline parts of your purchase process, so that mobile shoppers can move quickly from interest to purchase. enhance your in-store displays to engage mobile shoppers, for example with QR codes.

ACTION ITEM
Use short, mobile-friendly surveys to send questions about mobile social shopping to your customers while they are in your store.

SOME T WIT TER PURCHASES M ADE VIA MOBILE 23

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HOW LONG DOES IT TAKE CUSTOMERS TO GO FROM SHARING TO SHOPPING?

To use social sharing as a driver of sales and insight, you need to know about the sharing-to-purchase timeline for your own customers. For most social purchasing, a week is a long time, and a month is an eternity.

TIME EL APSED BET WEEN SHARING AND PURCHASE

PINTEREST

FACEBOOK

TWITTER

BETWEEN 1-3 WEEKS

38 %

29 % 29 % 29 %

33 %

MORE THAN 24 HOURS, LESS THAN 1 WEEK

WITHIN 24 HOURS

36 %
10 %

30 % 20 %

Approximately how much time elapsed between when you shared or favorite this item and when you purchased it? Asked April and June 2013

ideally, you will ask questions about your customers spending cycle over time, and correlate this data with other information you have about your customers demographics, interests and buying habits. If you are undertaking longitudinal research with the same group of customers, you have even more options for gathering this kind of data. For example, you could ask those customers to tell you the three most recent items they have shared from your online store or product line-up, and follow up quarterly to ask which of these items (if any) they have subsequently purchased.

1 week after sharing, roughly

HALF

of social media-inspired purchases have already been made 3 weeks after sharing, more than

80%
80% of social media-inspired purchases have been made

PURCHASED 24 HOURS TO 1 WEEK AFTER PINNING

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MAKE THEM LEAP

WHEN IT COMES TO INSPIRING UNPL ANNED PURCHASING, PINTEREST IS THE MOST SUCCESSFUL NET WORK.
Yet Pinterest users are the least likely to buy in the first 24 hours. What does it take to inspire leapers, and convert social exposure to spontaneous purchasing? The relative strengths of each network suggest key opportunities.

FINDING

OPPORTUNIT Y

Product information drives purchasing from Pinterest . Few people say that Facebook helped them figure out where to make their purchase. Pinterest users are the least likely to say they made a purchase after discovering a sale or deal.

Share product information along with sale alerts on Facebook and Twitter. Promote retail locations and where to buy information in Facebook updates. Embed sale, discount and coupon offers in pinned/ pinnable images.

ASK YOUR CUSTOMERS

How does the time from sharing to purchase vary across social platforms? Do people who share an item on Facebook move to purchase as quickly as people who share on Pinterest? Do customers move from sharing to online purchase more quickly or more slowly than from sharing to in-store purchase? Which customer groups move quickest from sharing to purchase?

USE CUSTOMER INSIGHTS TO

fine-tune your remarketing campaigns by showing customers ads for items they have shared during the window when they are most likely to purchase. target your social media outreach to the customers who are most likely to make a purchase, during the window when they are most likely to act. offer discounts and incentives with appropriate time limits so that customers are motivated to buy while they are in their optimal purchase window. identify the length of time you have to adjust advertising buys and store displays in response to a spike in social media engagement with a specific product. plan follow-up emails and social media messages that are timed to refresh interest from customers who have shared on social, and move them to purchase. understand the lifespan of your customers interest and the length of your sales cycle.

ACTION ITEM
Target your social media outreach to the window when sharers are most likely to purchase.

PURCHASED 1 -3 WEEKS AFTER FACEBOOKING PURCHASED 1 -3 WEEKS AFTER T WEETING 25

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CONCLUSION
This report has demonstrated the role of social media in driving a substantial volume of purchasing both in-store and online. Comparing the latest data with research from 2012 shows how quickly this phenomenon has emerged, suggesting that it is only going to grow in importance.
brands as diverse as cricut, canon and campbells have already begun to reap the benefits of social shopping: their products were among the many purchases that were reported in the course of this research. While our research shows the overall patterns that shape these purchase journeys, social sales drivers vary as much as the products themselves. That is why todays companies need to understand how social media drives purchasing among their customers, and of their products. Ask your customers the questions raised in this report, and you will find your own path from social to sale.

SOCIAL PURCHASING ON THE RISE

PINTEREST PURCHASERS 2012 2013

?
HOW TO ASK YOUR CUSTOMERS ABOUT SOCIAL PURCHASING
Vision Critical has prepared its own deployment-ready survey, with questions you can use in your next round of customer research. Contact us to receive your copy. [email protected]

1 5
IN

2 5
IN

Have you ever purchased an item either in-store or online after you pinned / repinned / liked it on Pinterest? Asked March 2012 and March 2013

ASK YOUR CUSTOMERS

To the best of your recollection, in which product category was the last item you purchased after you tweeted / retweeted / favorited it on Twitter? IN WHICH CATEGORIES DO YOU TEN D TO LIKE / COMMENT / SHARE
ON FACEBOOK? Approximately how much time elapsed between when you shared / liked / commented on

this item and when you purchased it? WHICH T YPE OF WEBSITE OR RETAIL STORE DID YOU BUY THIS
FROM? ON AVERAGE, HOW OFTEN DO YOU VISIT OR USE THESE SOCIAL MEDIA SITES? HAVE YOU EVER PU RCHASED AN ITEM EITH ER IN -STORE OR ON LIN E AFTER YOU SAW IT ON FACEBOOK? DID SEEING THIS ITEM ON

FACEBOOK INFLUENCE YOUR DECISION TO BU Y THIS PRODUC T ONLINE? WHEN YOU SAW THIS ITEM ON T WIT TER, WERE
YOU ALREADY THIN KING OF PU RCHASING IT IN -STORE? Were any of these purchases ever made via

mobile device (i.e. smartphone, tablet, etc.)? IN WHICH CATEGORIES DO YOU TEND TO PIN ON PINTEREST?

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ABOUT THE AUTHORS

ALEXANDRA SAMUEL
Vice-President of Social Media, Vision Critical
@ AWSAMUEL Alexandra Samuel is Vice-President for Social Media at Vision Critical, leading the companys social media business and marketing strategy. Her 20 years of online community experience include leading a 3-year research program on digital government for Don Tapscott, investigating online social capital for Robert Putnams Bowling Alone, and founding one of the worlds first social media agencies. She has written for the Wall Street Journal, the Harvard Business Review blog, TheAtlantic.com, and Oprah.com, and is the author of the Harvard Business Review Press ebook series, Work Smarter with Social Media. Alexandra holds a Ph.D. in Political Science from Harvard University.

DAVID SEVITT
Vice-President of Consumer Insights, Vision Critical
@ DSEVITT David Sevitt is a Vice-President in the Consumer Insights practice at Vision Critical, and for over a decade has provided strategic guidance to clients in the Retail, CPG and Technology sectors. David has extensive experience designing customized and creative research programs that help businesses make more inspired and more profitable decisions. David has an undergraduate degree in Commerce from McGill University and a Masters degree in Journalism from Carleton University.

TRIBE: LEAPER

Latest social purchase: Concert tickets to hear jazz pianist Fred Hersch, tweeted.

TRIBE: QUESTER

Latest social purchase: Jeffrey Campbell Piranha shoes, via Pinterest.

CHERYL LOH
Graphic Designer
@ LOHCHERYL Cheryl Loh is a recent graduate of the Communication Design program at Emily Carr University. She is the recipient of the Jim Rimmer Scholarship for Design (2011) and the GDC National/Ray Hrynkow Scholarship (2012). Her work has appeared in documentaries, Applied Arts Magazine, and The Vancouver Sun.

LENA LAM
Senior Research Manager, Vision Critical
@ LENALAM Lena Lam is a Senior Research Manager in the Consumer Insights practice at Vision Critical. Her experience includes a diverse range of qualitative and quantitative research methodologies and data analysis techniques, as well as extensive experience in research programs that guide strategic business decisions. Lena has a Bachelor of Commerce in Marketing Management and a Master of Science in Marketing and Consumer Studies from the University of Guelph.

TRIBE: QUESTER

Latest social purchase: Movie tickets for the Sign Painters, tweeted.

TRIBE: THINKER

ABOUT VISION CRITICAL

Vision Critical is the worlds leading provider of insight communities, supporting more than 650 brands worldwide. Our software and services give organizations crucial insights from communities of their audiences, customers and stakeholders helping them make better decisions more quickly than ever before. Learn more about us at www.visioncritical.com

Latest social purchase: Ethical Ocean sweatshop-free tee, liked and commented on Facebook.

released june 25, 2013 | visioncritical.com/social2sale

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27

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200 Granville Street, Mezzanine Floor, Vancouver, BC V6C 1S4 [email protected] | @visioncritical

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