w w w e tr .

X m ap eP

CAMBRIDGE INTERNATIONAL EXAMINATIONS General Certificate of Education Ordinary Level

s er om .c

PAKISTAN STUDIES
Paper 2

2059/02
May/June 2003 1 hour 30 minutes

Additional Materials:

Answer Booklet/Paper

READ THESE INSTRUCTIONS FIRST If you have been given an Answer Booklet, follow the instructions on the front cover of the Booklet. Write your Centre number, candidate number and name on all the work you hand in. Write in dark blue or black pen on both sides of the paper. Do not use staples, paper clips, highlighters, glue or correction fluid. Answer any three questions. At the end of the examination, fasten all your work securely together. The number of marks is given in brackets [ ] at the end of each question or part question. Sketch maps and diagrams may be drawn whenever they serve to illustrate an answer. The Insert contains Photographs A, B and C for Question 2.

This document consists of 9 printed pages, 3 blank pages and an Insert.

UNIVERSITY of CAMBRIDGE
Local Examinations Syndicate

[Turn over

2 The Environment of Pakistan

Fig. 1 shows the average January temperatures for Pakistan.

C 10 C

10 10C C

15 15C

15 C C

key
international boundary provincial boundary rivers 10 C January isotherm area with average January temperatures below 10 C area with average January temperatures above 15 C

km 200

Arabian Sea

Fig. 1

2059/02/M/J/03

3 (a) (i) Describe the distribution of the area with an average January temperature below 10 C. [3] (ii) Explain fully the distribution of the area with an average January temperature below 10 C. [4] (iii) Why do some areas experience long periods with temperatures below 0 C? (b) [3]

(i) Describe the distribution of the area with an average January temperature above 15 C. [2] (ii) Explain fully the distribution of the area with an average January temperature above 15 C. [3]

(c) Some areas with average winter temperatures above 10C are able to grow rabi crops. (i) Name two important rabi crops. [2]

(ii) For one of the crops you have named in (c)(i), name an area important for growing it and describe the natural conditions that favour its growth there. [5] (iii) Why is it important to Pakistan that crops can be grown in winter? [3]

Photographs A, B and C (Insert) show the natural vegetation of three areas of Pakistan. (a) For Photograph A, (i) name the main type of natural vegetation shown, (ii) describe the natural vegetation, [1] [4]

(iii) explain why there is little or no natural vegetation in area X in the background of photograph A. [2] (b) For Photograph B, (i) name the type of natural vegetation shown, (ii) describe the natural vegetation. (c) For Photograph C, (i) name the type of natural vegetation shown and describe it, (ii) state how this type of natural vegetation is used by the local people, [4] [2] [1] [4]

(iii) explain how this type of natural vegetation is helpful to the fishing industry of the area. [2] (d) (i) How has deforestation been avoided in the areas shown on Photographs A and B? [1]

(ii) Deforestation may cause a variety of problems. Describe the ways by which such problems may be solved. [4]

2059/02/M/J/03

[Turn over

4 3 (a) Fig. 2 is a plan of Quaid-e-Azam Industrial Estate in Lahore.

to Central Lahore to Rawalpindi, Karachi Peco Road

to Central Lahore, Rawalpindi, Peshawar

workshops

(i) Describe the features and lay-out of this industrial estate.

(ii) Using only Fig. 2, what communication links are available to factories on this industrial estate? [2]

township residential area

large factories Green Town Road large factories 0

The Pakistan Engineering Company factory

Kot Lakhpat siding

Main Industrial Road 0.5

workshops workshops

small factories key road railway industries green belt or park

large factories

1 km

to Multan, Karachi

Fig. 2 [4]

2059/02/M/J/03

5 (b) Fig. 3 shows the main types of industry on the Quaid-e-Azam Industrial Estate. number of factories/workshops 35 30 25 20 15 10 5 plastics paper rubber/foam auto parts carpets cosmetics farm equipment knitwear/garments marble foods/beverages dyeing and printing pharmaceuticals engineering packaging chemicals shoes 0 number of factories/workshops 35 30 25 20 15 10 5 0

Quaid-e-Azam Industrial Estate, Lahore

types of industry Fig. 3 (i) Name the three types of industry with the most factories. (ii) To which type of industry shown on Fig. 3 does each of the following belong: l ll lll Yummy icecream, Nyle tyres, Caravel refrigerators? [3] [1]

(iii) What are the advantages for the industries on the Quaid-e-Azam Industrial Estate of being situated in a major city like Lahore? [5] (c) How have the national and provincial governments of Pakistan encouraged the development of industrial estates? [5] (d) With the help of an example, explain the importance of cottage (household) industries to village life in Pakistan. [5]

2059/02/M/J/03

[Turn over

6 4 (a) The map, Fig. 4, opposite, shows Pakistans main trading partners. On your answer paper, (i) name country A and name an important import Pakistan receives from it, (ii) name country B and name an important import Pakistan receives from it, (iii) name country C and name an important import Pakistan receives from it, [2] [2] [2]

(iv) name the major export sent to Hong Kong, in China, and describe the sea route used as shown on Fig. 4. [4] (b) Read the following summary of an article in the Business section of The News of 27th September 2000.

Government to Facilitate the Export of Engineering Goods. A high-level meeting, led by the minister for commerce, industries and production in Islamabad, decided to set a target of 25% per year for the export growth rate of engineering goods. This will enable exports of these goods to reach $1 billion by 2005. The minister told the meeting that the government would provide an enabling environment to the engineering goods industry. The meeting analysed the potential of the industry. Several key products were identified, including fans, refrigerators, freezers, washing machines, auto parts, gears and fasteners as well as the traditional surgical and cutlery goods. Special focus would be given to help small enterprises, especially the fan industry of Gujrat and Gujranwala. Concern was expressed, however, that smuggling is proving a problem for the further growth of the television assembling industry because it results in a loss of income for the industry. The meeting also discussed other problems faced by the industry.

(i) Name the small scale industry referred to in the article as a special target for expansion of exports and state where it is found. [1] (ii) The article states that the government would provide an enabling environment to the engineering goods industry. How does the government already help such industries to export more easily? [6] (iii) What, according to the article, is a problem for the further growth of the television assembling industry? Explain why this is a problem. [3] (c) Why is the government keen to increase the export of engineering goods? [5]

2059/02/M/J/03

Pakistan B Hong Kong

Karachi C

key international boundary trading partner of Pakistan sea route

Fig. 4

2059/02/M/J/03

[Turn over

8 5 (a) Study Fig. 5.

A key international boundary provincial boundary rivers main road city

E 0 km 200 Arabian Sea

Fig. 5 On your answer paper name (i) province A, (ii) the main road B, (iii) country C, (iv) river D, (v) city E. [1] [1] [1] [1] [1]

2059/02/M/J/03

9 (b) Study Fig. 6 which shows population densities in Sindh.

key international boundary provincial boundary rivers population density per km2 Karachi over 400 201-400 101-200 51-100 11-50

0 Arabian Sea

km

200

Fig. 6 (i) Describe the pattern of population densities in Sindh. (ii) Excluding Karachi, explain the pattern of population densities in Sindh. [5] [9]

(c) Many people have moved from the rural areas to large cities such as Karachi. Explain the pull of large cities. [6]

2059/02/M/J/03

10 BLANK PAGE

2059/02/M/J/03

11 BLANK PAGE

2059/02/M/J/03

12 BLANK PAGE

2059/2 June 2003 Copyright Acknowledgements: Question 1. Question 2. The New Oxford Atlas for Pakistan. Reproduced by permission of Oxford University Press, Pakistan. Photographs by R. Strutt.

Cambridge International Examinations has made every effort to trace the copyright holders, but if we have inadvertently overlooked any we will be pleased to make the necessary arrangements at the first opportunity.
2059/02/M/J/03