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    Chapter 2 - First Language Acquisition PDF

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    HyoTaek Lim
    This document summarizes theories of first language acquisition, including behaviorist, nativist, functional, and social interactionist approaches. Behaviorists like Skinner believed that language learning was based on reinforcement and conditioning, while nativists like Chomsky argued that children are born with an innate language acquisition device. Functional theories viewed language as emerging from social interactions and meaning. Issues discussed include the relationship between competence and performance, the roles of nature vs nurture, imitation, input, and how social discourse aids in language development.

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    Chapter 2 - First Language Acquisition PDF

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    HyoTaek Lim
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    This document summarizes theories of first language acquisition, including behaviorist, nativist, functional, and social interactionist approaches. Behaviorists like Skinner believed that language learning was based on reinforcement and conditioning, while nativists like Chomsky argued that children are born with an innate language acquisition device. Functional theories viewed language as emerging from social interactions and meaning. Issues discussed include the relationship between competence and performance, the roles of nature vs nurture, imitation, input, and how social discourse aids in language development.

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    This document summarizes theories of first language acquisition, including behaviorist, nativist, functional, and social interactionist approaches. Behaviorists like Skinner believed that language learning was based on reinforcement and conditioning, while nativists like Chomsky argued that children are born with an innate language acquisition device. Functional theories viewed language as emerging from social interactions and meaning. Issues discussed include the relationship between competence and performance, the roles of nature vs nurture, imitation, input, and how social discourse aids in language development.

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    Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
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    35 views1 page

    Chapter 2 - First Language Acquisition PDF

    Uploaded by

    HyoTaek Lim
    This document summarizes theories of first language acquisition, including behaviorist, nativist, functional, and social interactionist approaches. Behaviorists like Skinner believed that language learning was based on reinforcement and conditioning, while nativists like Chomsky argued that children are born with an innate language acquisition device. Functional theories viewed language as emerging from social interactions and meaning. Issues discussed include the relationship between competence and performance, the roles of nature vs nurture, imitation, input, and how social discourse aids in language development.

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    Chapter 2 :

    Fi rst Language
    Acqui si ti on
    Theori es of Fi rst
    Language Acqui si ti on
    Behavioristic
    Approaches
    B.F.Skinner
    Operant Conditioning
    response without stimuli
    reinforcement conditioning
    whenconsequences are rewarding, behavior
    is maintainedandis increasedinstrengthand
    frequency
    couldnotprove
    howpeople
    make sentences
    or utterances
    novel
    attractedNoamChoamsky's critics
    "tabula rasa" :
    a cleanslate
    bearingno
    preconceived
    notions about
    the worldor
    about
    language
    MediationTheory
    Charles Osgood
    "representational mediationprocess,"
    a process actingwithinthe learner,
    invisibly
    Unsolved Critics
    the abstract nature of language
    the relationship between meaning and utterance
    rational/cognitive
    theory
    masqueradingas
    behavioristic
    The Nativist
    Approach
    Emergence of this approach
    Child's language, at any givenpoint,
    is a legitimate systeminits ownright
    Innateness Hypothesis
    Eric Lenneberg
    "biologically determined"
    NoamChomsky
    Language AcquisitionDevice (LAD)
    McNeil :
    Aspects of meaning, abstractness, andcreativity
    Universal Grammar
    expandedthe LAD notioninto a systemof universal linguistic rules
    Parallel DistributedProcessing(PDP)
    connectionism
    Functional
    Approaches
    Emergence of this approach
    The Nativist approachdealt
    specifically withthe forms of
    language andnot withthe deeper
    functional levels of meaning
    constructedfromsocial interaction
    Cognitionand
    Language
    Development
    Lois Bloom
    Criticismof pivot grammar
    J eanPiaget
    children's interactionwiththeir
    environment
    developingperceptual
    cognitive capacities
    linguistic experience
    GleitmanandWanner
    "Learners are biasedto mapeach
    semantic idea onthe linguistic unit
    world"
    DanSlobin
    semantic learningdepends on
    cognitive development
    sequences of development
    are determinedmore by
    semantic complexity than
    by structural complexity
    Social interactionand
    language development
    Holzman
    "a reciprocal behavioral system
    operates betweenthe infant-childand
    the competent[adult] language user in
    a socializing-teaching-nurturingrole"
    The functionof language indiscourse
    returningto the language
    performance system, which have
    beenset aside by the cognitivists in
    order to emphasize the language
    competence
    " telegraphic" utterances -
    combination of two or three
    words
    Issues i n First Language
    Acqui si ti on
    Competence and
    Performance
    NoamChomsky
    emphasizingthe competence, because
    performance variables are infinite andnot
    reflective of the underlyingcompetence
    BrownandBellugi
    "Popgo weasel"
    judgingcompetence is
    also difficult proved
    that performance is as
    important as competence
    FirthandHalliday
    performance andcompetence
    dualisms are unnecessary, we
    shouldstudy language inuse then.
    Tarone "heterogeneous competence"
    abilities that are inthe
    process of beingformed
    Comprehension
    andProduction
    Comprehensionhas the general
    superiority over production
    "knowingmore thanproducing"
    Gathercole
    some researchsupportedthat
    superiority of productionover
    comprehension
    4 dimensions
    comprehensioncompetence,
    productioncompetence,
    comprehensionperformance,
    productioncompetence
    Nature or Nurture
    Nature : innateness(language genes)
    Nurture : environment(by teaching,
    learnedandinternalized)
    Derek Bickerton
    people are innately programmedto
    "release" certainproperties at certain
    development ages. "bio-programmed"
    Universals
    principles andparameters
    structure dependency
    ex) phrases(nownphrase, verbphrase)
    Systematicity andVariability
    Language andThought
    Piaget
    cognitive development occurs when
    childrenare at certainage
    Vygotsky
    social interactionis a prerequisite to
    cognitive development
    Zone of Proximal Development(ZPD)
    Sapir-Whorf Hypothesis
    Imitation
    surface imitation
    phonological imitationwithout
    semantic meaning
    deep-structure imitation
    meaningful semantic level imitation
    blockingchildrens surface(or
    structural) imitation
    after the surface imitationdiminished,
    childrenbeganto attendto the "truth
    value" of the utterance
    Practice
    frequency of meaningful occurence
    may well be a more precise
    refinement of the notionof frequency
    Input
    adult andpeer input to the childis far
    more important thannativist earlier
    believed
    Discourse
    Berko-Gleason
    "it is nowclear that, inorder for
    successful first language acquisitionto
    take place, "interaction," rather than
    "exposure," is required"
    Sinclair andCouthard
    "conversations are examinedinterms
    of "initiations" and"responses""
    childrenlearnthat utterances have
    botha literal andanintendedor
    functional meaning
    Chapter 2 . First Language Acquisition.mmap - 2009-09-01 - Mindjet

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