Ethernet Cable Crimping

Ethernet Cable - Color Coding Diagram
The information listed here is to assist Network Administrators in the color coding of
Ethernet cables. Please be aware that modifying Ethernet cables improperly may cause
loss of network connectivity. Use this information at your own risk, and insure all
connectors and cables are modified in accordance with standards.
T-568A Straight-Through Ethernet Cable
The TIA/EIA 568-A standard which was ratified in 1995, was replaced by the TIA/EIA
568-B standard in 2002 and has been updated since. Both standards define the T-568A
and T-568B pin-outs for using Unshielded Twisted Pair cable and RJ-45 connectors for
Ethernet connectivity. The standards and pin-out specification appear to be related and
interchangeable, but are not the same and should not be used interchangeably.
T-568B Straight-Through Ethernet Cable
Both the T-568A and the T-568B standard Straight-Through cables are used most often
as patch cords for your Ethernet connections. If you require a cable to connect two
Ethernet devices directly together without a hub or when you connect two hubs together,
you will need to use a Crossover cable instead.
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RJ-45 Crossover Ethernet Cable
A good way of remembering how to wire a Crossover Ethernet cable is to wire one end
using the T-568A standard and the other end using the T-568B standard. Another way of
remembering the color coding is to simply switch the Green set of wires in place with the
Orange set of wires. Specifically, switch the solid Green (G) with the solid Orange, and
switch the green/white with the orange/white.
Ethernet Cable Instructions:
1. Pull the cable off the reel to the desired length and cut. If you are pulling cables
through holes, its easier to attach the RJ-45 plugs after the cable is pulled. The
total length of wire segments between a PC and a hub or between two PC's
cannot exceed 100 Meters (328 feet) for 100BASE-TX and 300 Meters for
10BASE-T.
2. Start on one end and strip the cable jacket off (about 1") using a stripper or a
knife. Be extra careful not to nick the wires, otherwise you will need to start over.
3. Spread, untwist the pairs, and arrange the wires in the order of the desired cable
end. Flatten the end between your thumb and forefinger. Trim the ends of the
wires so they are even with one another, leaving only 1/2" in wire length. If it is
longer than 1/2" it will be out-of-spec and susceptible to crosstalk. Flatten and
insure there are no spaces between wires.
4. Hold the RJ-45 plug with the clip facing down or away from you. Push the wires
firmly into the plug. Inspect each wire is flat even at the front of the plug. Check
the order of the wires. Double check again. Check that the jacket is fitted right
against the stop of the plug. Carefully hold the wire and firmly crimp the RJ-45
with the crimper.
5. Check the color orientation, check that the crimped connection is not about to
come apart, and check to see if the wires are flat against the front of the plug. If
even one of these are incorrect, you will have to start over. Test the Ethernet
cable.
Ethernet Cable Tips:
• A straight-thru cable has identical ends.

• A crossover cable has different ends.
• A straight-thru is used as a patch cord in Ethernet connections.
• A crossover is used to connect two Ethernet devices without a hub or for
connecting two hubs.
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• A crossover has one end with the Orange set of wires switched with the Green
set.
• Odd numbered pins are always striped, even numbered pins are always solid
colored.
• Looking at the RJ-45 with the clip facing away from you, Brown is always on the
right, and pin 1 is on the left.
• No more than 1/2" of the Ethernet cable should be untwisted otherwise it will be
susceptible to crosstalk.
• Do not deform, do not bend, do not stretch, do not staple, do not run parallel
with power cables, and do not run Ethernet cables near noise inducing
components.
Basic Theory:
By looking at a T-568A UTP Ethernet straight-thru cable and an Ethernet crossover cable
with a T-568B end, we see that the TX (transmitter) pins are connected to the
corresponding RX (receiver) pins, plus to plus and minus to minus. You can also see that
both the blue and brown wire pairs on pins 4, 5, 7, and 8 are not used in either standard.
What you may not realize is that, these same pins 4, 5, 7, and 8 are not used or required
in 100BASE-TX as well. So why bother using these wires, well for one thing its simply
easier to make a connection with all the wires grouped together. Otherwise you'll be
spending time trying to fit those tiny little wires into each of the corresponding holes in
the RJ-45 connector.
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Ethernet Cable - Color Coding Diagram

T-568A Straight-Through Ethernet Cable

T-568B Straight-Through Ethernet Cable

Ethernet Cable Instructions:

Ethernet Cable Tips:

• A straight-thru cable has identical ends.

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