UNI VERSI TY OF THE PUNJ AB

The following syllabi and Courses of Reading for M.A. Part I and Part II (New
Scheme) Examination in Political Science of 1986-92 and onward is hereby notified:

APPENDIX A

(Outlines of Tests)
Marks
Paper I : Western Political Thought: 100
Paper II : Muslim Political Thought and Institutions: 100
Paper III : Comparative and Developmental Politics: 100
Paper IV : International Relations: 100
Paper V : Ideology and Dynamics of Politics in Pakistan: _100_
Grand Total: _500_

APPENDIX B

(Syllabi and Courses of Reading)

Paper I: Western Political Thought:

This course is designed to provide a grounding in evolution of Western Political
Thought from Greek to the modern period, with a focus on the political thought of most
representative thinkers of major political movements.

1. Nature of Greek Political Thought: Socrates, Plato Aristotle.

2. Conflict between Church & State; The Conciliary theory of Church
Government.

3. Political thought of Machiavelli, Bodin, Hobbes, Locke and Rousseau,
Montesqieu Hume, Burke.

4. Utilitarians: Bentham, J .S. Mill.

5. Kant, Hegel and T.H. Green

6. Rise of Democratic Socialism.

7. Communism: Karl Marx: Development of Communism after Marx, Lenin,
Stalin, Mao-Tse-Tung.

8. Faccism and National Socialism.

Recommended Books:

1. Georg H. Saleive &
Thomas L. Thorson
A History of Political Theory, Driden Press Hinsdale,
Ichinois, 1973.
2
2. William Ebenstein Modern Political Thought: The Great Issues, New
York, Holt, Rinchart and Winston, 1960.

3. William Ebenstein Political Thought in Perspective, New York, McGraw-
Hill, 1957.

4. Harold Laski Political Thought in England from to Bentham;
London 1920.

5. Herrie H. Grec Chinese Thought from Confucius to Mao-Tse-Tung;
Chicago University of Chicago Press, 1953. (Relevant
Chapters).

6. Earnest Barker Political thought of Plato and Aristotle New York,
1962.

7. William A. Dunning History of Political Theories: New York, Macmillan,
1957.

8. J udd Harmon Political thought from Plato to the Present: New York
McGraw-Hill, 1964.

9. Otto Gierke Political Theories of the Middle Ages: Cambridge
University Press, 1913(also available in a recent paper
back edition).


Paper I I : Muslim Political Thought and I nstitutions:

The major purpose of this course is to acquaint the students with the major
political concepts of Islam, the structural functional aspect of Islamic Polity, the
writings of some prominent muslim thinkers and with the prospect relating to the
application of Islamic principles to modern times.

1. Political Concepts of Islam:

(a) Islamic Concept of State; Nature of Islamic Polity-Sphere of
Islamic State-Islam and Theocracy-Democratic Ideals of
Islamic Polity.

(b) Concept of Sovereignty and its implication.

(c) Islamic Law-its sources-place of Ijtihad in Islamic Law-Constitutional
law-Personal Law. Muslim International Law-Sources and
Characteristics.

(d) Concept of Millat and position of religious minorities in Islamic State.

(e) Concept of Liberty and Fundamental Human Rights in Islam.

(f) Principles of Social and economic justice in Islam A comparative view
with reference to modern secular ideologies.

3
2. Traditional Institutions and their Organization and Procedural form in a
Modern Environment:

Note: These aspects are to be discussed with reference to different view points
regarding Islamic Provisions expressed at different stages of constitution-
making in Pakistan.

(a) Khilafat Theory and Practice, Principles underlying the institution.
Grounds of Political obligations Form of Government in Modern Islamic
State.
(b) As Shura its significance views regarding its god in form; organizational
and procedural.
(c) Al-Qaza-J udiciary as the guardian of fundamental rights. J udical Review to
judge the validity of laws in the light of Quran and Sunna.

3. Thinkers:
(a) Al-Fauabi (b) Al-Mawardi (c) Al-Ghazzali
(d) Ibn Khaldum (e) Shah Waliullah (f) Iqbal
Recommended Books:
1. Allama M. Iqbal, Reconstruction of Religious Thought in Islam.
2. Khurshid Ahmad (ed.) Islamic Law and Constitution.
3. Dr. M. Hameed Ullah, Muslim Conduct of State.
4. Ameer Ali, Spirit of Islam.
5. Muhammad Asad, The Principles of State and Government in Islam.
6. T.W. Arnold, The Caliphate.
7. Rosenthaul, Political Thought in Medieval Islam.
8. T.W. Arnold, The Preachings of Islam.
9. P.U. Lahore, Interntional Islamic Colloquium (1957-58).
10. Hussaini, Arab Administration.
11. Ibn Khaldun, The Muqqadimah, trans. by Rosenthal, vol. I.
12. Hussaini, S.A.Q. The Constitution of the Arab Empire.
13. Sherwani, H.K., Studies in Early Muslim Political Thought and Admin.
14. Hasan, Perveen Feroze, the Political Philosophy of Iqbal.
15. Maulana syed Abul Ala Maudoodi,
16. Muhammad Hameed Ullah,
17. Aleem Ullah Siddiqui,
18. Hami-ul-Ansari, Ghazi,
19. Rashid Ahmad ,
20. Hamid Ullah
4

Paper I I I : Comparative and Developmental Politics:

The purpose of the course is to acquaint the student with the major concepts and
themes/problems of Comparative Politics. It is also intended to make them aware of the nature
and problems of political development.

PART I :

1. Approaches to comparative Politics.

(a) Traditional approach: its characteristics & critique.
(b) Behavioural approach and its characteristics.

2. The political system-basic concepts, characteristics, functions with reference to the
work of David Easton and Almond and Coleman; and its critique.

3. Political Culture: its meaning, elements, Kind and its relevance/importance to the
study of political system.

PART I I : Political Development:

1. Political Development.

(a) Meanings;
(b) Characteristics and
(c) Indicators of political development/modernization,

2. Socio-political Change:

(a) Major theories and their functional implications.

3. Leadership:

(a) Political leadership, nature and problems-political parties.
(b) Bureaucratic and Military leadership.

4. Major issues and problems of political development.

(a) National identity and integration.
(b) Legitimacy and participation.
(c) State-building.
(d) Anomic political activity and violence.

Required Readings:

Almond G.A. and Powell G.B.


Comparative Politics; a development approach, Little, Brown and Co., Boston, 1966.
Almond, G.A. and Verba, S.

5
The Civic Culture; political attitudes and democracy in Five Nations, Princeton
University Press, New J ersey, 1963.

Apter, D.E.

The Politics of Modernization, Chicago University Press, 1965.

Shils, E.A.

Political Development in the New States. Mouton and Co., The Hague, 1960.
Colin Leys.

Politics and Change in Developing Countries, Cambridge University Press, 1969.
Samuel P. Huntington.

Political order in Changing Societies, New Haven and London, Yale University Press
1968.

Leonard Binder and others.

Crisis and sequences in Political Development, Princeton University Press, 1971.

Masud Ahmad Khan
+ - W W +

Muhammad Sarwar
O W C - + ` L L ) C

Moate Palmer and William Thompson
The Comparative analysis of Politics.
Robert E, Gamer.
The Developing Nationsa comparative perspective.
Macridis, Roy C.
Comparative Politics 4
th
Ed. The Dorsey press, 1972.
M.S. Baqai.
Social Order in Pakistan Society.
Alasadir F. MacBean and V.R. Balarubramanyom.
Meeting the third world challenge.
Wiseman, H.V.
Political System-some sociological approaches.
Mehden, Von Der.
Politics of developing nations.
Anderson, Mehden and Young.

Issues of Political development.
6
C.H. Dood.
Political Development.
David E. Schmitted.
Dynamics of the third world; political and social change.
Finkld, J .L. and Gable, R.W.
Political development and social change, Wiely, 1966.
Von Der Mehden, F.R.
The Politics of the development nations, Prentice Hall, 1964.

Recommended Books:

Easton, D. . . The Political System, Alfred A. Knop, New York, 1953.

Morton R. Davies
& Vaughan A. Lawis
. . Models of Political Systems Pall Mall Press Ltd. 1971.


Michael Rush and
Philip Althoff
. . An introduction to Political Sociology Western


Michael Rush and
Philip Althoff
. . Printing Services Ltd., Briston
Services Ltd., Briston.

Young, Oran R. . . Systems of Political Science, Prentice Hall Inc. 1968.

Henry Bernstein ed. . . Under development and development.

Pye, Lucian W. . . Aspects of Political Development, Little Brown

Pye, Lucian W.
and Sidney Verba
. . Political Culture and Political Development.
Princeton University Press, New J ersey, 1965.

Pye, Lucian W. . . Aspects of Political Development, Little, Brown and
Co., 1966.

Paper (IV) I nternational Relations:

It is to be an introductory course aimed at introducting students with basic concepts
approaches and create among them an appreciation of environments and problems of
international relations.

1. Development of International Relations as a separate Discipline Scope and Problems of
study of International Relations, Idealist Realist Schools.

2. Modern Sovereign State System; its evolution, Characteristics and crisis of the Sovereign
State.
3. Contemporary Environment of International Relations and its characteristics.
7
4. Approac Wes-theories and concepts to the study of International Relations.

(a) Systems approach.
(b) Decision Making.
(c) Communication and integration.
(d) Conflict & Conflict Resolution etc.
(e) Powers, elements of Power, Balance of Power/Terror and Deterrence.
(f) Inter-alignment, Non-alignment, Neutralism and Nationalism.
(g) Collective Security, Disarnament and Arms Control.

5. Diplomacy, Negotiations, Channels, Methods and Styles.
6. Foreign Policy making.
(a) Determinants of foreign policy.
(b) National interest motives, intentions, ideologies perception and images.
7. International Relations & International Law and Morality, nature of international law its
elevance to and impact on international relations.
(a) International Organization its nature & Impact of International Relations.

Required Readings:
1. Charles O. Lerche, J r. & Abdul A. Said, Concepts of International Politics; Englewood
Cliffs, N.J ., Prentice Hall Inc., 1963.
2. K.J . Holsti, International Politics; a Framework for Analysis, Englewood Cliffs, N.J .
Prentice Hall Inc., 1977.

3. William C. Olson, Fred A. Sonderman and Davis S. Macllallan, the theory and Practice
of International Relations; Englewood Cliffs, N.J ., Prentice Hall Inc., 1979.

4. William D. Coplin, Introduction to International Politics; a Theoretical Overview,
Chicago; Round McNally College Publishing Co., 1974.

5. Donald J ames Puchala; International Politics to-day, Chicago, 1971.

Recommended Books:
1. Carlton J .H. Hayes, Nationalism, a religion, New York, Macmillan 1960.
2. Charles Reynolds, Theory and explanation in International Politics, London, Martin
Robertson and Co. Ltd., 1975.
3. Hans J . Morgenthau, Politics among nations, New York, Alfred A. Knof, 1973.
4. Inis L. Claude, Power and International Relations, New York, Random House, 1962.
5. J ames E. Dougherty and Robert L. Pfaltzgraff; J r. Contending Theories of
International Relations, Philadelphia; J .B. Lippincott Company, 1971.
8
6. J ames N. Reasenau, International Politics and Foreign Policy A reader in research and
theory., New York, the Free Press of Glencoe. 1969.
7. J oseph Frankle, Contemporary International Theory and the Behaviour of States,
London, Oxford University Press, 1973.
8. Morton A. Kaplan, System and process in International Politics, New York, J ohn
Wiley and Sons, Inc., 1964.
9. Norman D. Oalmer and Haward C. Perkins, International Relations; The World
community in Transition, New York, Houghton Mifflin Company, 1969.
10. Paul Seabury, Balance of Power, San Fransisco; Chandler Pub. Co., 1965.
11. Stanley H. Haffmann, Contemporary theory in International Relations, Englewood
Cliff, N.J ., Prentice Hall, 1960.
12. William D. coplin and Charles W. Kegely, J r., Analyzing International Relations; a
multimethod introduction, New York, Praegers Publishers Inc., 1975.
13. Taylor, Trevor, Approaches and theory in International Relations, Longman, London
1978.
14. Karl W. Deutsch, the Analysis of International Relations, Englewood Cliffs, N.J .,
Prentice Hall, Inc., 1977.
15. F. Charles Ikle, How nations negotiate.

Paper V: I deology and Dynamics of Politics in Pakistan:
1. Ideological Moorings:
(a) Evolution and Menesis of Two National Theory
(b) Significance of Pakistan Ideology for Political Process, State and Nation
building and governmental policies.

2. Constitution Making:
A review of history of constitution making with special emphasis on major
constitutional problems, i.e., Islam and constitution-making, nature of federation,
representation of provinces in the central legislature, unicameralism or bioameralism,
the national language issue, and separate or joint electorate.

3. A comparative study of the major features of the 1956, 1962 and 1973 constitutions.

4. A critical appraisal of the working of Parliamentary system (1947-58, 1973-77) and
Presidential system (1962-69).




5. Military:
Role of the military in the politics of Pakistan. Major causes of the imposition of
Martial Law in 1958, 1969 and 1977.

6. Bureaucracy:
9
(a) The Heritage and its reorganization after independence.
(b) Role of Bureaucracy in Politics.

7. Political Parties:
(a) Major features of the party system in Pakistan.
(b) Review of the programmes and performance of the major political parties.

8. Pressure groups:

(a) Ulema and Mashaikh
(b) Students.
(c) Trade Unions.
(d) Other professional and trade organizations.

9. National Integration:

(a) Salient issues of national integration.
(b) The East Pakistan Crisis.
(c) Nature and problems of centre-province relations since 1972.

10. Political Participation:

(a) Representation and Elections.
(b) Mass Political Movements 1968-69, 1977.
(c) Local Self Government.

1. J udiciary: its role in constitutional development.

Required Readings:

Sharif ul Mujahid . . Ideology of Pakistan (Progressive Series 1975).
Khalid Bin Sayeed . . The Political System of Pakistan.
G.W. Chaudhry . . Constitutional Development in Pakistan.
Mushtaq Ahmad . . Government and Politics in Pakistan.
Herbert Feldman . . Pakistan: From Crisis to Crisis.
Keith Callard . . Pakistan: A Political Study.
Hasan Askari Rizvi . . The Military and Politics in Pakistan.
Asaf Hussain . . Elite Politics in an Ideological State; The case of
Pakistan.

Lawrence Ziring . . The Ayub Khan Era.
10
H.F. Goodnow . . The Civil Service of Pakistan.
Robert Laporte . . Power and Privilege: Influence and Decision making in
Pakistan, 1975.

Wheeler, Richard S. . . The Politics of Pakistan: A Constitutional Quest.
Leonard Binder . . Religion and Politics in Pakistan.
Nasim Zakariya . . Pakistani Adaraa (Urdu).

Recommended Readings:
Khalid Bin Sayeed . . Politics in Pakistan: the Nature and Direction of Change.
Mushtaq Ahmad . . Politics without Social Change.
Fazal Muqeem Khan . . Pakistans Crisis in Leadership.
Munir Ahmad . . Aspects of Pakistans Politics and Administration.
Rounaq J ahan . . Pakistan: Failure in National Integration.
G.W. Choudhary . . Democracy in Pakistan.
Herbert Feldman . . Revolution in Pakistan.
Kalim Siddiqi . . Crisis, Conflict and War in Pakistan.
Khalid Mahmood . . Trade Unions in Pakistan.
Ziring, Braibanti . . Pakistan: The Long View.
and Wriggins (ed.)
Donald E. Smith (ed.) . . South Asian Politics and Religion (Section of Pak.)
Howard Wriggins (ed.) Pakistan in Transition.
Report of the Court of Inquiry into Punjab Disturbances.
(Muneer Report) Lahore, West Pakistan Government 1954.
Constitution of the Islamic Republic of Pakistan, 1956, 1962, 1973.
Students are advised to consult research J ournals and Newspapers for latest developments
in the politics of Pakistan.

Mohammad Sarwar:
) E " _ - N _ ]


UNI VERSI TY OF THE PUNJ AB

The following syllabi and Courses of Reading for M.A. (Final) Examination in Political
Science of 1986-92 and onward is hereby notified:

M.A. (FI NAL) EXAMI NATI ON I N POLI TI CAL SCI ENCE
11
Compulsory Papers:

Paper VI: Comparative Political Systems.
Paper VII: Pakistan Movement.
Any Three of the following Options:
Paper VIII: The Muslim World-Dynamics and Issues.
Paper IX: External Relations of Pakistan.
Paper X: Foreign Policies of Major Powers U.S.A.
U.S.S.R., China, France and Britain.
Paper XI: International Organization.
Paper XIII: Political Sociology.
Paper XIV: Local Self Government in Pakistan.
Paper XV: Public Administration.
Paper XVI: Defence and Strategic Studies.
Paper XVII: Modern Political Thought-Western.
Paper XVIII: Modern Political Thought-Muslim.
Paper XIX: Research Methodology.
Paper XX: Political System of India, Bangladesh, Sri Lanka and Nepal.
OR
Paper XXI: Political Systems of Iran, Iraq and Egypt.
OR
Paper XXII: Political Systems of Tunisia, Morocco and Algeria.
OR
Paper XXIII: Political Systems of Sweden, Norway and Denmark.
OR
Paper XXIV: Political System of France, Germany and Switzerland.

Note: Candidates will be allowed to take up thesis of 200 marks on a subject approved
by the Board of Studies in lieu of any two option papers.
Paper VI : Comparative Political Systems:

This course is in continuation of Theory of Comparative and Developmental Politics
studied in M.A. Previous. The focus is to be on the origin, development and operation of the
following Political Systems: -

1. Political Systems of UK ad USA:
12

The Focus will be on the following aspects:
(a) Political heritage.
(b) Constitutional and political growth.
(c) Constitutional and political framework; pattern of authority and power.
Decision making process.
(d) Party politics and its trends.
(e) Pressure politics and the modes of political action.

2. Peoples Republic of China:

(a) Political and Cultural heritage.
(b) Establishment of the Peoples Republic.
(c) Political and constitutional development after 1949.
(d) Socio-economic development c Cultural Revolution Commune Systems.
(e) The Communist Party: Ideology, Organization, and role.

3. Turkey:

(a) Political condition in early 20
th
century.
(b) Nationalist Movement-Establishment of the Republic.
(c) Constitutional, Political and administrative changes under Kamal Ata Turk.
(d) Constitutional and Political development after Kamal Ata Turk, Working of
Parliamentary system Parties and Pressure Groups.

(e) Military and politics in Turkey

Books:

1. Beer, Samuel H. British Politics in the Collectivist Age. New York, Random House
1969.

2. Butler Davis E. and Donal Stokes, Political Change in Britain, New York, St. Martins,
1969.

3. Butt, Ronald, The Power of Parliament, London: Constable, 1969.
4. McKenize, R.T., British Political Parties, N.Y., Praeger, 1964.
5. Palmer, J ohn P. Government and Parliament in Britain, London, Haward Society, 1964.
6. Mackintosh, J ohn P. The British Cabinet, London, Methuen, 1969.
7. Rose, Richard, Studies in British Politics, N.Y., St. J ohns.
13
8. Brezinshi, Zhigniew and Samuel Huntington P. Political Power, USA, USSR, New
York, Viking 1964.

9. Bianco, Lucien, Origins of the Chinese Revolution, 1915-49. Stanford, Stanford
University Press, 1971.

10. Houn, Franhulin, A. r of Chinese Communism, Englewood Cliffs, 1973.
11. Snow Edgar, Red Star Over China, New York, Grov Press, 1968.
12. Touensend, J ames, R. Politics in China, Boston, Little Brown.
13. Menon, V.P., The Transfer of Power in India, 1957.
14. Macridis, Roy C. and Robart E. Ward. Modern Political System of Europe.
15. Kahin, George Metuman, Major Government of Asia.
16. Lewis, J ohn Wilson, Major Doctrines of Communist China.
17. Pye, Lucian W. The Spirit of Chinese Politics.
18. Dose, Richard, Politics of England.
19. Punnett, R.M., British Government and Politics.
20. Almond, Gabriel Comparative Politics Today A world View.

Paper VII: Pakistan Movement:

The purpose of this paper is to make an indepth study of the ideological., social,
cultural and economic bases of Muslim struggle for freedom in the subcontinent, leading to in
the subcontinent, leading to the establishment of Pakistan.

1. Significant events and ideological movements bearing upon the development of
Muslim nationalism; beginning of the Indian political movement and the Indian
National Congress; The Aligarh Movement-its phases and contribution; Muslim
respinse to Hindu religio-political and cultural movements; partition of Bengal; Simla
Deputation; Establishment of the Muslim League; Circumstances leading to the
cooperation between the Muslim League and the Congress; The Lucknow Pact Khilafat
Movement; Politics in the 1920s; Nehru Report; J innahs fourteen points; Communal
Award, Congress Rule in the provinces under the Government of India Act-1935;
Lahore Resolution; Cripps proposals; Cabinet Mission Plan.

2. Constitutional Reforms; Indian Councils Acts, 1861, 1892 and 1909 Government of
India Acts 1919 and 1935; The Indian Independence Act 1947.

3. Ideological foundations of the two nation theory with special reference to the
contribution of Sir Syed, Iqbal and Quaid-i-Azam, Secular versus Muslim Nationalism;
(a) Pro-Congress Ulema.
(b) Pro-Muslim League Ulema.
14
(c) Maulana Maududi

4. (a) An appraisal of the ideas and role of the following leaders and organizations in
the Muslim Political Movement; Sir Syed Ahmad Khan; Syed Amir Ali;
Mohsin ul Mulk; Viqar ul Mulk; Maulana Muhammad Ali; Maulana Zafar Ali
Khan.
(b) Study of Quaid-i-Azam as a Legislator, Politician, negotiator and mass leader.
(c) Anjaman-i-Himayat-i-Islam; Muslim Students Federation.
(d) Womens role, in the struggle for Pakistan.

Recommended Books:

1. S.M. Ikram, Modern Muslim India and the Birth of Pakistan.
2. I.H. Qureshi, Struggle for Pakistan.
3. Chaudhry Muhammad Ali, The Emergence of Pakistan.
4. Abdul Hamid, Muslim Separation in India.
5. Waheed uz Zaman, Towards Pakistan.
6. Khalid B. Sayyed, Pakistan: The Formative Phase; Karachi, Pakistan Publishing House,
1960.
7. Matlub ul Hasan Sayyed, Mohammad Ali J innah; A Political Study; Lahore, Ashraf,
1953.
8. Abu Kalam Azad, India Wins Freedom; Calcuitta, Orient Longmans.
9. Richard Symmonds, The Making of Pakistan; London, Faber, 1950.
10. J amil ud Din Ahmad, Specehes and Writings of Mr. J innah: 2-vols. Lahore, Ashraf,
1964.

11. Syed Hasan Riaz.
12. I.H. Qureshi, ed. A Short History of Pakistan, book IV: Alian Rule and Rise of Muslim
Nationalism, Karachi, 1967.

Paper VI I I : The Muslim World Dynamics and I ssues:

The purpose of the Course is to create among students an under-standing of the nature
of challenges-internal and external to the Muslim world and its responses to the challenges. It
is to be studied within the historical perspective. A detailed study of the current socio-
economic and political environment and dynamics of the Muslim World should also be made.


I. Historical Perspective:
A brief survey of the State of the Muslim World in the 19
th
and early 20
th
century:
Ottoman Empire; Indian Empire; North Africa, Indonesia etc. Muslim World and
Czarist Russia; West and the Muslim World.

15
II. (a) European Imperialism and Colonialism. Structure of Imperialism; British, French,
Dutch and Russian Imperialism.

(b) Re-action to Imperialism; Ideological and Political Movements; Reform
Movements in Egypt, Ottoman Empire and India, Pan-Islamic Movement.

III. Consequences of Imperialism; Socio-Economic and cultural consequences; Mode of
exploitation-its extent and nature; Administrative, Commercial Educational and
Cultural Policies.

IV. (a) Nationalismin the MuslimWorld:

Regional and Territorial nationalist movements in Arab World, Turkey, Afghanistan,
India, Indonesia, Nationalist and other Parties.

(b) Strategies of Independence movements in the Muslim World.
(c) Problems of Political and constitutional development.

V. Contemporary Problems and Issues:

Muslims World and the New Economic Order.

VI. (a) Regional Organizations in the Muslim World: Organization of Islamic conference.
Arab League, RCD, OPEC.
(b) Muslim Minorities in India, Russia, China and Philippines.

Recommended Books:

1. Modern Movements in the World of Islam, 1979.
2. Islamic Thought and Movements in the subcontinent, Syet Moin ul Haq, 1979.
3. Islam in the Modern World, A.K. Brohi.
4. A History of revivalist Movements in Islam, S. Maudoudi.
5. Islam and Seculerism in Post-Kemalist Turkey. M. Rashid Feroze.
6. Nationalism in Islam, A. Ahmad Bashmuk.
7. Modern Islam in India. C.W. Smith.
8. Economic Survey of the Muslim Countries.

Note: all the above books have been published by Sh. Mubarik Ali, Lahore.

9. Pan Movements in the Third Word, Dr. Shaukat Ali.


10. Nationalism in India and Pakistan, Hafeez Malik.
11. The Muslim community of the Subcontinent, I.H. Qureshi.
12. Millitant Islam, C.H. J anson.
16
13. Political and Social thought in the contemporary Middle East, Kamal M. Karpat, ed.
14. Modern Trends in Islam,A.R. Gibbs.
15. Arab thought in the Liberal Age, Albert Muirani.
16. The Muslim World and the future economic order, Islamic council of Europe.
17. Muslim Communities in Non-Muslim State, Islamic Council of Europe.
18. The Challenge of Islam, Islamic Council of Europe.
19. Encyclopedia of Islam, Relevant Parts.

South East Asia:
1. Asia on the Eve of Europes Expansion, Lach, D.F.
2. Indonesia and the Dutch: Lasie Palmer, London, 1962.
3. Indonesia, Razzaq, Shahid Hussain.
4. A History of Malaya, Kennedy.
5. A History of South East Asia, D.G.E. Hall.
6. Social Forces in South East Asia, Dubols Cora.

Paper IX: External Relations of Pakistan:

The main purpose of this paper is to study in detail Pakistans relations with her
neighbors, the Muslim world and the Big Powers. It also aims at discussing the determinants
constraints in foreign-policy making in Pakistan.

(a) Foreign Policy Setting:
Geopolitical and Geostrategic situation: Determinants, and objectives of Foreign
policy.
(b) Pakistan and the Muslim World:
Pakistans relations with the Muslim Worlds; Areas of Common Interest;
Islamic Solidarity.
(c) Relations with Great Powers:
1. Strategic and Ideological Interests of Pakistan.
2. Relations with Western Powers.
3. Relations with Communist Powers.

(d) Relations with I ndia:

1. Two-Nations Theory.

2. Major Disputes with India.
3. Communal Trends in India and their impact on India-Pakistan Relations.
4. Attempts at Normalization of relations.
17
(e) Policy of Co-existence with I ndia and Afghanistan:
(f) Relations with the Third World:
1. Non-Alignment.
2. Asian Solidarity.

(g) Pakistan and the United Nations:

Books:

1. Ahmad, Aziz, Islamic Modernism in India and Pakistan 1857-64, London, Oxford
University Press, 1967.

2. Ahmad, Mushtaq, The United Nations and Pakistan, Karachi, Pakistan Institute of
International Affairs, 1955.

3. Brand, William J ., India, Pakistan and Great Powers, New York; Praeger, 1972.

4. Brecher, Michael, Indias Foreign Policy: An Interpretation, New York, Institute of
Pacific Relations, 1957.

5. Burke, S.M. Pakistans Foreign Policy: An Historical Analysis, London, Oxford
University Press, 1973.

6. _____________, Mainsprings of India and Pakistan Foreign Policies, Minneapolis,
University of Minnestta Press.

7. Hosan, K. Sarwar, Pakistan and the United Nations, New York, Manhatten, 1960.

8. J isaom, Arif, Pakistan: Its Ideology and Foreign Policy, London, Frank Cass, 1966.

9. Palmer, Norman D. South Asia and the United States Policy, Boston Houghton
Miffin Press, 1966.

10. Park, Richard L. and I Tinker, eds. Leadership and Political Institutions in India,
Princeton, Princeton University Press, 1969.

11. Qureshi, Dr. M. Aslam, Anglo-Pakistan Relations, Research Society of Pakistan
Lahore, 1976.

12. Rais, Rasul Bux, China and Pakistan: A Political Analysis of Mutual Relations.

13. Syed Anwar H., China and Pakistan: Diplomacy of an entente cordiale.

14. Smith, Donal Eugene, South Asian Politics and Religion.

15. Salk, Siddiq, Witness to Surrender.

16. Shoukat Ali, Pan-Movements in the Third World.

17. Siddiqi, Aslam, Pakistan Seeks Security, Karachi, Longman, 1960.

18. Stein Arthur B., India and the Soviet Union, the Nehru Era, Chicago: Chicago
University Press, 1969.

18
Paper X: Foreign Policies of Major Powers

1. Nature of Foreign Policy and its determinates: Ideological Economic, Military
Political and Psychological.

2. Ideological, economic and strategic bases of the foreign policies of Major Powers.

3. Decline of colonialism and the emergence of USA and the USSR as superpowers
after World War II.

4. Soviet philosophy of world revolution and the U.S. Policy of containment.

5. Cold War & Dtente.

6. Sino-Soviet Relations and Sino-American Relations.

7. The Major Powers and South Asia.

8. The Major Powers and the Middle East.

9. Oil Politics and the Major Powers.

10. Major Powers and the Non-Aligend Movement.

Books:

Names, Rosenau N. International Politics and Foreign Policy, New York; The Free
Press, 1969.

Coplin, William D. and Charles W. Kegley, Analyzing International Relations, New
York; Praeger Publishers, 1975.

Spanier J ohn, Games Nations Play, New York, Praeger Publishers.

Coplin, William D. Introduction to International Politics Chicago Rand McNally
College Pub. Co. 1974.

Kissinger, Henry A. American Foreign Policy, New York; W.W. Northon, and
Co. 1969.

Spainier, J ohn W. American Foreign Policy Since World War II New York: Frederick
A. Praeger, 1969.

Comphell, J ohn C., Defence of the Middle East; Problems of American Policy, New
York; Frederick A. Praeger, 1960.

Hartman, Frederick H. The Relations of Nations, New York; The Macmillan 1967
Lonon, Kurt, The Soviet Impact on World Politics, New York, Bawthord Book 1974.

K.C. Chen, China and the Three Worlds, 1979.
Walter Laquer, The Struggle for the Middle East (1972).
Robert Blum, The U.S. and China in World Affairs (1962).
Robin Edmonds, Soviet Foreign Policy 1962-73 (1975).
19
David I. Dallin, Soviet Foreign Policy After Stalin, (1961).
Paul Hammond, cold War and Dtente, (1975).
R.C. Macridies, Foreign Policy and World Politics.
G.H. Hudson, The Sino-Soviet Dispute, New York, (1963).

Paper XI : I nternational Law:

The purpose of this paper is to study the major aspects of public international law.

1. Introduction, Definition, Nature and Scope of International Law.

2. Origin, Structure and sources of International Law including, specially, Methods of
determining the Rules of International Law; International Law and Municipal Law;
Nature of Muslim International Law.

3. Subject of I nternational Law:

Requisites for statehood; individuals in relation to International Law; Recognition of
States Government; Various kinds of Recognition and its methods; Legal consequences
of Recognition & Non-recognition; State succession and its consequences Intervention
Kinds and grounds of intervention; Methods of Acquisition and losing state territory;
Law of Sea, recent developments with respect to straits, international waterways; High
Sea and Deep Sea.

4. Territory of State:

J urisdiction on the High Seas; Over National Vessels; Over-Foreign Vessels in
Territorial Waters; Fisheries in the Open Sea; Contagious Zone; Continental Shelf: and
Hijacking in International Law; Aerial J urisdiction and J urisdiction over outer space;
Extratoriality; Rights & Immunities of States and of state Instrumentalities in Courts of
other States.

5. Nationality:

Conflict of Nationality Laws; Collective Naturalization; Dual Nationality; Modes of
Acquiring and Losing nationality; Extradition; Political Asylum.

6. Diplomatic Relations.

Its categories; Reception & Recall of Diplomatic Agents; Diplomatic Immunities;
Immunities of International Organization, Termination of Diplomatic Relations;
International Torts and Damages.

7. Treaties:

Nature and its kinds; Ratification and Conclusion of Treaties: Interpretation of Treaties;
Effects of War on Treaties; Termination & Suspension of Treaties; Treaties
Inconsistent under the UN Charter Provisions.
20

8. I nternational Disputes:

Nature and settlement of International Disputes.

9. Laws of War:

Enemy Charter; Insurgency and Belligerency; Non-Amicable Measures short of war
including intervention etc. Regulations of the conduct of Hostilities; Rules relating to
POWs; Law of Military Occupation, Legal Effects of War; Blockade; Contraband; The
right of Visit and Research; Neutrality; Rights and Duties of Neutrals.

10. Codification of I nternational Law:

Books Recommended:

Majid Khaduri, The Islamic Law of Nations, Baltimore J ohn Hopkins Press, 1966.
_____, War and Peace in the Law of Islam, Baltimore, J ohn Hopkins Press, 1955.
W.W. Bishop, International Law; Cases and Materials, New York, Little Brown, 1962.
H.W. Briggs, The Law of Nations, New York Appleton, 1955.
P.C. J essup, A Modern Law of Nations, New York, Macmillan, 1959.
H. Lauterpacht, the Development of International Law through the International Court of
J ustice, New York, Praeger, 1958.
Charles C. Fenwick, International Laws, New York, Appleton, Century, Crafts, 1965.
J .L. Brierly, The Law of Nations, Oxford University Press, 1981.
J .G. Strake, An Introduction to International Law, Bulleworths, 1963.
D. Oppenheim, International Law, Longmans, 1963.
G. Schwarzenberger, A Manual of International Law, London, Stevens.
C.G. Colombs, The International Law of the Sea, Longmans, 1962.
W. Friedman, Law in a changing society, Pelican Books, 1964.
C.G. Fenwick, International Law, New York, Appleton Century, 1948.
C.W. J enks, The Prospects for international adjudication, London.
Kaplan and Katzenback, The Political Foundations of International Law.
A NoNair, The Law of Treaties, London, OUP, 1960.
J . Stone, Legal Controls of International Conflict, Stevens.
Q. Svarlien, An Introduction to the Law of Nation.
Q. Wright, International Law; A contemporary Balance Sheet, Random, 1963.
B.V.A. Roling International Law in an expended World, Amsterdam, 1960.
21
Richard A. Falk and S.H. Mendivitz, The Strategy of World, Order.
New York, World Laws Fund, 1966.
Pitt Cobbert, Cases on International Law.
G.C. Chesbire, Private International Law.
Sir Henry Maine, International Law.
Hans Kelson, Principles of International Law.
J ohn Westlake, International Law.
S. Hershey, The Essentials of International Public Law and Org.
Lauterpacht, Recognition in International Law.
Holen Dwight Reid, International Servitudes in Law and Practice.
Copline, William D. The Foundations of International Law.
Chicago, Rand McNally Co. 1966.
Paper XI I : I nternational Organization:
The purpose of this course will be to examine the nature, structure and functioning of
the Principal public organizations that are international in their purpose and composition. The
course will deal especially, although not exclusively, with the United Nations system.
1. Nature: Conflict management and promotion of cooperation.
2. Setting; Sovereignty; Equility; Power Politics, Nationalism.
3. Historical and intellectual background of International Organization in the pre-World War-I
Period.
4. League of Nations; Origin, Structure and functions.
5. United Nations; Origin Structure and functions.
6. Collective security under the League of Nations and the United Nations.
7. Peace-making and peace-keeping by the International Organizations with special reference to
Kashmir, Korea, Palestine, Cango, and Cyprus.
8. Super Powers and United Nations.
9. East-West and North-South tussle in the United Nations.
10. Economic development and Social Welfare through the United Nations.
11. Regulation of armaments; Conventional and Nuclear.
12. Internationalism and regionalism: NATO WARSA Pact, Arab Leage, ASEANOIC,
Non-Aligned Movement, OAU, EEC.

13. Future of International Organizations.
Required Readings:
22
1. G. Stoessinger, The Superpowers and the United Nations.
2. Lynn Miller, Organizing making.
3. J ames Barros, The United Nations: Past, Present and Future.
4. Sydney Bailey, The General Assembly of United Nations.
5. S.S. Goodspeed. The Nature and Functions of International Organization.
6. Thomas Hovet J r. Block Politics in the United Nations.
7. Rutch C. Lawson, International Regional Organizations.
8. H.G. Nicholas, The United Nations as a Political institution.
9. J ack Plano and Robert Riggs. Forging World Order.
10. Maurice Waters, The United Nations.

Recommended Books:

1. Sydney D. Baily, The Secretariat of the United Nations.
2. D.C. Coyle, The United Nations and How its works.
3. K. Sarwar Hasan, Pakistan and the United Nations.
4. M.I.ec. The United Nations and World Realities.
5. Robert Macdonald, The League of Arab States.
6. Ruth B. Russell, United Nations Experience with Military Forces-Political Legal
Aspects.

7. Keohane, Robbert O. and J oseph S. Mye, J r. Eds. Transnational Relations and World
Politics.

8. Miller, Lynn H. Organizing Mankin: An analysis of contemporary International
Organization.

9. Brown, Lester R. World Without Barders.
10. J acob, Philip E. and A exine L. Atherton. The Dynamics of International Organization.



Paper XI I I : Political Sociology:

The course has been designed to study the various strands of social and political
behaviour constituting political sociology. An attempt has been made to emphasize the
importance of sociology in the study of political process.
1. Meanings and scope of political sociology.
23
2. The study of social and political behaviour.
3. Social classification-social stratification: status, power, symbols.
4. Political Sociolization Role of family, tribe, race, education and religion.
5. Political communication: Information media, press, modes of political communication
and control.
6. Rural urban cultural patterns: Socio-political sociology.
7. Public opinion: nature, formation, role measurement of public opinion.
8. Individual and collective political behaviour; Determinants-modes, including anomic
political behaviour.

Books Recommended:

1. Michael Rush and Philip Althoff. An introduction to Political Sociology.
2. W.G. Runciaman, Social Science and Political Theory.
3. Oran R. Young. System of Political Science.
4. Karl W. Deutsch. The nerves of Government; Models of Political communication and
control.

5. Lucian W. Pye ed. Communication and Political development.
6. Parsons, Talcott. The structure of social action.
7. Parson, Talcott. Theories of society; Two vols.
8. Weber, Max. The theory of social and economic organization.
9. ________, From Max Weber: Essays in Sociology.
10. ________, The Protestant Ethic and the spirit of Capitalism.
11. S. Sidney clmer. Introductory Readings in Political Behaviour.
12. Anthony M. Oreen, Introduction to political sociology.

Paper XI V: Local Self government in Pakistan:

The object of this paper is to apprise the students about the system of local self
government prevalent in Pakistan. It would enable them to understand the basic concepts of
local government. Not only it would deal with the historical perspective of the development of
local self government in Pakistan but also attempt to make a comparative analysis with the
systems prevailing in UK and USA.
This paper would comprise of the following topics: -

(a) Meaning scope, nature and approaches to the study of local Government; need
for local Government etc.

(b) Colonial heritage and evolution of local Government in Pakistan.

24
(c) Problems & issues of grass roots democracy in Pakistan.

(d) Organizational structure of local Government in Pakistan; its relation with the
provincial and central Government.

(e) Functional structure of local Government in Pakistan; social work and
voluntary service at Local level.

(f) Planning, development and budgeting in Local Government.

(g) A brief comparative study of local Government of Pakistan Britain and USA.

Recommended Books:

1. Cole, G.D.H., Local and regional Governments.
2. Cross, C.A., Principles of local Government law.
3. Douglas, E. and Ashford, National development and local Reform.
4. Golding L., Local Government, The English University Press Ltd.
5. J ennings, Sir Iver, Principles of Local Government Law.
6. Khan, M.A. Hussain, Problems of Municipal Administration.
7. Shelley, A.N.C. The Counciller.
8. Stones P., Local Government for studies.
9. Warren, J .H. The English Local Government Systems.
10. William A. Robson, The Development of Local Government.

Paper XV: Public Administration:

1. Public Administration; its nature and scope; the role of administration in a
modern state: approaches to the study of public administration; changing pattern
of modern governmental organization (change from law and order and revenue
collecting Government to welfare state).

2. Bureaucracy: Theories of Bureaucracy, the nature and purpose and correctives
of bureaucracy.

3. Organization theory; traditional and contemporary approach; organizational
equilibrium; patterns of organization; departmentalization delegation of
authority; centralization vrs. Decentralization line staff concept; leadership in
management. Human behaviour and organization.
4. Management by autonomous or semi-autonomous bodies (Corporations
Commissions, Boards).

5. Personal management; basic concept organization of personal management in
Pakistan; elements of personal management with special reference to Pakistan;
constitutional provisions; classification of services recruitment; training (Pre-
entry and post-entry); placement pay employee relations; performance ratings
25
and promotions; superannuation employees association or union; conditions of
service, ethical standards.

6. Financial management, nature and elements; budgeting in Pakistan
constitutional provision; concerning finance (central as well as Provincial
Government of Pakistan; capital budget; performance budgeting; fiscal
management in Pakistan.

7. Planning; nature of planning; fixing the goals and criteria; organization for
planning; process of planning.

8. Administrative responsibility; (a) formal controls; legislative and judicial
control of administration (b) informal controls types of informal controls;
(public opinion, interest groups, other informal groups).

9. Public Relations; administrative public relations; Day-to-day contact between
employee and citizen; publicity and report; Advisory councils.

Books Recommended:

1. Simon Smithburge and Thompson: Public administration, New York, Alfred A. Knopf,
1958.

2. Pfiffner and Presthus; Public Administration, new York, The Ronald Press, 1960.

3. Blau, Peter M., Bureaucracy in Modern Society, New York Random House, 1956.

4. McGrecor, Douglas: the Human Side of Enterprise, New York, McGraw-Hill, Book
Co. 1960.

5. Brain Chapman. The profession of Government.

6. Shaukat Ali, Administrative ethics in Muslim state.

7. United Nations, a handbook of Public administration.

8. White, L.D., Introduction to the Study of Public Administration, New York, The
MacMillan Company, 1955.

9. Gladden, E.N., An Introduction in Public Administration London, Staple Press, 1961.

10. Appleby Paul. H., Public Administration for a Welfare State, Asia Publishing House
1961.

11. Simon Herbert A., Administrative Behaviour, New York, The Macmillan, 1958.

12. Lays, Wayne, A.R., Ethics for Policy Decision, Prentice-Hall, 1959.

13. Walker Nigel: Moral in the civil Service, Edinburgh, 1961.

Paper XVI : Defence and Strategic Studies:
26

A : Political Strategy:

1. Political Culture, National Interest and National Goals.

2. Ideology and Strategy.

3. Policy-making; Sources, Processes, Elite Perceptions and Goal Orientations.

4. Game Theory and Diplomacy.

B : Economic Strategy:

1. World Economic Order.
2. Political Strategy and Economic Development.
3. Strategy of Economic Aid.

4. Political Nationalism vs. Economic Internationalism.

C : Military Strategy

1. Theories of Military Strategy.

2. Military in Politics.

3. Strategy of War; War as an instrument of peace; War and National integration:
War as a National Goal; Kinds of War.

4. Strategy of Peace: Cold War; Diplomacy; Alliances; Disarmament Nuclear
Problifertation; Deterrance, SALT; Military Equilibrium; Balance of Power;
Conflict Resolution.
Books:

Robert Benewick, R.N. Berki and B. Paraekh, Eds Knowledge and Belief in Politics;
The Problem of Ideology, London, George Allen and Unwin.
Lloyd D. Black, The Strategy of Foreign Aid.
Reo M. Christenson, et al. Ideologies and Modern Politics.
William T. Eluhm, Ideologies and Attitudes; and Modern Political Culture New J ersey:
Prentice Hall 1974.
David E. Apter, Ideologies and Discontent, London: Free Press, 1964.
Ins L. Claude, J r. Power and International Relations

Clausewitz, The Principles of War.
E.H. Hartmann, The Relations of Nations.
Morton A. Kaplan, System and Process in International Politics.
Lerche and Said, Concepts of International Politics.
27
J . N. Rosenau, ed. International Politics and foreign policy.
Edward Mead Earle, ed., Makers of Modern Strategy.
Andrew M. Scott, The functioning of International Political System.
WW. Kulaki, International Politics in a revolutionary age.
Morton H. Halperin, Defence Strategies for Seventies.
Robert L. Rothstein, Alliances and Small Powers.
Andre Fontain, History of Cold War.
George Liska, Nations in Alliance.
Quincey Wright, A. study of war.

Paper XVI I : Modern Political Thought Western:

Major purpose of this course is to give a deeper understanding of the recent trends in
political thoughts in regard to political ideologies of different political cultures.

1. The Revolution of Democratic Liberalism:

(a) Theories of constitutional Government in Europe during 19
th
century; Rise of
democratic socialism Liberal concept of authority; Growth of democratic
ideas in America.
(b) The Area of Liberal Conservative disagreement in English and American
Political Thought. Liberalism and liberal Political culture today. Ideology as a
secular religion.

2. Revolutionary Collectivism:

(a) Fascism and National Socialism their roots and origin, The Nazi version of
modernity.

(b) Communism: Marxism with special refesence to Communist modernity in the
Soviet Union and China. Theory and practice from Lenin to Khrushchev and
Mao-ze-Tung. The social and psychological background of Marxist appeal.




3. Modern Political Theories; Syndicalism; Guild Socialism; Anarchism; Utopian
Socialism; Fabianism.

4. A new focns of political unity. Origin and development of Nationalism in the
West. Nationalism and revolution in 19
th
century. The nature of Soviet and
Chinese nationalism. Development of Nationalism in Asia and Africa.
28

Books Recommended:

1. William T. Bluhs, Ideologies and Attitudes. Englewood, Cliffs, 1974.
2. Cox Richard H., Ideology-Politics and Political Theory.
3. Wakins Frederick, The Political Tradition of the West, Harward University Press, 1964.
4. Arieli, Yehoshua, Individualism and Nationalism in American Ideology. Harward
University Press, 1964.

5. Thomas, Norman M., Democratic Socialism, A New appraisal.
6. Oregor, A. J ames, The Ideology of Fascism: ; the Rationals of Totalitarianism, New
York, The Free Press, 1969.

7. Armstrong, J oh A., Ideology, Politics and Government in the Soviet Union, New York,
Frederick A. Praeger, 1967.

8. Drachkovitch, Milorael, ed., Marxist Ideology in the Contemporary World; its appeal
and paradoxes, New York, 1966.

9. William A. Dunning, History of Political Theories.
10. R.W. Carew Hunt, The theory and practical of communism.
11. Connolly, William, E. Political Science and Ideology.
12. Herbrt Marcuse Counter Revolution and Revolt.
13. Kaloan H. Silvert, Mans Power; A Bisased Guide to Political Thought and Action.

Paper XVI I I : Modern Political Thought Muslim:

This Courses is designed to study the trends of Muslim Political Thought in the modern
period in regard to the intellectual works, and political and reformation movements in the
Modern Muslim World.

1. General trends, of Muslim Political and social thought during 19
th
and early
20
th
century, with special reference to the work of J amal ud Din Afghani,
Muhammad Abduh and Rashid Rida.

2. Political and ideological movements in the Muslim World:

(a) Rise Arab Nationalism.
(b) Reformation movement of Ikhwan ul Muslameen in the Middle East.
(c) Development of Muslim Nationalism in India.
(d) Modernization in Turkey after the abolition of Khilafat; Islam in Turkish
secularism.
(e) Revival of Islamic order under Aiyat Ullah Khumini.

29
3. Contribution of Allama Muhammad Iqbal as a Thinker and reformer with
emphasis on the following aspects of his thought; political significance of
Khudi. Momin and Millat; His dynamic views regarding Islamic polity and
Islamic Law.

4. Abul Ala Maudoodi as a thinker. His views against secular basis of nationalism;
His views regarding Islamic polity.
5. Quaid-i-Azam Mohammad Ali J innah His contribution to the ideological
foundations of Pakistan. (A study of his speeches and statements is to be made
to understand his views about the socio-economic and political bases of
Pakistan.

Books Recommended:

1. Hourani. Albert, Arabic Thought in the Liberal Age (1798-1939) Oxford
University Press, 1962.

2. Smith, Wilfred Cantwell, Islam in Modern History, A Mentor Book, New
American Library, 1961.

3. Iqbal, Muhammad, Reconstruction of religious Thought in Islam, Lahore, Sh.
Muhammad Ashraf, 1962.

4. Parveen, Shaukat Ali, The Political Philosophy of Iqbal, Lahore, Publishers
United Ltd., 1978.

5. Charles, C. Adams, Islam and Modernism in Egypt, London, 1933.

6. Uriel, Heyd, The foundation of Turkish Nationalism, London, 1950.

7. Maudoodi, Abul Ala, edited Khrishid Ahmad, Islamic Law and Constitution,
Islamic Publication.

8. Sharif ul Mujahid, Pan Islamism in History or the Freedom Movement, Vol. III
1831-1905.

9. Muhammad Iqbal Qaddus Kazmi, Mazamin J amal ud Din Afghani.

10. Gibb, H.A.R. Modern Trends in Islam.

11. Hamdani, Raza, Hayat i J amal ud Din Afghani.

12. J amal, Muhammad Ahmad. The Intellectual Origions of Egyptian Nationalism.

13. Shamlu, Speeches and writings of Iqbal.

14. Mazhar ud Din Siddiqi, The Image of the West in Iqbal.

15. Maudoodi, Abul Ala, Tahrik-i-Azadi Hind Aur Muslaman.
Paper XVI I I : Research Methodology:
Paper XI X: Political System of I ndia Bangladesh, Sri Lanka and Nepal:
OR
Paper XX: Political System of I ran I raq and Egypt:
30
OR
Paper XXI : Political System of Tunisia, Morocco and Algeria:
OR
Paper XXI I : Political System of Sweden, Norway and Denmark:
OR
Paper XXI I I : Political System of France, Germany and Switzerland.
________

NOTI FI CATI ON

It is hereby notified that the Vice-Chancellor has been pleased to approve the
recommendations of the Academic Council made at its meeting held on 25-06-1995 regarding
approval of the Changes in the Syllabus of M.A. (Pol. Sc.) Part-II examination of 1997 on
behalf of the Syndicate under Section 15(3) of the Punjab University Act, 1973.

Revision and up-dating of some courses of M.A. Political Science, Part-I I

The International system has undergone major transformation over the last four-five
years. The end of the Cold War; American slogan of the New World Order in the backdrop of
the Gulf Conflict; disintegration of the Soviet Union, and the breakup of Yugslovia and
conflict amongst the successor states; and the trends towards economic deregulation and trade
liberalization are the leading new factors influencing international and domestic politics.

These changes have necessitated revision and updating of some of the courses of
Political Science for M.A. Part-II so that the students develop a critical appraisal of the new
developments.

Revision and updating has been made in the following courses of M.A. Political
Science, Part-II:

Paper VI I I . . . . The Muslim World ;: Dynamics and Issues
Paper I X: . . . . External Relations of Pakistan
Paper X: . . . . Foreign Policies of Major Powers: USA, Soviet Union
Russia and China
31
PaperXX: . . . . Political System of India, Bangladesh, Sri Lanka and Nepal
(Currently, there is not detailed syllabus).

The course details included in this proposal will replace the existing courses for the
above mentioned papers of Political Science, M.A. Part-II.

PAPER VI I I : THE MUSLI M WORLD DYNAMI CS AND I SSUES

The Purpose of this course is to examine the political dynamics of the contemporary
Muslim World. Current Challenges faced by the Islamic World, Both internal and external, are
studies in detail. The phenomenon of Islamic revivalism and the current state system of the
Muslim World is examined. Some significant developments both in politics and economics are
also studied.

I . Historical Perspective:

A bried survey of the state of the Muslim World in the early 20
th
Century.

(a) The collapse of the Ottoman Empire.

(b) The First World War and the Peace Settlement.

(c) The Establishment of the Current State System in the Middle East.

I I . The I mpact of European Colonialism on the Muslim World and Responses of
Muslims to Western Powers:

Growth of Nationalist Movements in the Muslim World.

I I I . Post Second World War Developments:

(a) The Arab Israeli Conflict:
(i) Brief History
(ii) Major Issues
(iii) Efforts for the peaceful Resolution of the Israeli-Palestinian Conflict,
Role of the United States in the peace process.

(b) The Iranian Revolution and its Implications for the Muslim World.

I V. Contemporary Problems and I ssues:

(a) Issues and Problems of Unity in the Muslim World.
(b) Islamic Revivalist Phenomenon since the late 1970 with Emphasis on Iran,
Pakistan and Egypt.
(c) Islamic and politics in Bangladesh, Malaysia and Indonesia.

V. The Development of Regional Organizations:

(a) The Organization of Islamic Conference
32
(b) Arab League
(c) Economic Cooperation Organization
(d) OPEC

Recommended Books:

Melcolm H. Kerr, The Arab Cold war, London: Oxford University Press, 1971.
Bernard Lewis, The Middle East and the West, New York: Harper, 1964.
William R. Polk, The Arab World, Cambridge: Harvard University Press, 1980.
Waheed uz Zaman, Iranian Revolution, Islamabad,: Institute of Policy Studies, 1985.
George Lenczowski, The Middle East in Gransition, 4
th
Ed, Ithaca and London: Cornell
University Press, 1980.

J ames A. Bill and Robert Springborg, Politics in the Middle East, 3
rd
Edition, Glenview, IL:
Scott Foresman, 1990.

J ohan L. Esposito, The Islamic Threat: Myth or Reality, New York: Oxford University Press,
1992.

J ames P. Piscatori, Islamic Fundamentalism and the Gulf Crisis, Chicago: The Fundamentalist
Project, American Academy of Arts and Sciences, 1991.

Eli Kedourie, Politics in the Middle East, New York: Oxford University Press, 1992.

Daniel Pipes, In the path of God: Islam and Political Power, New York: Basic books, 1983
Robin Wright, Islam and Democracy, Foreign Affairs 71(3): 131-145.

Baghat Korany, and Ali E. Hillal Dessouki, The Foreign Policies, of Arab States, Westview
Press, 1984.

Ami Ayalon, ed. Middle Contemporary Survey Westview Press, 1991.

Peter Sluglett and Marion Farouk-Sluglett, The Middle East: The Arab World and its
Neighbours, London: Times Books, 1993.

J ohn Esposito, Islam and Politics, Sytycuse: Syrycuse University Press, 1984.

Suroosh Irfani, Irans Islamic Revolution, Lahore: VJ ngujrd, 1983.

Paper I X: External Relation of Pakistan

1. Major Determinants and Objectives of Foreign Policy.
2. An Overview of the Changing Patterns of Foreign Policy

(a) The early years of independence (1947-53)
(b) Pakistan and the Western Alliance system (1954-62)
(c) Reappraisal of Foreign Policy; bilateralism and independent Foreign
Policy, (1962-71).
33
(d) Multifaceted and nonaligned relations in the post-1971 Indo-Pakistan
war period.

(e) Pakistan and Soviet military intervention in Afghanistan.

(f) The end of the Cold War, The New World Order and Pakistans Foreign
Policy.

3. Pakistan and the Muslim World: Pakistans relation with the Muslim States with
special reference to the Middle East and Central Asia.

4. Relations with the U.S.

5. Relations with the Soviet Union Russia.

6. Relations with China.

7. Relations with India.

(a) Major causes of strains and problems in Pakistan-India relations.
(b) History of the relations:

Problems in the early years of independence; The Kashmir dispute; The
1965 War and the Tashkant Declaration: The 1971 War; the Simla
Agreement and the subsequent pattern of relationship; Important
developments since 1980.

Books:

S.M. Burke, Pakistans Foreign Policy, Revised edition, Karachi: Oxford University Press.

G.W. Choudhury, Pakistans Relations with India, New York: Praeger, 1968.

G.W. Choudhury, India, Pakistan, Bangladesh and the Major Powers, New York: The Free
Press, 1975.

Muhammad Ayub Khan, Friends Not Masters (Chapters on Foreign Policy); Karachi: Oxford
University Press, 1967.

Hasan Askari Rizvi, Pakistan and the Geostrategic Environment; A Study of Foreign Policy,
London: Macmillan and St. Martins, 1993.

Robert G. Wirsing, Pakistans Security under zia, 1977-88, London: Macmillan 1991.

Shirin Tahir-Kheli, United States and Pakistan, New York: Praeger, 1982.

Leo E. Rose and Noor Hussain (eds.), United States-Pakistan Relations, Berkeley: Institute of
East Asian Studies, University of California, 1985.

Lawrence Ziring, The Sub-Continent in World Politics, New York; Praeger, 1982.

34
Noor Husain and Leo, United States-Pakistan, Social, Political and Economic Facters, Berkely;
Institute of East Asian Studies, University of California, 1988.

Mujtaba Razvi, Frontiers of Pakistan, Karachi; National Publishing House, 1971.

Alastair Lamb, Kashmir; A Disputed Legacy, 1846-1990, Karachi: Oxford University Press,
1993.

Anwar H. Syed, China and Pakistan: Diplomacy of an Entente Gordiale, Karachi: Oxford
University Press, 1974.

Pervaiz Iqbal Cheema, Pakistans Defence Policy, 1947-58, London: Macmillan, 1990.

Farhat Mahmud, A History of Pakistan-U.S. Relations, Lahore: Vanguard Books, 1991.

Rasul Bakhsh Rais, War without Winners, Karachi: Oxford University Press, 1994.

PAPER X
FOREI GN POLI CI ES OF MAJ OR POWERS:
USA., THE SOVI ET UNI ON/RUSSI A, CHI NA

1. Determinants of Foreign Policy: Geographic, Strategic; Ideological, Economic
Political and Military.

2. Bases and Determinants of Foreign Policies of the United States, the Soviet
Union Russia and China.

3. The Cold War: The origins and Development of the cold War; conflict of
interests between the two super powers. The nature of the Cold War; Political,
economic and military dimensions; deterrence.

4. From Confrontation to peaceful Coexistence and Detents.

5. Sino-Soviet Relations: Development and Nature of the Relationship; The causes
of Conflict and efforts to Improve the Relations.

6. Sino-American Relations; Initial Conflict; Transformation since 1971; and the
changing nature of Bilateral Interaction; Relations in the Post Cold War era.

7. Major Powers and the Middle East.

8. Major Powers and South Asia.

9. The Contemporary International Scene The End of the Cold War and the
Disintegration of the Soviet Union; American of the New World Order and the
Global Agenda; Rationale for future conflict; An Examination of Huntingtons
Clash of Civilization Thesis; and New U.S. Policy initiatives towards South
Asia.
35
Books:

Roy.C. Macridis (ed), Foreign Policy in World Politics, 8
th
ed. Englewood Cliffs; prentice
Hall, 1992.

J ames L. Ray, Global Politics, 5
th
ed. Boston: Houghton Miffin, 1992.

Walter J ones, The Logic of International Relations, 6
th
ed., Boston: Scott, Foreman and Co.,
1988.

Richard Nixon, Seize the Moment, New York: Simon and Schuster, 1992.

Henry Kissinger, Diplomacy, New York: Simon and Schuster, 1994.

Henry Kissinger, American Foreign Policy, New York: W. Northon and Co., 1969.

J ohn Spanier, American Foreign Policy, since World War II, New York: Praeger, 1975.

J ohn Lukacs, A New History of the Cold War, New York: Anchor Books, 1966.

Alvin Z. Rubinste-in, Soviet and Chinese Influence in the Third World, New York: Praeger
1976.

Rober E. Kanet (ed.), Soviet Foreign Policy in the Eighties, New York; Praeger, 1982.

G. Ginsbourgs, Alvin Rubinstein and O.M. Smolansky (eds.), Russia and America: From
Rivalry to Reconciliation, new York: M.E. Sharpe, 1993.

Adam B. Ulam, The Rivals: American and Russia since World War II, Penguin Books, 1971,
1981.

Henry T. Nash, American Foreign Policy: A search for Security, 3
rd
ed. Pacific Grove, CA
Brooks Cole Publishing Co., 1985.

Charles W. Kegley, J r., Eugene R. Wittkopf, American Foreign Policy: Pattern and Process, 3
rd

ed. London: Macmillan Education Ltd., 1987.

Samuel S. Kim, ed., China and the World: Foreign Policy in the Post-Mao Era, 2
nd
ed.,
Boulden Co., Westview Press, 1990.

Robert O. Freedam, Soviet Policy Towards the Middle East Since 1970, New York: Praeger
1982.

Patter J . Schraeder, Intervention into the 1990s: U.S. Foreign Policy in the Third World,
Boulden Co: Lynne Rienner Publishers, 1992.

36
A Doak Barhett, The Making of Foreign Policy in China: Structure and Process, Boulden, Co:
Westview Press, 1985.

Robbin F. Laird and E. Hoffman, eds., Soviet Foreign Policy in a Changing World, New York:
Aldine, 1986.

Susan L. Clark, ed., Gorbachevs Agenda: Changes in Soviet Domestic and foreign Policy,
Boulder Co: Westview Press, 1989.

Paper XX: Political Systems of I ndia, Bangladesh, Sri Lanka and Nepal


I NDI A

Foundations and Sources of the Political System.
The Constitution and the System of Government.
Fedralism and National Integration.
Secularism: Theory and Practice with special reference to the conditions of the
minorities, especially the Muslims. The cast system and Politics.
Political Parties: Features: The Congress Party; its role and internal dynamics; other
Political Parties and their coalitions which rules at the Union Level.
Problems and prospects of the electoral Process and democracy.

BANGLADESH

Bangladesh Nationalism and Identity
The Mujib Era
Militarys Role in Politics: coups and military regines (i.e. General Zia-ur-Rehman
General H.M. Ershad).
Post Martial Law Civilian Political Process.
Problems and prospects of Democracy.
37
SRI LANKA

The Heritage/sources of the Political System

The Political, Process 1948-77, with focus on the Parliamentary system, Political,
groups and leaders.

The 1978 constitutional changes; The Presidential System.

The Ethnic Conflict.

NEPAL

The Political heritage

Political and Constitutional developments since 1950-51 and with special reference to
pary governments (1951-59) and Political instability, the impositions of the Kings
direct rule.

The 1962 Constitution and the Governmental Process, the Panchayat and partyless
democracy.

The Monarchy; its changing role.

The Democracy Movement 1989-90; and the 1990 Constitution; performance of the
Parliamentary System since 1991.

Books

Baxter, Malik, Kennedy and Oberst, Government and Politics in South Asia, 1987 or
later edition.

J ayaratnman & Dennis Dalton (eds.) The States of South Asia Problems of National
Integration, 1982.

World Encyclopedia of Political Systems and Parties.

Robert W. Stern, Changing India, Cambridge University Press, 1993.

Robert Hardgrave, India: Government and Politics in a Developing National 1980 or
later edition.

Hanson and J anet Douglas, Indian Democracy, 1972.

Khalid Mahmud, Indian Political Science 1989.

Norman D. Palmer, The Indian Political System, 1971.
38
Craig Baxter, Bangladesh: A New Nation in an old Setting, 1984.

Taulkdar Maniruzzaman Group Interest and Political Change: Studies in Bangladesh and
Pakistan, 1982.

Ghulam Hussain, Civil-Military Relations in Bangladesh, 1991.

Leo E. Rose and Margaret Fisher, The Politics of Nepal, 1976.

J ames Manor (ed.), Sri Lanka in Change and Crisis, 1984.

J eyaratnam Wilson, Politics in Sri Lanka, 1979.

For the latest developments:

Asian Survey (Berkeley)
Regional Studies (Islamabad)
Far Eastern Economic Review (Weekly; Hong Kong).