Chemistry Paper 2

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7081/02
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Chemistry
Ordinary Level
Paper 2
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Monday 19 January 2009 Morning
2
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Time: 2 hours
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Materials required for examination

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Items included with question papers

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Instructions to Candidates
In the boxes above, write your centre number, candidate number, your surname, initial(s) and signature.
The paper is arranged in TWO sections, A and B.
In Section A, answer ALL questions in the spaces provided in this question paper.
In Section B, answer TWO questions in the spaces provided in this question paper.
Indicate which question you are answering by marking the box ( ). If you change your mind, put a
line through the box ( ) and then indicate your new question with a cross ( ).
Information for Candidates

A Periodic Table is printed on the back cover of this question paper.
Calculators may be used.
The total mark for this paper is 100. Marks for parts of questions are shown in round brackets: e.g. (2).
This paper has 9 questions. All blank pages are indicated.
DATA
One mole of any gas occupies 24 000 cm3 at room temperature and atmospheric pressure.
One mole of electrons carries a charge of 96 500 coulombs or 1 faraday.
Advice to Candidates
Write your answers neatly and in good English.
In calculations, show all the steps in your working.
This publication may be reproduced only in accordance with
Edexcel Limited copyright policy.
2009 Edexcel Limited.
Printers Log. No.
N29895A
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*N29895A0120*
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SECTION A
Answer ALL questions in this section.
There is useful data on the front cover and a Periodic Table is printed on the back of
this booklet.
1.
(a) For the laboratory preparation of dry hydrogen, state the reactants, drying agent and
method of collection.
Reactants .......................................................................................................................
Drying agent .................................................................................................................
Method of collection .....................................................................................................
(3)
(b) (i) Write an equation for the combustion of hydrogen in oxygen to form water.
................................................................................................................................
(1)
(ii) Give a chemical test and the result to show that water is the product.
................................................................................................................................
................................................................................................................................
(2)
(iii) Give a physical test and the result to show that the water is pure.
................................................................................................................................
................................................................................................................................
(2)
(c) Write the equation for the reaction between hydrogen and chlorine and name the
gaseous product.
Equation ........................................................................................................................
Name of product ...........................................................................................................
(2)
(Total 10 marks)
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Q1
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2.
You are provided with solutions of hydrochloric acid, sodium hydroxide, barium chloride
and limewater only. In addition, you have a Bunsen burner, test tubes and dropping
pipettes but no other apparatus.
Describe how you would distinguish between each of the following pairs of substances.
Write an equation for any one of the reactions.
(a) Aqueous sodium chloride and aqueous sodium sulphate.
Test ................................................................................................................................
Observation for sodium chloride ..................................................................................
Observation for sodium sulphate ..................................................................................
(3)
(b) Aqueous iron(II) chloride and aqueous iron(III) chloride.
Test ................................................................................................................................
Observation for iron(II) chloride ..................................................................................
Observation for iron(III) chloride .................................................................................
(3)
(c) Solid sodium carbonate and solid magnesium carbonate.
Test ................................................................................................................................
.......................................................................................................................................
Observation for sodium carbonate ...............................................................................
Observation for magnesium carbonate .........................................................................
(3)
(d) Equation for one of the reactions.
.......................................................................................................................................
(1)
Q2
(Total 10 marks)
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3.
(a) Crude oil is a raw material in the petrochemicals industry. Short-chain hydrocarbons
can be obtained from crude oil as shown below.
crude oil
Process A
fractional
distillation
hydrocarbon
fractions
Process B
short-chain
hydrocarbons
(i) Name two hydrocarbon fractions produced by Process A and give a use for one
of them.
Fraction 1 name ......................................................................................................
Use ..........................................................................................................................
Fraction 2 name ......................................................................................................
(3)
(ii) Name Process B and state why it is important in the petrochemical industry.
................................................................................................................................
................................................................................................................................
................................................................................................................................
................................................................................................................................
(2)
(iii) Short-chain hydrocarbons are used to make polymers. Draw the structure for
poly(ethene).
(1)
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(b) (i) Draw the structures of two isomers of the alkane C5H12 and name one of them.
(3)
(ii) Draw the structure of one isomer of the alkene C4H8.
(1)
Q3
(Total 10 marks)
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4.
For each of the following reactions involving the halogens or their compounds
describe what you would see
name the halogen-containing product(s)
complete and balance the equation for the reaction.
(a) Chlorine gas is bubbled through aqueous sodium iodide.

Observation ...................................................................................................................
.......................................................................................................................................
Names of products ........................................................................................................
Equation:
Cl2 +
NaI
(4)
(b) Chlorine gas is passed over heated iron in a hard glass tube.
Observation ...................................................................................................................
.......................................................................................................................................
Name of product ...........................................................................................................
Equation:
Fe +
Cl2
(3)
(c) Aqueous silver nitrate is added to aqueous sodium bromide.

Observation ...................................................................................................................
.......................................................................................................................................
Name of product ...........................................................................................................
Equation:
AgNO3 +
NaBr
(3)
(Total 10 marks)
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5.
An experiment was performed to investigate the enthalpy change when iron filings are
added to copper(II) sulphate solution. 5.0 g of iron was added to 50.0 cm3 of copper(II)
sulphate solution of concentration 0.50 mol dm3 in a polystyrene cup and the mixture was
stirred. The rise in temperature was 24.0 C.
(a) If it is assumed that the mass of the copper(II) sulphate solution is 50.0 g, it is possible
to calculate the energy change by using the formula
Energy change (kJ) = mass of solution (kg) 4.2 rise in temperature (C)
(i) Calculate the energy change for the amounts of reactants in the cup.
................................................................................................................................
................................................................................................................................
(2)
(ii) Calculate the number of moles of copper(II) sulphate in 50.0 cm3 of the solution
and hence calculate the energy change per mole of copper(II) sulphate.
Moles of copper(II) sulphate
................................................................................................................................
................................................................................................................................
Energy change per mole
................................................................................................................................
................................................................................................................................
(3)
(iii) Enthalpy change for the reaction (H) = ............................ kJ mol1
(1)
(b) (i) Write the ionic equation for the reaction, including state symbols.
................................................................................................................................
(2)
(ii) Explain, in terms of electron transfer, why this is a redox reaction.
................................................................................................................................
................................................................................................................................
................................................................................................................................
................................................................................................................................
(2)
Q5
(Total 10 marks)
TOTAL FOR SECTION A: 50 MARKS
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BLANK PAGE
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SECTION B
Answer TWO questions in this section. If you change your mind, put a line through the
box ( ) and then indicate your new question with a cross ( ).
Where appropriate, give equations and diagrams to clarify your answers.
If you answer question 6 put a cross in this box
6.
(a) (i) Explain briefly how the difference in a physical property of oxygen and nitrogen
enables the two gases to be obtained from air on an industrial scale. Details of
the equipment used are not required.
................................................................................................................................
................................................................................................................................
................................................................................................................................
................................................................................................................................
................................................................................................................................
................................................................................................................................
(4)
(ii) State how a lighted spill can be used to distinguish between samples of oxygen
and nitrogen.
................................................................................................................................
................................................................................................................................
................................................................................................................................
(2)
(iii) Give the names of two noble gases present in the air and state a use for each of
them.
................................................................................................................................
................................................................................................................................
................................................................................................................................
(2)
(iv) Give the name of a gas that is a cause of global warming and write the equation
to show how this gas is formed when methane burns in air.
................................................................................................................................
................................................................................................................................
(3)
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(b) (i) A nitrogen molecule contains a triple covalent bond. Draw a diagram to show
the electron arrangement of the outer shells in a molecule of nitrogen and suggest
why the gas is inert at room temperature.
................................................................................................................................
................................................................................................................................
(3)
(ii) Nitrogen reacts with hydrogen to form ammonia in a reversible exothermic
reaction.
N2(g) + 3H2(g) U 2NH3(g)
H = 92 kJ mol1
State the temperature and pressure used in the industrial process and name the
catalyst.
Use the information in the equation to deduce whether the temperature and
the pressure should be high or low in order to obtain a high yield of ammonia.
Compare your answer with the conditions used in practice and explain why these
conditions are chosen.
................................................................................................................................
................................................................................................................................
................................................................................................................................
................................................................................................................................
................................................................................................................................
................................................................................................................................
................................................................................................................................
................................................................................................................................
................................................................................................................................
................................................................................................................................
................................................................................................................................
................................................................................................................................
(8)
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(iii) Ammonia can be prepared in the laboratory using the reaction between calcium
hydroxide and ammonium chloride.
Ca(OH)2 + 2NH4Cl
CaCl2 + 2NH3 + 2H2O
Calculate the volume of ammonia formed at room temperature and atmospheric

pressure from 0.535 g of ammonium chloride.
(3)
Q6
(Total 25 marks)
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7.
(a) Sulphur can be converted into sulphuric acid using the following steps.
sulphur
Step A
sulphur
dioxide
Step B
sulphur
trioxide
Step C
sulphuric
acid
(i) Sulphur can exist as two allotropes. Explain what this means and name the
allotropes.
................................................................................................................................
................................................................................................................................
................................................................................................................................
................................................................................................................................
(3)
(ii) Which two of the above steps involve oxidation? Explain your answer.
................................................................................................................................
................................................................................................................................
................................................................................................................................
(2)
(iii) Write the equation and give the conditions for the reaction in Step B.
................................................................................................................................
................................................................................................................................
................................................................................................................................
................................................................................................................................
(4)
(iv) How is reaction C carried out on an industrial scale? Why is sulphur trioxide not
added directly to water?
................................................................................................................................
................................................................................................................................
................................................................................................................................
................................................................................................................................
(3)
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(b) (i) Describe a test for sulphur dioxide and give the expected result.
................................................................................................................................
................................................................................................................................
................................................................................................................................
(2)
(ii) Write an equation for the reaction of sulphur dioxide with an excess of aqueous
sodium hydroxide. Name the products.
................................................................................................................................
................................................................................................................................
................................................................................................................................
(3)
(c) Concentrated sulphuric acid is used in
the conversion of ethanol to ethene
the formation of an ester when ethanol reacts with ethanoic acid.
For each reaction, give the conditions, write an equation and state the role of the
concentrated sulphuric acid. Draw the structure of the ester formed and name it.
.......................................................................................................................................
.......................................................................................................................................
.......................................................................................................................................
.......................................................................................................................................
.......................................................................................................................................
.......................................................................................................................................
.......................................................................................................................................
.......................................................................................................................................
.......................................................................................................................................
.......................................................................................................................................
.......................................................................................................................................
.......................................................................................................................................
(8)
Q7
(Total 25 marks)
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8.
(a) Explain each of the following.

(i) Sodium metal conducts electricity in both the solid and molten states whereas
sodium chloride only conducts when molten.
................................................................................................................................
................................................................................................................................
................................................................................................................................
................................................................................................................................
................................................................................................................................
................................................................................................................................
................................................................................................................................
................................................................................................................................
(5)
(ii) Many covalent compounds are gases or liquids whereas ionic compounds are
solids at room temperature.
................................................................................................................................
................................................................................................................................
................................................................................................................................
................................................................................................................................
................................................................................................................................
................................................................................................................................
................................................................................................................................
................................................................................................................................
(5)
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(iii) A solution of hydrogen chloride in water reacts with magnesium to form a

colourless gas whereas a solution of hydrogen chloride in methylbenzene does
not react with magnesium.
................................................................................................................................
................................................................................................................................
................................................................................................................................
................................................................................................................................
................................................................................................................................
................................................................................................................................
................................................................................................................................
(4)
(iv) Lumps of calcium carbonate react at a different rate to powdered calcium
carbonate when added to hydrochloric acid.
................................................................................................................................
................................................................................................................................
................................................................................................................................
................................................................................................................................
................................................................................................................................
................................................................................................................................
................................................................................................................................
................................................................................................................................
(3)
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(b) Manganese(IV) oxide acts as a catalyst in the decomposition of hydrogen peroxide.

2H2O2(aq)
2H2O(l) + O2(g)
Given a sample of manganese(IV) oxide and 100 cm3 of aqueous hydrogen peroxide,
describe experiments you could do to show that manganese(IV) oxide
(i) speeds up the reaction
................................................................................................................................
................................................................................................................................
................................................................................................................................
................................................................................................................................
................................................................................................................................
(3)
(ii) is not used up during the reaction.
................................................................................................................................
................................................................................................................................
................................................................................................................................
................................................................................................................................
................................................................................................................................
................................................................................................................................
................................................................................................................................
(5)
(Total 25 marks)
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9.
(a) Copper can be obtained from the ore, copper pyrites, CuFeS2. The ore is heated in a
limited amount of air.
4CuFeS2 + 11O2
4Cu + 2Fe2O3 + 8SO2
(i) Calculate the maximum mass of copper that can be obtained from 367 kg of
copper pyrites.
(3)
(ii) State why the gaseous product from this reaction must not be allowed to escape
into the atmosphere.
................................................................................................................................
................................................................................................................................
(1)
(b) The copper obtained from copper pyrites is too impure for electrical wiring and has
to be purified by electrolysis.
(i) Name the electrolyte and the materials used for the cathode and anode. Write
equations for the reactions at the electrodes. Give one observation that can be
made during the electrolysis.
................................................................................................................................
................................................................................................................................
................................................................................................................................
................................................................................................................................
................................................................................................................................
................................................................................................................................
(6)
(ii) Explain which of the electrode reactions is a reduction.
................................................................................................................................
................................................................................................................................
(2)
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(iii) Calculate the mass of copper formed by the passage of a charge of 200
faradays.
(2)
(c) State two chemical characteristics of transition metals that apply to copper or its
compounds. Give an example to illustrate each characteristic.
.......................................................................................................................................
.......................................................................................................................................
.......................................................................................................................................
.......................................................................................................................................
(4)
(d) Describe what you would observe in each of the following experiments. Write
equations for the reactions that occur.
(i) Aqueous sodium hydroxide is added to aqueous copper(II) sulphate.
................................................................................................................................
................................................................................................................................
................................................................................................................................
(3)
(ii) Copper(II) nitrate crystals are heated strongly.
................................................................................................................................
................................................................................................................................
................................................................................................................................
................................................................................................................................
(4)
(Total 25 marks)
TOTAL FOR SECTION B: 50 MARKS
TOTAL FOR PAPER: 100 MARKS
END
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Surname

Examiners use only

London Examinations GCE

Team Leaders use only

Monday 19 January 2009 Morning

Materials required for examination

Items included with question papers

Information for Candidates

describe what you would see

name the halogen-containing product(s)

complete and balance the equation for the reaction.

(a) Chlorine gas is bubbled through aqueous sodium iodide.

(c) Aqueous silver nitrate is added to aqueous sodium bromide.

CaCl2 + 2NH3 + 2H2O

Calculate the volume of ammonia formed at room temperature and atmospheric

If you answer question 7 put a cross in this box

the conversion of ethanol to ethene

the formation of an ester when ethanol reacts with ethanoic acid.

If you answer question 8 put a cross in this box

(a) Explain each of the following.

(iii) A solution of hydrogen chloride in water reacts with magnesium to form a

(b) Manganese(IV) oxide acts as a catalyst in the decomposition of hydrogen peroxide.

If you answer question 9 put a cross in this box

4Cu + 2Fe2O3 + 8SO2

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