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    Link 180

    Uploaded by

    Jose Luis Navarrete
    LINK180 is a 3D spar element that can model trusses, cables, links, and springs. It is defined by two nodes and has three degrees of freedom at each node. It can model effects such as plasticity, creep, large deflection, and large strain. Key capabilities include various material models, stress stiffening, initial stress loading, and nonlinear analysis features. Element output includes forces, stresses, strains, and temperatures at nodes and centroid.

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    Link 180

    Uploaded by

    Jose Luis Navarrete
    2K views6 pages
    LINK180 is a 3D spar element that can model trusses, cables, links, and springs. It is defined by two nodes and has three degrees of freedom at each node. It can model effects such as plasticity, creep, large deflection, and large strain. Key capabilities include various material models, stress stiffening, initial stress loading, and nonlinear analysis features. Element output includes forces, stresses, strains, and temperatures at nodes and centroid.

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    LINK180 is a 3D spar element that can model trusses, cables, links, and springs. It is defined by two nodes and has three degrees of freedom at each node. It can model effects such as plasticity, creep, large deflection, and large strain. Key capabilities include various material models, stress stiffening, initial stress loading, and nonlinear analysis features. Element output includes forces, stresses, strains, and temperatures at nodes and centroid.

    Copyright:

    Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
    Download as DOC, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as doc, pdf, or txt
    2K views6 pages

    Link 180

    Uploaded by

    Jose Luis Navarrete
    LINK180 is a 3D spar element that can model trusses, cables, links, and springs. It is defined by two nodes and has three degrees of freedom at each node. It can model effects such as plasticity, creep, large deflection, and large strain. Key capabilities include various material models, stress stiffening, initial stress loading, and nonlinear analysis features. Element output includes forces, stresses, strains, and temperatures at nodes and centroid.

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    LINK180 3-D Finite Strain Spar (or Truss) MP ME ST PR PRN <> <> <> <> <> <> PP VT Product

    Restrictions

    LINK180 Element Description


    LINK180 is a spar that can be used in a variety of engineering applications. This element can be used to model trusses, sagging cables, links, springs, etc. This 3-D spar element is a uniaxial tension-compression element with three degrees of freedom at each node: translations in the nodal x, y, and z directions. As in a pin-jointed structure, no bending of the element is considered. Plasticity, creep, rotation, large deflection, and large strain capabilities are included. By default, LINK180 includes stress stiffness terms in any analysis with NLGEOM,ON. Elasticity, isotropic hardening plasticity, kinematic hardening plasticity, Hill anisotropic plasticity, Chaboche nonlinear hardening plasticity, and creep are supported. See LINK180 in the Theory Reference for ANSYS and ANSYS Workbench for more details about this element. A tension-only compression-only element is defined as LINK10. Figure 180.1 LINK180 Geometry

    LINK180 Input Data


    The geometry, node locations, and the coordinate system for this element are shown in Figure 180.1: "LINK180 Geometry". The element is defined by two nodes, the crosssectional area (AREA), added mass per unit length (ADDMAS), and the material properties. The element X-axis is oriented along the length of the element from node I toward node J. Element loads are described in Node and Element Loads. Temperatures may be input as element body loads at the nodes. The node I temperature T(I) defaults to TUNIF. The node J temperature T(J) defaults to T(I). LINK180 allows a change in cross-sectional area as a function of axial elongation. By default, the cross-sectional area changes such that the volume of the element is preserved,

    even after deformation. The default is suitable for elastoplastic applications. By using KEYOPT(2), you may choose to keep the cross section constant or rigid. You can apply an initial stress state to this element via the INISTATE command. For more information, see the INISTATE command, and also Initial Stress Loading in the Basic Analysis Guide. Alternately, you can set KEYOPT(10) = 1 to read initial stresses from the user subroutine USTRESS. For details on user subroutines, see the Guide to ANSYS User Programmable Features. The "LINK180 Input Summary" table summarizes the element input. Element Input gives a general description of element input.

    LINK180 Input Summary


    Nodes I, J Degrees of Freedom UX, UY, UZ Real Constants AREA - Cross-sectional area ADDMAS - Added mass (mass/length) Material Properties EX, (PRXY or NUXY), ALPX (or CTEX or THSX), DENS, GXY, DAMP Surface Loads None Body Loads Temperatures -T(I), T(J) Special Features Plasticity (PLASTIC, BISO, MISO, NLISO, BKIN, MKIN, KINH, CHABOCHE, HILL) Viscoelasticity (PRONY, SHIFT) Viscoplasticity/Creep (CREEP, RATE) Other material (USER) Stress stiffening

    Large deflection Large strain Initial stress import Nonlinear stabilization Birth and death

    Note
    Items in parentheses refer to data tables associated with the TB command. See Data Tables - Implicit Analysis for details of the material models. KEYOPT(2) Cross-section scaling (applies only if NLGEOM,ON has been invoked): 0 -Enforce incompressibility; cross section is scaled as a function of axial stretch (default). 1 -Section is assumed to be rigid. KEYOPT(10) User defined initial stress: 0 -No user subroutine to provide initial stresses (default). 1 -Read initial stress data from user subroutine USTRESS

    Note
    See the Guide to ANSYS User Programmable Features for user-written subroutines

    LINK180 Output Data


    The solution output associated with the element is in two forms:

    Nodal displacements included in the overall nodal solution Additional element output as shown in Table 180.1: "LINK180 Element Output Definitions".

    Several items are illustrated in Figure 180.2: "LINK180 Stress Output". A general description of solution output is given in Solution Output. Element results can be viewed in POST1 with PRESOL,ELEM. See the Basic Analysis Guide for details. Figure 180.2 LINK180 Stress Output

    The Element Output Definitions table uses the following notation: A colon (:) in the Name column indicates the item can be accessed by the Component Name method [ETABLE, ESOL]. The O column indicates the availability of the items in the file Jobname.OUT. The R column indicates the availability of the items in the results file. In either the O or R columns, Y indicates that the item is always available, a number refers to a table footnote that describes when the item is conditionally available, and a - indicates that the item is not available. Table 180.1 LINK180 Element Output Definitions Name EL NODES MAT VOLU: XC, YC, ZC AREA FORCE STRESS EPEL TEMP Definition Element Number Nodes - I, J Material number Volume Center location Cross-sectional area Member force in the element coordinate system Axial stress Axial elastic strain Temperatures T(I), T(J) O Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y R Y Y Y Y 3 Y Y Y Y Y

    Name EPTH EPPL PWRK EPCR CWRK

    Definition Axial thermal strain Axial plastic strain Plastic strain energy density Axial creep strain Creep strain energy density

    O Y 1 1 2 2

    R Y 1 1 2 2

    1. Nonlinear solution, only if element has a nonlinear material. 2. Nonlinear solution, only if creep is included. 3. Available only at centroid as a *GET item. Table 180.2: "LINK180 Item and Sequence Numbers" lists output available through ETABLE using the Sequence Number method. See The General Postprocessor (POST1) in the Basic Analysis Guide and The Item and Sequence Number Table in this manual for more information. The following notation is used in Table 180.2: "LINK180 Item and Sequence Numbers": Name output quantity as defined in Table 180.1: "LINK180 Element Output Definitions" Item predetermined Item label for ETABLE and ESOL E sequence number for single-valued or constant element data I,J sequence number for data at nodes I and J Table 180.2 LINK180 Item and Sequence Numbers Output Quantity Name STRESS EPEL EPTH ETABLE and ESOL Command Input Item E I LS 1 LEPEL 1 LEPTH 1 -

    J -

    Output Quantity Name EPPL EPCR FORCE TEMP

    ETABLE and ESOL Command Input Item E I LEPPL 1 LEPCR 1 SMISC 1 LBFE 1 2

    J -

    LINK180 Assumptions and Restrictions


    The spar element assumes a straight bar, axially loaded at its ends, and of uniform properties from end to end. The length of the spar must be greater than zero, so nodes I and J must not be coincident. The cross-sectional area must be greater than zero. The temperature is assumed to vary linearly along the length of the spar. The displacement shape function implies a uniform stress in the spar. Stress stiffening is always included in geometrically nonlinear analyses (NLGEOM,ON). It is ignored in geometrically linear analyses (NLGEOM,OFF) when specified by SSTIF,ON. Prestress effects can be activated by the PSTRES command.

    LINK180 Product Restrictions


    There are no product-specific restrictions for this element.

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