Bluing Instructions & Supplies

OXYNATE NO. 7 HOT BLUING

INTRODUCTION
Sincethedawnoftime,sportsmenhavebeenspendingmorehours cleaning and caring for their shooting and hunting equipment than have ever been spent using this equipment. Even King David of Biblicalfamecaredforandpracticedwithhissidearm,thesling.The Yeomen of England and the Longriflemen of New England realized thatinordertostayalive,itwasabsolutelyessentialtoensurethe reliabilityoftheirshootingandhuntingequipment. Theurgetocareforyourgun,tokeepitintopflightcondition,was borninyou.Thecavemanhadlittleluckwitharottenclub-oran Indianmuchuseforabowthathadlostitsspring.Howmanymillionsofhoursdoyousupposeourancientancestorsspentinrubbing oilintotheirbowsorhackingatthatclubpointsothatwhenthetime didcomeforuse,itwouldbeready?Yes,theloveofweaponsandthe desiretokeeptheminperfectconditionisabasicpartofmansconstruction.Untilthe1940stheartofbluinggunswasaclosely-kept secret,knownonlytoaveryfewMasterswhowerewillingtotakethe timeandpainstogothroughthelengthyprocessnecessarytolearn it and use it. These early methods of gun bluing required hours of patientrubbingandscrubbing,rustingandburnishing,togetafinishthatwouldbedurableandyetattractive.Whenproperlyapplied, theseolderfinishesarestillbeautiful. Modern-day living cost and the higher standard of living make it impossible for the average individual to devote the multitude of hoursnecessarytoproduceafinishonasinglegunthattheseolder methodsrequiredforperfection.Itwouldbeprohibitivelyexpensive. Fortunately, solutions are now available which make it possible to produce beautiful and durable blued finishes with but a fraction of theworkandchemicalskilltheoldmethodsrequired. BobBrownell,founderofBrownells,Inc.,islargelyresponsiblefor the revolution in gun bluing that occurred in the gunsmithing field duringthelast60+years.PriortohisintroductionofOxynateNo.7 inthecolulmnsofThe American Rifleman,theaveragehobbyist,gun loverorgunsmitheitherhadtoturndownbluingjobsorsendthem backtothefactory.Thosewhodidattempttheworkwerefacedwith aback-breakingjobthatwastoooftenthanklessandunsatisfactory. The introduction of Oxynate No. 7 did indeed prove to be a boon to thegunsmith. SincetheintroductionofOxynate7,agreatmanyotherbrandsof bluing solutions with a variety of publicity and promotional claims havebeenshovedattheshootersandgunsmiths.Regardlessofhow muchhasbeenspentonadvertisingtheseotherblues,OxynateNo. 7isstilltheleadinghotbluingsolutionforthegunshop.After60+ yearsonthemarket,itstilldoesonethingbetterthanalltherest:it BluesGunsSuccessfully-everytime. necessary for complete satisfaction - something the other suppliers of bluing salts either cannot or will not, do. Bob, Frank and Pete Brownells care and concern for their customers is legendary, and hasbuiltthebusinesstoitspresentlevel.And,theyhavefine-honed the entire crew to provide and maintain this top-quality level of CustomerServicefirst,lastandalways. Futhermore,Brownellsmaintainsaccesstotheproductiontesting laboratory of the worldwide and world-famous chemical organization who custom mixes Oxynate No. 7 to Brownells specifications. (BecauseofOSHArequirementsforhandlingcausticmaterials,the mixingandpackagingcannotbedoneinMontezuma.)Thislaboratory providesassistanceforreallytoughbluingproblemsthatarebeyond the100+accumulatedyearsexperienceofBrownellsowncrew. So, no matter what kind of trouble you can get into - no matter what problem may stump you - Brownells can supply you with the cure.ToputitintoBobsownworks,Youcantthinkupanysituationsobrain-bustinginthebluingbusinessthatithasnthappened tous-onlymoreso.Inaddition,gunsmithsareconstantlywritingin totellusaboutthecurestheyhavefoundforproblemsintheirown shops, and new techniques and procedures are always being tested andperfectedinBrownellsowntestshop. Theseinstructionsarenotonemansfindings-oronelaboratorys specifications. Rather, they are the compilation of the information passedonbythose5-10,000workinggunsmithsandserioushobbyistswhoareactivelyusingOxynateNo.7intheirownbluingshops - plus all the technical laboratory and test shop information. This meansyouareliterallygettingseveralhundredyearsworthofbluing experience all in one easy-to-read dose.A definite Plus for you, themandoingthebluing,andanassetnootherbluingsuppliercan claim,orprovide,fortheirhotbluingsalts. The Bluing Procedure is Simplicity itself . . . ...Andconsistsofthefollowingbasicsteps: 1-CleantheproperlypolishedgunandpartsinDicro-Clean909. 2-Rinseandscrubincold,cleanwater. 3-ImmerseinOxynateNo.7solutionfor15to30minutes. 4-Rinseandscrubincold,cleanwater. 5-Rinseinboilingwater. 6-ImmerseinWaterDisplacingOil. 7-Applyoptionalafter-treatments,ifdesired.

200 S. Front St. Montezuma, IA 50171 800-741-0015 or 641-623-4000 www.brownells.com Worlds Largest Supplier of Firearm Accessories and Gunsmithing Tools

HOW MUCH EQUIPMENT DO YOU NEED?

Much of the equipment needed to blue guns can be made from oddsandendsaroundyourhomeorshop;oritcanbepurchasedand be as exotic as the finest of production shops. Somewhere between thesetwopoleswillbethebasicshopsetuptofityourownneedsand requirements. Settingupashopforbluing,eitherprofessionalorhobby,iswortha lotofseriousthoughtonyourpart.Bluingisthefoundationonwhich many successful gunsmith businesses are built...it gives the gunsmithachancetoshowhisartisticability,forabeautifullybluedgun willcreatemorecommentamongshootersthananythingyoucando otherthanbuildingabeautifulstock.And,therearemanyhundreds moregunsneedingbluingthanthereareneedingnewstocks! ThefirstthingforyoutodetermineisJustHowMuchDoIWant ToSpend?Whiledecidingthat,remember,nomechanicorartistcan

OXYNATE NO. 7 BLUES GUNS

TheFinishissimpleandeasytoachieve.Whenproperlyhandled, Oxynate No. 7 will color the steels typically found in firearms, yet does not alter the characters or dimensions of the steel, and is an inexpensiveprocess.Onceyouhavemasteredthesimpletechniqueof usingOxynateNo.7,youdontneedtospendtimeandmoneytrying, orevenworryingabout,theotherhotbluingsolutions.OxynateNo. 7willdoanythingtheycando.But,moreimportant,Brownellswill stand behind their customers with the technical help and support

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All rights reserved. Any reproduction or other usage of form or content of these instructions, either in whole or in part, is expressly prohibited without the prior consent of copyright holder.
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dogoodworkwithinferiortools.Ontheotherhand,dontgoinover yourhead.Maybetheshootersinyourlocalityaregoingtoneedalot ofeducationbeforetheystartbringingingunsinsufficientquantity foryoutojustifyspendingalotofmoneyatthestart. Next,youneedtodecide,HowManyGunsAmIGoingToBlue. Oneortwoguns-adozenorso-ordoyouplantomaketheworka profitablehobbyorfull-timeoccupation?Theanswerstothesequestionsareimportant,forfromthemyoucanthendeterminejusthow much to spend and what items you should consider buying when startingup. Regardless of what your answer is (if you are just starting up) donotplanonbuyingallyourequipmentinonefellswoop.Getthe basicsuppliesfirstandgettheBEST.Then,astimegoeson,addjust thoseitemsyouHAVEtohaveandagain,getthebest.Inthisway, youwilleventually-andaffordably-havethebestequippedshopin yourlocality.

WATER:Runningwaterinthebluingroomisafineassetifavailable. Ifyoucannothard-pipeitin,runagardenhosewithashut-offinto thebluingroomonbluingdays. LIGHTING: Good, bright lights are a necessity, and you must have one,good,incandescentlightbulbdirectlyovertheAfter-BluingCold WaterRinseTank. SHELVES:Ashelfortwoalongthewallsisalsomightyhandy! DUCK BOARDS: If much bluing is to be done, a wood slat riser or raised duck board on the floor will increase operator comfort and safety,andhelppreventslipping.

EQUIPPING THE BLUING ROOM

Tosetupyourbluingoperationonanefficientandprofitablebasis, youwillwanttoconsidertheequipmentandsupplieslistedbelow.We havecoveredeachiteminascompletedetailaspossible.Asyoublue, youwillundoubtedlyreferbacktothissectionforbitsandpiecesof specificinformationlistedundereachpieceofequipment. TANKS: The following solutions require tanks: 909 Cleaning Solution; Cold Water Rinse; Bluing Solution; Hot Water Rinse and WaterDisplacingOil. Twotanksarethebare-bonesminimumyoucangetbywith.This isforthemanwhowantstoblueanoccasionalgun.Onetankisused fortheOxynateNo.7;thesecondtankwillbeusedforeverythingelse except theWater Displacing Oil.This includes: 1) the 909 Cleaning Solution;2)thetwoColdWaterRinses,and3)theHotWaterRinse. To make the system work with only 2 tanks, you have to do some dumping and refilling during the bluing cycle. 1) After the gun is cleanedinthe909CleaningSolutionTank,theCleaningSolutionis immediatelydumped.2)TheTankisfilledwithclean,coldwaterinto which the gun is plunged to be scrubbed and rinsed before, 3) It is transferredtotheBluingTank,whichmustbeatoperatingtemperature.4)Whilethegunisbluing,theTankisdumpedandrefilledwith fresh,clean,coldwaterinwhichthegunisrinsedafteritcomesout oftheBluingTank.5)ThewaterintheTankisagainchangedtohot waterwhichisbroughttoaboil,andthegunissoakedintheboiling waterfor10to30minutes.6)Theexcesswaterisshakenoffthegun and it is liberally covered with Water Displacing Oil (soaking in a tankofWaterDisplacingOilispreferred). Theuseofadditionaltanksnotonlyincreasesyourefficiency,but alsocutsdownonoperatortime,whichletsyouturnoutmoreguns forlesscostpergun.Fourtanks-1)909CleaningSolution,2)Cold WaterRinse,3)BluingSolution,and4)BoilingWaterRinse-make foramuchbetteroperationthanthetwotankmethod.Theaddition oftwomoretanksforatotalofsix,-oneforaseparate,After-Bluing ColdWaterRinse(topreventcross-contaminationfromthecleaning solutionsresidueonthefreshlybluedgun),andtheotherforWater DisplacingOil-makesanidealandveryefficientsetup...and,isour personalchoiceforthenumberoftankstouse. Tankscanbemadeofeitherblackiron,stainlesssteelorgel-coated fiberglass,dependinguponwhichsolutionsyouaregoingtoputinto them. BlackIron:Suitableforallsolutionsusedinthebluingoperation. (Note:Allseamsonthemetaltanksmustbewelded;theymustnever bebrazed,becauseittakeslessthan.001oz.offreecopperpergallon ofBluingSolutiontokillaBluingSolution.) StainlessSteel:Suitableforallsolutionsusedinthebluingoperation,except for bluing salts,becausethereisthepossibilityofelectrolytic action between the bluing salts, the stainless steel and the gunmetal.Whenthishappens,itresultsingraystreaksand/orlittle silveryspecksinthefinishedbluejob.Thesetanksaresuperbfor allotheroperations,butarenotnecessary. Gel-CoatedFiberglass:Suitableforallofthenon-heatedsolutions; theColdWaterRinseTanksandtheWaterDisplacingOilTank.Also idealforotherchemicalsusedintheBluingRoom-Acidforetching, RustRemover,Pro-Sheen,orPro-Tek. Theaveragepistoltankshouldbe6"wide,6"deepandatleast16" long.Commonblackironormildsteelbreadpansaresatisfactoryfor pistol work, providing the pan is large enough. (These are the old fashioned bread pans, and can sometimes be found at household sales.Modernbreadpansareusuallyaluminumorteflon-coatedaluminum,whicharerapidlydestroyedbytheBluingSolution,besides destroying the Bluing Solution.) Or, you can use the Half Tank showninthecatalogsectionattheendoftheseinstructions.
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SETTING UP THE BLUING ROOM

You want to consider the location of your bluing room quite seriously, for once the word is out that you do beautiful bluing, we are toldyouwillfindpeoplebeatingapathtoyourdoor-atleastthisis whatwearetoldhappens,timeaftertime.Itistruethatgunshave beenbluedonbackporches,ingarages,toolsheds,privies,barnsand backrooms,butforeaseofoperationdowntheroad,planseriously now,eventhoyouarejustgoingtousetwotanksatstart-up.That way,whenitgrowsintoabusinessforyou,youwillnothavealotof expensiverebuildingtodo.So,considerthefollowing: Agoodfloorplanforthefive-or-sixtanksetupisadeep-sideU. The Cleaning Solution and Cold Water Rinse Tank are on the left of the U, the Bluing Solution Tank is across the bottom, and the After-bluing ColdWater RinseTank and the HotWater RinseTank aseparateareaawayfromtheheatedtanks.Oursetupworksclockwise,withtheCleaningSolutionTankasthefirsttankontheleftleg. The rotation direction is totally your personal preference.With this layout,oneindividualcaneasilyhandlealargevolumeofworkwith aminimumofmovement. In 5-tanksetup,thetanksareasfollows: a 1)Dicro-Clean909CleaningSolutionTank 2)FlowingColdWaterRinseTank(usedbothforrinsingafter CleaningSolutionandafterBluingSolution) 3)OxynateNo.7BluingSolutionTank 4)HotWaterRinseTank 5)WaterDisplacingOilTank Ina6-tanksetup,thetanksareasfollows: 1)Dicro-Clean909CleaningSolutionTank 2)FlowingColdWaterRinseTank 3)OxynateNo.7BluingSolutionTank 4)After-BluingFlowingColdWaterRinseTank 5)HotWaterRinseTank 6)WaterDisplacingOilTank STEAM & VENTILATION:Besureyourbluingroomissealedofffrom -orentirelyseparatefrom-yourshoparea.Therearethreereasons forthis.First,thesteamfromtheBluingTankisverycorrosive,and inaveryshorttimeeverytoolyouownwillberustyifyourShopand Bluing Room are together. (This steam has even rusted tail stocks solidtolathewaysbeforetheshopownercaughtit!)Secondly,you must keep people who do not realize the hazards involved working withbluingsalts,completelyOUTofyourbluingarea.Itisparticularly vital that you keep all children and pets out, for involuntary massive contact with the bluing salts could prove fatal; at the very least,itcaninvolvesevereanddangerouscausticburns.Beparticularly insistent on keeping people out of your bluing room. Thirdly, youmusthaveproperandadequateventilationforthebluingroom. Airshouldcomeinthroughaventorscreenedpanelabout18"above floor level behind the operator, pass across the bluing tank to be suckedoutaboveand/orbehindthebluingtankandexhaustedtothe atmosphere.Besureyouhaveadequatemake-upairfromoutdoors forthefantoworkproperly.Donotusegalvanizedmetalanywhere in the bluing room, particularly in hood construction over the tank orframingofthefan.Donotusealuminum-bladedfans,ductwork, windowpanels,etc.Besureyouarenotductingfumesontoanaluminum-sided building or where it will settle on any aluminum . . . simplyeatsitup,pronto.Youmustmovealotofairthroughthebluingroom,souseagoodexhaustfan,likeafurnace,squirrel-cagefan (allsteelonly)...thebathroomorkitchenkindwonthandleit.Dont worryaboutheatlosswiththeventsystem.Keepingwarmhasnever beenaproblemwhenbluing!Thecausticfumesarearealproblem, however,andyoumustgetthemout.
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 Rifletanksshouldbe6"wide,6"deepandatleast40"long(44"if youbluesomeofthemuzzleloadingbarrels). We do not recommend zinc-plated (galvanized) tanks; however, theyareoccasionallyusedforrinsetanks.Itcanbedone,butthere isastrongpossibilityoftrouble.Duetothecompositionofyourlocal water,thereisastrongchancethattherewillbeanelectrolyticaction setup when the steel gun parts are placed in water in a galvanized tank.Thisresultsinamildtransferofzincfromthetanktothegun, andthatresultsinwhitespecksinthefinalbluingjob. Ideally, the Cold Water Rinse Tank should be set up as a topoverflow tank to make it self-cleaning and prevent redepositing residue from the cleaning operation - or the after-bluing rinse - on the guns. By keeping the surface cleaned off, the scrubbed gun or partisbroughtbackupthroughacleanwatersurfaceandcomesout cleaninsteadofbeingrecoatedwiththejunkjustscrubbedoffit.This simplemodificationwillsolvemostofyourcontaminationproblems andthus,yourspecklingandspottingproblems,too. Thetop-overflowsystemcanbeaccomplishedinseveralways;we havegiventwosuggestionstogetyourthinkingstarted. 1) Setthetankinanoversized,outsidecontainerthatisconnected to a drain line. Connect a garden hose to a section of rigid plastic pipeorhosewithseveralholesdrilledinit,andlayitinthebottom ofthetank,connectingtheotherendtothecoldwaterfaucet.Asthe water flows through the pipe and out the holes, clean, fresh water isbroughtintothebottomofthetankforcingtheoldwaterupward overthesidesofthetank,intotheoverflowcontaineranddownthe drain.Indoingso,allresiduefromthe909CleaningSolutionBathor theBluingSolutionBathisconstantlybeingflushedoutofthetank, assuringacontinuousandadequatesupplyofclean,freshwaterfor rinsing.Setthetanksothewaterflowsevenlyoverthetopedge-all aroundthetopedge-topreventdead-spotsofoldwaterinthetank. Useamediumwaterflow. 2) UsingoneoftheBlackIronorFiberglassTanks,drillaseriesof holesalongoneend.Bringfreshwaterintothetankattheopposite end, and, using a medium water flow, keep the surface of the rinse Tankflushedclean.Itisimportanttohaveaconstantlyreplenished supplyoffreshwaterforthismethodtowork. thetanktokeepthetankssurfaceflushedclean.

Finally,ifnoneofthesemethodswillworkforyou,besuretodump andrefilltheColdWaterRinseTankfrequentlytoremovethejunk thatfloatstothesurfaceandstaystheretopossiblydiscolororstreak yourbluing. HEAT SOURCE: You will need a heat source for the 909 Cleaning SolutionTank, and Bluing SolutionTank and the HotWater Rinse Tank.(Inourdiscussion,wewillbetalkingaboutPipeburners,altho alternateheatsourcescanbeused.) TheBluingTankPipeBurners,witha42,000BTUperhourinput, havebeenspecificallydesignedandbuiltforusbyoneofthecountrys leadingindustrialgasburnermanufacturerstoheatandoperatea6" x6"x40"BlackIronTankcontaining4gallonsofworkingOxynate No. 7 Bluing Solution. We had these special pipe burners made becausetheheatsourcefortheBluingSolutionTankisquitecritical. ItmustbeabletobringthevolumeoftheBluingsolutionuptothe operatingtemperaturefairlyrapidly,yetmustbeadjustabledownto the proper carrying flame for correct maintenance and control of theBluingSolutionsoperatingtemperature.(Seethespecificinstructionsonthissteplater.)TheBluingSolutionTankPipeBurnersare showninthecatalogsectionattheendoftheseinstructions.Theyare definitelyrecommendedandworthyofyourseriousconsideration. The HotWaterTank Pipe Burners, designed and made for us by the same people who make the BluingTank Pipe Burners, are specially-sized25,000BTUperhourinputgasburnerstoefficientlyheat the909CleaningSolutionTankandtheHotWaterRinseTank.For theoccasionalbluingoperation,thesetwotankscanbeheatedover heavy-duty hot plates, gas ring burners or other heavy-duty, highoutputheatsources. HalfTankBurners,designedtobeusedwiththepistol-lengthHalf Tanks.Gasinputis10,000BTUperhour.Donotattempttousethese shortburnerstoheatthefull-lengthtanks. NaturalGasandLPGasarethetwotypesofgasusedforfuelto operate the Pipe Burners. There are several specifications for each thatyoumustbeawareof-specifically:operatingpressure,gasline pipe diameter sizes relative to distance to the regulator, and orifice sizes.

TECHNICAL SPECIFICATIONS FOR PIPE BURNERS

PressureatBurner:4inchesto6inchesofwatercolumn OrificeSizeonBluingSolutionTankPipeBurners:#32drill OrificeSizeonHotWaterTankPipeBurners:#43drill OrificeSizeonHalfTankPipeBurners:#52drill SUPPLY PIPE DIAMETERS REQUIRED BLUING TANK PIPE BURNERS USING NATURAL GAS No. of DISTANCE TO REGULATOR BURNERS 10' 20' 30' 40' 50' 1 3 3 3 3 1 Burner 2" Pipe 4" Pipe 4" Pipe 4" Pipe 4" Pipe 3 3 3 2 Burners 1" Pipe 1" Pipe 4" Pipe 4" Pipe 4" Pipe 3 3 Burners 1" Pipe 1" Pipe 1" Pipe 1" Pipe 4" Pipe 4 Burners 1" Pipe 1" Pipe 1" Pipe 114" Pipe 114" Pipe 5 Burners 1" Pipe 1" Pipe 114" Pipe 114" Pipe 114" Pipe HOT WATER TANK PIPE BURNERS USING NATURAL GAS No. of DISTANCE TO REGULATOR BURNERS 10' 20' 30' 40' 50' 3 3 3 3 3 1 Burner 8" Pipe 8" Pipe 8" Pipe 8" Pipe 8" Pipe 3 1 1 1 1 2 Burners 8" Pipe 2" Pipe 2" Pipe 2" Pipe 2" Pipe 1 1 3 3 3 3 Burners 2" Pipe 2" Pipe 4" Pipe 4" Pipe 4" Pipe 1 3 3 3 3 4 Burners 2" Pipe 4" Pipe 4" Pipe 4" Pipe 4" Pipe 3 3 3 3 3 5 Burners 4" Pipe 4" Pipe 4" Pipe 4" Pipe 4" Pipe HALF TANK PIPE BURNERS USING NATURAL GAS No. of DISTANCE TO REGULATOR BURNERS 10' 20' 30' 40' 50' 3 3 3 3 3 1 Burner 8" Pipe 8" Pipe 8" Pipe 8" Pipe 8" Pipe 3 3 3 3 3 2 Burners 8" Pipe 8" Pipe 8" Pipe 8" Pipe 8" Pipe 3 3 3 3 3 3 Burners 8" Pipe 8" Pipe 8" Pipe 8" Pipe 8" Pipe 3 3 1 1 1 4 Burners 8" Pipe 8" Pipe 2" Pipe 2" Pipe 2" Pipe 3 1 1 1 1 5 Burners 8" Pipe 2" Pipe 2" Pipe 2" Pipe 2" Pipe
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NATURAL GAS SPECIFICATIONS

PressureatBurner:11inchesofwatercolumn OrificeSizeonBluingSolutionTankPipeBurners:#51drill OrificeSizeonHotWaterTankPipeBurners:#53drill OrificeSizeonHalfTankPipeBurners:#63drill SUPPLY PIPE DIAMETERS REQUIRED BLUING TANK PIPE BURNERS USING LP GAS No. of DISTANCE TO REGULATOR BURNERS 10' 20' 30' 40' 1 1 1 1 1 Burner 2" Pipe 2" Pipe 2" Pipe 2" Pipe 1 3 3 3 2 Burners 2" Pipe 4" Pipe 4" Pipe 4" Pipe 3 3 3 3 Burners 1" Pipe 4" Pipe 4" Pipe 4" Pipe 3 3 4 Burners 1" Pipe 1" Pipe 4" Pipe 4" Pipe 3 5 Burners 1" Pipe 1" Pipe 1" Pipe 4" Pipe

LP GAS SPECIFICATIONS

50' " Pipe 3 4" Pipe 1" Pipe 1" Pipe 1" Pipe
3 4

HOT WATER TANK PIPE BURNERS USING LP GAS No. of DISTANCE TO REGULATOR BURNERS 10' 20' 30' 40' 50' 3 3 3 3 3 1 Burner 8" Pipe 8" Pipe 8" Pipe 8" Pipe 8" Pipe 3 3 3 1 1 2 Burners 8" Pipe 8" Pipe 8" Pipe 2" Pipe 2" Pipe 3 1 1 1 1 3 Burners 8" Pipe 2" Pipe 2" Pipe 2" Pipe 2" Pipe 1 1 1 3 3 4 Burners 2" Pipe 2" Pipe 2" Pipe 4" Pipe 4" Pipe 1 1 3 3 3 5 Burners 2" Pipe 2" Pipe 4" Pipe 4" Pipe 4" Pipe No. of BURNERS 1 Burner 2 Burners 3 Burners 4 Burners 5 Burners HALF TANK PIPE BURNERS USING LP GAS DISTANCE TO REGULATOR 10' 20' 30' 40' 3 3 3 3 8" Pipe 8" Pipe 8" Pipe 8" Pipe 3 3 3 3 8" Pipe 8" Pipe 8" Pipe 8" Pipe 3 3 3 3 8" Pipe 8" Pipe 8" Pipe 8" Pipe 3 3 3 3 8" Pipe 8" Pipe 8" Pipe 8" Pipe 3 3 3 1 8" Pipe 8" Pipe 8" Pipe 2" Pipe

50' " Pipe 3 8" Pipe 3 8" Pipe 3 8" Pipe 1 2" Pipe
3 8

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 Thecommercialgasheatingequipmentmanufacturerwhomakes thePipeBurnersforusrecommendsthatthetipofthewhiteconeof theflameshouldjustbebrushingthebottomofthebluingTankfor totalcombustionofthegasbeingburnedandthemostuniformheat tothebottomofthetank.ThisusuallyputsthePipeBurnerabout2" belowthebottomofthetank,butwestronglyrecommendyouusean adjustablemountingsystemsoyoucanadjusttheburnerupordown onceitisinactualoperation. AllgaspipeusedinsidetheBluingRoommustbeblackironpipe. Copper pipe is attacked by the caustic steam put off by the boiling BluingSolution,andmustnotbeusedinsidetheBluingRoom. THERMOMETER:Agoodthermometerisyoursinglemostimportant workingtoolwhenoperatingaBluingSolution.Glassthermometers shouldnotbeused.Theybreakeasily,andthemercuryoralcoholin them will contaminate the bath, killing its ability to blue. Cooking thermometersshouldnotbeused.Theyarenotdesignedtowithstand theBluingSolution,andfrequentlythecausticBluingSolutionwill seepintothequill(stem)ofthethermometeranddestroyit.Or,they arealloyoraluminumwhichdissolvesintheBluingSolution,ruining it. Use only thermometers which are specifically constructed to withstand the high caustic chemical action of bluing chemicals, the thermalshockofrapidheatingandcooling,andamaximumtemperaturerangeof350F. Wecarrytwodifferenttypesofbluingthermometers:atraditional tank-mountedmodel,andalarge-dial,remote-reading,wall-mounted model.Eachhasadvantagesanddisadvantages,sochoosetheversion thatfitsyourshoplayoutandbudgetbest.Youwillneed2-onefor the909CleaningSolutionTank,andonefortheOxynateNo.7Bluing SolutionTank. When installing the tank-mount model in your bluing tank, you must keep in mind three things. First, the thermometer should be mounted in the center of the long side, halfway from each end. Second,itshouldbemountedsothequillhasa1"clearancefromthe back wall of the tank, and with 1" clearance between the tip of the quill(stem)andthebottomofthetank.Thereareseveralingenious waystomountthethermometerinthisposition,however,welikea metalclipliketheoneshowninthedrawingbelow,toholdthethermometersecurelyinplace. Third, closely examine the thermometer quill, and you will find agrooveorcannelurebetween2"to3"fromthetip.Inordertoget correct and accurate readings, this groove (which is the top of the

PARTS BASKETS:YouwillwanttwoormoreSmallPartsBaskets.We recommendliningatleastonewithblackironscreenwiretousefor themultitudeofsmallpins,screwsandparts. BLACK IRON WIRE:IdealforhangingpartsandactionsintheBluing Tank,andanalternativetotheZHooksdescribedlaterforbarrels. STAINLESS STEEL DIPPER: Used to add water and salts to the BluingSolution.Properlyused,asdescribedunder7),HowToAdd WaterToTheBluingSolution,page8,itisasafewaytoaddwater totheBluingSolution. RINSE TANK BRUSH: Made especially to do the best possible scrub jobonpartsintheColdWaterRinseTankimmediatelyfollowingthe 909CleaningSolutionTank. SAFETY EQUIPMENT: Long-Sleeved,CottonShirt:BluingSaltsattackswool,leatherand skin.Wearcottonclothing,andothernon-animalfiberclothingwhen workinginyourBluingRoom. Heavy-Duty,Gauntlet-TypeGloves:ForallworkaroundtheBluing Tank and Rinse Tanks. Get them large enough so you can remove themquicklywhenhandsaresweaty. NeopreneRubberApron:Savesclothingandskin.Useit. RubberBoots:Withtopsnarrowenoughtogounderyourpantslegs tokeepsaltssplashoutoftheboots. Full-FaceSafetyShieldorGoggles:Simplesafetyprecautionwhen dealing with any chemical. We recommend the Full-Face Safety Shield. FilterMask:Weartopreventinhalationofthedustduringmixupof theBluingSolutionandthecausticsteamcreatedduringoperation. JarofVinegar:KeepawidemouthjarofvinegarclosetoyourBluing SolutionTanktoneutralizesaltssplashesonyourskin.Immediately flood affected area with vinegar. Read and memorize warnings on containerofOxynateNo.7andthroughouttheseinstructions.

CHEMICALS USED IN BLUING

Thechemicalslistedbelowaredividedinto2categories:Thosethat you must have to blue and those that are optional, but extremely usefulorhelpful,orcurespecialproblemsthathavearisen.Wehave made each list alphabetical for your ease in referring back to this section. CHEMICALS YOU MUST HAVE DICRO-CLEAN 909 CLEANER -Aslightlyaklalinedetergentcleaner that is formulated particularly for cleaning guns prior to bluing. Removes and puts into suspension all grease, dirt, crud. Strong enough to do the job right, yet when used according to the instructions,itistotallysafetouseandharmlesstoyouandthesteelyou cleaninit.Inaddition,itistotallybiodegradableandsafeforsewersystem disposal. (Detailed Technical Information On Mixing And Using,page6.)

bi-metalstripinsidethequill),mustbecoveredbyaminimumof1" ofBluingSolutionwhenthetankisoperating.Thisnecessitatesan overall tank depth of 4" to 412" as the absolute minimum you can workwithinyourtankandstillgetaccuratetemperaturereadings. Failuretohavethisgrooveatleast1"underthesurfaceoftheBluing Solution will result in operating temperatures far in excess of the optimal292F.,andmaywelldestroythebaththroughheat-kill,with actualtemperaturesover310F. Mount the heat sensor for the remote-reading, wall-mounted thermometerinthesamelocationinyourBluingTankasdescribed above,fortheBluingTankmountedmodel.Itshouldbemountedas nearlyverticalaspossibletogiveareadingthroughtheentiredepth ofBluingSolution.Thetipshouldbe1"fromthebottomandthesensor1"fromthebackwallofthetank,andtheentiresensoratleast1" belowthesurfaceoftheBluingSolution.Thesensormustnottouch thebackorbottomoftheBluingTank.Wall-mountthedialinaconvenient,easy-to-seespotabovetheBluingTank. STIRRING PADDLE:Getyourselfaflatironormildsteelpaddleto usetostirthesalts.Sinceyoullusethispaddlethousandsoftimes overtheyearstocome,makeitcomfortabletouse.Anoldservicestationtireironisideal.(Anyplatingmustberemoved.)Youmayalso wanttomakeawiderpaddle,3"-4",tousewheninitiallystirringthe saltsandwhentherearenogunsintheBluingSolution.

OXYNATE NO. 7 BLUING SALTS - For over 60 years, the most popular bluing salts for the professional gun trade. Meets Mil Spec C13924BAM1, Class 1, GradeA. Simple to set up and operate, reliableandrepeatableinitsresults.Simplythebestgunbluemodern scienceandresearchcanproduce.(DetailedTechnicalInformationOn MixingAndUsing,page7.) WATER -Strangelyenough,clean,clearwaterisnotnecessarilysafe to blue with, even tho it might be safe for drinking and household use.Whenindoubt,usecharcoal-filteredwater,orion-exchanged water.Donotusedistilledwaterunlessithasbeencondensedfrom steaminglasscoils;plantsfrequentlyusealuminumorcoppercoils, both of which leach metallic ions into the water and mess up your bluing.(TechnicalInformationOnWaterQuality,page6.) WATER DISPLACING OIL - Specially formulated so the molecules of oilactuallydisplacethemoleculesofwaterstillonthesurfaceofthe gun after it comes out of the hotWater RinseTank. Gives the gun acompletelyprotectedsurface.WaterDisplacingOilisalsoasuper rust-preventive, neutralizing fingerprints, plus body acids and oils thatgetonthegunfromhandlingandshootingafteritleavesyour shop. (Detailed Technical Information On Setting Up And Using, page9.)

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CHEMICALS YOU MIGHT WANT TO USE BLUING SOLUTION CLEANER -Afterprolongeduse,allbluingbaths get a certain amount of suspended crud that is mostly used up and worn-out chemicals and other junk that found its way into the BluingBath.Thiscruddoesnotslowdownthebluingaction,butit canbeanunmitigatednuisancegettingintoallthehard-to-clean-out placesinthegunsbeingblued.Itissuchanuisancethatfrequently operatorswilldumptheirBluingSolutionlongbeforeitiswornout. BluingSolutionCleanerextendstheworkinglifeofthebluingBath by cleaning up the Bluing Solution and causing the crud to float to the top of the solution where it can be skimmed off easily. Bluing SolutionCleanerdoesnotreneworrechargeyourBluingSolution.Its onlypurposeistoremoveaccumulatedcrudfromthebathtomake iteasiertooperate. Mixing: 8 ounces of Bluing Solution Cleaner treats 4 to 6 gallons of Bluing Solution (or the amount of solution in a standard 6" x 6" x 40" tank). Add to cold Bluing Solution tank; stir thoroughly as temperature rises to 200 F Stop stirring after 200 F When solution boils, . . skim floating crud off top of solution. Do not add to hot Bluing Solution. Caution: DONOT use unless tank is very dirty. Bluing Solution Cleanerisaveryaggressivecleaner,andiftheBluingSolutiondoes not have enough crud in it to clean out, the Cleaner will clean out goodworkingsaltsandfloatthemtothetop.Dontwasteyoursalts byovercleaning. BLUING SOLUTION NEUTRALIZING SYSTEM - Due to a number of factors, many municipal and local governments have placed restrictionswithintheirjurisdictionsonthedisposalofpotentiallyhazardous waste materials, which include depleted Bluing Solution. With this Neutralizing System, in the majority of cases, the disposal of Bluing Solution can be handled in your own shop to comply with all environmental regulations. Complete, detailed instructions are includedseparatelywiththisBluingInstructions&SuppliesBooklet, andlistoperatingstepsandmaterialsrequired. B.O.N.- BLEED-OUT NEUTRALIZER -Whenusedatthepropertemperatureanddilution,willneutralizeanybluingsaltsremainingon thegunfollowingbluing.Particularlyeffectiveforcleaningoutsalts residue between barrel and frame, or within the gun action, which may eventually bleed out and cause an unsightly and rust-forming rind. Mixing: 6 ounces (by weight) of B.O.N. to 1 gallon of water (check caution on water quality on label). Mixing can be done in tank in which it is going to be used, (Black Iron or Stainless Steel Tank recommended). Make enough to give minimum of 312"-4" depth in tank. Heat to 130 F to 140 F Immerse parts with intermittent . . agitation for 30 to 4 minutes. HOLD -Designedforin-shop,rust-freestorageofgunsandparts following polishing, grinding, sand/bead blasting, prior to bluing. It chemicallytiesupfreeoxygenandneutralizesallacidicimpuritieson thesurfaceofthemetalsothemetalstayscleanandfreeofthemicroscopicrustthatimmediatelyattacksanycleanedorpolishedsurface. SprayonmoderatelyheavycoatingorimmersepartsinHold.Comes offcompleteyinDicro-Clean909CleaningSolution.Doesnotcontaminate metal. Is non-caustic, non-acid, non-toxic, non-flammable and inexpensivetouse.And,itworks! OXYNATE S -Animportantdiscoveryfortheentiremetalbluing industry. Certain high alloy steels - heat-treated spots on receivers, ejectors,etc.,-oftencomeoutoftheBluingSolutionwithafaintred color.Also,manycheapergunswithcastironframesofveryuncertain metalcontentcomeoutvariousshadesofredorpurple.OxynateS added to the Bluing Solution will prevent this from happening in about80%ofthecaseswhenthesepartsorgunshavetobeblued.The other20%ofthesewillcauseyouproblemsnomatterwhatyoudo. Whenoneofthesegunscomesin,besuretoexplaintoyourcustomer thepossibleproblemswiththemetal,anddonotguaranteeagood, blue-blackfinish.Insomecases,evenwithOxynateS,andnomatterwhatyoudo,thegunmaycomeoutmottledpurple. Caution:Youmustread,understandandfollowexactlytheinstructionsforaddingOxynateStoyourBluingSolution.Ifyouadditto a brand new solution, or add it to a Bluing Solution while you are mixingitup,youwillkilltheBluingSolutioncompletely,anditwill notwork-period. Note: Our own testing and reports from our customers indicate
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thenewOxynateNo.84,designedforbluingstainlesssteel,doesan excellent job of bluing many of the difficult-to-blue cast gun parts. BetweenOxynateSandOxynateNo.84youshouldbeabletoblue anyofthehighalloyorcaststeelsfoundinguns.Pleasecontactus forOxynateNo.84instructionsandinformationifyouareinterested inthisprocess. PRO-SHEEN - Bringsoutthebeautyofyourpolishingandbluingjob, andmakesthegunreallysparkle.Pro-Sheenisahighly-sophisticated,water-soluble,waxcompoundthathasthehighlyunusualability of attaching itself to the metal it comes in contact with to form a tough, wax surface. After air drying, the finish is dry, bright and dust-free.UsedinsteadofWaterDisplacingOilwhenashiny,waxed surfaceiswanted. Mixing:Mix 1 part Pro-Sheen with 9 parts Pure Water. Mixing can be done in tank in which it is going to be used. (Fiberglass Tank recommended). Make enough to give minimum of 312"-4" depth in tank. Use at room temperature: 68 F minimum to 90 F maximum. . . Suspend parts taken directly from clean hot water rinse tank in Pro-Sheen, and allow to soak until cooled to tank temperature. Wipe dry with soft cloth. Clean out inside bore, chamber and action thoroughly. Gun is ready for reassembly. Apply coat of good, non-polarized, non-exotic gun oil, like Pro-Tek, to entire gun. If brown scum/precipitate forms on top of tank, skim it off as it is beeswax and neither adds, nor subtracts from the benefits of Pro-Sheen. PRO-TEK - A completely neutral, lightweight, non-additive mineral oil that is ideal to apply to guns following Pro-Sheen. Leaves the gunswiththePro-SheenGloss,butgivesaddedprotection-andthe right,slightlyoilyfeelofprotectiontotheotherwisedryPro-Sheen finish. (Strangely enough, this feel is desired by most gun owners!) Containsabsolutelynoadditives,nothingtocontaminateordamage. Excellent,all-purpose,lightweightlubricantaroundtheshop. RUST and BLUE REMOVER or STEEL WHITE - Bothareformulated tocleanoffbadlyrustedpartspriortoinitialpolishing.Or,forremovingoldbluingfromguns,orcleaningupoldgunstoofragileortime consuming to polish, or cleaning out the rust pits on guns so badly rustedthatyouwouldremovefartoomuchmetalpolishingit.When usedproperly,theywillnotattackanythingbutrustedsteel,notthe livesteelitself.Removesrust,oldblue,scaleandcrud,leavingnothingbutbrightsteel. Mixing: Shipped as concentrate. For Heavy Rust, dilute 1-to-1 with clean water (a 0% solution). For Light Rust, dilute 1-to-3 with clean water (a 2% solution). Immerse parts only until rust is gone. Moderate heating speeds rust removal. Do not exceed 10 F as ., components of Rust Remover evaporate out of solution above this temperature. Do not leave parts in for long periods of time. Steel White. For heavy rust mix 10-1 with water. For light rust mix 20-1 with water. Do not heat above 120 F .

BLUING ROOM SHOPPING LIST

There are many different setups that can be used when putting together a Bluing System. Shops with limited space may very well useasimple,two-tanksetup,whileothershavemuchmoreelaborate BluingSystemsthatrequire4tanks:Tank#1-909CleaningSolution (heated);Tank#2-FlowingColdWaterRinse;Tank#3-OxynateNo. 7BluingSolution(heated);Tank#4-HotWaterRinse(heated). TheFour-TankBluingSystemuses3heatedtanks,asshownabove. The 909 Cleaning Solution Tank, and the Hot Water Rinse Tank can be adequately heated with the Hot Water Pipe Burners. The Oxynate No. 7 Bluing Solution Tank requires the larger, Standard PipeBurner. Thelistbelowisdesignedfora4-TankSystem.Modifyasnecessary forfewerormoretanks. HARDWARE 1. lackIronTank-1 -forOxynateNo.7BluingSolution. B 2. lack Iron or Stainless SteelTank - 3 - for Dicro-Clean 909 B CleaningSolution,HotWaterRinse,andFlowingColdWater Rinse. (Flowing Water Rinse can be operated very nicely in FiberglassTank.) 3. tandardPipeBurner,complete-1-forOxynateNo.7Bluing S solutionTank. 4. ot Water Pipe Burner, complete - 2 - for 909 Cleaning H SolutionTankandHotWaterRinseTank.
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 5. iberglassTank-1-forWaterDisplacingOil. F 6. luingThermometers,eitherin-tankorwall-mounted-2-for B OxynateNo.7BluingSolutionand909CleaningSolution. 7. luingPartsBaskets-2 B 8. lackIronScreenWire-2-oneforeachBasket. B 9. lackIronWire-1-coilof50feet. B 10. tainless Steel Dipper - 1 - for adding water to the Oxynate S No.7BluingSolution. 11. inseTankBrush-1 R CHEMICALS 1. xynateNo.7-2,40lb.pails-onetochargetheBluingTank O initially,thesecondforreplenishment. 2. icro-Clean909-1,8lb.box. D 3. rownellsTCE-1qt.minimum. B 4. ater Displacing Oil - 2 gallons minimum - to create a dip/ W soakbathatleast3"deepintheFiberglassTank. 5. topCreepBar-1. S SAFETY EQUIPMENT 1. ubber Gloves - 1 pair per operator - style N-44010 recomR mended. 2. ubberApron-1peroperator. R 3. ullFaceSafetyShield-1peroperator. F 4. isposableFilterMask-1peroperator-usedduringmixing D ofSolutionstopreventdustinhalation. OPTIONAL EQUIPMENT 1. eatSaverShields-1setperheatedTank. H 2. .O.N.-1,8lb.box. B 3. xynateS-1pint-ifbluingcastironsteelsisanticipated. O 4. luing Solution Cleaner - 1 pint - use only when Bluing B Solutionisexceedinglycruddy. 5. ro-Sheen-1quart. P 6. ro-Tek-1quart. P 7. eutralizingKit. N

lems reported with water pollution have been from these sources. Particularly susceptible to contaminants listed above, in addition to many more industrial ones that dont get into ground water or reservoirs. Plus, real problems with runoff from mine tailings and agland. DEHUMIDIFIER WATER - Badly contaminated with aluminum from thecondensercoilsaswellascrudfromthehighvolumeofairthat goesbythecoils.DoNotUse. WHAT TO DO? - Generally, straight-up tap water will give satisfactoryresultsasyourmainwatersourceforyourbluingroom.However, if you suspect the water is causing problems, you have several options.1)Usecharcoal-filteredwater,orion-exchangedwater.Do not use distilled water unless it has been condensed from steam in glasscoils;plantsarefrequentlyusingaluminumorcoppercoils,both ofwhichleachmetallicionsintothewaterandmessupyourbluing. 2)PurchaseawaterTaste&OdorfilterfromSearsandrunallthe water used in your bluing operation through it. Its a big charcoal filter, and usually cleans up contaminated water successfully.Weve been recommending it for several years with great success by the shops who use it. 3) Rent, lease or purchase a Culligan, or similar, water treatment system using a reverse-osmosis filtration system. These frequently filter only a little water per day, sosaving/storage systemsmustbeconsidered.Mostaremoderatelyexpensivetorent, veryexpensivetobuy.Inextremelybadwaterareas,theymaybethe onlywayforyoutogetwatergoodenoughtouse.

TECHNICAL INFORMATION ON MIXING & USING DICRO-CLEAN 909 CLEANING SOLUTION

Asleast50%oftheproblemsbeginninggunbluerscontactusabout are directly traceable to improper cleaning - or the use of incorrect cleaners.Asinotherprofessions,CleanlinessIsNextToGodliness, anditreallyholdstrueinbluing.So,followtheseinstructionscarefully. 1) Determinethesizetankyouwishtouseandthevolumeofsolutionyouwishtoputintoit.Calculatethevolumecapacityofatank bymultiplyingtheinsidelengthxinsidewidthxdesireddepthand dividetheanswerby231(thenumberofcubicinchesinagallon).The answeryougetwillbethecapacityofthattankingallons.Asarule ofthumb,theBrownellBlackIronorStainlessSteelTank,measuring 6"x6"x40",holds6gallonsofsolution;4"ofdepthequalsabout4 gallonsofsolution. 2) MixonlyenoughDicro-Clean909CleaningSolutionasyouneed toprovidegooddepthinyourtank.Itischeaptouse,sodontstint; however,youdonotneedafulltankifyouaredoingonlyafewguns. Werecommendaminimumof3-4gallonstoensureenoughdepthand volume,plusaccuratetemperaturereadingsonthethermometer. TO MIX ONE GALLON* OF HOT DICRO-CLEAN 909 CLEANING SOLUTION MIXING RATIO: 5oz.byweight(approximately 23cupby volume)ofBrownellsDicro-Clean909Cleanerpergallon ofcleanwater. OPERATING TEMPERATURE: Heat to 180 F. and stabilizetemperature.Donotboil. IMMERSION TIME:Suspendpartsfor10to15minutes.
*Note: You must multiply the formula for One Gallon by the number of gallons of Cleaning Solution you wish to make and put into your CleaningTank, [See 1) above].

BLUING STEEL
TECHNICAL INFORMATION ON WATER QUALITY FOR HOT BLUING
Waterthatisaschemicallypureaspossibleshouldbeusedinthe 909CleaningSolutionTank,theRinseTanksandtheOxynateNo.7 BluingSolution.Thereareseveralsourcesofwater-buteachsource has its own particular caution, or warning, to keep in mind before usingit. RAIN WATER - Excellent if you live away from densely populated areasandthewaterdoesnotcomeoffacopper-sheetedorzinc-coated roof, and does not run down aluminum or zinc-galvanized gutters and down spouts. In addition, you cannot use rain water that has washed down through industrially polluted air which adds many contaminantstothewater.Cannotbestoredincopper-linedbarrels, galvanizedcontainersoraluminumcontainers. WELL WATER -Yourwellorthecitys-Generally,fine.But,mustnot havehighalkalinecontent,andmustnothavesuchcontaminantsas iron,magnesium,copper,molybdenum,lead,andmostothermetallic ions.Inaddition,ifyouareinanagriculturalareawhereheavyirrigationorfertilizationisused,yourgroundwaterprobablyhashigh nitratelevels,whichcanmessupthechemicalbalanceoftheBluing Solution, and may spot the blued guns in the Hot Water Rinse, or B.O.N.RinseTanks. RESERVOIRS OR IMPOUNDMENTS - Generally,fine.But,watchfor all the contaminants listed above, as well as direct surface runoff fromagland.Inaddition,coppersulphateisaparticularproblemin these water sources, because it is used to kill the algae that grows so heavily in the water during the summer, as well as to clean out the delivery mains.The further south you go, the heavier the algae growth,andthemorecommonitistohavethewatertreatedheavily with copper sulphate one or more times a year. Suspect your water supply is contaminated if your Bluing Solution kills suddenly and unexpectedly, or seems to die too quickly during use. Remember, it onlytakesafewpartspermillionofcoppertokilltheBluingBath. STREAM/RIVERS/CREEKS - Sometimes fine. Most frequent probPage 6 of 28

3) RemovethepartsfromtheCleaningTankandplaceintheCold Water RinseTank. Scrub well with the rinseTank Brush or a stiffbristled vegetable brush. When thoroughly scrubbed, examine the partsunderastrongincandescentlightforsignsofpuddlingaround screwholes,barrelrings,etc.Ifnooilslick,beadinguporpuddling appears, the parts can be assumed to be clean. If beading or an oil slick is present, return the parts to the Dicro-Clean 909 Cleaning Solution Tank for another 2 to 4 minutes of soaking. Then, repeat theexaminationfordirtandoil.Itisveryimportantthattheparts beclean.DonotputpartsintotheBluingSolutionTankthatarenot absolutelyclean. After being cleaned in Dicro-Clean 909 Cleaning Solution, steel partsarechemicallyclean.Donotallowthepartstostandinopenair orremaininwaterforlongerthanisabsolutelynecessary.Theoxygen inairandthefreeoxygeninwaterwillattackthesteelandcauseit torustveryrapidly.Thisrustmightnotbeevidenttothenakedeye, butwillshowupassilverspecksonthesurfaceofthesteelafterthe gunhasbeenblued.Infact,theymaynotshowupforseveraldays.
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NoneedtorushthroughtheColdWaterRinseTank,butdonotleave the parts in the tank any longer than required to do a good job of scrubbing. Once the parts are clean, they are put into the Oxynate No. 7 BluingSolutionTankforBluing.Thatstepiscoveredbelow. DONOT: #1) Do Not use lye or other very caustic cleaners. Overexposure of metal to these cleaners puts a slight etch on the metal whichwillshowupasunwanted,bright,whitespecksafterthegun hasbeenblued. DONOT: #2) Do Not use gasoline, kerosene, naptha products, alcohol, MEK, acetone, paint thinner, tri-sodium phosphate or similiar industrialorhouseholdcleanerstocleangunspriortobluing.Many leaveresidues,oilorcontaminantson the surface of the metal that resultingraystreaksinthefinalbluejob;otherssimplydonotclean offoilsandgreases.UseDicro-Clean909;itworks.Theseothershave allcausedtroubleforusand/orbluingcustomersinthepast. DONOT:#3) DoNottrytogettoomuchmileageoutofyourDicroClean909CleaningSolution.ItMUSTbedumpedandreplaceddaily. And,ifyouaredoingalotofguns-orsomeverycruddyguns-you shouldreplaceitmoreoften.Ifyoutrytokeepitovertothenextday, itgetstheconsistencyofpudding,andquitscleaning.Simplydumpit dailyandstartwithafreshbath.Saveyourselfsomebloodandtears! Your909Cleanerisoneofthecheapestcomponentsusedinbluing.

tankbymultiplyingtheinsidelengthxinsidewidthxdesireddepth and divide the answer by 231 (the number of cubic inches in a gallon).Theansweryougetwillbethecapacityofthattankingallons. Asaruleofthumb,theBrownellBlackIronorStainlessSteelTank, measuring6"x6"x40"holds6gallonswhencompletelyfull.Thus, 1"ofdepthequalsabout1gallonofsolution;6"ofdepthequalsabout 4gallonsofsolution. 2) REVIEW THE SECTION IN THERMOMETERSandunderstand that you must have at least 4" of solution in your tank just to be abletocorrectlydeterminethetemperatureusingourthemometers. Additional depth is not a problem; shallower than 4" will definitely cause you trouble.We recommend a minimum of 312-to-4 gallons to ensureenoughdepthandvolume,plusaccuratetemperaturereading onthethermometer. 3) ALWAYS MEASURE WATER AND WEIGH DRY CHEMICALS. GuessingwillleadtowastedtimebringingtheBluingSolutioninto correct operating balance later. The mixing ratio is 10 pounds of Oxynate No. 7 to 1 gallon of water. Practically, however, we recommendthatyoumixtheBluingSolutionasgivenintheinstructions, usinglesswater.ThisbringstheBluingSolutiontoavigorousrolling boilmorequicklyandatalowertemperature(becausethesaltsconcentrationislower,theboilingpointislower).Whenthebathbegins toboil,simplyaddsalts,andstirin.Theboilingwillstopimmediately. Whenitstartstoboilagain,addmoresalts.Continuetodothisuntil theproper292F.+or-temperatureisreached. 4) STABILIZING BLUING SOLUTION TEMPERATURE. When you startheatingtheBluingSolution,oneoftwothingswillhappen:(1) theBluingSolutiontemperaturewillreach292F.,withoutyethavingreachedavigorousrollingboil.Or,(2)theBluingSolutionwillboil vigorouslybelowtheoperatingtemperatureof292F. Insituation(1),whichiswhatusuallyhappens,youhavetoomuch BluingSaltsintheBluingSolutionratio.Tocure:simplyaddsmall amounts of additional water to the Bluing Solution to dilute the concentration of Bluing Salts and stabilize the boiling temperature at292F.IftheadditionofthewaterraisestheleveloftheBluing Solutiontoohighinthetank,leavingyoulessthan1"to112"between thetopoftheBluingSolutionandthelipofthetank,youwillhave todipoutexcessBluingsolutioninordertomakeroominthetank fortherequiredamountofwater.Theeasiestwaytodothisistodip theBluingSolutionoutwithyourstainlesssteeldipperintoaheavy, plasticbucketwithatightlid.Thisallowsyoutosaveittobeadded back into the Bluing Tank at a later date to replenish the Bluing Solutionlostthroughdrag-out. In situation (2), you have too much water in the Bluing Solution ratio.You have two cures:A)Allow the Bluing Solution to continue boiling until the temperature has risen to 292 F. For instance, if youmixtheBluingSolutionwitharatioofonegallonofwaterto10 poundsofBluingSalts,theBluingSolutionmayeasilybeginboiling at 265 F., and you may have to wait quite a while for the excess water to boil out and the temperature to rise and stabilize at the required292F.:B)AddenoughadditionalBluingSaltstotheBluing SolutiontoincreasetheBluingSalts-to-waterratiowhichwillpermit the temperatureto riseand stabilize at the required292 F. If the addition of the Bluing Salts raises the level of the Bluing Solution toohighinthetank,leavingyoulessthan1to112"betweenthetop of the Bluing Solution and the lip of the tank, you will have to dip TO MIX ONE GALLON* OF OXYNATE NO. 7 BLUING SOLUTION MIXING RATIO: 10poundsofOxynateNo.7to1gallon ofwater. YIELD: Approximately1.1gallonsofBluingSolutionby volume. OPERATING TEMPERATURE:Avigorousrollingboilfull lengthoftheBluingTankat292F. IMMERSION TIME: Maximum penetration is complete after30minutes.
*Note:You must multiply the formula for One Gallon by the number of gallons of Cleaning Solution you wish to make and put into your CleaningTank, [see 1) above].

TECHNICAL INFORMATION ON MIXING & USING OXYNATE NO. 7 BLUING SOLUTION

Mostoftherestoftheproblemswearecontactedaboutwithbluinghavetodowiththeproperoperationofthebath,andthewhole processoftemperaturecontrol,whichisdirectlytiedtotheconceptof supersaturation, the principle on which the Oxynate No. 7 Bluing solutionworks. Beforegoinganyfurther,itisquiteimportantthatyouunderstand thisprinciple.Allthemodernheatbathbluingsolutionsareoperated at what is known assupersaturation level. If you understand this one point, your handling of Oxynate No. 7 during the years to comewillbevastlysimplified-makingyouanexpertonthesubject -somethingwewantallBrownellCustomerstobe. SUPERSATURATION:ismosteasilyunderstoodbyanexample.Take acupofwater,putitinapanandplaceitonthestovewithoutheat. Now,startaddingplaintablesaltandstirring.Youwillfindthatyou canonlydissolvesomuchtablesaltinthewater.Ifyouturnonthe heat,youwilldiscoverthatasthewaterheatsup,moreandmoresalt canbedissolved.Asmoresaltdissolvesinthewater,theboilingpoint ofthesalt/watersolutiongoesupbeyond212F.,whichistheboiling pointofpurewateratsealevel.Thehotteryougetthesolution,the more salt you can dissolve in it, and the higher the temperature at whichitboils. This is supersaturation. If the salt/water solution is allowed to cool, the salt goes out of the solution as the temperature drops and settlestothebottomofthepanascrystals. Oxynate No. 7 operates in exactly the same manner. In order to get enough bluing chemicals into solution with water to turn the steelblue-blackincolorinsteadofsomeothercolor,thewaterhasto beheatedtomakemoreBluingSaltsgointothesolution.Whenthe level of supersaturation is such that the boiling point of the Bluing Salts/watersolutionis292F.,thesolutionhastheproperchemical balance of Bluing Salts and water to produce a blue-black colored finishonsteel.IftheboilingpointoftheBluingSalts/watersolution is much lower than 292 F., (remember, all temperatures are at sea levelforthisdiscussion!),agraycolorwilldeveloponthegun.Ifthe boilingpointgoesmuchabove292F.,(sayinthe300F.range),ared colordevelopsonthegun.Thisisnotrust,buttheresultoftoomuch concentrationofbluingchemicalsinthewater,whichproducesared colorinsteadofthedesiredblue-blackcolor. As you can see then, temperature control of the Bluing Bath is extremely critical. You actually use the boiling temperature (point) oftheBluingBathasyourgaugetotellyouwhetherthechemical concentrationsoftheBluingSaltsandwaterarecorrecttogiveyoua blue-blackcoloronthesteelyouputintotheBath.Ifyouscrewupon temperaturecontrol,youwilldefinitelynotgetthecolorsyouwant, or a blue job that is nowhere near the color and quality the Bluing Saltsareabletoproduce.Wewillcovertemperaturecontrolinmuch moredetailbelow. 1) DETERMINE THE SIZE TANKyouwishtouseandthevolumeof solution you wish to put into it. Calculate the volume capacity of a
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outexcessBluingSolutioninordertomakeroominthetankforthe requiredamountofBluingSalts.Theeasiestwaytodothisistodip theBluingSolutionoutwithyourstainlesssteeldipperintoaheavy, plasticbucketwithatightlid.Thisallowsyoutosaveittobeadded back into the Bluing Tank at a later date to replenish the Bluing Solutionlostthroughdrag-out. a) Measure out 312 quarts of cold water [See #3) above] and put intoBluingTank.DoNOTturnonheatsource. b) Slowly add 10 pounds, by weight, of Oxynate No.7tothecold water in the Bluing Tank. Stir as you add Bluing Salts. Continue
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stirring as Bluing Salts dissolve to speed action and remove any entrappedpocketsofcoldwaterthatcoulderuptfromheatgenerated by chemical reaction of the Bluing Salts and water. Repeat adding water and salts in this mixing ratio until the bath is at the proper level. c) Whenchemicalheatgenerationstops,turnonheatsource.Stir thebaththoroughlyeveryonetothreeminutesuntilthetemperature reaches292F.,orthebathshowsafull,heavyrollingboil,whichever comesfirst. d) Stabilizetemperatureat292F.[See#4)above].Stirthoroughly. Review4)StabilizingTemperaturesectionthoroughly.Verycritical. Youmustunderstandanddo-oryouwilldestroythisBluingBath! e) When the Bluing Solution is fully stabilized and boiling vigorouslythefulllengthoftheBluingTank,stirthoroughlyagain.(Ifyou arenotusingourPipeBurnerasyourheatsource,youmayhaveto adjusttheflameheightinordertoavoidcreatingtoovigorous,ortoo violent,aboilingaction.ShouldyourBluingSolutiontankbeboiling very violently with spitting and splattering of the Bluing solution, youwillhavetoturnthegasdownjustalittle.Besuretomaintaina vigorousrollingboil,however.Wehavemoreproblemswithoperators turningthegasdowntoofarandreducingthevigorous,rollingboil toaneasy,gentleboilthananyotherprobleminthebluingcycle.You simplywillnotgetthebestbluecolorpossiblewithaneasy,plopping, gentleboil,althoughyoumaygetacceptablecoloronsomemetals. 5) AMOUNT OF BLUING SALTS REQUIRED. A standard 6" x 6" x 40" Black Iron Bluing Tank filled to a depth of a little over 4" requiresapproximately35poundsofOxynateNo.7,leavingyoulittle forreplenishment.Therefore,werecommendyoupurchase2pailsof OxynateNo.7whenyoustartupyourbluingoperation. 6) TEMPERATURE CONTROL OF THE BLUING SOLUTION - The singlemostcommoncauseoftroubleforthebeginninggunblueris notunderstandingtheabsoluteimportanceofmaintainingtemperaturecontrol-andhowtodoit. Ifyoufullyunderstandtheprincipleofsupersaturationdescribed above, you will see that as the temperature of the Bluing Solution rises above 292 F., it can be brought down by adding water. If the temperatureistoolow(below292F.),itcanberaisedbackupto292 F.byallowingwatertoboiloutoftheBluingSolutionorbyadding moreBluingSaltstotheBluingSolution.Inotherwords,thekeyto temperaturecontrolintheBluingSolutionistocloselymonitorthe temperature and add water or Bluing Salts, or let water boil out to maintaintheoptimumoperatingconditionsofavigorous,rollingboil at292F. Because the Bluing Solution operates at a vigorous boil, which creates a lot of steam, it is constantly losing a lot of water, and the temperaturewillconsistentlyrise-unlessyoufrequentlyaddwater to the Bluing Solution. Therefore, ADDWATERFREQUENTLYTO THEBLUINGSOLUTION. If you do not, the temperature will rise, theBluingSolutionwillgooutofthecorrectchemicalbalancetoturn the guns blue-black, and will instead, at the higher temperatures, turnthepartsred,orshadesofred. DONOT: Do Not ever try to control the operating temperature of yourBluingSolutionbyjustturningtheheatsourceupordown. Temperature Adjustment For Altitude - The optimum operating temperature for an Oxynate No. 7 Bluing Solution is 292 F. at sea level,andaltitudesuptoabout4000feet.Customerexperiencehas shownthatatabout5000feet(Denver),theBluingSolutionoperates bestabout5F.lower,inthe287F.range.Higheraltitudesrequire lower temperatures, and the operating temperature can be lowered approximately1pereach1000to2000feetabove5000feet. 7) HOW TO ADD WATER TO THE BLUING SOLUTION - Water shouldbeaddedwithcaution.Itisbestaccomplishedbyusingalonghandleddipper;anold-fashionedporcelainenameldrinkingdipperis fine,asisourStainlessSteelDipper.DONOTuseplastic,aluminum orunknownalloys;theycandisappearintheBluingSolutionandkill itsabilitytoblueguns.ToaddwatertotheBluingSolution,fillthe dipperabout23fullofcleanwaterandimmerseitintheBluingTank nearoneenduntilthelipsofthedipperareflushwiththetopsurface oftheBluingSolution.Then,tippingthedipperbowltowardthenear endoftheBluingTank,graduallypourthewateroutofthebackof thedipper,atthesametimesweepingthedipperfull-lengthalongthe topoftheBluingSolution.PuttingwaterintotheBluingSolutionthis waywillavoidhotBluingSolutionflowingintothebowlofthedipper whichcancauseexcessivesplatteringanderuptions. DONOT:Havecoldwaterdrip"intotheBluingSolutionatoneend,
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or try to set up an automatic water replenishment system without firsthavingaknowledgeable,professional,manufacturingplantengineering department install a full-time automatic agitation/stirring system.AsthecoldwaterentersbelowthesurfaceofthehotBluing Solution,itisimmediatelysurroundedbysuper-heatedliquidwhich instantly changes that cold water into steam with a volume some 700timesthatofthewateritcamefrom.Thissteamhastoescape, andwilleruptviolently,frequentlyblowing"hotBluingSolutionall overtheoperatorandthebluingroom.Theindustrialhorrorstories of this happening are graphic and tragic. It is a stupid thing to do. DONTADDWATERWITHANAUTOMATICSYSTEM. 8) STIRRING THE BLUING SOLUTION -TheBluingSolutionmust bestirredtobreakitupatthebeginningofeachbluingsession,and it must be stirred frequently during the bluing cycle. Because the heatisappliedtothebottomoftheBluingSolutionTank,theBluing Solution naturally stratifies in the Bluing Tank into heat layers whichareseveraldegreeswarmeratthebottomjustabovetheheat sourcethantheyareatthetop.Astudydoneonthisunderverycontrolledlaboratoryconditionsshowedthatonlyaslittleas12"vertical distance was needed to get different temperature strata when the bath was not stirred.This could easily result in red color to appear on the bottom of a piece in the Bluing Tank, while further up the piece,thecorrectblue-blackcolorwasachieved.Therefore,STIRTHE BLUINGSOLUTIONFREQUENTLY - EVERY2TO3 MINUTES- ESPECIALLYWHENTHEREAREPARTSINTHEBLUINGTANK . In addition, agitate the barrels, actions, small parts baskets, etc., upanddownfrequently.Thisdoesnotreplacestirring;ithelpskeep fresh, active Bluing Solution on the surface of all the parts in the BluingSolutionTank.IfyoudonotStir&Agitate,expectdiscoloration,uneventemperatures,andsub-standardbluingjobs. 9) ADDING BLUING SALTS TO THE BLUING SOLUTION - When itisnecessarytoaddBluingSaltstotheBluingSolution,itshould be done between jobs when there are no parts in the BluingTank, oratthebeginningofthesessionwhentheBluingSolutionisbeing broughtuptooperatingtemperature.BluingSaltsgenerallyhaveto be added to replenish those that are dragged-out when guns and parts are removed from the Bluing Solution. Also, as Bluing Salts wearout,ordeplete,theymustbereplenished.And,whenthelevel oftheBluingSolutionintheBluingTankbecomestoolowtoproperly coverthepartsyouarebluing,orproperlycoverthestemofthethermometer,BluingSaltsmustbeadded. Finally,applyingtheprincipleofsupersaturation:Ifyoucanraise the temperature of the Bluing Solution by letting water boil out (which increases the Bluing Salts part of the Bluing Salts/water ratio), then it stands to reason that you can add additional Bluing Salts to the Bluing Solution and accomplish the same temperature rise.[See#4)above.] 10) RED SMUT AND BLACK SMUDGE -Bothoftheseproblemsare theresultofimproperoperatingprocedure.IftheBluingSolutionis allowedtogoover300F.,aredcoloringmayformonthesteel.Ifit goesabove310F.,aredsmutwillform.Thisisthenaturalresult ofthechemicalactionoftheBluingSalts/waterratiofoundatthese temperatures, and will not happen if you control the temperature correctly. A sort of black smudge may form on the steel if the Bluing Solutionisallowedtoboilinawild,andfartoovigorous,mannerat 292F.However,toomildaboilcancausegraystreaksandserious discoloration. Maintain a vigorous rolling boil (just below spitting level)thefulllengthoftheBluingTankatalltimes. 11) CLEANING THE BLUING SOLUTION AND BLUING TANK - After prolonged use, two very obvious things happen to the Bluing SolutionTankandtheBluingSolution: a) BluingSolutionissplatteredontheinsideedgesoftheBluing Tankandformsacrust.Plus,capillaryactionbringscoldBluing Solution up onto the sides of the BluingTank above the level of the Bluing Solution.This causes no harm, but is most unsightly andmessy.However,usuallyiftheseBluingSaltsarestillwhite incolor,theyarestillgoodandshouldnotnecessarilybecleaned offanddisposedof.IftheBluingSaltsonthesideofthetankare badly yellowed, or have turned brown or deep brick red in color, theymaybedepletedandshouldbecleanedoff.Toremove,wait untiltheBluingSolutioniscoldandhasstoodforaday,thenhold apieceofstiffcardboardovertheBluingSolutionandagainstthe sidesoftheBluingTank.Usingaputtyknife,scrapethecrustand crudoffontothecardboardanddisposeofitsafely. b) AstheOxynateNo.7BluingSolutionisused,finegranules
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orflakesofdepletedBluingSaltsformintheBluingSolutionand circulate through the Bluing Solution during operation.They do notaffectthebluingaction,buttheycertainlycanclogthescreens ofthePartsBasket,andpackinsidebarrels,smallmilled-outsectionsofframes,actionsandotherparts.Whenthisaccumulation ofdepletedBluingSaltsbecomesmoreproblemthanitisworthto cleanoutthepartsaftertakingthemoutoftheBluingSolution, we recommend the use of Bluing Solution Cleaner.This product suspendsthecrudandfloatsittothetopoftheBluingSolution whereitcanbeskimmedoffwithastraineranddisposedof. DONOT:Removethenormalcrustthatformsonthesurfaceofa cold Bluing Solution.These are good Bluing Salts and the usual way Bluing Salts get when cold. Leave it alone. Just be sure to breakitupeachtimebeforeturningontheheatundertheBluing Tank. Rust in your Bluing Tank will do no particular harm. For looks, however,whenyouhavedumpedtheBluingTanks,workthemover withastiffsteelbrushtocleanthemup.Undernocircumstancescoat theinsideofyourBluingorRinseTankswithanythingwhatsoever. Letthemrust...thepaintorrustinhibitoryouputonthatsurface willruinanybluingjobyoutrytorunthroughthosetanks! 12) COVER BLUING TANKS WHEN NOT IN USE - Keeping the BluingTankscoveredwhennotinuseisveryimportantforseveral reasons. In humid weather, the Bluing Salts in an uncovered cold Bluing Tank will draw moisture from the atmosphere. When you reheat the Bluing Tank, you will have to boil out the extra water gainedtogettheBluingSolutiontooperatingtemperature,andthis can take a long time. Worse yet, the moisture absorbed frequently bringswithitcarbondioxidefoundintheair,which,whencombined withthewaterintheBluingSolution,formscarbonicacidthatcan completelyneutralizeyourBluingSolutioninashorttime. Keeping the Bluing Tank covered also keeps general junk from fallingintotheBluingSolution,keepscatsandcrittersout,andpreventsthepossibilityofsomeoneaccidentallygettingintotheBluing Solution. Atop-quality,heavy-gaugesteelcoverwithanairtightrubbergasketisshowninthecatalogsectionoftheseinstructions. Agood,practicalcovercanbemadebyspreadingacoupleoflayers ofheavy6-milbuildersplasticoverthetopofthecoldBluingTank with a heavy piece of soft fiberboard or similar material laid over that.Overthefiberboard,placeanoversizedpieceof34"plywoodand weighthewholeworksdownwithacoupleofcementblockstohelp getatightsealonthetopedgeoftheBluingTank.Thetighterthe seal,thegreaterthechancesofcontrollingtheunwantedcontamination. (Note: While the Bluing Tank is being operated, the carbonic acidthatformsisabsorbedbythesteamgeneratedbythevigorously boilingBluingSolution,andiscarriedoffintotheairwithnoharm totheBluingSolution.) 13) STORING THE BLUING SOLUTION - LeavetheBluingSolution intheBluingTank-andcoveritasdescribedabove.Itwillneither attack the metal the Bluing Tank is made of, nor be affected by constant exposure to the Bluing Tank. The Bluing Solution should alwaysbecoveredafteritiscooleddown,[See#12)above]. 14) STORING NEW, UNUSED OXYNATE NO. 7 - Wedonotrecommendlong-periodstorageofunusedOxynateNo.7unlessthestorage container is completely and totally airtight. If protracted storage is expected, the Oxynate No. 7 Bluing Salts should be put inside a plasticcontainer(notleftinthemetalshippingbucket),sealedtight, andthiscontainerplacedinsideametalcontainerthatcanbetightly sealed.Allmustbeairtight.Storeinanareathathasaconstanttemperaturefromsummertowinter,anddonotsetdirectlyonaconcrete floor.Youwanttoavoidcoolingandheatingofthesealedcontainersto preventthemleakingair,andwhenthetemperaturechanges,suckinginairandatmosphericmoisture.Thisleadstocarbonicacidformation,andtheeventualneutralizationorkillingofthenew,unused saltsjustfromsittingaround. It is better not to buy Bluing Salts unless you are going to use themsoon. 15) WHEN TO DISPOSE OF A BLUING SOLUTION - Under normal operatingconditions,yourBluingSolutionwillstarttoshowafaint redcastwhenitisstartingtowearout.Also,youwillnoticethatit takeslongerthanusualforaguntotakeontheexpectedbeautiful, deep, blue-black color. Addition of fresh Oxynate No. 7 to a Bluing Solutionthathasalreadytakenonaredcastisnotrecommendedas theBluingSolutiongenerallyisalreadypastsaving.However,itmay be worth trying to clean the Bluing Solution with Bluing Solution
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Cleaner. If it removes the red cast, you can re-build the Bluing Solution with the addition of fresh Oxynate No. 7. If the red color remains,theBluingSolutionprobablyisnotsalvageable. Because the life of a Bluing Solution varies greatly from shop to shop, depending on a whole lot of variables, the best answer is to disposeoftheBluingSolutionwhenitquitsbluing! DONOT:disposeoftheBluingSolutionjustbecausetheliquidportionhastakenonareddishcolor.Manyareasofthecountryhaveiron orothermetallicionsinthewaterthatturntheBluingSolutionreddish without affecting its operation.WHENTHEBLUINGSOLUTI ONISBRICKRED-ANDSTOPSBLUINGCORRECTLY-ITISDE ADANDSHOULDBEDISPOSEDOFPROPERLY. UNTILTHEN, KEEPUSINGIT;DONTFIXWHATAINTBROKE! DONOT: dispose of Oxynate No. 7 Bluing Solution carelessly. Carefully read and understand the complete, detailed instructions for neutralizing and proper disposal included separately with this BluingInstructions&SuppliesBookletandeverycanofOxynateNo. 7.Ifyouhavemislaidthesedisposalinstructions,contactBrownells foranotherset.

TECHNICAL INFORMATION ON SETTING UP & USING WATER DISPLACING OIL

The OilTank is the final step in the bluing operation, and one of themostcriticalifyourbluingjobistolastonceitisreturnedtothe customer.WehighlyrecommendWaterDisplacingOilastheoilyou usebecauseitisformulatedtoactuallyremoveallthewateronthe bluedparts,moleculebymolecule,andreplaceitwiththeoil;hence the nameWater Displacing Oil. In addition,Water Displacing Oil helpsneutralizeanyBluingSolutionresiduethatmaystillbeonthe metal,andgivesanamazinglytough,rust-resistantfinishtothenew blue.Also,pure,non-additive,non-detergentmineraloilcanbeused, andmustbeusedoverPro-Sheen.OilingisdonefollowingtheFinal HotWaterRinsetogivethebestprotectiontothefinishedgun. For the dry and shiny look preferred by some shooters and hunters,youcanusePro-Sheen,ahard,dry,waxfinishthathasamazing affinity for sticking on metal.This product is fully discussed in the ChemicalsYouMightWantToUsesection,page5. DONOT: #1) DoNotheatthetankofoil.Wedontcarewhotoldyou tousehotoil,youreadamnfoolabouttoburndownyourshopif youheatatankofanyoilyoucanconceivablybuyontheindustrial orcommercialmarket.DONTDOIT! Water Displacing Oil must be used at room temperature. It MUSTNOTBEHEATEDforanyreason,atanytime,ever!Ithasa flashpointof150F.,veryclosetothatofkerosene.Otheroilsarenot intendedtobeheatedbyanoutsideheatsourceeither,andshouldnot be.Evenquenchingoils,whichhaveahigherflashpoint,anddonot flamewhenonlysmallquantitiesofheatedmetalsareplungedinto alarge,coldvolumeofthem,willignitewhenheatedbyanoutside source. DONOT: #2) Do Not use any of the new exotic rust removing oils (those highly touted ones in the magazines) on brand-new bluing, because these oils see the bluing as surface rust, and try to penetrateandremoveit.Theypartiallysucceed,whichlightensthe color of the new bluing by removing some of it.They also generally streak,stainanddamagenewbluinguntilithassetupthoroughly. EspeciallyavoidWD-40onvirginbluing.Afterthebluinghascured forafewdays,itisthenperfectlysafeandadvisabletousethemodernwonderoils,ifyouwish. DONOT: #3) Do Not lay guns or parts on the bottom of theWater DisplacingOilTank.Asthewaterisremovedfromtheguns,itsettles tothebottomofthetankwiththeWaterDisplacingOilfloatingon topofit.Useracksinthetanktokeepthegunsoffthebottom.Many 'smithsinstallaradiatordraincockinthebottomoftheiroiltanksto periodicallydrainoffthelargequantitiesofwaterthataccumulate. DONOT: #4) Do Not try to save the used up remains of Water Displacing Oil when it gets too thick and solidified for efficient use.Consideritusedup,andreplacewithnew.Tryingtosaveitby diluting with solvents will change the predictability of penetration andprotection. After immersion, the guns and parts are set on a wire mesh-bottomed shelf directly above the OilTank so the extra oil drips back intothetank.KeeptheOilTanktightlycoveredwhennotinuse,and keepawayfromopenflames.

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TECHNICAL INFORMATION ON THE OXYNATE NO. 7 BLUING SOLUTION PROCESS

OPERATING INSTRUCTIONS
The following information is included here before we get into the actualoperationoftheOxynateNo.7BluingSolutiontosaveyoulots ofgriefandmistakes.Ifyoubluedlongenough,youwouldprobably findoutallofthesethingsthroughexperience;butwethinkthemore knowledgeableyouarebeforeyoustart,themoreproficientyouwill bewithyourfirstjob,andthemoresatisfactoryandsatisfyingbluing will be for you. For many more Kinks on bluing - far too many to includeinabookletofinstructions-besuretoorderVolumeI,Volume II,Volume III andVolume 4 of Gunsmith Kinks which include the suggestionsandfindingsofgunsmithstheworldover. 1) BLUING ALUMINUM, BRASS AND STAINLESS STEEL - DONOTattempttoblueanyaluminumorbrassparts,includingbut notlimitedto,chokes,sights,ribs,frames,orgunparts.TheOxynate No.7BluingSolutionwillimmediatelydissolvethem,andthenowdissolvedaluminumwillcompletelyruinthebluingbathforuseon othergunsbecausethedissolvedaluminumisfalse-platedontothe gunmetalintheformoflotsandlotsoflittlerandom,white,silver grayspotsthathavetobepolishedofftoberemoved.Thisalsohappenswithallnon-ferrousmetals,pot-metalsandtheiralloys. StainlessSteelwillnotturnbluecolorintheOxynateNo.7Bluing Solution.We recommend Oxynate No. 84 for bluing Stainless Steel partsandmostcastirongunparts.PleasecontactusfortheOxynate No.84Instructions;itgivesexcellentresults. 2) FOAMING OF THE BLUING SOLUTION - The newly mixed Oxynate No. 7 Bluing Solution may foam the first time or two it is usedifyouhaveawaterconditionthathasslightlycontaminatedthe BluingSolution.Foamingisnotexpected,norisitconsiderednormal, butitsometimeshappens.CheckthesectionTechnicalInformation onWaterQualityandpossiblyuseadifferentwatersource.Foaming thatstartsunexpectedlyduringlaterbluingoperationsmayindicate that you have put an aluminum or pot metal piece into the Bluing Solution, in which case the Bluing Bath and the parts are being ruined. Remove all metal from the Bluing SolutionTank and check immediately. When foaming does occur during the first runs of the new tank, and you have eliminated the possibility of aluminum or pot metal causing it, stir the bath vigorously, let the crud/foam form on the topoftheBluingSolutionandskimitofffordisposal.Generally,the foaming will stop soon, and you can go ahead with the bluing. It is not advisable to place guns in the BluingTank when it is foaming heavily, because of the likelihood there is serious contamination of the Bluing Solution occurring that might damage the guns you put intothetank. 3) DONT PLUG THE BORES -Testswererunbythegovernment at the Rock Island Arsenal several years ago on a series of blued borestocomparethemtounbluedbores.Withthishotbluingsolution methodofgunbluing,itwasfoundthatthebluedboresgavelonger barrel life and better muzzle pressures - very slight, of course, but itprovesthereisnoneedtoplugtheboresofbarrelsbeingbluedto protect them. Furthermore, modern caustic Bluing Solutions operateatsuchsuperheatedtemperaturesthattheyrapidlyexpandthe air trapped in the barrels causing the plugs to blow out with very explosive results, splattering hot caustic Bluing Solution over you and the shop. PLUGGING THE BORES IS VERY DANGEROUS. DONTDOIT! 4) DISASSEMBLE THE GUN COMPLETELY - Before bluing, the gun should be completely disassembled; any part that can come off should be removed. Parts may actually corrode together if left in place,andbecauseofthehighoperatingtemperature,springsleftin the gun may easily have their temper ruined. You want to present yourcustomerwithaclean,functioninggun,justlike,orbetterthan, new. The only way to accomplish this is by complete disassembly. (Note: In many cases it is quite permissible and usual to leave the rifle,shotgunorrevolverbarrelattachedtoitsaction.) 5) BLUING CAST IRON GUNS -Frequently,cheap,singleordoublebarrelshotguns,dresser-drawerpistolsandsomeearly-modelrifle framesweremadefromcastiron,orattheveryleast,steelswhose actual content and parentage was greatly in question. Generally, thesebluetosomeextent,butalmostuniversallytakeonared/purple
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colorthatismostunacceptabletoyouandyourcustomers.Oxynate SwasdevelopedtobeaddedtotheOxynateNo.7BluingSolution tohelpcombatthisred/purplecolor,andgiveyouamoreacceptable blue/black color. In addition, Oxynate No. 84 Bluing Salts, while developedforbluingStainlessSteel,haveproventodoaremarkable jobofbluingcastironandotherquestionablesteels.Wehighlyrecommendeitherproduct. Note:Frequently,alower-pricedgunthatiscasehardened,orcolorcasehardenedratherthanblued,isanindicationthatthegunmight bemadefromcastiron.Watchfortheseinyourbluing,andbepreparedtohavetodotheextrastepstokeepthemfromturningred. 6) BLUING COLOR-CASEHARDENED GUNS - Casehardening mustberemovedbeforebluing,becauseifyouattempttoblueframes orpartsthathavebeencasehardenedwithoutfirstcompletelypolishingandbuffingoffthecasehardening,thegunmaycomeoutofthe Bluing Solution with a heavy, tough, green or yellow scum on the surfaceofthecasehardenedpartsiftheunderlyinggunwassteel.If gunwascastiron,thescumordiscolorationwillprobablybemottled red/purple. You can identify casehardening on the surface of the gun by its typical mottled gray/blue color. If the colors have worn off, you will beabletotellitiscasehardenedwhenyoustarttopolishitonyour buffingwheels.And,youwillbeabletotell,too,whenyouhavepolished through the casehardened surface by the changed look of the metal.Casehardenedmetalpolishesbrightandslick.Asyoupolish through the casehardening, the metal surface takes on a normal polishedappearance.Onceyouvedoneit,youwillseeexactlywhat wemean.Also,experiencewillteachyouwhichgunsyoucanexpect tobecasehardened. Oxynate S in the Bluing Solution, along with proper and complete polishing, helps ensure an excellent bluing job on previouslycasehardenedsurfaces.CAUTION:PROPERANDCOMPLETE REMOVALOFTHECASEHARDENEDSURFACEBYPOLISHING ISVITAL. WehavealsodiscoveredthatOxynateNo.84didanexcellentjob ofbluinganoldcasehardenedSavageModel311withoutanyextracarefulpolishingoffoftheoldcasehardening.Wejustcleanedupthe surface,knockedoffthecolorofthecasehardening,andblueditin OxynateNo.84.Cameoutgreat! 7) TWO-TONE FINISHES - Some guns are duplex-hardened or have other special treatment of the metal on a single piece. The slide on the Colt 1911Auto is a classic example.When this slide is removedfromtheBluingSolution,rinsedandthenexaminedunder abrightlight,theareaaroundtheslidestopnotchandthefrontof theslidewillbeofaslightlydifferentcolortonethanthebalanceof theslide.Frequently,ifthesepartsareleftintheBluingSolutionfor an additional 30 minutes, the color match throughout the part will improve.Also, when they have been oiled and allowed tocure for severaldays,theslightdifferenceincolorwillpracticallydisappear. This two-toning happens on several guns on the market, so dont panicwhenyourunintoit. 8) BLUING DOUBLE BARREL SHOTGUNS OR GUNS WITH SOFT SOLDERED RIBS - We recommend that you dont do it in OxynateNo.7BluingSalts.WedorecommendyouuseDicropanIM forDoubles,theinstructionsforwhicharegivenlater. TheprobleminbluingwithOxynateNo.7istwo-fold:First,theair trappedbetweenthebarrelsbythesoldered-inribwillexpandwhen thebarrelsareplacedinthesuperhotBluingSolution,andwillfind aweakpointinthesolderingandblow-outapinhole,orseveralpin holes,toreleasetheairpressure.Oncetheairisblownout,hotBluing Solutionisdrawninandoutofthecavitybythetemperaturechanges intheBluingSolution.SomeofthisBluingSolutionstaystrappedin thecavityevenafterthebarrelsarerinsedandoiled. Second, the Bluing Solution now trapped between the barrels reactschemicallywiththesoftsolderandweakensittothepointthat itallowstheribsandthebarrelstoseparate.Thiscanhappenwhile the barrels are still in the Bluing Solution, or several days/weeks later.However,ifyouaredeterminedtodoit,wehaveincludedthe instructionshere.Rememberthewarningsgivenaboveandgivethem heed-ifyoutrytoblueenoughdoublesinOxynateNo.7oranyboilingcausticsolution,youwilleventuallyhaveproblems! 1) Removethefrontsight.Drillandtapaholeinthetoprib where a rear sight will go after the bluing job is completed. (We aredrillingtheholefordrainageandpressurerelease,notbecause a rear sight has anything to do with making the bluing work! Chargethecustomerfortherearsightwhenyouinstallit.) 2) Immediatelyunderthefrontsight,inthebottomrib,drilla #31holeandtapfora6x48plugscrew.Immediatelyinfrontofthe watertable,closetothetake-downlug,drillasecond#31holeand
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tapforanother6x48plugscrew.Besurethesetwobottomholes aredrilledintothevoidbetweentheribsandthebarrels. 3) Polishandcleanthebarrelsintheusualmanner. 4) When you are ready to put the barrels into the Oxynate No.7BluingSolution,itisimportantthatyouskimoffasmuch crudanddepletedsaltsandscumaspossible.Werecommendthat youusetheBluingSolutionCleanerifyourBluingSolutionisold enoughanddirtyenough.Wedonotrecommendthatyouuseiton arelativelynewBluingSolutionbecauseitwillclean,bydarn, whetherthereiscrudtocomeoutornot,andifthereisnocrud,it willtakeoutgoodsalts. 5) Add Oxynate S to the Bluing Solution to ensure proper blackening of the ribs. Follow the instructions for Oxynate S exactlytoavoiddamagingyourBluingSolution. 6) OperatetheOxynateNo.7BluingSolutionatitscustomary vigorouslyrollingboilat292F. ThebarrelsmustbeslidrapidlyintothebathwithbothbarrelsparalleltothetopoftheBluingSolutionandoneendslightly higher than the other for the air in the barrels to escape safely. Use4Zhandles-twooneachend-tobesuretohavepositive controloverthebarrels.Thisisimportant,forputtingthebarrels inedgewisecouldeasilyresultinthermostatwarpingofthebarrelsand/orpoppingoffoftheribs. 7) LeaveinBluingSolution15to20minutesONLY. 8) Transfer barrels to Hot Water Rinse Tank by passing the After-Bluing Cold Water Rinse Tank. Stand barrels on one end, then on the other repeatedly, letting the water drain out of the holes you drilled through the ribs into the cavity between the barrels.ContinuethisstepforseveralminutesintheHotWater Tank. 9) Transfer the barrels to theAfter-Bluing ColdWater Rinse Tankandrepeatthisend-for-endrinsinganddrainingprocessfor severalmoreminutes. 10) TransferbacktoHotWaterRinseTankandrepeat. 11) Often, cold water under very low pressure is squirted through these holes. (Do Not use high pressure water; a fine streamunderhighpressurewillbuildupenoughhydraulicpressureinthecavitytoblowtheribs!) 12) Whenyouaresurethevoidsbetweenthebarrelsareclean, andthatallBluingSolutionhasbeenrinsedout,returnthebarrels to the Hot Water Rinse for one last time to get the barrels hot.Remove,shakeoffwater,andblowlowpressureairthrough the holes to ensure thorough drying in the cavity between the barrels. 13) Suspend in Water Displacing Oil Tank overnight; remove andallowtocureforafewdaysbeforeassembling. 14) Remember, you are doing this technique at your own risk -proceedwithduecaution! 9) DO NOT USE CYANIDE IN THE BLUING SOLUTION - Cyanide isadeadlypoison.Someoftheearlyinstructionsforbluingsuggested itsuse.WecategoricallyDO NOT.Stayawayfromthestuff. 10) NUMBER OF GUNS PER BATCH OF BLUING SOLUTION Unfortunately,theanswerdependsonyou,andhowyouoperateyour BluingSolution.Inuse,100poundsofsteelrunthroughthesolution and colored to a rich blue/black will deplete the solution less than 1%.So,iftheBluingSolutionisoperatedatthecorrecttemperature, well regulated and under controlled supervision, it will blue many, manyguns. Therearemanyfactorsthatcanworkagainstthelonglifeofyour Bluing Solution, however. The following are the primary ones, and shouldbereviewedfirstifyourBluingSolutionseemstodepletetoo rapidly. 1) Occasional use of the Bluing Solutions with long periods of sittingidleuntilthenextuse,areactuallyhardontheusefullife oftheBluingSolution.WereyoutooperateyourBluingSolution onafulltimebasis,leavingitonallthetimeasthebigcommercial operationsdo,youwouldget many timeslonger BluingSolution life.However,thisisnotpractical,norcosteffective.Therefore,we wouldrecommendgangingyourbluingjobsasmuchaspossible formaximumcostefficiencyandbestBluingSolutionlife. 2) ThewaterusedtomixtheBluingSolutioncanhaveavery serious effect on its useful life. Be sure to review the Technical Information onWater Quality.Water contamination could easily bedramaticallyshorteningthelifeofyourBluingSolution,andis oneofthemostfrequentcausesofshortenedBluingSolutionlife wefindwhenworkingwithcustomers. 3) ThecarryoverofCleaningSolutionintotheBluingSolution can rapidly shorten the life of the Bluing Solution. The After Cleaning RinseTank is very critical. It should be a top overflow
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tanksothewaterinitiskeptclean,andthesurfaceofthewater keptcleanoffloatingcrud. 4) ContaminationcankillyourBluingSolution.Didyoutryto blue aluminum or pot-metal? Have you broken a mercury thermometer in the Bluing Solution? Are your bluing tanks welded (notbrazed)blackiron?Hasalotofdirtandforeignmattersettled into the Bluing Solution while you were storing it between uses becauseyoudidnotcoveritcorrectly?Hasthetankstoodalong timewithoutuse,eventhocovered,whichcouldleadtocarbolic acidneutralization? 5) Temperaturecontrolisextremelycritical,andcanshowupin seldomthoughtofways.A)Doyoubreakupthechunkswellinthe bottomofthetankbeforeturningontheheateachtimeyoustart upthetanktoavoidtrappingheatunderthecrust?B)Doyoustir theBluingSolutionoftenandwellduringheatupandusetoavoid heatpockets?C)Doyouaddwaterregularlytoreplacethatlost assteam,andtokeeptheBluingSolutiontemperaturefromrising abovetheoptimumoperatingtemperatureof292F.? As you can see, there are many more things that can cause your BluingSolutiontodepletealotfasterthanjustbluing. 11) WHEN RE-STARTING TANK, BREAK UP CRUST IN BOTTOM OF TANK -After the first time you mix up a Bluing Solution, use it andletitcooldown,ahardcrustofsettledBluingSaltswillformin thebottomofyourBluingTank,andathinnercrustofhardcrystallizedBluingSaltswillformacrossthetop.Bothofthesecrustsmust bebrokenupwitharodintosmallchunksbeforeturningontheheat sourceunderyourBluingTank.Ifthecrustsarenotbrokenup,two thingshappen.First,steamformsbetweenthebottomoftheBluing Tankandthebottomcrust,andwhenthepressuregetshighenough, iterupts,spewinghotBluingSolutionandsuperheatedsteamoutof theBluingTankandoverthebluingroom.Second,becausetheheat istrapped,theBluingSolutionwillgetverymuchhotterattheinterfacebetweenthecrustsandthebottomoftheBluingTankthanthe correctoperatingtemperatureof292F.,andmaycauseaheatkill of the semi-liquid Bluing Solution below the crusts, and the Bluing Saltsinthecrusts. 12) STIR, AGITATE, AND STIR AGAIN - Stir the Bluing Solution thoroughly, and verify that the Bluing Solution is boiling vigorouslyat292F.WhenyouarestartinguptheBluingTankforeach bluing session, we strongly recommend that you run a test piece completelythroughyourbluingoperationtobesurethateverything -from909CleaningSolutionTanktoOxynateNo.7BluingSolution Tank-isoperatingcorrectly.Whenyouaresatisifiedthatalliswell, and immediately before transferring the guns to the Bluing Tank, stirtheBluingSolutionthoroughlyagain,andverifyonceagainthat theBluingSolutionisboilingvigorouslyat292F.Whenplacingthe SmallPartsBasketintotheBluingSolutionTank,diptheSmallParts BasketintotheBluingSolution,jigglingitupanddownseveraltimes toensurefullcoverageoftheparts,andsuspendthebasketfromthe lipoftheBluingTank.BarrelsshouldbeslidintotheBluingSolution lengthwiseusingZhooksdescribedbelow,andwhentheyarecoveredbytheBluingSolution,theyshouldbetippedwithintheBluing Solution from time to time, as well as moved often on the holding racks.AssoonasallpartsareintheBluingSolution,stirtheBluing Solution often with long movements, being sure to keep the Bluing SolutionthoroughlystirredthroughoutthewholeBluingTank.Move the Small Parts Basket every few minutes to ensure full contact of allpartsinitwithBluingSolution.Barrelsandactionssuspendedon hangersshouldbemovedfrequently,too,forthesamereason. Keep an eye on the thermometer and the operating temperature. Besuretostir,checkthetemperature,andaddwaterasneededevery fewminutestomaintainavigorousrollingboilat292F. 13) SUSPEND PARTS IN TANK -Partsshouldbesuspendedinthe BluingSolutionbecausecontactwiththeedgesorbottom/sidesofthe tankwillcauseexcessiveheatconductionintothepartatthatpoint. Now,beingtoohotatthepointofcontacttoturnblueintheBluing Solution, the part or contact point turns red (the color metal turns in the Oxynate No. 7 Bluing solution when either the metal or the BluingSolutionistoohot).Thisisthereasonbarrelsoractionslaid directlyonthebottomofthetankgetanunexplainedredstreakon thecontactside.Definitelyundesirableandtobeavoided. There are undoubtedly a number of acceptable ways to suspend gunsandtheirpartsintheBluingSolution.Thepointofanymethod is tokeep the parts fromtouching the BluingTankinanyway.For theseinstructions,welldiscuss2commonmethods.Youmaywellend upusingacombinationofthese,aswedo. METHOD 1) Basket, Racks and Z Hooks - For handguns, receivers and the like, use Parts Baskets which you suspend
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fromthesidesofthetankorholdabovethebottomofthetank by putting large bolt and washer lugs in each corner of the Basket.Installablack-iron,screen-wirelinerinaPartsBasket tocontainthemanypins,screwsandsmallpartstobeblued. Forbarrelsandbarreledactions,make2,big,flat-bottomed Usoutofmildweldingrod,beingsuretoremoveanyplating orcoveringontherod.LeavethelegsoftheUlong,andbend hooksintheendsofthelegstohookoverthesidesofthetank, suspendingtheflat-bottomedpartoftheUaninchfromthe bottom of the BluingTank.TheseUs should be removable, andkeptoutoftheBluingTankandoutofthewaywhenthey are not needed.When hung in the BluingTank, be sure they arecloseenoughtogethertosupportthebarrels.

areusingaseparate,After-BluingColdWaterRinseTankthatonly haspartsfromtheBluingTankputintoit.Ifyouareusingonlyone ColdWaterRinseTankafterbothCleaningandBluing,youmaywell contaminatethefreshlybluedpartswithcrudstillinthewaterfrom thecleaningcycle.Itsrare,butwevehadreportsofit,andyoushould becautious,andreplacethewaterintheColdWaterRinseTankwith fresh water after you have finished rinsing following Cleaning, and beforerinsingfollowingBluing. 15) REMOVING PARTS FROM THE BLUING SOLUTION -Afterthe parts have remained in the Bluing Solution for approximately 2030 minutes, and the color is satisfactory following inspection, they shouldbeimmediately,carefully,plungedintotheAfter-BluingCold WaterRinseTank. DONOT: delay transferring parts from the Bluing Tank to the After-Bluing ColdWater RinseTank. Do Not stop to examine parts during the transfer. If the hot Bluing Solution dries on the surface ofthebluedsteelitformsthesamehardandtenaciousscumand waterspotsdiscussedin#13)above.OnceintheAfter-BluingCold WaterRinseTank,agitateandswishthepartsaroundthoroughlyto remove all traces of Bluing Solution, taking particular care to completelycleantherecessedareas.Donottouchthebluingorhandleit roughly,foritisstillquitetenderuntilithastimetocure. After the parts are cooled down in the After-Bluing Cold Water Rinse Tank, they can be safely taken out and closely examined for qualityofthebluing.Donottouchthenewbluing.Duringexamination,ifyoukeepthemetalwetitmakesthebluingjoblookasitwill after final oiling, and the bad spots show up easier. When you are usingatop-overflowAfter-BluingColdWaterRinseTank,sothecrud andBluingSolutionyourinsedoffhavebeenwashedoutofthetank, partscanbesafelytransferredbackintotheBluingSolutionforadditionaltime,ifdesired,withoutcontaminatingthesurfaceofthemetal andpossiblycausingspotstoshowuplater. 16) DO NOT USE MODERN/MIRACLE RUST PREVENTIVE OILS BEFORE OR IMMEDIATELY AFTER BLUING - Gun oils containing silicone and the new wonder rust-preventive, moisture-removing, dirt-removinggunoilsdoagreatjobofkeepinggunsinbeautifulcondition.However,becausetheseexoticoilsarespecificallydesigned topreventanyforeignmaterialfromcontactingorchangingthesurfaceofthemetaltheyareon,theyseeBluingSolutionasasurface contaminant/rustandpreventitfromcoloringthesteel.Theyshould notbeusedonagunthathasjustbeenpolishedandiswaitingtobe blued.Attheveryleast,theseoilscausestreaking/discolorationinthe bluing.Attheworst,themetaljustwillnotblue,andwillhavetobe extensivelyrepolished. Before repolishing, however, try removing the exotic oils and siliconesinasoakingbathofTCECleanerDegreaserorsimilarchlorinated-hydrocarbon solvent. Experience has shown they are often notcompletelyremovedbyDicro-Clean909CleaningSolutionorany othertypicalbluingsystemcleaner. Iftheseexoticoilsareappliedtofreshly-bluedguns,theywillusuallystreakandlightenthenewblue,particularlyifyoutrytowipe offtheexcessoil.WD-40isoftenreportedtousbycustomersasbeing themostoftenusedexoticoilthatcausesproblems.However,none ofthemaresafeuntilatleast4daysafterthebluingjobhascured; eventhen,wedontusethemourselves.BrownellsWaterDisplacing Oilisoneofthefinestrustinhibitorsandsurfaceprotectorsavailable onthemarket;whytakechanceswithanewly-bluedgun? 17) COLOR BLENDING -Togetthebestpossiblecolorinthenewly oiledbluing,ruballthegunsdownthenextdayaftertheyareoiled, withacheap,brown,papertowel-thekindusedinschoollavatories thatcantaketheskinoffyourhandsifyourubhardenough.Polish thegunsasthoyouwerepolishingthefamilysilver.Ifthecolorofthe bluinglooksalittleuneven,warmthegunoveracleanheatsource (like the pipe burner) until it is almost too hot to handle without gloves.Coatitliberallywithapure,lightweight,mineraloil(fromthe drugstoreorusePro-TekOil).Thensetthegunasideovernight.The nextmorning,rubitdownwiththerough,brown,papertowels,using thesamepolishingthefamilysilvertechnique. This really blends the streaks caused by variations in the metal andgivesthebluingjobamile-deeplook.Bytheway,thisprocedure wontworkifyouusegoodqualityorsoft,papertowels;ithastobe donewiththecoarse,brownones.

To handle barrels and actions in the different tanks, make yourselfsomeZ-shapedhangersoutofsmalldiameter,mild welding rod, being sure to remove any plating or covering on therod.ThebottomlegoftheZslipsintothebarrel,andthe top leg makes a convenient handle.The top and bottom limb should be about 3" to 4" long; the center leg at least 7" to 8" long. METHOD 2) BlackIronWireHangers-Allpartsthatarelarge enough to be individually hung from black iron wire can be suspended in the Bluing Solution on hanging loops. Because thewireissoftandeasilyformed,itisquiteeasytouse,andto makeintojustaboutanyhangingrigwanted. With the Continuous Loop method, a loop of black iron wireisthreadedthrough an openinginthe part andthe two ends are twisted together.The Loop is used to move the part around;agitateitupanddown;placeitontheracks,intothe basketsandsoon. With the T-handle method, a length of wire is threaded through the part, for instance a barrel, and each end is wrappedaroundaseparatewooddowel,pieceofweldingrod, scrap barrel or the like, that is at least 3"-4" longer than the widthofthetank.Eachendoftheblackironwireiswrapped tightly enough around the handles to keep it from slipping, andthelengthofthewireisadjustedduringthewrappingto permittheparttohangatthecorrectdepthintheBluingTank withtheT-handleslyingacrossthetopofthetank,suspendingthepart.Then,usingbothhands,oneoneachT-handle, the parts are readily maneuvered around in the tanks and betweenthetanks. 14) INSPECTING PARTS DURING BLUING - Because the Bluing Solution operates at such a high temperature, and the metal gun parts get so hot in it, the Bluing Solution will evaporate almost instantly on the hot metal surface when parts are taken out of the Bluing Solution for inspection, forming very hard and tenacious scumandwaterspots.Thesecanonlyberemovedbyrubbingout withsteelwoolafterbluingiscompleted,or,inseverecases,byrepolishingandrebluing.Toavoidthisproblem,pullthepartsveryquickly fromtheBluingSolution,plungingthemrightintothetop-overflow After-BluingColdWaterRinseTankuntiltheycooldownenoughthat thewaterdoesnotevaporateonthesurfaceofthemetal. Be very careful when putting barrels, magazine tubes and so on into the After-Bluing Cold Water Rinse Tank to be sure that you slide them into the tank with an open end of the barrel or tube up andpointedawayfromtheoperator.Becauseoftheextremeheatof themetal,steamwillfrequentlyforminsidethebarrelortubewhich canblowout the open end onto the operator.When the parts have cooleddown,youcantheninspectandexamineallyoulikewithout damage to the part. If you feel more bluing time is necessary, you can put the parts you have inspected back into the Bluing Solution with no problem, PROVIDED you have: 1) used a top-overflowing, After-BluingColdWaterRinseTanksothecrudandBluingSolution youhavewashedoffpartshavebeenrinsedoutofthetankor,2)you
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OXYNATE NO. 7
STEP-BY-STEP BLUING PROCEDURE
1
SUSPEND PARTS IN FRESH 909 CLEANING SOLUTION to remove all dirt, grease oil and crud. Cleanliness is Next to Godliness - Always! Operating Temperature: 180 F Immersion Time: 10-1 minutes. .

2
RINSE CLEANED PARTS in flowing Cold Water Rinse Tank. Scrub parts thoroughly with soft brush to remove all traces of Dicro-Clean 909 Cleaning Solution. Work rapidly. Immersion Time: Not to exceed 2 to 3 minutes.

3
SUSPEND RINSED PARTS IN THE OXYNATE NO. 7 BLUING SOLUTION. Optimum Operating Temperature: Vigorous rolling boil at 292 F Typical . Time in Bluing Solution: 20-30 minutes.

4
RINSE BLUED PARTS in After-Bluing Cold Water Rinse Tank. Agitate and swish parts around thoroughly to remove all traces of Bluing Solution. When parts have cooled to room temperature in the cold water, carefully examine for blemishes, discolorations, flaws in bluing.


SUSPEND RINSED PARTS IN HOT WATER TANK to remove all final traces of Bluing Solution/Salts. Operating Temperature: Vigorous boil. Immersion Time: -10 minutes for simple parts; 1-30 minutes for complex parts. (Some water sources damage/lighten/remove new bluing with long immersion. Watch carefully. Review Technical Info in Water Quality, page 6.)

 or

A
SUSPEND RINSED PARTS IN B.O.N. TANK instead of Hot Water Rinse Tank. Mixing: 6 oz. (by weight) to 1 gallon water. Operating Temperature: 130 to 140 F. Immersion Time: With intermittent agitation, 30-4 minutes. Transfer to Hot Water Tank and complete Step .

6
SUSPEND HOT RINSED PARTS IN WATER DISPLACING OIL. Transfer the parts quickly to Water Displacing Oil Tank and plunge into tank, agitating vigorously for a minute or so. Allow parts to cool immersed in the Water Displacing Oil. Use full strength. Operating Temperature: Room Temperature; recommended 68 F min. to 90 F max. Do Not . . Heat Oil. Immersion Time: Until cool; typically 4-60 minutes, to allow maximum displacement of entrapped water.

6 or

6A
SUSPEND RINSED PARTS IN PRO-SHEEN TANK instead of Water Displacing Oil Tank to give gloss wax, final finish. Not a water displacing product, so parts must be thoroughly dry inside and out to prevent water entrapment under the Pro-Sheen. Mixing: 1 part ProSheen with 9 parts Pure Water. Operating Temperature: 68 F min. . to 90 F max. Immersion Time: Until parts are cool; typically 30-4 . minutes.

7
CURE AND REASSEMBLE GUN. Remove from Water Displacing Oil Tank, and hang on rack over tank to allow excess Oil to drain back into tank. Because new blue is very tender, minimum handling recommended for 24 hours to allow blue to cure When cured, wipe . excess oil off parts with soft cloth and reassemble gun.
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7 or

7A
COAT PRO-SHEEND PART GENEROUSLY WITH PRO-TEK for added protection over the Pro-Sheen. Use full strength. Operating Temperature: 68 min. to 90 F max. .
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Notes:

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BLUING OPERATION STEPS

Wearenowreadytoactuallybeginbluingguns.Followthesesteps in the order given to minimize potential problems. If you decide to deviatefromthisroutine,pleasedontexpectustobeabletosolvethe problemsyourdeviationcreates.TheOxynateNo.7BluingSolution worksasoutlinedbelow;pleaseusethisproceduresowecanhelpyou ifthingsdogoastrayforyou.

temperature in the cold water, carefully examine for blemishes, discolorations or any flaws in bluing.

5 6

SUSPEND RINSED PARTS IN HOT WATER TANK to remove all final traces of Bluing Solution/Salts. Operating Temperature: Vigorous boil. Immersion Time: 5-10 minutes for simple parts; 15-30 minutes for complex parts. (Some water sources damage/lighten/remove new bluing with long immersion. Watch carefully. Review Technical Info on Water Quality, page 6.) SUSPEND HOT RINSED PARTS IN WATER DISPLACING OIL. Transfer the parts quickly to Water Displacing Oil Tank and plunge into tank, agitating vigorously for a minute or so. Allow parts to cool immersed in the Water Displacing Oil. Use full strength. Operating Temperature: Room temperature; recommended 68 F. minimum to 90 F. maximum. Do Not Heat Oil. Immersion Time: Until parts are cool; typically 45-60 minutes to allow maximum displacement of entrapped water.

STARTING UP TANKS AND SOLUTIONS

(1) PREPARE THE SURFACE OF THE METAL to be blued by polishing to the desired grit level, sand blasting, bead blasting, wire wheel brushing, etc. Bluing will hide nothing. Clean off excessive crud, oils and grease from guns with d-Solve or TCE, to get reasonably clean before putting into 909 Cleaning Solution Tank. Run patched cleaning rod through bore and magazine tubes to clean out excessive crud. Check for obstructions. All parts should be completely prepared before going to the next step. (2) START BLUING SOLUTION TANK NEW SOLUTION - See page 7 To Mix One Gallon Of Oxynate No. , 7 Bluing Solution Follow steps exactly. Mixing Ratio: 10 pounds of . Oxynate No. 7 to 1 gallon of water. EXISTING BLUING SOLUTION a) Break up the solid crusts on the top of the Bluing Solution, and in the bottom of the Bluing Tank. b) Turn on Bluing Tank heat source. c) Stir Bluing Solution frequently while allowing to rise to operating temperature of vigorous rolling boil at 292 F Time required: 45 minutes, . typically. (3) START 909 CLEANING SOLUTION TANK10-15 minutes before the Bluing Solution reaches operating temperature: a) Mix a fresh batch of Dicro-Clean 909 Cleaning Solution at the rate of 5 ounces (by weight of Dicro-Clean) to 1 gallon of water. See page 6, To Mix One Gallon Of Hot Dicro-Cleaning Solution Do Not keep 909 . Cleaning Solution from bluing day to bluing day. Start with a fresh batch each time you make a bluing run. b) Stir Cleaning Solution frequently during heat-up and dissolve sequence. Time required: 10-15 minutes. c) Stabilize operating temperature at 180 F Do Not Boil Dicro-Clean . 909 Cleaning Solution. (4) FILL COLD WATER RINSE TANK, AFTER-BLUING COLD WATER RINSE TANK, AND HOT WATER RINSE TANK with fresh, clean water. Review Technical Information on Water Quality page 6, for proper , water source. a) Start top-overflow system on Cold Water Rinse Tank just after parts are put in 909 Cleaning Tank. b) Turn on heat source under Hot Water Rinse Tank just after parts have been put into Bluing Solution. Heat-up time required for full tank to boil; 20-30 minutes, typically.

CURE AND Remove from 7 Displacing OilREASSEMBLE GUN. rack over tank to Water Tank, and hang on allow

excess oil to drain back into tank. Because new blue is very tender, minimum handling recommended for 24 hours to allow blue to cure When cured, wipe excess oil off parts . with soft cloth and reassemble gun.

ALTERNATE STEPS
IN B.O.N. TANK 5A SUSPEND RINSED PARTS oz. (by weight) to instead of hot Water Rinse Tank. Mixing: 6 1 gallon water. Operating Temperature: 130 to 140 F. Immersion Time: With intermittent agitation, for 30-45 minutes. Transfer to Hot Water Tank and complete Step .

IN PRO-SHEEN TANK of 6A SUSPEND RINSED PARTS to give gloss wax final insteadNot Water Displacing Oil Tank finish.

a water displacing product, so parts must be thoroughly dry inside and out to prevent water entrapment under the ProSheen. Mixing: 1 part Pro-Sheen with 9 parts Pure Water. Operating Temperature: 68 F. minimum to 90 F. maximum. Immersion Time: Until parts are cool; typically 30-45 minutes.

PARTS 7A COAT PRO-SHEEND over theGENEROUSLY WITH PRO-TEK for added protection Pro-Sheen. Use full strength. Operating Temperature: 68 F. minimum to 90 F. maximum. Thatsallthereistoit.But,thingscanhappen,andbecauseproblemsinabluingoperationcanbeveryfrustrating,wehavedeveloped a unique Trouble Shooting Section which walks you through the problems you might experience and gives the most likely cure for each.Pleaserefertoitoften.

IN CASE OF TROUBLE
IfagundoesnotcomeoutoftheBluingSolutionlookinglikeyou think it should, do not immediately assume it is your fault, or the faultofthechemicals,ortheprocess.Takeagoodlookatthemetal ofthegunitself. Castironwillgetred-yelloworplum-purpletones. Late Model 94 Winchester receivers above serial #2,700,000 are castmetalandwillnotblueinOxynateNo.7. StainlessSteelwillnotblueinOxynateNo.7. Chrome-plated or nickel-plated parts will not blue in Oxynate No. 7. Aluminum,pot-metal,brassandtheiralloyswillnotblue,butwill dissolve/disappear in the Bluing Solution, ruining it at the same time. Hardenedandheat-treatedsteelsusuallyturnpurplish. Case-hardened steel or iron will come out of the Bluing Solution withatough,greenoryellowscum. Manyinvestmentcastframesandinvestmentcastpartswillcome outwitharedorpurplishcolor,whileothersmaybluefine,andstill otherswontblueatall. Ifagunhasover1-2%siliconeinthesteel,itwillcomeoutabright red,orwithbrightredblotches.ManyRugerguns-particularlythe earlierones-areclassicexamplesofthisparticularproblembecause ofthesiliconeusedintheinvestmentcastmethodbywhichtheyare made. So-firstexaminewhatyouaretryingtoblue.Ifthemetalchecks out okay, then check both your technique and procedure, beginning withtheFour-StepCross-CheckTestoutlinedbelow.
Page 1 of 28

WARNING: Wear face shield, rubber apron and rubber gloves

when mixing and/or using any of the chemicals mentioned in these instructions. Use these products ONLY in a well ventilated area. Keep all products Out of Reach of Children.

STEP-BY-STEP BLUING OPERATION

1 2 3 4

SUSPEND PARTS IN FRESH 909 CLEANING SOLUTION to remove all dirt, grease, oil and crud. Cleanliness is Next to Godliness - Always! Operating Temperature: 180 F. Immersion Time: 10-15 minutes. RINSE CLEANED PARTS in flowing Cold Water Rinse Tank. Scrub parts thoroughly with soft brush to remove all traces of Dicro-Clean 909 Cleaning Solution. Work rapidly. Immersion Time: not to exceed 2 to 3 minutes. SUSPEND RINSED PARTS IN THE OXYNATE NO. 7 BLUING SOLUTION. Optimum Operating Temperature: Vigorous rolling boil at 292 F. Typical Time in Bluing Solution: 20-30 minutes. RINSE BLUED PARTS in After-Bluing Cold Water Rinse Tank. Agitate and swish parts around thoroughly to remove all traces of Bluing Solution. When parts have cooled to room

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FOUR-STEP CROSS-CHECK TEST

Inbluingtherearebasicallytwoareasthatcancauseyoutrouble. 1) Metal Cleaning; and 2) Bluing Procedures and Solutions. The metalcleaningproblemsarecoveredintheTechnicalInformationOn Mixing &Using Dicro-Clean 909 Cleaning Solution section, page 6; pleasereviewit.Ifyouarehavingproblems,itisimperativethatyou understandtheimportanceofpropermetalpreparation. The Bluing Procedures and Solutions are covered below, and the Four-StepCross-CheckTestsshouldbeconductedcarefullytoknow whereyourproblemlies. STEP 1: CHECK THE THERMOMETER - First, look your thermometeroververycarefully,particularlycheckingforBluingSaltsresidue inside the glass, or a needle that seems to be stuck, or a face with the paint and numbers eaten off.These are all indications that the thermometer has leaked, and it should be returned to the supplier forreplacement. Ifitappearsokay,next,checkyourthermometertoseeiftheneedle isstickingbyputtingthethermometerquillinatallcanof5"deep, violentlyboilingwater.Theneedleshouldriserapidlyandsmoothly toaround200to210F.Thistestistobesurethatthethermometer needleisnotsticking;DoNotbeconcernedwhetherornottheneedle registers 212 F. which is the boiling temperature of pure water at sea level. Boiling temperature variations can be caused by altitude above sea level, and the purity and violence of the boiling water. If thethermometerdoesnotfunctioncorrectly,contactthesupplierfor areplacement. Totestthethermometerathighertemperaturesandtobesurethat it is not sticking before it reaches 292 F., use your wifes deep fat fryerfilledwithoil,andsetitsthermostatatabout320F.Immerse your bluing thermometer in the hot oil along with a good quality candyoroventhermometerthatreadsupto400F.Asthetwothermometers come up, they should run very close together. If they do not,contactusifyouboughttheBluingThermometerfromus(ours arecalibratedat300F.witha1%,andwewillcheckitforyouand replaceitatnocharge,iffaulty. PREPARE TEST PIECES Takeafewpiecesofscrapgunbarrelthatareknowntobluecorrectly, and polish thoroughly with clean, dry, 240 grit emery cloth, enoughtoknocktheoldbluingoff,andcleanupthemetalsoyoucan watch the colors carefully. Do Not use crocus cloth or rouge. Do not useanylubricatingagentlikeoil,keroseneorwater.Donotuseyour usualtechniquebecause,asmentionedabove,itmaybeyourpolishingprocedurethatiscausingyoutheproblem.BesuretheCleaning Solutions and Bluing Solutions are working correctly on a known piece of steel polished in a controlled manner before tackling the problems caused by improper metal preparation. These Test Pieces will be used for the next 3 Cross-Check steps. With your Bluing Solutionstabilizedandboilingvigorouslyat292F.,doCross-Check Steps2,3and4. STEP 2: CHECK THE PRE-BLUING PROCEDURE - Takeoneofthe

TestPiecesyoupreparedabove,anddonotcleanorrinseitafterpolishing.SuspendtheTestPieceintheoperatingBluingSolution. a)IftheTestPiecedoesnotblue,theproblemiswithyourBluing Solution,anditwillhavetobereplaced. b)IftheTestPiecedoesbluecorrectly,theproblemliesinsomethingthat is being done priorto the BluingTank ineithertheway youareprotectingthemetalafterpolishing,orinthe909Cleaning SolutionTank,ortheColdWaterRinseTank. STEP 3: CHECK THE COLD WATER RINSE TANK - Take a different oneoftheTestPiecesthatyouprepared,anddonotcleanitinthe909 Cleaning Solution, but go directly into the Cold Water Rinse Tank. Be sure to use the water source you regularly use, the scrub brush you regularly use, and leave it immersed in the water for as long a timeasyoudothegunswhenyouarebluing.Donotvaryanysteps orproceduresyouregularlyfollowwiththeColdWaterRinseTank. TransfertheTestPiecetotheOxynateNo.7BluingSolutionwhich youprovedinStep2wasworkingcorrectly. a)IftheTestPiecedoesnotblue,theproblemiswithyourCold Water Rinse Tank, and it will have to be dumped and a different water source found. Or, you will have to modify your procedure by shortening the length of time you leave the Test Piece in the Cold WaterRinseTank,becauseifyouleavethecleanpartinthetankvery long,itwillstarttorustasaresultofbeingchemicallycleanandcominginextendedcontactwiththefreeoxygeninthewater. b)IftheTestPiecedoesbluecorrectly,theColdWaterRinseTank and your Rinsing procedure are okay, and you can continue to use yourpresentwatersourceandprocedure. STEP 4: CHECK THE 909 CLEANING SOLUTION - Take another oneoftheTestPiecesthatyouprepared,cleanitinthe909Cleaning Solution,andputitthroughtheColdWaterRinseTank.Besureto usetheexactsame909Cleaningsolutionthatyouusedwhenyouran intoproblems(donotmixupafreshone),andleaveitimmersedin the909Cleaningsolutionforaslongatimeasyoudothegunswhen youarebluing.Donotvaryanystepsorproceduresyouregularlyfollowwiththe909CleaningSolutionTank.FollowingtheColdWater Rinse,transfertheTestPiecetotheOxynateNo.7BluingSolution whichyouprovedinStep2wasworkingcorrectly. a) If the Test Piece does not blue, the problem is with the 909 Cleaning Solution Tank, and it will have to be dumped and a new solutionmixed.Theproblemmaybeawatersourceproblem,anda different water source may have to be found. The problem may be thatyoudidnotmixafreshbatchof909CleaningSolutionwhenyou started the bluing operation. Please review theStarting UpTanks andSolutionssectionforprocedureinsettingupafreshtank. b) If the Test Piece does blue correctly, the problem is with the metalcontentofthegunyouaretryingtobluethatledyoutobelieve youhadaproblem.PleasereviewtheProblemListatthebeginning ofthissectionforhelpinidentifyingyourspecificmetalproblem. WiththeaboveCross-CheckTest,youhaveestablishedwherethe problemisinyourbluingoperationbycross-checkingonesolutionat atimeagainsttheothersolutions,eliminatingeachpotentialproblem areaasyougountilyoufindthesolutionthatisatfault.

TROUBLE-SHOOTING CHART
MALFUNCTION Probable Cause OVER-ALL GRAY CAST
1.Toolowanoperatingtemperature. Check thermometer for correct reading.BesureBluingSolutionisboiling vigorouslyat290-295F. ReplacewithfreshBluingSolution. 4.Presenceofoilinrinsewater. Double check water supply - examine surface of water for presence of oil slick.

MALFUNCTION Remedy Probable Cause Remedy

2. luing Solution approaching depleB tion. 3.Highnickelsteelcontent.

GRAY STREAKS
1. resence of oil or dirt on surface P ofmetal. 2. se of modern/miracle rust prevenU tives. Check cleaning operation, water supply for presence of oil or excessive dirt.Examinepartsimmediatelyprior to immersion in Bluing Solution for signsofpuddlingaroundramps,holes, joints.

Hold Bluing Solution at normal operating temperature for 15 minutes then allow temperature to increase upto310F.,andleavepartinBluing Solution for 15 minutes after it has takenonpropercolor.

TROUBLE-SHOOTING Cont. next page.

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TROUBLE-SHOOTING CHART
MALFUNCTION Probable Cause GRAY STREAKS (Cont.)
3. etting metal too hot when using G 555 or other grease-type polishes, actuallylapspolishintosurface. 4. olishingwithrouge. P Donotletmetalgettoohotwhenpolishing.Cureistorepolishstartingwith coarsegrits. Do not use rouge - contains Ferric Oxide(rust!)andwilllapintometals.

MALFUNCTION Remedy Probable Cause UNBLUED SPLOTCHES

1. resence of caked polishing comP poundonmetalssurface. Scrub parts thoroughly with brush after cleaning but prior to immersion inBluingSolution.

Remedy

SILVER SPECKS IN FINISHED JOB

1. verexposuretocleaningsolution. O Either decrease strength of cleaner or shorten exposure of part to the cleaningsolution. Freeoxygeninrinsewaterwillattack the chemically clean steel and cause oxidizationafteraveryshortperiodof time,resultinginamultitudeofspecks inthefinishedjob.Theuseoflyeasthe cleaneristhemostcommonoffender. UseDicro-Clean909.

OVERALL RED CAST

1.Toohighanoperatingtemperature. Checkthermometerforcorrectreading -besureBluingSolutionisnotboiling tooactively. Very high carbon steel will blue best if initial immersion temperature is approximately 285 F. Allow temperaturetoincreasetoapproximately295 F.beforeremoving. Suspend parts correctly in Bluing Solution.

2. eavingpartsinrinseaftercleaning L priortobluingfortoolongatime.

2. ttemptingtobluehighcarbonsteel A at too high an operating temperature.

3. singtoocausticacleanerorusing U lyeasacleaner. 4. luminum parts left on gun have A dissolvedinbath.

3. llowing parts to come into contact A withsidesorbottomoftank.

RED STREAKS
1. llowing parts to come in contact A withsidesorbottomoftankorother largepartsinBluingsolution. 2. resence of spot hardening in P metal. 3. ot stirring Bluing solution reguN larly. Suspend parts correctly in Bluing Solution.

Completely disassemble gun and remove ALL aluminum parts before bluing. Bluing Solution may need to bereplaced. Run parts through Rust Remover before polishing, polish to bottom of pitsorsandblasttheseparts.

5. inyrustpitshavefilledwithpolish T thatdoesnotcomeoutincleaning.

Scrubpartsincleanwaterandreturn to Bluing Solution until correct color is achieved. A slight temperature increase AFTER parts have started to colorwillspeeduptheaction. Stir Bluing Solution often, including whilepartsareintank.

FAILURE OF SOLUTION TO BOIL AT 292 F.

1.FaultyThermometer. See Cross Check above for testing procedure. Cautiously add water to the Bluing Solution, stirring after each addition until sufficient water has been added that Bluing Solution will boil vigorouslyat292F.

2.BluingSolutiontoostrong.

MOTTLED RED COLORS

1. ttempting to color Cast Iron withA outtakingproperprecautions. Use OxynateS. In a few instancesa 10minuteimmersioninRustRemover just prior to bluing will give relief. Sandblasting of surface will also help attimes. Separateparts.Besuretheyare1"or morefromsides/bottomoftank. 2.BluingSolutiontooweak.

SOLUTION BOILS AT TOO LOW A TEMPERATURE

1.FaultyThermometer. See Cross Check above for testing procedure. Either add a small amount of Bluing SaltsatatimeuntilstrengthofBluing Solutionhasbeenproperlyincreasedto correct density, or let Bluing Solution boil until sufficient water evaporates outassteamandtheBluingSolutionis broughttoavigorousboilat292F. Modern bluing salts are very hygroscopic in nature. They will take on a greatdealofmoisturefromtheairand thusincreasebalanceofwatertosalts.

2. ot having parts properly suspendN ed.

RED/PURPLE COLOR
1. enerallyoccursonMauserboltstop G springsandextractorsprings. Suspend parts in cold Bluing Solution andallowtoremaininBluingSolution untildaysworkiscompleted.Willgenerally take correct color. If not, bring tomirrorpolishanddonotblue.Gives niceeffecttogun.UseOxynateS.

3. ongstorageduringdampweather. L

YELLOW/RED COLOR OR SCUM ON SURFACE

1. ttempting to blue case-hardened A parts without sufficient pre-polishingandcleaning. 2. resence of foreign matter or oil in P waterorongunssurface. Polishpartthoroughlypriortobluing. ShortimmersioninRustRemoverwill generallyovercomethistrouble. Check water supply and cleaning procedure.

SCUM ON THE BATH

1.NaturalChemicalReaction. Do not remove from Bluing Solution unless it has turned brick red - then just remove red portions. If entire Bluing Bath is red, it is depleted and shouldberenewed.

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FINAL COMMENTS
Actualshopandlaboratoryexperiencehasshownthatnearly99% ofbluingfailuresareduetooneofthreecauses: 1)ImproperTemperatureControl:includingfailuretoaddwater totheBluingSolutiononaregularbasistocontroltemperaturerise; failuretostirregularlyandthoroughlytomaketheBluingSolution an even, constant temperature throughout; and failure to make the Bluing Solution deep enough to allow the thermometer to correctly readtheactualBluingSolutiontemperature. 2) ContaminatingTheBluingSolution:includingusingwaterthat brings Bluing Solution-killing chemicals into the BluingTank; putting metals into the bath that dissolve and contaminate or destroy theBluingSolution;andstoringtheBluingSolutionuncovered,orfor periodsoftimebetweenuses,whichpermitscarbolicacidtoformthat weakensorkillstheBluingSolution. 3)IncorrectCleaningMethods:includingnotstartingeachbluing daywithafreshbatchof909Cleaningsolution;usingothercleaning solutionslikegasoline,acetone,MEK,Tri-SodiumPhosphate,lyeand otherstrongalkaliesthateitherdontcleanthoroughly,leavearesidue,ordamagethemetal;or,oncehavingcoatedthepolishedmetal partswithoneoftheexoticgunoils,notremovingitcompletely. The remaining 1% of the failures generally fall to faulty or damagedequipment,includingadamagedthermometer,nothotenough heatsource,failuretounderstandandfollowtheseinstructions,and, finally,allthegremlinsthatledtothediscoveryofMurphysLaw.

BrownellsElectricTankHeatershaveagreatmanybenefits:they areeasytocontrol,heatincrediblyevenlyandareveryefficient;all the heat output goes directly into the solution being heated. And, anelectricsystemmakesitpossibletoBlueandParkerizefirearms wherenaturalgasorpropanearenotavailable,orwherelocalrestrictionsmakeagas-firedsystemimpractical. Theinstructionswhichfollowwillhelpyouselect,installandstartup an electric system. The Bluing and Parkerizing operation steps themselvesarethesameaswithagas-firedsystem.Thosesteps,and much more, are covered in our Bluing and Parkerizing Instruction Booklets. If a copy was not included with these instructions, please callandwewillsendyouaset,nocharge. TheElectricTank(E/T)Heaterscomewithabarepigtail.Youwill needtohaveanelectricianwireeachE/THeatertoitsownControl Unit,andtheControlUnittoyour220/240volt,single-phaseelectrical distribution system. Each E/T Heater can draw as much as 25 ampsunderfullloadandshouldbewiredtoitsown30ampcircuit. Tworanges of E/T Heaters are available.The Low Range 4KW unit is capable of heating Dicroclean 909 Cleaning Solutions, BON, andParkerizingSolutionsnotexceedingthecapacityofour6"x9"x 40"BlackIronDeepTank,plusHotWaterRinseTanksandOxynate No.7andNo.84BluingSolutionTanksofcapacitynotexceedingour 6"x6x40"BlackIronTank.TheHigh Range 6KWunitisspecifically madetoheatOxynateNo.7andNo.84Solutionsinour6"x9"x40" BlackIronDeepTank,andtoheattheHotWaterRinseineitherthe Black Iron DeepTank or our new Fiberglass DeepTank.The 4KW heater does not have the capacity to bring Oxynate No. 7 or No. 84 totheircorrectoperatingtemperatureandmaintainarollingboilin theDeepIronTank,becausetheresultingboilistoovigoroustobe containedintheavailabledepthofthetank.

ELECTRIC TANK HEATING SYSTEM INSTRUCTIONS

TheE/THeatersareveryeasyandstraightforwardtouse,however, therearesomebasic...

RULES THAT MUST BE OBSERVED & SETUP HELPS

1. Make sure the E/T Heaters heating element and its over-temperaturesensorarecompletelysubmerged(minimumdepthof2to 3)inthesolutionorbath. 2. Makesurethethermocoupleprobeliesfreelyat,ornearthebottom,ofthetank.Itshouldnotbetrappedundertheheatingelement, or between the element and the sides of the tank. Do not attempt to remove its protective plastic covering.The covering is made of a sophisticatedsyntheticmaterialthatisresistanttotheheatranges andchemicalsnecessarytoblueandparkerize.Removingthecoveringwilldestroytheintegrityoftheunit.Thewirecanbegentlybent toaccommodatedifferingpositionsofthetankandControlUnit,but DONOT kink or bend it sharply.The large diameter portion at the extremeendoftheprobemustnotbebent. 3) DONOTattempttobendtheheatingelementtoaccommodate atankofdifferentdimensions. 4) DONOTwiretheE/THeaterdirectlytoyourpowersource.The E/THeatersmustfirstbewiredtotheControlUnit,andtheControl Unitwiredtoyourelectricalpowersource. 5) Because the heating element lies on the bottom of the tank, breaking-upthesolidifiedsaltsisneitherrequirednorrecommended, duetopotentialdamagetotheheatingelements.Whenthesaltshave beguntoliquify,youcangentlyagitatethesolutionwithapaddle to speed heatup. Adjust the Control Units for all tasks, except the Oxynate No. 7 or No. 84 Tank and Hot Water Rinse Tank, as you wouldanythermo-statically-controlleddevice.TheOxynateNo.7or No.84TankandHotWaterRinseTankwillbediscussedinStep6, below. To operate the E/T Heater, set the temperature you wish to maintain using the dial on the front of the Control Unit. This will produceanoperatingtemperatureclosetothedialsetting.Youmust measurethetemperatureofyoursolutionwithanaccuratethermometerinthesolution.WerecommendourBluingThermometerforthis. Wealsorecommendthatyoufine-tunethevariableheatcontroldial andaddamarkonthedialattheexactsettingwhichisappropriate foryourneeds,onceyoudetermineitwithathermometer. 6) SetthevariableheatcontroldialsfortheOxynateNo.7orNo. 84 and Hot Water Rinse tanks at a temperature higher than the normaloperatingtemperature.Thiswillmakeitpossibletomaintain theactive,rollingboilrequiredforthesetwooperations.Toillustrate: thecorrectoperatingtemperatureforanOxynateNo.7bathis292 F.IfwesetourControlUnitdialto292F.,theE/THeaterwillheat the Oxynate No. 7 solution until it reaches 292 F. and then shut off.Whenitshutsoff,thesolutionwillstopboilingandwillnotgive us the rolling boil we want. If, on the other hand, we set and mark ourControlUnitdial(withthehelpofanaccuratethermometer)to 300F.,therollingboilwillbemaintainedbecausetheControlUnit willcontinuetosendheateventhoughthe292F.temperaturehas beenreached.Becausethesolutionwillbecomemoreconcentratedas waterevaporates,itsboilingpointwillriseandthesolutionstemperaturewillclimb.Atthispoint,addwatertothesolutiontodiluteits concentration,andloweritsboilingpointtothedesired292F.,+or -2F.The300F.settingalsoprovidesafail-safe.If,forsomereason, thesolutionisnotproperlyattended,theControlUnitwillshutoffat thattemperatureandwillpreventextremeoverheatingforatleasta shorttime.Ifthewatercontinuestoevaporate,theover-temperature
076-200-113 R1206

OXYNATE NO. 7 BLUES GUNS

The Control Units are available in two heat ranges: Low Range, 30 to 220 F.,andHigh Range 200 - 500 F., andmustbeselected to match the application. They contain a non-indicating variable heatcontrolwith30ampA.C.magneticcontactorwith240voltholding coil. The Low Range unit must be used for the Dicroclean 909 CleaningSolutionTank,HotWaterRinseTank,ParkerizingSolution Tank, and BON Tank. The High Range unit is necessary only for heatingOxynateNo.7andNo.84SolutionsintheBlackIronDeep Tank. ThefollowingapplicationlistisfortheBlackIronDeepTanks:
USE Boiling Water Rinse 212 F . Parkerizing Oxynate #7 B.O.N. 190 F . 292 F . 130 F . X X X X X X X X X X OPERATING HEATING UNIT TEMP . 4kw 6kw X CONTROL UNIT LOW, 30-220 F. HIGH, 220-500 F. X

909 Cleaner 180 F .

Oxynate #84 24 F .

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2006 BROWNELLS, INC.

sensorwillbeexposedandwillshutdownthesystem.Atthispoint, the sensor will have to be replaced. It is VITALLY IMPORTANT that the solution depth be maintained so the over-temperature sensor staysimmersedtopreventsensorburn-out.

TANKS
Becausethereisnoflamecontrolinanelectricsystem,ourspecial Fiberglass DeepTank can be used for all heated-tank applications, except for bluing with Oxynate No. 7 and No. 84. For bluing with OxynateNo.7orNo.84,youmustuseaBlackIronTankwithwelded, not brazed, seams. DONOTuse a stainless steel tank for bluing. Brownells offers our standard 6" x 6" x 40" Black IronTank, which wasdesignedforuseinouroriginalgasburnersystemandour6"x 9"x40"BlackIronDeepTankforusewiththeE/THeater. BecausetheE/THeateroccupiesapproximately3"ofthedepthof any tank in which it is placed, we do not recommend the standard tankunlessyouaresureyouwillneverneedaworkingdepthofmore than about 3". In this case, the appropriate E/T Heater is the 4KW model.Becausethisresultsinaratherdrasticreductionofavailable depth,werecommendthatyouusethe6"x9"x40"BlackIronDeep Tankwhichwasspeciallydesignedforusewiththe6KWheater.The workingdepthinthistankisapproximately5".

Whenyouhavefinishedyourbluingsession,simplyturnthevariableheatcontroldialbacktoitslowestsetting,andturnthepower switchtooff .Theboilingactionwillstopimmediately.Undernormal circumstances, do not remove the E/T Heater from the tank. If theE/THeatermustberemovedforsomereason,allowthebathto cooldowntoapproximately200F.beforeremovingtheE/THeater. Beverycareful,andwearhandandfaceprotection. OncethebathissetupwiththeE/THeater,reheatingisassimple asflippingtheControlUnitswitchtoOnandresettingthevariable heatcontroldialtothe300F.mark.Donotattempttobreakupany solidified salts. Doing so may damage the electric elements. As the salts heat up and begin to liquify, you can use your stirring paddle toagitatethemandspeeduptheprocesstoasmalldegree.However, takespecialcarenottoscrapeorstriketheelementcoils. If you have an existing gas-heated, standard, 6" x 6" x 40" Black IronBluingTankwithcoldsaltsinplace,andwishtoconverttothe 4KWE/THeatersystem,thebestwaytoinstalltheelementis:first, useyourgasburnertoheatupthesolidifiedsaltsuntiltheyareliquid.PlacetheE/THeaterintothetank.Then,shutoffthegas,turnon theE/THeater,settheVariableHeatControlDialandcontinuethe operation.Remember,onlythe4KWmodelisrecommendedforusein Brownellsstandard,6"x6"x40"BlackIronTank.

SETTING UP A NEW BLUING BATH WITH THE ELECTRIC TANK HEATER AND 6" x 9" x 40" BLACK IRON DEEP TANK
Follow the instructions found in our Bluing Instructions Booklet concerningtankvolumeandmixingratioseg.,3quartsofwaterto10 poundsofOxynateNo.7,stirringconstantly.Whentheheatgenerationstops,repeattheprocessuntilthetankisalittlemorethanhalf full(fourgallons).Atthispoint,placetheE/THeatercarefullyinto the tank, positioning it so that it is approximately centered, end to end,fronttoback.Continueaddingwaterandsaltsuntilthedepth isapproximatelyseveninches.TheDeepTankholdsbetweensixand sevengallonsofsolutionwhenfilledtotheseveninchdepth,withthe E/THeaterinplace.Turnthepowerswitchtoonandsetthedial to300F.(refertoNumber6underRulesThatMustBeObserved). The heating element heats very gently and will not cause burning or eruptions.As the salts heat up and begin to liquify, you can use your stirring paddle to agitate them and speed up the process to a small degree. However, take special care not to scrape or strike the elementcoils.Ifthetemperatureofthebath(asshownontheBluing Thermometer) approaches the required 292 F. and the solution is notboiling,addwateruntilitdoesbegintoboil.Then,addwaterand saltsintheproperratiotomaintaintherollingboiluntiltheproper working depth is achieved. Because the boil achieved with the E/T Heaterissovigorous,itisrecommendedthatthedepthofthesolutionbemaintainedatnomorethan7".Maintaintheproper292F.,+ or-2F.,byaddingwaterasnecessaryasthesolutionboils.

PARKERIZING WITH THE ELECTRIC TANK HEATER AND 6" x 9" x 40" FIBERGLASS DEEP TANK
The mixing and operation steps for Parkerizing remain the same asspelledoutinourParkerizingInstructions:nospecialstepsmust be taken.We have found that less of the insoluble precipitate commontotheParkerizingoperationtendstoformwiththeE/THeater becauseitappliesheatsogently.Whenaddingatomizedsteel,usethe coffeefiltersystemofholdingthesteel.Ifthesteelisaddeddirectly to the solution with the E/T Heater in place and operating, it may havethetendencytosticktotheheatingelements,causinguneven transferofheattothesolution.FollowtheinstructionsforBrownellls Parkerizing Solutions. With the E/T Heater in the Fiberglass Deep Tank,addwater,andturnontheE/THeaterswitchontheControl Unit.SettheControlUnitsvariableheatcontrolsothatitshutsoff at190F.(usingyourBluingThermometerasspelledoutinNumber 5ofRulesThatMustBeObserved).Becausethereisnoboilinvolved with Parkerizing, it doesnt matter if the Control Unit is, or is not, sending heat at any given time. Maintaining the required, absolute temperatureisallthatisimportant.Whenthepropertemperatureis reached,addtheParkerizingconcentrate. When you are done Parkerizing, you can leave the E/T Heater in thesolutionorremoveit,oncethesolutionhascooleddown,toallow maintenanceofthebath.

WHEN ALL ELSE FAILS - CALL US AT 800-741-0015

Monday through Friday: 8:30 am to 4:30 pm Central Time Tell the operator: Ive got a bluing problem. You will get help! One of the unique services we offer all our bluing customers is personal, individual help with the problems you may encounter in yourbluingoperation.Itssomethingweenjoydoingbecauseweknow bluingisanimportantpartofyourshopssuccess,andwewantyou tosucceedeverybitasmuchasyoudo. Wehaveover55yearsexperiencewithOxynateNo.7BluingSalts. If you have a problem you cannot solve, please call us.We want to help. Note:Ifyoudocall,besuretohaveanswersalreadyworkedoutto the 11 questions listed below, and we will be able to get to the gist ofyourtroublealmostimmediately.Waittocalluntilyouhavethose answers,forweneedtheinformationtheywillgiveustotrackdown theproblem...andweregoingtoaskyouforthem. 1) Whatgunareyoutryingtoblue?(Seepage13,col.2.) 2) What color is the Bluing Solution, both the liquid and the BluingSaltsthemselves?(Seepage8,col.2.) 3) Where do you get the water you are using in your Cleaning SolutionandyourBluingSolution?(Seepage6,col.1.) 4) HowoldistheBluingSolution,andhowmanygunshaveyou bluedinit?(Seepage9,col.1.) 5) How often do you change Cleaning Solution, and what
076-200-113 R1206

CleaningSolutiondoyouuse?(Seepage7,col.1.) 6) What is your operating temperature, and how hard is the BluingSolutionboiling?(Seepage7,col.2.) 7) HowoftendoyouaddwatertotheBluingSolution?(Seepage 8,col.1.) 8) How often do you stir the Bluing Solution? (See page 8, col. 2.) 9) How deep is the Bluing Solution in your Bluing Tank? (See page7,col.2.) 10) Where is your thermometer mounted in the Bluing Tank, wheredidyougetthethermometer,andisthecannelure(groove)on the stem at least 1" below the surface of the Bluing Solution? (See page4,col.1.) 11) Have you done the Cross-Check Test, and what were the results?(Seepage14,col.1.) Fully 90% of the phone calls we get with bluing problems could beavoidedifthebluingroomoperatorwouldhaveansweredthe11 questionsbasedonwhatheisdoinginhisBluingRoom,thenchecked theInstructionReferencegiveninparentheses()aftereachquestion andfoundoutwhathewassupposedtobedoinginsteadofwhathe wasdoing.
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2006 BROWNELLS, INC.

OXPHO-BLUE COLD BLUING

RE-BLUING AND TOUCH-UP TECHNIQUES
Oxpho-Blue for rebluing and the touch-up of guns was designed originally for the occasional gun bluer. It does so many things so remarkably well that it is threatening to revolutionize the bluing industry.Forlooks,theretouchedfinishwasnotintendedtoapproach thebeautyofthewellpolished,hotbluedgun.Ithasdeveloped,however,thatinthehandsofacarefulcraftsmannotonlyistheOxphoBluefinishbeautiful,itisalsoextremelydurableandmoreweather resistantthanmostothercoldblues. x 2" square, like a cotton makeup pad, or one-fourth of one of our gunsmithsCleaningPadsforapplyingOxpho-Blue. CLEAN STEEL WOOL - Clean Steel Wool is made by removing the protective oil applied by the manufacturer to keep the Steel Wool from rusting during transit and storage. Since the oil will contaminateandpossiblycausetheOxpho-Bluebluetostreakordiscolor,it isimperativetouseonlyCleanSteelWoolwhendoinganentiregun. ForOxpho-Blue,youwillneedtocleanonlywith#00SteelWool. Clean the Steel Wool by soaking in a TCE bath. The Steel Wool mustbecompletelydrybeforeusingwithOxpho-Blue. BROWN PAPER TOWELS - The kind found in gas station or high schoolrestrooms.Tough,veryrough,comefoldedinthirds,andwill take the skin off your hands and elbows. Kitchen paper towels, the slick brown ones on a roll, or anything soft will not work nearly as well;maybenotatall.

RETOUCHING WORN BRIGHT AND LIGHTLY-RUSTED SPOTS

Therearetwosimplemethodsforretouchingspotsthatareworn bright,orareonlyslightlyrusted,wheretherustisnotserious. COTTON PAD TECHNIQUE 1. Wipe off excess oil and grease. DONOT attempt to remove all tracesofoilfromsurfaceofgun.Forretouching(ONLY)itisbetterif asmalltraceofoilispresentonthesurface! 2. Dampenaclothpad,suchasa12ga.cleaningpatchwithOxphoBlueandvigorouslyrubtheareaswhichhavewornbrightuntilthey turnthecolordesiredtoblendinwiththerestofthegunsfinish.You willalsodiscoverthatthesteelactuallybluesundertheoil. SHOE-SHINE TECHNIQUE - Many gunsmiths have found that thisisaveryeasywaytoretouchagun. Dampena6"x10"pieceofsoft,cottonclothwithOxpho-Blueand bluethegun,simplygoingafteritasyouwouldshineapairofshoes. Thisisanexcellentmethodtopreparelow-valuegunsforresale;orto makeacustomerspetgunlookattractivewhenithasbeenbrought inforrepairs. Note:Neitherofthetwomethodsabovemakeforanexceptionally durablebluejob.Oxpho-Blueissosimpletoapplythisway,however, takingjustafewsecondsasitdoes,thatthisisnotanobjection.

STEP-BY-STEP TECHNIQUE
1) PREPARE THE SURFACE OF THE METAL to be blued by polishingtothedesiredgritlevel,sandblasting,beadblasting,wirewheel brushing,etc.Donotpolishthesurfacetoobright,astheprocessof applying Oxpho-Blue produces a bright surface and the action of thechemicalwillbebetterifthesurfaceisslightlymatteintexture beforestarting.A140gritPolish-O-Raysurfaceisfine;donotgofiner than240gritPolish-O-Ray. 2) CLEAN PARTS THOROUGHLY by suspending them in a fresh 909 Cleaning Solution, orin a soaking bath ofTCEorsimilar chlorinated-hydrocarbonsolvent.Whentryingtogetaperfect,no-streak finishonanentiregun,thegunmustbeabsolutelycleanandoil-free before beginning. For speed and convenience, we prefer soaking the gun and parts in TCE to setting up and running a 909 Cleaning Solutionforthe1-gun-at-a-timebeingdonewithOxpho-Blue. 3) POUR OUT A SMALL AMOUNT OF OXPHO-BLUE from your supply bottle into the Oxpho-Blue Dish. Take one of the Cotton ApplicatorPadsandsaturateitintheOxpho-Blue,butnotsoliberallythattheOxpho-Bluerunsonthesurfaceofthemetalwhenyou applythepadtothegun. 4) APPLY THE OXPHO-BLUE TO THE SURFACE OF THE GUN,using longstrokes,andbeingverysurethatyoudontlettheOxpho-Blue solutionrun.Turnthegunasyouapplytohelppreventruns-which turnintostreaks. 5) WATCH THE SURFACE OF THE GUN CAREFULLY after you get the Oxpho-Blue applied, and the surface of the gun is holding as muchliquidasyoucanapplywithoutruns. 6) WIPE DRY JUST BEFORE THE OXPHO-BLUE DRIES ON THE GUN. As you watch, the liquid Oxpho-Blue appears to thicken upandturnamessy,yukky,blackcolor,andseemstobeaboutready todry.Justbeforeyouthinkitisgoingtodry,immediatelywipethe entiresurfaceofthegundrywithaclean,soft,drycloth,usinglong fast strokes and doing everything you possibly can to eliminate the possibilityofstreaks.Somestreaksareboundtodevelop,butyoucan takethemoutlateronintheprocedure.DoNotlettheOxpho-Blue dryonthemetalsurfaceduringthefirstpass. 7) WHEN WIPED/RUBBED DRY, BURNISH WITH #00 Dry, Clean SteelWool.Onceyouhavethegunrubbeddry,waitafewmoreminutesforittoairdrythoroughly.Then,withasmallpieceof#00Clean SteelWool,burnishtheentiregunsoyouhaveremovedalltracesof any blue color that might have developed during the first application of Oxpho-Blue.What you will have is a grayish-looking, bright surface.Ifyouputonanotherheavycoat-orahundredheavycoats -youwillendupwithnothingmorethanthesamegrayish-looking, firstcoat.Eachheavycoattakesoffthepreviouscoatandestablishes itsownsurface.So,onceyouhavethemetalall-overgray,brightand shiny,thetrickistoblackenorcolorthisfirstheavycoatthatyou haveapplied,andnotputonanothercoatsoheavythatyougetback totheunderlyinggunmetal. 8) APPLY THE COLORING COAT OF OXPHO-BLUE. Dump out the dirty Oxpho-Blue from your Oxpho-Blue Dish and refill with a small amount of fresh Solution from your supply bottle. Tear off a
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RETOUCHING BADLY RUSTED SPOTS

Firsttherusthastoberemovedtobeabletodoagoodbluejob.It can either be removed with emery cloth or other abrasive methods, oryoucanfollowtheSteelWoolTechniqueexplainedbelow,which removestherustandbluesatthesametime. STEEL WOOL TECHNIQUE -This technique of using Oxpho-Blue removestherustandbluesthegunatthesametime. 1) TakeapadofNo.0or00degreasedsteelwoolandsaturate itwithOxpho-Blue.Keepingitsaturated,brisklyrubtherustedarea untilalltracesofrustarefloatedoff. 2) Without permitting the surface to air dry, wipe it dry with a cleancloth. 3) Withadrypieceofsteelwool,brisklyburnishtheareauntilit turnsabrightgunmetalgraycolor. 4) Take a small cotton pad, dampen it with Oxpho-Blue, and thendampentheareathatisabrightgunmetalgraycolorwiththe Oxpho-Bluefromthepad.Wipedrywithacleancloth.Burnishwith drysteelwool. 5) Repeat Step #4 until the desired color is reached. If you have problems bringing the color up to what you want, review the techniqueslistedbelowunderOverallBluing.

PROFESSIONAL OVERALL BLUING TECHNIQUE

The following method of applying Oxpho-Blue was developed for overallbluingofagun,andisparticularlydesignedtogiveyouuniform, even color, no streaking, and a top-quality blue job when you arefinished. Thingsyouwillneedare: OXPHO-BLUE DISH - Aheavy,shallow,small,ceramicorglass/pyrex dishorcupisideal,asitwonttipovereasily.Plasticsareokay,polyethylenepreferred.Usedtopreventcontaminatingyoursupplybottle ofOxpho-bluewithrepeateddippingsoftheApplicatorPads. COTTON APPLICATOR PADS - Make several cotton pads about 2"
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smallpiece(aboutthesizeofyourthumb)ofoneofthenewApplicator Pads and dampen it in the Oxpho-Blue, then squeeze out the pad thoroughly.Youwantthepadjustdampenoughthatwhenyourub itonthesurfaceofthegun,thesurfacestaysdampbehindthepad, butnotwet.Lightlystrokethedamppadoverthegun,watchingto seethatthegrayish-lookingsurfaceturnsblackevenlyasyouwipe overit. 9) BURNISH ENTIRE GUN WITH #00 Dry Clean Steel Wool. With dry#00CleanSteelWool,verylightlygoovertheentiregun,being suretheblackcolorisevenandtherearenostreaks. 10) APPLY LIGHTER, SECOND COLORING COAT. You can apply a much, much lighter second coat of Oxpho-Blue to the gun if you wish. It is difficult to prevent streaking and uneven colors in this secondcoat. 11) REMOVING STREAKS; DARKENING LIGHT AREAS. Occasionally,youwillgetstreaksorsmallareaswhichwillbelighter in color; or once in a very great while, a gun, for reasons unknown, refuses to take a good color.This can happen when the surface has becomepacifiedforonereasonoranother.Ifyoufindspotsthatdid notcolor,ordidnotcolorevenly: 1) osition the gun or part as rigidly as possible so it can be P rubbedwithconsiderablepressurewithoutbouncingaround. 2) ake a pad from a small piece of #00 Dry, Clean, SteelWool M abouthalfthesizeofyourthumb.Beforeusingit,squeezethe padflatbetweenfingerandthumb. 3) lightly dampen the #00 Clean Steel Wool pad with OxphoS Blue.Wetitonlyenoughsothatwhenthepadisused,itwill justdampenthesurfaceofthegun.

4) akethedampened,Clean,SteelWoolPadinonehand,anda T well-crumpledBrownPaperTowelintheotherhand.Firstrub the surface you wish to darken with the Oxpho-Blue-dampened,Clean,SteelWoolPad,andthenimmediatelyburnishthe dampenedspotdrywiththeBrownPaperTowel. 5) ftheareaislarge,oryouaredoinganentiregun,doonlya I small1"x3"areaatatime.Experiencewilltellyouhowlarge an area to attempt, but always keep it fairly small. You can repeatthisoperationovertheentiresurfaceofthegunifyou wish,oronasmanyspotsasyoufind.Doneoverall,itgivesa good,even,lustrousblackfinishwithnovisibleoverlapping. 12) RINSE GUN THOROUGHLY IN RUNNING WATER, then shake, airbloworlightlywipedry.Afterthebluejobhassetforafewhours orovernight,oilwithBrownellsWaterDisplacingOil,Pro-TekOil,or agood,non-exoticgunoil.DoNotuseanyoftheExoticWonderOils, for they cause the same problems with new Oxpho-Blue as they do withnewOxynateNo.7bluejobs.[Seepage9,#2.]Astimepasses, theOxpho-Bluefinishwilldarkenup,seeminglyallonitsown. 13) LET THE NEW BLUE CURE OVERNIGHT, after oiling. The nextday,wipeoffanyexcessoilwithasoftclothandreassemblethe gun. 14) COLOR BLENDING. When you simply cannot get the overall uniformcolorthatyouwant,havingtriedallofthetechniquesgiven above, we suggest you use the Color Blending technique used for Oxynate No. 7 bluing jobs. [See page 12, #17) for details.]This has workedwellforusinthepast.

DICROPAN IM COLD BLUING

THE NEW BROWNELL METHOD Using the New Improved Formula
A PROFESSIONAL, ACCELERATED, HOT WATER BLUING SYSTEM
Dicropan IM has been available to the Professional Gunsmith for many years, but the techniques for applying it have been complex, varied, and not often satisfactory for many shops who tried it. Because it was often difficult to use, we asked our Consulting Chemiststotrytodosomethingwiththeformulathatwouldmakeit easiertogetaperfectjob.Essentially,whatwasdonewastotakeout mostofthealcoholandadjustafewoftheothercomponentstomake the Dicropan IM more forgiving, less likely to permanently streak, andmuch,mucheasiertoapply. We then asked our Technical Support Staff to take advantage of thisnew,greatlyimprovedformulatocreateanapplicationtechnique thatwouldworkreliably,repeatedlyandgivethebest,toughest,and longest-lastingHotWaterBluingSystemavailable. The resulting combination of new formula and new technique is absolutely incredible. The New Improved Formula Dicropan IM is soeasytouseandsoadaptable,andthenewapplicationprocedure, takingfulladvantageoftheseimprovements,issofoolproofthatwe highlyrecommendittoanyonewhowantsasuperiorbluingjobwithouttheexpenseandequipmentrequiredforhotdipsystems. DicropanIMisidealforsmallshopsthathaveonlyafewgunsto blue; large shops wanting to blue old doubles that wouldnt survive theOxynateNo.7HotTank,andtheserioushobbyistswhowantto createtheirownperfect,professionalbluingjobswithaminimumof expenseandhassle. When properly applied - that means when these instructions are followedcorrectly- a DicropanIM blue job is so tough and so longlastingthatyousimplycannotdamageitwithsteelwool.Asoneof our men remarked, The only way youre going to get this blue off with Steel Wool is if you can rub it hard and fast enough to make sparksandgrinditoff! Pleasefollowthestepsintheordergiven,andexactlyasgiven. youwillneedaBlackIronorStainlessSteeltankandanappropriateheatsource(weuseaHotWaterTankPipeBurner)tobringthe CleaningSolutiontooperatingtemperatureandmaintainitthere. FLOWING COLD WATER RINSE TANK:Ideally,itshouldbesetupasa top-overflowtanktomakeitself-cleaningandpreventredepositing residue from the cleaning operation - or theAcid Pickling Solution -ontheguns.Bykeepingthesurfacecleanedoff,thescrubbedgunor partisbroughtbackupthroughacleanwatersurfaceandcomesout cleaninsteadofbeingrecoatedwiththecrudjustscrubbedoffit.This simple modification will solve most of your surface contamination problemsandthusyourspecklingandspottingproblems,too. BOILING WATER TANK: This is a heated tank, and you will need a Black Iron or Stainless Steel Tank and an appropriate heat source (weuseaHotWaterTankPipeBurner)tobringthewatertoahard boilandbeabletomaintainitthere. DICROPAN IM APPLICATION SWAB:Twoindividualonesareneeded for each gun you blue. We recommend our Shop Swab (#080-529040). a) ThefirstswabisusedfortheinitialcoatingofDicropanIMon themetal.ThechemicalreactionoftheDicropanIMandthesteelin thisfirstapplicationleaveamuddyslurryonthebarrelandtheswab, making it too cruddy to use for additional applications of Dicropan IM,anditshouldbediscarded. b) Thesecondswabcanbeusedfortheremainderoftheapplications. c) Makeeachswabbycuttingabouta4"lengthfromthelegofa pairofpantyhose,andtyingoneendclosedtightly.Stufftheresulting bag tightly with a couple handfuls of cotton balls, then tie a knot intheopenend.Wemakeourswabsbetween1"to2"across,(about 112 times the size of a golf ball). We also make them very firm so whentheygetwettheyretaintheirsizeandshape,andholdlotsof DicropanIMsolution. DICROPAN IM DISH:A heavy, shallow, small, ceramic or glass/pyrex dishorcupisidealbecauseitwonttipovereasily.Plasticsareokay, polyethylene preferred. Used to prevent contaminating your supply bottleofDicropanIM. DEGREASED, DRY, CLEAN, STEEL WOOL: Is made by removing the protective oil applied by the manufacturer to keep the Steel Wool from rusting during shipment and storage. Since this oil will contaminatethesurfaceofthesteelandcausetheDicropanIMBlueto streakanddiscolor,itismandatorythatonlyDegreased,Dry,Clean, SteelWoolbeused.

EQUIPMENT NEEDED
TCE CLEANER DEGREASER:Usedintheveryfirstpre-cleaningstep to remove grease and oils from the parts being blued, plus used to cleantheoilfromyourSteelWool. 909 CLEANING SOLUTION TANK: Because this is a heated tank,
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GUNSMITH CLEANING PADS AND WET STRENGTH PAPER TOWELS:These100%cottonpadsareidealforusewithTCE,acid,to wipethingsdry,andsoon.Kitchenpapertowelscanbeusedifyouget the kind that havewet strength; otherwise they disintegrate just whenyouneedthemmost!Wealsocoverourworkbenchwiththese kitchen paper towels to absorb the water and Dicropan IM dripped duringthebluingprocess. RUBBER GLOVES:Mustbewornfor3importantreasons:1)toprotectyourhandsfromthehotwaterandtheheatbuilduponthemetal; 2)toprotectthegunpartsfromyourbodyoils,sweatandothercontaminantscarriedonyourhands;and3)toprotectyourhandsfrom being stained by the Dicropan IM Solution, or to protect you from allergicreactionsifyouhappentobesensitivetoanyofthechemicals it contains. We recommend Playtex-type kitchen gloves (our glove ModelNS-35)whichgiveexcellentfeelandstandupwelltoallthe chemicalsusedintheDicropanIMprocess.Theyrenotastoughas the NL-34, N-36, N-54 andTemp-Tec gloves we sell, but the added feel and gripping ability is needed when handling small parts and usingtheswabandsteelwool.Wedonotrecommendsurgical-weight rubberglovesbecausetheysimplyrubapartonyourhandsthefirst timeyoucardthemetalwiththeSteelWool. WATER DISPLACING OIL:You will require about a 3" depth in your tank for proper soaking. We strongly recommend you use Water Displacing Oil, for it actually removes every molecule of water and replaces it with a molecule of oil.A 6" x 6" x 40" tank will require about3gallonsofWaterDisplacingOiltoachievea3"depth.Ifthe 1-Tank Method is being used, 1 gallon ofWater Displacing Oil will besufficient. ACID PICKLE: We consider the Acid Pickle to be a user option. We havetriedanumberofpieceswithandwithouttheAcidPickle,and couldfindnoparticulardifferenceinthewayinwhichtheDicropan IMtook.However,youmaywellrunacrossagunthatcausesyou totearoutyourhair,andifthatdoeshappen,youmaybeabletoget it to blue by using theAcid Pickle.Therefore, we have included the procedurehere. UseeitherMuriaticorHydrochloricAcid32%solutiondiluted9to 1withwater.

1 AND 4 TANK METHODS

The only difference between the two methods is the number of tanks you use; the steps for applying the Dicropan IM Solution are exactlythesame.Therefore,youwillneedtofollowthechangesteps given below under the heading1-Tank Method when only 1Tank was used. When the 4-Tank Method is used, no changes to these instructions are required, and you can skip directly to the 4-Tank Methodsectionbelow. 1-TANK METHOD: This simplified, 1-Tank Method uses the same chemicalsandproceduresasthe4-TankMethodbutdoessowitha kitchen or camp stove (or pipe burner if you have one), as the heat sourceandonly1BlackIronorStainlessSteelTank.ThissingleTank is used first, to hold and heat the 909 Cleaning Solution, and later, theBoilingWater. Therefore, in simplest terms, the only thing required is that you dump the 909 Cleaning Solution, flush out the tank, add hot tap water,andbringittoavigorousboil.Wehavemarkedtheplacefor youtomakethischangewithan*below,andhaveexplainedwhat to do. In addition, you will have to provide a Flowing Cold Water Rinse, and the places where this is required are also marked with an*. In the Starting Up Tanks and Solutions section, the change requiredforthe1-TankMethodismarkedwithan*,andis: CHANGE 1 *2With only one tank, you cannot start the Boiling Water Tank beforehand. Fill the boiling water Tank only after you have completed the 909 Cleaning solution step and have dumped the 909 Cleaning Solution and flushed the Tank thoroughly with running water. In the Step-By-Step Dicropan IMBlung Technique section, the changesrequiredforthe1-TankMethodaremarkedwithan*,and are:(Seenextcolumn.) CHANGE 2 * 2Once the cleaned pieces are removed from the 909 Cleaning solution Tank and rinsed thoroughly in the flowing Cold Water Rinse, shake the excess water off the parts and lay them aside on clean paper towels in a safe place. (If minute rust forms on the surface of the metal, it is of no consequence because the parts will begin to rust heavily just as soon as they are put into the boiling Water.) Next, carefully dump the 909 Cleaning Solution into a heat-proof container for later disposal, or it can be poured directly down a sanitary sewer drain. Be careful, the 909 Cleaning solution is very hot and can cause severe heat burns if splashed on you. Flush the Tank thoroughly with running water, place it back over your heat source and put enough hot tap water into it to give a minimum depth of 4" of water. Turn on the heat and bring the hot water up to a vigorous rolling boil. CHANGE 3 *3Use a sink with a faucet, a bucket with a garden hose or any other flowing water source to completely flush off all traces of the 909 Cleaning Solution. CHANGE 4 *5Use a sink with a faucet, a bucket with a garden hose or any other flowing water source to completely flush off all traces of the Acid Pickle Solution. CHANGE 5 * 18 A tank need not be used for this step. Saturate a clean, soft cloth liberally with Water Displacing Oil. Holding the blued parts over a catch container, soak all surfaces of the blued piece with the Water Displacing Oil. Be especially sure to get liberal amounts of Water Displacing Oil inside the barrels, chambers, actions, all other recesses and hidden areas, and on all outside surfaces. The Water Displacing Oil cannot do its job of removing all water and protecting the metal if you dont cover all metal surfaces thoroughly.

GUN PREPARATION
1) PREPARE THE SURFACE OF THE METAL -tobebluedbypolishing,tothedesiredgritlevel,blasting,wirewheelbrushing,etc.Ifthe surface is polished, stop with 400 grit Polish-O-Ray.We have found thatpolishingwithPolish-O-Rayorbrushingwithawirewheelgives the best surfaces to blue with Dicropan IM. Blasted surfaces are extremelydifficulttocard,andyoucannotgetagoodjobwhenyou trytoSteelWooltheparts.Also,werecommendthatyoudonotpolish with500and555gritPolish-O-Raybecausetheygivetoohighlypolishedafinishwhichcausesunevennessindensity,depthanduniformityofcolorinDicropanIMBluing.(Wedontknowwhy,itjustseems tohappenthatway!)Allyourextraworktogetthefinerpolishwillbe wasted,andyouwillnotbehappywiththefinishedbluejob. 2) WHEN BLUING DOUBLE BARRELED GUNS - if there are no drain holes into the cavity between the barrels, drill two 332" holes into the cavity through the section of under-rib beneath the forend wheretheywillnotshowwhenthegunisassembled.Thesevents relievethepressurebuildupcausedwhentheairtrappedbetweenthe barrelsgetshotandexpandsintheboilingwater,andtheydrainout anywaterthatseepsbetweenthebarrelsandribs. 3) MAKE A CAREFULLY FITTED, LONG, WOODEN PEG - to fit one end of the barrel, or design some other type of holding mechanism thatisjustaseffectivetoavoidtouchingthebarrelsduringthebluing operation.Weusetwoplugsondoublebarrelswithoneplugineach barrel,atoppositeends,soneitherbarrelispluggedatbothends.We alsouseaBlackIronWireloopthroughpartsandbarrelssowecan hangthemeasilyinthetanks. 4) MAKE WOODEN DOWELS TO LAY ACROSS THE TANKS - or install Suspension Racks in the Boiling Water Tank and Water Displacing OilTank to keep guns and parts from coming in contact with edges or bottom/sides of the tank. See #13, page 11 for details on building Suspension Racks. We generally use the dowels as THandlesateachendoftheSoftIronWire.Simplywraptheendof the wire around the center of the dowel tight enough to keep from slipping,andwindonenoughwiretomakethetotallengthofthewire shortenoughtokeeppartsfromtouchingthebottomofthetank.

OPERATING INSTRUCTIONS
STARTING UP TANKS AND SOLUTIONS (1) DEGREASE 2 PADS OF #1 STEEL WOOL per gun to be blued, using the method below. Remember, the Steel Wool Must Be Degreased, Dry and Clean before you use it. a) Clean the Steel Wool by unfolding the pad into a strip, then sloshing and soaking it in a bath of TCE. This removes the oil better, and helps it to dry much faster. The Steel Wool must be dry before using with Dicropan IM. Steel Wool still damp with TCE, or otherwise wet or oily will ruin the bluing job completely. b) For applying Dicropan IM, you will need at least 2 pads per gun of #1 Degreased, Dry, Clean, Steel Wool prepared before beginning. FILL BOILING WATER TANK *(2)water contains no copper, zinc,with fresh clean water. Be sure your aluminum or other metallic ions.
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Review Technical Information on Water Quality for proper water source. Contaminated water will definitely ruin a Dicropan IM bluing job. * (For 1-Tank Method, see Change 1, Page 20.) a) Turn on heat source under Tank. Heat-up time required for full tank to boil: 20-30 minutes, typically. (3) START 909 CLEANING SOLUTION TANK 10-15 minutes before beginning the bluing operation. a) Mix a fresh batch of Dicro-Clean 909 Cleaning Solution at the rate of 5 ounces (by weight of Dicro-Clean 909) to 1 gallon of water. Do Not keep 909 Cleaning Solution from bluing day to bluing day. Start with a fresh batch each time you make a bluing run. b) Stir Cleaning solution frequently during heat-up and dissolve. Time required: 10-15 minutes. c) Stablize operating temperature at 180 F Do Not Boil Dicro-Clean . 909 Cleaning Solution. (4) POUR SMALL AMOUNT OF DICROPAN IM DIRECTLY FROM Y OUR SUPPLY BOTTLE INTO THE DISH. Do Not Dilute or alter the Dicropan IM in any way or this New Improved Formula technique will not give optimum results. (5) MAKE ACID PICKLE SOLUTION (OPTIONAL). Use either Muriatic or Hydrochloric Acid diluted to a 10% solution. a) To make the Acid Pickle Solution: Mix 1 part of 18 Baum Muriatic Acid or 32% Hydrochloric Acid (same acid; just has two names) with 9 parts of distilled or deionized/filtered water. Use Acid strengths listed only; swimming pool acid concentrations are too weak. Acids available from Brownells, or local brick masons supply store or lumberyard. b) You must not use an Acid Pickle Solution dip because it is very nearly impossible to keep the Acid Pickle out of the bore of the gun, and it will definitely etch surfaces you want left perfect!

OF THE pad 8 VIGOROUSLY CARD THE SURFACE Wool to METAL with a light of #1 Degreased, Dry, Clean, Steel remove what

surface rust that formed in the Boiling Water Tank from the action of the free oxygen on the super-clean metal surface. There may be slight discolorations of the metal which will not come off. These seem to clear up later in the bluing procedure, and generally do not affect final color. APPLY DICROPAN IM TO METAL. Using one of the swabs that you made, apply the initial coat of Dicropan IM liberally over the entire metal surface. Use swabs-full of Dicropan IM, and dont worry about runs or streaks. Put on as much Dicropan IM as you can for 1 minute, being sure to get lots on the metal. Because of the difference in metal mass within parts - between the barrel and breech area, for instance - you will find that some areas stay wet and others retain enough heat to continue to evaporate the Dicropan IM. In all of our testing, this doesnt seem to make a difference as long as you liberally cover all the metal with Dicropan IM.

IN WATER TANK for 5 minutes 10 SUSPEND PARTST BOILINGor on Suspension Racks. from hanging wire and handles, and shake off 11 REMOVE PARTS FROM BOILING WATER TANK,water will evapoexcess water. Because the metal is very hot, the rate very quickly. Allow the part to completely air dry. Do not start the next step until the part is completely dry.

WARNING:

Wear face shield, rubber apron and rubber gloves when mixing and/or using any of the chemicals mentioned in these instructions. Use these products ONLY in a well ventilated area. Keep all products Out of Reach of Children. WIPE DOWN PARTS WITH oil, grease and 1 crud; this includes the boreTCE to remove alland ALL external plus ALL internal

surfaces and parts. Use plenty of TCE and clean, Gunsmith Cleaning Pads or Wet Strength kitchen paper towels to get parts completely clean. For extremely dirty parts, soak in TCE bath, or use an Ultrasonic Cleaning Tank.

IN 909 CLEANING *2 SUSPEND PARTSsure FRESH dirt, grease, oil andSOLUTION to clean again to be that all crud are com-

pletely removed. Even minute quantities of oil will cause a slick on surface of Boiling Water Tank and streak bluing. So, parts Must be clean so no oil is carried over into the Boiling Water Tank. Operating Temperature: 180 F. Immersion Time: 10-20 minutes. * (For 1-Tank Method, see Change 2, Page 20.)

RINSE CLEANED WATER RINSE *3 TANK. Scrub parts PARTS IN FLOWING COLDBrush to remove thoroughly with Rinse Tank

all traces of 909 Cleaning Solution. * (For 1-Tank Method, See Change 3, Page 20.)

this 4 ACID PICKLE. (If you wish to useparts optional step, this is where it goes in sequence.) Remove from Flowing Cold Water Rinse Tank, and shake off excess water. a) Apply the Acid Pickle Solution by holding the part vertically over a catch container (plastic dishpan or Fiberglass Tank is ideal), and swab copious amounts of the Acid Pickle Solution over the part with a Gunsmith Cleaning Pad. Use lots of Acid Pickle Solution and work quickly. As the etch develops, the metal turns gray. Keep applying the Acid until you get an overall uniform texture on the part. IN FLOWING COLD WATER RINS *5 RINSE ACID-PICKLED PARTSthoroughly in Rinse Tank to remove E TANK. Dip and slosh parts all traces of the Acid Pickle solution. * (For 1-Tank Method, see Change 4, Page 20.) IN TANK for 5 6 SUSPEND PARTS TBOILING WATERSuspension minutesinfrom hanging wire and handles, or on Racks the bottom of the tank. REMOVEPART FROM shake off 7 excess water. BecauseBOILING WATER TANK, and water will the metal is very hot, the evaporate very quickly. Allow the part to completely air dry. Do not start the next step until the part is completely dry.

NOTE:Thefollowingstepisthesinglemostimportantstepinthe entire Dicropan IMbluing procedure, so before we ask you to do it, we want you to understand how to do it properly - and what the consequencesareifyoudonot.Followtheseinstructionscarefully;if youdonot,yourjobwillnotcomeoutaswellasitcan,norliveupto yourexpectations! 1) After the first application of Dicropan IM to the parts and theirremovalfromtheBoilingWaterTank,thepartswillbesobadly coveredwithamuddybrowncrud,heavysplotchesandotherdiscolorationsthatyouwillthinkyouarelookingattherealizationofyour worstnightmaresaboutbluing,andthatyouhaveamajorscrew-up. Takeheart;suchisnotthecase.Thepartsaresupposedtolooklike thatafterthefirstDicropanIMapplicationandBoilingWatersoak. 2) Toremovethiscrudandcorruption,youmustdothefollowing stepsexactlyandcompletely.Ifyoudonot,youwillprobablyendup withstainingordiscolorationsthatcanonlyberemovedbyrepolishingandrebluingthepart. a) THEPART,YOURGLOVESANDTHESTEELWOOLMUST ALLBEABSOLUTELYBONEDRY.Oncethiscrudisdry,ifit gets wet from any source, the mud will make a permanent stainonthemetalthatcannotberemovedshortofrepolishing. DO NOTTOUCHTHEPARTWITHHANDSORGLOVES. If you get a wet spot on the part at this time - from touching it withwetgloves,forinstance-orreactivatethemud,apermanent stain will probably result. (You even have to dry off your rubber gloves before working with the part.) Holding the part bythewoodplugorotherrigid,solidholdingmethod(thewires arenotrigidenough),vigorouslycardoffthedrycrud,rustand corruptionwiththesamepadof#1Degreased,Dry,Clean,Steel Wool used in Step 8. Pay special attention to any blemishes. Rubthemlongenoughandhardenoughtoremovethediscolorations.OccasionallyturntheSteelWoolpadtoafreshworking surfaceforbestcuttingaction.Card,CardandCard-literally rubbingyourgutsoutbecauseyoumusthavethemetalperfect atthispoint.Thesteelwillturnauniform,shinygraycolorthat yousimplycannotcardoffnomatterhowaggressivelyyourub. Thecrudcomesoffasadrypowder. b) If slight discolorations or blemishes still persist, continue withthebluingprocessaslongastheyarenottheresultofhavinggottenthemetal/crudwetduringthecardingoperation.The stainingcausedbywettingthemetalorre-activatingthecrud neverseemstocomeoutcompletely,andyoumightaswellstop nowandrepolishthegunandbeginagainwithoutwastingany further effort. The other blemishes that are a result of inconsistenciesinthesteelseemtoblendinbythetimeyouhave completedthesecondorthirdapplicationofDicropanIM. c) When you are through with the carding in Step 12, throw awayboththeswabandthesteelwoolusedtoapplyandcard thisinitialapplicationofDicropanIM.Theyareboththoroughly contaminated and cruddy, and you do not want to chance any of the mud you carded off being reactived during a later application.Wealsochangethepapertowelsonthetopofthe workbenchatthistime,too,tomakesurenomuddustisstill aroundtocontaminateyourworkandcauseyougrief. d) Nowthatyouunderstandwhatyoumustdointhenextstep, proceedtoStep12.
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EP THE WAY IT IS OUTLINED IN THE NOTE SECTION ABOVE. If you choose not to follow our instructions, you will probably ruin the bluing job and have to repolish and reblue the gun. Therefore, you might as well do it right the first time! SECOND COAT OF METAL. 13 APPLY THE clean swab, apply DICROPAN IM TO THEDicropan Using the the second coat of IM liberally over the entire metal surface. Use swabs-full of Dicropan IM, and dont worry about runs or streaks. Put on as much Dicropan IM as you can for 1 minute, being sure to get lots on the metal. As before, because of the difference in metal mass within parts, some areas stay wet and others continue to evaporate the Dicropan IM. As long as you very liberally cover all the metal with Dicropan IM, it doesnt seem to make any difference. (You can use this second swab for the remainder of the applications of Dicropan IM.)

METAL with a 12 VIGOROUSLY CARD THE SURFACE OF THE MUST DO THISpad of #1 Degreased, Dry, Clean, Steel Wool. You ST

the next step, inspect the blued parts very carefully under natural light or under bright, incandescent light (a traditional light bulb, not a fluorescent tube) for any color variations. We have found that very minor blemishes tend to blend in during the overnight curing in Step 20. If larger blemishes or discolored areas exist, use a new pad of #1 Degreased, Dry, Clean, Steel Wool, and card the bejeebers out of them. a) Go back to Steps 13 through 16 and apply another entire coat of Dicropan IM to the part and card it thoroughly. Do not try to just touch-up a spot you have carded because you will usually end up with a non-blended area of a slightly different color, and that is what you were trying to cure when you carded the blemished area! Weve had very good luck getting these occasional color variations to blend into the rest of the bluing. DISPLACING After the 18 SUSPEND PARTS IN WATERthe color that isOIL TANK.achieved, last carding is completed and wanted is

TANK for minutes 14 SUSPEND PART IN BOILING WATERSuspension 5Racks. from hanging wire and T handles, or on BOILING WATER TANK, and shake off 15 REMOVE PART FROMthe metal is very hot, the water will evapoexcess water. Because rate very quickly. Allow the part to completely air dry. Do Not start the next step until the part is completely dry.

VIGOROUSLY OF THE METAL the 16 second pad of CARD THE SURFACEClean, Steel Wool with you #1 Degreased, Dry, that

made. (You can use this pad for the remainder of the carding operations.) The rust will come off as a light, reddish-brown powder. Card the metal very hard and very vigorously. The Dicropan IM blued surface is so tough you simply cannot card it off no matter how aggressively you rub, tho you may be able to lighten it a little. (Subsequent coats darken these spots.) Occasionally, turn the Steel Wool pad to a fresh working surface for best cutting action. The steel will turn a uniform, shiny blue color that progressively darkens with additional coats of Dicropan IM.

wipe off the parts with a clean Gunsmith Cleaning Pad and suspend the parts in the Water Displacing Oil Tank. We leave parts in the Water Displacing Oil for a minimum of 30 minutes, although longer is fine if you like. Be sure to put the parts on racks or suspended by a wire to keep them off the bottom and out of the water that has collected there, and on which the Water Displacing Oil is floating. a) We strongly urge you to use Water Displacing Oil which actually removes every molecule of water and replaces it with a molecule of oil, giving you and your customer the finest rust-proofing protection available in the firearms industry or any other industry! (For 1-Tank Method, see Change 5, Page 18.)

IN it to 19 DISCARD DICROPAN youREMAINING DISH: Do not returnmain your supply bottle as will definitely contaminate your supply.

20

REMOVE PARTS FROM WATER DISPLACING OIL AND LET THE NEW BLUE CURE THOROUGHLY. We prefer at least overnight. (Usually the very minor blemishes will have blended in during this curing period.) The next day, wipe any excess oil off the parts with a clean, soft cloth and reassemble the gun.

REPEAT COLOR 17 DESIREDSTEPS 13THROUGH 16 UNTILTHE DEPTH OFDicropan IS ACHIEVED.Normally about 5 to 6 coats of

IM will give a wonderfully deep, blue color. Before proceeding to

POLISHING SUPPLIES AND THEIR USE

Inasmuchastheattractivenessofyourcompletedbluejobislargelydeterminedbythequalityofyourpolishingjobpriortotheactual bluing,toomuchstresscannotbeplacedonthepolishingequipment tobeused. When making your decision as to which type or brand of polish youaregoingtobuy,alwaysbearinmindthatapolishwhichdries toahard,brittlesurfacewillinvariablycausedeepscratchesinyour work,makingitnecessaryforyoutospenduntoldhoursofneedless additionalpolishingtogetthefinishyouwant. Brownells Polish-O-Ray is the answer to the gunsmiths prayers anddreams.Itdoesnotgetglasshard,doesnotemitoffensiveodors wheninuse,isexceptionallyfastcuttingandaboveall,itisgreaseless.Polish-O-Raycanbeappliedtoyourpolishingwheelswhenrunningatoperatingspeeds,thusassuringaneven,truecuttingsurface. Itpolishesfastandleavesagood,smoothpolishingsurfacethatwill notgougethemetal. PracticallyalltheleadinggunmenofthiscountryandCanadause Polish-O-Rayexclusivelyintheirshops.Itisindeedwithagreatdeal ofpridethatwepointtotheseusersandthevolumesofpraisethey writeBrownellsregardingitssuperlativequalities. Polish-O-Ray comes packed in two-pound tubes with metal ends and foil lining to retain the proper moisture content. Before opening the tube, prepare a storage container in the following manner: Obtainawidemouthjarsuchaspeanutbutterispackedin.Besure themouthofthejariswideenoughtopermitinsertionofthetube. Inthebottomofthejar,placeapieceofclothorahandfulofsawdust. Dampenthissothatitfeelsdampbutnotwet.Whenthepolishis notinuse,insertitintothejarwiththeopenendofthetuberesting LIGHTLYon the dampened material. If storage is to be prolonged, packdamppaperaroundtheopenendofthejarandsidesofthetube andstoreinacooldampplace.(Easy-storeplasticbagsaresupplied withPolish-O-Rayforyourstorageconvenience.)
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Always store in cool place. Refrigerate during warm weather!

HOW TO USE POLISH-O-RAY

Tearofftheunmarkedmetalcapfromoneend.Besureandleave on the end showing grit size. Then, using a pair of pliers, tear the paper down one side of the tube for approximately 12".The tube is nowreadytobepressedagainstthepolishingwheel. BeforeapplyingthePolish-O-Raytothewheel,besurethewheelis inproperconditiontoreceivethepolish.Forsatisfactoryperformance ofthepolishandthepolishingoperation,thewheelmustbeinbalancewiththesurfacetrue.(SeeTruingAndLoadingSectionbelow.) Turnonyourpolishingoutfitandwiththetornsideofthetubedown, presstheopenendagainstthefaceofthespinningwheel.Holdthere untilsufficientpolishhasbuiltuponthewheelandthenremovethe tubewithaquick,upwardmotion. Oncethewheelsarebrokenintheywillnotthrowquitesomuch polishoverthefloorandwallswhenpolishisbeingapplied.Acertain amount of throwing will always occur, however, so for cleanliness sake,itisbesttohavedirtcatchersaboveandbehindthewheel. Asthepolishwearsdown,applyalittlemorefromthepropertube. Donottrytopolishwithoutsufficientpolishonthewheels.Indamp weatheritisoftennecessarytoletthewheelrunforthirtytosixty seconds after applying Polish-O-Ray before it will be dry enough to performproperly.Attemptingtopolishwithgreenpolishontheface ofthewheelonlytransfersgreenpolishtothesurfaceofthemetal. Thismustbewashedoffwithwaterwhenitoccurs. RPMrecommendation:6"to8"wheels,1750rpm.

TRUING AND LOADING NEW FELT AND MUSLIN POLISHING WHEELS

If your new wheels are not trued and your polishing motor is absolutelyvibrationandbounce-free,itiscategoricallyimpossibleto
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turnoutfirstclasswork.Ripplesaregoingtoformonthesurfaceof thepartsyouarepolishing,nomatterhowhardyoutrytoholdthem steady.Thecureissimple:boltthepolishingbuffertoitspedestal, andthepedestaltothefloor.Makethemountingsosolidthatwhen you lean into the buffer at the end of the wheel arbor, nothing will move. TRUING NEW FELT WHEELS - UseourBuffingWheelRakeorthe endofanoldfileorraspasyourtruingtool,andoperatingthesetup likeawoodlathe,faceoffthewheeluntilitisrunningperfectlytrue onyourmotorshaft.Whenyouthinkyouhaveittrue,holdasoftlead pencilonthetoolrestandjustlightlytouchthetruedsurfaceofthe spinningwheel.Removethepencilandshutoffthemotor.Whenthe pencillinegoesallthewayaroundthewheelfacewithoutgaps,the wheelistrue. Thisjobhastobedoneonallnewwheels,fortheyareneverexactly truetocenterwhentheycomefromthemanufacturer.And,justlike thefinesttiresyoucanbuy,theymustbebalanced.Youcannotdothis jobfreehandwithaCleaningBrick.Itshouldbeusedlaterremovingoldpolishfromanexistingwheel. TRUING STITCHED AND LOOSE MUSLIN WHEELS - Mount 3 or 4, 38"individualwheels,or1,90-plywheel,onthearborasrequired tomakeupaworkingfaceofatleast1"wide.(Beforefirstmounting StitchedMuslinWheel,takeasharpknifebladeandinsertitintothe narrowfaceofthewheel,andcutthroughaboutthefirst2spirals ofstitching,butnotdeeperthanabout 34"-1".Thisallowsthefaceto roll-overproperly.) Next,putonadustfiltermask,eyeprotection,ashopapronanda pairofheavyleathergloves.Turnonthebufferandbringuptospeed. HoldtheBuffingWheelRakeoraheavy,old,10"-12"raspcrosswiseto thewheelsfaceandataboutthe4oclockposition,andforceitfirmly into the face of the wheel. Lint, dust, cut threads and fluff will fly wildlyintoyourface.Persistuntilyouhavebrokeninthewheelface androlledoverthesidesalittle.Turnoffthebuffer.Clipthelonger threadsstillhangingtothewheel,flushwiththefaceofthewheelto preventslapmarksinyourpolishingjob. LOADING THE NEW WHEEL - Turn on the buffer and while it is coming up to speed, tear the unlabeled metal end off the tube of Polish-O-Ray,andenoughcardboardtubedownonesidetoexposea wedge-shapedsectionofPolish-O-Ray.Whenthewheelisuptospeed, turnthebufferoff.HoldthetubeofPolish-O-Rayatabout4oclock tothefaceofthewheelwiththewedgeofexposedpolishup,pressup andintothefaceofthewheelfirmly,slowingthewheeldownagainst the polish. Dont drag buffer down too quickly or you will build a glazedsurfacethatwillnotcut.Turnthebufferbackonandletrun atfullspeedfor2-3minutes.Repeattheturn-off-drag-downagainst thepolishstepatleasttwomoretimes.Thisgivesthefirstfaceto thepolishingwheels,andfromthenon,youcanreloadasdiscussed above.

30degreestotheboreonthebarrelandatrightanglesontheaction, youmustpolishwiththenextfinestgritpolishatparalleltothebore onthebarrelandat45degreesontheaction.Continuealternating directionsofpolishingandgritsthroughthefinalpolishingwithNo. 555onaloosemuslinwheel. POLISHING AS ECONOMICALLY AS POSSIBLE: 4-6"x38"StitchedWheels 8-6"x38"LooseMuslinWheels 1- ubeeach#140and#240gritPolish-O-Rayor t #240 and #400 grit Polish-O-Ray depending uponconditionofgun. 1) Load 3 OR 4 STITCHEDwheels with #140 Polish-O-Ray. Travelperpendiculartowheelaxis,thenparallelwithaxisonframe/ actions. 2) Load 4 LOOSEwheels with #240 Polish-O-Ray.Travel lengthwise, then at right angles to axis to remove all former polishing marks.Ifworkingonashotgun,putthe#240Polish-O-Rayon4loose muslinwheelsinsteadofstitchedwheels.GivesaFrostedlookfor no-glareinthefield.(This2-gritpolishingjobistheStandardgrade finish.) Need: HIGH MIRROR AND MASTER MIRROR FINISH POLISHING: Need: 3 or4SoftFeltWheels,6or8" 1 HardFeltWheel,8" 12 oose Muslin Wheel Section, 8" to make 3 L wheelsof4sectionseach 1 ubeeachof#140,#240,#400,#500and#555 t Polish-O-RayinBlack,GrayandWhite 1) ON 6" OR 8" SOFTFELTWHEEL - 1750 rpm - use #140 grit onroughguns;#240gritonaverageguns-toremovepits,mars,etc. Travelat30toboreonbarrel.Travelatrightanglesonaction. 2) ON 6" OR 8" SOFTFELTWHEELUSE#240 GRIT following #140-or#400ona6"or8"SoftFeltWheelfollowing#240-andpolishparalleltoboreonbarrelandata45angleonaction.Removeall formerpolishingmarks. 3) ON4,6"OR8"LOOSEMUSLINWHEELSUSE#400GRITat rightanglestotheentireguntoremoveallformerpolishingmarks. If you are working on a rough gun on which you started with #140 Polish-O-Rayonsoftfelt,then#240onsoftfelt,besuretouse#400 onsoftfeltbeforeusingthe#400onloosemuslin. Theguncannowbebluedforagood,standardfinishwithoutusing finerthan#400grit. 4) FORHIGHMIRRORFINISH, continue with the optional #500gritona6"or8"SoftFeltWheel,polishingat45tothebore. Followthiswith#500gritonLooseMuslinWheelandtravelatright anglestoremoveallgritmarks. 5) ON8" HARDFELTWHEELUSE#555 POLISH-O-RAY at 45 angle to bore on entire gun and remove all the #500 grit polishing marks.DONOToverheat. 6) ON4, 8" LOOSEMUSLINWHEELSUSE#555 GRIT and polish either parellel or a right angle to the bore. Continue - without overheating-bringingtheguntomirrorfinish.(ThisistheMaster gradefinish-theverybest.)

POLISHING PROCESS
A very satisfactory finish for hunting guns can be had by using nothingmorethanGrit#140Polish-O-Ray,onesoftfeltwheelanda one-inchloosemuslinwheel(consistingof3or4,3/8"sections,or1, 90-plywheel).Proceedasfollows:first,gooverallpartstobeblued withthe#140polishontheloosemuslinwheeluntilalldirt,oldblue, rust, etc., has been removed.Then go over the parts with Polish-ORayona6"or8"softfeltwheeltosmooththesurface.Whenallpits and blemishes are removed, return to the muslin wheel and polish outthegritmarkscreatedbythefeltwheeloperation. Theonlypracticenecessarytogetanicefinishasdescribedabove isinlearninghowtotakethepartsfromthewheelwithoutgritslap marks on the metal. To do this, remove the parts from the wheel (while still turning) with a very fast and snappy, downward motion awayfromthefaceofthewheel. Most gun bluers, however, are anxious to produce guns with a higher polish. This takes more equipment, practice and know-how. A full course in gun polishing is to be found in the book Gunsmith Kinks,(#108-001-001)whichgivesalldetailsandstepswithample illustrationstosimplifytheworkforyou.Thefollowingisanexcerpt fromthatchapter. . . .If in working on a gun it is evident that some of the coarse grit steps can be eliminated - because there are no bad pits or rust spotsorthelike-justbesuretokeepinmindthatateachsuccessive polishingstepallgritmarksforeachstepareremovedbeforegoing ontothenextfinergrit...andthatthedirectionofmovementofthe piece across the wheel must be alternated not only with each grit, butmostimportantly,atthenextfinergrit.Forexample,ifyoustart outwithaguningoodconditionon#240Polish-O-Ray,polishingat
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1) Muslinwheelsshouldbeatleast1"wideormoreatperiphery. StitchedmuslinwheelscanbeusedinsteadofFelt,butFeltWheels giveasmootherfinish. 2) Do not attempt to use but one wheel and change grits on that wheel.Itisphysicallyimpossibletoremoveallformerabrasiveparticles.These will make scratch marks in later steps, requiring your startingalloveragaintoremovethem. 3) BecarefulatalltimestoNOTfunnelscrewholesorroundcornersonframesandactions. 4) Usingamarkingpen,markdirectionofrotationofwheelwhen polish was applied. Always return wheel to polishing motor with arrowpointingtherightdirectionforrotation. 5) Whenusing#555oranyothergrease-typepolishingcompound, do not get the surface of the metal parts too hot while polishing or the pores will open and some of the polish will actually penetrate thesurfaceofthemetal.Thisiscalledlapping.Whenthishappens, thefinishedbluejobwillhavelightanddarkstreaks.Theonlycure istorepolishwith#400gritPolish-O-Rayandredothebalancewith the#555.Thewaytochecktoseeifyouaregettingtoohotisbysense oftouch.Whenitishottothetouch,youareintrouble.Anotherpositive check is when the polish commences to pile up on the surface of the metal and form a hard crust that is difficult to remove. Just uselesspressureandslowdownyourmovementofpiecesacrossthe polishingwheel.

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ITEMS TO CONSIDER BUYING FOR POLISHING

POLISH-O-RAY -Instandardgritsfrom#140to#500andNo.555(in eitherWhiteorGrayforfastorslowcut). POLISHING OUTFIT - For the once-in-a-while job, a bench grinder canberiggedtowork.Otherwise,makeupagoodrigorbuyapedestalpolisher.Whateveryouuse,itmustbebolteddownSOLID.Any vibration at all will show up as ripples in your finished bluing job, regardless! LOOSE MUSLIN WHEELS - Used to buff out the grit marks created whenusingfeltand/orstitchedmuslinwheels. STITCHED MUSLIN WHEELS - Can be used instead of Felt Wheels, butFeltWheelsgiveasmootherfinish. FELT WHEELS -Usewhentheverybestpossiblepolishingwheelsurfaceisrequiredordesired.Becauseofsquareedgebetweensidesand polishingfaceofFeltWheel,itallowsyoutopolishdeadflatsurfaces anduptocornersbetterthancanbedoneonaStitchedMuslinWheel on which the polishing face flares and the edges roll over. Gives a smootherfinish. GOOD ASSORTMENT OF FELT BOBS- For inside triggerguards, aroundactions,alongribsandflutes,insharphammerrecesses,etc. Generally,usedwith#140or#240gritPolish-O-Ray. BUFFING WHEEL RAKE -A cleverly designed tool to square-off and breakinthepolishingfaceofMuslinorFeltWheels.Essentialequipmentforanypolishingoperation. HOLD - Many, many gunsmiths find that they will polish a gun, or seriesofgunsandgetthemreadyforbluing,butitcouldbeseveral

days before they can actually blue. During this period the highly polished guns are very subject to rust but you MUSTNOT use any oftheexoticwonderoilsonthematthistimeortheyprobablywill not blue in the Bluing Solution! HOLD was developed for this type ofsituation.Itwillfullyprotectthegunsduringthisholdingperiod andsavetimeandheadaches. EYE GOGGLES AND FILTER MASKS - Required for your personal safetyandprotection. GUNSMITH KINKS Vol. 1 -Chapter5,Pages202to244aredevoted exclusivelytotheartofgunpolishing,withcompleteillustrationson how-to.Worthyearsofexperience! ENCYCLOPEDIA OF MODERN FIREARMS, PARTS AND ASSEMBLY AND THE NRA ASSEMBLY AND DISASSEMBLY BOOK - Taking a strange gun down can present problems. Putting it back together a weekortwolatercanalmostamounttoacatastropheifyoudonot have some sort of a guide to help you.These three books should be close,very close,toyourworkbench.

Bluing Frequently Asked Questions

Brownells staff of professional gunsmiths has answered thousands of bluing questions over the years. Weve included some of the most commonly asked ones here to help save you time and trouble. If you have other questions about bluing, Parkerizing, metal preparation, related products or other firearms questions not covered here, please feel free to contact our technical support staff. FOR TECHNICAL SUPPORT - CALL US AT 800-741-0015
Monday through Friday: 8:30 am to 4:30 pm Central Time

Q A

HOT BLUING

: What should I do to ensure I get good metal finishes when I start bluing?

: Inadditiontofollowingtheinstructionsofthematerials youuse,thekeytoturningoutgoodfinishesistospendthe timecleaningthemetalthoroughly.Then,practiceonscrapsteel BEFOREyouconsiderattemptingtoworkonafirearm.Untilyou canconsistentlygetgoodresultswithscrapsteel,itcanoftenbea wasteoftimeandresourcestostartworkingonfirearms.Also,you runaveryrealriskofruiningagoodfirearm! : What is the red smut I occasionally find on some blued items in my salts tank?

Q A Q A Q

: What can cause gray streaks on parts that have been blued in a caustic salts solution?

: Thiscansometimesbecausedbythepresenceofdirtoroil onthepartswhentheywereplacedinthesaltsbath.More effectivecleaningwilleliminatethisproblem.Dicro-CleanNo.909 (#082-005-008)isanexcellentpartscleanerforthebluingprocess. : How can I add water to my salts bath without so much splatter?

Q A Q

: Manypeoplehavefoundthataddingicewillcutdownon splatter.

:Theredsmutisdepletedsaltresiduethathascomeoutof suspensioninthetankandsettledontheworkpiece. : Will the Oxynate No. 7 salts harm the stainless steel front sight bead on my Remington 1100, or will the bead damage my salts?

: I have a rifle that has a modest amount of bluing wear in certain areas. I want to re-blue it, but I do not want to re-polish the entire gun. Is it necessary to remove all the original finish?

: TheOxynateNo.7willnothaveanyeffectonthestainless steelbeadonyourRemington1100,norwillthebeadhave anynegativeeffectonthesaltsbath.

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: Itispossibletoblueoverexistingbluing,butwedonot encourageit.Bluingmaterial,whetheritisacoldblueor acausticsalt,willbereactingtotwodifferentsurfaces;onethat isbluedandonethatisbaremetal.Thiswillgenerallyleadto differencesinthefinalcolor.Sometimesthiscanbequitesubtle,

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butsometimesitisveryapparent.Itisbesttoworkwithauniform surfacetoobtainaconsistent,uniformcolor.

Q A Q

: When bluing a barrel with a caustic salt such as Oxynate No. 7, will bluing the bore have any negative impact?

Q A Q A

: What is the most common cause of killing or ruining a salts bath?

: Themostcommoncauseofruiningasaltsbathis overheatingthebath.Anytimeyouexceed310F,yourunthe riskofdamagingthesaltsbath. : What color finish will I obtain when bluing with Oxynate No. 7?

: DuringWorldWarII,theU.S.OrdnanceDepartmentdid someextensivetestingtodetermineifbluingwouldhaveany negativeeffectonabarrelbore.Theirconclusionwasthatithadno significantimpactatall,soyoushouldn'tencounteranyproblems withthisprocess.

: Undernormalconditions,OxynateNo.7salts(#082-007-140) willprovideablackfinishtothemetalsurface.

: The instructions with Oxynate "S" state that it should only be added to an old or used bath. What would happen if I added it to a new bath?

: AddingOxynate"S"(#082-029-016or#082-030-032)toanew bathwouldruinthebath.Yoursolutionwillturngrayand willnolongerblueproperly.

Q A Q

POLISHING & METAL PREPARATION

: When should I draw file a barrel?

: Iftheexteriorofthebarrelisheavilypitted,wehavefound thatitisbesttodrawfilethesurfacepriortousinga polishingwheel.

: After I polish my work pieces, it may be some time before I can actually do my bluing. How can I keep them from rusting?

:WestronglyrecommendtheuseofHold(#082-023-128).This preservativeisdesignedtopreventrustpriortobluing.Itis easilyremovedwithBrownellsDicro-CleanNo.909(#082-005-008).

: I'm having trouble getting Polish-O-Ray to stick to the wheel when I am polishing. It is okay when starting, but I cannot recharge the wheel after I start. My buffer is a converted bench grinder. What is wrong?

: Mostbenchgrindersworkat3200to3800rpm.Thisismuch toofastformostbuffing.Youneedawheelrpmof1750-1800 forusewith8"and10"wheels.Whentryingtochargealargewheel spinningat3200+rpm,thepolishendsupslingingeverywhere butwhereyouwantit.Tryaslowermotororusea2to1pulley reductionsystemtoslowdownthespeedofyourwheels.

STAINLESS STEEL & PARKERIZING

: I am currently refinishing an M1 Garand. I had the barrel and a number of other parts re-blued. One of the pieces would not take the bluing. I want to try to Parkerize this piece. Do you have a Parkerizing kit that does not require special equipment?

: Do you have, or know of a cold blue that can be used on stainless steel?

: TheonepartoftheM1thatusuallydoesnotblueisthegas cylinder.ItismadeofanalloythatdoesnotblueorParkerize. Apparently,theoriginalswereiron-platedandthenParkerized.Our recommendationisthatyoueitherbluethecomponentinquestion usingaproductlikeOxynateNo.84(#082-084-140)designedfor stainlesssteel,oruseaspray-on/bake-onfinishlikeBrownells MatteBlackAerosolBakingLacquer(#083-046-801)orAluma-Hyde II(#083-002-012),whichrequiresnobakingbutdoestakeseveral daystocure.OxynateNo.84isahot,causticprocesswhichdoes requireasignificantinvestmentinequipment. : Do you offer a touch up for Parkerizing?

: Atthepresenttime,wearenotawareofanycommercially availablecoldbluethatwillcolorstainlesssteel. : How can I determine if a gun part is stainless steel?

Q A

: Aneasymethodofdeterminingwhetherafirearmpartis madeofstainlesssteelistoapplyabitofcoldbluewitha swab.Ifthepartisstainlesssteel,itwillnotcolor.Youshouldbe carefulwiththis,however,becauseiftheparthasbeenplatedit wouldnotcolorwithacoldblueeither.

Q A

: Unfortunately,wedonotknowofacommerciallyavailable touchupforParkerizing.

076-200-113 R1206

2006 BROWNELLS, INC.

Page 27 of 28

200 S. Front St. Montezuma, IA 50171

Worlds Largest Supplier of Firearms Accessories and Gunsmithing Tools.
Page 28 of 28 2006 BROWNELLS, INC.
076-200-113 R1206

800-741-0015 or 641-623-4000 www.brownells.com