More Example Using Loops

C Programming Loops and Repetitive Computations For
More Example Using Loops

Example 35 (contd)
print the first day printing of first row printing of remaining rows of calendar i= i+1 no exit no i < =n? yes j=1 no i = i+7 m=i+j j = j+1
i < 7? yes printf("%6d", i)
m <= n? yes yes printf("%6d", i) no j <= 7?
printf("\n")
R. K. Ghosh (IIT-Kanpur)
C Programming
January 27, 2011
4 / 10

Example 35 (contd)
#i n c l u d e < s t d i o . h> i n t main ( ) { int i = 0; i n t n , m, day , j , w ; p r i n t f ( E n t e r number o f d a y s i n t h e month : ) ; s c a n f ( %d , &n ) ; p r i n t f ( E n t e r day : ) ; s c a n f ( %d , &day ) ; printf ( Mon Tue Wed Thu Fri Sat Sun \n\n ) ;
/ P r i n t f i r s t row o f t h e c a l e n d a r , and s u b s e q u e n t r o w s o f t h e c a l e n d a r / }
C Programming
January 27, 2011
4 / 10

Example 36 (contd)
// P r i n t t h e f i r s t row o f t h e c a l e n d a r s w i t c h ( day ) { c a s e 1 : w = 6 ; p r i n t f ( %d , w , ++i ) ; w h i l e ( i < 7 ) p r i n t f ( %6d , ++i c a s e 2 : w = 1 2 ; p r i n t f ( %d , w , ++i ) ; w h i l e ( i < 6 ) p r i n t f ( %6d , ++i c a s e 3 : w = 1 8 ; p r i n t f ( %d , w , ++i ) ; w h i l e ( i < 5 ) p r i n t f ( %6d , ++i c a s e 4 : w = 2 4 ; p r i n t f ( %d , w , ++i ) ; w h i l e ( i < 4 ) p r i n t f ( %6d , ++i c a s e 5 : w = 3 0 ; p r i n t f ( %d , w , ++i ) ; w h i l e ( i < 3 ) p r i n t f ( %6d , ++i c a s e 6 : w = 3 6 ; p r i n t f ( %d , w , ++i ) ; w h i l e ( i < 2 ) p r i n t f ( %6d , ++i c a s e 7 : w = 4 2 ; p r i n t f ( %d , w , ++i ) ; default : }
R. K. Ghosh (IIT-Kanpur) C Programming January 27, 2011 4 / 10
) ; break ; ) ; break ; ) ; break ; ) ; break ; ) ; break ; ) ; break ; break ;
p r i n t f ( I n v a l i d day \n ) ;
r e t u r n 1;

Example 36 (contd)
// F i n i s h t h e p r i n t i n g o f t h e p r i n t f ( \n ) ; f i r s t row .
// P r i n t r e s t o f t h e o t h e r r o w s o f t h e c a l e n d a r f o r ( ; i <=n ; i=i +7) { f o r ( j = 1 ; j <= 7 ; j ++) { m =i+j ; i f (m <= n ) p r i n t f ( %6d ,m) ; e l s e break ; } p r i n t f ( \n ) ; }
C Programming
January 27, 2011
4 / 10
C Programming Characters
Programming with Character Types

Scanf Format specication %c in scanf allows to read character. Similarly %c in printf allow character printing. scanf does nt skip white spaces. To skip white spaces, scanf(" %c", &ch); should be used. End of line can be detected by checking if character read is \n
do { s c a n f ( %c , &ch ) ; } w h i l e ( ch != \n ) ; // d e t e c t i n g end o f l i n e
C Programming
January 30, 2011
1/1

Using getcar and putchar C provides functions for single character read/write. getchar() and putchar(). ch = getchar(); reads one character. getchar() returns an int, so can be stored in an int variable. These functions are simpler and ecient (scanf and printf are generic).
do { ch = g e t c h a r ( ) ; } w h i l e ( ch != \n ) ; // d e t e c t i n g end o f l i n e u s i n g g e t c h a r ( ) w h i l e ( ( ch = g e t c h a r ( ) ) != \n ) ; // s i m p l e r v e r s i o n w h i l e ( ( ch = g e t c h a r ( ) ) == ) ; // s k i p p i n g s p a c e s
C Programming
January 30, 2011
1/1

Using getcar and putchar Mixing getchar() and scanf is not advisable. It could create problems as follows:
p r i n t f ( E n t e r an i n t e g e r : ) ; / S c a n f would r e a d i b u t p e e k n e x t c h a r a c t e r ( n o t consumed ) / s c a n f ( %d , & i ) ; p r i n t f ( E n t e r a command : ) ; // R e t u r n s new l i n e o r l e f t o v e r command = g e t c h a r ( ) ; character
C Programming
January 30, 2011
1/1

Example: Length of a Line
#i n c l u d e < s t d i o . h> i n t main ( ) { c h a r ch ; int length = 0; p r i n t f ( Enter a message : ) ; w h i l e ( ( ch = g e t c h a r ( ) ) != \n ) l e n g t h ++; p r i n t f ( L e n g t h o f t h e m e s s a g e : %d\n , l e n g t h ) ; }
C Programming
January 30, 2011
1/1

Example (contd)
#i n c l u d e < s t d i o . h> i n t main ( ) { c h a r ch , nV = 0 , nO = 0 ; p r i n t f ( Enter a message : ) ; w h i l e ( ( ch = g e t c h a r ( ) ) != \n ) { s w i t c h ( ch ) { case a : case e : case i : case o : c a s e u : nV++; b r e a k ; default : nO++; } } p r i n t f ( V o w e l s = %d and l e n g t h = %d\n , nV , nV + nO ) ; }
R. K. Ghosh (IIT-Kanpur) C Programming January 30, 2011 1/1

Ctype.h Denes number of functions on characters. isascii(), isdigit(), isalpha(), isalnum(), isupper, islower(), isxdigit(), ispunct(), toupper(), tolower(), etc.
C Programming
January 30, 2011
1/1

Example
#i n c l u d e <c t y p e . h> #i n c l u d e < s t d i o . h> i n t main ( ) { c h a r ch ; p r i n t f ( \ n V a l i d u p p e r c a s e c h a r a c t e r s : \n ) ; f o r ( ch = 0 ; i s a s c i i ( ch ) ; ch++) i f ( i s u p p e r ( ch ) ) p r i n t f ( %c , t o l o w e r ( ch ) ) : p r i n t f ( \n ) ; p r i n t f ( \ n V a l i d l o w e r c a s e c h a r a c t e r s : \n ) ; f o r ( ch = 0 ; i s a s c i i ( ch ) ; ch++) i f ( i s l o w e r ( ch ) ) p r i n t f ( %c , t o u p p e r ( ch ) ) ; p r i n t f ( \n ) ; }
C Programming
January 30, 2011
1/1

Atoi Given an input consisting of digits read as characters. The program converts the input string to a number. The string may additionally include a negative sign for negative numbers.
C Programming
January 30, 2011
1/1

#i n c l u d e < s t d i o . h> i n t main ( ) { c h a r ch ; int n = 0 , sign = 1; p r i n t f ( Enter a s t r i n g ch = g e t c h a r ( ) ; // i f ( ch == ) { s i g n = 1; // ch = g e t c h a r ( ) ; // } of d i g i t s : ) ; Read f i r s t c h a r a c t e r Handle n e g a t i v e s i g n Read n e x t c h a r a c t e r
do { n = n 10 + ch 4 8 ; // C o v e r s i o n f o r m u l a } w h i l e ( ( ch = g e t c h a r ( ) ) != \n ) p r i n t f ( n = %d \n , n s i g n ) ; }
C Programming
January 30, 2011
1/1

Counting Words Given a input text nd the number of words in it. A word is separated from another word by at least one white space. Any number of white spaces may precede a word. End of the text is signalled by EOF character. EOF character is generated by CTRL-d.
C Programming
January 30, 2011
1/1

More Example Using Loops

Uploaded by

Copyright:

Available Formats

More Example Using Loops

Uploaded by

Document Information

Original Title

Copyright

Available Formats

Share this document

Share or Embed Document

Sharing Options

Did you find this document useful?

Is this content inappropriate?

Copyright:

Available Formats

More Example Using Loops

Uploaded by

Copyright:

Available Formats

C Programming Loops and Repetitive Computations For