Scribd Logo
Upload

Welcome to Scribd!

  • 2K views

    US Civil Rights Movement

    Uploaded by

    saihsuahan
    The document summarizes key events in the US Civil Rights movement from the early 1600s to the 1960s. It describes how Africans were brought as slaves to America, the abolition of slavery in 1865, but the continuation of discrimination under Jim Crow laws until the 1950s-60s. Major events included Brown vs. Board of Education ending school segregation in 1954, the Montgomery Bus Boycott led by MLK Jr. in 1955-56, and MLK's iconic "I Have a Dream" speech in 1963 calling for racial equality and integration.

    Copyright:

    Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd

    US Civil Rights Movement

    Uploaded by

    saihsuahan
    2K views17 pages
    The document summarizes key events in the US Civil Rights movement from the early 1600s to the 1960s. It describes how Africans were brought as slaves to America, the abolition of slavery in 1865, but the continuation of discrimination under Jim Crow laws until the 1950s-60s. Major events included Brown vs. Board of Education ending school segregation in 1954, the Montgomery Bus Boycott led by MLK Jr. in 1955-56, and MLK's iconic "I Have a Dream" speech in 1963 calling for racial equality and integration.

    Original Description:

    CivilRights

    Original Title

    CivilRights

    Copyright

    © Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)

    Available Formats

    PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd

    Did you find this document useful?

    Is this content inappropriate?

    The document summarizes key events in the US Civil Rights movement from the early 1600s to the 1960s. It describes how Africans were brought as slaves to America, the abolition of slavery in 1865, but the continuation of discrimination under Jim Crow laws until the 1950s-60s. Major events included Brown vs. Board of Education ending school segregation in 1954, the Montgomery Bus Boycott led by MLK Jr. in 1955-56, and MLK's iconic "I Have a Dream" speech in 1963 calling for racial equality and integration.

    Copyright:

    Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    2K views17 pages

    US Civil Rights Movement

    Uploaded by

    saihsuahan
    The document summarizes key events in the US Civil Rights movement from the early 1600s to the 1960s. It describes how Africans were brought as slaves to America, the abolition of slavery in 1865, but the continuation of discrimination under Jim Crow laws until the 1950s-60s. Major events included Brown vs. Board of Education ending school segregation in 1954, the Montgomery Bus Boycott led by MLK Jr. in 1955-56, and MLK's iconic "I Have a Dream" speech in 1963 calling for racial equality and integration.

    Copyright:

    Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    of 17

    US Civil Rights movement

    Early America
    1513-Europeans first settled in the New World. 1523-The first African slaves were forced to America. 1776-America declared independence from Britain and become the United States of America. Black Americans are still kept as slaves. 1865-Slavery is made illegal in all states. 1964-Civil Rights Act banned discrimination (housing, employment, unions) against black Americans and gave them the right to vote.

    Africans in America
    1501-1866: 12.5 million Africans were sold into slavery as part of the Atlantic Slave Trade. By 1860, 3.5 million black Americans lived as slaves in the USA. Another 500,000 lived free but faced suffered discrimination and racism.

    Africans in America

    Slavery Ends
    By 1804, all northern US states abolished slavery. Many blacks had fought for Americas independence and had been promised freedom. Southern states refused because their economies (especially cotton) depended on slave labor. Northern and Southern US states went to war in 1861 when the South declared succession from the USA.

    Slavery Ends
    After 4 years of war, the north won the civil war in 1865. A 13th Amendment is added to the US constitution that makes slavery and indentured servitude illegal. While black Americans are no longer slaves, they are far from free.

    Reconstruction (POst slavery)


    Northern armies occupy southern states. The US passed laws banning slavery and giving all men right to vote. Some former slaves moved the north. the to

    However, many slaves could not afford to move and ended up staying in conditions similar to slavery. They often rented land from their former slave masters.

    Jim Crow laws


    After the Northern armies left the south, Southern state governments started to disenfranchise blacks. They pass laws requiring a voting tax and literacy test to vote. Most black men could not read and many could not pay the tax. Whites did not have to pay the tax or pass the literacy test.

    Jim Crow Laws


    Those blacks that tried to vote were intimidated by the Ku Klux Klan (KKK), who would burn houses and murder just to prevent blacks from voting. Segregation was common such as bathrooms, restaurants, buses, hotels, theaters, schools, and even drinking fountains. In 1896, the Supreme Court said "separate but equal" facilities were legal and fair.

    Examples of Jim crow laws by state


    Marriages between white people and black, Asian, or native people are illegal. (Wyoming, Mississippi, Missouri, Arizona, many others) Black people cannot sit with white people at the cinemaseparate sections will be given for each group. (Virginia) Black and white people must have separate schools, they cannot study together. (Texas, Alabama, Georgia, Florida, Louisiana, North + South Carolina.) The library is for white people only. (Texas)

    Black people cannot use public phones. (Oklahoma)

    Examples of Jim crow laws by state

    Fishing, boating, and hunting are only permitted for white people. (Oklahoma) White teachers cannot teach black students. (Oklahoma) Books used by white people cannot later be used by black people. (North Carolina) Anyone who publishes media promoting social equality shall be imprisoned. (Mississippi) Black people cannot live in the same homes or apartment buildings as white people. (Louisiana)

    Examples of Jim crow laws by state


    Black people are not allowed in city parks or playgrounds. (Georgia) When black people die, they cannot be buried or have a funeral near white people. (Georgia) White nurses cannot provide care for black patients in hospitals. (Alabama) Black means you have at least one greatgrandparent that was of African background. (Missouri) Black people are not allowed to sit at the same table as a white person in a restaurant, or even eat in white restaurants. (South Carolina)

    Brown v.s. board of education


    In 1954, the Supreme Court decided that "separate but equal" schools were illegal and unequal. Over the next few years, other "separate" facilities--like buses--were deemed illegal. Many cities and states tried to prevent integration. In 1957, President Eisenhower had to call in the army to desegregate a high schoool in Arkansas.

    Little Rock, Arkansas

    Emmett Till
    In 1955, 13-year-old Emmett Till of Chicago was visiting his cousins in Mississippi. Allegedly, at a store he whistled at a white woman. That night, the woman's husband and his brother kidnapped Emmett, tortured him, shot him, and dumped him in the river. His body was so disfigured that his mom only recognized him from a ring on his finger. His mom decided to have an open casket to show the world the racism that was going on. Emmett's death was one of the main motivations for the Civil Rights Movement. Many people who before were able to turn a blind eye to the discrimination and gruesome violence taking place in the South could no longer do it.

    Rosa Parks
    A few months later, Rosa Parks was arrested in Alabama for refusing to move her seat on the bus. Following the arrest, she and other women from her church asked Martin Luther King, Jr., a relatively unknown pastor, to lead a bus boycott. So many blacks refused to ride the bus that the system almost went bankrupt. Months later, buses were finally integrated.

    Martin Luther King Jr.


    After the success of the Montgomery Bus Boycott, Martin Luther King, Jr. became the primary leader of the Civil Rights Movement. He preached nonviolent protesting (based partially on Gandhis example), even though he was arrested, beaten, and threatened many times. In 1963, he gave his famous "I have a dream" speech on the steps of the Lincoln Memorial.

    You might also like