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    Table of Commonly Used IV Solutions

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    mara5140
    This document summarizes commonly used IV solutions including: 1) 0.45% Sodium Chloride (1/2 NS) is hypotonic and used for hydration and replacing sodium and chloride. 2) 0.9% Sodium Chloride (NS) is isotonic and used for isotonic hydration and replacing sodium and chloride. 3) Lactated Ringer's is isotonic and used for hydration, electrolyte replacement, and produces mild acidosis that is counteracted.

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    Table of Commonly Used IV Solutions

    Uploaded by

    mara5140
    17K views3 pages
    This document summarizes commonly used IV solutions including: 1) 0.45% Sodium Chloride (1/2 NS) is hypotonic and used for hydration and replacing sodium and chloride. 2) 0.9% Sodium Chloride (NS) is isotonic and used for isotonic hydration and replacing sodium and chloride. 3) Lactated Ringer's is isotonic and used for hydration, electrolyte replacement, and produces mild acidosis that is counteracted.

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    Table of Commonly Used IV Solutions[1]

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    This document summarizes commonly used IV solutions including: 1) 0.45% Sodium Chloride (1/2 NS) is hypotonic and used for hydration and replacing sodium and chloride. 2) 0.9% Sodium Chloride (NS) is isotonic and used for isotonic hydration and replacing sodium and chloride. 3) Lactated Ringer's is isotonic and used for hydration, electrolyte replacement, and produces mild acidosis that is counteracted.

    Copyright:

    Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
    Download as DOC or read online from Scribd
    Download as doc
    17K views3 pages

    Table of Commonly Used IV Solutions

    Uploaded by

    mara5140
    This document summarizes commonly used IV solutions including: 1) 0.45% Sodium Chloride (1/2 NS) is hypotonic and used for hydration and replacing sodium and chloride. 2) 0.9% Sodium Chloride (NS) is isotonic and used for isotonic hydration and replacing sodium and chloride. 3) Lactated Ringer's is isotonic and used for hydration, electrolyte replacement, and produces mild acidosis that is counteracted.

    Copyright:

    Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
    Download as DOC or read online from Scribd
    Download as doc
    of 3

    Table of Commonly Used IV Solutions

    Name of Type of Ingredients in Uses Complications


    Solution Solution 1-Liter
    0.45% Sodium Hypotonic 77 mEq Sodium hypotonic hydration; replace if too much is mixed with
    Chloride pH 5.6 77 mEq Chloride sodium and chloride; blood cells during
    hyperosmolar diabetes transfusions, the cells will pull
    Shorthand Notation: water into them and rupture
    ½NS
    0.9% Sodium Isotonic 154 mEq Sodium isotonic hydration; replace None known
    Chloride pH 5.7 154 mEq Chloride sodium and chloride;
    alkalosis; blood transfusions
    Shorthand Notation: (will not hemolyze blood cells)
    NS

    3% Sodium Chloride Hypertonic 513 mEq Sodium


    pH 5.0 513 mEq Chloride symptomatic hyponatremia
    rapid or continuous infusion
    due to excessive sweating,
    can result in hypernatremia or
    5% Sodium Chloride Hypertonic 855 mEq Sodium vomiting, renal impairment,
    hyperchloremia
    pH 5.8 855 mEq Chloride and excessive water intake

    5% Dextrose in Isotonic 5 grams dextrose isotonic hydration; provides


    Water pH 5.0 (170 calories/liter) some calories

    Shorthand Notation:
    D5W
    water intoxication and dilution
    of body's electrolytes with
    10% Dextrose in Hypertonic 10 grams dextrose may be infused peripherally;
    long, continuous infusions
    Water pH 4.3 (340 calories/liter) hypertonic hydration;
    provides some calories
    Shorthand Notation:
    D10W
    5% Dextrose in 1/4 Hypertonic 5 grams Dextrose fluid replacement;
    Strength (or 0.25%) pH 4.4 34 mEq Sodium replacement of sodium,
    Saline 34 mEq Chloride chloride and some calories

    Shorthand Notation:
    D5¼NS
    vein irritation because of
    5% Dextrose in 0.45 Hypertonic 5 grams Dextrose hypertonic fluid replacement; acidic pH, causes
    Sodium Chloride pH 4.4 77 mEq Sodium replace sodium, chloride, and agglomeration (clustering) if
    77 mEq Chloride some calories used with blood transfusions;
    Shorthand Notation: hyperglycemia with rapid
    D5½NS infusion leading to osmotic
    diuresis
    5% Dextrose in Hypertonic 5 grams Dextrose hypertonic fluid replacement;
    Normal Saline pH 4.4 154 mEq Sodium replace sodium, chloride and
    154 mEq Chloride some calories
    Shorthand Notation:
    D5NS

    Ringer’s Injection, Isotonic 147 mEq Sodium electrolyte replacement; rapid administration leads to
    U.S.P. pH 5.8 4 mEq Potassium hydration; often used to excessive introduction of
    4 mEq Calcium replace extracellular fluid electrolytes and leads to fluid
    155 mEq Chloride losses overload and congestive
    conditions; provides no
    calories and is not an
    adequate maintenance
    solution if abnormal fluid
    losses are present
    Lactated Ringer’s Isotonic 130 mEq Sodium isotonic hydration; replace
    pH 6.6 4 mEq Potassium electrolytes and extra-
    Shorthand Notation: 3 mEq Calcium cellular fluid losses; mild to
    LR 109 mEq Chloride moderate acidosis (the lactate
    28 mEq Sodium is metabolized into
    Lactate (provides 9 bicarbonate which counteracts not enough electrolytes for
    calories/liter) the acidosis) maintenance; patients with
    5% Dextrose in Hypertonic 5 grams Dextrose hypertonic hydration; hepatic disease have trouble
    Lactated Ringer’s pH 4.9 (170 calories/liter) provides some calories; metabolizing the lactate; do
    Injection 130 mEq Sodium replace electrolytes and extra- not use if lactic acidosis is
    4 mEq Potassium cellular fluid losses; mild to present
    Shorthand Notation: 3 mEq Calcium moderate acidosis (the lactate
    D5LR 109 mEq Chloride is metabolized into
    28 mEq Sodium bicarbonate which counteracts
    Lactate (provides 9 the acidosis), the dextrose
    calories/liter) minimizes glycogen depletion

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