Inter Language
Inter Language
Inter Language
http://duermueller.tripod.com/interlanguage.html Interlanguage is the type of language produced by second- and foreignlanguage learners who are in the process of learning a language. In language learning, learners errors are caused by several different processes. These include: a. borrowing patterns from the mother tongue b. extending patterns from the target language. c. Expressing meanings using the words and grammar which are already known From Richards, Jack C et al. 1992. Dictionary of Language Teaching & Applied Linguistics. Second Edition. Essex: Longman Group UK Limited. p.186 Interlanguage refers to the separateness of a second language learners system, a system that has a structurally intermediate status between the native and target language Interlanguage is neither the system of the native language nor the system of the target language, but instead falls between the two; it is a system based upon the best attempt of learners to provide order and structure to the linguistic stimuli surrounding them. By a gradual process of trial and error and hypothesis testing, learners slowly and tediously succeed in establishing closer and closer approximations to the system used by native speakers of the language. Inerlingual(Weinreich:1953) , Inerlanguage(Selinker:1972) Synonyms: Approximative system(Nemser:1971),Idiosyncratic dialect(Corder:1971) From Brown, Douglas B. 1994. Principles of Language Learning and Teaching. Third Edition. New Jersey: Prentice Hall Regents. pp.203-204 Selinker(1972) coined the term interlanguage to refer to the systematic knowledge of an L2 which is independent of both these learners L1 and the target language. The term has come to be used with different but related meanings: (1) to refer to the series of interlocking systems which characterize acquisition, (2) to refer to the system that is observed at a single stage of development (an interlanguage), and (3) to refer to particular L1/L2 combinations(for example, L1 French/L2 English v. L1 Japanese/L2 English). Other terms that refer to the same basic idea are approximative system (Nemser 1971) and transitional competence (Corder 1967) From Roderick Ellis. 1994. The Study of Second Language Acquisition. Oxford:Oxford University Press. p.710
Teachers can give appropriate feedback after checking out learners interlanguage. Learners need not worry so much about making mistakes. They can assume that making mistakes is a procedure of development from mother tongue to Second Language.
system and therefore a natural part of the learning process, teachers could now use teaching activities which did not call for constant supervision of the students language. Group work and pair work became suitable means for language learning.
Interlanguage:
compromise system approximative system idiosyncratic dialect learner language
Assumption:
When the learner is attempting to communicate in the target language, he employs a linguistic system distinct from the source and the target language.
There is a continuum from the source language through successive learning stages to the acquisition of the target language. For every stage there is an interlanguage, one for the learner's first attempts to communicate in the target language, one for his near-perfect use of it, and many more in-between. This evolutuon is presumably marked at every stage by systemic influence from the source language. It also represents an accretion of elements from the target language. The various stages can be defined in quantitative and qualitative terms.