SUNLITE

Multiwall Polycarbonate Sheet for Glazing, Roofing and Cladding

Installation Manual
Co nten t s :
# A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Chapter SUNLITE Product Structures and Dimensions Chemical Resistance, Compatible Sealants and Adhesives Positioning the Sheets Arching Radius Wind and Snow Load Calculation Spacing and Load Calculations Positioning of Clamping Profiles and Fastener Location Preparation for Glazing Preparations Prior to Installation Glazing Profiles and Fastening Screws Handling and Storage Cutting Drilling Sealing and Bonding Accessories General Recommendations for Working with SUNLITE Sheets Page 1 1 1 2 2 3 10 11 12 12 13 13 14 14 14 15

SUNLITE
Installation Manual
This manual provides the basic information for working with and installing SUNLITE sheets. Due to their hollow core, prior preparation is needed before the actual installation, with additional care during it. Please read the installation instructions carefully before starting, and follow them meticulously.

A - SUNLITE Product Structures, Dimensions and Weights

Table 1: Standard Products and Dimensions
Product Cell Structure Thickness mm in. 4 Twin wall Rectangular 6 8 10 Triple wall Rectangular 8 10 Triple wall Tunnelshaped
5 32 1 4 5 16 3 8 5 16 3 8

Weight g/m2 psf 800 1,300 1,500 1,700 1,700 2,000 0.16 0.27 0.31 0.35 0.35 0.41 0.55 0.53 0.70 0.76 0.80

Width mm in. 2,100 82 1,830 72 1,250 49 1,220 48 1,050 41 980 39 2,100 1,830 2,100 82 72 82 71 49 48 39

Length mm ft.

2,000 to 12,000

6.70 to 39.4

16 16

5 8

2,700 2,600 3,400 3,700 3,900

1,800 1,250 1,220 980

5/8 1 1 1/4 1 3/8

Structured

X- Lite Reinforced

25 32 35

Notes: 1. New products, updates & variants will be continuously added to SUNLITE product group. Confer with your local Palram dealer regarding the latest product list. 2. Length: Supplied according to customer need, up to 12.00m (39.40ft). Longer panels may be prepared upon stipulated special demand. Standard recommended length up to 7.00m (23ft. approx.).

B - Chemical Resistance (Compatible Sealants)

SUNLITE has good resistance to many chemicals. Some chemicals may harm the SUNLITE sheets. Detailed information about them can be found in PALRAM Industries, "Chemical Resistance of Polycarbonate Sheets". Please contact your PALRAM dealer when in doubt about any chemical. When choosing adhesives or sealants to be used during installation of SUNLITE sheets, please consult PALRAMs brochure "Recommended Adhesives and Sealants for Polycarbonate Products", which is available on the PALRAMwebsite . For use of an adhesive or sealant not on the recommended list, consult with your PALRAM dealer to get his approval. Failure to do so will void any and all warranties.

C - Positioning the Sheets

A. SUNLITE sheets should be installed with the rib channels are sloping downwards (Figs. 1a, 1c, 2). That orientation will reduce accumulation of dirt inside the sheet and ease gravity drainage of condensation moisture.

Figure 1b

Figure 1a

Figure 1c

SUNLITE
Installation Manual
B. Sheets should be installed with the adjoining edges connected by a glazing profile suited to the glazing system. C. For sheets installed in the flat, horizontal position, (roofs, overhead skylights), a minimum slope of 5 percent is imperative, with 10 percent and above preferable. Steeper slopes offer better rainwater drainage and self-cleaning, and lessen the risk of water and dirt infiltration through the connectors and fastening screws. They also help to diminish the visual effect of sheet deflection caused by loading. D. Length dimension is defined as parallel to the ribs, while width is perpendicular to the ribs.
gth len
e> 5%

width width

Flat, two-sided clamped glazing Figure 2

D - Arching Radius
SUNLITE sheets may be cold bent, or curved up to their minimum permitted radius, using polycarbonates natural properties, without need of a thermal process. Curving SUNLITE sheet beyond this minimum permitted radius induces undue stresses and strains in the glazing sheet, causing premature failure and will void the warranty. Table 2. Permissible Cold Bending Radii for Arched Glazing
Product Thickness mm in. 4 5 32 1 4 6 5 16 8 3 8 10 5 16 8 3 8 10 5 8 16 5 8 16 1 25 32 1 1/4 35 1 3/8 Minimal permissible cold bending radius mm ft. in. 2.30 700 28 3.40 1,050 41 4.60 1,400 55 5.70 1,750 69 5.80 1,760 69 7.20 2,200 87 9.20 2,800 110 9.80 3,000 118 16.40 5,000 197 21.00 6,400 252 23.00 7000 276

Twin wall

Triple wall

Structured (X-Lite)

E - Wind and Snow Load Calculation

Local building codes and standards in most countries provide details for required design loads, which should be consulted before installation. The information below is provided for general reference.

Table 3. Conversion of Wind Velocity Values into Wind (or Static) Pressure
Wind Velocity Static pressure km/h m/sec kg/m2 psf Moderate 20 6 2 0.4 Strong 40-60 11-17 8-17 2-4 Storm 80-100 22-28 30-50 6-10 Hurricane 120-140(+) 33-40 70-100(+) 14-20(+)

slo p

SUNLITE
Installation Manual
Snow Load: Snow load from accumulated snow cannot be disregarded. Both structure and glazing should be suitable for this extra weight. In snow-bound areas, SUNTUF or SunSky single wall corrugated polycarbonate glazing is often preferable for roofing purposes. Please consult with your PALRAM distributor. Indicative snow load: Fresh, fine, fluffy snow Wet, watery, compacted snow (per 1.0 cm, or 0.4 inch of height or thickness) from 0.8 to 1.9 kg/m2 (0.16-0.39 psf) from 2.0 to 8.0 kg/m2 (0.41-1.64 psf)

F - Spacing and Load Calculations for Different Methods of Installation

A. Four Sides Clamp or Frame This method utilizes comparatively small, separate glazing elements, cut from larger sheets. SUNLITE is put inside a foursided frame or supporting structures, and clamped on all sides. Clamping is done by plastic, wood or metal clamping profiles, with or without rubber sealing strips, and fastened by nails, screws or bolts to the supporting frame. The frame itself can be made of wood or metal, according to the design.
Clamping profile Silicone sealant Rubber packing strips on both sides

SUNLITE glazing

Supporting frame

Figure 3b b

Figure 3a Typical four sided clamp installaion wet method, steel frame.

The table on top the next page presents the recommended center-to-center spans, for each type of SUNLITE sheet at various wind or snow loads.

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Installation Manual
Table 4. Maximum Recommended Distances between Centers- Shorter Spans (width), under Different Ratios and Loads for Four Sides
Clamped / Framed Flat Glazing.
SUNLITE Sheet mm 6 Wind/snow uniform loads kg/m2 psf
50 80 100 120 50 80 100 120 50 80 100 120 50 80 100 120 50 80 100 120 50 80 100 120 50 80 100 120 50 80 100 120 50 80 100 120 50 80 100 120 10 16 20 25 10 16 20 25 10 16 20 25 10 16 20 25 10 16 20 25 10 16 20 25 10 16 20 25 10 16 20 25 10 16 20 25 10 16 20 25

Distance between centers shorter span, - according to ratio a:b Ratio 1:1 Ratio 1.5:1 Ratio >1.5:1 in. mm mm in. mm in.
900 700 500 400 1150 1000 900 750 1250 1200 1100 950 1200 1050 950 800 1275 1225 1125 900 1500 1300 1200 1100 1550 1350 1240 1130 2100 1950 1800 1650 2100 2000 1850 2100 2025 1875 36 28 20 16 45 40 36 30 50 47 43 37 47 42 37 32 51 49 44 38 59 52 47 43 61 53 49 44 83 76 70 65 83 78 73 83 79 74 700 500 400 300 900 800 650 600 1000 900 800 700 950 750 650 610 1050 900 750 650 1200 1100 1050 950 1250 1150 1080 980 1700 1600 1500 1400 1850 1700 1600 1500 1875 1725 1625 1525 28 20 16 12 36 28 22 20 40 30 24 21 38 29 22 20 41 32 26 22 47 43 41 37 49 45 42 38 67 63 59 55 73 67 63 59 74 68 64 60 500 350 600 480 450 750 550 500 450 650 510 470 800 600 550 480 1100 1000 900 850 1150 1050 950 900 1400 1350 1300 1250 1500 1400 1350 1300 1525 1425 1375 1325 20 14 24 19 18 30 22 20 18 26 20 18 32 24 22 19 43 41 36 33 45 41 37 35 55 53 51 49 59 55 53 51 60 56 54 52

Twin wall

10

Triple wall

10

16

16

25 Structured (X-Lite) 32

35

Notes: 1. SUNLITE 4mm twin wall is not included, since not recommended for constructive applications. 2. Data in table according to load tests on typical multi-wall sheets and additional extrapolations. 3. Recommended spans are calculated on the basis of 1/20 maximum deflection (5%) of sheets width (In this case crosswise, perpendicular to the rib channels). 4. A SUNLITE glazing sheet may withstand even higher loads without buckling, however, excessive lateral shortening, created by higher deflection, may cause the edges to slip out of their supports (pop-out).

Side clamp (glazing profile)

SUNLITE glazing SUNLI

B. Two-Sided Clamped Glazing: This is a simpler glazing system to install, requiring no mid-sheet fastening, using long glazing sheets, and held in place by two glazing profiles on both longitudinal edges. It is not as strong, and permitted width is limited (the width direction of a multi-wall sheet is a more vulnerable to loads, spanwise, especially the thinner, square ribbed 6 , 8 and 10 mm sheets).

Figure 4 Flat, two-sided clamped glazing

Supporting rafter

Table 5. Maximum Installation Distance for SUNLITE Sheets Using Two Sides Clamped Flat Glazing
Triple wall SUNLITE sheet Twin wall Uniform load 6 16 10 16 8 8 10 kg/m2 psf mm in. mm in. mm in. mm in. mm in. mm in. mm in.
50 80 100 120 10 16 20 25 450 320 18 13 540 430 400 21 17 16 680 500 450 400 27 20 18 16 575 450 400 19 15 14 700 525 475 425 25 18 17 14 990 900 800 700 39 36 32 28 1100 950 850 750 44 38 34 30

X-Lite 25 32 mm in. mm in.

1400 1200 1150 1100 55 47 45 43 1500 1400 1200 1150 59 55 47 45

35 mm in.
1525 1425 1225 1175 60 56 48 46

Note: The notes attached to Table 4. above also pertain to Table 5. here.

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Installation Manual
C. Two-Sided Clamped Arched Glazing: 1. SUNLITE sheets can be curved into arches within the permitted radius (see paragraph V above), with no damaging effect to mechanical performance. Moreover, internal stresses induced by curving give it extra strength and rigidity in both directions, like pre-stressed concrete elements. 2. Rigidity and the support spans increase as the curve radius is reduced (down to the minimal permitted radius). Shallow curve should be considered to be the same as flat panels, while a deep curve adds significantly to the bridging ability. The following table shows the growing rigidity from the curving of SUNLITE, at various uniform loads.
Figure 5
Clamping/Glazimg profile Curved SUNLITE Sheets

Supporting arch

Table 6. Maximum Recommended Spans between Arched Supports, According to Radius of Curve and Load for Two Sides Clamped Glazing
SUNLITE sheet Thickness Sheet curvature Radius mm mm 1050 1500 1800 2200 2800 4000 6000 1400 1800 2200 2800 4000 6000 1750 2200 2800 4000 6000 1760 2200 2800 4000 6000 2200 2800 4000 6000 2800 4000 6000 3000 5000 5000 6000 6400 8000 7000 8200 in. 41 59 71 88 110 158 236 55 71 88 110 158 236 69 88 110 158 236 70 87 110 158 236 88 110 158 236 110 158 236 120 200 197 236 252 315 276 322 Recommended (center-to-center) Distance between Supporting arches according to wind/Snow loads below. mm in. mm in. mm in. mm in. Uniform wind/snow loads kg/m2 psf kg/m2 psf kg/m2 psf kg/m2 psf 50 10 80 16 100 20 120 24.60 40 1020 56 1420 68 1730 2000 79 26 660 35 890 43 1090 1470 58 23 580 27 690 34 860 1140 45 27 690 810 32 14 350 500 20 14 350 500 20 14 350 500 20 46 1170 52 1320 57 1450 1650 65 35 890 42 1070 50 1270 1420 56 24 600 28 710 35 890 1090 43 18 450 19 620 840 33 19 500 600 24 19 480 570 23 40 1020 46 1170 56 1420 1630 68 26 660 32 810 38 960 1320 52 22 550 24 600 26 650 890 35 18 450 20 500 22 550 750 29 18 420 20 500 21 520 700 27 30 750 39 980 46 1170 1320 52 21 520 23 580 31 780 1025 41 16 400 23 570 750 30 18 450 500 20 16 400 480 19 23 580 29 720 35 880 1220 48 18 450 20 500 23 580 780 31 16 400 18 450 20 500 620 25 16 400 18 450 550 22 48 1200 57 1450 65 1650 1850 73 34 850 37 940 48 1220 1450 57 32 800 34 850 40 1000 1050 42 55 1400 59 1500 63 1600 1750 69 39 1000 43 1100 47 1200 1350 53 53 1350 55 1400 57 1450 1650 64 49 1250 51 1300 53 1350 1550 61 51 1300 53 1350 61 1550 1650 64 47 1200 49 1250 57 1450 1550 61 51 1300 53 1350 61 1550 1650 65 47 1200 49 1250 57 1450 1550 61

Twin wall

10

Triple wall

10

16 16 25 Structured (X-Lite) 32 35

Notes: 1. (-) A hyphen sign in the table appears when a certain sheet type cannot be used at the relevant range. 2. Generally a span of less than 600 mm (24 in.) is impractical for this installation configuration. 3. The lowest radius dimension (first in the column) appearing in the table, for each type of sheet, is the minimum permitted cold bending radius of that specific type.

SUNLITE
Installation Manual
D. Roofing and Cladding Installation Method: This is a simpler, more practical method, resembling the one used for single-wall, corrugated plastic (or metal) sheets. It employs longer strips, with wider dimension. Length is as long as possible without excess deformation by thermal expansion. SUNLITE sheets are laid on top of the purlins, with rib channels directed down the slope, perpendicular to the purlins. Span between purlins is determined by the load and deflection characteristics of the specific SUNLITE sheet. 1. The sheets are connected to each other by long connecting elements. 2. The wide variety of these connection methods falls into two main categories: wet or dry installation systems. The connecting elements (made of aluminum, sheet metal or plastic- rigid PVC or polycarbonate) are designed as connectors, not as load supporting members. They connect the sheets to each other, achieving one unified watertight exterior shell. Additional strength and rigidity achieved through them is an added bonus. a. A basic inverted H polycarbonate connecting profile: An old and simple form enabling a lengthwise (side by side) connection between twin/multiwall sheets. It is sometime offered with a specific size profile for each sheet thickness, or in versatile, more flexible design enabling the use of one profile with 2 consecutive thicknesses (4-6 & 8-10 H profiles). This connecting method is practically inappropriate for the thicker SUNLITE panels. 1) Dry method: The edges on both sides are inserted into the profile, holding the sheets by dry mechanical friction, with the sheets on both sides fastened to the structure, along the purlins, by fixing screws, about 500-600 mm (20-24 inches) apart.

Figure 6

Figure 7. Basic, inverted H polycarbonate connecting profile

2) Wet method: both the profile channels are half-filled with silicone, which acts, after installation and curing, both as sealer and adhesive. It may offer better weatherproofing at shallower slopes, than the dry system, but is very difficult to install properly and cleanly (Figure 7).
Notes: a) The connector itself is not fixed to the purlins. b) Both systems are basic and disclose several shortcomings: difficult and bothersome installation, plain looks, weak and imperfect connection and sealing. Installation may prove to be lengthy and messy for inexperienced hands. They are, however, considered the cheapest. c) We would limit the use of H connector system to vertical, short sheets, as in wall cladding or windows.

b. A two-part polycarbonate connecting profile comprised of: 1) A lower base profile, usually the more rigid of the two, on which the edges of the adjoining sheets are placed. Usually the base profile is fastened to the purlins by screws through the middle, with both edges free, letting the sheets slide easily due to the thermal expansion and contraction process. 2) The upper part, usually more flexible than the base, clips on the base profile by hand pressure, holding both sides of the adjoining sheets in place by mechanical pressure. This type is easier to install, more reliable in holding the sheets and sealing the connection. It is used, mostly, in dry installation, but could be assisted by silicone on the upper and lower profile. Wet installation like this is difficult to keep clean during installation and with long sheets may lose its effectiveness due to excessive expansion.

Figure 8a

Figure 8b

Figure 8c

Figure 8. Drawing of typical two-part polycarbonate connecting profiles currently used

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SUNLITE
Installation Manual
c. Combination of metal and plastic two-part connecting profile offers added strength and rigidity. The lower part of the profile is made of metal- (mostly aluminum ), and the upper part is made of plastic (rigid PVC or polycarbonate), clipped on top of the metal profile, pressing on the edges of the two adjoining sheets.

Figure 9. Depiction of Typical Two-Part Plastic and Metal Connecting Profiles Currently Used

d. Wood connecting profiles, developed from wooden window frames, support the installed SUNLITE sheets. They are usually used together with the wet system, with rubber packing strips and silicone sealant. Lengths are generally limited by the nature of wood. If long, laminated wooden rafters are used, they usually come with one or more of the other connecting solutions below.
Wood Silicone Sealent

Aluminum

Dry system
Wood

Wet system
Rubber Strip

Figure 10. Depiction of Typical Two-Part Wood Connecting Profiles Currently used in the Market

e. Metal connecting profiles comprise the largest group of connecting profiles. They come in wide variety of designs, are made from aluminum or steel, in dry or wet systems, and in plain or sophisticated detailing and finish. Some profiles are equipped with built-in drains, EPDM rubber weather strips, concealed fixing screws, and high-end finish, for more luxurious structures.
Silicone Sealant Steel Clamping bar

Steel Support

Figure 11a

Figure 11b

Figure 11c

EPDM Sealing/Padding Strips Both Sides

Figure 11d

Figure 11. Depiction of Typical Two-Part Metal System Connecting Profiles Currently Used

f. Mid-Sheet Fasteners: (Not recommended for D.I.Y Applications) 1) A wider sheet has to be fastened to the supporting structure by additional fastening along its width, as the connectors on both longitudinal sides are not enough to hold the sheet down, against the uplift force it has to withstand. 2) Fastening is usually done by screws, inserted along the supporting internal purlins, spaced about 500mm (20in.) apart.

Figure 12. Schematic Isometric View of Partial Roof Installation with Mid-sheet Fasteners

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Installation Manual
3) Along the edge purlin, the fastening screws should be inserted about 300 mm (12 in.) apart. 4) A hole must be pre-drilled into each screw location. The diameter of that hole should be 2 mm larger than that of the screw, to allow for thermal expansion movements. In case of dark colored sheets predrill even larger holes, and use wider fastener washers. 5) An electric screwdriver with an adjustable clutch should be used to tighten the screws. Avoid excess overtightening, which might induce undue internal stresses, causing premature failure and buckling of the sheet. Pay attention to insert the screws perpendicular to the material face, as inclined insertion could damage the sheet and/or result in leaks.

INCORRECT Excess overtightening Figure 13a

CORRECT

INCORRECT Non-perpendicular drilling and insertion. Figure 13c

Self-tapping screw Figure 13d

Self-drilling screw Figure 13e

Wood screw Figure 13f

Figure 13b

Figure 13. Typical Installation Screws & Obligatory Washers

25mm special washer/gasket Figure 13g

6) Use of self-tapping or self-drilling screws is recommended. In case of wooden structures, suitable wood-screws should be used. All the screws should be corrosion resistant, with at least heavy-duty hot-dipped galvanized finish, or stainless steel (if used in an extremely corrosive environment). The screws should be 6 mm (1/4 in.) diameter, with length according to sheet thickness, type of washer and type of supporting structure.

7) Each screw should be fitted with a conical corrosion resistant steel washer, with specifications as the screws above or of aluminum, at least 1 mm (0.04 in.) thick, 25 mm (1 in.) diameter, with a Specially Shaped integral rubber gasket, EPDM (see PALRAM special washer/gasket fig. 13g). The screw should be tightened carefully, with no distortion of the washer and rubber gasket, or the flat face of the sheet PALRAM will suplly the suitable fasteners and washers with the SUNLITE sheets unless required otherwise.
Figure 14

8) Screw buttons: Improved performance can be obtained by replacing the washers with special plastic screw buttons, fitted with a suitable rubber gasket, with or without a closing cap. They fit the thickness of each type of sheet (6, 8, 10, 16 mm, and possibly 25 mm), differing by sleeve length. Their advantage: the sleeve prevents excessive tightening and local squashing around the screw, and is softer on the sheet, reducing risk of tear or shear around the screws stem. They also offer a seal between the fastener hole and the open channels of the sheet, preventing possible infiltration of water and dirt into the internal space of the sheet. Screw buttons work with the same screws mentioned above (6 mm, 1/4 in.), maybe a little longer due to the higher thickness of the button.

>30 mm

>2 mm more than diameter of button stem Rubber gasket Plastic button Fastenning screw Optional cover

PALRAM recommends perforating SUNLITE for fastening as little as possible, and prefers the use of clamped edge installation. PALRAM recommends that the use of fastening screws in a glazing system, even with plastic buttons, should be limited to economical, price conscious projects only. Two or foursided clamped glazing is a preferred choice.

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Installation Manual
g. Design spans between Supporting Purlins According to Designated Loads for the Roofing and Cladding Method:
Table 7. Max. Recommended Spans between Support Purlins- Flat / Slightly Curved Roofing/Glazing
Distance (center-to-center) between Supporting Purlins

mm
Product Thickness

in. psf 10 36 46 50 44 48 64 65 74 82 82

Twin wall

Triple wall

Structured (X-Lite)

6 8 10 8 10 16 16 25 32 35

kg/m2 50 900 1150 1250 1120 1220 1600 1650 1850 2050 2075

mm in. mm in. Uniform wind/snow loads kg/m2 psf kg/m2 psf 80 16 100 20 26 650 32 800 34 850 40 1000 42 1050 46 1150 32 820 38 970 41 1020 45 1125 50 1250 58 1450 51 1300 59 1500 62 1550 68 1700 69 1750 76 1900 70 1775 76 1925

mm kg/m2 120 500 650 900 620 870 1130 1180 1425 1600 1625

in. psf 25 20 26 36 25 35 45 46 56 63 64

Notes: 1. Span calculation is based on general professional know-how, previous experience & specialized expertise with this type of products. 2. Spans depicted are educated estimations & extrapolations based on L/20 deflection (5%) at the specific span and load using continuos multi-span supports. The values refer to mid-spans. Edge-spans (lower & upper ends) should be approx. 20% smaller. 3. SUNLITE panels can withstand higher loads and/or wider spans without failure. but then deflections will increase up to L/10 (10%) of the span, unacceptable in most cases.

Curving SUNLITE sheets gives them higher strength and rigidity, as in the case of two-sided clamped described below: Table 8. Max. Recommended Distances between Support Purlins, for Curved Roofing/Cladding, According to Curvature Radius and Load.
Product Thickness Radius of sheet curvature Maximum recommended distance (center-to-center) between support purlins according to wind/snow loads below
mm in. mm in. mm in. mm in.

Uniform wind/snow loads

mm mm 1050 1500 1800 2200 2800 4000 6000 1400 1800 2200 2800 4000 6000 1750 2200 2800 4000 6000 1760 2200 2800 4000 6000 2200 2200 2800 4600 6000 2800 4000 6000 3000 4000 6000 5000 6000 6400 8000 7000 8200 in. 41 60 72 86 110 158 236 55 72 86 110 158 236 69 86 110 158 236 70 86 110 158 236 72 86 110 158 236 110 158 236 118 158 237 197 237 252 315 276 323

kg/m2

psf

kg/m2

psf

kg/m2

psf

kg/m2

psf

50
1730 1570 1420 1380 1260 1150 900 1570 1880 1730 1470 1250 1150 1885 1725 1750 1570 1260 1420 1380 1380 1150 1100 1885 1725 1750 1570 1260 2100 1750 1600 2125 1800 1650 2300 2100 2200 2100 2200 2100

10
68 62 56 55 50 46 36 62 74 68 58 50 46 74 68 69 62 50 55 53 53 46 44 74 68 69 62 50 83 69 63 84 71 65 90 69 86 82 86 82

80
1730 1570 1420 1380 1260 900 800 1570 1420 1380 1470 1150 1000 1885 1725 1750 1400 1200 1420 1380 1380 1050 960 1885 1725 1750 1570 1180 2050 1700 1400 2075 1750 1450 2050 1850 2050 1950 2050 1950

16
68 62 56 55 50 36 32 62 56 55 58 46 40 74 68 69 56 48 55 53 53 42 38 74 68 69 62 47 81 67 56 81 69 57 80 73 80 76 80 76

100
1730 1200 1150 1150 1100 850 650 1570 1420 1380 1250 1050 850 1885 1725 1750 1250 1100 1380 1380 1250 1050 825 1885 1725 1750 1260 1075 2000 1650 1250 2025 1700 1300 1770 1570 1770 1670 1770 1670

20
68 48 46 46 44 34 26 62 56 55 50 40 34 74 68 69 50 43 53 53 49 42 33 74 68 69 50 42 79 65 50 79 67 51 70 62 67 65 67 65

120
1730 1200 1150 1150 1100 780 500 1570 1420 1380 1100 900 650 1885 1725 1450 1250 925 1380 1250 1070 750 625 1885 1725 1465 1260 900 1950 1600 1150 1975 1650 1200 1500 1300 1500 1400 1500 1400

24.6
68 48 46 46 44 31 20 62 56 55 43 32 26 74 68 57 50 37 56 49 42 30 25 74 68 58 50 36 77 63 46 77 65 47 59 51 59 55 59 55

Twin Wall
8

10

Triple Wall
10

16

16

Structured (X-Lite)

25 32 35

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Installation Manual
Notes for table on previous page: 1. 4mm twin wall SUNLITE is not included, since not recommended for constructive applications. 2. The specified spans are based on L/20 deflection (5%) at the specific span and load, using conyinuos multi-span supports. The values refer to midspans. Edge-spans (lower & upper ends) should be approx. 15-20% smaller. 3. Spans depicted in all but the largest radii (6.00-8.00 m) derive from division of a full 180 barrel vault of the specific radius into equal size sectors. (For instance - an arch of 1.10m radius is divided into 2 equal parts of 1.73 m length. An arch of 1.50 m radius is divided into 3 parts each 1.57 m long, and so on.) 4. Curved SUNLITE is more rigid with a much wider span than in flat installation, especially in smaller radii. Rigidity & strength are reduced as the radius as the radius is increased (for same type of panel). A lightly curved panel behaves almost the same as a flat one.

SUNLITE glazing

Figure 15. Schematic Description of standard curved roofing in a Vault.

Supporting arched structure

Supporting purlins Connecting profiles fastened to purlins

h. General Notes for Structural Design: 1) The recommended support spacing, as specified in the load/span tables, should not supersede the requirements of local structural and construction codes. The final values are to be dictated by actual conditions on site and engineering design. 2) The end spans, i.e. the distance between the edge support (or purlin) and the first internal purlin should be up to 80 percent of the commonly recommended span for this load and type of sheet, or the value dictated by the design engineer.

G - Positioning of Clamping Profiles and Fastener Location

A. Using the four-sided clamped glazing system, the support bars should be underneath (or inside), and the glazing clamps on top (or outside). SUNLITE must be installed with the clamping profiles covering all four edges of the sheet. (These are load-bearing elements, which connect the glazing to the supporting structure, transferring loads from the glazing to it.) B. Using the two-sided clamped glazing system, the support bars (and glazing clamps) should be installed covering the two longitudinal edges of the sheet, parallel to the rib channels. (Again, these are load-bearing elements, connecting the glazing to the supporting structure, transferring loads from the glazing to it.) C. Using the roofing/cladding method, glazing connectors (of any version) should be installed on both long sides of each sheet (parallel to the rib channels). Their main duty is connecting adjoining sheets. They may assist transferring loads to the structure, but here the fastening screws transfer most of the load to the supporting structure (the purlins). The screws, with their metal washer and rubber gaskets, should be inserted along the length of the supporting purlins, about 500-600 mm (20-24 in.) apart and 300-400 mm (12-16 in.) at the edge purlin. When using metal glazing connectors, they are positively fastened to the purlins. When using polycarbonate connecting-profiles, some types are fastened and others do not. In that case, the fastening screws will be placed on both sides of the connector, about 200-250 mm (8-10 in.) on each side.
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SUNLITE
Installation Manual
H - Preparation for Glazing
A. Determination of Rabbet Depth and Thermal Expansion Allowance: These parameters depend on the SUNLITE sheet dimension, and relate to the four sides of the sheet (four-sides clamped system), or to the two edges parallel to the rib channels (two-sides clamped system). 1. Allowance for expansion: SUNLITE expands about 3 mm for every meter (1/8 in. per 3 1/3 ft.) of length (or width) for a service temperature range of about 50 C (90 F), the practical working range in most cases. For a sheet of 1.00 m (or 40 in.) wide, 1.50 m (60 in.) long, a net allowance of 3 mm (width) and 5 mm (length) should theoretically suffice. We recommend doubling this allowance for practical reasons. Allowance should be divided between both sides of the sheet. When the ends of panels are protected by a recessed 'U' channel, allow suitable internal space for thermal expansion. 2. Edge Engagement: (the overlap of the glazing over its frame). 3. Rabbet Depth: (expansion allowance + edge engagement). PALRAM recommends a rabbet depth of at least 20 mm (0.8 in.) for widths up to 1.0 m (40 in.) and a depth of 25-30 mm (1.0-1.2 in.) for wider spans.

Wooden frame a b Silicone sealant SUNLITE sheets

Fastening screw

Top aluminum glazing profile Rubber sealing profile/gasket

SUNLITE sheets a - Expansion allowance b - Edge Engagement depth c - Rabbet depth: a+b Wooden clamping Figure 16a profile Wet Glazing Rubber sealing strip Sealing gasket Bottom aluminum glazing profile Fixing screws Supporting steel beam

Figure 16b Dry Glazing

A c f e

B b

A-A

1 2

f e

a A

1 2

a. Sheet width b. Sheet length c. Sash (frame) width d. Sash length e. Edge Engagement depth (overlap) f. Thermal expansion allowance g. Rabbet Depth e + 1 f 2

B-B

Figure 16c. Schematic Sketch of Rebbet depth and Expansion Allowance. (wet and dry methods)

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Installation Manual
I - Preparations Prior to Installation
A. Ensure smaller thermal expansions by installing sheets - especially colored sheets - at ambient temperatures of 10-25deg. C (50-77 deg. F). It is generally recommended to avoid installing sheets at colder or hotter temperatures. B. Peel off the protective film at both open ends of the sheet (the width sides) to about 80-100 mm (3.5-4 in.) from the edges of the sheet, to enable taping of the aluminum sealing tape. If a factory installed temporary seal is taped over the open ends, it should be removed prior to the installation of the aluminum tape. Tape the sealing tape straight along the openend side, so it will cling well and evenly to both sides of the sheet, making sure that all the open ends of the rib channels are properly sealed. C. Peel off the masking along the edges of length sides, both sides of the sheet, for about 80-100 mm (3.5-4 in.) from the edges, preparing the sheet for the insertion into the connecting profiles or the glazing frame. D. Remove the underside masking just prior to the actual installation on the roof. Premature removal of protective film may result in damage to the sheet during handling. E. Remove the upside, exterior protective film as soon as the installation of the whole glazed area is completed, or very short time afterwards. Failing to do so, exposing the protective film to direct sunlight, may fuse it to the sheets face and cause difficulties in removal, due to deterioration of the film, and void the warranty.
Impermeable tape mpermeable permeable Ventilated Ventilate filter tape Ventilat

Figure 17a. Partial or Complete Removal of Protective Film Prior and after Installation Figure 17b. Installation of Sealing Tape on Open Ends of Sheet

U-protective end cap Figure 17c. Installation of Impermeable Tape at Top of the Sheet and Installation of Ventilated Tape at the Bottom of the Sheet

E. Ensure the use of the proper type of sealing tape according to the application used, verifying that the prepared sheets are mounted correctly. Please note: In case of curved installation, where both open ends are situated at the bottom apply the ventilated tape on both ends. Take care to protect the sealing tapes at both ends from mechanical damage by inserting the edges into aluminium profiles, or cover them with polycarbonate U-shaped profiles (Fig-17c).

J - Glazing Profiles and Fastening Screws

Type of glazing/clamping profile used in the installation of SUNLITE sheets, differs according to the glazing system chosen: A. Framing profiles are similar in concept and detail to those used in fixed glass windows, curtain walls and skylights, made of wood, steel or aluminum, but wider, allowing for the larger Edge Engagement depth required for SUNLITE. The frames are prepared in advance, and glazing is done after they are all in place, along with completion of the other finishing jobs. (See Figures 3a, 3b). B. Two and four-sided clamped glazing employ practically the same profiles used for framing, as used in curtain walls and skylights. Almost all are prepared prior to the glazing work, and just the clamps, the rubber packing profiles (and silicone sealant in wet glazing) are installed along with or after the glazing is in place. C. The roofing and cladding glazing installation method installs SUNLITE over the supporting skeleton, rafters and purlins. The glazing profiles, which are usually flatter by design, consist of top and bottom parts, made of polycarbonate, rigid PVC or a combination (a bottom aluminum profile and top profile made of polycarbonate, or rigid PVC). SUNLITE sheets and their connecting profiles (also acting as glazing profiles) are installed together, advancing step by step. Most profiles are flexible enough to be easily shaped into curves by hand, when installed over curved structures, enabling inexpensive implementation of curved glazing.
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Installation Manual
K - Handling and Storage
A. SUNLITE sheets should be transported and stored horizontally, on a flat, sturdy pallet whose dimensions are equal to or larger than the sheets themselves. The sheets must be secured and fastened to the pallet during transportation and handling on site. It is possible to stack the sheets with the longer sheets at the bottom and the shorter on top, leaving no unsupported overhang. B. While moving a pallet with a forklift, always use forks as long as the sheets width. Shor ter forks on a wider pallet may cause damage to the sheets. C. SUNLITE sheets leave the factory in packages, wrapped in white, watertight polyethylene. The wrapping should be taken off as close to the actual time of installation as possible. Storage of the sheets should be in a covered, dry, ventilated place, away from direct sunlight and rain.

Figure 18

D. Avoid leaving the sheet pallet in the rain, even if still wrapped, for extended periods, as water may condense inside the hollow core. Extended exposure to direct sunlight may cause heat buildup, softening the protective film, fusing it to the sheet face, making removal difficult or impossible. E. Avoid leaving the sheets stored unwrapped, with their ends open, for more than a few days, as dust may collect inside the hollows. F. Important! Never cover the pallet with, or place on the pallet, materials that collect heat or are good heat conductors (e.g. dark objects, metal profiles or pipes, steel sheets etc.) They may collect and deliver excess heat, and damage the sheets. G. When necessary to store the pallet in the open, cover it with a white opaque polyethylene sheet, cardboard, or any other insulating material, taking care to cover the pallet completely.

L - Cutting
A. SUNLITE sheets can be cut with standard wood or metal workshop equipment. Saw blades designed especially for plastic yield best results. A circular saw (fixed or portable, with small teeth suited for hardwood), rotating at high speed, band saw or a jigsaw (best for short, complex cuts) can all be used, taking care to advance the blade slowly. A hand and hacksaw may also be used for local cutting. B. Always support the sheet in the vicinity of the cut and clean (with compressed air and/or by a vacuum cleaner) the dust and debris generated by the cutting. Running clean compressed air through the hollow channels, blowing away sawdust and shavings inside is a good practice. C. Sheets of low and intermediate thickness, with modest dimensions, can be cut (taking the appropriate precautions) with a shor t, thin, shar p blade. A special cutting-wire hand tool may also be used, to mak e lengthwise cuts.

Figure 19

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Installation Manual
M - Drilling
A. Drilling can be carried out with drill bits intended for metal. When predrilling for a fastening screw, the holes diameter should be 2 mm larger than that of the screw used. As when cutting, always support the sheet in the vicinity of the place being drilled, and clean away the sawdust and shavings, both on and inside the sheet. B. Special attention must be given to drill all the required holes perpendicular to the face of the sheet. C. Though drilling the sheet for fastening is a common way of installation, it is recommended to be used mostly in plain, economy-oriented projects, and used sparingly elsewhere.
Figure 20

90o

N - Sealing and Bonding

A. Silicone Sealant: PALRAM strongly recommends using Dow Corning 3793 (white) or Novasil S-64 from Otto Chemie (white or translucent). B. Sealant and Weather Strips: Applied in wet or dry systems. The Wet system can use IDL 311 L Butyl rubber double-sided sticky tape by Sellotape, or simple neoprene or EPDM rubber strips, combined with the silicone sealant above. The Dry system uses neoprene or EPDM rubber packing strips (in simpler framing system), or profiled neoprene or EPDM rubber strips inserted into grooves in the metal connecting/framing profiles. Mechanical pressure of the clamping profile on the rubber gasket achieves the sealing, like in glass systems. C. Sealing the Sheets is done by aluminum impermeable, or ventilated filter sticky tapes, as described in the paragraph Prepreparation of the sheet above. Such specialty tapes can be obtained from the leading tape manufacturers, or through PALRAM dealers (See figures 17b, 17c). For alternative materials, please refer to our Recommended Adhesives and Sealants Polycarbonate Products technical information leaflet, or consult with your PALRAM distributor.

XV. Accessories:
PALRAM invests ceaseless efforts to create a complementary of accessories for the SUNLITE range of products, easing use, avoiding runaround trying to find suitable solutions for proper installation. SUNLITE can now offer suitable corrosion resistants fasteners, special washer/gasket combos and compatible sealing & bonding silicones. Immediately in line, or shortly, are basic polycarbonate H connectors and U end-caps, along with impermeable and ventilated aluminum sealing tape for end closure. Various specialized aluminum glazing profile, EPDM rubber sealing strips and gaskets will follow in the near future. Please consult your local SUNLITE distrbutor for details. Different aluminum or steel glazing profiles, structural elements, sealing materials and other components required for the completion of varied projects appear, in concept, in the sketches in this manual. Such products & materials are usually available through professional suppliers of metals and glazing accessories. Other designated elements like gutters, closures, ridge caps, trimming and flashing, etc. are to be specially fabricated according to specific design.

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Installation Manual
P - General Recommendations for Working with SUNLITE Sheets
A. Cleaning
1. Keeping SUNLITE clean will yield the best long-term results. Self-cleaning by rain is usually sufficient. Local small areas may be washed using diluted mild household detergents. Make sure the detergent contains no abrasives or solvents. Pre-wash with warm water, then wash the stained area with a soft sponge or brush, preferably with hot water, until the stain disappears. Rinse with water and dry with a soft cloth. 2. Heavy oil or tar stains can be removed with an isopropyl alcohol watery solution. Rub the area gently with a soft rag. Follow with the treatment depicted above, rinsing with a lot of water.
Figure 21

3. Avoid dry cleaning, as the sand and dust particles clinging to the exterior of the glazing may scratch the surface. 4. Large areas may be professionally washed by high-pressure water jet, possibly adding a mild compatible detergent, and/or a steam jet. 5. Avoid the repeated sliding of sheets over each other, even when still protected by the masking film. This action generates electrostatic charge in the sheet, attracting dirt and dust and hindering cleaning.
Figure 22

B. Safety Measures During Installation and Maintenance: 1. When installing SUNLITE or doing maintenance work, always consider the sheet to be unfit to support a persons weight. Always use stepping ladders or crawling boards, supported by the roof structural elements, when working on a glazed roof of any kind. 2. Never step on SUNLITE sheet between the purlins or in the middle of a framed glazing! In emergency, step only on the lines of purlins or of structural framing. 3. Never leave the glazing sheets unattended on the roof or at the glazing area, until all the required fastening clamps or screws are secured properly. Throughout the installation process, always ensure that the sheets ready for installation are temporarily secured against sudden wind gusts.

Warning! Do not step on the sheets between the purlins!

Figure 23

Europe UK Israel USA Australia Far East

EUROPE PALRAM EUROPE LTD. Tel (44) 1302 380 777 Fax (44) 1302 380 788 [email protected]

PALRAM UK Tel (44) 1302 380 738 Fax (44) 1302 380 739 [email protected]

ISRAEL PALRAM ISRAEL LTD. Tel (972) 4 8459 900 Fax (972) 4 8459 980 [email protected]

USA PALRAM AMERICAS Tel 610 285 9918 Fax 610 285 9928 [email protected]

www.palram.com

61298 - 05.06

Inasmuch as PALRAM Industries has no control over the use to which others may put the material, it does not guarantee that the same results as those described herein will be obtained. Each user of the material should make his own tests to determine the material's suitability for his own particular use. Statements concerning possible or suggested uses of the materials described herein are not to be construed as constituting a license under any PALRAM Industries patent covering such use or as recommendations for use of such materials in the infringement of any patent. PALRAM Industries or its distributors cannot be held responsible for any losses incurred through incorrect installation of the material. In accordance with our company policy of continual product d e v e l o p m e n t y o u a re a d v i s e d t o c h e c k w i t h y o u r l o c a l PA L R A M I n d u s t r i e s s u p p l i e r t o e n s u re t h a t y o u h a v e o b t a i n e d t h e m o s t u p t o d a t e i n fo r m a t i o n .