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    Dari Grammar

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    Shamriz Nahzat
    The document lists Farsi verbs and their English translations. It provides the verbs in both present and past tense forms. It notes that the present and past forms always differ, sometimes slightly in vowel change and other times more substantially with consonant changes. The document also explains that the present tense root is used to form other verb structures like commands and infinitives. Additionally, it points out that in Dari Farsi, many common verbs have become compound verbs formed from two separate verbs.

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    Dari Grammar

    Uploaded by

    Shamriz Nahzat
    917 views3 pages
    The document lists Farsi verbs and their English translations. It provides the verbs in both present and past tense forms. It notes that the present and past forms always differ, sometimes slightly in vowel change and other times more substantially with consonant changes. The document also explains that the present tense root is used to form other verb structures like commands and infinitives. Additionally, it points out that in Dari Farsi, many common verbs have become compound verbs formed from two separate verbs.

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    The document lists Farsi verbs and their English translations. It provides the verbs in both present and past tense forms. It notes that the present and past forms always differ, sometimes slightly in vowel change and other times more substantially with consonant changes. The document also explains that the present tense root is used to form other verb structures like commands and infinitives. Additionally, it points out that in Dari Farsi, many common verbs have become compound verbs formed from two separate verbs.

    Copyright:

    Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    917 views3 pages

    Dari Grammar

    Uploaded by

    Shamriz Nahzat
    The document lists Farsi verbs and their English translations. It provides the verbs in both present and past tense forms. It notes that the present and past forms always differ, sometimes slightly in vowel change and other times more substantially with consonant changes. The document also explains that the present tense root is used to form other verb structures like commands and infinitives. Additionally, it points out that in Dari Farsi, many common verbs have become compound verbs formed from two separate verbs.

    Copyright:

    Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
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    The document provides a list of Farsi verbs and their English equivalents, along with their present and past tense forms in Farsi.

    Examples given include dawid to dawad where only the vowel changes, and goft to goyad where a consonant also changes, showing how the changes can be minor or more substantial.

    The present tense root can be used to form the command form (by adding bed-), the infinitive/subjunctive form (by adding bo-), and structures like 'I want to say' which use the infinitive/subjunctive.

    List of Some Farsi Verbs

    English Equivalent Transcribed Version rained forgave cut kissed looked for asked flew wore chewed bought laughed ran arrived heard pulled, dragged shook drank came threw, put brought lost (such as a game) tied, closed was cooked accepted wanted, requested ate gave had baarid, baarad bakhshid, bakhshad borid, borad bosid, bosad paalid, paalad pursid, pursad parid, parad poshid, poshad jawid, jawad kharid, kharad khandid, khandad dawid, dawad rasid, radad shunid, shenawad kashid, kashad larzid, larzad noshid, noshad aamad, aayad andaakht, andazad aawurd, aarad baakht, baazad bast, bandad bood, baashad or ast pukht, pazad paziruft, pazirad khwaast, khwahad khord, khorad daad, dehad daasht, daarad

    Present

    Past

    saw went poured hit made burned washed broke counted recognized sold planted did took ran away wandered said sat down wrote cried, wept played

    did, binad raft, rawad raykht, rayzad zad, zanad saakht, saazad sokht, sozad shust, shoyad shikast, shekanad shumurd, shumaarad shinaakht, shinaasad ferokht, feroshad kaasht, kaarad kard, konad gereft, girad guraykht, gorayzad gasht, gardad guft, goyad neshast, neshinad nawisht, nawisad gereest, geryad nawakht, nawazad

    Note that the present form is always different from the past. In some verbs the difference is minor; in others it is pretty substantial. Examples: o dawid-- dawad, only the vowel changes; but o goft--goyad, a consonant also changes. Therefore the two different tenses have to be memorized.

    Note also that from the present root you make not only the present but also the command form and the be-plus or infinitive/subjunctive form. Examples: o bedaw (run!), bogo (say!). and also o May khwaaham bogoyam (I want to say)

    Note thirdly that in Dari, the Afghanistan Farsi, many common verbs have become compound verbs; in other words, they are made from two verbs. In

    English this happens with idioms such as 'put away' and 'get up' etc. See the following examples: o shorba may pazaym (we cook soup)--- shorba pukhta may kunaym o Jamal may khandad (Jamal laughs or is laughing) -- Jamal khanda may kunad.

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