1 What is marketing?

Marketing is the process which creates, communicates, delivers the value to the customer, and maintains the relationship with customers.It generates the strategy that underlies sales techniques, business communication, and business developments.It is an integrated process through which companies build strong customer relationships and create value for their customers and for themselves.[ 2 What is segmentation Market segmentation divides a market for goods or services into distinct subdivisions. It takes a vague undistinguished group of consumers and uncovers those who have similar needs, those who make purchases or use products or services in the same. A market segment is a subgroup of people sharing similar consumer characteristics. And because each segment shares the same attitudes and behaviors, they generally respond the same to a given marketing strategy. 3 What is targeting A target market is a group of customers that the business has decided to aim its marketing efforts and ultimately its merchandise.[A well-defined target market is the first element to a marketing strategy. The target market and the marketing mix variables of product, place(distribution, promotion and price are the four elements of a marketing mix strategy that determine the success of a product in the marketplace. 4 What is positioning A marketing strategy that aims to make a brand occupy a distinct position, relative to competing brands, in the mind of the customer. Companies apply this strategy either by emphasizing the distinguishing features of their brand (what it is, what it does and how, etc.) or they may try tocreate a suitable image (inexpensive or premium, utilitarian or luxurious, entrylevel or high-end, etc.) through advertising Once a brand is positioned, it is very difficult to reposition it without destroying its credibility. Also called product positioning. 5 What is marketing mix A planned mix of the controllable elements of a product's marketing plan commonly termed as 4Ps: product, price, place, and promotion. These four elements are adjusted until the right combination is found that serves the needs of the product's customers, while generating optimum income. 6 Meaning of Distribution channels A set of interdependent organizations involved in the process of making a product or service available for use or consumption by the consumer or business user.

7 Meaning of differentiation A sales growth strategy in which several market niches or population segments are targeted with different products for each niche or segment 8 Customer relationship marketing Customer Relationship Marketing (CRM) is the practice of using marketing activities to establish, develop, and maintain successful long-term customer relationships. CRM has numerous implications for market planning, employee training, advertising, promotion, public relations, direct marketing, package design, and more 9 4 Ps The 4 Ps of Marketing are the controllable elements. Product The first element of the 4 Ps of marketing focuses on your individual goods and their product line. Product includes services and electronic or digital products such as e-books that don't have a recognizable physical substance.. Includes features and benefits, installation, service, warranty, packaging, branding Place [Distribution] The next of the 4 Ps of marketing focuses on getting product to your customer. Includes warehousing, fulfillment, electronic download, shipping, middlemen Promotion This element of the 4 Ps of marketing focuses on communicating with your customer.

Includes advertising, copywriting, media selection, sales force, personal and mass selling, sales promotion, positioning. Price Focuses on the price at which both the customer and producer can profit. Price is the only element of the 4 Ps of marketing that involves revenue rather than expense, so it's impact can be dramatic.

Includes discounts, allowances and incentives, and strategies like penetration pricing or skimming. 10 Niche Marketing

A niche market is the subset of the market on which a specific product is focusing; therefore the market niche defines the specific product features aimed at satisfying specific market needs, as well as the price range, production quality and the demographics that is intended to impact 11 Branding Brand is a name, term, design, symbol, or combination of these elements that identifies a product or service and distinguishes it from its competitors 12 Advertising Advertising is a form of communication used to encourage or persuade an audience (viewers, readers or listeners) to continue or take some new action. The purpose of advertising may also be to reassure employees or shareholders that a company is viable or successful. Advertising messages are usually paid for by sponsors and viewed via various traditional media; including mass media such as newspaper, magazines, television commercial, radio advertisement, outdoor advertising or direct mail; or new media such as websites and text messages. 13 Buzz Marketing Marketing buzz or simply buzz a term used in word-of-mouth marketing is the interaction of consumers and users of a product or service which serves to amplify the original marketing message 14 Marketing planning Ans Making plan for future bout products or services ,using Stiuational analysis Objectives Strategies Tactics Budget

15 Retail Marketing Retail marketing is price driven with a strong call to action. There's essentially very little "story" about the product and it's designed to make consumers act quickly on what is usually a special or new offer. They're typically high energy, high frequency and low budget ads or catalogues. 16 Direct Marketing Direct marketing is directly reaching a market (customers and potential customers) on a personal (phone calls, private mailings) basis, or mass-media basis (infomercials, magazine ads, etc.). Direct marketing is often distinguished by aggressive tactics that attempt to reach new customers usually by means of unsolicited direct communications. But it can also reach out to existing or past customers. A key factor in direct marketing is a "call to action." That is, direct marketing campaigns should offer an incentive or enticing message to get consumers to respond (act). Direct marketing involves the business attempting to locate, contact, offer, and make incentivebased information available to consumers. 17 Loyalty Marketing Loyalty marketing is an approach to marketing, based on strategic management, in which a company focuses on growing and retaining existing customers through incentives. Branding, product marketing and loyalty marketing all form part of the customer proposition the subjective assessment by the customer of whether to purchase a brand or not based on the integrated combination of the value they receive from each of these marketing disciplines.[1] 18 Social Marketing Loyalty marketing is an approach to marketing, based on strategic management, in which a company focuses on growing and retaining existing customers through incentives. Branding, product marketing and loyalty marketing all form part of the customer proposition the subjective assessment by the customer of whether to purchase a brand or not based on the integrated combination of the value they receive from each of these marketing disciplines. 19 Green Marketing Refers to the process of selling products and/or services based on their environmental benefits. Such a product or service may be environmentally friendly in it or produced and/or packaged in an environmentally friendly way. 20 Services Marketing

The promotion of economic activities offered by a business to its clients. Service marketing might include the process of selling telecommunications, health treatment, financial, hospitality, car rental, air travel, and professional services.

21.Co-branding strategy combines one or more brands in the manufacture of a product or in the delivery of a service. It can also happen when two or more retailers share the same location 22 Benchmarking: process in which an organization improves performance by continually comparing and measuring itself against the leading firms in an industry and implementing changes for quality improvement