Introduction To ZXSDR Products (GSM)

Introduction to ZXSDR Products Internal Use Only
Introduction to ZXSDR Products (GSM)

(V2009-R1.0)
ZTE CORPORATION
Confidential and Proprietary Information of ZTE CORPORATION.
Introduction to ZXSDR Products (GSM)

(V2009-R1.0)
Planned by: Engineering Service Division , Mobile Product Support Center , ZTE Corporation Complied by: Zhao Yanghao Reviewed by: Liu Zike Zhang Huamin * * * * ZTE CORPORATION Address: ZTE Plaza, Keji Road South, Hi-tech Industrial Park, Nanshan District, Shenzhen, P.R. China Post code: 518057 Technical support website: http://tsm.zte.com.cn Hotline: +86 755 26770800 800-830-1118 Fax: +86 755 26770801 * * *
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Preface
ZXSDR is the new BTS product by ZTE Corporation. This document aims to make the readers know its background, technique features and commissioning method.
Content
1. What is SDR................................................................................................................................................1 1.1 Challenge in the Development of Communication Technology............................................................1 1.2 SDR Concept..........................................................................................................................................1 2. ZTE SDR Solution......................................................................................................................................2 2.1 Why to Select ZXSDR Series BTS........................................................................................................2 2.1.1 High-integrity...............................................................................................................................3 2.1.2 Flexible Architecture....................................................................................................................3 2.1.3 Multiple New Functions...............................................................................................................4 2.1.4 Lower Cost...................................................................................................................................4 2.2 Main Differences Between ZXSDR and Traditional 2G BTS...............................................................4 2.2.1 uTCA-based..................................................................................................................................4 2.2.2 BBU+RRU Architecture..............................................................................................................5 2.2.3 Introduction to OMCB.................................................................................................................6 2.2.4 IP Abis Interface...........................................................................................................................6 2.2.5 Multi-carrier Combination...........................................................................................................7 2.3 ZXSDR BTSs.........................................................................................................................................7 2.3.1 ZXSDR B8200.............................................................................................................................8 2.3.2 ZXSDR R8860 Hardware Structure...........................................................................................12 2.3.3 ZXSDR BS8800 GU360 Hardware Structure...........................................................................14 2.3.4 ZXSDR BS8900 GU360 Hardware Structure...........................................................................16 2.4 Conditions for the Subscription of SDR..............................................................................................18 3. ZTE SDR Networking..............................................................................................................................19 3.1 From the Angle of Abis Interface.........................................................................................................19 3.2 From the Angle of Network Topology.................................................................................................20 3.2.1 Networking of BBU and RNC/BSC..........................................................................................20 3.2.2 Networking of BBU and RRU...................................................................................................21 3.3 From the Angle of O&M......................................................................................................................23 3.3.1 Networking Sample....................................................................................................................23 Confidential and Proprietary Information of ZTE CORPORATION.
Introduction to ZXSDR Products Internal Use Only 4. ZXSDR Series BTS Hardware Installation............................................................................................25 4.1.1 B8200 Hardware Installation.....................................................................................................25 4.1.2 B8860 Hardware Installation.....................................................................................................29 4.1.3 B8200+R8860 Installation and Distribution Diagram...............................................................32 5. ZTE SDR Commissioning........................................................................................................................33 5.1 SDR BTS Commissioning Flow..........................................................................................................33 5.2 OMCR Data Configuration..................................................................................................................35 5.2.1 BSC Global Resource Configuration.........................................................................................36 5.2.2 Board Configuration of Abis and OMCB Interfaces.................................................................37 5.2.3 IP-Related Configuration...........................................................................................................39 5.2.4 Configuring a B8200 Site Under the OMCR.............................................................................43 5.3 OMCB Data Configuration..................................................................................................................46 5.3.1 Creating A SDR Management NE..............................................................................................46 5.3.2 Applying for Exclusion Right for the Management NE............................................................47 5.3.3 Creating A BTS Configuration Set.............................................................................................48 5.3.4 Physical Configuration...............................................................................................................49 5.3.5 Transmission Configuration.......................................................................................................50 5.3.6 Clock Configuration...................................................................................................................52 5.3.7 Optional Configuration..............................................................................................................52 5.3.8 Radio Configuration...................................................................................................................53 5.4 LMT Installation and Data Configuration............................................................................................54 5.4.1 SDR Logging in to the SDR with the Debugger........................................................................54 5.4.2 Configuring the SDR BTS Through the LMT...........................................................................54 5.4.3 Basic Property Configuration.....................................................................................................54 5.4.4 Physical Configuration...............................................................................................................55 5.4.5 Transmission Configuration.......................................................................................................56 5.4.6 Radio Configuration...................................................................................................................58 5.5 Data Synchronization Between the Foreground and the Background.................................................59 Appendix........................................................................................................................................................61
1. What is SDR
1.1 Challenge in the Development of Communication Technology
With the increasing communication demands, new technologies come out in succession. The common concern for communication operators and equipment suppliers is how to upgrade equipment more flexibly and protect the investment of operators to greatest extent in the continuous technology updates. The SDR concept is proposed for this problem.
1.2 SDR Concept

The software defined radio (SDR) is defined as radio in which some or all of the physical layer functions are software defined. The traditional communication equipment, namely the hardware radio (HR), functions through the hardware. Therefore, functions are often improved by upgrading the equipment. SDR uses the hardware as a general processing platform and functions through the software. Thus, it provides a more flexible and low-cost solution. It also supports multiple systems, bands, and functions through the software.
Figure 1.2-1 SDR Technology Facilitates the Function Improvement of Communication System
2. ZTE SDR Solution

Now we have known what SDR technology is. Lets take a look at SDR products. First, read the following news: On the just-concluded 2008 broadband world forum (BBWF), B8200 and R8860, the innovative SDR products of ZTE, stood out from various solutions, winning the InfoVision award issued by IEC. BBWF, hosted by IEC, is an authorized grant event of the global broadband industry. The InfoVision award is designed for commending those significant technologies, applications, products, innovations, and services with special meaning and value in the Telecom industry. The awardees include enterprises and individuals that have developed innovative technologies and made great contributions to the society. Once again, ZTE boasts its leadership in the radio technology field by winning the top-level award with the innovative SDR product. (www.sina.com) However, how can ZTE SDR products (ZXSDR) receive such a honor?
2.1 Why to Select ZXSDR Series BTS

ZTE SDR serial BTS are a brand-new series of radio products designed and produced by ZTE. They use the advanced SDR technology and their hardware
T A structure is based on the uniform C
platform of ZTE, innovatively
supporting multiple radio access methods, including GSM, UMTS, CDMA2000, and WiMAX. In addition, SDR can be smoothly evolved into the Enhanced EDGE/LTE.
Currently, the GSM networking mainly uses three types of SDR BTS: the first is indoor macro BTS, such as ZXSDR B8800 GU306; the second is outdoor macro BTS, such as ZXSDR B8900 GU306; the third is distributed BTS in which BBU is at the local end and RU is at the remote end (RRU), such as ZXSDR B8200 GU360 + ZXSDR B8860 GU906/GU186. For the structure, see Figure 2.1-2.
Figure 2.1-2 Distributed BTS
Compared with the traditional BTS, SDR has the following features aside from supporting multiple systems such as GSM and UMTS.
2.1.1 High-integrity
Based on the All-IP transmission structure. Support RU of multiple bands. BBU supports 60TRX, and RU supports 6TRX/2TRX. RU60 board supports 6TRX, and RU02 board supports 2TRX.
One fiber supports 24 TRXs. 2G supports a maximum capacity of S666666 or S12/12/12; 3G supports a maximum of 12CS; the dual mode supports a maximum of S333 + S666 (GSM + UMTS).
Support the smooth evolution to LTE and HSPA+
2.1.2 Flexible Architecture

Support the macro BTS and RRU BBU and RU within a cabinet is called a macro BTS. RRU is called a
Introduction to ZXSDR Products Internal Use Only distributed BTS Support FE/GE and E1/T1 (IPOE) Do not support the channelized E1/T1 currently
Support the indoor/outdoor type Small size, light weight, energy-saving and environment protection Support the technology evolution
2.1.3 Multiple New Functions

Baseband frequency hopping Transmit/receive diversity DDT/DPCT Multi-carrier combination
2.1.4 Lower Cost

Reduced unit cost Reduced typical networking cost Saved ABIS bandwidth Reduced operating cost Reduced maintenance cost
2.2 Main Differences Between ZXSDR and Traditional 2G BTS

ZXSDR features are described above. Now let's take a look at the main differences between ZXSDR and traditional 2G BTS.
2.2.1 uTCA-based
uTCA is the abbreviation of the Micro TCA that is the short form of the advanced Telecom computing architecture (ATCA). As a standard open architecture, uTCA provides options for communication system design on various components of different handovers, ports, protocols and functions, system architecture, redundancy and high availability. Confidential and Proprietary Information of ZTE CORPORATION.
2.2.2 BBU+RRU Architecture

The separation between baseband and RF can maximize their own advantages. The baseband can obtain the maximum integrity, while RF focuses on the maximization of its own power and efficiency. Therefore, the networking is more flexible. After the separation, the baseband part is called base band unit (BBU), while the RF part is called remote radio unit (RRU). Their functions are displayed as shown in Figure 2.2-3.
Figure 2.2-3 Separated Structure of Baseband and RF
BTS is divided into BBU and RRU. One BBU can provide baseband resources for multiple RRU. Functions of BBU and RRU are as follows: BBU is responsible for digital baseband signal handling and control management. RRU is responsible for handovers between digital baseband signals and analog signals between RRU and antenna. BBU is connected to RRU through the baseband-to-RF interface, and it transmits I/Q digital baseband signals and OAM signaling data. To ensure the real-time transmission, the interface should be an optical interface physically. BBU is connected to BSC/RNC through the Abis/Iub interface. RRU accesses MS/UE through the Um/Uu interface.
Note: besides the distributed BTS ZXSDR B8200 GU360 + ZXSDR B8860 GU906/GU186 (see Figure 2.1-2), the baseband and RF of all ZXSDR BTS are separated. The so-called SDR macro BTS means BBU and RU within a cabinet. It is still two independent units physically. In addition, BBU in macro Confidential and Proprietary Information of ZTE CORPORATION.
Introduction to ZXSDR Products Internal Use Only BTS BS8800 and BS8900 uses B8820 directly.
2.2.3 Introduction to OMCB

A traditional 2G BTS (such as BTSV2 and BTSV3) is configured and managed through OMCR, while the configurations of a SDR BTS should be performed on LMT or OMCB. OMCR is used to configure some radio data. The operate and maintenant center for NoedB (OMCB) is the O&M unit that manages NodeB in the 3GPP. As a dual-mode product supporting GSM and 3G, SDR also supports OMCB. The single-threaded link OMCR BSC BTS is changed into the dual-threaded link OMCB BTS and OMCR BSC BTS. For BTS, an upper level is added, as shown in Figure 2.2-4.
OMCB
OMCR
RNC
BSC
SDR
Figure 2.2-4 SDR Network Management Structure
Based on the management mode of WCDMA, the board management, configuration, software downloading, alarm of all SDRs are implemented on OMCB. For the dual mode, GSM O&M are transferred to OMCB, while OMCR only manages the GSM-related radio configuration and status management. This is the difference for OMCR in SDR environment.
2.2.4 IP Abis Interface

The other major difference for a SDR BTS from a traditional 2G BTS is that the Abis/Iub uses IP protocol. Its physical bearer can be FE/GE or E1/T1 (IP over E1/T1), but not the E1/T1 of TDM. If E1/T1 is used, BTS can fully use the Confidential and Proprietary Information of ZTE CORPORATION.
Introduction to ZXSDR Products Internal Use Only existing transmission equipment to save the user investment; if FE/GE is used, BTS will obtain more bandwidth, which is oriented to the communication system evolution to all IP.
2.2.5 Multi-carrier Combination

The multi-carrier combination (MCUM) is the product of the introduction of 3G OTSR into the GSM system. To satisfy the complicated coverage requirements and special applications of high-speed movement (such as high-speed railway and freeway), the SDR can cover a single cell using antennas of different angles at different positions, that is, the multi-carrier combination coverage. Use the RRU to solve the problems such as antenna feeder and repeater. When multiple RRU downlink signals are the same, the uplink will select and combine one of these signals. Error: Reference source not found is an example of the multi-carrier combination application and high-speed railway. Because each cell is covered by multiple antennas in different positions, the coverage distance of the cell along the railway is increased significantly, thus effectively reduce the voice problems caused by inter-cell handovers.
Figure 2.2-5 Multi-carrier Combination Application
2.3 ZXSDR BTSs

As mentioned above, the current GSM networking mainly uses three types of SDR BTS: the first is the indoor macro BTS, such as ZXSDR B8800 GU306; Confidential and Proprietary Information of ZTE CORPORATION.
Introduction to ZXSDR Products Internal Use Only the second is the outdoor macro BTS, such as ZXSDR B8900 GU306; the third is the distributed BTS (a BTS type that the BBU is at the local end, while the RU is at the remote end (RRU)), such as ZXSDR B8200 GU360 + ZXSDR R8860 GU906/GU186. For the structure. Now we will give a brief introduction for the B8200, R8860, BS8800, and BS8900 respectively.
2.3.1 ZXSDR B8200

ZXSDR B8200 system description ZXSDR B8200 GU360 is a dual-mode baseband unit based on the uTCA platform. It can support the GSM or UMTS system or both, and share the common control function and transmission. ZXSDR B8200 GU360 supports a maximum of 60 GSM carriers, or 12 UMTS carrier-sectors. ZXSDR B8200 hardware structure For ZXSDR B8200, see Figure 2.3-1. The cabinet is 2U high and 19 inch wide, and is easy to be inserted with a 19 inch standard rack.
Figure 2.3-6 ZXSDR B8200
For the board function and interface of the ZXSDR B8200, see Figure 2.32.
Figure 2.3-7 ZXSDR B8200 Board and Interface (slot numbers in red)
In the figure, the two rightmost boards inserted vertically are the dustproof mesh and fan modules. Other boards are: Clock and control module (CC): a) Function: frame management, GPS/BITS clock access, Abis/Iub interface, Ethernet switch (switch between the signaling stream and media stream) b) Location: fixed in slot 1 or 2. You can insert one or two (active/standby) boards. Network switch module (FS): a) Function: provide the interface between the BBU and RRU to switch the baseband IQ data. b) Location: fixed in slot 3 or 4. You can insert one or two (for load sharing) boards. Baseband processing board (BP): a) Function: the BP board can be divided into two categories: the UBPG (common GSM baseband processing board) supporting the GSM, which modulates/demodulates 12 IQ channels, and supports baseband FM and dynamic/static power control; the BPC (baseband processing C board) supporting the UMTS, Confidential and Proprietary Information of ZTE CORPORATION.
Introduction to ZXSDR Products Internal Use Only which is also responsible for operations such as coding/decoding and power control. For the dual modes, both UBPG and BPC should be inserted. b) Location: slot 5, 6, 7, or 8, or slot 3 or 4 (only one is inserted, because the FS needs a slot). All BP boards are oriented to the sharing operation. Field alarm module (SA): a) Function: provide 8 E1/T1 interfaces, dry contact interfaces (6 inputs + 2 inputs/outputs), and alarm monitoring. b) Location: fixed in slot 13.
Power management module (PM): a) Function: provide -48 V DC input, and the power management function such as over-/under-voltage protection. b) Location: insert one or two (active/standby) boards in slots 14 and 15.
For the external interface of the B8200, see Figure 2.3-2. For the function of each interface, see Table 2.3-1.
Table 2.3-1 ZXSDR B8200 External Interfaces Local Cable No. Connection Position Optical 1 interface of the FS board on the B8200 Power 2 interface of the PM board on the B8200 MON on the 3 PM board on the B8200 4 DB44 lug of E1 stub SA panel Connect E1 signal DC -48 V B8200 power cable cable Remote Cable Connection Position CPRI interface the RRU CPRI on interface cable Connect and the the RRU, BBU Cable Name Cable Usage Cable Medium/Typ e single fiber 10 square B8200 power supply millimeter power supply cable
and mode optical
transmit IQ signals

Remote Cable Connection Position from the SA panel optical line DB9 lug of line DB25 lug of the SA panel line EXT 5 interface of the CC board on the B8200 REF port of on the B8200 GPS protector GPS antenna feeder cable terminal External equipment Position to be monitored on the DDF rack the SA panel debugging line Connect RS232/RS485 port cable Connect dry contact signal cable EXT communication (485 or interface) connected which to external port is the PP1S+/2M+ serial the cable Cable Name Cable Usage
Local Cable No. Connection Position
Cable Medium/Typ e
external receiver 6 the CC board lighting Receive signals Connect the Ethernet ETH0 interface 7, (electrical 8 interface) on the B8200 of the CC board ports between the BBU GE IP network electrical connected to interface the RNC and RNC. This port is categorized into two types: Ethernet optical RJ45 UTP CAT-5/CAT-6 the GPS
cable of the interface and electrical Iub interface interface (10M/100M/1000M adaptive) Used GE for the of the
ETH1 interface 9 (electrical interface) on the B8200 of the CC board
cascade, debugging, or local the maintenance BBC, and RJ45 UTP CAT-5/CAT-6
IP network electrical connected to interface the RNC
cable of the Ethernet 00M adaptive)
electrical
Iub interface interface(10M/100M/10
2.3.2 ZXSDR R8860 Hardware Structure

ZXSDR R8860 system description ZXSDR R8860 is the outdoor dual-mode RF remote unit in the ZXSDR serial BTSs. The core of the R8860 is the multi-carrier technology. The R8860 can be used as the RF unit of the GSM or UMTS independently, and can be operated in both GSM and UMTS systems simultaneously. It forms the dual-mode BTS with the BBU. When the R8860 is used as the RF unit of the GSM, it can support 1 - 6 carriers; when it is used as the RF unit of the UMTS, it can support a maximum of four carrier-sectors; when it is operated in both GSM and UMTS systems, it can support a maximum of four GSM carriers + one UMTS carrier-sector. The R8860 can be categorized into ZXSDR R8860 GU906 and ZXSDR R8860 GU186. The GU indicates that the GSM and UMTS dual modes are supported. The 906 indicates that the GSM900 and UMTS900 are supported, and the transmitting power is 60 W. The 186 indicates that the GSM1800 and UMTS1800 are supported, and the transmitting power is 60 W. ZXSDR R8860 hardware structure For the ZXSDR B8860, see the following figure.
Figure 2.3-8 ZXSDR R8860 Appearance
For the external interfaces of the B8860, see the following figure.
Figure 2.3-9 ZXSDR R8860 External Interfaces
For the connections between interfaces and cables, see Table 2.3-2.
T 2.3-2 ZXSDR R8860 External Interfaces
No.
Label
Interface
Interface Type/Connector
Introduction to ZXSDR Products Internal Use Only Interface 1 LC1 between LC optical interface (IEC 874)
BBU and RRU/RRU cascading interface Interface between
LC2
BBU and RRU/RRU cascading interface AISG device interface External LMT, etc.) device
LC optical interface (IEC 874) 8-core aerial socket (IEC 60130-9ED) 37-core aerial socket DC interface: connector
AISG
Mon
interface (monitoring,
DC IN
Power interface Receive diversity RF cable interface Receive/Transmit main set RF cable interface Frequency expansion interface Frequency expansion interface Equipment grounding
XCG18T4K1P1-01+XC18FJJP1-10.5 Cable cross-sectional area: 1.5mm
RX
50 DIN connector
RX/TX
50 DIN connector
8 9 10
RXout RXin GND
N-KY (MIL-C-39012 or IEC 169-16) N-KY (MIL-C-39012 or IEC 169-16) Cable cross-sectional area: 35mm
2.3.3 ZXSDR BS8800 GU360 Hardware Structure

BS8800 system description The BS8800 GU360 is a dual-mode indoor macro BTS, supporting both GSM (850M/900M/1800M/1900M) and UMTS (850M/900M/1800M/1900M/2.1G) radio systems simultaneously. It can act as a GSM/UMTS macro BTS independently, and support the soft base station in some bands (850M/900M/1800M/1900M). The appearance is shown as in Figure 2.3-5. The single cabinet of the BS8800 GU360 supports a maximum of 36 GSM Confidential and Proprietary Information of ZTE CORPORATION.
Introduction to ZXSDR Products Internal Use Only carriers. When the station configures more than 36 carriers, you can add an auxiliary cabinet of 36 carriers capacity. In Figure 2.3-5, cabinet 2 is the main cabinet, and cabinet 1 is the auxiliary cabinet.
Figure 2.3-10 ZXSDR BS8800
BS8800 hardware structure The baseband and the RF are separated in the BS8800 GU360. For the internal structure, see Figure 2.3-6. In the figure, the baseband is B8200, and the RF has three options: RU60: it is the dual-mode multi-carrier RF unit, supporting six GSM carriers, four UMTS carrier-sector, four GSM carriers + one UMTS carrier-sector, or two GSM carriers + two UMTS carrier-sectors. RU02: it is the GSM single-mode double-density RF unit, supporting two GSM carriers. RU40: it is the UMTS single-mode multi-carrier RF unit, supporting four UMTS carrier-sectors.
Figure 2.3-11 ZXSDR BS8800 Internal Structure
2.3.4 ZXSDR BS8900 GU360 Hardware Structure

BS8900 system description The BS8900 GU360 is a dual-mode indoor macro BTS, supporting both GSM (850M/900M/1800M/1900M) and UMTS (850M/900M/1800M/1900M/2.1G) radio systems at the same time. It can act as a GSM/UMTS macro BTS independently, and support the soft base station in some bands (850M/900M/1800M/1900M). The single cabinet of the BS8900 GU360 supports a maximum of 36 GSM carriers. When the station configures more than 36 carriers, you can add a RF cabinet or an auxiliary station-supported cabinet supporting the RF Confidential and Proprietary Information of ZTE CORPORATION.
Introduction to ZXSDR Products Internal Use Only unit. BS8900 hardware structure The baseband is separated from the RF in the BS8800 GU360. The baseband is B8200, and the RF has three options: RU60: it is the dual-mode multi-carrier RF unit, supporting six GSM carriers, four UMTS carrier-sector, four GSM carriers + one UMTS carrier-sector, or two GSM carriers + two UMTS carrier-sectors. RU02: it is the GSM single-mode double-density RF unit, supporting two GSM carriers. RU40: it is the UMTS single-mode multi-carrier RF unit, supporting four UMTS carrier-sectors. The BS8900 GU360 can configure the following cabinets: Station-supported cabinet BC8910: it is used to store the power system, baseband pool unit, heat exchanger, and transmission equipment. Station RF cabinet RC8910: it is used to store the RF. Station-supported cabinet RC8911: it is used to store the RF unit and battery. Station-supported cabinet RC8931: it is used to store the RF unit and storage battery. Battery cabinet PC8910: it is used to store the storage battery.
The BS8900 GU360 can form multiple combinations by the above cabinets. Where, the BC8910, RC8910, RC8911, and PC8910 share the same appearance and size. For the appearance and internal structure of the RC8931 + BC8910 + RC8910 combination, see Figure 2.3-7.
Figure 2.3-12 ZXSDR BS8900 Appearance and Internal Structure (A Combination)
2.4 Conditions for the Subscription of SDR

Now we have a preliminary concept of the SDR. Lets take a look at the conditions for the subscription of the SDR. The iBSC needs an IP interface board IPBB (the physical board is BIPI (100 M) or GIPI (Gigabit)) to provide the FE interfaces for the SDRs of the OMCB and FE Abis. If the Abis interface is E1/T1, the DTB and EUIP (the physical board is EIPI) should be configured as the interface board of the IP over E1/T1. The iBSC version should be iBSCV6.20 or later. The iSMG version should be iSMGV6.20 or later. The NetNumen version should be MinosV6.10.410d or later.
3. ZTE SDR Networking

Now we know so many advantages of the SDR, but how to use the SDR? In this chapter, we will learn this point, including networking, installation, and commissioning. Lets start with the SDR networking. Each network shows different networking figures at different angles. So does the SDR BTS networking. Lets learn the SDR networking from three angles: Abis networking interface, BSC/BBU/RRU topology, and the O&M network management of the SDR.
3.1 From the Angle of Abis Interface

Currently, the SDR BTS only supports the IP Abis interface. Its physical bearer can be FE/GE or E1/T1 (IP over E1/T1), but can not be the TDM E1/T1. When the FE/GE is used, the networking of the SDR and BSC is as shown in Figure 3.1-1. This networking can obtain more transmission bandwidth.
Router Switch P C M/X .2 5/DDN. . . BBU Router
Switch
iBSC
Figure 3.1-13 The Networking when the Abis Interface Uses the FE/GE
For E1/T1, the networking of the SDR and BSC is as shown in Figure 3.1-2. This networking can fully use the existing transmission equipment and save the user investments.
DDF
SDH
Transmission cable
. BBU
SDH DDF
iBSC
Figure 3.1-14 The Networking when the Abis Interface Uses the E1/T1
3.2 From the Angle of Network Topology

The network topology of the SDR can be categorized into the networking of BBU and RNC/BSC and the networking of BBU and RRU.
3.2.1 Networking of BBU and RNC/BSC

The networking of BBU and RNC/BSC is categorized into star and chain, as shown in Figures 3.2-1 and 3.2-2. The networking of the SDR macro BTS B8800/B8900 and RNC/BSC is the same as that of the BBU and RNC/BSC. For the star networking, the BSC/RNC in each site will introduce n transmission links directly, and all the BTS equipment on each site are the end equipment. See Figure 3.2-1. The star networking features simple networking, convenient maintenance and engineering, less processes for signals, and high reliability of the line. However, the star networking demands the most transmission lines compared with other networks.
Figure 3.2-15 BBU Star Networking
Chain networking The chain networking is used for band-distributed, low line density areas, such as freeways and railways. Theoretically, the B8200 supports fivelevel cascades. However, to avoid the deterioration of the clock performance, the number of BTS cascades in the chain networking should not higher than level 4, as shown in Figure 3.2-2. The chain networking can save a lot of transmission equipment. But because the signals should pass many processes, the line is reliable.
Figure 3.2-16 BBU Chain Networking
3.2.2 Networking of BBU and RRU

The networking of the BBU and RRU is categorized into star and chain. Star networking
Introduction to ZXSDR Products Internal Use Only The ZXSDR B8200 GU360 can use the star networking, and use the fiber for the transmission. Its networking is shown as in Figure 3.2-3. The ZXSDR B8200 GU360 can form a star network with a maximum of 12 RRU star.
Figure 3.2-17 RRU Star Networking
Chain Network For the chain networking, the RRU is connected to the RRU of the ZXSDR B8200 GU360 or cascade through the optical fiber interface. See Figure 3.2-4. The ZXSDR B8200 GU360 supports a maximum of level 4 RRU chain networking. The chain networking is applicable for band-distributed, low line density areas. It can save a lot of transmission equipment.
Figure 3.2-18 RRU Chain Networking
3.3 From the Angle of O&M

3.3.1 Networking Sample
Remember what is OMCB? In the above chapter, we know that the difference between the SDR and the traditional 2G BTS is that the SDR BTS has two network managements: one is OMCR, the other is OMCB. Most of the operations are performed on the OMCB. See Figure 2.2-2 if you can not recall it. In the actual networking, the OMCB and OMCR can be installed on two independent servers, or be integrated into a network management (iSMG) and installed in a server (SBCX). How the OMCB communicates with the SDR then? Networking Description When the OMCB and OMCR are deployed in combination, they are still two independent network management units logically. They are just installed on the SBCX board physically. Then, the iBSC should provide two sets of IP interfaces which will be connected to the SDR BTS and OMCB server; the iBSC should be configured with a virtual address (RPU interface address). The networking is shown in Error: Reference source not found. The connection between the SDR and BSC: for physical E1 access, the interface board at SDR side is the SA, while the interface board at BSC side is DTB (should work with EUIP to implement the IP access); For FE/GE access, the interface board at SDR side is CC, while the Confidential and Proprietary Information of ZTE CORPORATION.
Introduction to ZXSDR Products Internal Use Only interface board at BSC side is IPBB. Connection between the OMCB and BSC: For FE/GE access, the OMCB interface is the external network interface of the SBCX. It is usually the HEART1. The IPBB is used at BSC side.
IPBB_SDR/ EUIP_SDR 118 .18.2.254
OMCB 139.1.1.200 Switch
IPBB_OMCB 139 .1.1.254
RPU 118 .18.1.1
SDR 18 .18.2.100
Figure 3.3-19 OMCB O&M System Network Topology
4. ZXSDR Series BTS Hardware Installation

This chapter describes the BTS installation of the SDT. As the macro BTS installation of the SDR is the same as that of other macro BTSs, no more detailed will be given here. But it is easy and flexible to install the distributed BTS, because its volume is small and its BBU is separated from the RRU.
4.1.1 B8200 Hardware Installation

ZXSDR B8200 is a 19-inch standard cabinet. It features compact size and easy installation. It supports several installation methods: indoor stand installation (19-inch rack, also called gantry support), wall installation, pole installation, and outdoor installation. The most common installation is to use the existing or new indoor floor stand, which is a 19-inch rack. Besides B8200, it can be installed with other stand equipment such as a router. In wall installation, install the cabinet ZXSDR BC8180 and then the B8200. The internal structure of the ZXSDR BC8180 is similar to the installation structure of the indoor floor stand. That is, the ZXSDR BC8180 is a small indoor floor structure. For its appearance, see Figure 3.3-1. And for its internal structure, see Figure 3.3-2.
Figure 3.3-1 ZXSDR BC8180 Appearance
Figure 3.3-2 ZXSDR BC8180 Internal Structure
Introduction to ZXSDR Products Internal Use Only Figure 3.3-3 shows the wall installation when the ZXSDR BC8180 is used.
Figure 3.3-3 ZXSDR BC8180 Wall Installation
In wall installation, you can also use a simple frame, as shown in Figure 3.3-4: the simple frame is 4U high. You can insert two B8200s or one B8200 and one lighting arrestor to the frame.
Figure 3.3-4 ZXSDR BC8180 Simple Wall Installation
In pole installation, also install the cabinet ZXSDR BC8180 first, as shown
Introduction to ZXSDR Products Internal Use Only in Figure 3.3-5.
Figure 3.3-5 ZXSDR BC8180 Pole Installation
In outdoor installation, install the outdoor cabinet ZXDU58 W121 and then B8200. Figure 3.3-6 shows the installation.
Figure 3.3-6 Outdoor Cabinet ZXDU58 W121 Installation
4.1.2 B8860 Hardware Installation

The B8860 can be installed in three methods: wall installation, pole installation, and floor installation, as shown in Figures 3.3-7, 3.3-8, and 3.3-9 independently.
Figure 3.3-7 ZXSDR R8860 Wall Installation
Figure 3.3-8 ZXSDR R8860 Pole Installation
Figure 3.3-9 ZXSDR R8860 Floor Installation
4.1.3 B8200+R8860 Installation and Distribution Diagram
Figure 3.3-10 B8200+R8860 Installation and Distribution Diagram
5. ZTE SDR Commissioning

5.1 SDR BTS Commissioning Flow
The following figure shows the SDR BTS commissioning flow:
BSC Installation Commissioning
Commissioning Preparation
Hardware Check
OMCR Data Configuration
Local Commissioning of LMT
OMCB Data Configuration
Installation & Configuration Check

No
Is link created?
Yes
Synchronize Data on Foreground and Background
Service Testing
End
Figure 5.1-1 SDR Commissioning Flow
Introduction to ZXSDR Products Internal Use Only SDR hardware installation includes SDR equipment installation and cable connection. BSC installation debugging includes hardware installation, background software installation, BSC data configuration, version management, connection of A and Gb interfaces, and service test. The background network management must be installed in the OMCR+OMCB (the iSMGV6.20 supports this). OMCR data configuration is the data configuration related to the SDR at the BSC side. It falls into four parts: BSC global resource setting, board configuration of the Abis interface, IP interface configuration, and radio parameter configuration of the SDR site. The OMCB is the operation and maintenance center of the SDR BTS. With it, you can configure SDR data and remotely maintain the SDR in the commissioning. LMT local debugging refers to connect the debugger to the SDR and configure local data through the LMT software. You can use the LMT to configure transmission-related information (such as IP address and route), physical information (such as board and topology relation), and partial radio information (such as band and central frequency ). You can also use it to manage the SDR version. Synchronization between the foreground and the background refers to transconfigure the data configured on the SDR at the foreground side to the OMCB at the background side, or synchronize the data configured on the OMCB at the background side to the SDR at the foreground side after link establishment between the foreground and the background. Before link establishment between the foreground and the background, the following four prerequisites must be satisfied: The transmission network runs normally. SDR interface-related parameters are correctly configured on the OMCR. SDR management NE is correctly created on the OMCB. Transmission parameters are correctly configured through the LMT.
Figure 5.1-2 Link Establishment Between the Foreground and Background Requires Cooperation of Four Prerequisites
Note that LMT configurations are the same as OMCB configurations. When the SDR is subscribed, configure the data of the BSC side on the OMCR in one of the following two ways: 1. a. configure all data through the OMCB. b. configure SDR transmission parameters through the LMT. c. establish a link between the SDR and the OMCB. d. synchronize the data configured on the OMCB to the SDR. 2. a. configure all data though the LMT. b. create a SDR management NE on the OMCB. c. establish a link between the OMCB and the SDR. d. Transconfigure the SDR data to the OMCB. But the first method is recommended. The following sections simply describe main steps of this debugging method.
5.2 OMCR Data Configuration

[Task Purpose] 1. Set the BSC global resource configuration parameters. 2. Configure the Abis interface board and OMCB interface bard of the BSC. 3. Configure the Abis interface, OMCB interface, IP interface of the BSC virtual address. 4. Configure the logical site and radio parameters of the SDR. [Task Preparations] 1. The operating system, database and iOMCRV6.20 network management including the OMCR and OMCB are correctly installed and run normally. 2. The A interface and Gb interface of the iBSC are connected, and the
Introduction to ZXSDR Products Internal Use Only dialing test is normal. 3. IP addresses of the SDR site, Abis interface on the BSC, OMCB interface, OMCB interface and the virtual IP address of the BSC are planned. The module number corresponding to the SDR on the BSC and Abis interface position are also planned.
5.2.1 BSC Global Resource Configuration

1. Configure the IP addresses of the OMCB and IPabis for the BSC global resources, as shown in Figures 5.2-1 and 5.2.2.
Figure 5.2-1 Property Configuration of the BSC Global Resources
Figure 5.2-2 iBSC Virtual Address Configuration
5.2.2 Board Configuration of Abis and OMCB Interfaces

Board configuration of the Abis interface When the Abis interface uses IPOverE1, configure the DTB board on the E1 interface of the Abis interface and add a EUIP board, as shown in Figures 5.2-3 and 5.2-4.
Figure 5.2-3 PCM Property Configuration
Figure 5.2-4 HDLC Configuration of the EUIP Board
When the Abis uses FE, configure the IPBB board on the IP interface of the Abis interface, as shown in Figure 5.2-5.
Figure 5.2-5 Configuration of the IPBB Board to the Abis Interface
Create a IPBB board connected to the OMCB The configuration method is the same as the method for configuring the IPBB board to the FE Abis interface. See Figure 5.2-5. The IPBB to the OMCB and the IPBB to the SDR can use different network ports of the same board. But the two ports must be configured in different network segments.
5.2.3 IP-Related Configuration

Create an IP Abis interface, as shown in Figures 5.2-6 and 5.2-7:
Figure 5.2-6 Create an IP Interface
Figure 5.2-7 Select the RPU
Create an IPPB interface for the OMCB, as shown in Figures 5.2-6 and 5.2-8.
Figure 5.2-8 Select IPBB
Interface configuration when the Abis interface uses E1 Create an EUIP interface to the E1, as shown in Figures 5.2-6 and 5.2-9.
Figure 5.2-9 Select the EUIP Interface
Create IPOverE1 and PPP configuration, as shown in Figures 5.2-10 and 5.2-11.
Figure 5.2-10 Create IP Over E1
Figure 5.2-11 Create PPP
Interface configuration when the Abis interface uses FE. See Figures 5.2-6 and 5.2-12.
Figure 5.2-12 Create the IPBB Interface to the SDR Abis Interface
5.2.4 Configuring a B8200 Site Under the OMCR

Create a logical site and create a rack and a cell on the site, as shown in Figure 5.2-13 and Figure 5.2-14. Figure 5.2-15 shows the created site. Note that it is just a logical site. Thus, no board is displayed on the rack. Confidential and Proprietary Information of ZTE CORPORATION.
Figure 5.2-13 Create a SDR Rack on the OMCR
Figure 5.2-14 Create a SDR Rack on the OMCR
Figure 5.2-15 B8200 Logical Rack on the OMCR
Configure the transceiver, as shown in Figure 5.2-16. Compared to the BTS accessed to the traditional E1, the BTS must be configured with IP information, DSP mark number and port number besides transceiver information and channel information. See Figure 5.2-17.
Figure 5.2-16 Create a Transceiver
Figure 5.2-17 IP Information of the Transceiver
5.3 OMCB Data Configuration

[Task Purpose] Configure the SDR physical data according to the planning [Task Preparations] 1. Know the BTS name, site number and site type of each SDR site. 2. Know the physical transmission type (E1/T1 or Ethernet). 3. Know the interface position and module number corresponding to the SDR site on the iBSC. 4. Know the IP address of each SDR BTS, and IP addresses of the iBSC interfaces to the BTSs, and virtual address of the IP Abis interface of the iBSC. 5. Know the planned IP address of each site and the planned frequency of each RRU.
5.3.1 Creating A SDR Management NE

Create a GERANT subnetwork, as shown in Figure 5.3-1.
Figure 5.3-1 Create a GERAN Subnetwork (1)
Create a BTS Management NE, as shown in Figure 5.3-2.
Figure 5.3-2 Create a BTS Management NE
5.3.2 Applying for Exclusion Right for the Management NE

Without exclusion right, you cannot create or modify the NE. Figure 5.3-3 shows the method of applying for exclusion right.
Figure 5.3-2 Applying for Exclusion Right
When you have applied for exclusion right successfully, the tree node on the network management interface is displayed as a green lock, as shown in Figure 5.3-3.
Figure 5.3-4 Exclusion Right Applied Successfully
5.3.3 Creating A BTS Configuration Set

Create a BTS configuration set, as shown in Figure 5.3-4. The following physical and radio data are configured in the set.
Figure 5.3-5 Create a BTS Configuration Set
5.3.4 Physical Configuration

Create BTS ground resource management, as shown in Figure 5.3-6.
Figure 5.3-6 Create BTS Ground Resource
Under the ground management resources, create physical configuration, including basic rack (BBU), remote rack (RRU), antenna, BBU, and topology relation between the BBU and the RRU, as shown in Figure 5.37.
Figure 5.3-7 Create SDR Physical Configuration on the OMCB
5.3.5 Transmission Configuration

In E1/T1 transmission, seven items should be configured at least: E1/T1 Connection Configuration, High Level Data Link Control, Point-toPoint Protocol Configuration, IP Property Configuration, Coupling Configuration, and OMC-B Connection, as shown in Figure 5.3-8.
Figure 5.3-8 Transmission Configuration in E1 Transmission
In FE transmission, five items should be configured at least: Ethernet Configuration, Qos Bandwidth Configuration, Global Port Configuration, IP Property Configuration, Coupling Configuration, and OMC-B Connection, as shown in Figure 5.3-9.
Figure 5.3-9 Transmission Configuration in FE Transmission
If the planned SDR address and the virtual address of the IP Abis interface of the iBSC are not in the same segment, Static Route Configuration must be added to the IP and Route Management, as shown in Figure 5.3-10.
Figure 5.3 -10 Static Route Configuration
5.3.6 Clock Configuration

In the time source priority configuration, select the input clock and its priority for the SDR, as shown in Figure 5.3-11.
Figure 5.3 Clock Source Priority Configuration
5.3.7 Optional Configuration

If dry contacts and other similar are installed, they also must be configured at the foreground. See Figure 5.3-12.
Figure 5.3-12 Optional Configuration
5.3.8 Radio Configuration

Creat radio information including RF Central Frequency Point, GSM Sector Parameter, GSM RU parameter and GSM Carrier Wave Parameter.
Figure 5.3-13 Radio Configuration
5.4 LMT Installation and Data Configuration

5.4.1 SDR Logging in to the SDR with the Debugger
Connect the network port of the debugger with the ETH1 interface of the active CC board. Start the LMT, and log in to the SDR, as shown in the following figure.
Figure 5.4-20 LMT Login Interface
5.4.2 Configuring the SDR BTS Through the LMT

LMT configuration is basically consistent with the OMCB configuration. Except basic property configuration, it also falls into physical, transmission, and radio configurations.
5.4.3 Basic Property Configuration

Before this configuration, set some basic properties, including Set Basic Properties, Set Clock Reference Source, BTS Time Properties, as shown in Figure 5.4-2.
Figure 5.4-21 Set Basic Properties
5.4.4 Physical Configuration

Configure the basic rack 1, the remote rack (RRU), and the topology structure, as shown in Figure 5.4-3. Unlink in the OMCB, antennas are already configured in the RRU. Thus, no antennas are configured here.

Figure 5.4-22 Configure SDR Physical Data Using the LMT
5.4.5 Transmission Configuration

For E1 access, seven items should be configured: E1/T1 cable, HDLC parameters, PPP parameters, global port parameters, IP parameters, SCTP parameters, and OMCB parameters, as shown in Figure 5.4-4.
Figure 5.4-23 Configure SDR Transmission Resource Using the LMT (E1/T1)
For FE access, only five items should be configured: Ethernet parameters, global port parameters, IP parameters, SCTP parameters, and OMCB parameters, as shown in Figure 5.4-5.
Figure 5.4-24 Using the LMT to Configure the Transmission Resources of the SDR (FE)
If the planned SDR address and the virtual address of the IP Abis interface of the iBSC virtual address are not in the same network segment, Static Route Parameters also should be configured, as shown in Figure 5.4-6.
Figure 5.4-25 Configure Static Route When in Different Segments
5.4.6 Radio Configuration

Configure the RF unit center frequency, GSM sector, GSM RU, and GSM carrier, as shown in Figure 5.4-7.
Figure 5.4-26 LMT Configures the Radio Data of the SDR
5.5 Data Synchronization Between the Foreground and the Background

When above OMCR, OMCB, and LMT data are configured correctly, the versions run normally, and the network transmission are normal, you can establish a link between the SDR at the foreground and the OMCB at the background. When the link is establishment, you can synchronize the OMCB configuration data to the SDR at the foreground, or transconfigure the configuration data on the SDR at the foreground to the OMCB at the background. Synchronize the OMCB data to the SDR at the foreground, as show in Figure 5.5-1.
Figure 5.5-1 Synchronize Data from the OMCB to the Foreground
Transconfigure SDR data to the OMCB. In Figure 5.5-1, select BTS Data Configuration Wizard. The interface as show in Figure 5.5-2 is displayed.
Figure 5.5-2 Transconfigure Data from the SDR at the Foreground
Synchronize the OMCR radio data to the foreground, as shown in Figure 5.5-3.
Figure 5.5-3 Synchronize OMCR Data to the Foreground
Appendix
Abbreviations SDR Software Defined Radio
It indicates the radio in which some or all of the physical layer functions are software defined. HR Hardware Radio
It indicates the radio in which the main functions are achieved through the hardware. DDT Delay Diversity Transmission
It indicates that two transmitters in the double-diversity carrier module send same signals in short delays and form into one virtual transmitter to enhance the downlink signal. In this way, the coverage increases more than 20%. DPCT Dual Power Combining Transmission
It indicates that the two send units in the double-diversity of the BTS realizes coherent combining, that is, the two send unit in the module send same bursts in the same moments and form into a nominal carrier through the combiner, thus obtaining a unlink transmission gain greater than 2 dB and increasing the cell coverage. The four-antenna diversity function is used with DPCT simultaneously to implement the ultra-distance coverage of BTS. IRC Interference Rejection Combining
The IRC diversity of the uplink link can improve the uplink receiving sensitivity of the receiver and enlarge the uplink coverage of the BTS. Support intelligent power-up/power-down In same cases, the
board cannot be monitored or cannot be reset on the hardware, and the system must be in the power-down or power saving mode. In these cases, some boards (DTRU) can be powered down through the Confidential and Proprietary Information of ZTE CORPORATION.
Introduction to ZXSDR Products Internal Use Only board controlled by the system (CMB). For example, the system can power down partial carrier modules in normal power supply according to the decrease of the traffic. uTCA Micro Telecommunications Computing Architecture.
uTCA is the abbreviation of the Micro TCA that is the short form of the advanced Telecom computing architecture (ATCA). As a standard open architecture, the uTCA provides options for communication system design on various components of different handovers, ports, protocols, and functions, system architecture, redundancy and high availability. ATCA is oriented to the application environment with high capacity and high performance, while uTCA is oriented to the low-cost and volume-sensitive application environment with low capacity and performance requirements. uTCA inherits many specifications of ATCA, including basic interconnection topology and management structure.

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