What is ISO/IEC 15288 and Why Should I Care?

Garry Roedler
US Head of Delegation for JTC1/SC7/WG7, US TAG TG7 Lead, Principal Systems Engineer, Lockheed Martin Management and Data Systems 17 September 2002

Acknowledgements
The basis of this presentation was derived from a presentation
developed by delegates to ISO/IEC JTC 1/SC 7/WG 7 Life cycle management for the purposes of raising awareness about, and promoting the use of ISO/IEC 15288.
These charts are noted by a source statement and are used with the permission of the ISO/IEC JTC1/SC7/WG7

Additional charts were provided by the following individuals with

permission for use in this presentation.
Jerry Lake, Systems Management International Alain Faisandier, Map Systeme

23 September, 2002

Agenda
Background and History ISO/IEC 15288 overview Benefits Comparison of Key SE Standards Future Directions

23 September, 2002

Heritage of SE Standards & Models

"Life cycle" approach - Fixed phases / time - Document contents
1969

Mil-Std499
1974

1994

Process approach - Objectives /purpose - Outcomes - Activities - No document specified

1998

1995

ISO/IEC SW 12207 ISO/IEC 12207 AM Stds (Full Std)

(Full Std)

2002

EIA / IS 632
(Interim Standard) 1994

EIA 632
(Full Std) 1998

Mil-Std499A

2002

2002

Mil-Std499B
(Not Released)

ISO/IEC 15288
(Full Std)

ISO/IEC 19760
(PDTR)

1994

SE Standards SE Models
1994/96

IEEE 1220
(Trial Use)

IEEE 1220
(Full Std)

Harmonization Candidates
2002

Legend Legend
Obsolete Current, approved In development Supersedes Source for

INCOSE INCOSE SE CAM SE CAM

(Industry Model) 1994/95

1998

ISO/IEC ISO/IEC 15504 15504

(FDIS) 2002

2002

EIA/IS 731 EIA/IS 731 SE CM SE CM

(Interim Standard)

EIA 731 EIA 731 SE CM SE CM

(Planned)

EPIC EPIC SE-CMM SE-CMM

(Industry Model)
23 September, 2002

CMMIsm CMMIsm SE/SW/IPPD SE/SW/IPPD

(Version 1.1)

Current Standards & Models For Systems Engineering (Back-up)

STANDARDS EIA/ANSI 632 - 1998
Processes for Engineering systems

Capability Models EIA-IS 731 Interim Standard 1998

Systems Engineering Capability Model

IEEE 1220 - 1998

Standard for Application and Management of the Systems Engineering Process

ISO/IEC 15504 FDIS - 2002

Systems Engineering Process Assessment

ISO/IEC 15288 - 2002

Standard for Information Technology System Life Cycle Processes

CMMI SE/SW/IPPD V1.1 2002

Capability Maturity Model Integration SE/SW/IPPD

sm

ISO/IEC 19760 PDTR - 2002

Guide for ISO/IEC 15288 - System Life Cycle Processes

ECCS-E-10A - 1996
Space Engineering - Systems Engineering
23 September, 2002 5

Why and How ISO/IEC 15288 was developed

Initial planning started in 1994 Large international market for systems engineering (SE) services
and related products Need for a common process framework Need for a SE standard that addressed hardware and software in a concurrent and integrated fashion Establish common terminology Integrate all necessary disciplines and technical processes Integrate project management across full life cycle Interactions with the organization/enterprise Standard was approved for release in July 2002 Resulting standard achieved through participation of: 18+ countries Several liaison organizations (e.g., IEEE, INCOSE, and EIA) Over 40 technical experts
23 September, 2002 6

Background and History

Source: Adapted from ISO/IEC JTCI/SC7/WG7 presentation on ISO/IEC 15288.

ISO/IEC 15288 scope

Provides a common, comprehensive & integrated
framework for describing and managing the full life cycle of systems for: Small, medium and large organizations Internal self-imposed use, as well as providing a
basis for contractual arrangements (i.e., any agreement)

Defines a set of processes and associated

terminology

Applies to man-made systems configured with one

or more of the following:
Hardware, software, humans, or processes
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Can be applied at any level in the hierarchy of a systems development

Source: Adapted from ISO/IEC JTCI/SC7/WG7 presentation on ISO/IEC 15288.

Applicability of ISO/IEC 15288

Key business domains

Aerospace Telecommunications Transportation systems Military systems Ship building Finance and Administrative systems Information Technology systems

Applicable to most domains in industry today

Source: ISO/IEC JTCI/SC7/WG7 presentation on ISO/IEC 15288.
23 September, 2002 8

ISO/IEC TR 15504

ISO/IEC 12207 & ISO/IEC 15288 Life Cycle

ISO 9001 & ISO 9000-3 Quality

ISO/IEC 15288 is part of the SC 7 Integrated set of Standards

23 September, 2002 9

Source: Adapted from ISO/IEC JTCI/SC7/WG7 presentation on ISO/IEC 15288.

Capability

Integration Approach The Larger Picture

System life cycle processes

ISO/IEC 15288
Agreement processes Enterprise processes
Enterprise environment management Acquisition Investment management Supply System life cycle processes management Resource management Quality management Decisionmaking

Project processes

Project planning Risk management

Project assessment Configuration management Requirements analysis

Project control Information management Architectural design

Technical processes
Verification

Stakeholder requirements definition Transition Tailoring

Implementation Integration

Validation

Operation

Maintenance

Disposal

Special process

Source: ISO/IEC JTCI/SC7/WG7 presentation on ISO/IEC 15288.

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Development implemented by processes ISO/IEC 15288 structure

Processes Outcomes Activities
The purpose of the
Processes (25) (with stated Purposes) process is stated in a paragraph that describes at a high level the overall goal for performing the process

Outcomes (123)

An outcome is an

observable result of the successful achievement of the purpose of the process structural decomposition of a process
11

Activities (208)

The activities provide a

Source: Adapted from ISO/IEC JTCI/SC7/WG7 presentation on ISO/IEC 15288.

23 September, 2002

Example of ISO/IEC 15288 outcomes

Risk Management Process:
As a result of the successful implementation of the Risk Management Process: Risks are identified and categorized The probabilities and consequence of risks are
quantified

A strategy to treat each risk is specified Risk status is available and communicated Risks that have become unacceptable are acted
upon
Source: Adapted from ISO/IEC JTCI/SC7/WG7 presentation on ISO/IEC 15288.
23 September, 2002 12

Some Key Terms

System
a combination of interacting elements organized to achieve one or more stated purposes the system whose life cycle is under consideration in the context of this International Standard a member of a set of elements that constitutes a system NOTE: A system element is a discrete part of a system that can be implemented to fulfill specified requirements a system that complements a system-of-interest during its life cycle stages but does not necessarily contribute directly to its function during operation NOTE: For example, when a system-of-interest enters the production stage, an enabling production system is required.
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System-of-Interest System Element

Enabling System

Source: ISO/IEC 15288.

System

A system is completely composed of a set of interacting

System element

System element

System element

system elements

System-ofInterest Structure

Systemof-interest

System System element

System System element

System element

System System element

System element

System System element

System element

System element

System System element

System element

System System element

System element

System element

System System element

System element

System element

Source: ISO/IEC 15288.

System element

System element

System element

System element

System element

23 September, 2002

14

System-of-Interest, Operational Environment, and Enabling Systems

System B in Operational Environment System A in Operational Environment System C in Operational Environment

Interaction with systems comprising the operational environment

System of Interest

Enabling System A

Enabling System B

Interaction with enabling systems

Enabling System C

Source: ISO/IEC 15288.

23 September, 2002 15

System Life Cycle processes

Example stages
Stage Concept Development Production Utilization Support Retirement Description
Analyze needs, identify concepts and develop solutions Engineer a product that is a producible item Manufacture, inspect and test the item(s) Operate and use the item(s) Maintain and support the item(s) Retire, dispose and archive

Source: ISO/IEC JTCI/SC7/WG7 presentation on ISO/IEC 15288.

23 September, 2002 16

Relationship between ISO/IEC 15288 and ISO/IEC 12207

Project Planning Decision Making Stakeholder Requirements Definition Requirements Analysis Architectural Design Implementation Project Assessment Risk Management Project Control Configuration Management Validation Transition Maintenance Verification Integration Disposal Usability Information Management Operation

Enterprise Environment Management Hardware Implementation Software Implementation Refer to ISO/IEC 12207 Human Task Implementation Investment Management System Life Cycle Processes Management Resource Management Quality Management

Acquisition Supply

Source: ISO/IEC JTCI/SC7/WG7 presentation on ISO/IEC 15288.

23 September, 2002 17

Benefits of Using ISO/IEC 15288

Full life cycle approach to systems engineering
and systems management
Built on proven experience and lessons learned Life cycle modeling of systems Quality of the product Productivity Integration among all stakeholders Customer satisfaction

Provides the basis for improving:

Better foundation for growth and product

enhancements
Source: Adapted from ISO/IEC JTCI/SC7/WG7 presentation on ISO/IEC 15288.
23 September, 2002 18

Benefits of Using ISO/IEC 15288

Helps focus system management across

the life cycle by providing:
Insight into what should be assessed A holistic view of engineering the system (software, hardware, humans, and processes) A process framework that: Is easy to tailor to meet project/organization needs Reduces development risk A basis for: Stage-based life cycle models Communicating with all stakeholders Coordinating work Managing agreements
Source: Adapted from ISO/IEC JTCI/SC7/WG7 presentation on ISO/IEC 15288.
23 September, 2002 19

Obtaining the Benefits

The following are necessary to obtain the expected benefit
from this standard:
Correct implementation of the standard via organization/project processes Methods and tools consistent with the processes Personnel trained in processes, methods, and tools Project implementation that ensures compliance and integration Emphasis on correct system definition and application
(What has to be done Focus of Standards for Systems Engineering)

Processes and Concepts

Source: Adapted from chart by Jerry Lake, Systems Management International.

y lit bi pa a C

(Knowledge, Skill & Teamwork)

23 September, 2002 20

People

Methods & Tools

(Collaborative/Automated)

Breadth and Depth of Key SE Standards

System life Level of detail
Process description High level practices

ISO/IEC 15288 EIA/ANSI 632 IEEE 1220

Detailed practices

Conceptualize

Develop

Transition to Operation

Operate, Maintain, or Enhance

Replace or Dismantle

Purpose of the Standards:

ISO/IEC 15288 - Establish a common framework for describing the life cycle of systems EIA/ANSI 632 - Provide an integrated set of fundamental processes to aid a developer in the engineering or re-engineering of a system IEEE 1220 - Provide a standard for managing a system
Source : Draft Report ISO Study Group May 2, 2000 23 September, 2002 21

Generic Process Approach and Structure

External environment Enterprise Environment Program & project environment
Laws, standards, natural & deduced constraints ,technologies, competition Policies & procedures,standards et guides, resources, technologies, culture

plans, procedures, tools, reviews, measurement

Project Management Processes Project Management Processes

Entreprise Processes Enterprise strategy

Agreement Agreement Processes Processes

Technical Technical Processes Processes

Resources Management (humans, infrastructure, finance ) Quality Management Information Management Process Management Knowledge management

Support processes Support processes

(technical mgt of inputs & outputs) (technical mgt of inputs & outputs)

23 September, 2002

source : EIA 632 & MAP Systme

22

Generic Process Approach and Structure

External environment Entreprise Environment Program & project environment
plans, procedures, tools, reviews, metrics Laws, standards, natural & deduced constraints ,technologies, competition Policies & procedures,standards et guides, resources, technologies, culture

ISO 15288
Entreprise Processes Enterprise strategy

Project Management Processes Project Management Processes

Agreement Agreement Processes Processes

Technical Technical Processes Processes

Resources Management (humans, infrastructure, finance ) Quality Management Information Management Processes Management Knowledge management

EIA 632

IEEE 1220
Support processes Support processes
(technical mgt of inputs & outputs) (technical mgt of inputs & outputs)

23 September, 2002

source: EIA 632 & MAP Systme

23

The Future: 15288 & 12207 Harmonization Project

Current Situation
Many people don't see many differences between system and software development The level of detail in the two documents differs, which is an obstacle to their joint usage There are places where the two documents overlap and have incompatibilities

Harmonization will achieve consistency in :

Concepts Terminology - Readability - Level of detail Processes - Document structure Normative references Interfacing mechanism with ISO 9000 family of standards Conformance with requirements of ISO/IEC 15504 as applicable

Extend to include to other related ISO/SC7 documents

Source : Adapted from Draft Report ISO Study Group May 2, 2000 23 September, 2002 24

The Future: 15288 & 12207 Harmonization Project

Possible or expected structure
ISO/IEC 15288 & 12207 Life Cycle Processes standards family ISO/IEC15504 Process Assessment suite ISO 9000 family of standards Quality Management System Top level Life Cycle Processes standard(s)

Guide(s) for Life Cycle Processes standard(s)

Lower level Life Cycle Processes standard(s)

Related Related Processes Related Processes standards Related Processes standards (ISO/IEC15939, Processes standards (ISO/IEC15939, etc.) standards (ISO/IEC15939, etc.) (ISO/IEC15939, etc.) etc.)
Source : Draft Report ISO Study Group May 2, 2000 23 September, 2002

Influence on external standards (e.g., IEEE 1220 and EIA/ANSI 632)

25

Conclusion
ISO/IEC 15288 is a key reference for any
situation where systems are concerned Life cycle models are a key concept for successful systems

Source: ISO/IEC JTCI/SC7/WG7 presentation on ISO/IEC 15288.

23 September, 2002 26

Further reading
www.jtc1-sc7.org ISO/IEC 15288:2002 ISO/IEC 19760 Guide for ISO/IEC 15288
(to be published in 2003)

Source: ISO/IEC JTCI/SC7/WG7 presentation on ISO/IEC 15288.

23 September, 2002 27