ANSYS Commands Reference

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Chapter 1. About This Manual

Welcome to the ANSYS Commands Reference. This manual contains a complete dictionary of detailed ANSYS command descriptions, arranged in alphabetical order for ease of access. It is the definitive reference for correct command usage, providing comprehensive specifications for every argument of every ANSYS command.
1.1. Guide to the ANSYS Documentation

This manual is just one part of the ANSYS product documentation set, which includes the ANSYS Operations Guide, the ANSYS Modeling and Meshing Guide, the ANSYS Basic Analysis Guide, the ANSYS Advanced Analysis Techniques Guide, specific analysis guides, the ANSYS Commands Reference, the ANSYS Elements Reference, and the ANSYS, Inc. Theory Reference. Taken together, these manuals provide descriptions of the procedures, commands, elements, and theoretical details needed to use the ANSYS program. A brief description of the information found in each of the manuals follows: ANSYS Operations Guide: Describes basic ANSYS operations (starting, stopping,etc.) and use of the graphical user interface (GUI). ANSYS Modeling and Meshing Guide: Explains how to build a finite element model and mesh it. ANSYS Basic Analysis Guide: Describes tasks that apply to any type of analysis, including applying loads to a model, obtaining a solution, and using the ANSYS program's graphics capabilities to review results. ANSYS Advanced Analysis Techniques Guide: Discusses techniques commonly used for complex analyses or by experienced ANSYS users, including design optimization, submodeling, and substructuring. ANSYS Structural Analysis Guide: Describes how to perform structural analyses: static, modal, harmonic, transient, spectrum, buckling, nonlinear, contact, fracture, composite, fatigue, p-method, explicit dynamics, and beam. ANSYS Thermal Analysis Guide: Describes how to do steady-state or transient thermal analyses. ANSYS Electromagnetic Field Analysis Guide: Explains techniques for doing transient, static, or harmonic magnetic analyses; current conduction analysis; and electrostatic and circuit analysis. ANSYS CFD Flotran Analysis Guide: Describes how to perform laminar or turbulent, thermal or adiabatic and compressible or incompressible flow analysis and how to do multiple species transport and volume of fluid analyses. ANSYS Coupled-Field Analysis Guide: Explains how to do indirect and direct coupled-field analysis (an analysis that accounts for the interaction between two or more engineering disciplines). ANSYS Commands Reference: Describes the syntax of all ANSYS commands and is organized alphabetically.
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ANSYS Elements Reference: Describes the ANSYS element library: figures, input data, output data, and other details of all ANSYS elements. ANSYS, Inc. Theory Reference: Describes theory and ANSYS implementation of all ANSYS features: finite elements, solvers, postprocessors, elements, etc. This manual describes the relationship between input data and output results produced by the program and is essential for a thorough understanding of how the program functions. All of the above manuals except the ANSYS, Inc. Theory Reference are available online through the ANSYS Help System, which can be accessed either as a stand-alone system or from within the ANSYS program.
NOTICE
The following manuals provide the complete specification of the ANSYS program referenced in your license agreement:
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ANSYS Basic Analysis Guide ANSYS Advanced Analysis Techniques Guide ANSYS Operations Guide ANSYS Modeling and Meshing Guide ANSYS Structural Analysis Guide ANSYS Thermal Analysis Guide ANSYS Electromagnetic Field Analysis Guide ANSYS CFD Flotran Analysis Guide ANSYS Coupled-Field Analysis Guide ANSYS Elements Reference ANSYS Commands Reference ANSYS, Inc. Theory Reference
This specification describes how to use the program, input required for commands and elements, and how the input data relate to the output. Other documents (such as the ANSYS Tutorials and seminars, various Supplements, etc.) may be referenced by or listed in the ANSYS manuals listed above. However, these other documents are offered solely as aids, and do not undergo the same rigorous verification that the ANSYS manuals listed above do. No documents other than the manuals listed above are considered to be part of the formal program specification as stated in your license agreement.
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1.2. The ANSYS Commands Reference

The ANSYS Commands Reference is intended to give you information on individual ANSYS commands. Although this manual also contains lists of commands arranged by functional grouping (see Command Groupings), this manual is not intended to be your primary source of procedural information -- look in the appropriate analysis guides for introductory and procedural guidelines concerning when and where to use commands. Command references given in the various analysis guides refer to the command descriptions given in Command Dictionary of this manual. These descriptions are organized in dictionary form to allow you to look up the commands conveniently. The alphabetical ordering of commands that begin with a star (*) or a slash (/) ignores those symbols for ordering purposes. For example, /SHOW comes between SHELL and SHPP. Once you have reviewed a command in the ANSYS Commands Reference, you should also read the theoretical description of the command as given in the ANSYS, Inc. Theory Reference, if indicated.
1.2.1. Conventions Used in this Manual

ANSYS manuals use the following conventions to help you identify various types of information: Type style Indicates or text BOLD Uppercase, bold text indicates command names (such as K,DDELE) or elements (LINK1). Bold>Bold Bold text in mixed case indicates a GUI menu path, which is a series of menu picks used to access a command from the GUI. One or more angle brackets (>) separate menu items in a menu path. Frequently in text, an ANSYS command is followed by its GUI equivalent in parentheses: the *GET command (Utility Menu>Parameters>Get Scalar Data) ITALICS Uppercase italic letters indicate command arguments for numeric values (such as VALUE, INC, TIME). On some commands, non-numeric convenience labels (for example, ALL and P) can also be entered for these arguments. Italics Mixed case italic letters indicate command arguments for alphanumeric values (for example, Lab or Fname). The manual also uses italic text for emphasis.
TYPEWRITER
Note--
Typewriter font indicates command input listings and ANSYS output listings. This text introduces note paragraphs. A note contains information that supplements the main topic being discussed.
Note
Any mention of a command or element name in this volume implies a reference to the appropriate command or element description (in the ANSYS Commands Reference or ANSYS Elements Reference manuals, respectively) for more detailed information. Often it is necessary to refer to another command within a text description. Interpret the string
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[CMD] as "see the CMD command." For example, " ... the element coordinate system [ESYS] should be used to ...," means you can refer to the ESYS command for information related to the element coordinate system. Where several commands are referenced, the form [CMD1, CMD2, etc.] is used. In some cases only the primary command of a related group may be referenced. 1.2.1.1. Product Codes Below and to the right of the short description of each command, you will see a list of product codes. These codes represent the products in the ANSYS Family of Products. The command is valid only for those products whose symbols are listed. A command that is valid in the entire set of products would have the following list of products: MP ME ST DY PR EM FL PP ED The codes represent each of the products in the ANSYS suite of products: Code MP ME ST DY PR EM Product ANSYS/Multiphysics ANSYS/Mechanical ANSYS/Structural ANSYS/LS-DYNA ANSYS/Professional ANSYS/Emag - Low Frequency Code EH FL PP ED DP Product ANSYS/Emag - High Frequency ANSYS/FLOTRAN ANSYS/PrepPost ANSYS/ED ANSYS/LS-DYNA PrepPost
Note
While DP (ANSYS/LS-DYNA PrepPost) does not appear as a unique product code in the product listings for commands and elements, it does appear as a separate product in other places in the manuals. For a list of the features included in each product, see ANSYS Product Capabilities. If the symbol for a product does not appear, then that command is either not valid or not applicable in the corresponding product, and should not be issued when using that product. For example, if the PR and FL symbols are not listed, the pertinent command is not valid in the ANSYS/Professional or ANSYS/FLOTRAN products, but is valid in each of the remaining ANSYS products.
1.2.2. Applicable ANSYS Products

This manual applies to the following ANSYS products: ANSYS/Multiphysics (includes all structural, thermal, electromagnetics, and computational fluid dynamics (CFD) capabilities, excludes explicit dynamics) ANSYS/Mechanical (includes all structural and thermal capabilities; excludes electromagnetics, CFD, and explicit dynamics capabilities) ANSYS/Structural (includes all structural linear and nonlinear capabilities) ANSYS/Professional ANSYS/Emag (Low Frequency and High Frequency) ANSYS/FLOTRAN
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Some command arguments and element KEYOPT settings have defaults in the derived products that are different from those in ANSYS/Multiphysics. These cases are clearly documented under the "Product Restrictions" section of the affected commands and elements. If you plan to use your derived product input file in ANSYS/Multiphysics, you should explicitly input these settings in the derived product, rather than letting them default; otherwise, behavior in ANSYS/Multiphysics will be different.
Note
While ANSYS Connection, Parallel Performance for ANSYS, and ANSYS LSF/Batch are included as part of the ANSYS release distribution, they are separately-licensed products. Consult your ASD if you want to install and run any of the separately-licensed products at your site.
1.2.3. ANSYS Product Capabilities

Here is a complete list of engineering capabilities and the various ANSYS products in which these capabilities can be found. Capability Structural Analysis Linear Stress Substructuring Nonlinear Stress: Geometric Material Element Contact: Surface to Surface Node to Surface Node to Node Dynamic Analysis: Modal Spectrum Harmonic Random Vibration Structural Transient: Linear Nonlinear Buckling: MP ME ST PR FL EM PP ED DY DP Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y -
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About This Manual Linear Nonlinear Thermal Analysis Steady State Transient Conduction Convection Radiation Phase Change CFD Analysis Steady State Transient Incompressible Compressible Laminar Turbulent Natural Convection Forced Convection Conjugate Heat Transfer Newtonian Viscosity Model Non-Newtonian Viscosity Model Multiple Species 2-D Free Surface by VOF Method Electromagnetic Analysis Magnetostatics Low Frequency Transient Low Frequency AC Harmonic Electrostatics Current Conduction Circuit-Coupled Electromagnetics High Frequency Modal High Frequency AC Harmonic Field and Coupled-Field Analysis Acoustics Acoustics-Structural Electric-Magnetic Fluid-Structural Fluid-Thermal Magnetic-Fluid Magnetic-Structural Magnetic-Thermal Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y -
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About This Manual Piezoelectric Thermal-Electric Thermal-Structural Electric-Magnetic- Thermal-Structural Solvers Frontal Sparse Iterative Explicit Preprocessing IGES Geometry Transfer Solid Modeling Defeaturing Meshing Loads and Boundary Conditions Postprocessing Contour Displays Vector Displays Animation Results Listing Output (VRML, Postscript, TIFF) General Features Submodeling Optimization Probabilistic Design ANSYS Parametric Design Language (APDL) Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y
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Y Y Y Y Y Y Y - - Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y
1.2.4. Terminology
Various terms are used in the command descriptions throughout this manual. These terms are defined as follows: Analysis - The set of input lines relating to a single problem. An analysis basically consists of three phases: the Preprocessing Phase, the Solution Phase, and the Postprocessing Phase. Command - An instruction to supply data, or control, to the program. Commands usually begin with a prescribed name, followed by alphanumeric data. For example, the command ET, ITYPE, Ename, ... may be input as ET,1, BEAM3 stating that element type 1 is defined as the BEAM3 element. The uppercase argument name indicates that a numerical value is typically entered in that field, whereas an upper-lower case data label indicates that an alphanumeric value is typically entered in that field. Another command, for example, /PREP7, instructs the program to enter the PREP7 portion of the ANSYS program. All valid ANSYS commands are alphabetically listed in the Command Dictionary of this manual. A command not recognized by the ANSYS program is defined as an "unknown command." Unknown commands are further processed in a macro search [*USE] before being ignored. Commands may be indented on a line for clarity.
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Data - Data may be numeric (real or integer), alphabetic, or alphanumeric (containing letters and numbers). Non-numeric data should not contain special characters such as
! = @ | # \ { $ } % [ ^ ] & " * ' ( / ) < _ > ~ + `
Numeric data may be input in a variety of ways as described in Data Input. Some commands are switches of the form Commandname,Key where Key can be 0, NO or OFF to toggle the switch off; or 1, YES or ON to toggle the switch on. Degree of Freedom - The degrees of freedom are the primary nodal unknowns determined by the analysis. They may be displacements, rotations, temperatures, pressures, voltages, etc. A degree of freedom is defined by a node number and a label, for example, 1 UX, 87 ROTZ, 4 TEMP, etc. Derived results, such as stresses, heat flows, etc. are computed from the degree of freedom results and are considered secondary unknowns. Element types with unequal sets of degrees of freedom can be combined in a single structure. For example, a two-dimensional structure composed of 2-D solid elements (PLANE42) having two degrees of freedom (UX, UY) at each node and a two -dimensional beam element (BEAM3) having three degrees of freedom (UX, UY, ROTZ) at each node will have the latter three degrees of freedom at the common nodes. Nodes which do not have a beam element attached will have only two degrees of freedom with ROTZ eliminated from the solution printout. Field - The command name and data items entered on a command are separated into consecutive fields. A field is assumed to be as "wide" as the number of characters specified. A comma is used to end one field and begin the next. Line - A line of input is a physical record read by the computer. Input lines are limited to 130 characters (including preceding blanks, commas, and any special characters). For file input, a line is represented by one 130 column data record. For interactive input, a line is the string of characters (130 maximum) entered before the RETURN key is pressed. Several commands may be put on one line as described in Data Input. Blank lines are permitted for clarity. Command name - Only the first four characters of any alphabetic (or alphanumeric) command name are interpreted by the program (except as noted for certain commands, such as /POST N, /AUX N. *ENDDO, etc.). The remaining characters of the field are ignored. Names shown with fewer than four characters are assumed to have blanks up through the fourth character as part of the name. For example, this sample ET command may be input as ,ET1,42 or ET,1,42 or ET,1,42, but not as ETABCD,1,42. Names may not contain special characters (as described above in Data Input). If the command name is omitted, the name defaults to the name of the previous command, unless it was a slash (/) or star (*) command. Postprocessing Phase - The set of ANSYS commands causing further processing of the solution output. These commands consist of commands from the POST1 and POST26 processors. The postprocessing phase may consist of input for several postprocessing sessions (in series). Preprocessing Phase - The set of ANSYS commands related to defining the model. The preprocessing phase consists of input from the PREP7 processor. Program - The collection of all processors (preprocessing, postprocessing, auxiliary, etc.) is called the ANSYS program. Processor - A group of related functions, such as model definition (PREP7) or results examination
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Run - The collection of all ANSYS commands between the system level commands is called an ANSYS run (or session). A session may also consist of several analyses in series (separated by a /CLEAR command). Solution Phase - The set of ANSYS commands which apply boundary conditions to the model created in preprocessing, then performs a solution for that set of boundary conditions. The solution phase may consist of several solutions in series, such as a static solution, followed by a modal solution, etc.
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1.3. ANSYS Command Characteristics

1.3.1. Data Input
The data input for each command is described in this manual. Data should not be input in any undocumented field, nor should other than documented values be input in any field. Also, the data input described in this manual should not be used with any earlier version of the ANSYS program. Some features that allow easy input of data are free-format, nonrestrictive, and condensed input.
1.3.2. Free-Format Input

Free-format capability allows the user to input data in consecutive fields without having to space to each field. The comma (,) character effectively ends the field so that the next character will be input in the beginning of the next field. A blank field is skipped by having no data item between the commas. Fields are assumed to be as wide as the number of characters specified. Input is converted to formatted fields when coded files are written (of width large enough (16 characters maximum) to minimize loss of accuracy). Significant figures of output should not be expected to match that of input. Machine precision, rounding of numbers when writing internal scratch files, etc., tend to lower the precision during the analysis.
1.3.3. Nonrestrictive Data Input

Nonrestrictive data input allows the user to enter any form of data in a field and the ANSYS program will interpret it as required (integer, real, or alphabetic) or ignore it. Double precision is used throughout the program for all real numbers. Alphabetic data may be entered in upper or lower case. Lower case is internally converted to upper case within the program (except for case-sensitive applications, such as in comments, (text preceded by a !) titles, and file names.) The following features are available with the nonrestrictive data input.
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No distinction is necessary between real and integer data.
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Data may be placed anywhere within the field. Real data input without a decimal point has the decimal point assumed after the right-most digit. Real number values input to integer data fields will be rounded to the nearest integer. The absolute value of integer data must fall between zero and 99,999,999. Exponents may be input in the field after the number. The E (or D) character must be used (upper or lower case). The sign after the E character is assumed to be the the sign associated with the exponent (the absence of a sign is assumed to be +). The absolute value of real data must either be zero, or between 1.0E-32 and 1.0E+32. A non-numeric character in the numeric field (other than a valid convenience label, a parameter name, or an E or D exponent character) will be ignored and will cause the remainder of the field to be ignored. When the program can accept an alphanumeric label in a field, it will interpret any alphanumeric input that matches a valid label as the appropriate label. In other words, the program will not interpret a valid label as an identically named parameter. If you truly want to use a parameter in place of a valid label, you can use forced parametric substitution (using % signs). A non-alphanumeric character in a label field is taken as part of the label. Non-alphanumeric characters (such as CONTROL-characters, TAB-characters, and other terminal editing characters) should be avoided since they may be used directly instead of being interpreted by the terminal.
1.3.4. Condensed Data Input

An option for condensing the data input is available with the $ character. This character effectively ends a command and allows the next command to begin on the same line (at the next column). The line must not extend beyond 130 characters (including all commas and $ signs). If a command cannot be completed on the line, it should begin on the next line. Blank commands are ignored. The $ character should not be used following any command that causes a file switch to read additional commands (such as the /INPUT, *USE, OPEXE, CDREAD , etc. commands, any "unknown command" macro, or any do-loops or if-then-else constructs). The $ character should not be used between a command and its required following format line (such as *VREAD, *VWRITE, *MSG, etc.). The $ character should not be used after the ALLSEL command. Using the $ character in interactive mode may result in unexpected output behavior.
1.3.5. Units
The ANSYS program permits the use of any consistent set of units for length, force, time, temperature, etc. Care must be taken to ensure that all input data are in the same set of units. The /UNITS command may be used to note the system of units being used. Temperatures may be absolute or relative in most cases. For problems requiring absolute temperatures, such as those involving creep, swelling, or radiation, temperatures may be input as Centigrade or Fahrenheit, for convenience, with a zero temperature shift [TOFFST].
1.3.6. Defaults
ANSYS commands are of two types:
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specification commands action commands
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Specifications define how an action is to be performed. If a specification is not defined before the action, the default specification is used. If some specifications are changed after the action, these changed specifications (and the remaining previous specifications, if any) will be used for the next action. If the same specification is defined more than once before the action, the last specification is used. Note, since specification settings are easily forgotten, reset the specification to the desired value before the action command. To minimize the data input requirements, ANSYS commands operate on a "default" principle. That is, unless otherwise stated, default specifications are used whenever needed. Two types of default are used:
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the command default the argument default
The command default is defined as the action taken, or the argument values used, if the entire command is omitted. For action commands, the command default is "no action" unless otherwise stated. A description of the command default, when applicable, appears at the end of the Argument section of the command description.The argument default is the value the argument takes on if the command is included, but the argument on the command is left blank. The latter case is often used when only some arguments on a command are to be specified or to restore a default specification after it has been changed. The argument default is documented as part of each argument's description. A default specification is invoked whenever no value (or a blank field) is input for the argument. If the argument accepts a numeric value and no default is specified, a blank field defaults to a zero value. Where a default is specified, a blank or a zero value will produce the default value (unless otherwise specified). If a zero value is desired where a zero input produces a nonzero default, input a small number (such as 1E-10) instead of zero. Specifications are initialized to their default values. Defaults which are not obvious are described, for the most part, with each command. For cases where defaults are not obvious and are not described, enter the desired value. Such cases may occur where no default is favored or where a default is purposely not documented (so that it may change in the future).
1.3.7. File Names

Various files are used during an ANSYS session for reading, writing, and storing data. ANSYSgenerated files are identified by a name, a system-dependent separator, and an extension (as in the form fname.ext). The name is obtained from the Jobname (32 characters maximum) as defined with the ANSYS execution command. Unless otherwise specified (see the ANSYS Operations Guide), the Jobname defaults to a system dependent name (usually FILE). The extension is a 3 or 4-character identifier (see Files that ANSYS Writes in the ANSYS Basic Analysis Guide) of which the first three characters are unique (some systems allow only the first three characters of the identifier). For example, the ANSYS error message file (which has the identifier ERR) with a Jobname of FILE and separator (.) would be generated as FILE.ERR. If the Jobname is JOB1, the file would be named JOB1.ERR. ANSYS documentation generically refers to ANSYS files as Jobname.identifier, such as Jobname.ERR for the error message file. Note, the extension may be shown upper case in the documentation but may actually be lower case on some operating systems (such as UNIX). ANSYS files are written in the current working directory. Some commands (such as /INPUT and /OUTPUT ) allow you to specify a file name other than Jobname, an extension other than the default extension, and a directory other than the current file://D:\Documents%20and%20Settings\Administrator\Local%20Settings\Temp\~hh... 20.05.2004
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directory. Such user-written files use a naming convention similar to the ANSYS-generated files except that the name (32 characters maximum) is user defined, the extension (8 characters maximum) is optional, and an optional directory (64 characters maximum) may be defined. Directory names must reference existing directories--the program cannot create a directory. File and directory names may contain a blank space, but, when entering an object name that contains a blank, the entire string must be enclosed within a pair of single quotes. A system dependent separator is automatically written between file name and extension (if the extension exists) input on commands. However, no pathname separator is automatically written between the directory name and the file name--the program simply concatenates the two fields. The separator must therefore be supplied as part of the directory name (see the ANSYS Operations Guide). File name fields are usually restricted to 32 characters on ANSYS commands. In combination with the directory field, however, the limit becomes 96 characters. Simply specify the "excess" portion of the filename in the directory field, along with any directory name. This is possible because of the concatenation operation, and is system dependent. If the full pathname is entered in the filename field, the extension and directory fields can be left blank. To help ensure portability of input files across systems, the ANSYS program has certain requirements for file names. File names specified by the user should be both valid per ANSYS criteria, and valid per the operating system. Avoid using special characters (+,-,*,/,$,!, etc.) in file names unless meaningful, and begin file names with a letter. Some system-dependent special characters (such as ~) are not interpreted the same as they are at the operating system level when used in pathnames. Parameter substitution may be forced within the name, extension, or directory fields by enclosing the parameter within percent (%) signs. For example, if I=5, the name TEST%I% becomes TEST5. Only one forced substitution may be made per field.
1.3.8. Star and Slash Commands

The slash (/) and star ( *) commands are usually used for supplying general control instructions to the ANSYS program. The slash commands are used, for example, for entering a processor (/PREP7, /POST1, etc.). Printout controls, display controls, and file controls are available within the slash command set. Repeat, looping and macro controls are available within the star command set. Many star and slash commands are global and apply to all processors. For example, the /TITLE command may be used to change the title in any processor (PREP7, POST1, etc.). The star commands can be input anywhere. Most slash commands can be input anywhere, however, some can only be input at a Begin level. The latter commands are specifically noted in the command explanation section. Graphics displays are controlled with the graphics display slash commands. The graphics display slash commands can be input anywhere.
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Chapter 2. Command Groupings

This chapter contains tables of related commands. Each command in Command Dictionary references one or more of these tables, which can then be consulted to see what other related commands are available. A brief description of each command is given. The tables in this chapter provide helpful groupings of related commands. For example, if you want to define material types in the PREP7 general preprocessor, you can turn to PREP7 Commands and see what commands are available under the heading "Materials." If you are viewing this manual in the ANSYS Help System, you can just click on the command name to display its description in Command Dictionary. You should not rely on this chapter as a source of procedural information but first look to the appropriate analysis guide to learn which commands are available for a particular type of analysis or operation. These guides contain guidelines on which commands to use for each step of the analysis. The command summary tables are as follows: Command Grouping Table Title SESSION Commands DATABASE Commands GRAPHICS Commands APDL Commands PREP7 Commands SOLUTION Commands POST1 Commands POST26 Commands AUX2 Commands AUX3 Commands AUX12 Commands AUX15 Commands RUNSTATS Commands OPTIMIZATION Commands PROBABILISTIC Design Commands DISPLAY Program Commands
2.1. SESSION Commands

The commands in this table provide general control to the ANSYS session. A brief description of each command is given, along with the page number where the complete command definition can be found. The commands are grouped by functionality.
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These SESSION commands control the overall characteristics of the ANSYS session, including the jobname, Graphical User Interface behavior, and file switching. /BATCH Sets the program mode to "batch." /CONFIG Assigns values to ANSYS configuration parameters. /CWD Changes the current working directory. /EOF Exits the file being read. /EXIT Stops the run and returns control to the system. /FILNAME Changes the jobname for the analysis. HELP Displays help information on ANSYS commands and element types. /INPUT Switches the input file for the commands that follow. KEYW Sets a keyword used by the GUI for context filtering (GUI). MEMM Allows the current session to keep allocated memory /MENU Activates the Graphical User Interface (GUI). /MSTART Controls the initial GUI components. /NERR Limits the number of warning and error messages displayed. /OUTPUT Redirects text output to a file or to the screen. /STATUS Lists the status of items for the run. /SYP Passes a command string and arguments to the operating system. /SYS Passes a command string to the operating system. /UI Activates specified GUI dialog boxes. /UIS Controls the GUI behavior. Processor Entry These SESSION commands are used to enter and exit the various processors in the program. /AUX2 Enters the binary file dumping processor. /AUX3 Enters the results file editing processor. /AUX12 Enters the radiation matrix generation processor. /AUX15 Enters the IGES file transfer processor. FINISH Exits normally from a processor. /OPT Enters the design optimizer. /POST1 Enters the database results postprocessor. /POST26 Enters the time-history results postprocessor. /PREP7 Enters the model creation preprocessor. /QUIT Exits a processor. /RUNST Enters the run statistics processor. /SOLU Enters the solution processor. Files These SESSION commands are for file operations, such as deleting, copying, and listing. /ASSIGN Reassigns a file name to an ANSYS file identifier. /CLOG Copies the session log file to a named file. /COPY Copies a file. file://D:\Documents%20and%20Settings\Administrator\Local%20Settings\Temp\~hh... 20.05.2004
Command Groupings /DELETE /FDELE /FTYPE LGWRITE *LIST /RENAME List Controls These SESSION commands are used to control listings and printed program output. C*** Places a comment in the output. /COM Places a comment in the output. /GO Reactivates suppressed printout. /GOLIST Reactivates the suppressed data input listing. /GOPR Reactivates suppressed printout. /NOLIST Suppresses the data input listing. /NOPR Suppresses the expanded interpreted input data listing. Prev ANSYS Command Characteristics Prev DATABASE Commands Command Groupings Deletes a file. Deletes a binary file after it is used. Assigns an external or internal type to a binary file. Writes the database command log to a file. Displays the contents of an external, coded file. Renames a file.
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2.2. DATABASE Commands

The commands in this table are used to operate on the database in a global sense. A brief description of each command is given, along with the page number where the complete command definition can be found. The commands are grouped by functionality. Set Up These DATABASE commands can be used to initialize the database, save it to a file, or annotate it with titles and systems of units. /CLEAR Clears the database. RESUME Resumes the database from the database file. SAVE Saves all current database information. /SMBC Controls the display of solid model boundary condition symbols and labels. STAT Displays the status of database settings. /STITLE Defines subtitles. /TITLE Defines a main title. UNDO Allows the user to modify or save commands issued since the last RESUME or SAVE command. /UNITS Annotates the database with the system of units used. Selecting
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These DATABASE commands are used to select subsets of database entities for further operations. ALLSEL Selects all entities with a single command. ASLL Selects those areas containing the selected lines. ASEL Selects a subset of areas. ASLV Selects those areas contained in the selected volumes. DOFSEL Selects a DOF label set for reference by other commands. ESEL Selects a subset of elements. ESLA Selects those elements associated with the selected areas. ESLL Selects those elements associated with the selected lines. ESLN Selects those elements attached to the selected nodes. ESLV Selects elements associated with the selected volumes. KSEL Selects a subset of keypoints or hard points. KSLL Selects those keypoints contained in the selected lines. KSLN Selects those keypoints associated with the selected nodes. LSEL Selects a subset of lines. LSLA Selects those lines contained in the selected areas. LSLK Selects those lines containing the selected keypoints. NSEL Selects a subset of nodes. NSLA Selects those nodes associated with the selected areas. NSLE Selects those nodes attached to the selected elements. NSLK Selects those nodes associated with the selected keypoints. NSLL Selects those nodes associated with the selected lines. NSLV Selects those nodes associated with the selected volumes. PARTSEL Selects a subset of parts in an explicit dynamic analysis. VSEL Selects a subset of volumes. VSLA Selects those volumes containing the selected areas. Components These DATABASE commands allow selected subsets of entities to be named as components for easy selection later on. CM Groups geometry items into a component. CMDELE Deletes a component or assembly definition. CMEDIT Edits an existing component or assembly. CMGRP Groups components and assemblies into an assembly. CMLIST Lists the entities contained in a component or assembly. CMPLOT Plots the entities contained in a component or assembly. CMSEL Selects a subset of components and assemblies. Working Plane These DATABASE commands turn on, move, rotate, and modify the working plane, which is used for picking operations. KWPAVE Moves the working plane origin to the average location of keypoints. KWPLAN Defines the working plane using three keypoints.
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Command Groupings LWPLAN NWPAVE NWPLAN WPAVE WPCSYS WPLANE WPOFFS WPROTA WPSTYL Defines the working plane normal to a location on a line. Moves the working plane origin to the average location of nodes. Defines the working plane using three nodes. Moves the working plane origin to the average of specified points. Defines the working plane location based on a coordinate system. Defines a working plane to assist in picking operations. Offsets the working plane. Rotates the working plane. Controls the display and style of the working plane.
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Coordinate System These DATABASE commands define and manipulate coordinate systems. CLOCAL Defines a local coordinate system relative to the active coordinate system. CS Defines a local coordinate system by three node locations. CSCIR Locates the singularity for non-Cartesian local coordinate systems. CSDELE Deletes local coordinate systems. CSKP Defines a local coordinate system by three keypoint locations. CSLIST Lists coordinate systems. CSWPLA Defines a local coordinate system at the origin of the working plane. CSYS Activates a previously defined coordinate system. LOCAL Defines a local coordinate system by a location and orientation. Picking These DATABASE commands are generated by the GUI when picking operations are performed. FITEM Identifies items chosen by a picking operation (GUI). FLST Specifies data required for a picking operation (GUI). Prev Command Groupings Prev GRAPHICS Commands Command Groupings Next GRAPHICS Commands Next
2.3. GRAPHICS Commands

The commands in this table are used to control the graphics of the ANSYS program. A brief description of each command is given, along with the page number where the complete command definition can be found. The commands are grouped by functionality. Set Up These GRAPHICS commands are used for general graphics control, such as window set up, color settings, specifications saving, etc. /CMAP Changes an existing or creates a new color mapping table. /COLOR Specifies the color mapping for various items. file://D:\Documents%20and%20Settings\Administrator\Local%20Settings\Temp\~hh... 20.05.2004
Command Groupings /DEVICE DSYS /DV3D /ERASE ERASE /GCMD /GCOLUMN /GFILE GPLOT /GRAPHICS /GRESUME /GSAVE /GTYPE HPGL /IMAGE IMMED JPEG /MREP /NOERASE /PCOPY PNGR PSCR /PSTATUS /REPLOT /RESET /SEG /SHOW TIFF /WINDOW Views These GRAPHICS commands are used to control the view of the model. /ANGLE Rotates the display about an axis. /AUTO Resets the focus and distance specifications to "automatically calculated." /DIST Specifies the viewing distance for magnifications and perspective. /FOCUS Specifies the focus point (center of the window). /USER Conveniently resets /FOCUS and /DIST to USER. /VCONE Defines the view cone angle for perspective displays. /VIEW Defines the viewing direction for the display. /VUP Specifies the global Cartesian coordinate system reference orientation. /XFRM Controls the centroid or the axis of dynamic rotation. /ZOOM Zooms a region of a display window.
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Controls graphics device options. Activates a display coordinate system for geometry listings and plots. Sets 3-D device option modes. Specifies that the screen is to be erased before each display. Explicitly erases the current display. Controls the type of element or graph display used for the GPLOT command. Allows the user to apply a label to a specified curve. Specifies the pixel resolution on Z-buffered graphics files. Controls general plotting. Defines type of graphics display to be used for element plots. Sets graphics settings to the settings on a file. Saves graphics settings to a file for later use. Controls the entities that the GPLOT command displays. Specifies various HP options. Allows graphics data to be captured and saved. Allows immediate display of a model as it is generated. Provides JPEG File Export for ANSYS Displays. Enables you to reissue the graphics command macro "name" during a replot or zoom operation. Prevents the screen erase between displays. Generates hard copies automatically (device dependent). Sets file options for PNGR graphics export for ANSYS displays. Specifies various PostScript options. Displays the global or window display specifications. Automatically reissues the last display command for convenience. Resets display specifications to their initial defaults. Allows graphics data to be stored in the local terminal memory. Specifies the device and other parameters for graphics displays. Provides TIFF file Export for ANSYS Displays. Defines the window size on the screen.
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Command Groupings Scaling These GRAPHICS commands are used to scale various parts of the display. /DSCALE Sets the displacement multiplier for displacement displays. /ICLWID Scales the line width of circuit builder icons. /ICSCALE Scales the icon size for elements supported in the circuit builder. /RATIO Distorts the object geometry. /SHRINK Shrinks elements, lines, areas, and volumes for display clarity. /SSCALE Sets the contour multiplier for topographic displays. /TXTRE Applies textured appearance to selected items. /VSCALE Scales the length of displayed vectors. Style These GRAPHICS commands are used to change the way a model is displayed. /CPLANE Specifies the cutting plane for section and capped displays. /CTYPE Specifies the type of contour display. /EDGE Displays only the "edges" of an object. /ESHAPE Displays elements with shapes determined from the real constants. /FACET Specifies the facet representation used to form solid model displays. /GLINE Specifies the element outline style. /GMARKER Specifies the curve marking style. GMFACE Specifies the facet representation used to form solid models. /LIGHT Specifies the light direction for the display window. /NORMAL Allows displaying area elements by top or bottom faces. /SHADE Defines the type of surface shading used with Z-buffering. /TRLCY Specifies the level of translucency. /TYPE Defines the type of display. Labeling
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These GRAPHICS commands are used to add helpful labels and symbols to displays. /CFORMAT Controls the graphical display of alpha character strings for parameters, components, assemblies, and tables. /CLABEL Specifies contour labeling. /CONTOUR Specifies the uniform contour values on stress displays. /CVAL Specifies non-uniform contour values on stress displays. /GFORMAT Specifies the format for the graphical display of numbers. /NUMBER Specifies whether numbers, colors, or both are used for displays. /PBC Shows boundary condition symbols and values on displays. /PBF Shows body force loads as contours on displays. /PICE Shows initial conditions on elements as contours on displays. /PLOPTS Controls graphics options on subsequent displays. /PNUM Controls entity numbering/coloring on plots. /PSF Shows surface load symbols on model displays. /PSYMB Shows various symbols on displays. file://D:\Documents%20and%20Settings\Administrator\Local%20Settings\Temp\~hh... 20.05.2004
Command Groupings /TRIAD Graphs These GRAPHICS commands are used to control the way line graphs are displayed. /AXLAB Labels the X and Y axes on graph displays. /GRID Selects the type of grid on graph displays. /GROPT Sets various line graph display options. /GRTYP Selects single or multiple Y-axes graph displays. /GTHK Sets line thicknesses for graph lines. /XRANGE Specifies a linear abscissa (X) scale range. /YRANGE Specifies a linear ordinate (Y) scale range. Annotation These GRAPHICS commands are used to annotate a display with notes and symbols. /AN3D Specifies 3D annotation functions /ANNOT Activates graphics for annotating displays (GUI). /ANUM Specifies the annotation number, type, and hot spot (GUI). /LARC Creates annotation arcs (GUI). /LINE Creates annotation lines (GUI). /LSPEC Specifies annotation line attributes (GUI). /LSYMBOL Creates annotation symbols (GUI). /PCIRCLE Creates an annotation circle (GUI). /PMORE Creates an annotation polygon (GUI). /POLYGON Creates annotation polygons (GUI). /PSPEC Creates annotation polygon attributes (GUI). /PWEDGE Creates an annotation wedge (GUI). /TLABEL Creates annotation text (GUI). /TSPEC Creates annotation text attributes (GUI). Prev DATABASE Commands Prev APDL Commands Command Groupings Shows the global XYZ coordinate triad on displays.
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Next APDL Commands Next
2.4. APDL Commands

The commands in this table make up the ANSYS Parametric Design Language (APDL). A brief description of each command is given, along with the page number where the complete command definition can be found. The commands are grouped by functionality. Parameter Definition These APDL commands are used to define parameters and their values.
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Command Groupings *AFUN Specifies units for angular functions in parameter expressions. *ASK Prompts the user to input a parameter value. *DEL Deletes a parameter (GUI). *DIM Defines an array parameter and its dimensions. *GET Retrieves a value and stores it as a user-named parameter. /INQUIRE Returns system information to a parameter. PARRES Reads parameters from a file. PARSAV Writes parameters to a file. *SET Assigns values to user-named parameters. *STATUS Lists the current parameters and abbreviations. *TREAD Reads data from an external file into a table array parameter. *VFILL Fills an array parameter. *VGET Retrieves values into an array parameter. *VREAD Reads data and produces an array parameter vector or matrix. Macro Files
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These APDL commands are used to build and execute command macros. *CFCLOS Closes the "command" file. *CFOPEN Opens a "command" file. *CFWRITE Writes an ANSYS command (or similar string) to a "command" file. *CREATE Opens (creates) a macro file. *END Closes a macro file. *MSG Writes an output message via the ANSYS message subroutine. /PMACRO Specifies that macro contents be written to the session log file. /PSEARCH Specifies a directory to be searched for "unknown command" macro files. /TEE Writes a list of commands to a specified file at the same time that the commands are being executed. *ULIB Identifies a macro library file. *USE Executes a macro file. Abbreviations These APDL commands can be used to define abbreviations for longer commands, and to create user-defined commands. *ABBR Defines an abbreviation. ABBRES Reads abbreviations from a coded file. ABBSAV Writes the current abbreviation set to a coded file. /UCMD Assigns a user-defined command name. Array Parameters These APDL commands are used to operate on parameter arrays (i.e., vectors and matrices). *MFOURI Calculates the coefficients for, or evaluates, a Fourier series. *MFUN Copies or transposes an array parameter matrix. *MOPER Performs matrix operations on array parameter matrices.
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Command Groupings *MWRITE *TOPER *VABS *VCOL *VCUM *VEDIT *VFACT *VFUN *VITRP *VLEN *VMASK *VOPER *VPLOT *VPUT *VSCFUN *VSTAT *VWRITE Writes a matrix to a file in a formatted sequence. Operates on table parameters. Applies the absolute value function to array parameters. Specifies the number of columns in matrix operations. Allows array parameter results to add to existing results. Allows numerical array parameters to be graphically edited. Applies a scale factor to array parameters. Performs a function on a single array parameter. Forms an array parameter by interpolation of a table. Specifies the number of rows to be used in array parameter operations. Specifies an array parameter as a masking vector. Operates on two array parameters. Graphs columns (vectors) of array parameters. Restores array parameter values into the ANSYS database. Determines properties of an array parameter. Lists the current specifications for the array parameters. Writes data to a file in a formatted sequence.
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Process Controls These APDL commands can be used to control the order in which other commands are processed. *CYCLE By-passes commands within a do-loop. *DO Defines the beginning of a do-loop. *ELSE Separates the final if-then-else block. *ELSEIF Separates an intermediate if-then-else block. *ENDDO Ends a do-loop and starts the looping action. *ENDIF Ends an if-then-else. *EXIT Exits a do-loop. *GO Causes a specified line on the input file to be read next. *IF Conditionally causes commands to be read. *REPEAT Repeats the previous command. /WAIT Causes a delay before the reading of the next command. Prev GRAPHICS Commands Prev PREP7 Commands Command Groupings Next PREP7 Commands Next
2.5. PREP7 Commands

The commands in this table are used to create and set up the model. A brief description of each command is given, along with the page number where the complete command definition can be found. The commands are grouped by functionality. Database
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Command Groupings
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These PREP7 commands are used to read model data into the database, list out the database, and control the numbering of entities in the database. AFLIST Lists the current data in the database. CDREAD Reads a file of solid model and database information into the database. CDWRITE Writes geometry and load database items to a file. CHECK Checks current database items for completeness. IGESOUT Writes solid model data to a file in IGES Version 5.1 format. NOOFFSET Prevents the CDREAD command from offsetting specified data items. NUMCMP Compresses the numbering of defined items. NUMMRG Merges coincident or equivalently defined items. NUMOFF Adds a number offset to defined items. NUMSTR Establishes starting numbers for automatically numbered items. /PREP7 Enters the model creation preprocessor. Element Type These PREP7 commands define the type of elements to be used in the model. DOF Adds degrees of freedom to the current DOF set. ET Defines a local element type from the element library. ETCHG Changes element types to their corresponding types. ETDELE Deletes element types. ETLIST Lists currently defined element types. KEYOPT Sets element key options. NSVR Defines the number of variables for user-programmable element options. Real Constants These PREP7 commands define the model real constants. R Defines the element real constants. RDELE Deletes real constant sets. RLIST Lists the real constant sets. RMODIF Modifies real constant sets. RMORE Adds real constants to a set. Materials These PREP7 commands are used to define the linear material properties. EMUNIT Specifies the system of units for magnetic field problems. *EVAL Evaluates hyperelastic constants. *MOONEY Calculates Mooney-Rivlin hyperelastic constants from test data. MP Defines a linear material property. MPAMOD Modifies temperature-dependent coefficients of thermal expansion. MPCHG Changes the material number attribute of an element. MPCOPY Copies material model data from one material reference number to another. MPDATA Defines property data to be associated with the temperature table. MPDELE Deletes linear material properties. file://D:\Documents%20and%20Settings\Administrator\Local%20Settings\Temp\~hh... 20.05.2004
Command Groupings MPDRES /MPLIB MPLIST MPPLOT MPREAD MPTEMP MPTGEN MPTRES MPWRITE
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UIMP Data Tables
Reassembles existing material data with the temperature table. Sets the default material library read and write paths. Lists linear material properties. Plots linear material properties as a function of temperature. Reads a file containing material properties. Defines a temperature table for material properties.> Adds temperatures to the temperature table by generation. Restores a temperature table previously defined. Writes linear material properties in the database to a file (if the Lib option is not specified) or writes both linear and nonlinear material properties (if Lib is specified) from the database to a file. Defines constant material properties (GUI).
These PREP7 commands create and modify the data tables, used to define nonlinear materials, for example. TB Activates a data table. TBCOPY Copies a data table from one material to another. TBDATA Defines data for the data table. TBDELE Deletes previously defined data tables. TBLIST Lists the data tables. TBMODIF Modifies data for the data table (GUI). TBPLOT Displays the data table. TBPT Defines a point on a stress-strain or B-H curve. TBTEMP Defines a temperature for the data table. Primitives These PREP7 commands are used to create primitive shapes for modeling. BLC4 Creates a rectangular area or block volume by corner points. BLC5 Creates a rectangular area or block volume by center and corner points. BLOCK Creates a block volume based on working plane coordinates. CON4 Creates a conical volume anywhere on the working plane. CONE Creates a conical volume centered about the working plane origin. CYL4 Creates a circular area or cylindrical volume anywhere on the working plane. CYL5 Creates a circular area or cylindrical volume by end points. CYLIND Creates a cylindrical volume centered about the working plane origin. PCIRC Creates a circular area centered about the working plane origin. POLY Creates a polygonal area based on working plane coordinate pairs. PRI2 Creates a polygonal area or a prism volume by vertices (GUI). PRISM Creates a prism volume based on working plane coordinate pairs. PTXY Defines coordinate pairs for use in polygons and prisms. RECTNG Creates a rectangular area anywhere on the working plane. RPOLY Creates a regular polygonal area centered about the working plane origin. RPR4 Creates a regular polygonal area or prism volume anywhere on the working plane. file://D:\Documents%20and%20Settings\Administrator\Local%20Settings\Temp\~hh... 20.05.2004
Command Groupings RPRISM SPH4 SPH5 SPHERE TORUS Keypoints Creates a regular prism volume centered about the working plane origin. Creates a spherical volume anywhere on the working plane. Creates a spherical volume by diameter end points. Creates a spherical volume centered about the working plane origin. Creates a toroidal volume.
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These PREP7 commands are used to create, modify, list, etc., keypoints. GSUM Calculates and prints geometry items. K Defines a keypoint. KBETW Creates a keypoint between two existing keypoints. KCENTER Creates a keypoint at the center of a circular arc defined by three locations. KDELE Deletes unmeshed keypoints. KDIST Calculates and lists the distance between two keypoints. KFILL Generates keypoints between two keypoints. KGEN Generates additional keypoints from a pattern of keypoints. KL Generates a keypoint at a specified location on an existing line. KLIST Lists the defined keypoints or hard points. KMODIF Modifies an existing keypoint. KMOVE Calculates and moves a keypoint to an intersection. KNODE Defines a keypoint at an existing node location. KPLOT Displays the selected keypoints. KPSCALE Generates a scaled set of (meshed) keypoints from a pattern of keypoints. KSCALE Generates a scaled pattern of keypoints from a given keypoint pattern. KSUM Calculates and prints geometry statistics of the selected keypoints. KSYMM Generates a reflected set of keypoints. KTRAN Transfers a pattern of keypoints to another coordinate system. SOURCE Defines a default location for undefined nodes or keypoints. Hard Points These PREP7 commands are used to create, modify, list, etc., hard points. HPTCREATE Defines a hard point. HPTDELETE Deletes selected hardpoints. Lines These PREP7 commands are used to create, modify, list, etc., lines. BSPLIN Generates a single line from a spline fit to a series of keypoints. CIRCLE Generates circular arc lines. GSUM Calculates and prints geometry items. L Defines a line between two keypoints. L2ANG Generates a line at an angle with two existing lines. L2TAN Generates a line tangent to two lines.
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Command Groupings
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LANG Generates a straight line at an angle with a line. LARC Defines a circular arc. LAREA Generates the shortest line between two keypoints on an area. LCOMB Combines adjacent lines into one line. LDELE Deletes unmeshed lines. LDIV Divides a single line into two or more lines. LDRAG Generates lines by sweeping a keypoint pattern along path. LEXTND Extends a line at one end by using its slope. LFILLT Generates a fillet line between two intersecting lines. LGEN Generates additional lines from a pattern of lines. LLIST Lists the defined lines. LPLOT Displays the selected lines. LREVERSE Reverses the normal of a line, regardless of its connectivity or mesh status. LROTAT Generates circular lines by rotating a keypoint pattern about an axis. LSSCALE Generates a scaled set of lines from a pattern of lines. LSTR Defines a straight line irrespective of the active coordinate system. LSUM Calculates and prints geometry statistics of the selected lines. LSYMM Generates lines from a line pattern by symmetry reflection. LTAN Generates a line at the end of, and tangent to, an existing line. LTRAN Transfers a pattern of lines to another coordinate system. SPLINE Generates a segmented spline through a series of keypoints. SSLN Selects and displays small lines in the model. Areas These PREP7 commands are used to create, modify, list, etc., areas. A Defines an area by connecting keypoints. AATT Associates element attributes with the selected, unmeshed areas. ADELE Deletes unmeshed areas. ADGL Lists keypoints of an area that lie on a parametric degeneracy. ADRAG Generates areas by dragging a line pattern along a path. AFILLT Generates a fillet at the intersection of two areas. AGEN Generates additional areas from a pattern of areas. AL Generates an area bounded by previously defined lines. ALIST Lists the defined areas. ANORM Reorients area normals. AOFFST Generates an area, offset from a given area. APLOT Displays the selected areas. AREVERSE Reverses the normal of an area, regardless of its connectivity or mesh status. AROTAT Generates cylindrical areas by rotating a line pattern about an axis. ARSCALE Generates a scaled set of areas from a pattern of areas. ARSYM Generates areas from an area pattern by symmetry reflection. ASKIN Generates an area by "skinning" a surface through guiding lines. ASUB Generates an area using the shape of an existing area. ASUM Calculates and prints geometry statistics of the selected areas.
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Command Groupings ATRAN GSUM Volumes Transfers a pattern of areas to another coordinate system. Calculates and prints geometry items.
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These PREP7 commands are used to create, modify, list, etc., volumes. EXTOPT Controls options relating to the generation of volume elements from area elements. GSUM Calculates and prints geometry items. V Defines a volume through keypoints. VA Generates a volume bounded by existing areas. VDELE Deletes unmeshed volumes. VDGL Lists keypoints of a volume that lie on a parametric degeneracy. VDRAG Generates volumes by dragging an area pattern along a path. VEXT Generates additional volumes by extruding areas. VGEN Generates additional volumes from a pattern of volumes. VLIST Lists the defined volumes. VLSCALE Generates a scaled set of volumes from a pattern of volumes. VOFFST Generates a volume, offset from a given area. VPLOT Displays the selected volumes. VROTAT Generates cylindrical volumes by rotating an area pattern about an axis. VSUM Calculates and prints geometry statistics of the selected volumes. VSYMM Generates volumes from a volume pattern by symmetry reflection. VTRAN Transfers a pattern of volumes to another coordinate system. Booleans These PREP7 commands are used to perform Boolean operations on solid model entities. AADD Adds separate areas to create a single area. AGLUE Generates new areas by "gluing" areas. AINA Finds the intersection of areas. AINP Finds the pairwise intersection of areas. AINV Finds the intersection of an area with a volume. AOVLAP Overlaps areas. APTN Partitions areas. ASBA Subtracts areas from areas. ASBL Subtracts lines from areas. ASBV Subtracts volumes from areas. ASBW Subtracts the intersection of the working plane from areas(divides areas). BOPTN Specifies Boolean operation options. BTOL Specifies the Boolean operation tolerances. LCSL Divides intersecting lines at their point(s) of intersection. LGLUE Generates new lines by "gluing" lines. LINA Finds the intersection of a line with an area. LINL Finds the common intersection of lines. LINP Finds the pairwise intersection of lines.
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Command Groupings LINV LOVLAP LPTN LSBA LSBL LSBV LSBW VADD VGLUE VINP VINV VOVLAP VPTN VSBA VSBV VSBW Meshing
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Finds the intersection of a line with a volume. Overlaps lines. Partitions lines. Subtracts areas from lines. Subtracts lines from lines. Subtracts volumes from lines. Subtracts the intersection of the working plane from lines(divides lines). Adds separate volumes to create a single volume. Generates new volumes by "gluing" volumes. Finds the pairwise intersection of volumes. Finds the intersection of volumes. Overlaps volumes. Partitions volumes. Subtracts areas from volumes. Subtracts volumes from volumes. Subtracts intersection of the working plane from volumes (divides volumes).
These PREP7 commands are used to mesh solid models with nodes and elements. ACCAT Concatenates multiple areas in preparation for mapped meshing. ACLEAR Deletes nodes and area elements associated with selected areas. AESIZE Specifies the element size to be meshed onto areas. AMAP Generates a 2-D mapped mesh based on specified area corners. AMESH Generates nodes and area elements within areas. AREFINE Refines the mesh around specified areas. CHKMSH Checks area and volume entities for previous meshes. CLRMSHLN Clears meshed entities. CPCYC Couples the two side faces of a cyclically symmetric model for loadings that are the same on every segment. DESIZE Controls default element sizes. EORIENT Reorients solid element normals. EREFINE Refines the mesh around specified elements. ESIZE Specifies the default number of line divisions. ESYS Sets the element coordinate system attribute pointer. FVMESH Generates nodes and tetrahedral volume elements from detached exterior area elements (facets). KATT Associates attributes with the selected, unmeshed keypoints. KCLEAR Deletes nodes and point elements associated with selected keypoints. KESIZE Specifies the edge lengths of the elements nearest a keypoint. KMESH Generates nodes and point elements at keypoints. KREFINE Refines the mesh around specified keypoints. KSCON Specifies a keypoint about which an area mesh will be skewed. LATT Associates element attributes with the selected, unmeshed lines. LCCAT Concatenates multiple lines into one line for mapped meshing.
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Command Groupings LCLEAR LESIZE LMESH LREFINE MAT MCHECK MODMSH MOPT MSHAPE
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Deletes nodes and line elements associated with selected lines. Specifies the divisions and spacing ratio on unmeshed lines. Generates nodes and line elements along lines. Refines the mesh around specified lines. Sets the element material attribute pointer. Checks mesh connectivity. Controls the relationship of the solid model and the FE model. Specifies meshing options. For elements that support multiple shapes, specifies the element shape to be used for meshing. MSHCOPY Simplifies the generation of meshes that have matching node element patterns on two different line groups (in 2-D) or area groups (3-D). MSHKEY Specifies whether free meshing or mapped meshing should be used to mesh a model. MSHMID Specifies placement of midside nodes. MSHPATTERN Specifies pattern to be used for mapped triangle meshing. NREFINE Refines the mesh around specified nodes. PSMESH Splits an initially continuous group of beam, shell, plane, or solid elements into two unconnected groups, tied together with PRETS179 pre-tension elements. REAL Sets the element real constant set attribute pointer. RTHICK Defines variable thickness at nodes for shell elements. SHPP Controls element shape checking. SMRTSIZE Specifies meshing parameters for automatic (smart) element sizing. TCHG Converts 20-node degenerate tetrahedral elements to their 10-node nondegenerate counterparts. TIMP Improves the quality of tetrahedral elements that are not associated with a volume. TYPE Sets the element type attribute pointer. VATT Associates element attributes with the selected, unmeshed volumes. VCLEAR Deletes nodes and volume elements associated with selected volumes. VIMP Improves the quality of the tetrahedral elements in the selected volume(s). VMESH Generates nodes and volume elements within volumes. VSWEEP Fills an existing unmeshed volume with elements by sweeping the mesh from an adjacent area throughout the volume. Nodes These PREP7 commands are used to create, modify, list, etc., nodes. CENTER Defines a node at the center of curvature of 2 or 3 nodes. FILL Generates a line of nodes between two existing nodes. MOVE Calculates and moves a node to an intersection. N Defines a node. NANG Rotates a nodal coordinate system by direction cosines. NDELE Deletes nodes. NDIST Calculates and lists the distance between two nodes. NGEN Generates additional nodes from a pattern of nodes.
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Command Groupings NKPT NLIST NMODIF NPLOT NREAD NROTAT NRRANG NSCALE NSMOOTH NSYM NWRITE QUAD SOURCE TRANSFER Elements Defines a node at an existing keypoint location. Lists nodes. Modifies an existing node. Displays nodes. Reads nodes from a file. Rotates nodal coordinate systems into the active system. Specifies the range of nodes to be read from the node file. Generates a scaled set of nodes from a pattern of nodes. Smooths selected nodes among selected elements. Generates a reflected set of nodes. Writes nodes to a file. Generates a quadratic line of nodes from three nodes. Defines a default location for undefined nodes or keypoints. Transfers a pattern of nodes to another coordinate system.
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These PREP7 commands are used to create, modify, list, etc., elements. AFSURF Generates surface elements overlaid on the surface of existing solid elements and assigns the extra node as the closes fluid element node. E Defines an element by node connectivity. EDELE Deletes selected elements from the model. EGEN Generates elements from an existing pattern. EINTF Defines two -noded elements between coincident nodes. ELIST Lists the elements. EMID Adds or removes midside nodes. EMODIF Modifies a previously defined element. EMORE Adds more nodes to the just -defined element. EMTGEN Generates a set of TRANS126 elements EN Defines an element by its number and node connectivity. ENGEN Generates elements from an existing pattern. ENORM Reorients shell element normals. ENSYM Generates elements by symmetry reflection. EORIENT Reorients solid element normals. EPLOT Produces an element display. EREAD Reads elements from a file. ERRANG Specifies the element range to be read from a file. ESURF Generates elements overlaid on the free faces of existing elements. ESYM Generates elements from a pattern by a symmetry reflection. ESYS Sets the element coordinate system attribute pointer. EWRITE Writes elements to a file. GCGEN Generates 2-D or 3-D contact elements. LAYLIST Lists real constants material properties for layered elements. LAYPLOT Displays the layer stacking sequence for layered elements. LFSURF Generates surface elements overlaid on the edge of existing solid elements and assigns
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Command Groupings
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the extra node as the closest fluid element node. MAT Sets the element material attribute pointer. NDSURF Generates surface elements overlaid on the edge of existing elements and assigns the extra node as the closest fluid element node. REAL Sets the element real constant set attribute pointer. TSHAP Defines simple 2-D and 3-D geometric surfaces for target segment elements. TYPE Sets the element type attribute pointer. UPGEOM Adds displacements from a previous analysis and updates the geometry to the deformed configuration. Superelements These PREP7 commands are used to create and modify superelements. SE Defines a superelement. SEDLIST Lists the DOF solution of a superelement after the use pass. SELIST Lists the contents of a superelement matrix file. SESYMM Performs a symmetry operation on a superelement within the use pass. SETRAN Creates a superelement from an existing superelement. Piping These PREP7 commands are used to conveniently create models of piping systems. BELLOW Defines a bellows in a piping run. BEND Defines a bend in a piping run. BRANCH Defines the starting point for a piping branch. FLANGE Defines a flange in a piping run. MITER Defines a mitered bend in a piping run. PCORRO Specifies the allowable exterior corrosion thickness for a piping run. PDRAG Defines the external fluid drag loading for a piping run. PFLUID Defines the contained fluid density for a piping run. PGAP Defines a spring-gap constraint in a piping run. PINSUL Defines the external insulation constants in a piping run. POPT Selects the piping analysis standard for a piping run. PPRES Defines the internal pressure for a piping run. PSPEC Defines pipe material and dimensions. PSPRNG Defines a spring constraint in a piping run. PTEMP Defines the pipe wall temperatures in a piping run. PUNIT Selects the system of length units to be used in a piping run. REDUCE Defines a reducer in a piping run. RUN Defines a pipe run. TEE Defines a tee in a piping run. VALVE Defines a valve in a piping run. Digitizing These PREP7 commands are used to define nodes by tablet digitizing.
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Command Groupings DIG Digitizes nodes to a surface. DMOVE Digitizes nodes on surfaces and along intersections. DSET Sets the scale and drawing plane orientation for a digitizing tablet. DSURF Defines the surface upon which digitized nodes lie. Coupled DOF
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These PREP7 commands are used to define, modify, list, etc., coupled degrees of freedom. CP Defines (or modifies) a set of coupled degrees of freedom. CPDELE Deletes coupled degree of freedom sets. CPINTF Defines coupled degrees of freedom at an interface. CPLGEN Generates sets of coupled nodes from an existing set. CPLIST Lists the coupled degree of freedom sets. CPNGEN Defines, modifies, or adds to a set of coupled degrees of freedom. CPSGEN Generates sets of coupled nodes from existing sets. Constraint Equations These PREP7 commands are used to define, modify, list, etc., constraint equations. CE Defines a constraint equation relating degrees of freedom. CECYC Generates the constraint equations for a cyclic symmetry analysis. CEDELE Deletes constraint equations. CEINTF Generates constraint equations at an interface. CELIST Lists the constraint equations. CERIG Defines a rigid region. CESGEN Generates a set of constraint equations from existing sets. RBE3 Distributes the force/moment applied at the master node to a set of slave nodes, taking into account the geometry of the slave nodes as well as weighting factors. Element Reordering These PREP7 commands are used to reorder the model wavefront. NOORDER Re-establishes the original element ordering. WAVES Initiates reordering. WERASE Erases all reordering wave lists. WFRONT Estimates wavefront statistics. WMID Specifies reordering options for the WAVES command. WMORE Adds more nodes to the starting wave list. WSORT Initiates element reordering based upon a geometric sort. WSTART Defines a starting wave list. FLOTRAN Options These PREP7 commands are used to specify the options and output controls for a FLOTRAN CFD analysis. FLDATA Sets up a FLOTRAN analysis.
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Command Groupings FLDATA1 FLDATA2 FLDATA3 FLDATA4
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Controls which features of the solution algorithm are activated. Sets iteration and output controls for steady state analyses. Sets the convergence monitors for the degree of freedom set. Sets controls for transient analyses based on transient time and convergence monitors. FLDATA4A Sets controls for transient analyses based on the number of time steps. FLDATA5 Sets output and storage controls. FLDATA6 Controls the output of the convergence monitor. FLDATA37 Specifies the segregated solution algorithm. FLOTRAN Property These PREP7 commands are used to specify the fluid properties for a FLOTRAN CFD analysis. FLDATA7 Specifies the type of fluid property. FLDATA8 Specifies the NOMI coefficient of the fluid property equation. FLDATA9 Specifies the COF1 coefficient of the fluid property equation. FLDATA10 Specifies the COF2 coefficient of the fluid property equation. FLDATA11 Specifies the COF3 coefficient of the fluid property equation. FLDATA12 Sets the property update frequency flag. FLDATA13 Sets the property variation flag. FLOTRAN Operating These PREP7 commands are used to specify the operating conditions for a FLOTRAN CFD analysis. FLDATA14 Specifies the reference temperature. FLDATA15 Specifies the reference pressure. FLDATA16 Specifies the bulk modulus parameter. FLDATA17 Specifies the specific heat ratio. FLOTRAN Solver These PREP7 commands are used to control the solver for a FLOTRAN CFD analysis. FLDATA18 Selects the algebraic solver. FLDATA19 Specifies the number of TDMA sweeps. FLDATA20 Specifies the number of conjugate direction search vectors. FLDATA20A Specifies the amount of fill -in when preconditioning the coefficient matrix. FLDATA20B Specifies the number of fill-ins for the ILU preconditioner. FLDATA21 Specifies the convergence monitor. FLDATA22 Specifies the maximum number of semi-direct iterations. FLDATA23 Specifies the solver minimum normalized rate of change. FLOTRAN Turbulence These PREP7 commands are used to control the turbulence setting for a FLOTRAN CFD analysis. FLDATA24 Sets the turbulence model and the constants used in the Standard k-Model and the
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Command Groupings Zero Equation Turbulence Model. FLDATA24A Sets constants for the Re-Normalized Group Turbulence Model (RNG). FLDATA24B Sets constants for the New k-e Model due to Shih (NKE). FLDATA24C Sets constants for the Non-linear Model of Girimaji (GIR). FLDATA24D Sets constants for the Shih, Zhu, Lumley Model (SZL). FLOTRAN Stability
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These PREP7 commands are used to control the stability settings for a FLOTRAN CFD analysis. FLDATA25 Sets solution and property relaxation factors. FLDATA26 Sets stability controls. FLDATA34 Sets modified inertial relaxation factors. FLOTRAN Miscellaneous These PREP7 commands are used to control miscellaneous settings for a FLOTRAN CFD analysis. FLDATA27 Controls dependent variable printing. FLDATA28 Specifies that variable results are to be replaced. FLDATA29 Re-initializes a results variable. FLDATA30 Controls the quadrature orders. FLDATA31 Specifies dependent variable caps. FLDATA32 Controls restart options. FLDATA33 Specifies the approach to discretize the advection term. FLDATA35 Specifies tolerances for the lower and upper bound of the volume fraction. FLDATA36 Specifies ambient reference values outside of the fluid for the volume of fluid (VOF) method. ICVFRC Sets the initial volume fraction field for a geometry. PLVFRC Displays volume fractions in a volume of fluid (VOF) analysis. FLOTRAN Multiple Species These PREP7 commands are used for multiple species transport in a FLOTRAN CFD analysis. MSADV Specifies the approach to discretize the advection term in a species transport equation. MSCAP Activates and controls mass fraction capping for a species. MSDATA Defines multiple species data applicable to all species. MSMETH Specifies the method of solution of the species transport equations. MSMIR Sets modified inertial relaxation factors for multiple species. MSNOMF Specifies the initial value of nominal mass fraction for a species. MSPROP Defines the fluid properties of a species. MSQUAD Specifies the quadrature order for multiple species elements. MSRELAX Specifies relaxation factors for a multiple species transport analysis. MSSOLU Specifies solution options for multiple species transport. MSSPEC Specifies the name, molecular weight, and Schmidt number of a species. MSTERM Sets the convergence monitors for species. MSVARY Allows species properties to vary between global iterations.
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Command Groupings Special Purpose
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These PREP7 commands are used for certain special purpose operations. Verifies a cyclically symmetric model by expanding it partially or into the full /CYCEXPAND 360 degrees. CYCGEN Generates a duplicate of the basic sector in a modal cyclic symmetry analysis. CYCLIC Specifies a cyclic symmetry analysis. CYCOPT Specifies solution options for a cyclic symmetry analysis. EMSYM Specifies circular symmetry for electro-magnetic sources. PERBC2D Generates periodic constraints for 2-D planar magnetic field analyses. PHYSICS Writes, reads, or lists all element information. RACE Defines a "racetrack" current source. Status These PREP7 commands are for use with the STAT command. AREAS Specifies "Areas" as the subsequent status topic. BOOL Specifies "Booleans" as the subsequent status topic. CEQN Specifies "Constraint equations" as the subsequent status topic. COUPLE Specifies "Node coupling" as the subsequent status topic. DIGIT Specifies "Node digitizing" as the subsequent status topic. ELEM Specifies "Elements" as the subsequent status topic. ETYPE Specifies "Element types" as the subsequent status topic. FATIGUE Specifies "Fatigue data status" as the subsequent status topic. FEBODY Specifies "Body loads on elements" as the subsequent status topic. FECONS Specifies "Constraints on nodes" as the subsequent status topic. FEFOR Specifies "Forces on nodes" as the subsequent status topic. FESURF Specifies "Surface loads on elements" as the subsequent status topic. FLOTRAN Specifies "FLOTRAN data settings" as the subsequent status topic. GEOMETRY Specifies "Geometry" as the subsequent status topic. KEYPTS Specifies "Keypoints" as the subsequent status topic. LINE Specifies "Lines" as the subsequent status topic. MATER Specifies "Material properties" as the subsequent status topic. MESHING Specifies "Meshing" as the subsequent status topic. NODES Specifies "Nodes" as the subsequent status topic. PIPE Specifies "Pipe modeling" as the subsequent status topic. PMETH Specifies "p-Method" as the subsequent status topic. PRIM Specifies "Solid model primitives" as the subsequent status topic. RCON Specifies "Real constants" as the subsequent status topic. REORDER Specifies "Model reordering" as the subsequent status topic. SELM Specifies "Superelements" as the subsequent status topic. TBLE Specifies "Data table properties" as the subsequent status topic. VOLUMES Specifies "Volumes" as the subsequent status topic. Explicit Dynamics
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Command Groupings
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These PREP7 commands are used for an explicit dynamic analysis. EDASMP Creates a part assembly to be used in an explicit dynamic analysis. EDBOUND Defines a boundary plane for sliding or cyclic symmetry. EDBX Creates a box shaped volume to be used in a contact definition. EDCGEN Specifies contact parameters for an explicit dynamic analysis. EDCLIST Lists all contact entity specifications in an explicit dynamic analysis. Specifies additional contact parameters for a given contact definition in an explicit EDCMORE dynamic analysis. EDCNSTR Defines various types of constraints for an explicit dynamic analysis. EDCONTACT Specifies contact surface controls for an explicit dynamic analysis. EDCRB Constrains two rigid bodies to act as one in an explicit dynamic analysis. EDCURVE Specifies data curves for an explicit dynamic analysis. Deletes or deactivates/reactivates contact entity specifications in an explicit EDDC dynamic analysis. EDIPART Defines inertia for rigid parts in an explicit dynamic analysis. EDLCS Defines a local coordinate system for use in explicit dynamic analysis. EDMP Defines material properties for an explicit dynamic analysis. EDNB Defines a nonreflecting boundary in an explicit dynamic analysis. EDNDTSD Allows smoothing of noisy data for explicit dynamic analyses and provides a graphical representation of the data. EDNROT Applies a rotated coordinate nodal constraint in an explicit dynamic analysis. EDPART Configures parts for an explicit dynamic analysis. EDPC Selects and plots explicit dynamic contact entities. Specifies small penetration checking for contact entities in an explicit dynamic EDSP analysis. EDWELD Defines a massless spotweld or generalized weld for use in an explicit dynamic analysis. CAD Repair These PREP7 commands are for IGES and Connection import. ALPFILL Fills in an area loop within an existing 2-D area (for models imported from CAD files). ARCOLLAPSE Collapses specified area to a specified line segment (for models imported from CAD files). ARDETACH Detaches areas from neighboring geometrical entities (for models imported from CAD files). ARFILL Creates an area based on a set of singly-connected lines (for models imported from CAD files). ARMERGE Merges two or more singly-connected adjacent areas (for models imported from CAD files). ARSPLIT Splits an area between two keypoints (for models imported from CAD files). GAPFINISH Exits from the CAD import topology repair stage. GAPLIST Lists all joined or disjoined lines in a model (for models imported from CAD files). GAPMERGE Merges adjacent disjoined lines (for models imported from CAD files). GAPOPT Sets preferences for the CAD import repair commands.
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Command Groupings
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GAPPLOT Plots all joined or disjoined lines (for models imported from CAD files). LNCOLLAPSE Collapse a line segment to a keypoint (for models imported from CAD files). LNDETACH Detaches lines from neighboring geometric entity (for models imported from CAD files). LNFILL Creates a straight line between two keypoints (for models imported from CAD files). LNMERGE Merges two or more connected line segments (for models imported from CAD files). LNSPLIT Splits a line segment into two line segments (for models imported from CAD files). SARPLOT Displays areas smaller than a specified size (for models imported from CAD files). SLPPLOT Displays line loops smaller than a specified size (for models imported from CAD files). SLSPLOT Displays line segments smaller than a specified size (for models imported from CAD files). VCVFILL Fills cavities and bosses in volumes (for models imported from CAD files). Cross Sections These PREP7 commands manage cross sections. PRSSOL Prints BEAM188 and BEAM189 section results. SDELETE Deletes cross sections from the ANSYS database. SECDATA Describes the geometry of a beam section. /SECLIB Sets the default section library path for the SECREAD command. SECNUM Sets the element section attribute pointer. SECOFFSET Defines the section offset for beam cross sections. SECPLOT Plots the geometry of a beam section to scale. SECREAD Reads a customized beam section library or a user-defined beam section mesh into ANSYS. SECTYPE Associates section type information with a section ID number. SECWRITE Creates an ASCII file containing user mesh section information. SLIST Summarizes the section properties for all defined sections in the current session of ANSYS. Morphing These PREP7 commands are used to adjust the finite element mesh in the non-structural regions to coincide with the deflections of the structural regions. DAMORPH Move nodes in selected areas to conform to structural displacements. DEMORPH Move nodes in selected elements to conform to structural displacements. DVMORPH Move nodes in selected volumes to conform to structural displacements. Trefftz Domain These PREP7 commands are used in the Trefftz method for modeling the open domain. TZAMESH Meshes the areas of a volume to create Trefftz nodes.
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Command Groupings TZDELE TZEGEN
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Deletes the Trefftz superelement, associated constraint equations and all supporting Trefftz files. Generates a Trefftz domain substructure and defines a Trefftz superelement for use in electrostatic analysis.
Perfectly Matched Layers This PREP7 command is used to create perfectly matched layers (PMLs) designed to absorb high frequency waves PMLOPT Defines perfectly matched layers (PMLs) for a high-frequency analysis. Prev APDL Commands Prev SOLUTION Commands Command Groupings Next SOLUTION Commands Next
2.6. SOLUTION Commands

The commands in this table are used to load and solve the model. A brief description of each command is given, along with the page number where the complete command definition can be found. The commands are grouped by functionality. Analysis Options These SOLUTION commands are used to set general analysis options. ADAPT Adaptively meshes and solves a model. ANTYPE Specifies the analysis type and restart status. CHECK Checks current database items for completeness. CMATRIX Performs electrostatic field solutions and calculates the self and mutual capacitances between multiple conductors. CUTCONTROL Controls time-step cutback during a non-linear solution. CYCOPT Specifies the nodal diameter solution for a cyclic symmetry analysis. DDSOPT Sets options for the Distributed Domain Server; this command is only valid for sites with a license for the Parallel Performance for ANSYS add-on. EMATWRITE Forces the writing of all the element matrices to File.EMAT. EQSLV Specifies the type of equation solver. ERESX Specifies extrapolation of integration point results. ESSOLV Performs a coupled electrostatic-structural analysis. EXPASS Specifies an expansion pass of an analysis. FSSOLV Performs a coupled steady-state fluid-structural analysis. GAUGE Gauges the problem domain for an edge-element formulation. HFEIGOPT Specifies high frequency electromagnetic modal analysis options. HFSCAT Specifies a high-frequency scattering analysis. HFSWEEP Performs a harmonic response for a high-frequency electromagnetic wave guide analysis. LMATRIX Calculates the differential inductance matrix and the total flux linkage in each
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Command Groupings
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coil for an N-winding system. LUMPM Specifies a lumped mass matrix formulation. MONITOR Controls contents of three variable fields in non-linear solution monitor file. MSAVE Sets the solver memory saving option. This option only applies to the PCG solver. OPNCONTROL Sets decision parameter for automatically increasing the time step interval. PRECISION Specifies machine precision for solvers (currently valid only for PCG solvers). PSOLVE Directs the program to perform a partial solution. RATE Specifies whether the effect of creep strain rate will be used in the solution of a load step. SEEXP Specifies options for the substructure expansion pass. SEOPT Specifies substructure analysis options. SOLCONTROL Specifies whether to use optimized nonlinear solution defaults and some enhanced internal solution algorithms. /SOLU Enters the solution processor. SOLVE Starts a solution. TOFFST Specifies the temperature offset from absolute zero to zero. p-Method Options These SOLUTION commands are used to define options for p-Method analyses. PCONV Sets convergence values for p-method solutions. PEXCLUDE Specifies elements to be excluded from p-level escalations. PINCLUDE Specifies elements to be included in p-level escalations. /PMETH Activates the p-method solution options in the Graphical User Interface (GUI). PMOPTS Defines percentage tolerance for a p-Method solution. PPRANGE Specifies a range of p-level values for use in a p-method solution. Nonlinear Options These SOLUTION commands are used to define options for nonlinear analyses. ARCLEN Activates the arc-length method. ARCTRM Controls termination of the arc-length solution. BUCOPT Specifies buckling analysis options. CNVTOL Sets convergence values for nonlinear analyses. CRPLIM Specifies the creep criterion for automatic time stepping. /GST Turns Graphical Solution Tracking (GST) on or off. LNSRCH Activates a line search to be used with Newton-Raphson. MXPAND Specifies the number of modes to expand and write for a modal or buckling analysis. NCNV Sets the key to terminate an analysis. NEQIT Specifies the maximum number of equilibrium iterations for nonlinear analyses. NLGEOM Includes large deformation effects in a static or full transient analysis. NROPT Specifies the Newton-Raphson options in a static or full transient analysis. PRED Activates a predictor in a nonlinear analysis. PSTRES Specifies whether prestress effects are to be included. SSTIF Activates stress stiffness effects in a nonlinear analysis. file://D:\Documents%20and%20Settings\Administrator\Local%20Settings\Temp\~hh... 20.05.2004
Command Groupings SUBOPT Specifies options for subspace iteration eigenvalue extraction. Dynamic Options
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These SOLUTION commands are used to define options for dynamic analyses. ALPHAD Defines the mass matrix multiplier for damping. BETAD Defines the stiffness matrix multiplier for damping. CYCSOL Performs a modal cyclic symmetry analysis. DMPRAT Sets a constant damping ratio. HARFRQ Defines the frequency range in the harmonic response analysis. HREXP Specifies the phase angle for the harmonic analysis expansion pass. HROPT Specifies harmonic analysis options. HROUT Specifies the harmonic analysis output options. LVSCALE Scales the load vector for mode superposition analyses. MDAMP Defines the damping ratios as a function of mode. MODOPT Specifies modal analysis options. MXPAND Specifies the number of modes to expand and write for a modal or buckling analysis. RIGID Specifies known rigid body modes (if any) of the model. SUBOPT Specifies options for subspace iteration eigenvalue extraction. TIMINT Turns on transient effects. TINTP Defines transient integration parameters. TRNOPT Specifies transient analysis options. Spectrum Options These SOLUTION commands are used to define options for spectrum analyses. ADDAM Specifies the acceleration spectrum computation constants for the analysis of shock resistance of shipboard structures. COVAL Defines PSD cospectral values. CQC Specifies the complete quadratic mode combination method. DSUM Specifies the double sum mode combination method. FREQ Defines the frequency points for the SV vs. FREQ tables. GRP Specifies the grouping mode combination method. NRLSUM Specifies the Naval Research Laboratory (NRL) sum mode combination method. PFACT Calculates participation factors for the PSD or multi-point response spectrum table. PSDCOM Specifies the power spectral density mode combination method. PSDFRQ Defines the frequency points for the input spectrum vs. FREQ tables of PSD and multi-point spectrum analyses. PSDGRAPH Displays input PSD curves PSDRES Controls solution output written to the results file from a PSD analysis. PSDSPL Defines a partially correlated excitation in a PSD analysis. PSDUNIT Defines the type of PSD or multi-point response spectrum. PSDVAL Defines PSD or multi-point response spectrum values. PSDWAV Defines a wave propagation excitation in a PSD analysis. QDVAL Defines PSD quadspectral values.
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Command Groupings ROCK SED SPOPT SRSS SV SVTYP VDDAM
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Specifies a rocking response spectrum. Defines the excitation direction for a single-point response spectrum. Selects the spectrum type and other spectrum options. Specifies the square root of sum of squares mode combination method. Defines spectrum values to be associated with frequency points. Defines the type of single-point response spectrum. Specifies the velocity spectrum computation constants for the analysis of shock resistance of shipboard structures.
Load Step Options These SOLUTION commands are used to define options for individual load steps. AUTOTS Specifies whether to use automatic time stepping or load stepping. CECMOD Modifies the constant term of a constraint equation during solution. DELTIM Specifies the time step sizes to be used for this load step. EXPSOL Specifies the solution to be expanded for reduced analyses. HMAGSOLV Specifies 2-D or axisymmetric harmonic magnetic solution options and initiates the solution. KBC Specifies stepped or ramped loading within a load step. KUSE Specifies whether or not to reuse the triangularized matrix. MAGOPT Specifies options for a 3-D magnetostatic field analysis. MAGSOLV Specifies magnetic solution options and initiates the solution. MODE Specifies the harmonic loading term for this load step. NSUBST Specifies the number of substeps to be taken this load step. NUMEXP Specifies solutions to be expanded from reduced analyses. TIME Sets the time for a load step. TREF Defines the reference temperature for the thermal strain calculations. TSRES Defines an array of keytimes at which the time-stepping strategy changes. UPCOORD Modifies the coordinates of the active set of nodes, based on the current displacements. USRCAL Allows user-solution subroutines to be activated or deactivated. Solid Constraints These SOLUTION commands are used to define constraints on the solid model. DA Defines symmetry or antisymmetry DOF constraints on areas. DADELE Deletes DOF constraints on an area. DALIST Lists the DOF constraints on an area. DK Defines DOF constraints at keypoints. DKDELE Deletes DOF constraints at a keypoint. DKLIST Lists the DOF constraints at keypoints. DL Defines symmetry or antisymmetry DOF constraints on lines. DLDELE Deletes DOF constraints on a line. DLLIST Lists DOF constraints on a line. DTRAN Transfers solid model DOF constraints to the finite element model.
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Command Groupings Solid Forces These SOLUTION commands are used to define forces on the solid model. FK Defines force loads at keypoints. FKDELE Deletes force loads at a keypoint. FKLIST Lists the forces at keypoints. FTRAN Transfers solid model forces to the finite element model. Solid Surface Loads These SOLUTION commands are used to define surface loads on the solid model. SFA Specifies surface loads on the selected areas. SFADELE Deletes surface loads from areas. SFALIST Lists the surface loads for the specified area. SFL Specifies surface loads on lines of an area. SFLDELE Deletes surface loads from lines. SFLLIST Lists the surface loads for lines. SFTRAN Transfer the solid model surface loads to the finite element model. Solid Body Loads These SOLUTION commands are used to define body loads on the solid model. BFA Defines a body force load on an area. BFADELE Deletes body force loads on an area. BFALIST Lists the body force loads on an area. BFK Defines a body force load at a keypoint. BFKDELE Deletes body force loads at a keypoint. BFKLIST Lists the body force loads at keypoints. BFL Defines a body force load on a line. BFLDELE Deletes body force loads on a line. BFLLIST Lists the body force loads on a line. BFTRAN Transfers solid model body force loads to the finite element model. BFV Defines a body force load on a volume. BFVDELE Deletes body force loads on a volume. BFVLIST Lists the body force loads on a volume. Inertia These SOLUTION commands are used to define inertial loads on the model. ACEL Specifies the linear acceleration of the structure. CGLOC Specifies the origin location of the acceleration coordinate system. CGOMGA Specifies the rotational velocity of the global origin. DCGOMG Specifies the rotational acceleration of the global origin. DOMEGA Specifies the rotational acceleration of the structure. IRLF Specifies that inertia relief calculations are to be performed. OMEGA Specifies the rotational velocity of the structure.
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Command Groupings Miscellaneous Loads
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These SOLUTION commands are for miscellaneous load definition and control. BIOT Calculates the Biot-Savart source magnetic field intensity. FMAGBC Applies force and torque boundary conditions to an element component. HFPORT Specifies a time-harmonic guided wave excitation for a waveguide port. IC Specifies initial conditions at nodes. ICDELE Deletes initial conditions at nodes. ICE Specifies initial conditions on elements. ICEDELE Deletes initial conditions on elements. ICELIST Lists initial conditions on elements. ICLIST Lists the initial conditions. ISFILE Reads an initial stress state from a file into ANSYS. MPCHG Changes the material number attribute of an element. OUTPR Controls the solution printout. OUTRES Controls the solution data written to the database. PLWAVE Specifies a free-space time-harmonic incident plane electromagnetic wave in the global Cartesian coordinate system. RESCONTROL Controls file writing for multiframe restarts. SBCLIST Lists solid model boundary conditions. SBCTRAN Transfers solid model loads and boundary conditions to the FE model. Load Step Operations These SOLUTION commands are used to write and solve multiple load steps. LSCLEAR Clears loads and load step options from the database. LSDELE Deletes load step files. LSREAD Reads load and load step option data into the database. LSSOLVE Reads and solves multiple load steps. LSWRITE Writes load and load step option data to a file. Master DOF These SOLUTION commands are used to define master degrees of freedom. M Defines master degrees of freedom for reduced analyses. MDELE Deletes master degrees of freedom. MGEN Generates additional MDOF from a previously defined set. MLIST Lists the MDOF of freedom. TOTAL Specifies automatic MDOF generation. Gap Conditions These SOLUTION commands are used to define gaps for transient dynamic analyses. GP Defines a gap condition for transient analyses. GPDELE Deletes gap conditions. GPLIST Lists the gap conditions.
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Command Groupings Birth and Death These SOLUTION commands are used for the birth and death option for elements. EALIVE Reactivates an element (for the birth and death capability). EKILL Deactivates an element (for the birth and death capability). ESTIF Specifies the matrix multiplier for deactivated elements. FE Constraints
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These SOLUTION commands are used to define constraints on the finite element model. D Defines DOF constraints at nodes. DCUM Specifies that DOF constraint values are to be accumulated. DDELE Deletes degree of freedom constraints. DLIST Lists DOF constraints. DSCALE Scales DOF constraint values. DSYM Specifies symmetry or antisymmetry DOF constraints on nodes. LDREAD Reads results from the results file and applies them as loads. FE Forces These SOLUTION commands are used to define nodal loads on the finite element model. F Specifies force loads at nodes. FCUM Specifies that force loads are to be accumulated. FDELE Deletes force loads on nodes. FLIST Lists force loads on the nodes. FSCALE Scales force load values in the database. FE Surface Loads These SOLUTION commands are used to define surface loads on the finite element model. SF Specifies surface loads on nodes. SFBEAM Specifies surface loads on beam elements. SFCUM Specifies that surface loads are to be accumulated. SFDELE Deletes surface loads. SFE Specifies surface loads on elements. SFEDELE Deletes surface loads from elements. SFELIST Lists the surface loads for elements. SFFUN Specifies a varying surface load. SFGRAD Specifies a gradient (slope) for surface loads. SFLIST Lists surface loads. SFSCALE Scales surface loads on elements. FE Body Loads These SOLUTION commands are used to define body loads on the finite element model. BF Defines a nodal body force load.
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Command Groupings BFCUM BFDELE BFE BFECUM BFEDELE BFELIST BFESCAL BFLIST BFSCALE BFUNIF LDREAD RIMPORT TUNIF Status Specifies that nodal body force loads are to be accumulated. Deletes nodal body force loads. Defines an element body force load. Specifies whether to ignore subsequent element body force loads. Deletes element body force loads. Lists the element body force loads. Scales element body force loads. Lists the body force loads on nodes. Scales body force loads at nodes. Assigns a uniform body force load to all nodes. Reads results from the results file and applies them as loads. Imports initial stresses from an explicit run into ANSYS. Assigns a uniform temperature to all nodes.
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These SOLUTION commands are for use with the STAT command. ATYPE Specifies "Analysis types" as the subsequent status topic. BIOOPT Specifies "Biot-Savart options" as the subsequent status topic. DEACT Specifies "Element birth and death" as the subsequent status topic. DYNOPT Specifies "Dynamic analysis options" as the subsequent status topic. GAP Specifies "Reduced transient gap conditions" as the subsequent status topic. GENOPT Specifies "General options" as the subsequent status topic. INRTIA Specifies "Inertial loads" as the subsequent status topic. LSOPER Specifies "Load step operations" as the subsequent status topic. MASTER Specifies "Master DOF" as the subsequent status topic. NLOPT Specifies "Nonlinear analysis options" as the subsequent status topic. OUTOPT Specifies "Output options" as the subsequent status topic. SMBODY Specifies "Body loads on the solid model" as the subsequent status topic. SMCONS Specifies "Constraints on the solid model" as the subsequent status topic. SMFOR Specifies "Forces on the solid model" as the subsequent status topic. SMSURF Specifies "Surface loads on the solid model" as the subsequent status topic. SOLUOPT Specifies "Solution options" as the subsequent status topic. SPTOPT Specifies "Spectrum analysis options" as the subsequent status topic. Explicit Dynamics These SOLUTION commands are used for an explicit dynamic analysis. EDADAPT Activates adaptive meshing in an explicit dynamic analysis. EDBVIS Specifies global bulk viscosity coefficients for an explicit dynamic analysis. EDCADAPT Specifies adaptive meshing controls for an explicit dynamic analysis. EDCPU Specifies CPU time limit for an explicit dynamic analysis. EDCSC Specifies whether to use subcycling in an explicit dynamic analysis. EDCTS Specifies mass scaling and scale factor of computed time step for an explicit dynamic analysis.
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Command Groupings EDDAMP
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Defines mass weighted (Alpha) or stiffness weighted (Beta) damping for an explicit dynamics model. EDDRELAX Activates initialization to a prescribed geometry or dynamic relaxation for the explicit analysis. EDDUMP Specifies output frequency for the explicit dynamic restart file (d3dump). EDENERGY Specifies energy dissipation controls for an explicit dynamic analysis. EDFPLOT Allows plotting of explicit dynamics forces. EDHGLS Specifies the hourglass coefficient for an explicit dynamic analysis. EDHIST Specifies time-history output for an explicit dynamic analysis. EDHTIME Specifies the time-history output interval for an explicit dynamic analysis. EDINT Specifies number of integration points for explicit shell and beam output. EDIS Specifies stress initialization in an explicit dynamic full restart analysis. EDLOAD Specifies loads for an explicit dynamic analysis. EDOPT Specifies the type of output for an explicit dynamic analysis. EDOUT Specifies time-history output (ASCII format) for an explicit dynamic analysis. EDPL Plots a time dependent load curve in an explicit dynamic analysis. EDPVEL Applies initial velocities to parts or part assemblies in an explicit dynamic analysis. EDRC Specifies rigid/deformable switch controls in an explicit dynamic analysis. Switches a part from deformable to rigid or from rigid to deformable in an explicit EDRD dynamic analysis. Defines inertia properties for a new rigid body that is created when a deformable EDRI part is switched to rigid in an explicit dynamic analysis. EDRST Specifies the output interval for an explicit dynamic analysis. EDRUN Specifies serial or parallel processing for an explicit dynamic analysis. EDSHELL Specifies shell computation controls for an explicit dynamic analysis. EDSOLV Specifies "explicit dynamics solution" as the subsequent status topic. EDSTART Specifies status (new or restart) of an explicit dynamic analysis. EDTERM Specifies termination criteria for an explicit dynamic analysis. EDTP Plots explicit elements based on their time step size. Applies initial velocities to nodes or node components in an explicit dynamic EDVEL analysis. EDWRITE Writes explicit dynamics input to an LS-DYNA input file. REXPORT Exports displacements from an implicit run to ANSYS/LS -DYNA. FLOTRAN Checkout These SOLUTION commands are used for a FLOTRAN analysis. FLOCHECK Sets up and runs a zero-iteration FLOTRAN analysis. Controls This SOLUTION command is used to specify controls for electrostatic p-Method analyses. PEMOPTS Defines percentage tolerance and error estimation method for electrostatic p-Method solution. Radiosity
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Command Groupings
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These SOLUTION commands are used to calculate the radiation view factors and to specify the solution parameters for the Radiosity solver method. HEMIOPT Specifies options for Hemicube view factor calculation. RADOPT Specifies Gauss-Seidel Radiosity Solver options. SPCNOD Defines a space node for radiation using the Radiosity method. SPCTEMP Defines a free-space ambient temperature for radiation using the Radiosity method. STEF Specifies Stefan-Boltzmann radiation constant. V2DOPT Specifies 2-D/axisymmetric view factor calculation options. VFCALC Computes and stores Hemicube view factors. VFOPT Specifies whether new Hemicube view factors should be computed. VFQUERY Queries and prints element Hemicube view factors and average view factor. QSOPT Specifies quasi static radiation options. Prev PREP7 Commands Prev POST1 Commands Command Groupings Next POST1 Commands Next
2.7. POST1 Commands

The commands in this table are used to postprocess the results with the database processor. A brief description of each command is given, along with the page number where the complete command definition can be found. The commands are grouped by functionality. Set Up These POST1 commands are used to put data into the database for postprocessing. APPEND Reads data from the results file and appends it to the database. DESOL Defines or modifies solution results at a node of an element. DETAB Modifies element table results in the database. DNSOL Defines or modifies solution results at a node. FILE Specifies the data file where results are to be found. Computes and stores in the database the time-harmonic solution at a prescribed phase HRCPLX angle. /POST1 Enters the database results postprocessor. RESET Resets all POST1 or POST26 specifications to initial defaults. SET Defines the data set to be read from the results file. SUBSET Reads results for the selected portions of the model. Controls These POST1 commands are used to control the calculations done for other commands. AVPRIN Specifies how principal and vector sums are to be calculated. AVRES Specifies how results data will be averaged when PowerGraphics is enabled. /EFACET Specifies the number of facets per element edge for PowerGraphics displays. file://D:\Documents%20and%20Settings\Administrator\Local%20Settings\Temp\~hh... 20.05.2004
Command Groupings ERNORM FORCE INRES LAYER RSYS SHELL Results Controls error estimation calculations. Selects the element nodal force type for output. Identifies the data to be retrieved from the results file. Specifies the element layer for which data are to be processed. Activates a coordinate system for printout or display of results. Selects a shell element or shell layer location for results output.
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These POST1 commands are used to process results stored for nodes and elements, such as DOF results, nodal stresses, and element summable and non-summable miscellaneous data. NSORT Sorts nodal data. NUSORT Restores original order for nodal data. PLCONV Plots the convergence curve for specified items from a p-method solution. PLDISP Displays the displaced structure. PLESOL Displays the solution results as discontinuous element contours. PLNSOL Displays results as continuous contours. PLVECT Displays results as vectors. PPLOT Displays an element plot indicating each element's final p-level. PRCONV Lists convergence values versus characteristic p-level. PRESOL Prints the solution results for elements. PRNLD Prints the summed element nodal loads. PRNSOL Prints the nodal solution results. PRRFOR Used with the FORCE command. Prints the constrained node reaction solution. PRRSOL Prints the constrained node reaction solution. PRSSOL Prints BEAM188 and BEAM189 section results PRVECT Prints results as vector magnitude and direction cosines. SUMTYPE Sets the type of summation to be used in the following load case operations. Element Table These POST1 commands are used to operate with the element table, which in turn is used to process results stored for each element, such as average stresses, heat fluxes, etc. ESORT Sorts the element table. ETABLE Fills a table of element values for further processing. EUSORT Restores original order of the element table. PLETAB Displays element table items. PLLS Displays element table items as contoured areas along elements. PLVECT Displays results as vectors. PRETAB Prints the element table items. PRVECT Prints results as vector magnitude and direction cosines. SABS Specifies absolute values for element table operations. SADD Forms an element table item by adding two existing items. SALLOW Defines the allowable stress table for safety factor calculations. SEXP Forms an element table item by exponentiating and multiplying.
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Command Groupings SFACT SFCALC SMAX SMIN SMULT SSUM TALLOW VCROSS VDOT Listing These POST1 commands are used to control printed listings of results. /FORMAT Specifies format controls for tables. /HEADER Sets page and table heading print controls. IRLIST Prints inertia relief summary table. /PAGE Defines the printout and screen page size. PRERR Prints SEPC and TEPC. PRITER Prints solution summary data. Animation Allows safety factor or margin of safety calculations to be made. Calculates the safety factor or margin of safety. Forms an element table item from the maximum of two other items. Forms an element table item from the minimum of two other items. Forms an element table item by multiplying two other items. Calculates and prints the sum of element table items. Defines the temperature table for safety factor calculations. Forms element table items from the cross product of two vectors. Forms an element table item from the dot product of two vectors.
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These POST1 commands are used to animate results. ANCNTR Produces an animated sequence of a contoured deformed shape. ANCUT Produces an animated sequence of Q-slices. ANDATA Produces a sequential contour animation over a range of results data. ANDSCL Produces an animated sequence of a deformed shape. ANDYNA Produces an animated sequence of contour values through substeps. /ANFILE Saves or resumes an animation sequence to or from a file. ANFLOW Produces an animated sequence of particle flow in a flowing fluid or a charged particle traveling in an electric or magnetic field. ANHARM Produces a time-transient animated sequence of time-harmonic results (ANTYPE,HARMIC). ANIM Displays graphics data in animated form. ANISOS Produces an animated sequence of an isosurface. ANMODE Produces an animated sequence of a mode shape. ANTIME Produces a sequential contour animation over a range of time. TRTIME Defines the options used for the PLTRAC (particle flow or charged particle trace) command. Path Operations These POST1 commands are used for path operations. PADELE Deletes a defined path. PAGET Writes current path information into an array variable. PAPUT Retrieves path information from an array variable.
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Command Groupings
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PARESU Restores previously saved paths from a file. PASAVE Saves selected paths to an external file. PATH Defines a path name and establishes parameters for the path. PCALC Forms additional labeled path items by operating on existing path items. PCROSS Calculates the cross product of two path vectors along the current path. PDEF Interpolates an item onto a path. PDOT Calculates the dot product of two path vectors along the current path. PLPAGM Displays path items along the path geometry. PLPATH Displays path items on a graph. PLSECT Displays membrane and membrane-plus-bending linearized stresses. PMAP Creates mapping of the path geometry by defining path interpolation division points. PPATH Defines a path by picking or defining nodes, or locations on the currently active working plane, or by entering specific coordinate locations. PRANGE Determines the pathrange. PRPATH Prints path items along a geometry path. PRSECT Calculates and prints linearized stresses along a section path. PSEL Selects a path or paths. PVECT Interpolates a set of items onto a path. Load Case Calculations These POST1 commands are used for combining results from different load steps. LCABS Specifies absolute values for load case operations. LCASE Reads a load case into the database. LCDEF Creates a load case from a set of results on a results file. LCFACT Defines scale factors for load case operations. LCFILE Creates a load case from an existing load case file. LCOPER Performs load case operations. LCSEL Selects a subset of load cases. LCSUM Specifies whether to process non-summable items in load case operations. LCWRITE Creates a load case by writing results to a load case file. LCZERO Zeroes the results portion of the database. RAPPND Appends results data from the database to the results file. Magnetics Calculations These POST1 commands are used for special purpose magnetics postprocessing. CURR2D Calculates current flow in a two -dimensional conductor. EMAGERR Calculates the relative error in an electrostatic or electromagnetic field analysis. EMF Calculates the electromotive force (emf), or voltage drop along a predefined path. FLUXV Calculates the flux passing through a closed contour. FMAGSUM Summarizes electromagnetic force calculations on element components. FOR2D Calculates magnetic forces on a body. IMPD Calculates the impedance of a conductor at a reference plane. MMF Calculates the magnetomotive force along a path.
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Command Groupings
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PLF2D Generates a contour line plot of equipotentials. POWERH Calculates the rms power loss in a conductor or lossy dielectric. QFACT Calculates the quality factor for high-frequency electromagnetic resonators. REFLCOEF Calculates the voltage reflection coefficient (REFLC), standing wave ratio (VSWR), and return loss (RL) in a COAX fed device; at postprocessing of an HF electromagnetic analysis. SENERGY Determines the stored magnetic energy or co-energy. SPARM Calculates scattering (S) parameters between ports of a waveguide. TORQ2D Calculates torque on a body in a magnetic field. TORQC2D Calculates torque on a body in a magnetic field based on a circular path. TORQSUM Summarizes electromagnetic torque calculations on element components. Fatigue These POST1 commands are used for fatigue analyses. FE Defines a set of fatigue event parameters. FELIST Lists the fatigue event parameters. FL Defines a set of fatigue location parameters. FLLIST Lists the fatigue location parameters. FP Defines the fatigue S vs. N and Sm vs. T tables. FPLIST Lists the property table stored for fatigue evaluation. FS Stores fatigue stress components at a node. FSDELE Deletes a stress condition for a fatigue location, event, and loading. FSLIST Lists the stresses stored for fatigue evaluation. FSNODE Calculates and stores the stress components at a node for fatigue. FSPLOT Displays a fatigue stress item for a fatigue location and event. FSSECT Calculates and stores total linearized stress components. FTCALC Performs fatigue calculations for a particular node location. FTSIZE Defines the fatigue data storage array. FTWRITE Writes all currently stored fatigue data on a file. Trace Points These POST1 commands are used to trace particle motions in a flow stream. PLTRAC Displays a particle flow or charged particle trace on an element display. TRPDEL Deletes particle flow or charged particle trace points. TRPLIS Lists the particle flow or charged particle trace points. TRPOIN Defines a point through which a particle flow or charged particle trace will travel. FLOTRAN Processing These POST1 commands are used to postprocess the FLOTRAN CFD results. FLREAD Reads the residual file written by the FLOTRAN CFD option. Special Purpose
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Command Groupings
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These POST1 commands are used for various special purposes. BFINT Activates the body force interpolation operation. CBDOF Activates cut boundary interpolation (for submodeling). Graphically expands displacements, stresses and strains of a cyclically symmetric model partially or though the full 360 degrees by combining the real (original /CYCEXPAND nodes and elements) and imaginary (duplicate nodes and elements) parts of the solution. Provides tools for determining minimum and maximum possible result values CYCPHASE from frequency couplets produced in a modal cyclic symmetry analysis. /EXPAND Allows the creation of a larger graphic display than that which is represented by the actual finite element analysis model. EXPAND Displays the results of a modal cyclic symmetry analysis. FSUM Sums the nodal force and moment contributions of elements. Defines or displays spatial angles of a spherical radiation surface for antenna HFANG parameter calculations. Calculates the electromagnetic field at points exterior to the visual equivalent HFNEAR source surface (Maxwell surface flag). Sets symmetry planes for the computation of high-frequency electromagnetic HFSYM fields in the near and far field domains (beyond the finite element region). INTSRF Integrates nodal results on an exterior surface. KCALC Calculates stress intensity factors in fracture mechanics analyses. NFORCE Sums the nodal forces and moments of elements attached to nodes. PLCRACK Displays cracking and crushing locations in SOLID65 elements. Displays the far electromagnetic field, radar cross section, or antenna pattern PLHFFAR results. PRHFFAR Prints the far electromagnetic field, radar cross section, or antenna pattern results. SPOINT Defines a point for moment summations. Status These POST1 commands are for use with the STAT command. CALC Specifies "Calculation settings" as the subsequent status topic. DATADEF Specifies "Directly defined data status" as the subsequent status topic. DEFINE Specifies "Data definition settings" as the subsequent status topic. DISPLAY Specifies "Display settings" as the subsequent status topic. LCCALC Specifies "Load case settings" as the subsequent status topic. POINT Specifies "Point flow tracing settings" as the subsequent status topic. PRINT Specifies "Print settings" as the subsequent status topic. SORT Specifies "Sort settings" as the subsequent status topic. SPEC Specifies "Miscellaneous specifications" as the subsequent status topic. Prev SOLUTION Commands Prev POST26 Commands Command Groupings Next POST26 Commands Next
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Command Groupings
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2.8. POST26 Commands

The commands in this table are used to postprocess the results with the time-history processor. A brief description of each command is given, along with the page number where the complete command definition can be found. The commands are grouped by functionality. Set Up These POST26 commands are used to store data for processing. Specifies averaged nodal data to be stored from the results file in the solution ANSOL coordinate system. DATA Reads data records from a file into a variable. EDREAD Reads explicit dynamics output into variables for time-history postprocessing. ESOL Specifies element data to be stored from the results file. FILE Specifies the data file where results are to be found. GAPF Defines the gap force data to be stored in a variable. NSOL Specifies nodal data to be stored from the results file. NSTORE Defines which time points are to be stored. NUMVAR Specifies the number of variables allowed in POST26. /POST26 Enters the time-history results postprocessor. RESET Resets all POST1 or POST26 specifications to initial defaults. RFORCE Specifies the total reaction force data to be stored. /RGB Specifies the RGB color values for indices and contours. SOLU Specifies solution summary data per substep to be stored. STORE Stores data in the database for the defined variables. TIMERANGE Specifies the time range for which data are to be stored. VARDEL Deletes a variable (GUI). VARNAM Names (or renames) a variable. Controls These POST26 commands are used to control the calculations of other commands. CFACT Defines complex scaling factors to be used with operations. FORCE Selects the element nodal force type for output. LAYERP26 Specifies the element layer for which data are to be stored. SHELL Selects a shell element or shell layer location for results output. TVAR Changes time to the cumulative iteration number. Operations These POST26 commands are used to perform operations on the stored variables. ABS Forms the absolute value of a variable. ADD Adds variables. ATAN Forms the arctangent of a complex variable. CLOG Forms the common log of a variable CONJUG Forms the complex conjugate of a variable.
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Command Groupings DERIV EXP FILLDATA IMAGIN INT1 LARGE NLOG PROD QUOT REALVAR SMALL SQRT Display These POST26 commands are used to display the results. PLCPLX Specifies the part of a complex variable to display. PLTIME Defines the timerange for which data are to be displayed. PLVAR Displays up to ten variables in the form of a graph. SPREAD Turns on a dashed tolerance curve for the subsequent curve plots. XVAR Specifies the X variable to be displayed. Listing These POST26 commands are used to produce tabular listings of the results. EXTREM Lists the extreme values for variables. LINES Specifies the length of a printed page. NPRINT Defines which time points stored are to be listed. PRCPLX Defines the output form for complex variables. PRTIME Defines the time range for which data are to be listed. PRVAR Lists variables vs. time (or frequency). Special Purpose Differentiates a variable. Forms the exponential of a variable. Fills a variable by a ramp function. Forms an imaginary variable from a complex variable. Integrates a variable. Finds the largest (the envelope) of three variables. Forms the natural log of a variable. Multiplies variables. Divides two variables. Forms a variable using only the real part of a complex variable. Finds the smallest of three variables. Forms the square root of a variable.
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These POST26 commands are used for various special purposes. CVAR Computes covariance between two quantities. PMGTRAN Summarizes electromagnetic results from a transient analysis. RESP Generates a response spectrum. RPSD Computes response power spectral density (PSD). SMOOTH Allows smoothing of noisy data and provides a graphical representation of the data. VGET Moves a variable into an array parameter vector. VPUT Moves an array parameter vector into a variable. Status These POST26 commands are for use with the STAT command.
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Command Groupings DEFINE Specifies "Data definition settings" as the subsequent status topic. OPERATE Specifies "Operation data" as the subsequent status topic. PLOTTING Specifies "Plotting settings" as the subsequent status topic. PRINT Specifies "Print settings" as the subsequent status topic. Prev POST1 Commands Prev AUX2 Commands Command Groupings
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Next AUX2 Commands Next
2.9. AUX2 Commands

The commands in this table are used to examine the contents of binary files produced by the program. A brief description of each command is given, along with the page number where the complete command definition can be found. The commands are grouped by functionality. Binary Files These AUX2 commands are used to dump the contents of binary files. /AUX2 Enters the binary file dumping processor. DUMP Dumps the contents of a binary file. FILEAUX2 Specifies the binary file to be dumped. FORM Specifies the format of the file dump. Prev POST26 Commands Prev AUX3 Commands Command Groupings Next AUX3 Commands Next
2.10. AUX3 Commands

The commands in this table are related to the /AUX3 command. A brief description of each command is given, along with the page number where the complete command definition can be found. AUX3 /AUX3 Enters the results file editing processor. COMPRESS Deletes all specified sets. DELETE Specifies sets in the results file to be deleted before postprocessing. FILEAUX3 Specifies the results file to be edited. LIST Lists out the sets in the results file. UNDELETE Removes results sets from the group of sets selected for editing. Prev Next
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Command Groupings AUX2 Commands Prev AUX12 Commands Command Groupings
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2.11. AUX12 Commands

The commands in this table are used to create a radiation substructure for use in thermal analyses. A brief description of each command is given, along with the page number where the complete command definition can be found. The commands are grouped by functionality. Radiation Substructures These AUX12 commands are used to generate the substructure matric to add radiation effects to a thermal analysis.. /AUX12 Enters the radiation matrix generation processor. EMIS Specifies the emissivity as a material property. GEOM Defines the geometry specifications for the radiation matrix calculation. MPRINT Specifies that radiation matrices are to be printed. SPACE Defines a space node for radiation. STEF Specifies Stefan-Boltzmann radiation constant. VTYPE Specifies the viewing procedure used to determine the form factors. WRITE Writes the radiation matrix file. Prev AUX3 Commands Prev AUX15 Commands Command Groupings Next AUX15 Commands Next
2.12. AUX15 Commands

The commands in this table are used to read in an IGES file for analysis in ANSYS. A brief description of each command is given, along with the page number where the complete command definition can be found. The commands are grouped by functionality. IGES These AUX15 commands read an IGES format file into PREP7 data. /AUX15 Enters the IGES file transfer processor. IGESIN Transfers IGES data from a file into ANSYS. IOPTN Controls options relating to importing a model. Prev AUX12 Commands Prev RUNSTATS Commands Command Groupings Next RUNSTATS Commands Next
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Command Groupings
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2.13. RUNSTATS Commands

The commands in this table are used to estimate run times and file sizes. A brief description of each command is given, along with the page number where the complete command definition can be found. The commands are grouped by functionality. Run Statistics Estimator These RUNSTATS commands are used to calculate estimates of ANSYS program run times and file sizes. RALL Calculates solver statistics and run time estimates. RFILSZ Estimates file sizes. RITER Supplies an estimate of the number of iterations for time estimates. RMEMRY Prints memory statistics for the current model. RSPEED Supplies system performance information for use in time estimates. RSTAT Prints the FE model statistics of the model. RTIMST Prints runtime estimates. /RUNST Enters the run statistics processor. RWFRNT Generates wavefront statistics and memory requirements. Prev AUX15 Commands Prev OPTIMIZATION Commands Command Groupings Next OPTIMIZATION Commands Next
2.14. OPTIMIZATION Commands

The commands in this table are used for design optimization analyses. A brief description of each command is given, along with the page number where the complete command definition can be found. The commands are grouped by functionality. Specifications These OPTIMIZATION commands set up the design optimization variables. OPEQN Controls curve fitting for the subproblem approximation method. OPFACT Defines the type of factorial evaluation to be performed. OPFRST Defines specifications for the first order optimization method. OPGRAD Specifies which design set will be used for gradient evaluation. OPKEEP Specifies whether to save the best -set results and database file. OPLOOP Specifies controls for optimization looping. OPPRNT Activates detailed optimization summary printout. OPRAND Defines the number of iterations for a random optimization. OPSUBP Defines number of iterations for subproblem approximation method. OPSWEEP Specifies the reference point and number of evaluation points for a sweep generation.
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Command Groupings /OPT OPTYPE OPUSER OPVAR TOCOMP TODEF TOFREQ TOTYPE TOVAR Operations These OPTIMIZATION commands operate on the design optimization variables. OPADD Forms a set of optimization parameters by adding two sets. OPCLR Clears the optimization database. OPDEL Deletes optimization design sets. OPMAKE Creates a design set using active scalar parameter values. OPSEL Selects design sets for subsequent optimization looping. Files These OPTIMIZATION commands operate on the design optimization files. OPANL Defines the analysis file to be used for optimization looping. OPDATA Identifies the file where optimization data is to be saved. OPRESU Reads optimization data into the optimization database. OPSAVE Writes all optimization data to a file. Run These OPTIMIZATION commands perform the design optimization analysis. OPEXE Initiates optimization looping. TOEXE Executes one topological optimization iteration. TOLOOP Execute several topological optimizations iterations. Display
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Enters the design optimizer. Specifies the optimization method to be used. Defines specifications for user-supplied external optimization. Specifies the parameters to be treated as optimization variables. Defines single or multiple compliance as the topological optimization function. Defines parameters for and initializes topological optimization. Defines single or mean frequency formulation as the topological optimization function. Specifies solution method for topological optimization. Specifies the objective and constraints for the topological optimization problem.
These OPTIMIZATION commands are used to display the optimization results as plots. OPLFA Displays the results of a factorial evaluation. OPLGR Graphs the results of a gradient evaluation. OPLIST Displays the parameters for design sets. OPLSW Graphs the results of a global sweep generation. OPRFA Prints the results of a factorial evaluation. OPRGR Prints the results of a gradient evaluation. OPRSW Prints the results of a global sweep generation. PLVAROPT Displays up to ten parameters in the form of a graph.
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Command Groupings PRVAROPT TOGRAPH TOLIST TOPLOT TOPRINT TOSTAT XVAROPT Lists up to ten optimization parameters. Plots iteration solution of topological optimization. Lists all topological optimization functions currently defined. Plot current topological density distribution. Print iteration solution history of topological optimization. Displays topological optimization status and results information. Specifies the parameter to be used as the X-axis variable.
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Prev RUNSTATS Commands Prev
Next PROBABILISTIC Design Commands PROBABILISTIC Design Commands Command Groupings Next
2.15. PROBABILISTIC Design Commands

Deterministic Model The following PDS commands allow the specification of the deterministic model. PDANL Defines the analysis file to be used for probabilistic looping. Probabilistic Pre-processing The following PDS commands allow the specification and visualization of the probabilistic model. PDCORR Specifies the correlation between two random input variables. PDINQR Retrieves a value and stores it as a user-parameter. PDPLOT Plots the distribution curves of a defined random input variable. PDVAR Specifies the parameters to be treated as probabilistic design variables. Probabilistic Methods The following PDS commands allow the specification of the probabilistic methods and their options used in a probabilistic analysis. PDBBM Specifies options for a Box-Behnken matrix design. PDCCD Specifies options for a central composite design. PDDMCS Specifies options for Monte Carlo Simulations. PDMETH Specifies the probabilistic analysis method. PDUSER Specifies options for user-specified sampling methods. Run Probabilistic Analysis The following PDS commands allow the execution of a probabilistic analysis. PDEXE Executes the probabilistic analysis. Probabilistic Post-processing The following PDS commands allow the probabilistic post-processing and the visualization of the file://D:\Documents%20and%20Settings\Administrator\Local%20Settings\Temp\~hh... 20.05.2004
Command Groupings probabilistic results PDCDF Plots the cumulative distribution function. PDCMAT Prints the correlation coefficient matrix. PDHIST Plots the frequency histogram. PDPINV Prints the result of the inversion of a probability. PDPROB Prints a probability result. PDROPT Specifies the options for an HTML report. PDSCAT Plots a scatter graph. PDSENS Plots the probabilistic sensitivities. PDSHIS Plots sample history values. PDWRITE Generates an HTML report for the probabilistic analysis. Probabilistic Database The following PDS commands provide access to the probabilistic database. PDCLR Clears the probabilistic design database. PDRESU Reads the probabilistic model data and stores it in the database. PDSAVE Writes the probabilistic model data to a file. Response Surface
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The following PDS commands allow the evaluation, visualization, and use of the response surfaces. RSFIT Fit a response surface for an output parameter in a solution set. RSPLOT Plot a response surface. RSPRNT Print a response surface. RSSIMS Performs Monte Carlo simulations on response surface(s). Auxiliary Commands and Information The following commands are helpful for using the PDS. /PDS Enters the probabilistic design system. Prev OPTIMIZATION Commands Prev DISPLAY Program Commands Command Groupings Next DISPLAY Program Commands Next
2.16. DISPLAY Program Commands

The commands in this table are used for the DISPLAY program. The DISPLAY program is a companion program to ANSYS, used for recovering graphics displays produced within ANSYS. A brief description of each command is given, along with the page number where the complete command definition can be found. The commands are grouped by functionality. Set Up
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Command Groupings These DISPLAY commands are used to set up the DISPLAY program. /CMAP Changes an existing or creates a new color mapping table. /DEVDISP Controls graphics device options. FILEDISP Specifies the file containing the graphics data. HELPDISP Displays help information on DISPLAY program commands. NOCOLOR Removes color from graphics displays. /SEG Allows graphics data to be stored in the local terminal memory. /SHOWDISP Defines the display driver name. TRANS Reformats File.GRPH for improved performance with plotters. Driver Options
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These DISPLAY commands are used to specify the graphics driver and options for subsequent plots. TERM Specifies various terminal driver options. Action These DISPLAY commands are used to produce the plots and exit the program. FINISH Exits normally from a processor. PLOT Forms a display. STAT Displays the status of database settings. Prev PROBABILISTIC Design Commands Next Command Dictionary
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Command Dictionary Command Dictionary ANSYS Commands Reference
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Chapter 3. Command Dictionary

This chapter contains a dictionary of the ANSYS commands, listed in alphabetical order. The star (*) and slash (/) of the star and slash commands are ignored for alphabetization (for example, the /SHOW command appears between the SHELL and SHPP commands). As in a dictionary, keywords are located at the top of each page (in the printed version only) indicating the first and last commands contained on that page. The following section documents the components of a command description.
3.1. Components of a Command Description

SAMPLECMD, Key
Specifies whether to use automatic time stepping or load stepping.
SOLUTION:Load Step Options
MP ME ST DY PR EM FL PP ED
Argument Descriptions
Key
Automatic time stepping key: OFF -Do not use automatic time stepping ON -Use automatic time stepping. Default: No automatic time stepping.
Notes
Specifies whether to use automatic time stepping (or load stepping) over this load step. If Key = ON, both time step prediction and time step bisection will be used. Used only if DTIME (specified on the DELTIM command) is less than the time span or conversely, if NSBSTP (on the NSUBST command) is greater than one. This command is also valid in PREP7.
Product Restrictions
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Command Dictionary In ANSYS/Professional, Key is automatically set to ON and cannot be changed.
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Menu Paths
Main Menu>Preprocessor>Loads>Time/Frequenc>Freq and Substps Main Menu>Preprocessor>Loads>Time/Frequenc>Time - Time Step Main Menu>Solution>Time/Frequenc>Freq and Substps Main Menu>Solution>Time/Frequenc>Time - Time Step
3.1.1. Features Documented in ANSYS Commands

The first line of the command description shows the command name followed by the argument names (if any). The second line summarizes the command function. The summary is not intended to be all inclusive:
SAMPLECMD, Key
Specifies whether to use automatic time stepping or load stepping. Listed on the next line are codes that will help you find other commands in the program with related functionality.
SOLUTION:Load
Step Options
MP ME ST DY PR EM FL PP ED "SOLUTION:Load Step Options" is the code in the example above. There is at least one group code for each command. The first portion of the code before the colon (:) tells which of the tables in Command Groupings the command can be found in. These are major groupings, such as PREP7 or APDL commands. In the example above, SOLUTION commands are found in SOLUTION Commands. Most of these major groupings are processors, and in those cases it is implied that the command can be entered only when in that processor. Any exceptions are noted under "Notes" later in the description. The second portion of the code, after the colon, is the subtable in Command Groupings containing the command. The subtables list commands that relate to each other in function. In the example, the code "Load Step Options" means that other commands related to load step options can be found in that subtable of SOLUTION Commands (Load Step Options). If you are viewing this manual in the ANSYS Help System, just click on the code to follow the link to the corresponding table. Then click on any of the commands in the table, to follow the link to its description. If you are reading the printed version, simply turn to the appropriate table in Command Groupings. The table lists the page number where the command is documented. The next line displays a series of product codes, which may contain all of the ANSYS product codes: MP ME ST DY PR EM FL PP ED or a subset of them:
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Command Dictionary MP ME ST PR EM PP ED For more information on product codes, see Product Codes.
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Following this "product code" line is the description of all arguments, if any, of the command: Key Automatic time stepping key: OFF -Do not use automatic time stepping (default). ON -Use automatic time stepping. The argument is described and, where necessary, valid choices for the argument are described. Many arguments list defaults, which are the values assumed for that argument if you enter the command but leave the argument blank. On the other hand, shown after the argument descriptions is often another default:
Command Default
No automatic time stepping. This is the command default. This is the specification assumed by the program if you do not enter the command at all. Only commands that set specifications (specification commands) have defaults listed. Commands that cause some action, such as performing some calculation, are called action commands and simply do not perform the action if the command is not entered. Defaults are not listed for action commands. Following the default listing are any notes about the command. These notes expand on the summary description given up near the command format, and describe any other behavior, restrictions, suggestions, etc. of that command:
Notes
Specifies whether to use automatic time stepping (or load stepping) over this load step. If Key = ON, both time step prediction and time step bisection will be used. Used only if DTIME (specified on the DELTIM command) is less than the time span or conversely, if NSBSTP (on the NSUBST command) is greater than one. This command is also valid in PREP7. If the command behaves differently, or has restrictions, in any of the various ANSYS products, those differences are described in the Product Restrictions section: In ANSYS/Professional, Key is automatically set to ON and cannot be changed.
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Menu Paths
Main Menu>Preprocessor>Loads>Time/Frequenc>Freq and Substps Main Menu>Preprocessor>Loads>Time/Frequenc>Time - Time Step Main Menu>Solution>Time/Frequenc>Freq and Substps Main Menu>Solution>Time/Frequenc>Time - Time Step These menu paths are intended as guides to help you find the commands in the GUI. Be aware, however, that often the paths are valid only if some other command has been previously issued. For example, you won't be able to follow a path to transient analysis options if you have not selected a transient analysis in the first place. Not all commands are directly accessible through the menu (although some of them may be generated indirectly by some menu function). Such cases are indicated by the following statement in the menu path listing:
Menu Paths
This command cannot be accessed directly in the menu.
Prev DISPLAY Program Commands
Next A Commands
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Command Dictionary Command Dictionary ANSYS Commands Reference
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Chapter 3. Command Dictionary

This chapter contains a dictionary of the ANSYS commands, listed in alphabetical order. The star (*) and slash (/) of the star and slash commands are ignored for alphabetization (for example, the /SHOW command appears between the SHELL and SHPP commands). As in a dictionary, keywords are located at the top of each page (in the printed version only) indicating the first and last commands contained on that page. The following section documents the components of a command description.
3.1. Components of a Command Description

SAMPLECMD, Key
Specifies whether to use automatic time stepping or load stepping.
SOLUTION:Load Step Options
MP ME ST DY PR EM FL PP ED
Key
Automatic time stepping key: OFF -Do not use automatic time stepping ON -Use automatic time stepping. Default: No automatic time stepping.
Notes
Specifies whether to use automatic time stepping (or load stepping) over this load step. If Key = ON, both time step prediction and time step bisection will be used. Used only if DTIME (specified on the DELTIM command) is less than the time span or conversely, if NSBSTP (on the NSUBST command) is greater than one. This command is also valid in PREP7.
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Command Dictionary In ANSYS/Professional, Key is automatically set to ON and cannot be changed.
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Menu Paths
Main Menu>Preprocessor>Loads>Time/Frequenc>Freq and Substps Main Menu>Preprocessor>Loads>Time/Frequenc>Time - Time Step Main Menu>Solution>Time/Frequenc>Freq and Substps Main Menu>Solution>Time/Frequenc>Time - Time Step
3.1.1. Features Documented in ANSYS Commands

The first line of the command description shows the command name followed by the argument names (if any). The second line summarizes the command function. The summary is not intended to be all inclusive:
SAMPLECMD, Key
Specifies whether to use automatic time stepping or load stepping. Listed on the next line are codes that will help you find other commands in the program with related functionality.
SOLUTION:Load
Step Options
MP ME ST DY PR EM FL PP ED "SOLUTION:Load Step Options" is the code in the example above. There is at least one group code for each command. The first portion of the code before the colon (:) tells which of the tables in Command Groupings the command can be found in. These are major groupings, such as PREP7 or APDL commands. In the example above, SOLUTION commands are found in SOLUTION Commands. Most of these major groupings are processors, and in those cases it is implied that the command can be entered only when in that processor. Any exceptions are noted under "Notes" later in the description. The second portion of the code, after the colon, is the subtable in Command Groupings containing the command. The subtables list commands that relate to each other in function. In the example, the code "Load Step Options" means that other commands related to load step options can be found in that subtable of SOLUTION Commands (Load Step Options). If you are viewing this manual in the ANSYS Help System, just click on the code to follow the link to the corresponding table. Then click on any of the commands in the table, to follow the link to its description. If you are reading the printed version, simply turn to the appropriate table in Command Groupings. The table lists the page number where the command is documented. The next line displays a series of product codes, which may contain all of the ANSYS product codes: MP ME ST DY PR EM FL PP ED or a subset of them:
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Following this "product code" line is the description of all arguments, if any, of the command: Key Automatic time stepping key: OFF -Do not use automatic time stepping (default). ON -Use automatic time stepping. The argument is described and, where necessary, valid choices for the argument are described. Many arguments list defaults, which are the values assumed for that argument if you enter the command but leave the argument blank. On the other hand, shown after the argument descriptions is often another default:
Command Default
No automatic time stepping. This is the command default. This is the specification assumed by the program if you do not enter the command at all. Only commands that set specifications (specification commands) have defaults listed. Commands that cause some action, such as performing some calculation, are called action commands and simply do not perform the action if the command is not entered. Defaults are not listed for action commands. Following the default listing are any notes about the command. These notes expand on the summary description given up near the command format, and describe any other behavior, restrictions, suggestions, etc. of that command:
Notes
Specifies whether to use automatic time stepping (or load stepping) over this load step. If Key = ON, both time step prediction and time step bisection will be used. Used only if DTIME (specified on the DELTIM command) is less than the time span or conversely, if NSBSTP (on the NSUBST command) is greater than one. This command is also valid in PREP7. If the command behaves differently, or has restrictions, in any of the various ANSYS products, those differences are described in the Product Restrictions section: In ANSYS/Professional, Key is automatically set to ON and cannot be changed.
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Menu Paths
Main Menu>Preprocessor>Loads>Time/Frequenc>Freq and Substps Main Menu>Preprocessor>Loads>Time/Frequenc>Time - Time Step Main Menu>Solution>Time/Frequenc>Freq and Substps Main Menu>Solution>Time/Frequenc>Time - Time Step These menu paths are intended as guides to help you find the commands in the GUI. Be aware, however, that often the paths are valid only if some other command has been previously issued. For example, you won't be able to follow a path to transient analysis options if you have not selected a transient analysis in the first place. Not all commands are directly accessible through the menu (although some of them may be generated indirectly by some menu function). Such cases are indicated by the following statement in the menu path listing:
Menu Paths
This command cannot be accessed directly in the menu.
Prev DISPLAY Program Commands
Next A Commands
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A Commands
Table of Contents A AADD AATT *ABBR ABBRES ABBSAV ABS ACCAT ACEL ACLEAR ADAPT ADD ADDAM ADELE ADGL ADRAG AESIZE AFILLT AFLIST AFSURF *AFUN AGEN AGLUE AINA AINP AINV AL ALIST ALLSEL ALPFILL ALPHAD AMAP AMESH /AN3D ANCNTR ANCUT ANDATA ANDSCL ANDYNA /ANFILE ANFLOW /ANGLE ANHARM
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A Commands ANIM ANISOS ANMODE /ANNOT ANORM ANSOL ANTIME ANTYPE /ANUM AOFFST AOVLAP APLOT APPEND APTN ARCLEN ARCOLLAPSE ARCTRM ARDETACH AREAS AREFINE AREVERSE ARFILL ARMERGE AROTAT ARSCALE ARSPLIT ARSYM ASBA ASBL ASBV ASBW ASEL *ASK ASKIN ASLL ASLV /ASSIGN ASUB ASUM ATAN ATRAN ATYPE /AUTO AUTOTS /AUX2 /AUX3 /AUX12 /AUX15 AVPRIN AVRES /AXLAB
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A
Name
A, P1, P2, P3, P4, P5, P6, P7, P8, P9, P10, P11, P12, P13, P14, P15, P16, P17, P18 Defines an area by connecting keypoints. group: PREP7:Areas product: MP ME ST DY PR EM FL PP ED
P1, P2, P3, P4, P5, P6, P7, P8, P9, P10, P11, P12, P13, P14, P15, P16, P17, P18
List of keypoints defining the area (18 maximum if using keyboard entry). At least 3 keypoints must be entered. If P1 = P, graphical picking is enabled and all remaining arguments are ignored (valid only in the GUI).
Notes
Keypoints ( P1 through P18) must be input in a clockwise or counter-clockwise order around the area. This order also determines the positive normal direction of the area according to the right-hand rule. Existing lines between adjacent keypoints will be used; missing lines are generated "straight" in the active coordinate system and assigned the lowest available numbers [NUMSTR]. If more than one line exists between two keypoints, the shorter one will be chosen. If the area is to be defined with more than four keypoints, the required keypoints and lines must lie on a constant coordinate value in the active coordinate system (such as a plane or a cylinder). Areas may be redefined only if not yet attached to a volume. Solid modeling in a toroidal coordinate system is not recommended.
Menu Paths
Main Menu>Preprocessor>Create>Arbitrary>Through KPs
Prev A Commands Prev AADD A Commands
Next AADD Next
AADD
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Name
AADD, NA1, NA2, NA3, NA4, NA5, NA6, NA7, NA8, NA9 Adds separate areas to create a single area. group: PREP7:Booleans product: MP ME ST DY PR EM FL PP ED
NA1, NA2, NA3, NA4, NA5, NA6, NA7, NA8, NA9
Numbers of areas to be added. If NA1 = ALL, add all selected areas and ignore NA2 to NA9. If NA1 = P, graphical picking is enabled and all remaining arguments are ignored (valid only in the GUI). A component name may also be substituted for NA1.
Notes
The areas must be coplanar. The original areas (and their corresponding lines and keypoints) will be deleted by default. See the BOPTN command for the options available to Boolean operations. Element attributes and solid model boundary conditions assigned to the original entities will not be transferred to the new entities generated. Concatenated entities are not valid with this command.
Menu Paths
Main Menu>Preprocessor>Operate>Add>Areas
Prev A Prev AATT A Commands
Next AATT Next
AATT
Name
AATT, MAT, REAL, TYPE, ESYS, SECN Associates element attributes with the selected, unmeshed areas. group: PREP7:Meshing product: MP ME ST DY PR EM FL PP ED
MAT
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REAL
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The real constant set number to be associated with selected, unmeshed areas.
TYPE
The type number to be associated with selected, unmeshed areas.

ESYS
The coordinate system number to be associated with selected, unmeshed areas.

SECN
The section number to be associated with selected unmeshed areas.
Notes
Areas subsequently generated from the areas will also have these attributes. These element attributes will be used when the areas are meshed. If an area does not have attributes associated with it (by this command) at the time it is meshed, the attributes are obtained from the then current MAT, REAL , TYPE, ESYS, and SECNUM command settings. Reissue the AATT command (before areas are meshed) to change the attributes. A zero (or blank) argument removes the corresponding association. If any of the arguments MAT, REAL, TYPE, ESYS, or SECN are defined as -1, then that value will be left unchanged in the selected set. In some cases, ANSYS can proceed with an area meshing operation even when no logical element type has been assigned via AATT,,,TYPE or TYPE. For more information, see the discussion on setting element attributes in Meshing Your Solid Model in the ANSYS Modeling and Meshing Guide.
Menu Paths
Main Menu>Preprocessor>Define>All Areas Main Menu>Preprocessor>Define>Picked Areas
Prev AADD Prev *ABBR A Commands
Next *ABBR Next
*ABBR
Name
*ABBR, Abbr, String Defines an abbreviation.
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Abbr
The abbreviation (up to 8 alphanumeric characters) used to represent the string String. If Abbr is the same as an existing ANSYS command, the abbreviation overrides. Avoid using an Abbr which is the same as an ANSYS command.
String
String of characters (60 maximum) represented by Abbr. Cannot include a $ or any of the commands C***, /COM, /GOPR, /NOPR, /QUIT, /UI, or *END. Parameter names and commands of the *DO and Use the *IF groups may not be abbreviated. If String is blank, the abbreviation is deleted. To abbreviate multiple commands, create an "unknown command" macro or define String to execute a macro file [*USE] containing the desired commands.
Notes
Once the abbreviation Abbr is defined, you can issue it at the beginning of a command line and follow it with a blank (or with a comma and appended data), and the program will substitute the string String for Abbr as the line is executed. Up to 100 abbreviations may exist at any time and are available throughout the program. Abbreviations may be redefined or deleted at any time. Use *STATUS to display the current list of abbreviations. For abbreviations repeated with *REPEAT, substitution occurs before the repeat increments are applied. There are a number of abbreviations that are predefined by the program (these can be deleted by using the blank String option described above). Note that String will be written to the File.LOG. This command is valid in any processor.
Menu Paths
Utility Menu>Macro>Edit Abbreviations Utility Menu>MenuCtrls>Edit Toolbar
Prev AATT Prev ABBRES A Commands
Next ABBRES Next
ABBRES
Name
A Commands ABBRES, Lab, Fname, Ext, Dir Reads abbreviations from a coded file. group: APDL:Abbreviations product: MP ME ST DY PR EM FL PP ED
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Lab
Label that specifies the read operation: NEW -Replace current abbreviation set with these abbreviations (default). CHANGE -Extend current abbreviation set with these abbreviations, replacing any of the same name that already exist.
Fname
File name (32 characters maximum). The file name defaults to Jobname.
Ext
Filename extension (8 character maximum). The extension defaults to ABBR if Fname is blank.
Dir
Directory name (64 characters maximum). Defaults to current directory.
Notes
The abbreviation file may have been written with the ABBSAV command. Do not issue ABBRES,NEW while inside an executing abbreviation. Doing so will cause all data for the executing abreviation to be deleted. This command is valid in any processor.
Menu Paths
Utility Menu>Macro>Restore Abbr Utility Menu>MenuCtrls>Restore Toolbar
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ABBSAV
Name
ABBSAV, Lab, Fname, Ext, Dir Writes the current abbreviation set to a coded file. group: APDL:Abbreviations product: MP ME ST DY PR EM FL PP ED
Lab
Label that specifies the write operation: ALL -Write all abbreviations (default).
Fname
Ext
Filename extension (8 character maximum). The extension defaults to ABBR if Fname is blank.
Dir
Notes
Existing abbreviations on this file, if any, will be overwritten. The abbreviation file may be read with the ABBRES command. This command is valid in any processor.
Menu Paths
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A Commands Utility Menu>Macro>Save Abbr Utility Menu>MenuCtrls>Save Toolbar
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Prev ABBRES Prev ABS A Commands
Next ABS Next
ABS
Name
ABS, IR, IA, --, --, Name, --, --, FACTA Forms the absolute value of a variable. group: POST26:Operations product: MP ME ST DY PR EM FL PP ED
IR
Arbitrary reference number assigned to the resulting variable (2 to NV [NUMVAR]). If this number is the same as for a previously defined variable, the previously defined variable will be overwritten with this result.
IA
Reference number of the variable to be operated on.

--, --
Unused fields.
Name
Thirty-two character name for identifying the variable on the printout and displays. Embedded blanks are compressed upon output.
--, --
Unused fields.
FACTA
Scaling factor (positive or negative) applied to variable IA (defaults to 1.0).
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Notes
The new variable is calculated as:
IR
= |FACTA x IA|
For a complex number (a+ib), the absolute value is the magnitude, where the IA values are obtained from . See the ANSYS, Inc. Theory Reference for details.
Menu Paths
Main Menu>TimeHist Postpro>Math Operations>Absolute Value
Prev ABBSAV Prev ACCAT A Commands
Next ACCAT Next
ACCAT
Name
ACCAT, NA1, NA2 Concatenates multiple areas in preparation for mapped meshing. group: PREP7:Meshing product: MP ME ST DY PR EM FL PP ED
NA1, NA2
Areas to be concatenated. If NA1 = ALL, NA2 will be ignored and all selected areas [ASEL] will be concatenated. If NA1 = P, graphical picking is enabled and all remaining arguments are ignored (valid only in the GUI). A component name may also be substituted for NA1 ( NA2 is ignored).
Notes
Concatenates multiple, adjacent areas (the input areas) into one area (the output area) in preparation for mapped meshing. A volume that contains too many areas for mapped meshing can still be mapped meshed if some of the areas in that volume are first concatenated (see Meshing Your Solid Model in the ANSYS Modeling and Meshing Guide for details on mapped meshing restrictions). Because of modeling restrictions that result from its use, ACCAT is meant to be used solely for meshing. Specifically, (a) the output area and any volumes that have the output area on their area list
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[VLIST] cannot be used as input to any other solid modeling operation (not even another ACCAT command); and (b) the output area cannot accept solid model boundary conditions [DA, SFA]. The output area (or volumes which contain it) will be meshed [AMESH,VMESH] by meshing the input areas, which themselves must be meshable. The output area from the ACCAT operation will be coincident with the input areas and the input areas will be retained. Consider the AADD command instead of ACCAT if you wish to delete the input areas. When an ACCAT command is issued, volume area lists [VLIST] that contain all of the input areas will be updated so that the volume area lists refer to the output area instead of the the input area. Deletion of the output area [ADELE] effectively reverses the ACCAT operation and restores volume area lists to their original condition. ACCAT operations on pairs of adjacent four-sided areas automatically concatenate appropriate lines [LCCAT]; in all other situations, line concatenations must be addressed by the user. You can use the ASEL command to select areas that were created by concatenation, and then follow it with an ADELE,ALL command to delete them. See Meshing Your Solid Model in the ANSYS Modeling and Meshing Guide for a discussion on how to easily select and delete concatenated areas in one step.
Menu Paths
Main Menu>Preprocessor>Concatenate>Areas Main Menu>Preprocessor>Delete>Areas Main Menu>Preprocessor>Mesh>Mapped>Areas
Prev ABS Prev ACEL A Commands
Next ACEL Next
ACEL
Name
ACEL, ACELX, ACELY , ACELZ Specifies the linear acceleration of the structure. group: SOLUTION:Inertia product: MP ME ST PR FL PP ED
ACELX, ACELY, ACELZ
Linear acceleration of the structure in the global Cartesian X, Y, and Z axis directions.
Notes
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Related commands for rotational effects are CGLOC, CGOMGA , DCGOMG, DOMEGA, and OMEGA. Defines the linear acceleration of the structure in each of the global Cartesian axis directions. To simulate gravity (by using inertial effects), accelerate the structure in the direction opposite to gravity. For example, apply a positive ACELY to simulate gravity acting in the negative Y direction. Units are length/time2 . Accelerations may be defined in analysis types ANTYPE,STATIC; ANTYPE,HARMIC (except reduced); ANTYPE,TRANS; and ANTYPE,SUBSTR. For all but the reduced transient dynamic (ANTYPE,TRANS) analysis, accelerations are combined with the element mass matrices to form a body force load vector term. The element mass matrix may be formed from a mass input constant or from a nonzero density (DENS) property, depending upon the element type. Units of acceleration and mass must be consistent to give a product of force units. For analysis type ANTYPE,HARMIC, the acceleration is assumed to be the real component with a zero imaginary component. For ANTYPE,TRANS (reduced), the acceleration is applied to the reduced mass matrix. This command is also valid in PREP7.
Menu Paths
Main Menu>Preprocessor>FLOTRAN Set Up>Flow Environment>Gravity Main Menu>Preprocessor>Loads>Apply>Gravity Main Menu>Preprocessor>Loads>Delete>Gravity Main Menu>Solution>Apply>Gravity Main Menu>Solution>Delete>Gravity Main Menu>Solution>FLOTRAN Set Up>Flow Environment>Gravity
Prev ACCAT Prev ACLEAR A Commands
Next ACLEAR Next
ACLEAR
Name
ACLEAR, NA1, NA2, NINC Deletes nodes and area elements associated with selected areas. group: PREP7:Meshing product: MP ME ST DY PR EM FL PP ED
NA1, NA2, NINC
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Delete mesh for areas NA1 to NA2 (defaults to NA1) in steps of NINC (defaults to 1). If NA1 = ALL, NA2 and NINC are ignored and the mesh for all selected areas [ ASEL] is deleted. If NA1 = P, graphical picking is enabled and all remaining arguments are ignored (valid only in the GUI). A component name may also be substituted for NA1 (NA2 and NINC are ignored).
Notes
Deletes all nodes and area elements associated with selected areas (regardless of whether the nodes or elements are selected). Nodes shared by adjacent meshed areas and nodes associated with nonarea elements will not be deleted. Attributes assigned as a result of AATT are maintained. In the program's response to the command, if an area, line, or keypoint is tallied as "cleared," it means either its node or element reference was deleted.
Menu Paths
Main Menu>Preprocessor>Clear>Areas
Prev ACEL Prev ADAPT A Commands
Next ADAPT Next
ADAPT
Name
ADAPT, NSOLN, STARGT, TTARGT, FACMN, FACMX, KYKPS, KYMAC Adaptively meshes and solves a model. group: SOLUTION:Analysis Options product: MP ME ST PR ED
NSOLN
Number of solutions allowed (1 or more) (defaults to 5).

STARGT
Target percentage for structural percent error in energy norm (SEPC) (defaults to 5). If -1, no target value is used.
TTARGT
Target percentage for thermal percent error in energy norm (TEPC) (defaults to 1). If -1, no
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FACMN
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Minimum factor for the keypoint element size changes (defaults to 0.25).
FACMX
Maximum factor for the keypoint element size changes (defaults to 2.0).
KYKPS
Specifies whether element size is to be modified at selected keypoints: 0 -Modify element size regardless of selected keypoint set (default). 1 -Modify element size only at selected keypoints.
KYMAC
Specifies which user-written auxiliary macro files are to be used: 0 -Ignore user-written auxiliary macro files, if any (default). 1 -Use user-written auxiliary macro files (if they exist) as follows: Use ADAPTMSH.MAC instead of the default meshing command sequence. Use ADAPTSOL.MAC instead of the default solution command sequence (/SOLU...SOLVE...FINISH).
Notes
ADAPT invokes a predefined ANSYS macro for adaptive meshing and solution. The macro causes repeated runs of the PREP7, SOLUTION, and POST1 phases of the ANSYS program with mesh density refinements based upon the percentage error in energy norm. See the ANSYS Advanced Analysis Techniques Guide for additional details. After the adaptive meshing process is complete, the ADAPT macro automatically turns element shape checking on (SHPP,ON). A copy of the macro, called UADAPT.MAC, is available on the ANSYS distribution medium (system dependent), and may be copied and modified by the user to suit a particular need. The modified file should be given a suitable name (cmd.MAC) and run as described above with the ADAPT command name replaced by your "cmd" name. This command is also valid at the Begin level.
Menu Paths
Main Menu>Solution>Adaptive Mesh
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Prev ACLEAR Prev ADD A Commands
Next ADD Next
ADD
Name
ADD, IR, IA, IB, IC, Name, --, --, FACTA, FACTB, FACTC Adds variables. group: POST26:Operations product: MP ME ST DY PR EM FL PP ED
IR
IA, IB, IC
Reference numbers of the three variables to be operated on. If only two variables, leave IC blank. If only one, leave IB and IC blank.
Name
--, --
Unused fields.
FACTA, FACTB, FACTC
Scaling factors (positive or negative) applied to the corresponding variables (default to 1.0).
Notes
Adds variables (up to three at once) according to the operation.
Menu Paths
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A Commands Main Menu>Drop Test>Time History>Graph Variables Main Menu>Drop Test>Time History>List Variables Main Menu>TimeHist Postpro>Math Operations>Add
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Prev ADAPT Prev ADDAM A Commands
Next ADDAM Next
ADDAM
Name
ADDAM, AF, AA, AB, AC, AD, AMIN Specifies the acceleration spectrum computation constants for the analysis of shock resistance of shipboard structures. group: SOLUTION:Spectrum Options product: MP ME ST PP ED
AF
Direction-dependent acceleration coefficient for elastic or elastic-plastic analysis option (default = 0).
AA, AB, AC, AD
Coefficients for the DDAM acceleration spectrum equations. See the ANSYS, Inc. Theory Reference. Default for these coefficients is zero.
AMIN
The minimum acceleration value in inch/sec 2 . It defaults to 2316 inch/sec2 which equals 6g, where g is acceleration due to gravity ( g = 386 inch/sec 2).
Notes
This command specifies acceleration coefficients to analyze shock resistance of shipboard equipment. These coefficients are used to compute mode coefficients according to the equations given in Section 17.7.4 of the ANSYS, Inc. Theory Reference. The form of these equations is based on the Naval NRL Dynamic Design Analysis Method. This command, along with the VDDAM and SED commands, is used with the spectrum (ANTYPE,SPECTR) analysis as a special purpose alternative to the SV, FREQ, and SVTYP commands. The mass and length units of the model must be in pounds and inches, respectively.
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A Commands This command is also valid in PREP7.
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Menu Paths
Main Menu>Preprocessor>Loads>Spectrum>DDAM Options Main Menu>Solution>Spectrum>DDAM Options
Prev ADD Prev ADELE A Commands
Next ADELE Next
ADELE
Name
ADELE, NA1, NA2, NINC, KSWP Deletes unmeshed areas. group: PREP7:Areas product: MP ME ST DY PR EM FL PP ED
NA1, NA2, NINC
Delete areas from NA1 to NA2 (defaults to NA1) in steps of NINC (defaults to 1). If NA1 = ALL, NA2 and NINC are ignored and all selected areas [ASEL] are deleted. If NA1 = P, graphical picking is enabled and all remaining arguments are ignored (valid only in the GUI). A component name may also be substituted for NA1 ( NA2 and NINC are ignored).
KSWP
Specifies whether keypoints and lines are also to be deleted: 0 -Delete areas only (default). 1 -Delete areas, as well as keypoints and lines attached to specified areas but not shared by other areas.
Notes
An area attached to a volume cannot be deleted unless the volume is first deleted.
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A Commands
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Menu Paths
Main Menu>Preprocessor>Delete>Area and Below Main Menu>Preprocessor>Delete>Areas Only Main Menu>Preprocessor>Topo Repair>Delete>Area and Below Main Menu>Preprocessor>Topo Repair>Delete>Areas Only
Prev ADDAM Prev ADGL A Commands
Next ADGL Next
ADGL
Name
ADGL, NA1, NA2, NINC Lists keypoints of an area that lie on a parametric degeneracy. group: PREP7:Areas product: MP ME ST DY PR EM FL PP ED
NA1, NA2, NINC
List keypoints that lie on a parametric degeneracy on areas from NA1 to NA2 (defaults to NA1) in steps of NINC (defaults to 1). If NA1 = ALL (default), NA2 and NINC will be ignored and keypoints on all selected areas [ASEL] will be listed. If NA1 = P, graphical picking is enabled and all remaining arguments are ignored (valid only in the GUI). A component name may be substituted in NA1 (NA2 and NINC will be ignored).
Notes
See the ANSYS Modeling and Meshing Guide for details on parametric degeneracies. This command is valid in any processor.
Menu Paths
Main Menu>Preprocessor>Check Geom>Show Degeneracy>List Degen Areas Main Menu>Preprocessor>Operate>Show Degeneracy>List Degen Areas
Prev
Next
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A Commands ADELE Prev ADRAG A Commands
Page 19 of 114 ADRAG Next
ADRAG
Name
ADRAG, NL1, NL2, NL3, NL4, NL5, NL6, NLP1, NLP2, NLP3, NLP4, NLP5, NLP6 Generates areas by dragging a line pattern along a path. group: PREP7:Areas product: MP ME ST DY PR EM FL PP ED
NL1, NL2, NL3, NL4, NL5, NL6
List of lines in the pattern to be dragged (6 maximum if using keyboard entry). Lines should form a continuous pattern (no more than two lines connected to any one keypoint. If NL1 = P, graphical picking is enabled and all remaining arguments are ignored (valid only in the GUI). If NL1 = ALL, all selected lines (except those that define the drag path) will be swept along the path. A component name may also be substituted for NL1.
NLP1, NLP2, NLP3, NLP4, NLP5, NLP6
List of lines defining the path along which the pattern is to be dragged (6 maximum if using keyboard entry). Must be a continuous set of lines.
Notes
Generates areas (and their corresponding keypoints and lines) by sweeping a given line pattern along a characteristic drag path. If the drag path consists of multiple lines, the drag direction is determined by the sequence in which the path lines are input ( NLP1, NLP2, etc). If the drag path is a single line (NLP1), the drag direction is from the keypoint on the drag line that is closest to the first keypoint of the given line pattern to the other end of the drag line. The magnitude of the vector between the keypoints of the given pattern and the first path keypoint remains constant for all generated keypoint patterns and the path keypoints. The direction of the vector relative to the path slope also remains constant so that patterns may be swept around curves. Keypoint, line, and area numbers are automatically assigned (beginning with the lowest available values [NUMSTR ]). Adjacent lines use a common keypoint. Adjacent areas use a common line. For best results, the entities to be dragged should be orthogonal to the start of the drag path. Drag operations that produce an error message may create some of the desired entities prior to terminating.
Menu Paths
A Commands Main Menu>Preprocessor>Operate>Extrude>Along Lines
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Prev ADGL Prev AESIZE A Commands
Next AESIZE Next
AESIZE
Name
AESIZE, ANUM, SIZE, Specifies the element size to be meshed onto areas. group: PREP7:Meshing product: MP ME ST DY PR EM FL PP ED
ANUM
Area number of the area to which this element size specification applies. If ANUM = ALL, size applies to all selected areas. If ANUM = P, graphical picking is enabled. A component name may also be substituted for ANUM.
SIZE
Desired element size.
Notes
AESIZE allows control over the element sizing inside any area or on the face(s) of a volume. controls element size on the interior of the area. For any line on the area not having its own size assignment and not controlled by Keypoint size assignments, it specifies the element size along the line as well, so long as no adjacent area has a smaller size, which would take precedence. If the AESIZE governs the boundary and smartsizing is on, the boundary size can be refined for curvature or proximity.
SIZE
Menu Paths
Main Menu>Preprocessor>Size Cntrls>All Areas Main Menu>Preprocessor>Size Cntrls>Clr Size Main Menu>Preprocessor>Size Cntrls>Picked Areas
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A Commands Prev ADRAG Prev AFILLT A Commands
Page 21 of 114 Next AFILLT Next
AFILLT
Name
AFILLT , NA1, NA2, RAD Generates a fillet at the intersection of two areas. group: PREP7:Areas product: MP ME ST DY PR EM FL PP ED
NA1
Number of the first intersecting area. If NA1 = P, graphical picking is enabled and all remaining arguments are ignored (valid only in the GUI).
NA2
Number of the second intersecting area.

RAD
Radius of fillet to be generated.
Notes
Generates an area of constant fillet radius at the intersection of two areas using a series of Boolean operations. Corresponding lines and keypoints are also generated. See BOPTN command for an explanation of the options available to Boolean operations. If areas do not initially intersect at a common line, use the AINA command.
Menu Paths
Main Menu>Preprocessor>Create>Area Fillet
Prev AESIZE Prev AFLIST A Commands
Next AFLIST Next
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AFLIST
Name
AFLIST Lists the current data in the database. group: PREP7:Database product: MP ME ST DY PR EM FL PP ED
Notes
Lists the current data and specifications in the database. If batch, lists all appropriate data. If interactive, lists only summaries.
Menu Paths
Utility Menu>List>Other>Database Summary
Prev AFILLT Prev AFSURF A Commands
Next AFSURF Next
AFSURF
Name
AFSURF, SAREA, TLINE Generates surface elements overlaid on the surface of existing solid elements and assigns the extra node as the closest fluid element node. group: PREP7:Elements product: MP ME PR ED
SAREA
Component name for the surface areas of the meshed solid volumes.
TLINE
Component name for the target lines meshed with fluid elements.
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Notes
This command macro is used to generate surface effect elements overlaid on the surface of existing solid elements and, based on proximity, to determine and assign the extra node for each surface element. The underlying volumes of the solid region and the fluid lines must be meshed prior to calling this command macro. The surface areas of the solid and the target lines of the fluid are grouped into components and named using the CM command. The names must be enclosed in single quotes (e.g., 'SAREA') when the AFSURF command is manually typed in. When using the GUI method, node and element components are created through the picking dialog boxes associated with this command. The macro is applicable for the SURF152 and FLUID116 element types.
Menu Paths
Main Menu>Preprocessor>Create>Elements>Surf Effect>Area to Fluid Main Menu>Preprocessor>Create>Elements>Surf Effect>Line to Fluid Main Menu>Preprocessor>Create>Elements>Surf Effect>Node to Fluid
Prev AFLIST Prev *AFUN A Commands
Next *AFUN Next
*AFUN
Name
*AFUN, Lab Specifies units for angular functions in parameter expressions. group: APDL:Parameters product: MP ME ST DY PR EM FL PP ED
Lab
Specifies the units to be used: RAD -Use radians for input and output of parameter angular functions (default). DEG -file://D:\Documents%20and%20Settings\Administrator\Local%20Settings\Temp\~hh... 20.05.2004
A Commands Use degrees for input and output of parameter angular functions. STAT -Show current setting (DEG or RAD) for this command.
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Command Default
Use radians for input or output of parameter angular functions.
Notes
Only the SIN, COS, TAN, ASIN, ACOS, ATAN, ATAN2, ANGLEK, and ANGLEN functions [*SET,*VFUN] are affected by this command.
Menu Paths
Utility Menu>Parameters>Angular Units
Prev AFSURF Prev AGEN A Commands
Next AGEN Next
AGEN
Name
AGEN, ITIME, NA1, NA2, NINC, DX, DY, DZ, KINC, NOELEM, IMOVE Generates additional areas from a pattern of areas. group: PREP7:Areas product: MP ME ST DY PR EM FL PP ED
ITIME
Do this generation operation a total of ITIMEs, incrementing all keypoints in the given pattern automatically (or by KINC) each time after the first. ITIME must be more than 1 for generation to occur.
NA1, NA2, NINC
Generate areas from the pattern of areas NA1 to NA2 (defaults to NA1) in steps of NINC (defaults to 1). If NA1 = ALL, NA2 and NINC are ignored and the pattern is all selected areas [ASEL]. If
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A Commands
NA1
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= P, graphical picking is enabled and all remaining arguments are ignored (valid only in the GUI). A component name may also be substituted for NA1 (NA2 and NINC are ignored).
DX, DY, DZ
Keypoint location increments in the active coordinate system (--,D ,-- for spherical).
KINC
,DZ for cylindrical; --,D
Keypoint number increment between generated sets. If zero, the lowest available keypoint numbers are assigned [NUMSTR].
NOELEM
Specifies if elements and nodes are also to be generated: 0 -Generate nodes and elements associated with the original areas, if they exist. 1 -Do not generate nodes and elements.
IMOVE
Specifies whether to redefine the existing areas: 0 -Generate new areas as requested with the ITIME argument. 1 -Move original areas to new position, retaining the same keypoint numbers (ITIME, KINC , and NOELEM are ignored). If the original areas are needed in the original position (e.g., they may be attached to a volume), they are not moved, and new areas are generated instead. Meshed items corresponding to moved areas are also moved if not needed at their original position.
Notes
Generates additional areas (and their corresponding keypoints, lines and mesh) from a given area pattern. The MAT, TYPE, REAL, and ESYS attributes of the new areas are based upon the areas in the pattern and not upon the current settings of the pointers. End slopes of the generated lines remain the same (in the active coordinate system) as those of the given pattern. For example, radial slopes remain radial. Generations which produce areas of a size or shape different from the pattern (i.e., radial generations in cylindrical systems, radial and phi generations in spherical systems, and theta generations in elliptical systems) are not allowed. Solid modeling in a toroidal coordinate system is not recommended. Area and line numbers are automatically assigned, beginning with the lowest available values [NUMSTR].
Menu Paths
A Commands Main Menu>Preprocessor>Copy>Areas Main Menu>Preprocessor>Move / Modify>Areas
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Prev *AFUN Prev AGLUE A Commands
Next AGLUE Next
AGLUE
Name
AGLUE, NA1, NA2, NA3, NA4, NA5, NA6, NA7, NA8, NA9 Generates new areas by "gluing" areas. group: PREP7:Booleans product: MP ME ST DY PR EM FL PP ED
--
Numbers of the areas to be glued. If NA1 = ALL, all selected areas will be glued ( NA2 to NA9 will be ignored). If NA1 = P, graphical picking is enabled and all remaining arguments are ignored (valid only in the GUI). A component name may also be substituted for NA1.
Notes
Use of the AGLUE command generates new areas by "gluing" input areas. The glue operation redefines the input areas so that they share lines along their common boundaries. The new areas encompass the same geometry as the original areas. This operation is only valid if the intersection of the input areas are lines along the boundaries of those areas. See the ANSYS Modeling and Meshing Guide for an illustration. See the BOPTN command for an explanation of the options available to Boolean operations. Element attributes and solid model boundary conditions assigned to the original entities will not be transferred to new entities generated. The AGLUE command results in the merging of lines and keypoints at the common area boundaries. The lines and keypoints of the lower numbered area will be kept. This means one must be aware of area numbering when multiple AGLUE commands are applied to avoid any ungluing of geometry.
Menu Paths
Main Menu>Preprocessor>Operate>Glue>Areas
Prev
Next
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A Commands AGEN Prev AINA A Commands
Page 27 of 114 AINA Next
AINA
Name
AINA, NA1, NA2, NA3, NA4, NA5, NA6, NA7, NA8, NA9 Finds the intersection of areas. group: PREP7:Booleans product: MP ME ST DY PR EM FL PP ED
Numbers of areas to be intersected. If NA1 = ALL, NA2 to NA9 are ignored and the intersection of all selected areas is found. If NA1 = P, graphical picking is enabled and all remaining arguments are ignored (valid only in the GUI). A component name may also be substituted for NA1.
Notes
Finds the common (not pairwise) intersection of areas. The common intersection is defined as the regions shared (in common) by all areas listed on this command. New areas will be generated where the original areas intersect. If the regions of intersection are only lines, new lines will be generated instead. See the ANSYS Modeling and Meshing Guide for an illustration. See the BOPTN command for the options available to Boolean operations. Element attributes and solid model boundary conditions assigned to the original entities will not be transferred to the new entities generated.
Menu Paths
Main Menu>Preprocessor>Operate>Intersect>Areas
Prev AGLUE Prev AINP A Commands
Next AINP Next
AINP
Name
A Commands
Page 28 of 114
AINP, NA1, NA2, NA3, NA4, NA5, NA6, NA7, NA8, NA9 Finds the pairwise intersection of areas. group: PREP7:Booleans product: MP ME ST DY PR EM FL PP ED
Numbers of areas to be intersected pairwise. If NA1 = ALL, NA2 to NA9 are ignored and the pairwise intersection of all selected areas is found. If NA1 = P, graphical picking is enabled and all remaining arguments are ignored (valid only in the GUI). A component name may be substituted for NA1.
Notes
Finds the pairwise intersection of areas. The pairwise intersection is defined as all regions shared by any two or more areas listed on this command. New areas will be generated where the original areas intersect pairwise. If the regions of pairwise intersection are only lines, new lines will be generated. See the ANSYS Modeling and Meshing Guide for an illustration. See the BOPTN command for the options available to Boolean operations. Element attributes and solid model boundary conditions assigned to the original entities will not be transferred to the new entities generated.
Menu Paths
Main Menu>Preprocessor>Operate>Intersect>Areas
Prev AINA Prev AINV A Commands
Next AINV Next
AINV
Name
AINV, NA, NV Finds the intersection of an area with a volume. group: PREP7:Booleans product: MP ME ST DY PR EM FL PP ED
NA
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Number of area to be intersected. If P, graphical picking is enabled and all remaining arguments are ignored (valid only in the GUI).
NV
Number of volume to be intersected.
Notes
New areas will be generated where the areas intersect the volumes. If the regions of intersection are only lines, new lines will be generated instead. See the ANSYS Modeling and Meshing Guide for an illustration. See the BOPTN command for the options available to Boolean operations. Element attributes and solid model boundary conditions assigned to the original entities will not be transferred to the new entities generated.
Menu Paths
Main Menu>Preprocessor>Operate>Intersect>Area with Volume
Prev AINP Prev AL A Commands
Next AL Next
AL
Name
AL, L1, L2, L3, L4, L5, L6, L7, L8, L9, L10 Generates an area bounded by previously defined lines. group: PREP7:Areas product: MP ME ST DY PR EM FL PP ED
L1, L2, L3, L4, L5, L6, L7, L8, L9, L10
List of lines defining area. The minimum number of lines is 3. The positive normal of the area is controlled by the direction of L1 using the right-hand rule. A negative value of L1 reverses the normal direction. If L1 = ALL, use all selected lines with L2 defining the normal ( L3 to L10 are ignored and L2 defaults to the lowest numbered selected line). If L1 = P, graphical picking is enabled and all remaining arguments are ignored (valid only in the GUI). A component name may also be substituted for L1.
Notes
A Commands
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Lines may be input (once each) in any order and must form a simply connected closed curve. If the area is defined with more than four lines, the lines must also lie in the same plane or on a constant coordinate value in the active coordinate system (such as a plane or a cylinder).
Note
Solid modeling in a toroidal coordinate system is not recommended. Areas may be redefined only if not yet attached to a volume. This command is valid in any processor.
Menu Paths
Main Menu>Preprocessor>Create>Arbitrary>By Lines
Prev AINV Prev ALIST A Commands
Next ALIST Next
ALIST
Name
ALIST, NA1, NA2, NINC, Lab Lists the defined areas. group: PREP7:Areas product: MP ME ST DY PR EM FL PP ED
NA1, NA2, NINC
List areas from NA1 to NA2 (defaults to NA1) in steps of NINC (defaults to 1). If NA1 = ALL (default), NA2 and NINC are ignored and all selected areas [ASEL] are listed. If NA1 = P, graphical picking is enabled and all remaining arguments are ignored (valid only in the GUI). A component name may also be substituted for NA1 (NA2 and NINC are ignored).
Lab
Determines what type of listing is used (one of the following): (blank) -Prints information about all areas in the specified range. HPT --
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A Commands Prints information about only those areas that contain hard points.
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Notes
An attribute (TYPE, MAT, REAL, or ESYS) listed as a zero is unassigned; one listed as a positive value indicates that the attribute was assigned with the AATT command (and will not be reset to zero if the mesh is cleared); one listed as a negative value indicates that the attribute was assigned using the attribute pointer [TYPE, MAT, REAL , or ESYS] that was active during meshing (and will be reset to zero if the mesh is cleared). A "-1" in the "nodes" column indicates that the area has been meshed but there are no interior nodes. The area size is listed only if an ASUM command has been performed on the area.
Menu Paths
Utility Menu>List>Areas
Prev AL Prev ALLSEL A Commands
Next ALLSEL Next
ALLSEL
Name
ALLSEL, LabT, Entity Selects all entities with a single command. group: DATABASE:Selecting product: MP ME ST DY PR EM FL PP ED
LabT
Type of selection to be made: ALL -Selects all items of the specified entity type and all items of lower entity types (default). BELOW -Selects all items directly associated with and below the selected items of the specified entity type.
Entity
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A Commands Entity type on which selection is based: ALL -All entity types (default). VOLU -Volumes. AREA -Areas. LINE -Lines. KP -Keypoints. ELEM -Elements. NODE -Nodes.
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Notes
ALLSEL is a convenience command that allows the user to select all items of a specified entity type or to select items associated with the selected items of a higher entity. An entity hierarchy is used to decide what entities will be available in the selection process. This hierarchy from top to bottom is as follows: volumes, areas, lines, keypoints, elements, and nodes. The hierarchy may also be divided into two branches: the solid model and the finite element model. The label ALL selects items based on one branch only, while BELOW uses the entire entity hierarchy. For example, ALLSEL,ALL,VOLU selects all volumes, areas, lines, and keypoints in the data base. ALLSEL,BELOW,AREA selects all lines belonging to the selected areas; all keypoints belonging to those lines; all elements belonging to those areas, lines, and keypoints; and all nodes belonging to those elements. This command is valid in any processor.
Menu Paths
Utility Menu>Select>Everything Utility Menu>Select>Everything Below>Selected Areas Utility Menu>Select>Everything Below>Selected Elements Utility Menu>Select>Everything Below>Selected Keypoints
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A Commands Utility Menu>Select>Everything Below>Selected Lines Utility Menu>Select>Everything Below>Selected Volumes
Page 33 of 114
Prev ALIST Prev ALPFILL A Commands
Next ALPFILL Next
ALPFILL
Name
ALPFILL, LN1, LN2, LN3, LN4, LN5, LN6, LN7, LN8, LN9, LN10 Fills in an area loop within an existing 2-D area (for models imported from CAD files). group: PREP7:CAD Repair product: MP ME ST DY PR EM FL PP ED
LN1, LN2, LN3, LN4, LN5, LN6, LN7, LN8, LN9, LN10
List of lines that define the loop. If LN1 = P, graphical picking is enabled and all remaining arguments are ignored (valid only in the GUI). If LN1 = ALL, all selected lines will be checked for possible closure.
Notes
If all of the lines in the list are not continuous or closed, ANSYS will automatically find the subset of continuous lines within the list. Use this command to fill in small area loops in models imported from CAD files (this is a geometry "clean-up" tool). This tool is available only for models imported from CAD files (Default IGES option).
Menu Paths
Main Menu>Preprocessor>Simplify>Fill Loops
Prev ALLSEL Prev ALPHAD A Commands
Next ALPHAD Next
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ALPHAD
Name
ALPHAD, VALUE Defines the mass matrix multiplier for damping. group: SOLUTION:Dynamic Options product: MP ME ST PP ED
VALUE
Mass matrix multiplier for damping.
Notes
Defines the mass matrix multiplier, , for damping. One form of the viscous damping matrix [C] is given by [M] + [K], where [M] is the mass matrix and [K] is the stiffness matrix. Damping is not used in the static (ANTYPE,STATIC) or buckling (ANTYPE,BUCKLE) analyses. This command is also valid in PREP7.
Menu Paths
Main Menu>Preprocessor>Loads>Time/Frequenc>Damping Main Menu>Solution>Sol'n Controls Main Menu>Solution>Time/Frequenc>Damping
Prev ALPFILL Prev AMAP A Commands
Next AMAP Next
AMAP
Name
AMAP, AREA, KP1, KP2, KP3, KP4 Generates a 2-D mapped mesh based on specified area corners. group: PREP7:Meshing product: MP ME ST DY PR EM FL PP ED
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AREA
Area number of area to be meshed. If AREA = P, graphical picking is enabled and all remaining arguments are ignored (valid only in the GUI).
KP1, KP2, KP3, KP4
Keypoints defining corners of the mapped mesh. Three or four corners may be specified, and may be input in any order.
Notes
Only one area at a time can be meshed with this command. The program internally concatenates all lines between the specified keypoints, then meshes the area with all quadrilateral elements. If line divisions are set, the mesh will follow the rules for mapped meshing (see Meshing Your Solid Model in the ANSYS Modeling and Meshing Guide). If the area being meshed has concatenated lines, the program will ask if those concatenations should be removed (in batch, the concatenations will automatically be removed). Nodes required for the generated elements are created and assigned the lowest available node numbers. If a mapped mesh is not possible due to mis-matched line divisions or poor element shapes, the meshing operation is aborted.
Menu Paths
Main Menu>Preprocessor>Mesh>Mapped>By Corners
Prev ALPHAD Prev AMESH A Commands
Next AMESH Next
AMESH
Name
AMESH, NA1, NA2, NINC Generates nodes and area elements within areas. group: PREP7:Meshing product: MP ME ST DY PR EM FL PP ED
NA1, NA2, NINC
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Mesh areas from NA1 to NA2 (defaults to NA1) in steps of NINC (defaults to 1). If NA1 = ALL, NA2 and NINC are ignored and all selected areas [ASEL] are meshed. If NA1 = P, graphical picking is enabled and all remaining arguments are ignored (valid only in the GUI). A component name may also be substituted for NA1 ( NA2 and NINC are ignored).
Notes
Any undefined nodes required for the generated elements are created and assigned the lowest available numbers.
Menu Paths
Main Menu>Preprocessor>Mesh>Free Main Menu>Preprocessor>Mesh>Mapped>3 or 4 sided Main Menu>Preprocessor>Mesh>Target Surf
Prev AMAP Prev /AN3D A Commands
Next /AN3D Next
/AN3D
Name
/AN3D, Kywrd, KEY Specifies 3-D annotation functions product: GRAPHICS:Annotation group: MP ME ST DY PR EM FL PP ED
If Kywrd = ANUM, the type of annotation is defined, along with its location. The command format is /AN3D,ANUM, NUM,TYPE,XHOT,YHOT,ZHOT.
NUM
Unique number assigned as each annotation is applied to a model. These numbers are applied sequentially, although when an annotation entity is deleted, its number is reassigned.
TYPE
Annotation internal type number (101 = text, 102 = line, 103 = point, 104 = area, 105 = arrow, 106 = symbol, 108 = bitmap).
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A Commands
XHOT, YHOT, ZHOT
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X, Y, Z coordinates for hot spot location. If Kywrd = BITM, the annotation is a bimap. The command format is /AN3D,BITM,TYPE,X,Y,Z.
TYPE
An integer value between 1 and 99, indicating a texture or bitmap. Numbers 1 through 40 correspond to existing ANSYS textures (see /TXTRE ). Numbers 51 through 99 correspond to to textures defined using the File option of the /TXTRE command. You can use this capability to override the predefined logo, clamp and arrow files available from the GUI dialog box (numbers 51 through 57). Numbers 41 through 50 are reserved.
X, Y, Z
X, Y, Z coordinates for the lower left corner of the bitmap. If Kywrd = TEXT, an annotation text string is created. The command format is /AN3D,TEXT, X,Y,Z,Text_String.
X, Y, Z
X, Y, Z coordinate location for text string.

Text_String
Text string to be applied as annotation. If Kywrd = LINE, an annotation line is created. The command format is /AN3D,LINE,X1,Y1,Z1,X2,Y2,Z2.
X1, Y1, Z1
X, Y, Z coordinates for beginning of line.

X2, Y2, Z2
X, Y, Z coordinates for end of line. If Kywrd = POINT, a dot will be drawn in space (this option is not available from the GUI). The command format is /AN3D,POINT,X,Y,Z.
X, Y, Z
X, Y, Z coordinates for point. If Kywrd = AREA, a polygonal area with n vertices will be drawn. The command format is /AN3D,AREA, NVERT,Xn,Yn,Zn.
NVERT
The number of vertices ( n) for the polygon. Your Polygon can have between 3 and 9 vertices. file://D:\Documents%20and%20Settings\Administrator\Local%20Settings\Temp\~hh... 20.05.2004
A Commands
Xn, Yn, Zn
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X, Y, Z coordinate location for vertex n. If Kywrd = ARROW, an annotation arrow is created. The command format is /AN3D,ARROW,SIZEX1,Y1,Z1,X2,Y2,Z2.
SIZE
Symbol size multiplier (0.1 to 20.0, default = 1.0) for the head of the arrow.
X1, Y1, Z1
X, Y, Z coordinates for the location of the tail.

X2, Y2, Z2
X, Y, Z coordinate for the location of the tip. If Kywrd = SYMBOL, an annotation symbol is created. The command format is /AN3D,SYMBOL,TYPE, X,Y,Z,SIZE.
TYPE
The symbol type (1 = CAP, 2 = TEE, 3 = CIRCLE, 4 = TRIANGLE, 5 = STAR).

X, Y, Z
X, Y, Z coordinate location for the symbol.

SIZE
Size multiplier for the symbol (0.1 to 20.0, default = 1.0)
Notes
Because 3-D annotation is applied in relation to the XYZ coordinates of the anchor, you can transform your model, and the annotation will maintain the spatial relationship with the model. This works within reason, and there are instances where changing the perspective or the size of the model will change the apparent relationship between the annotation and the model. The overall 3-D dimensions of your model are defined by a bounding box. If portions of your model's bounding box lie outside of the visible area of your graphics window (if you are zoomed in on a specific area of your model), it can affect the placement of your 3-D annotations. Zooming out will usually overcome this problem. 3-D annotation is valid for the Cartesian (CSYS,0) coordinate system only. If you want to annotate a model you created in another coordinate system, use 2-D annotation (note that 2-D annotations do not remain anchored for dynamic rotations or transformations). When you apply user defined bitmaps, the size of the annotation can vary. Use the options menu of the 3-D annotation widget to adjust the size and placement of your bitmaps.
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A Commands You cannot use the ! and $ characters in ANSYS text annotation.
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The GUI generates this command during 3-D annotation operations and inserts the command into the log file (Jobname.LOG). You should NOT type this command directly during an ANSYS session (although the command can be included in an input file for batch input or for use with the /INPUT command).
Menu Paths
Utilty Menu>PlotCtrls>Annotate>Create 3D Annotation
Prev AMESH Prev ANCNTR A Commands
Next ANCNTR Next
ANCNTR
Name
ANCNTR, NFRAM, DELAY, NCYCL Produces an animated sequence of a contoured deformed shape. group: POST1:Animation product: MP ME ST DY PR EM FL PP ED
NFRAM
Number of frames captures (defaults to 5).

DELAY
Time delay during animation (defaults to 0.1 seconds).

NCYCL
Number of animation cycles (defaults to 5). Available in non-UI mode only.
Notes
ANCNTR involves an ANSYS macro which produces an animation of a contoured deformed shape of the last plot action command. This command operates only on graphic display platforms supporting the /SEG command. After executing ANCNTR, you can replay the animated sequence by issuing the ANIM command.
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A Commands The command functions only in the postprocessor.
Page 40 of 114
Menu Paths
Utility Menu>PlotCtrls>Animate>Deformed Results
Prev /AN3D Prev ANCUT A Commands
Next ANCUT Next
ANCUT
Name
ANCUT, NFRAM, DELAY, NCYCL, QOFF, KTOP, TOPOFF, NODE1, NODE2, NODE3 Produces an animated sequence of Q-slices. group: POST1:Animation product: MP ME ST DY PR EM FL PP ED
NFRAM

DELAY

NCYCL

QOFF
Q-slice working plane increment (defaults to .1 half screens).

KTOP
Topological effect on or off (YES or NO; default is NO).

TOPOFF
Topological offset (default is .1 half screens).
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NODE1
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Node 1 for start of the Q-slice.

NODE2
Node 2 for direction of the Q-slice.

NODE3
Node 3 for plane of the Q-slice.
Notes
ANCUT involves an ANSYS macro which produces an animation of Q-slices of the last plot action command. This command operates only on graphic display platforms supporting the /SEG command. After executing ANCUT, you can replay the animated sequence by issuing the ANIM command. The command functions only in the postprocessor.
Menu Paths
Utility Menu>PlotCtrls>Animate>Q-Slice Contours Utility Menu>PlotCtrls>Animate>Q-Slice Vectors
Prev ANCNTR Prev ANDATA A Commands
Next ANDATA Next
ANDATA
Name
ANDATA, DELAY, NCYCL, RSLTDAT, MIN, MAX, INCR, FRCLST, AUTOCNTRKY Produces a sequential contour animation over a range of results data. group: POST1:Animation product: MP ME ST DY PR EM FL PP ED
DELAY
Time delay during animation (defaults to 0.5 seconds). file://D:\Documents%20and%20Settings\Administrator\Local%20Settings\Temp\~hh... 20.05.2004
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NCYCL
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RSLTDAT
The type of results data to be used for the animation sequence. This can be: 0 -Current load step data (default). 1 -Range of load step data. 2 -Range of results data.
MIN
The range minimum value. If left blank or 0, defaults to the first data point.
MAX
The range maximum value. If left blank or 0, defaults to the last data point.
INCR
The increment between result data (defaults to 1).

FRCLST
Key to force the last result data item in a load step to be animated (defaults to 0).
AUTOCNTRKY
Auto-scales contour values, based on the overall subset range of values. The auto-scaling option defaults to 0, no auto-scaling.
Notes
The ANDATA command operates only on graphic display platforms supporting the /SEG command. It uses an ANSYS macro to produce an animation based on the last plot action command (e.g., PLDISP). This command functions only in the postprocessor.
Menu Paths
Main Menu>Drop Test>Animate Results
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Prev ANCUT Prev ANDSCL A Commands
Next ANDSCL Next
ANDSCL
Name
ANDSCL, NFRAM, DELAY, NCYCL Produces an animated sequence of a deformed shape. group: POST1:Animation product: MP ME ST DY PR EM FL PP ED
NFRAM
Number of frames captured (defaults to 5).

DELAY

NCYCL
Notes
ANDSCL involves an ANSYS macro which produces an animation of displacement of the last plot action command (for example, PLDISP). This command operates only on graphic display platforms supporting the /SEG command. After executing ANDSCL, you can replay the animated sequence by issuing the ANIM command. The command functions only in the postprocessor.
Menu Paths
Utility Menu>PlotCtrls>Animate>Deformed Shape
Prev ANDATA ANDYNA
Next ANDYNA
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A Commands Prev A Commands
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ANDYNA
Name
ANDYNA, DELAY, NCYCL, START, END, INC, AUTOCONTOURKEY Produces an animated sequence of contour values through substeps. group: POST1:Animation product: MP ME ST DY PR EM FL PP ED
DELAY

NCYCL

START
Number of the starting substep (defaults to 1).

END
Number of the ending substep (defaults to the maximum substep).

INC
Increment between substeps (defaults to 1).

AUTOCONTOURKEY
Auto-scales contour values, based on the overall subset range of values (defaults to 0, no autoscaling).
Notes
ANDYNA involves an ANSYS macro which produces an animation of contour values through all the substeps of the last plot action command. This command operates only on graphic display platforms supporting the /SEG command. After executing ANDYNA, you can replay the animated sequence by issuing the ANIM command. The command functions only in the postprocessor.
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Menu Paths
Utility Menu>PlotCtrls>Animate>Dynamic Results
Prev ANDSCL Prev /ANFILE A Commands
Next /ANFILE Next
/ANFILE
Name
/ANFILE, LAB, Fname, Ext, Dir Saves or resumes an animation sequence to or from a file. group: POST1:Animation product: MP ME ST DY PR EM FL PP ED
LAB
Label type. SAVE -Save the current animation to a file. RESUME -Resume an animation from a file.
Fname
Ext
Filename extension (8 character maximum). The extension defaults to ANIM if Fname is blank.
Dir
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Notes
This command saves an animation to a file from local terminal segments or resumes an animation from a file to local terminal segments. See the /SEG command for details on segment storage. See the ANCNTR macro for a convenient method of storing graphics frames in terminal memory segments. This command is device dependent and is valid in any processor.
Menu Paths
Utility Menu>PlotCtrls>Animate>Restore Animation Utility Menu>PlotCtrls>Animate>Save Animation
Prev ANDYNA Prev ANFLOW A Commands
Next ANFLOW Next
ANFLOW
Name
ANFLOW, NFRAM, DELAY, NCYCL, TIME, SPACING, SIZE, LENGTH Produces an animated sequence of particle flow in a flowing fluid or a charged particle traveling in an electric or magnetic field. group: POST1:Animation product: MP ME ST DY PR EM FL PP ED
NFRAM
Number of frames captured (defaults to 5).

DELAY

NCYCL
Number of animation cycles (defaults to 5). Non-UI mode only.

TIME
Total Trace Time (seconds) (defaults to 0, which is the full flow trace).
SPACING
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A Commands Particle spacing in seconds (defaults to 0).

SIZE
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Particle size (defaults to 0, which is a line).

LENGTH
Particle length fraction (defaults to .1).
Notes
ANFLOW invokes an ANSYS macro which produces an animation of particle flow in a flowing fluid or charged particle motion in an electric or magnetic field by the last plot action command (i.e., PLTRAC). This command is only operational on graphic display platforms supporting the /SEG command. After executing ANFLOW, you can replay the animated sequence by issuing the ANIM command. This command is functional only in the Postprocessor. The TIME option lets you set the time interval of forward travel for the trace. The SPACING option is used to define the particle spacing in seconds from adjacent particles in the stream line. The SIZE variable sets the radius of the particle. The LENGTH variable is used to define the particle length fraction. By default, the LENGTH is set to .1, which means the particle occupies 10% of the flow region and the other 90% is a color-code line. The SPACING and LENGTH variables only make sense when the SIZE variable is non-zero (i.e., the particle is bigger than the line).
Menu Paths
Utility Menu>PlotCtrls>Animate>Particle Flow
Prev /ANFILE Prev /ANGLE A Commands
Next /ANGLE Next
/ANGLE
Name
/ANGLE, WN, THETA, Axis, KINCR Rotates the display about an axis. group: GRAPHICS:Views product: MP ME ST DY PR EM FL PP ED
WN
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A Commands Window number (or ALL) to which command applies (defaults to 1).
THETA
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Angle (degrees) for changing display orientation (positive, counter-clockwise about specified axis).
Axis
Rotation axis: XS, YS, or ZS (default) for the screen axes; XM, YM, or ZM for the global Cartesian model axes. ZS is normal to the screen; all axes pass through the focus point.
KINCR
Cumulative rotation key: 0 -Do not use cumulative successive rotations. 1 -Use cumulative rotations. Rotations are relative to the previous rotation. View settings (/VIEW ) are recalculated.
Notes
Default orientation is YS vertical. When the /XFRM command is set for rotation about two points, or for entities, the /ANGLE command is functional only for Axis = ZS or ZM and KINCR = 1. This command is valid in any processor.
Menu Paths
Utility Menu>PlotCtrls>Pan, Zoom, Rotate Utility Menu>PlotCtrls>View Settings>Angle of Rotation
Prev ANFLOW Prev ANHARM A Commands
Next ANHARM Next
ANHARM
Name
ANHARM, NFRAM, DELAY, NCYCL Produces a time-transient animated sequence of time-harmonic results (ANTYPE,HARMIC).
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A Commands group: POST1:Animation product: MP ME ST DY PR EM FL PP ED
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NFRAM
Number of frame captures per cycle. Defaults to 12.

DELAY
Time delay during animation. Defaults to 0.1 seconds.

NCYCL
Number of animation cycles. Defaults to 5. Not available in the GUI.
Notes
ANHARM invokes an ANSYS macro which produces a time-transient animation of time-harmonic results of the last plot action command (e.g. PLNSOL,B,SUM). The animation converts the complex solution variables (real and imaginary sets) into time varying results over one period. For example, if NFRAM = 12, then the frame captures are in increments of 30 degree phase angles.
Menu Paths
Utility Menu>PlotCtrls>Animate>Animate Over Time Utility Menu>PlotCtrls>Animate>Time-harmonic
Prev /ANGLE Prev ANIM A Commands
Next ANIM Next
ANIM
Name
ANIM, NCYCL, KCYCL, DELAY Displays graphics data in animated form. group: POST1:Animation product: MP ME ST DY PR EM FL PP ED
A Commands
NCYCL
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Number of cycles associated with the animation (defaults to 5 in non-GUI mode only)
KCYCL
Animation mode: 0 -Continuous animation cycle (forward-reverse-forward-etc.) (default). 1 -Discontinuous animation cycle (forward-reset-forward-etc.).
DELAY
Time delay (seconds) between animation frames (defaults to 0.1 seconds).
Notes
Displays graphics data stored in local terminal segments in animated form. See the /SEG command for details on segment storage. See the ANCNTR macro for a convenient method of storing graphics frames in terminal memory segments. This command is device-dependent. You should not resize the graphic while animation is in progress; doing so can result in distorted plots. This command is valid in any processor.
Menu Paths
Utility Menu>PlotCtrls>Animate>Replay Animation Utility Menu>PlotCtrls>Animate>Restore Animation
Prev ANHARM Prev ANISOS A Commands
Next ANISOS Next
ANISOS
Name
ANISOS , NFRAM, DELAY, NCYCL Produces an animated sequence of an isosurface. group: POST1:Animation product: MP ME ST DY PR EM FL PP ED
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NFRAM

DELAY

NCYCL
Notes
ANISOS involves an ANSYS macro which produces an animation of an isosurface of the last plot action command (for example, PLNSOL,S,EQV). The ANISOS command operates only on graphic display platforms supporting the /SEG command. After executing ANISOS , you can replay the animated sequence by issuing the ANIM command. This command functions only in the postprocessor.
Menu Paths
Utility Menu>PlotCtrls>Animate>Isosurfaces
Prev ANIM Prev ANMODE A Commands
Next ANMODE Next
ANMODE
Name
ANMODE, NFRAM, DELAY, NCYCL, KACCEL Produces an animated sequence of a mode shape. group: POST1:Animation product: MP ME ST DY PR EM FL PP ED
NFRAM
Number of frames captures (defaults to 5). file://D:\Documents%20and%20Settings\Administrator\Local%20Settings\Temp\~hh... 20.05.2004
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DELAY
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NCYCL

KACCEL
Acceleration type: 0 -Linear acceleration. 1 -Sinusoidal acceleration.
Notes
ANMODE involves an ANSYS macro which produces an animation of mode shape of the last plot action command (for example, PLDISP). The ANMODE command operates only on graphic display platforms supporting the /SEG command. After executing ANMODE, you can replay the animated sequence by issuing the ANIM command. This command functions only in the postprocessor.
Menu Paths
Utility Menu>PlotCtrls>Animate>Mode Shape
Prev ANISOS Prev /ANNOT A Commands
Next /ANNOT Next
/ANNOT
Name
/ANNOT, Lab, VAL1, VAL2 Activates graphics for annotating displays (GUI). group: GRAPHICS:Annotation product: MP ME ST DY PR EM FL PP ED
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Lab
Annotation control key: OFF -Turns off annotation for each subsequent display (default). ON -Turns on annotation for each subsequent display. DELE -Deletes all annotation. SAVE -Saves annotation on a file. Use VAL1 for file name (defaults to Jobname) and VAL2 for the extension (defaults to ANO). SCALE -Sets annotation scale factor (direct input only). Use VAL1 for value (0.1 to 10.0) (defaults to 1.0). XORIG -Sets the annotation x origin (direct input only). Use VAL1 for value (-3.0 to 3.0). YORIG -Sets annotation y origin (direct input only). Use VAL1 for value (-3.0 to 3.0). SNAP -Sets annotation snap (menu button input only). Use VAL1 for value (0.002 to 0.2) (defaults to 0.002). STAT -Displays current annotation status. DEFA -Sets annotation specifications to the default values. REFR -Redisplays annotation graphics.
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A Commands TMOD --
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Sets the annotation text mode. If VAL1 = 1, annotation text will be drawn in scalable bitmap fonts (default). If VAL1 = 0, annotation text will be drawn with stroke text.
VAL1
Value (or file name) as noted with label above.

VAL2
Value (or file name extension) as noted with label above.
Notes
This is a command generated by the GUI and will appear in the log file ( Jobname.LOG) if annotation is used. This command is not intended to be typed in directly in an ANSYS session (although it can be included in an input file for batch input or for use with the /INPUT command). You cannot use the ! and $ characters in ANSYS text annotation. /ANNOT activates annotation graphics for adding annotation to displays. Commands representing the annotation instructions are automatically created by the annotation functions in the GUI and written to Jobname.LOG. The annotation commands are /ANNOT, /ANUM, /TLABEL, /LINE , /LARC, /LSYMBOL, /POLYGON , /PMORE, /PCIRCLE and /PSPEC. Annotation graphics are relative to the full Graphics Window and are not affected by ANSYS window-specific commands (/WINDOW, /VIEW , etc.). This command is valid in any processor.
Menu Paths
Utility Menu>PlotCtrls>Annotation>Create Annotation
Prev ANMODE Prev ANORM A Commands
Next ANORM Next
ANORM
Name
ANORM, ANUM, NOEFLIP Reorients area normals. group: PREP7:Areas product: MP ME ST DY PR EM FL PP ED file://D:\Documents%20and%20Settings\Administrator\Local%20Settings\Temp\~hh... 20.05.2004
A Commands
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ANUM
Area number having the normal direction that the reoriented areas are to match.
NOEFLIP
Indicates whether you want to change the normal direction of the existing elements on the reoriented area(s) so that they are consistent with each area's new normal direction. 0 -Make the normal direction of existing elements on the reoriented area(s) consistent with each area's new normal direction (default). 1 -Do not change the normal direction of existing elements on the reoriented area(s).
Notes
Reorients areas so that their normals are consistent with that of a specified area. If any of the areas have inner loops, the ANORM command will consider the inner loops when it reorients the area normals. You cannot use the ANORM command to change the normal direction of any element that has a body or surface load. We recommend that you apply all of your loads only after ensuring that the element normal directions are acceptable. Real constants (such as non-uniform shell thickness and tapered beam constants) may be invalidated by an element reversal. See Revising Your Model of the ANSYS Modeling and Meshing Guide for more information.
Menu Paths
Main Menu>Preprocessor>Move / Modify>Area Normals
Prev /ANNOT Prev ANSOL A Commands
Next ANSOL Next
ANSOL
Name
A Commands
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ANSOL, NVAR, NODE, Item, Comp, Name, Mat, Real, Ename Specifies averaged nodal data to be stored from the results file in the solution coordinate system. group: POST26:Set Up product: MP ME ST DY PR EM FL PP ED
NVAR
Arbitrary reference number assigned to this variable (2 to NV [NUMVAR]). Overwrites any existing results for this variable.
NODE
Node number for which data are to be stored.

Item
Label identifying the item. General item labels are shown in ANSOL - General Item and Component Labels below. Some items also require a component label.
Comp
Component of the item (if required). General component labels are shown in ANSOL General Item and Component Labels below.
Name
Thirty-two character name for identifying the item on the printout and displays. Defaults to an eight character label formed by concatenating the first four characters of the Item and Comp labels.
Mat
The material number. Average will be computed based on the subset of elements with the specified material number. DEFAULT: Use all elements in the active set unless Real and/or Ename is specified.
Real
The real number. Average will be computed based on the subset of elements with the specified real number. DEFAULT: Use all elements in the active set unless Mat and/or Ename is specified.
Ename
The element type name. Average will be computed based on the subset of elements with the specified element type name. DEFAULT: Use all elements in the active set unless Mat and/or Real is specified.
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Notes
Valid item and component labels for averaged nodal results are listed in ANSOL - General Item and Component Labels, below. All element nodal quantities are obtained in RSYS, Solu and then averaged. The ANSOL command defines averaged nodal results data to be stored from a results file [FILE ]. Not all items are valid for all nodes. See the input and output summary tables of the ANSYS Elements Reference of each element that is attached to the node for the available items. COORDINATE SYSTEMS: All element nodal results used by ANSOL for averaging are in the element coordinate system, except for layered elements. Layered element results are in the layer coordinate system. You can further specify the element nodal results, for some elements, with the SHELL, LAYERP26, and FORCE commands. ANSOL does not transform results from RSYS, SOLU to other coordinate systems. Verify that all elements attached to the subject node have the same coordinate system before using ANSOL. SHELL ELEMENTS: The default shell element coordinate system is based on node ordering. For shell elements the adjacent elements could have a different RSYS,SOLU, making the resultant averaged data inconsistent. A note to this effect is issued when ANSOL is used in models containing shell elements. Ensure that consistent coordinate systems are active for all associated elements used by the ANSOL command. DERIVED QUANTITIES: Some of the result items supported by ANSOL (see ANSOL - General Item and Component Labels) are derived from the component quantities. Use AVPRIN to specify the principal and vector sum quantity averaging methods. DEFAULT: If Mat, Real , and Ename are not specified, all of the elements attached to the node will be considered. When a material ID, real constant ID, or element type discontinuity is detected at a node, a note is issued. For example, in a FSI analysis, a FLUID30 element at the structure interface would be considered. But since it contains no SX result, it will not be used during STORE operations. ANSOL - General Item and Component Labels General Item and Component Labels ANSOL,NVAR,ELEM,NODE,Item,Comp,Name, Mat,
Real, Ename
Item S " " " EPEL " " " EPPL "
Comp X, Y, Z, XY, YZ, XZ 1, 2, 3 INT EQV X, Y, Z, XY, YZ, XZ 1, 2, 3 INT EQV X, Y, Z, XY, YZ, XZ 1, 2, 3
Description Component stress. Principal stress. Stress intensity. Equivalent stress. Component elastic strain. Principal elastic strain. Elastic strain intensity. Elastic equivalent strain. Component plastic strain. Principal plastic strain.
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A Commands " " EPCR " " " EPTH " " " NL " " " " " INT EQV X, Y, Z, XY, YZ, XZ 1,2,3 INT EQV X, Y, Z, XY, YZ, XZ 1, 2, 3 INT EQV SEPL SRAT HPRES EPEQ PSV PLWK
Page 58 of 114 Plastic strain intensity. Plastic equivalent strain. Component creep strain. Principal creep strain. Creep strain intensity. Creep equivalent strain. Component thermal strain. Principal thermal strain. Thermal strain intensity. Thermal equivalent strain. Equivalent stress (from stress-strain curve). Stress state ratio. Hydrostatic pressure. Accumulated equivalent plastic strain. Plastic state variable. Plastic work/volume. Contact status: 3-closed and sticking 2-closed and sliding 1-open but near contac 0-open and not near contact Contact penetration. Contact pressure. Contact friction stress Contact total stress (pressure plus friction) Contact sliding distance Contact gap distance Total heat flux at contact surface Component thermal gradient or vector sum. Component thermal flux or vector sum. Component pressure gradient or vector sum. Component electric field or vector sum. Component electric flux density or vector sum. Component magnetic field intensity or vector sum. Component magnetic flux density or vector sum.
CONT
STAT
" " " " " " " TG TF PG EF D H B
PENE PRES SFRIC STOT SLIDE GAP FLUX X,Y,Z,SUM X,Y,Z,SUM X,Y,Z,SUM X,Y,Z,SUM X,Y,Z,SUM X,Y,Z,SUM X,Y,Z,SUM
Menu Paths
Main Menu>TimeHist Postpro>Variable Viewer
Prev ANORM ANTIME
Next ANTIME
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A Commands Prev A Commands
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ANTIME
Name
ANTIME, NFRAM, DELAY, NCYCL, AUTOCNTRKY, RSLTDAT, MIN, MAX Produces a sequential contour animation over a range of time. group: POST1:Animation product: MP ME ST DY PR EM FL PP ED
NFRAM
Number of frame captures (defaults to 5).

DELAY

NCYCL

AUTOCNTRKY
Auto-scales contour values, based on the overall subset range of values. The auto-scaling option defaults to 0, no auto-scaling.
RSLTDAT
The results data to be used for the animation sequence. This can be: 0 -Current load step data (default). 1 -Range of load step data. 2 -Range of time data.
MIN
The range minimum value. If left blank defaults to the first data point. file://D:\Documents%20and%20Settings\Administrator\Local%20Settings\Temp\~hh... 20.05.2004
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MAX
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The range maximum value. If left blank defaults to the last data point.
Notes
The ANTIME command operates only on graphic display platforms supporting the /SEG command. It uses an ANSYS macro to produce an animation of contour values for the last plot action command (for example, PLDISP). After executing ANTIME, the ANIM command will replay the animated sequence. This command functions only in the postprocessor.
Menu Paths
Utility Menu>PlotCtrls>Animate>Animate Over Time Utility Menu>PlotCtrls>Animate>Time-harmonic
Prev ANSOL Prev ANTYPE A Commands
Next ANTYPE Next
ANTYPE
Name
ANTYPE, Antype, Status, LDSTEP, SUBSTEP, Action Specifies the analysis type and restart status. group: SOLUTION:Analysis Options product: MP ME ST PR EM EH PP ED
Antype
Analysis type (defaults to the previously specified analysis type, or to STATIC if none specified): STATIC or 0 -Perform a static analysis. Valid for all degrees of freedom. BUCKLE or 1 -Perform a buckling analysis. Implies that a previous static solution was performed with file://D:\Documents%20and%20Settings\Administrator\Local%20Settings\Temp\~hh... 20.05.2004
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prestress effects calculated [PSTRES,ON]. Valid for structural degrees of freedom only. MODAL or 2 -Perform a modal analysis. Valid for structural and fluid degrees of freedom. HARMIC or 3 -Perform a harmonic analysis. Valid for structural, fluid, magnetic, and electrical degrees of freedom. TRANS or 4 -Perform a transient analysis. Valid for all degrees of freedom. SUBSTR or 7 -Perform a substructure analysis. Valid for all degrees of freedom. SPECTR or 8 -Perform a spectrum analysis. Implies that a previous modal analysis was performed. Valid for structural degrees of freedom only.
Status
Specifies the status of the analysis (new or restart): NEW -Specifies a new analysis (default). If NEW, the remaining fields on this command are ignored. REST -Specifies a restart of a previous analysis. Valid only for static, harmonic (2-D magnetic only), full transient, and substructure analyses. For full transient and nonlinear static structural analyses, a multiframe restart will be done by default. Use the RESCONTROL command to set up or disable the multiframe restart.
LDSTEP
Specifies the load step at which a multiframe restart will begin. The default is the highest load step number found in the Jobname.Rnnn files for the current jobname in the current directory. Not used for singleframe restarts.
SUBSTEP
Specifies the substep at which a multiframe restart will begin. The default is the highest substep number found for the specified LDSTEP in the Jobname.Rnnn files in the current directory. Not used for singleframe restarts.
Action
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A Commands Specifies the manner of a multiframe restart. Not used for traditional restarts. CONTINUE --
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ANSYS will continue the analysis based on the specified LDSTEP and SUBSTEP (default). The current load step will be continued unless the end of the load step is encountered in the .Rnnn file, in which case a new load step will be started. ANSYS will delete all .Rnnn files beyond the point of restart and will update the .LDHI file if a new load step is encountered. ENDSTEP -At restart, force the specified load step (LDSTEP) to end at the specified substep (SUBSTEP), even though the end of the current load step has not been reached. At the end of the specified substep, all loadings will be scaled to the level of the current ending and stored in the .LDHI file. A run following this ENDSTEP will start a new load step. This feature allows you to change the load level in the middle of a load step. ANSYS will update the .LDHI file and delete all .Rnnn files beyond the point of ENDSTEP. The .Rnnn file at the point of ENDSTEP will be rewritten to record the rescaled load level. RSTCREATE -At restart, retrieve information to be written to the results file for the specified load step (LDSTEP) and substep (SUBSTEP). Be sure to use OUTRES to write the results to the .RST file. This action does not affect the .LDHI or .Rnnn files. Previous items stored in the .RST file at and beyond the point of RSTCREATE will be deleted.
Command Default
New static analysis.
Notes
The analysis type Antype cannot be changed if it is a restart run. You can do a multiframe restart only for nonlinear static and full transient structural analyses. (For linear static analyses, you can use a singleframe restart.) The following notes apply to multiframe restart:
?
LDSTEP. SUBSTEP,
and Action are only valid for multiframe restart.
To switch from multiframe restart to the singleframe restart, delete any .RDB, .LDHI, and .Rnnn files in the directory. Issue the ANTYPE,,REST command and use the files .DB, .ESAV or .OSAV, and .EMAT . A new specification of the TIME command within a load step when beginning a multiframe restart is invalid because the load step has been specified previously before restart.
This command is also valid in PREP7.
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Antype
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can only have the values STATIC, BUCKLE, MODAL, HARMIC, TRANS, or SPECTR in ANSYS/Professional. Antype can only have the values STATIC, HARMIC, or TRANS in ANSYS/Emag.
Menu Paths
Main Menu>Preprocessor>Loads>New Analysis Main Menu>Preprocessor>Loads>Restart Main Menu>Solution>New Analysis Main Menu>Solution>Restart Main Menu>Solution>Sol'n Controls
Prev ANTIME Prev /ANUM A Commands
Next /ANUM Next
/ANUM
Name
/ANUM, NUM, TYPE, XHOT, YHOT Specifies the annotation number, type, and hot spot (GUI). group: GRAPHICS:Annotation product: MP ME ST DY PR EM FL PP ED
NUM
Annotation number. ANSYS automatically assigns the lowest available number. You cannot assign a higher number if a lower number is available; ANSYS will substitute the lowest available number in place of any user-specified higher number.
TYPE
Annotation internal type number. If TYPE = DELE, delete annotation NUM. 1 -Text 2 -Block text (not available in GUI) 3 -file://D:\Documents%20and%20Settings\Administrator\Local%20Settings\Temp\~hh... 20.05.2004
A Commands Dimensions 4 -Lines 5 -Rectangles 6 -Circles 7 -Polygons 8 -Arcs 9 -Wedges, pies 11 -Symbols 12 -Arrows 13 -Bitmap
XHOT
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X hot spot (-1.0 < X < 2.0). Used for menu button item delete.
YHOT
Y hot spot (-1.0 < Y < 1.0). Used for menu button item delete.
Command Default
Number, type, and hot spot are automatically determined.
Notes
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This is a command generated by the GUI and will appear in the log file ( Jobname.LOG) if annotation is used. This command is not intended to be typed in directly in an ANSYS session (although it can be included in an input file for batch input or for use with the /INPUT command). Type 13 (bitmap) annotation applies user defined bitmaps defined using the FILE option of the /TXTRE command. This command is valid in any processor.
Menu Paths
Prev ANTYPE Prev AOFFST A Commands
Next AOFFST Next
AOFFST
Name
AOFFST, NAREA, DIST, KINC Generates an area, offset from a given area. group: PREP7:Areas product: MP ME ST DY PR EM FL PP ED
NAREA
Area from which generated area is to be offset. If NAREA = ALL, offset from all selected areas [ASEL]. If NAREA = P, graphical picking is enabled and all remaining arguments are ignored (valid only in the GUI).
DIST
Distance normal to given area at which keypoints for generated area are to be located. Positive normal is determined from the right-hand-rule keypoint order.
KINC
Keypoint increment between areas. If zero, the lowest available keypoint numbers are assigned [NUMSTR ].
Notes
A Commands
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Generates an area (and its corresponding keypoints and lines) offset from a given area. The direction of the offset varies with the given area normal. End slopes of the generated lines remain the same as those of the given pattern. Area and line numbers are automatically assigned, beginning with the lowest available values [NUMSTR].
Menu Paths
Main Menu>Preprocessor>Create>Arbitrary>By Offset
Prev /ANUM Prev AOVLAP A Commands
Next AOVLAP Next
AOVLAP
Name
AOVLAP , NA1, NA2, NA3, NA4, NA5, NA6, NA7, NA8, NA9 Overlaps areas. group: PREP7:Booleans product: MP ME ST DY PR EM FL PP ED
Numbers of areas to be operated on. If NA1 = ALL, use all selected areas and ignore NA2 to NA9. If NA1 = P, graphical picking is enabled and all remaining arguments are ignored (valid only in the GUI). A component name may also be substituted for NA1.
Notes
Generates new areas which encompass the geometry of all the input areas. The new areas are defined by the regions of intersection of the input areas, and by the complementary (non-intersecting) regions. See Solid Modeling in the ANSYS Modeling and Meshing Guide for an illustration. This operation is only valid when the region of intersection is an area. See the BOPTN command for an explanation of the options available to Boolean operations. Element attributes and solid model boundary conditions assigned to the original entities will not be transferred to the new entities generated.
Menu Paths
Main Menu>Preprocessor>Operate>Overlap>Areas
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A Commands Prev AOFFST Prev APLOT A Commands
Page 67 of 114 Next APLOT Next
APLOT
Name
APLOT, NA1, NA2, NINC, DEGEN, SCALE Displays the selected areas. group: PREP7:Areas product: MP ME ST DY PR EM FL PP ED
NA1, NA2, NINC
Displays areas from NA1 to NA2 (defaults to NA1) in steps of NINC (defaults to 1). If NA1 = ALL (default), NA2 and NINC are ignored and all selected areas [ASEL] are displayed.
DEGEN
Degeneracy marker: (blank) -No degeneracy marker is used (default). DEGE -A red star is placed on keypoints at degeneracies (see the ANSYS Modeling and Meshing Guide ). Not available if /FACET,WIRE is set.
SCALE
Scale factor for the size of the degeneracy-marker star. The scale is the size in window space (1 to 1 in both directions) (defaults to .075).
Notes
This command is valid in any processor. The degree of tessellation used to plot the selected areas is set through the /FACET command.
Menu Paths
Main Menu>Preprocessor>Check Geom>Show Degeneracy>Plot Degen Areas Main Menu>Preprocessor>Operate>Show Degeneracy>Plot Degen Areas file://D:\Documents%20and%20Settings\Administrator\Local%20Settings\Temp\~hh... 20.05.2004
A Commands Utility Menu>Plot>Areas Utility Menu>Plot>Specified Entities>Areas
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Prev AOVLAP Prev APPEND A Commands
Next APPEND Next
APPEND
Name
APPEND, LSTEP, SBSTEP, FACT, KIMG, TIME, ANGLE, NSET Reads data from the results file and appends it to the database. group: POST1:Set Up product: MP ME ST DY PR EM FL PP ED
LSTEP
Load step number of the data set to be read. Defaults to 1. If FIRST, ignore SBSTEP and TIME and read the first data set. If LAST, ignore SBSTEP and TIME and read the last data set. If NEXT, ignore SBSTEP and TIME and read the next data set. If already at the last data set, the next set is the first data set. If NEAR, ignore SBSTEP and read the data set nearest to TIME. If TIME is blank, read the first data set. If LIST, scan the results file to produce a summary of each load step ( FACT, KIMG, TIME and ANGLE are ignored).
SBSTEP
Substep number (within LSTEP) (defaults to last substep of load step). For the Buckling (ANTYPE,BUCKLE) or Modal (ANTYPE,MODAL) analysis, the substep corresponds to the mode number (defaults to first mode). If LSTEP = LIST, SBSTEP = 0 or 1 will list the basic load step information; SBSTEP = 2 will also list the load step title, and label the imaginary data sets if they exist.
FACT
Scale factor applied to data read from the file. If zero (or blank), a value of 1.0 is used. Harmonic velocities or accelerations may be calculated from the displacement results from a Modal or Harmonic Response (ANTYPE,HARMIC) analyses. If FACT = VELO, the harmonic velocities (v) are calculated from the displacements (d) at a particular frequency (f) according to the relationship v = 2 fd. Similarly, if FACT = ACEL, the harmonic accelerations (a) are calculated as a = (2 f)2 d.
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KIMG
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Used only with results from complex analyses: 0 -Store real part of complex solution. 1 -Store imaginary part.
TIME
Time-point identifying the data set to be read. For the harmonic response analyses, time corresponds to the frequency. For the buckling analysis, time corresponds to the load factor. Used only in the following cases: If LSTEP is NEAR, read the data set nearest to TIME. If both LSTEP and SBSTEP are zero (or blank), read data set at time = TIME. If TIME is between two solution time points on the results file, a linear interpolation is done between the two data sets. Solution items not written to the results file [OUTRES ] for either data set will result in a null item after data set interpolation. If TIME is beyond the last time point on the file, the last time point is used.
ANGLE
Circumferential location (0 to 360). Defines the circumferential location for the harmonic calculations used when reading from the results file. The harmonic factor (based on the circumferential angle) is applied to the harmonic elements (PLANE25, PLANE75, PLANE78, FLUID81, PLANE83, and SHELL61) of the load case. See the ANSYS, Inc. Theory Reference for details. Note that factored values of applied constraints and loads will overwrite any values existing in the database.
NSET
Data set number of the data set to be read. If a positive value for NSET is entered, LSTEP, SBSTEP, KIMG, and TIME are ignored. Available set numbers can be determined by APPEND,LIST. To determine if data sets are real or imaginary, issue APPEND,LIST,2 which labels imaginary data sets.
Notes
Reads a data set from the results file and appends it to the existing data in the database for the selected model only. The existing database is not cleared (or overwritten in total), allowing the requested results data to be merged into the database. Various operations may also be performed during the read operation. The database must have the model geometry available (or used the RESUME command before the APPEND command to restore the geometry from File.DB).
Menu Paths
Main Menu>General Postproc>By Load Step Main Menu>General Postproc>By Set Number Main Menu>General Postproc>By Time/Freq
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Prev APLOT Prev APTN A Commands
Next APTN Next
APTN
Name
APTN, NA1, NA2, NA3, NA4, NA5, NA6, NA7, NA8, NA9 Partitions areas. group: PREP7:Booleans product: MP ME ST DY PR EM FL PP ED
Numbers of areas to be operated on. If NA1 = ALL, NA2 to NA9 are ignored and all selected areas are used. If NA1 = P, graphical picking is enabled and all remaining arguments are ignored (valid only in the GUI). A component name may be substituted for NA1.
Notes
Partitions areas that intersect. This command is similar to the combined functionality of the ASBA and AOVLAP commands. If the intersection of two or more areas is an area (i.e., planar), new areas will be created with boundaries that conform to the area of intersection and to the boundaries of the non-intersecting portions of the input areas [AOVLAP ]. If the intersection is a line (i.e., not planar), the areas will be subtracted, or divided, along the line(s) of intersection [ASBA]. Both types of intersection can occur during a single APTN operation. Areas that do not intersect will not be modified. See the ANSYS Modeling and Meshing Guide for an illustration. See the BOPTN command for an explanation of the options available to Boolean operations. Element attributes and solid model boundary conditions assigned to the original entities will not be transferred to the new entities generated.
Menu Paths
Main Menu>Preprocessor>Operate>Partition>Areas
Prev APPEND Prev ARCLEN A Commands
Next ARCLEN Next
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ARCLEN
Name
ARCLEN, Key, MAXARC, MINARC Activates the arc-length method. group: SOLUTION:Nonlinear Options product: MP ME ST PP ED
Key
Arc-length key: OFF -Do not use the arc-length method (default). ON -Use the arc-length method.
MAXARC
Maximum multiplier of the reference arc-length radius (default = 10).

MINARC
Minimum multiplier of the reference arc-length radius (default = 1/1000).
Notes
Activates the arc-length method and sets the minimum and maximum multipliers for the arc-length radius. The reference arc-length radius is calculated from the load or displacement increment of the first iteration of the first substep. This increment is determined by the following formula: Reference Arc-Length Radius = Total Load (or Displacement) / NSBSTP where NSBSTP is the number of substeps specified on the NSUBST command. The factors MAXARC and MINARC are used to define the limits of the arc-length radius by using the following formulas: lower limit = MINARC * (Reference Arc-Length Radius) upper limit = MAXARC * (Reference Arc-Length Radius) In each subsequent substep, a new arc-length radius is first calculated based on the arc-length radius of the previous substep and the solution behavior. Next, the newly calculated arc-length radius is
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further modified so that it falls between the range of the upper limit and lower limit. If the solution does not converge even when using the lower limit of the arc-length radius, the solution will terminate. These values, together with the reference arc-length radius, define the limit for the new arc-length radius. ARCLEN must be turned OFF for any load step without an applied load or displacement. You cannot use the arc-length method with the following controls: automatic time stepping [AUTOTS ], line search [LNSRCH], and the DOF solution predictor [PRED]. If you activate the arc-length method after you set any of these controls, a warning message appears. If you choose to proceed with the arc-length method activation, ANSYS disables your automatic time stepping, line search, and DOF predictor settings.
Menu Paths
Main Menu>Solution>Sol'n Controls>advanced nl
Prev APTN Prev ARCOLLAPSE A Commands
Next ARCOLLAPSE Next
ARCOLLAPSE
Name
ARCOLLAPSE, AREA, LINE Collapses specified area to a specified line segment (for models imported from CAD files). group: PREP7:CAD Repair product: MP ME ST DY PR EM FL PP ED
AREA
The ID of the area to collapse.

LINE
The ID of a line belonging to AREA; only the specified line will remain after the area is collapsed.
Notes
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Use this command to simplify the geometry of a model imported from a CAD file (this is a geometry "clean-up" tool). This tool is available only for models imported from CAD files. If AREA has any attached loads or boundary conditions, these must be reattached after the collapse operation (Default IGES option).
Menu Paths
Main Menu>Preprocessor>Simplify>Collapse Areas
Prev ARCLEN Prev ARCTRM A Commands
Next ARCTRM Next
ARCTRM
Name
ARCTRM, Lab, VAL, NODE, DOF Controls termination of the arc-length solution. group: SOLUTION:Nonlinear Options product: MP ME ST PP ED
Lab
Specifies the basis of solution termination: OFF -Does not use ARCTRM to terminate analysis (default). L -Terminates the analysis if the first limit point has been reached. The first limit point is that point in the response history when the tangent stiffness matrix becomes singular (i.e., the point at which the structure becomes unstable). If Lab = L, arguments VAL, NODE, DOF are ignored. U -Terminates the analysis when the displacement first equals or exceeds the maximum desired value.
VAL
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Maximum desired displacement (absolute value). Valid only if Lab = U. The analysis terminates whenever the calculated displacement first equals or exceeds this value. For rotational degrees of freedom, VAL must be in radians (not degrees).
NODE
Node number corresponding to displacement used to compare with displacement specified by VAL. If blank, the maximum displacement will be used. Valid only if Lab = U.
DOF
Valid degree of freedom label for nodal displacement specified by NODE. Valid labels are UX, UY, UZ, ROTX, ROTY, ROTZ. Valid only if NODE>0 and Lab = U.
Notes
It can be convenient to use this command to terminate the analysis when the first limit point is reached. In addition, the NCNV command should be used to limit the maximum number of iterations. If the ARCTRM command is not used, and the applied load is so large that the solution path can never reach that load, the arc-length solution will continue to run until a CPU time limit or a "maximum number of iterations" is reached.
Menu Paths
Prev ARCOLLAPSE Prev ARDETACH A Commands
Next ARDETACH Next
ARDETACH
Name
ARDETACH, AREA1, AREA2, AINC Detaches areas from neighboring geometrical entities (for models imported from CAD files). group: PREP7:CAD Repair product: MP ME ST DY PR EM FL PP ED
AREA1, AREA2, AINC
Detach areas from AREA1 to AREA2 (defaults to AREA1) in steps of AINC (defaults to 1).
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Notes
Use this command to detach non-manifold areas from their neighboring geometric entities. This command is available only for repairing the geometry of models imported from CAD systems (Default IGES option).
Menu Paths
Main Menu>Preprocessor>Geom Repair>Detach Areas
Prev ARCTRM Prev AREAS A Commands
Next AREAS Next
AREAS
Name
AREAS Specifies "Areas" as the subsequent status topic. group: PREP7:Status product: MP ME ST DY PR EM FL PP ED
Notes
This is a status [STAT] topic command. Status topic commands are generated by the GUI and will appear in the log file ( Jobname.LOG) if status is requested for some items under Utility Menu>List>Status. This command will be immediately followed by a STAT command, which will report the status for the specified topic. If entered directly into the program, the STAT command should immediately follow this command.
Menu Paths
This command cannot be accessed from a menu.
Prev ARDETACH Prev AREFINE A Commands
Next AREFINE Next
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AREFINE
Name
AREFINE, NA1, NA2, NINC, LEVEL, DEPTH, POST, RETAIN Refines the mesh around specified areas. group: PREP7:Meshing product: MP ME ST DY PR EM FL PP ED
NA1, NA2, NINC
Areas ( NA1 to NA2 in increments of NINC) around which the mesh is to be refined. NA2 defaults to NA1, and NINC defaults to 1. If NA1 = ALL, NA2 and NINC are ignored and all selected areas are used for refinement. If NA1 = P, graphical picking is enabled and all remaining command fields are ignored (valid only in the GUI). A component name may also be substituted for NA1 (NA2 and NINC are ignored).
LEVEL
Amount of refinement to be done. Specify the value of LEVEL as an integer from 1 to 5, where a value of 1 provides minimal refinement, and a value of 5 provides maximum refinement (defaults to 1).
DEPTH
Depth of mesh refinement in terms of the number of elements outward from the indicated areas (defaults to 1).
POST
Type of postprocessing to be done after element splitting, in order to improve element quality: OFF -No postprocessing will be done. SMOOTH -Smoothing will be done. Node locations may change. CLEAN -Smoothing and cleanup will be done. Existing elements may be deleted, and node locations may change (default).
RETAIN
Flag indicating whether quadrilateral elements must be retained in the refinement of an allfile://D:\Documents%20and%20Settings\Administrator\Local%20Settings\Temp\~hh... 20.05.2004
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quadrilateral mesh. (The ANSYS program ignores the RETAIN argument when you are refining anything other than a quadrilateral mesh.) ON -The final mesh will be composed entirely of quadrilateral elements, regardless of the element quality (default). OFF -The final mesh may include some triangular elements in order to maintain element quality and provide transitioning.
Notes
AREFINE performs local mesh refinement around the specified areas. By default, the indicated elements are split to create new elements with 1/2 the edge length of the original elements ( LEVEL = 1). AREFINE refines all area elements and tetrahedral volume elements that are adjacent to the specified areas. Any volume elements that are adjacent to the specified areas, but are not tetrahedra (for example, hexahedra, wedges, and pyramids), are not refined. You cannot use mesh refinement on a solid model that contains initial conditions at nodes [IC], coupled nodes [CP family of commands], constraint equations [CE family of commands], or boundary conditions or loads applied directly to any of its nodes or elements. This applies to nodes and elements anywhere in the model, not just in the region where you want to request mesh refinement. See Revising Your Model in the ANSYS Modeling and Meshing Guide for additional restrictions on mesh refinement.
Menu Paths
Main Menu>Preprocessor>Modify Mesh>Areas
Prev AREAS Prev AREVERSE A Commands
Next AREVERSE Next
AREVERSE
Name
AREVERSE, ANUM, NOEFLIP Reverses the normal of an area, regardless of its connectivity or mesh status. group: PREP7:Areas product: MP ME ST DY PR EM FL PP ED
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ANUM
Area number of the area whose normal is to be reversed. If ANUM = ALL, the normals of all selected areas will be reversed. If ANUM = P, graphical picking is enabled. A component name may also be substituted for ANUM.
NOEFLIP
Indicates whether you want to change the normal direction of the existing elements on the reversed area(s) so that they are consistent with each area's new normal direction. 0 -Make the normal direction of existing elements on the reversed area(s) consistent with each area's new normal direction (default). 1 -Do not change the normal direction of existing elements on the reversed area(s).
Notes
You cannot use the AREVERSE command to change the normal direction of any element that has a body or surface load. We recommend that you apply all of your loads only after ensuring that the element normal directions are acceptable. Real constants (such as non-uniform shell thickness and tapered beam constants) may be invalidated by an element reversal. See Revising Your Model in the ANSYS Modeling and Meshing Guide for more information.
Menu Paths
Main Menu>Preprocessor>Move / Modify>Reverse Normals>of Areas
Prev AREFINE Prev ARFILL A Commands
Next ARFILL Next
ARFILL
Name
ARFILL, LN1, LN2, LN3 , LN4, LN5, LN6, LN7, LN8, LN9, LN10 Creates an area based on a set of singly-connected lines (for models imported from CAD files).
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A Commands group: PREP7:CAD Repair product: MP ME ST DY PR EM FL PP ED
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List of lines that define the new area. If LN1 = P, graphical picking is enabled and all remaining arguments are ignored (valid only in the GUI). If LN1 = ALL, all selected lines will be checked for possible closure and all open areas will be filled with lines (lines will be added) that form closed loops.
Notes
The ARFILL command creates an area based on the boundary defined by a set of singly-connected lines. No lines in the selected set can be connected to two areas. The area created is the minimum surface defined by the boundary line set. This tool is available only for models imported from CAD files (Default IGES option).
Menu Paths
Main Menu>Preprocessor>Geom Repair>Fill Areas
Prev AREVERSE Prev ARMERGE A Commands
Next ARMERGE Next
ARMERGE
Name
ARMERGE , A1, A2, A3, A4, A5, A6, A7, A8, A9, A10 Merges two or more singly-connected adjacent areas (for models imported from CAD files). group: PREP7:CAD Repair product: MP ME ST DY PR EM FL PP ED
A1, A2, A3, A4, A5, A6, A7, A8, A9, A10
List of areas that define the set of areas to merge. If A1 = P, graphical picking is enabled and all remaining arguments are ignored (valid only in the GUI). If A1 = ALL, all selected areas file://D:\Documents%20and%20Settings\Administrator\Local%20Settings\Temp\~hh... 20.05.2004
A Commands will be merged and all remaining arguments are ignored.
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Notes
The ARMERGE command can concatenate more than two adjacent areas; however, for best results you should limit each merge to two areas. Also, you should restrict merge operations to areas that are clearly simple extensions of each other. If the areas specified in the list have any attached loads or boundary conditions, these will be removed and must be reattached after the merge operation. If the merge operation would result in abnormal parameterization, the command will fail. Use this command to simplify the geometry of a model imported from a CAD file (this is a geometry "clean-up" tool). This tool is available only for models imported from CAD files (Default IGES option).
Menu Paths
Main Menu>Preprocessor>Simplify>Merge Areas
Prev ARFILL Prev AROTAT A Commands
Next AROTAT Next
AROTAT
Name
AROTAT, NL1, NL2, NL3 , NL4, NL5, NL6, PAX1, PAX2, ARC, NSEG Generates cylindrical areas by rotating a line pattern about an axis. group: PREP7:Areas product: MP ME ST DY PR EM FL PP ED
List of lines in the pattern to be rotated (6 maximum if using keyboard entry of NL1 to NL6). The lines must lie in the plane of the axis of rotation. If NL1 = P, graphical picking is enabled and all remaining arguments are ignored (valid only in the GUI). If NL1 = ALL, all selected lines will define the pattern to be rotated. A component name may also be substituted for NL1.
PAX1, PAX2
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A Commands Keypoints defining the axis about which the line pattern is to be rotated.
ARC
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Arc length (in degrees). Positive follows right-hand rule about PAX1-PAX2 vector. Defaults to 360.
NSEG
Number of areas (8 maximum) around circumference. Defaults to minimum number required for 90-maximum arcs, i.e., 4 for 360, 3 for 270 , etc.
Notes
Generates cylindrical areas (and their corresponding keypoints and lines) by rotating a line pattern (and its associated keypoint pattern) about an axis. Keypoint patterns are generated at regular angular locations, based on a maximum spacing of 90. Line patterns are generated at the keypoint patterns. Arc lines are also generated to connect the keypoints circumferentially. Keypoint, line, and area numbers are automatically assigned, beginning with the lowest available values [NUMSTR]. Adjacent lines use a common keypoint. Adjacent areas use a common line.
Menu Paths
Main Menu>Preprocessor>Operate>Extrude>About Axis
Prev ARMERGE Prev ARSCALE A Commands
Next ARSCALE Next
ARSCALE
Name
ARSCALE, NA1, NA2 , NINC, RX, RY, RZ, KINC, NOELEM, IMOVE Generates a scaled set of areas from a pattern of areas. group: PREP7:Areas product: MP ME ST DY PR EM FL PP ED
NA1, NA2, NINC
Set of areas, NA1 to NA2 in steps of NINC, that defines the pattern to be scaled. NA2 defaults to NA1, NINC defaults to 1. If NA1 = ALL, NA2 and NINC are ignored and the pattern is defined by
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all selected areas. If NA1 = P, graphical picking is enabled and all remaining arguments are ignored (valid only in the GUI). A component name may also be substituted for NA1 ( NA2 and NINC are ignored).
RX, RY, RZ
Scale factors to be applied to the X, Y, and Z keypoint coordinates in the active coordinate system. (RR, R , RZ for cylindrical; RR, R , R for spherical). Note that the R and R scale factors are interpreted as angular offsets. For example, if CSYS = 1, RX,RY,RZ input of (1.5,10,3) would scale the specified keypoints 1.5 times in the radial and 3 times in the Z direction, while adding an offset of 10 degrees to the keypoints. Zero, blank, or negative scale factor values are assumed to be 1.0. Zero or blank angular offsets have no effect.
KINC
Increment to be applied to keypoint numbers for generated set. If zero, the lowest available keypoint numbers will be assigned [NUMSTR].
NOELEM
Specifies whether nodes and elements are also to be generated: 0 -Nodes and elements associated with the original areas will be generated (scaled) if they exist. 1 -Nodes and elements will not be generated.
IMOVE
Specifies whether areas will be moved or newly defined: 0 -Additional areas will be generated. 1 -Original areas will be moved to new position ( KINC and NOELEM are ignored). Use only if the old areas are no longer needed at their original positions. Corresponding meshed items are also moved if not needed at their original position.
Notes
Generates a scaled set of areas (and their corresponding keypoints, lines, and mesh) from a pattern of areas. The MAT, TYPE, REAL, and ESYS attributes are based on the areas in the pattern and not the current settings. Scaling is done in the active coordinate system. Areas in the pattern could have been generated in any coordinate system. However, solid modeling in a toroidal coordinate system is not recommended.
Menu Paths
A Commands Main Menu>Preprocessor>Operate>Scale>Areas
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Prev AROTAT Prev ARSPLIT A Commands
Next ARSPLIT Next
ARSPLIT
Name
ARSPLIT, AREA, KP1, KP2, TOL, Factor Splits an area between two keypoints (for models imported from CAD files). group: PREP7:CAD Repair product: MP ME ST DY PR EM FL PP ED
AREA
The ID for the area to be split.

KP1
The ID of an existing keypoint within the area. This will be the starting keypoint for the boundary line. You cannot specify a keypoint for KP1 that is already connected to KP2.
KP2
The ID of an existing keypoint within the area that will become the end point for the boundary line.
TOL
Label to activate user-definable area tolerance. If TOL = TIGHT user-definable tolerances are used and the tolerance factor is specified by Factor.
Factor
The user-definable tolerance factor. Valid entries are integer values from 1 (the tightest setting) to 10 (the loosest and default setting). This is only used when TOL = TIGHT.
Notes
The ARSPLIT command creates a new boundary line between the specified keypoints, splitting the specified area into two areas sharing that boundary. The command will allow you to specify a file://D:\Documents%20and%20Settings\Administrator\Local%20Settings\Temp\~hh... 20.05.2004
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keypoint pair such that the resultant boundary line will fall outside of the confines of the specified area; make sure that the keypoints you select do not create such a line. Use this command to simplify the geometry of a model imported from a CAD file (this is a geometry "clean-up" tool). This tool is available only for models imported from CAD files (Default IGES option). Normally, the default area tolerance is adequate for the ARSPLIT command. However, occasionally when attempting to split an extremely narrow area the ARSPLIT command can fail due to what the error message calls "numerical inadequacies" and you'll be prompted to try another location for the split. You may be able to split the area at the selected keypoints by tightening the area tolerance. To do this, issue the ARSPLIT command with TOL = TIGHT and Factor as an integer between 1 (the default, and loosest tolerance) and 10. You should remove any areas that are split through these arguments. If such areas remain, they may cause Boolean operations involving those areas to fail.
Menu Paths
Main Menu>Preprocessor>Simplify>Split Areas
Prev ARSCALE Prev ARSYM A Commands
Next ARSYM Next
ARSYM
Name
ARSYM, Ncomp, NA1, NA2, NINC, KINC, NOELEM, IMOVE Generates areas from an area pattern by symmetry reflection. group: PREP7:Areas product: MP ME ST DY PR EM FL PP ED
Ncomp
Symmetry key: X -X symmetry (default). Y -Y symmetry.
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A Commands Z -Z symmetry.
NA1, NA2, NINC
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Reflect areas from pattern beginning with NA1 to NA2 (defaults to NA1) in steps of NINC (defaults to 1). If NA1 = ALL, NA2 and NINC are ignored and the pattern is all selected areas [ASEL]. If Ncomp = P, use graphical picking to specify areas and ignore NL2 and NINC. A component name may also be substituted for NA1 ( NA2 and NINC are ignored).
KINC
Keypoint increment between sets. If zero, the lowest available keypoint numbers are assigned [NUMSTR ].
NOELEM
Specifies whether nodes and elements are also to be generated: 0 -Generate nodes and elements associated with the original areas, if they exist. 1 -Do not generate nodes and elements.
IMOVE
Specifies whether areas will be moved or newly defined: 0 -Generate additional areas. 1 -Move original areas to new position retaining the same keypoint numbers (KINC and NOELEM are ignored). Valid only if the old areas are no longer needed at their original positions. Corresponding meshed items are also moved if not needed at their original position.
Notes
Generates a reflected set of areas (and their corresponding keypoints, lines and mesh) from a given area pattern by a symmetry reflection (see analogous node symmetry command, NSYM). The MAT, TYPE, REAL, and ESYS attributes are based upon the areas in the pattern and not upon the current settings. Reflection is done in the active coordinate system by changing a particular coordinate sign. The active coordinate system must be a Cartesian system. Areas in the pattern may have been generated in any coordinate system. However, solid modeling in a toroidal coordinate system is not recommended. Areas are generated as described in the AGEN command.
Menu Paths
A Commands Main Menu>Preprocessor>Reflect>Areas
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Prev ARSPLIT Prev ASBA A Commands
Next ASBA Next
ASBA
Name
ASBA, NA1, NA2, SEPO, KEEP1, KEEP2 Subtracts areas from areas. group: PREP7:Booleans product: MP ME ST DY PR EM FL PP ED
NA1
Area (or areas, if picking is used) to be subtracted from. If ALL, use all selected areas. Areas specified in this argument are not available for use in the NA2 argument. If P, graphical picking is enabled (valid only in the GUI) and remaining fields are ignored. A component name may also be substituted for NA1.
NA2
Area (or areas, if picking is used) to subtract. If ALL, use all selected areas (except those included in the NA1 argument). A component name may also be substituted for NA2.
SEPO
Behavior if the intersection of the NA1 areas and the NA2 areas is a line or lines: (blank) -The resulting areas will share line(s) where they touch. SEPO -The resulting areas will have separate, but coincident line(s) where they touch.
KEEP1
Specifies whether NA1 areas are to be deleted: (blank) -Use the setting of KEEP on the BOPTN command.
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Delete NA1 areas after ASBA operation (override BOPTN command settings). KEEP -Keep NA1 areas after ASBA operation (override BOPTN command settings).
KEEP2
Specifies whether NA2 areas are to be deleted: (blank) -Use the setting of KEEP on the BOPTN command. DELETE -Delete NA2 areas after ASBA operation (override BOPTN command settings). KEEP -Keep NA2 areas after ASBA operation (override BOPTN command settings).
Notes
Generates new areas by subtracting the regions common to both NA1 and NA2 areas (the intersection) from the NA1 areas. The intersection can be an area(s) or line(s). If the intersection is a line and SEPO is blank, the NA1 area is divided at the line and the resulting areas will be connected, sharing a common line where they touch. If SEPO is set to SEPO, NA1 is divided into two unconnected areas with separate lines where they touch. See Solid Modeling in the ANSYS Modeling and Meshing Guide for an illustration. See the BOPTN command for an explanation of the options available to Boolean operations. Element attributes and solid model boundary conditions assigned to the original entities will not be transferred to the new entities generated. ASBA,ALL,ALL will have no effect since all the areas (in NA1) will be unavailable as NA2 areas.
Menu Paths
Main Menu>Preprocessor>Operate>Divide>Area by Area Main Menu>Preprocessor>Operate>Divide>With Options>Area by Area Main Menu>Preprocessor>Operate>Subtract>Areas Main Menu>Preprocessor>Operate>Subtract>With Options>Areas
Prev ARSYM Prev ASBL A Commands
Next ASBL Next
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A Commands
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ASBL
Name
ASBL, NA, NL, --, KEEPA, KEEPL Subtracts lines from areas. group: PREP7:Booleans product: MP ME ST DY PR EM FL PP ED
NA
Area (or areas, if picking is used) to be subtracted from. If ALL, use all selected areas. If P, graphical picking is enabled (valid only in the GUI) and remaining fields are ignored. A component name may also be substituted for NA.
NL
Line (or lines, if picking is used) to subtract. If ALL, use all selected lines. A component name may also be substituted for NL.
--
Unused field.
KEEPA
Specifies whether NA areas are to be deleted: (blank) -Use the setting of KEEP on the BOPTN command. DELETE -Delete NA areas after ASBL operation (override BOPTN command settings). KEEP -Keep NA areas after ASBL operation (override BOPTN command settings).
KEEPL
Specifies whether NL lines are to be deleted: (blank) -Use the setting of KEEP on the BOPTN command. DELETE --
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Delete NL lines after ASBL operation (override BOPTN command settings). KEEP -Keep NL lines after ASBL operation (override BOPTN command settings).
Notes
Generates new areas by subtracting the regions common to both the areas and lines (the intersection) from the NA areas. The intersection will be a line(s). See Solid Modeling in the ANSYS Modeling and Meshing Guide for an illustration. See the BOPTN command for an explanation of the options available to Boolean operations. Element attributes and solid model boundary conditions assigned to the original entities will not be transferred to the new entities generated.
Menu Paths
Main Menu>Preprocessor>Operate>Divide>Area by Line Main Menu>Preprocessor>Operate>Divide>With Options>Area by Line
Prev ASBA Prev ASBV A Commands
Next ASBV Next
ASBV
Name
ASBV, NA, NV, SEPO, KEEPA, KEEPV Subtracts volumes from areas. group: PREP7:Booleans product: MP ME ST DY PR EM FL PP ED
NA
Area (or areas, if picking is used) to be subtracted from. If ALL, use all selected areas. If P, graphical picking is enabled (valid only in the GUI) and remaining fields are ignored. A component name may also be substituted for NA.
NV
Volume (or volumes, if picking is used) to subtract. If ALL, use all selected volumes. A component name may also be substituted for NV.
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SEPO
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Behavior if the intersection of the areas and the volumes is a line or lines: (blank) -The resulting areas will share line(s) where they touch. SEPO -The resulting areas will have separate, but coincident line(s) where they touch.
KEEPA
Specifies whether NA areas are to be deleted: (blank) -Use the setting of KEEP on the BOPTN command. DELETE -Delete NA areas after ASBV operation (override BOPTN command settings). KEEP -Keep NA areas after ASBV operation (override BOPTN command settings).
KEEPV
Specifies whether NV volumes are to be deleted: (blank) -Use the setting of KEEP on the BOPTN command. DELETE -Delete volumes after ASBV operation (override BOPTN command settings). KEEP -Keep volumes after ASBV operation (override BOPTN command settings).
Notes
Generates new areas by subtracting the regions common to both NA areas and NV volumes (the intersection) from the NA areas. The intersection can be an area(s) or line(s). If the intersection is a line and SEPO is blank, the NA area is divided at the line and the resulting areas will be connected, sharing a common line where they touch. If SEPO is set to SEPO, NA is divided into two unconnected areas with separate lines where they touch. See Solid Modeling in the ANSYS Modeling and Meshing Guide for an illustration. See the BOPTN command for an explanation of the options available to Boolean operations. Element attributes and solid model boundary conditions assigned to the original entities will not be transferred to the new entities generated.
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Menu Paths
Main Menu>Preprocessor>Operate>Area by Volu Main Menu>Preprocessor>Operate>Divide>Area by Volume Main Menu>Preprocessor>Operate>Divide>With Options>Area by Volume
Prev ASBL Prev ASBW A Commands
Next ASBW Next
ASBW
Name
ASBW, NA, SEPO, KEEP Subtracts the intersection of the working plane from areas (divides areas). group: PREP7:Booleans product: MP ME ST DY PR EM FL PP ED
NA
Area (or areas, if picking is used) to be subtracted from. If NA = ALL, use all selected areas. If NA = P, graphical picking is enabled (valid only in the GUI). A component name may also be input for NA.
SEPO
Behavior of the created boundary. (blank) -The resulting areas will share line(s) where they touch. SEPO -The resulting areas will have separate, but coincident line(s).
KEEP
Specifies whether NA areas are to be deleted. (blank) -Use the setting of KEEP on the BOPTN command.
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A Commands DELETE --
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Delete NA areas after ASBW operation (override BOPTN command settings). KEEP -Keep NA areas after ASBW operation (override BOPTN command settings).
Notes
Generates new areas by subtracting the intersection of the working plane from the NA areas. The intersection will be a line(s). The working plane must not be in the same plane as the NA areas(s). If SEPO is blank, the NA area is divided at the line and the resulting areas will be connected, sharing a common line where they touch. If SEPO is set to SEPO, NA is divided into two unconnected areas with separate lines. See Solid Modeling in the ANSYS Modeling and Meshing Guide for an illustration. See the BOPTN command for an explanation of the options available to Boolean operations. Element attributes and solid model boundary conditions assigned to the original entities will not be transferred to the new entities generated.
Menu Paths
Main Menu>Preprocessor>Operate>Area by WrkPlane Main Menu>Preprocessor>Operate>Divide>Area by WrkPlane Main Menu>Preprocessor>Operate>Divide>With Options>Area by WrkPlane
Prev ASBV Prev ASEL A Commands
Next ASEL Next
ASEL
Name
ASEL, Type, Item, Comp,VMIN, VMAX, VINC, KSWP Selects a subset of areas. group: DATABASE:Selecting product: MP ME ST DY PR EM FL PP ED
Type
Label identifying the type of select: S --
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A Commands Select a new set (default) R -Reselect a set from the current set. A -Additionally select a set and extend the current set. U -Unselect a set from the current set. ALL -Restore the full set. NONE -Unselect the full set. INVE -Invert the current set (selected becomes unselected and vice versa). STAT -Display the current select status. The following fields are used only with Type = S,R,A, or U:
Item
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Label identifying data. Valid item labels are shown in ASEL - Valid Item and Component Labels. Some items also require a component label. If Item = P, graphical picking is enabled and all remaining command fields are ignored (valid only in the GUI). Defaults to AREA.
Comp
Component of the item (if required). Valid component labels are shown in ASEL - Valid Item and Component Labels.
VMIN
Minimum value of item range. Ranges are area numbers, coordinate values, attribute numbers, etc., as appropriate for the item. A component name (as specified on the CM command) may also be substituted for VMIN (VMAX and VINC are ignored). If Item = MAT, TYPE, REAL, or ESYS and if VMIN is positive, the absolute value of Item is compared against the range for selection; if VMIN is negative, the signed value of Item is compared. See the ALIST command for a discussion of signed attributes.
VMAX
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Maximum value of item range. VMAX defaults to VMIN. If VMAX = VMIN, a tolerance of 0.005 x VMIN is used, or 1.0E-6 if VMIN = 0.0. If VMAX VMIN, a tolerance of 1.0E-8 x (VMAX-VMIN) is used.
VINC
Value increment within range. Used only with integer ranges (such as for area numbers). Defaults to 1. VINC cannot be negative.
KSWP
Specifies whether only areas are to be selected: 0 -Select areas only. 1 -Select areas, as well as keypoints, lines, nodes, and elements associated with selected areas. Valid only with Type = S.
Command Default
All areas are selected.
Notes
Selects a subset of areas. For example, to select those areas with area numbers 1 through 7, use ASEL,S,AREA,,1,7. The selected subset is then used when the ALL label is entered (or implied) on other commands, such as ALIST,ALL. Only data identified by area number are selected. Data are flagged as selected and unselected; no data are actually deleted from the database. If Item = ACCA, the command selects only those areas that were created by concatenation. The KSWP field is processed, but the Comp, VMIN, VMAX, and VINC fields are ignored. This command is valid in any processor. ASEL - Valid Item and Component Labels Valid Item and Component Labels ASEL, Type, Item, Comp, VMIN, VMAX, VINC, KSWP Item Comp Description AREA Area number. EXT Area numbers on exterior of selected volumes (ignore remaining fields). X, Y, LOC X, Y, or Z center (picking "hot spot" location in the active coordinate system). Z HPT Area number (selects only areas with associated hard points). MAT Material number associated with the area. TYPE Element type number associated with the area. REAL Real constant set number associated with the area. ESYS Element coordinate system associated with the area.
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A Commands SECN ACCA
Page 95 of 114 Section number associated with the area. Concatenated areas (selects only areas that were created by area concatenation [ACCAT]).
Menu Paths
Main Menu>Preprocessor>Loads>Apply>Turbulence>On Areas Main Menu>Solution>Apply>Turbulence>On Areas Utility Menu>Select>Entities
Prev ASBW Prev *ASK A Commands
Next *ASK Next
*ASK
Name
*ASK, Par, Query, DVAL Prompts the user to input a parameter value. group: APDL:Parameters product: MP ME ST DY PR EM FL PP ED
Par
An alphanumeric name used to identify the scalar parameter. See *SET for name restrictions.
Query
Text string to be displayed on the next line as the query (32 characters maximum). Characters having special meaning (such as $ ! ,) should not be included.
DVAL
Default value assigned to the parameter if the user issues a blank response. May be a number or character string (up to 8 characters enclosed in single quotes). If a default is not assigned, a blank response will delete the parameter.
Notes
Intended primarily for use in macros, the command prints the query (after the word ENTER) on the next line and waits for a response. The response is read from the keyboard, except in batch mode
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[/BATCH ], when the response(s) must be the next-read input line(s). The response may be a number, a character string (up to 8 characters enclosed in single quotes), a parameter (numeric or character) or an expression that evaluates to a number. The scalar parameter is then set to the response value. For example, *ASK,NN,PARAMETER NN will set NN to the value entered on the next line (after the prompt ENTER PARAMETER NN). The *ASK command is not written to File.LOG, but the responses are written there as follows: If *ASK is contained in a macro, the response(s) (only) is written to File.LOG on the line(s) following the macro name. If not contained in a macro, the response is written to File.LOG as a parameter assignment (i.e., Par = "user-response"). If used within a do-loop that is executed interactively, *ASK should be contained in a macro. If not contained in a macro, *ASK will still query the user as intended, but the resulting log file will not reproduce the effects of the original run. This command is valid in any processor.
Menu Paths
Prev ASEL Prev ASKIN A Commands
Next ASKIN Next
ASKIN
Name
ASKIN, NL1, NL2, NL3, NL4, NL5, NL6, NL7, NL8, NL9 Generates an area by "skinning" a surface through guiding lines. group: PREP7:Areas product: MP ME ST DY PR EM FL PP ED
NL1
The first guiding line forming the skinned area. If NL1 = P, graphical picking is enabled and all remaining arguments are ignored (valid only in the GUI). A component name may also be substituted for NL1. If NL1 is negative, the line beginnings and ends will be used to direct the skinning of the remaining lines (see Changing the ASKIN Algorithm below).
NL2, NL3, NL4, NL5, NL6, NL7, NL8, NL9
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The additional guiding lines for the skinned area (up to 9 total lines, including NL1, if using keyboard entry). If negative (and NL1 is negative), the line beginning and end will be temporarily interchanged for the skinning operation (see Changing the ASKIN Algorithm below).
Notes
Generates an area by "skinning" a surface through specified guiding lines. The lines act as a set of "ribs" over which a surface is "stretched." Two opposite edges of the area are framed by the first (NL1) and last (NLn) guiding lines specified. The other two edges of the area are framed by splines-fit lines which the program automatically generates through the ends of all guiding lines. The interior of the area is shaped by the interior guiding lines. Once the area has been created, only the four edge lines will be attached to it. In rare cases, it may be necessary to change the default algorithm used by the ASKIN command (see Changing the ASKIN Algorithm below).
Changing the ASKIN Algorithm

When skinning from one guiding line to the next, the program can create the transition area in one of two ways: one more spiraled and one less spiraled ("flatter"). By default, the program attempts to produce the flatter transition, instead of the more spiraled transition. This algorithm can be changed by inputting NL1 as a negative number, in which case the program connects all the keypoints at the line "beginnings" (/PSYMB,LDIR command) as one edge of the area, and all the line "ends" as the opposite edge, irrespective of the amount of spiraling produced in each transition area. To further control the geometry of the area (if NL1 is negative), the beginning and end of any specified line (other than NL1) can be temporarily interchanged (for the skinning operation only) by inputting that line number as negative. See Solid Modeling in the ANSYS Modeling and Meshing Guide for an illustration.
Menu Paths
Main Menu>Preprocessor>Create>Arbitrary>By Skinning
Prev *ASK Prev ASLL A Commands
Next ASLL Next
ASLL
Name
ASLL, Type, ARKEY Selects those areas containing the selected lines. group: DATABASE:Selecting product: MP ME ST DY PR EM FL PP ED
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Type
Label identifying the type of area select: S -Select a new set (default). R -Reselect a set from the current set. A -Additionally select a set and extend the current set. U -Unselect a set from the current set.
ARKEY
Specifies whether all contained area lines must be selected [LSEL]: 0 -Select area if any of its lines are in the selected line set. 1 -Select area only if all of its lines are in the selected line set.
Notes
This command is valid in any processor.
Menu Paths
Utility Menu>Select>Entities
Prev ASKIN Prev ASLV A Commands
Next ASLV Next
ASLV
A Commands
Page 99 of 114
Name
ASLV, Type Selects those areas contained in the selected volumes. group: DATABASE:Selecting product: MP ME ST DY PR EM FL PP ED
Type
Label identifying the type of area select: S -Select a new set (default). R -Reselect a set from the current set. A -Additionally select a set and extend the current set. U -Unselect a set from the current set.
Notes
Menu Paths
Prev ASLL Prev /ASSIGN A Commands
Next /ASSIGN Next
/ASSIGN
Name
/ASSIGN, Ident, Fname, Ext, Dir Reassigns a file name to an ANSYS file identifier. file://D:\Documents%20and%20Settings\Administrator\Local%20Settings\Temp\~hh... 20.05.2004
A Commands group: SESSION:Files product: MP ME ST DY PR EM FL PP ED
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Ident
ANSYS file name identifier. Valid identifiers are: EMAT, ESAV, FULL, REDM, MODE, RDSP, RFRQ, TRI, RST, RTH, RMG, EROT, OSAV, RFL, and SELD. See the ANSYS Basic Analysis Guide for file descriptions. If blank, list currently reassigned files.
Fname
File name (32 characters maximum).

Ext
Filename extension (8 character maximum).

Dir
Notes
The reassignment of file names is valid only if it is done before the file is used. All file reassignments are retained (not cleared) even if the database is cleared [/CLEAR] or the Jobname is changed [/FILNAME]. Assigned files may be overwritten. If file name arguments (Fname, Ext, Dir) are blank, the default ANSYS assignment is restored. Use SEOPT for SUB files and SEEXP for DSUB files. This command is valid only at the Begin Level.
Menu Paths
Utility Menu>File>ANSYS File Options
Prev ASLV Prev ASUB A Commands
Next ASUB Next
ASUB
Name
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A Commands ASUB, NA1, P1, P2, P3, P4 Generates an area using the shape of an existing area. group: PREP7:Areas product: MP ME ST DY PR EM FL PP ED
Page 101 of 114
NA1
Existing area number whose shape is to be used. If P1 = P, graphical picking is enabled and all remaining arguments are ignored (valid only in the GUI).
P1
Keypoint defining starting corner of area.

P2
Keypoint defining second corner of area.

P3
Keypoint defining third corner of area.

P4
Keypoint defining fourth corner of area (defaults to P3).
Notes
The new area will overlay the old area. Often used when the area to be subdivided consists of a complex shape that was not generated in a single coordinate system. Keypoints and any corresponding lines must lie on the existing area. Missing lines are generated to lie on the given area. The active coordinate system is ignored.
Menu Paths
Main Menu>Preprocessor>Create>Arbitrary>Overlaid on Area
Prev /ASSIGN Prev ASUM A Commands
Next ASUM Next
ASUM
A Commands
Page 102 of 114
Name
ASUM, LAB Calculates and prints geometry statistics of the selected areas. group: PREP7:Areas product: MP ME ST DY PR EM FL PP ED
LAB
Controls the degree of tessellation used in the calculation of area properties. If LAB = DEFAULT, area calculations will use the degree of tessellation set through the /FACET command. If LAB = FINE, area calculations are based on a finer tessellation.
Notes
Calculates and prints geometry statistics (area, centroid location, moments of inertia, volume, etc.) associated with the selected areas. ASUM should only be used on perfectly flat areas. Geometry items are reported in the global Cartesian coordinate system. A unit density (and thickness) is assumed unless the areas have a material (and real constant) association via the AATT command. Items that are calculated by ASUM and later retrieved by a *GET or *VGET command are valid only if the model is not modified after the ASUM command is issued. Setting a finer degree of tessellation will provide area calculations with greater accuracy, especially for thin, hollow models. However, using a finer degree of tessellation requires longer processing. For very narrow (sliver) areas, such that the ratio of the minimum to the maximum dimension is less than 0.01, the ASUM command can provide erroneous area information. To ensure that such calculations are accurate, make certain that you subdivide such areas so that the ratio of the minimum to the maximum is at least 0.05.
Menu Paths
Main Menu>Preprocessor>Operate>Calc Geom Items>Of Areas
Prev ASUB Prev ATAN A Commands
Next ATAN Next
ATAN
Name
A Commands
Page 103 of 114
ATAN, IR, IA, --, --, Name, --, --, FACTA Forms the arctangent of a complex variable. group: POST26:Operations product: MP ME ST DY PR EM PP ED
IR
IA
Reference number of the complex variable to be operated on.

--, --
Unused fields.
Name
--, --
Unused fields.
FACTA
Scaling factor (positive or negative) applied to variable IA (defaults to 1.0). Usually FACTA should be set to 1. FACTA may affect the position of the angle by a multiple of , resulting in a quadrant change.
Notes
Forms the arctangent of a complex variable according to the operation:
IR
= ATAN(FACTA X b/a)
where a and b are the real and imaginary parts, respectively, of the complex variable IA (which is of the form a+ib). The arctangent represents the phase angle (in radians), and is valid only for a harmonic analysis (ANTYPE,HARMIC). Since the scaling factor is applied uniformly to b/a, applying any positive or negative scaling factor will not affect the size of the phase angle, with the exception that a negative scaling factor will change the results quadrant by . The magnitude of a complex number is still obtained through the ABS command. See the ANSYS, Inc. Theory Reference for details.
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Menu Paths
Main Menu>TimeHist Postpro>Math Operations>Arctangent
Prev ASUM Prev ATRAN A Commands
Next ATRAN Next
ATRAN
Name
ATRAN, KCNTO, NA1, NA2, NINC, KINC, NOELEM, IMOVE Transfers a pattern of areas to another coordinate system. group: PREP7:Areas product: MP ME ST DY PR EM FL PP ED
KCNTO
Reference number of coordinate system where the pattern is to be transferred. Transfer occurs from the active coordinate system. The coordinate system type and parameters of KCNTO must be the same as the active system.
NA1, NA2, NINC
Transfer area pattern beginning with NA1 to NA2 (defaults to NA1) in steps of NINC (defaults to 1). If NA1 = ALL, NA2 and NINC are ignored and the pattern is all selected areas [ASEL]. If NA1 = P, graphical picking is enabled and all remaining arguments are ignored (valid only in the GUI). A component name may also be substituted for NA1 (NA2 and NINC are ignored).
KINC
NOELEM
Specifies whether elements and nodes are also to be generated: 0 -Generate nodes and elements associated with the original areas, if they exist. 1 -file://D:\Documents%20and%20Settings\Administrator\Local%20Settings\Temp\~hh... 20.05.2004
A Commands Do not generate nodes and elements.

IMOVE
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Specifies whether to redefine the existing areas: 0 -Generate additional areas. 1 -Move original areas to new position retaining the same keypoint numbers (KINC and NOELEM are ignored). Valid only if the old areas are no longer needed at their original positions. Corresponding meshed items are also moved if not needed at their original position.
Notes
Transfers a pattern of areas (and their corresponding lines, keypoints and mesh) from one coordinate system to another (see analogous node TRANSFER command). The MAT, TYPE, REAL, and ESYS attributes are based upon the areas in the pattern and not upon the current settings. Coordinate systems may be translated and rotated relative to each other. Initial pattern may be generated in any coordinate system. However, solid modeling in a toroidal coordinate system is not recommended. Coordinate and slope values are interpreted in the active coordinate system and are transferred directly. Areas are generated as described in the AGEN command.
Menu Paths
Main Menu>Preprocessor>Move / Modify>Transfer Coord>Areas
Prev ATAN Prev ATYPE A Commands
Next ATYPE Next
ATYPE
Name
ATYPE Specifies "Analysis types" as the subsequent status topic. group: SOLUTION:Status product: MP ME ST DY PR EM FL PP ED
Notes
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Menu Paths
Utility Menu>List>Status>Solution>Analysis Type
Prev ATRAN Prev /AUTO A Commands
Next /AUTO Next
/AUTO
Name
/AUTO, WN Resets the focus and distance specifications to "automatically calculated." group: GRAPHICS:Views product: MP ME ST DY PR EM FL PP ED
WN
Window number (or ALL) to which command applies (defaults to 1).
Notes
Focus point and distance will be automatically calculated during next display. Settings may still be changed with the /FOCUS and /DIST commands after this command has been issued. See also the /USER command. This command is valid in any processor.
Menu Paths
Utility Menu>PlotCtrls>Pan, Zoom, Rotate Utility Menu>PlotCtrls>View Settings>Automatic Fit Mode
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A Commands Prev ATYPE Prev AUTOTS A Commands
Page 107 of 114 Next AUTOTS Next
AUTOTS
Name
AUTOTS , Key Specifies whether to use automatic time stepping or load stepping. group: SOLUTION:Load Step Options product: MP ME ST PR EM PP ED
Key
Automatic time stepping key: OFF -Do not use automatic time stepping. ON -Use automatic time stepping.
Command Default
ANSYS determined time stepping when SOLCONTROL,ON. No automatic time stepping when SOLCONTROL,OFF.
Notes
Specifies whether to use automatic time stepping (or load stepping) over this load step. If Key = ON, both time step prediction and time step bisection will be used. Used only if DTIME (specified on the DELTIM command) is less than the time span or conversely, if NSBSTP (on the NSUBST command) is greater than one. If you run an analysis with SOLCONTROL,ON, but do not issue the AUTOTS command, ANSYS will choose whether or not to use automatic time stepping. The program-chosen option will be recorded on the log file as AUTOTS,-1. You cannot use automatic time stepping [AUTOTS], line search [LNSRCH], or the DOF solution predictor [PRED] with the arc-length method [ARCLEN, ARCTRM]. If you activate the arc-length method after you set AUTOTS , LNSRCH, or PRED, a warning message appears. If you choose to proceed with the arc-length method activation, ANSYS disables your automatic time stepping, line search, and DOF predictor settings. file://D:\Documents%20and%20Settings\Administrator\Local%20Settings\Temp\~hh... 20.05.2004
A Commands This command is also valid in PREP7.
Page 108 of 114
Menu Paths
Main Menu>Preprocessor>Loads>Time/Frequenc>Time - Time Step Main Menu>Preprocessor>Loads>Time/Frequenc>Time and Substps Main Menu>Solution>Sol'n Controls Main Menu>Solution>Time/Frequenc>Time - Time Step Main Menu>Solution>Time/Frequenc>Time and Substps
Prev /AUTO Prev /AUX2 A Commands
Next /AUX2 Next
/AUX2
Name
/AUX2 Enters the binary file dumping processor. group: AUX2:Binary Files SESSION:Processor Entry product: MP ME ST DY PR EM FL PP ED
Notes
Enters the binary file dumping processor (ANSYS auxiliary processor AUX2). This processor is used to dump the contents of certain ANSYS binary files for visual examination. This command is valid only at the Begin Level.
Menu Paths
Utility Menu>File>List>Binary Files Utility Menu>List>Files>Binary Files
Prev AUTOTS Prev /AUX3 A Commands
Next /AUX3 Next
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A Commands
Page 109 of 114
/AUX3
Name
/AUX3 Enters the results file editing processor. group: AUX3:Binary Files SESSION:Processor Entry product: MP ME ST DY PR EM FL PP ED
Notes
Enters the results file editing processor (ANSYS auxiliary processor AUX3). This processor is used to edit ANSYS results files. This command is valid only at the Begin Level.
Menu Paths
Prev /AUX2 Prev /AUX12 A Commands
Next /AUX12 Next
/AUX12
Name
/AUX12 Enters the radiation processor. group: AUX12:Radiation Substructures SESSION:Processor Entry product: MP ME PR PP ED
Notes
Enters the radiation processor (ANSYS auxiliary processor AUX12). This processor supports the Radiation Matrix and the Radiosity Solver methods. This command is valid only at the Begin Level.
Menu Paths
20.05.2004
A Commands Main Menu>Radiation Matrix
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Prev /AUX3 Prev /AUX15 A Commands
Next /AUX15 Next
/AUX15
Name
/AUX15 Enters the IGES file transfer processor. group: AUX15:IGES POST1:Controls product: MP ME ST DY PR EM FL PP ED
Notes
Enters the IGES file transfer processor (ANSYS auxiliary processor AUX15), used to read an IGES data file into the ANSYS program. This command is valid only at the Begin Level.
Menu Paths
Utility Menu>File>Import
Prev /AUX12 Prev AVPRIN A Commands
Next AVPRIN Next
AVPRIN
Name
AVPRIN, KEY, EFFNU Specifies how principal and vector sums are to be calculated. group: POST1:Controls product: MP ME ST DY PR EM PP ED
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KEY
Averaging key: 0 -Average the component values from the elements at a common node, then calculate the principal or vector sum from the averaged components (default). 1 -Calculate the principal or vector sum values on a per element basis, then average these values from the elements at a common node.
EFFNU
Effective Poisson's ratio used for computing the von Mises equivalent strain (EQV). This command option is intended to be used only for line elements; ANSYS automatically selects the most appropriate effective Poisson's ratio, as discussed below.
Command Default
Average components at common node before principal or vector sum calculation.
Notes
Selects the method of combining components for certain derived nodal results when two or more elements connect to a common node. The methods apply to the calculations of derived nodal principal stresses, principal strains, and vector sums for selects, sorts, and output [NSEL, NSORT, PRNSOL, PLNSOL, etc.]. This command also defines the effective Poisson's ratio ( EFFNU) used for equivalent strain calculations. If you use EFFNU, the default effective Poisson's ratios shown below will be overridden for all elements by the EFFNU value. To return to the default settings, issue the RESET command.
?
From user input for EPEL and EPTH Set to 0.5 for EPPL and EPCR Set to 0.5 if the referenced material is hyperelastic Set to 0.0 for line elements (includes beam, link, and pipe elements, as well as discrete elements)
See the ANSYS, Inc. Theory Reference for more information.
Menu Paths
Main Menu>General Postproc>Element Table>Define Table Main Menu>General Postproc>List Results>Nodal Solution
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A Commands Main Menu>General Postproc>Options for Outp Main Menu>General Postproc>Path Operations>FE Results Main Menu>General Postproc>Path Operations>Map onto Path Main Menu>General Postproc>Plot Results>Element Solu Main Menu>General Postproc>Plot Results>Nodal Solu Utility Menu>List>Results>Nodal Solution Utility Menu>List>Results>Options Utility Menu>Plot>Results>Contour Plot>Elem Solution Utility Menu>Plot>Results>Contour Plot>Nodal Solution
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Prev /AUX15 Prev AVRES A Commands
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AVRES
Name
AVRES, KEY, Opt Specifies how results data will be averaged when PowerGraphics is enabled. group: POST1:Controls product: MP ME ST DY PR EM FL PP ED
KEY
Averaging key. 1 -Average results at all common subgrid locations. 2 -Average results at all common subgrid locations except where material type [MAT] discontinuities exist. This option is the default. 3 -Average results at all common subgrid locations except where real constant [REAL] discontinuities exist. 4 --
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A Commands
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Average results at all common subgrid locations except where material type [MAT] or real constant [REAL] discontinuities exist.
Opt
Option to determine how results data are averaged. (blank) -Average surface results data using only the exterior element faces (default). FULL -Average surface results data using the exterior face and interior element data. This option is invalid if cyclic expansion (/CYCEXPAND) is active.
Notes
The AVRES command specifies how results data will be averaged at subgrid locations that are common to 2 or more elements. The command is valid only when PowerGraphics is enabled (via the /GRAPHICS,POWER command). The command affects nodal solution contour plots (PLNSOL), nodal solution printout (PRNSOL), and subgrid solution results accessed through the Query Results function (under General Postprocessing) in the GUI. The command has no effect on the nodal degree of freedom solution values (UX, UY, UZ, TEMP, etc.). The command is also available in /SOLU.
Menu Paths
Main Menu>General Postproc>Options for Outp Utility Menu>List>Results>Options
Prev AVPRIN Prev /AXLAB A Commands
Next /AXLAB Next
/AXLAB
Name
/AXLAB, Axis, Lab Labels the X and Y axes on graph displays. group: GRAPHICS:Graphs
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A Commands product: MP ME ST DY PR EM FL PP ED
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Axis
Axis specifier: X -Apply label to X axis. Y -Apply label to Y axis.

Lab
Axis label (user defined text up to 30 characters long). Leave blank to reestablish the default for Axis axis.
Command Default
Labels are determined by the program.
Notes
Menu Paths
Main Menu>Drop Test>Time History>Graph Variables Main Menu>Drop Test>Time History>List Variables Utility Menu>PlotCtrls>Style>Graphs>Modify Axes
Prev AVRES
Next B Commands
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B Commands B Commands ANSYS Commands Reference
Page 1 of 48
Prev
Next
B Commands
Table of Contents /BATCH BELLOW BEND BETAD BF BFA BFADELE BFALIST BFCUM BFDELE BFE BFECUM BFEDELE BFELIST BFESCAL BFINT BFK BFKDELE BFKLIST BFL BFLDELE BFLIST BFLLIST BFSCALE BFTRAN BFUNIF BFV BFVDELE BFVLIST BIOOPT BIOT BLC4 BLC5 BLOCK BOOL BOPTN BRANCH BSPLIN BTOL BUCOPT
Next 20.05.2004
B Commands /AXLAB Prev /BATCH B Commands
Page 2 of 48 /BATCH Next
/BATCH
Name
/BATCH, Lab Sets the program mode to "batch." group: SESSION:Run Controls product: MP ME ST DY PR EM FL PP ED
Lab
Specifies listing mode during a batch run: LIST -The batch output will include a listing of the input file. (blank) -Suppress input data listing.
Command Default
Interactive mode.
Notes
Sets the program mode to "batch" when included as the first line on an input file of ANSYS commands. For convenience, this command is automatically recorded on the log file ( Jobname.LOG) at the beginning of an interactive ANSYS session so that the log file can be reused later for batch input.
Caution
Caution: This command should not be entered directly in an interactive ANSYS session since all subsequent keyboard input is simply copied to a file, without further processing or prompts from the program (use the "system break" to exit the ANSYS program if this occurs). The recommended method for choosing batch mode, rather than using the /BATCH command, is to select Batch from the Run ANSYS task in the ANSYS launcher, or the batch mode entry option on the ANSYS execution command when entering the program.
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B Commands This command is valid only at the Begin Level.
Page 3 of 48
Menu Paths
Prev B Commands Prev BELLOW B Commands
Next BELLOW Next
BELLOW
Name
BELLOW, NLOC, LENG, STIFF, FLEX, ELEM Defines a bellows in a piping run. group: PREP7:Piping product: MP ME ST PR PP ED
NLOC
Node where bellows is to be placed. Defaults to current run starting point [RUN].
LENG
Length of bellows (defaults to average pipe OD).

STIFF
Axial stiffness value (defaults to that of equivalent straight pipe).

FLEX
Bending flexibility factor (defaults to 1.0).

ELEM
Element number to be assigned to bellows (defaults to the previous maximum element number (MAXEL) + 1).
Notes
Defines a bellows (straight pipe element (PIPE16) with adjusted specifications and loadings) at a
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B Commands given location in a piping run.
Page 4 of 48
Menu Paths
Main Menu>Preprocessor>Create>Piping Models>Bellows
Prev /BATCH Prev BEND B Commands
Next BEND Next
BEND
Name
BEND, NEL1, NEL2 , RAD, NDIV, ESTRT, EINC Defines a bend in a piping run. group: PREP7:Piping product: MP ME ST PR PP ED
NEL1, NEL2
Element numbers of the two intersecting straight pipes. Defaults to the last two straight pipe elements nearest the intersection of the last two runs.
RAD
Bend radius. If LR, use long radius standard (1.5 x nominal diameter) (default). If SR, use short radius standard (1.0 x nominal diameter).
NDIV
Number of divisions (elements) along bend (defaults to 2). A node is generated at the end of each division.
ESTRT
Number to be assigned to first element of bend (defaults to MAXEL + 1).

EINC
Element number increment (defaults to 1).
Notes
B Commands
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Defines a bend of curved (elbow) pipe elements (PIPE18) in place of the intersection of two previously defined straight pipe elements [RUN]. Two new nodes are generated at the ends of the bend (at the tangency points). A node is also generated at the center of curvature point. The two straight pipes are automatically "shortened" to meet the ends of the bend. The bend specifications and loadings are taken from the corresponding two straight pipes. The flexibility factors are calculated from the internal pressure and EX (evaluated at TAVE) based on the current PPRES and PTEMP command specifications when the element is generated.
Menu Paths
Main Menu>Preprocessor>Create>Piping Models>Elbow
Prev BELLOW Prev BETAD B Commands
Next BETAD Next
BETAD
Name
BETAD, VALUE Defines the stiffness matrix multiplier for damping. group: SOLUTION:Dynamic Options product: MP ME ST PP ED
VALUE
Stiffness matrix multiplier for damping.
Notes
This command defines the stiffness matrix multiplier, , in the damping expression given in the ALPHAD command. Values of may also be input as a material property (use the DAMP label on the MP command). If DAMP is included, the DAMP value is added to the BETAD value as appropriate (see the ANSYS, Inc. Theory Reference). Damping is not used in the static (ANTYPE,STATIC) or buckling (ANTYPE,BUCKLE) analyses. This command is also valid in PREP7.
Menu Paths
Main Menu>Preprocessor>Loads>Time/Frequenc>Damping
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B Commands Main Menu>Solution>Sol'n Controls Main Menu>Solution>Time/Frequenc>Damping
Page 6 of 48
Prev BEND Prev BF B Commands
Next BF Next
BF
Name
BF, NODE, Lab, VAL1 , VAL2, VAL3, PHASE Defines a nodal body force load. group: SOLUTION:FE Body Loads product: MP ME ST PR EM FL PP ED
NODE
Node to which body load applies. If NODE = ALL, apply to all selected nodes [NSEL]. If NODE = P, graphical picking is enabled and all remaining command fields are ignored (valid only in the GUI). A component name may also be substituted for NODE.
Lab
Valid body load label. Load labels are listed under "Body Loads" in the input table for each element type in the ANSYS Elements Reference. Structural labels: TEMP (temperature), FLUE (fluence). Thermal labels: HGEN (heat generation rate). Magnetic labels: TEMP (temperature), MVDI (magnetic virtual displacements flag). Electric labels: TEMP (temperature), CHRGD (charge density). High-frequency electromagnetic labels: JS (current density), H (magnetic field), EF (electric field), PORT (interior port). FLOTRAN labels: HGEN (heat generation rate), FORC (nodal body force densities in momentum equation).
VAL1, VAL2, VAL3
Value associated with the Lab item or table name reference for tabular boundary conditions. To specify a table, enclose the table name in percent signs (%) (e.g., BF,NODE,TEMP,% tabname%). Use the *DIM command to define a table. Use only VAL1 for TEMP, FLUE, HGEN, MVDI, CHRGD, and PORT. Use VAL1, VAL2, VAL3 for the X, Y, and Z components of JS, H, EF, and FORC.
PHASE
Phase angle in degrees associated with the JS, H, and EF labels.
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B Commands
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Notes
Defines a nodal body force load (such as temperature in a structural analysis, heat generation rate in a thermal analysis, etc.). Nodal body loads default to the BFUNIF values, if they were previously specified. You can specify a table name (VAL = %tabname%) only for temperature (TEMP), heat generation rate (HGEN), and nodal body force density (FORC) body load labels. When using TEMP, you can define a one-dimensional table that varies with respect to time (TIME) only. When defining this table, enter TIME as the primary variable. No other primary variables are valid. This command is also valid in PREP7.
Menu Paths
Main Menu>Preprocessor>Loads>Apply>Boundary>-Temperature->On Nodes Main Menu>Preprocessor>Loads>Apply>Excitation>On Nodes Main Menu>Preprocessor>Loads>Apply>Heat Generat>On Nodes Main Menu>Preprocessor>Loads>Apply>Other>On Nodes Main Menu>Solution>Apply>Boundary>-Temperature->On Nodes Main Menu>Solution>Apply>Excitation>On Nodes Main Menu>Solution>Apply>Heat Generat>On Nodes Main Menu>Solution>Apply>Other>On Nodes
Prev BETAD Prev BFA B Commands
Next BFA Next
BFA
Name
BFA, AREA, Lab, VAL1, VAL2, VAL3, PHASE Defines a body force load on an area. group: SOLUTION:Solid Body Loads product: MP ME ST PR EM PP ED
AREA
Area to which body load applies. If ALL, apply to all selected areas [ASEL]. If AREA = P, graphical picking is enabled and all remaining command fields are ignored (valid only in the GUI). A component name may also be substituted for AREA. file://D:\Documents%20and%20Settings\Administrator\Local%20Settings\Temp\~hh... 20.05.2004
B Commands
Lab
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Valid body load label. Load labels are listed under "Body Loads" in the input table for each element type in the ANSYS Elements Reference. Structural labels: TEMP (temperature), FLUE (fluence). Thermal labels: HGEN (heat generation rate). Magnetic labels: TEMP (temperature), JS (current densities), VLTG (voltage drop). Electric labels: TEMP (temperature), CHRGD (charge density). High-frequency electromagnetic labels: JS (current density), H (magnetic field), EF (electric field), PORT (interior port). FLOTRAN label: HGEN (heat generation rate).
VAL1, VAL2, VAL3
Value associated with the Lab item or a table name for specifying tabular boundary conditions. Use only VAL1 for TEMP, FLUE, HGEN, CHRGD, and PORT. Use VAL1, VAL2, and VAL3 for the X, Y, and Z components of JS, H, and EF. For Lab = VLTG, VAL1 is the voltage drop and VAL2 is the phase angle. When specifying a table name, you must enclose the table name in percent signs (%), e.g., BFA,AREA,Lab,%tabname%. Use the *DIM command to define a table.
PHASE
Phase angle in degrees associated with the JS, H, and EF labels.
Notes
Defines a body force load (such as temperature in a structural analysis, heat generation rate in a thermal analysis, etc.) on an area. Body loads may be transferred from areas to area elements (or to nodes if area elements do not exist) with the BFTRAN or SBCTRAN commands. Body loads default to the value specified on the BFUNIF command, if it was previously specified. You can specify a table name only when using temperature (TEMP) and heat generation rate (HGEN) body load labels. When using TEMP, you can define a one-dimensional table that varies with respect to time (TIME) only. When defining this table, enter TIME as the primary variable. No other primary variables are valid. Body loads specified by the BFA command can conflict with other specified body loads. See Resolution of Conflicting Body Load Specifications in the ANSYS Basic Analysis Guide for details. This command is also valid in PREP7.
Menu Paths
Main Menu>Preprocessor>Loads>Apply>Boundary>-Temperature->On Areas Main Menu>Preprocessor>Loads>Apply>Excitation>On Areas Main Menu>Preprocessor>Loads>Apply>Heat Generat>On Areas Main Menu>Preprocessor>Loads>Apply>Other>On Areas Main Menu>Solution>Apply>Boundary>-Temperature->On Areas Main Menu>Solution>Apply>Excitation>On Areas Main Menu>Solution>Apply>Heat Generat>On Areas Main Menu>Solution>Apply>Other>On Areas
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B Commands
Page 9 of 48
Prev BF Prev BFADELE B Commands
Next BFADELE Next
BFADELE
Name
BFADELE , AREA, Lab Deletes body force loads on an area. group: SOLUTION:Solid Body Loads product: MP ME ST PR EM PP ED
AREA
Area at which body load is to be deleted. If ALL, delete for all selected areas [ASEL]. If AREA = P, graphical picking is enabled and all remaining command fields are ignored (valid only in the GUI). A component name may also be substituted for AREA.
Lab
Valid body load label. If ALL, use all appropriate labels. Load labels are listed under "Body Loads" in the input table for each element type in the ANSYS Elements Reference. See the BFA command for labels.
Notes
Deletes body force loads (and all corresponding finite element loads) for a specified area and label. Body loads may be defined on an area with the BFA command. This command is also valid in PREP7.
Menu Paths
Main Menu>Preprocessor>Loads>Delete>Boundary>-Temperature->On Areas Main Menu>Preprocessor>Loads>Delete>Excitation>On Areas Main Menu>Preprocessor>Loads>Delete>Heat Generat>On Areas Main Menu>Preprocessor>Loads>Delete>Other>On Areas Main Menu>Preprocessor>Loads>Delete>Temperature>On Areas Main Menu>Preprocessor>Loads>Delete>All Load Data>On All Areas Main Menu>Solution>Delete>Boundary>-Temperature->On Areas Main Menu>Solution>Delete>Excitation>On Areas file://D:\Documents%20and%20Settings\Administrator\Local%20Settings\Temp\~hh... 20.05.2004
B Commands Main Menu>Solution>Delete>Heat Generat>On Areas Main Menu>Solution>Delete>Other>On Areas Main Menu>Solution>Delete>Temperature>On Areas Main Menu>Solution>Delete>All Load Data>On All Areas
Page 10 of 48
Prev BFA Prev BFALIST B Commands
Next BFALIST Next
BFALIST
Name
BFALIST, AREA , Lab Lists the body force loads on an area. group: SOLUTION:Solid Body Loads product: MP ME ST PR EM PP ED
AREA
Area at which body load is to be listed. If ALL (or blank), list for all selected areas [ASEL]. If AREA = P, graphical picking is enabled and all remaining command fields are ignored (valid only in the GUI). A component name may also be substituted for AREA.
Lab
Valid body load label. If ALL, use all appropriate labels. Load labels are listed under "Body Loads" in the input table for each element type in the ANSYS Elements Reference. See the BFA command for labels.
Notes
Lists the body force loads for the specified area and label. Body loads may be defined on an area with the BFA command. This command is valid in any processor.
Menu Paths
Utility Menu>List>Loads>Body Loads>On All Areas Utility Menu>List>Loads>Body Loads>On Picked Areas
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B Commands
Page 11 of 48
Prev BFADELE Prev BFCUM B Commands
Next BFCUM Next
BFCUM
Name
BFCUM, Lab, Oper, FACT, TBASE Specifies that nodal body force loads are to be accumulated. group: SOLUTION:FE Body Loads product: MP ME ST PR EM FL PP ED
Lab
Valid body load label. If ALL, use all appropriate labels. Structural labels: TEMP (temperature), FLUE (fluence). Thermal label: HGEN (heat generation rate). Magnetic labels: TEMP (temperature), JS (current densities), MVDI (magnetic virtual displacements flag). Electric labels: TEMP (temperature), CHRGD (charge density).
Oper
Accumulation key: REPL -Subsequent values replace the previous values (default). ADD -Subsequent values are added to the previous values. IGNO -Subsequent values are ignored.
FACT
Scale factor for the nodal body load values. Zero (or blank) defaults to 1.0. Use a small number for a zero scale factor. The scale factor is not applied to body load phase angles.
TBASE
Used (only with Lab = TEMP) to calculate the temperature used in the add or replace operation (see Oper) as:
20.05.2004
B Commands Temperature = TBASE + FACT* (T - TBASE )
Page 12 of 48
where T is the temperature specified on subsequent BF commands. TBASE defaults to zero.
Command Default
Replace previous values.
Notes
Allows repeated nodal body force loads to be replaced, added, or ignored. Nodal body loads are applied with the BF command. Issue the BFLIST command to list the nodal body loads. The operations occur when the next body loads are defined. For example, issuing the BF command with a temperature of 250 after a previous BF command with a temperature of 200 causes the new value of the temperature to be 450 with the add operation, 250 with the replace operation, or 200 with the ignore operation. A scale factor is also available to multiply the next value before the add or replace operation. A scale factor of 2.0 with the previous "add" example results in a temperature of 700. The scale factor is applied even if no previous values exist. Issue BFCUM,STAT to show the current label, operation, and scale factors. Solid model boundary conditions are not affected by this command, but boundary conditions on the FE model are affected.
Note
FE boundary conditions may still be overwritten by existing solid model boundary conditions if a subsequent boundary condition transfer occurs. BFCUM does not work for tabular boundary conditions. This command is also valid in PREP7.
Menu Paths
Main Menu>Preprocessor>Loads>Settings>Nodal Body Ld Main Menu>Solution>Settings>Nodal Body Ld
Prev BFALIST Prev BFDELE B Commands
Next BFDELE Next
BFDELE
Name
BFDELE, NODE, Lab Deletes nodal body force loads. group: SOLUTION:FE Body Loads
20.05.2004
B Commands product: MP ME ST DY PR EM FL PP ED
Page 13 of 48
NODE
Node at which body load is to be deleted. If ALL, delete for all selected nodes [NSEL]. If NODE = P, graphical picking is enabled and all remaining command fields are ignored (valid only in the GUI). A component name may also be substituted for NODE.
Lab
Valid body load label. If ALL, use all appropriate labels. See the BF command for labels. In an explicit dynamic analysis, the only valid body load label is TEMP.
Notes
Deletes nodal body force loads for a specified node and label. Nodal body loads may be defined with the BF command (except in an explicit dynamic analysis). The command BFDELE,TEMP can be used in an explicit dynamic analysis to delete temperature loads that are read in by the LDREAD command. BFDELE cannot be used to delete temperature loads defined by the EDLOAD command (use EDLOAD,DELE to delete this type of load). This command is also valid in PREP7.
Menu Paths
Main Menu>Preprocessor>LS-DYNA Options>Loading Options>Delete Temps Main Menu>Preprocessor>Loads>Delete>Body Forces Main Menu>Preprocessor>Loads>Delete>Boundary>-Temperature->On Nodes Main Menu>Preprocessor>Loads>Delete>Excitation>On Nodes Main Menu>Preprocessor>Loads>Delete>Heat Generat>On Nodes Main Menu>Preprocessor>Loads>Delete>Other>On Nodes Main Menu>Preprocessor>Loads>Delete>Temperature>On Nodes Main Menu>Preprocessor>Loads>Delete>All Load Data>On All Nodes Main Menu>Solution>Delete>Body Forces Main Menu>Solution>Delete>Boundary>-Temperature->On Nodes Main Menu>Solution>Delete>Excitation>On Nodes Main Menu>Solution>Delete>Heat Generat>On Nodes Main Menu>Solution>Delete>Other>On Nodes Main Menu>Solution>Delete>Temperature>On Nodes Main Menu>Solution>Delete>All Load Data>On All Nodes Main Menu>Solution>Loading Options>Delete Temps
Prev BFCUM
Next BFE
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B Commands BFE B Commands
Page 14 of 48
Prev
Next
BFE
Name
BFE, ELEM, Lab, STLOC, VAL1, VAL2, VAL3, VAL4 Defines an element body force load. group: SOLUTION:FE Body Loads product: MP ME ST PR EM FL PP ED
ELEM
Element to which body load applies. If ALL, apply to all selected elements [ESEL]. If ELEM = P, graphical picking is enabled and all remaining command fields are ignored (valid only in the GUI). A component name may also be substituted for ELEM.
Lab
Valid body load label. Structural labels: TEMP (temperature), FLUE (fluence). Thermal labels: HGEN (heat generation rate). Magnetic labels: TEMP (temperature), JS (current densities), VLTG (voltage drop), MVDI (magnetic virtual displacements flag). Electric labels: TEMP (temperature), CHRGD (charge density). High-frequency electromagnetic labels: JS (current density). Valid labels are also listed for each element type in the ANSYS Elements Reference under "Body Loads" in the input table.
STLOC
Starting location for entering VAL data, below. For example, if STLOC = 1, data input in the VAL1 field applies to the first element body load item available for the element type, VAL2 applies to the second element item, etc. If STLOC = 5, data input in the VAL1 field applies to the fifth element item, etc. Defaults to 1.
VAL1, VAL2, VAL3, VAL4
For Lab = TEMP, FLUE, HGEN, and CHRGD, VAL1--VAL4 represent body load values at the starting location and subsequent locations (usually nodes) in the element. VAL1 can also represent a table name for use with tabular boundary conditions. Enter only VAL1 for a uniform body load across the element. For non-uniform loads, the values must be input in the same order as shown in the input table for the element type. Values initially default to the BFUNIF value (except for CHRGD which defaults to zero). For subsequent specifications, a blank leaves a previously specified value unchanged; if the value was not previously specified, the default value as described in the ANSYS Elements Reference is used. For Lab = JS and STLOC = 1, VAL1, VAL2 and VAL3 are the X, Y, and Z components of current density (in the element coordinate system), and VAL4 is the phase angle. file://D:\Documents%20and%20Settings\Administrator\Local%20Settings\Temp\~hh... 20.05.2004
B Commands
Page 15 of 48
For Lab = VLTG and STLOC = 1, VAL1 is the voltage drop and VAL2 is the phase angle. When specifying a table, enclose the table name in percent signs (%), e.g., (BFE,ELEM,Lab, Lab,STLOC,%tabname%). Use the *DIM command to define a table.
Notes
Defines an element body force load (such as temperature in a structural analysis, heat generation rate in a thermal analysis, etc.). Body loads and element specific defaults are described for each element type in the ANSYS Elements Reference. If both the BF and BFE commands are used to apply a body load to an element, the BFE command takes precedence. You can specify a table name only when using temperature (TEMP) and heat generation rate (HGEN) body load labels. When using TEMP, you can define a one-dimensional table that varies with respect to time (TIME) only. When defining this table, enter TIME as the primary variable. No other primary variables are valid. This command is also valid in PREP7.
Menu Paths
Main Menu>Preprocessor>Loads>Apply>Boundary>-Temperature->On Elements Main Menu>Preprocessor>Loads>Apply>Excitation>On Elements Main Menu>Preprocessor>Loads>Apply>Heat Generat>On Elements Main Menu>Preprocessor>Loads>Apply>Other>On Elements Main Menu>Solution>Apply>Boundary>-Temperature->On Elements Main Menu>Solution>Apply>Excitation>On Elements Main Menu>Solution>Apply>Heat Generat>On Elements Main Menu>Solution>Apply>Other>On Elements
Prev BFDELE Prev BFECUM B Commands
Next BFECUM Next
BFECUM
Name
BFECUM, Lab, Oper, FACT, TBASE Specifies whether to ignore subsequent element body force loads. group: SOLUTION:FE Body Loads product: MP ME ST PR EM FL PP ED
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B Commands
Page 16 of 48
Lab
Valid body load label. If ALL, use all appropriate labels. Structural labels: TEMP (temperature), FLUE (fluence). Thermal label: HGEN (heat generation rate). Magnetic labels: TEMP (temperature), JS (current densities), VLTG (voltage drop), MVDI (magnetic virtual displacements flag). Electric labels: TEMP (temperature), CHRGD (charge density).
Oper
Replace or ignore key: REPL -Subsequent values replace the previous values (default). IGNO -Subsequent values are ignored.
FACT
Scale factor for the element body load values. Zero (or blank) defaults to 1.0. Use a small number for a zero scale factor. The scale factor is not applied to body load phase angles.
TBASE
Used (only with Lab = TEMP) to calculate the temperature used in the add or replace operation (see Oper) as Temperature = TBASE + FACT* (T - TBASE ) where T is the temperature specified on subsequent BFE commands. TBASE defaults to zero.
Command Default
Notes
Allows repeated element body force loads to be replaced or ignored. Element body loads are applied with the BFE command. Issue the BFELIST command to list the element body loads. The operations occur when the next body loads are defined. For example, issuing the BFE command with a temperature value of 25 after a previous BFE command with a temperature value of 20 causes the new value of that temperature to be 25 with the replace operation, or 20 with the ignore operation. A scale factor is also available to multiply the next value before the replace operation. A scale factor of 2.0 with the previous "replace" example results in a temperature of 50. The scale factor is applied even if no previous values exist. Issue BFECUM,STAT to show the current label, operation, and scale factors. BFECUM does not work for tabular boundary conditions.
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B Commands This command is also valid in PREP7.
Page 17 of 48
Menu Paths
Main Menu>Preprocessor>Loads>Settings>Elem Body Lds Main Menu>Solution>Settings>Elem Body Lds
Prev BFE Prev BFEDELE B Commands
Next BFEDELE Next
BFEDELE
Name
BFEDELE, ELEM, Lab Deletes element body force loads. group: SOLUTION:FE Body Loads product: MP ME ST PR EM FL PP ED
ELEM
Element at which body load is to be deleted. If ALL, delete for all selected elements [ESEL]. If ELEM = P, graphical picking is enabled and all remaining command fields are ignored (valid only in the GUI). A component name may also be substituted for ELEM.
Lab
Valid body load label. If ALL, use all appropriate labels. See BFE command for labels.
Notes
Deletes element body force loads for a specified element and label. Element body loads may be defined with the BFE commands. This command is also valid in PREP7.
Menu Paths
Main Menu>Preprocessor>Loads>Delete>Boundary>-Temperature->On Elements Main Menu>Preprocessor>Loads>Delete>Excitation>On Elements
20.05.2004
B Commands Main Menu>Preprocessor>Loads>Delete>Heat Generat>On Elements Main Menu>Preprocessor>Loads>Delete>Other>On Elements Main Menu>Preprocessor>Loads>Delete>Temperature>On Elements Main Menu>Preprocessor>Loads>Delete>All Load Data>On All Elems Main Menu>Solution>Delete>Boundary>-Temperature->On Elements Main Menu>Solution>Delete>Excitation>On Elements Main Menu>Solution>Delete>Heat Generat>On Elements Main Menu>Solution>Delete>Other>On Elements Main Menu>Solution>Delete>Temperature>On Elements Main Menu>Solution>Delete>All Load Data>On All Elems
Page 18 of 48
Prev BFECUM Prev BFELIST B Commands
Next BFELIST Next
BFELIST
Name
BFELIST , ELEM, Lab Lists the element body force loads. group: SOLUTION:FE Body Loads product: MP ME ST PR EM FL PP ED
ELEM
Element at which body load is to be listed. If ALL (or blank), list for all selected elements [ESEL]. If ELEM = P, graphical picking is enabled and all remaining command fields are ignored (valid only in the GUI). A component name may also be substituted for ELEM.
Lab
Valid body load label. If ALL (or blank), use all appropriate labels. See BFE command for labels.
Notes
Lists the element body force loads for the specified element and label. Element body loads may be defined with the BFE command. This command is valid in any processor.
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B Commands
Page 19 of 48
Menu Paths
Utility Menu>List>Loads>Body Loads>On All Elements Utility Menu>List>Loads>Body Loads>On Picked Elems
Prev BFEDELE Prev BFESCAL B Commands
Next BFESCAL Next
BFESCAL
Name
BFESCAL, Lab, FACT, TBASE Scales element body force loads. group: SOLUTION:FE Body Loads product: MP ME ST PR EM FL PP ED
Lab
Valid body load label. If ALL, use all appropriate labels. Structural labels: TEMP (temperature), FLUE (fluence). Thermal label: HGEN (heat generation rate). Magnetic labels: TEMP (temperature), JS (current densities), VLTG (voltage drop), MVDI (magnetic virtual displacements flag). Electric labels: TEMP (temperature), CHRGD (charge density).
FACT
Scale factor for the element body load values. Zero (or blank) defaults to 1.0. Use a small number for a "zero" scale factor. The scale factor is not applied to body load phase angles.
TBASE
Base temperature for temperature difference. Used only with Lab = TEMP. Scale factor is applied to the temperature difference ( T - TBASE) and then added to TBASE. T is the current temperature.
Notes
Scales element body force loads on the selected elements in the database. Issue the BFELIST command to list the element body loads. Solid model boundary conditions are not scaled by this command, but boundary conditions on the FE model are scaled. (Note that such scaled FE boundary conditions may still be overwritten by unscaled solid model boundary conditions if a subsequent boundary condition transfer occurs.) file://D:\Documents%20and%20Settings\Administrator\Local%20Settings\Temp\~hh... 20.05.2004
B Commands BFESCAL does not work for tabular boundary conditions. This command is also valid in PREP7.
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Menu Paths
Main Menu>Preprocessor>Loads>Operate>Elem Body Lds Main Menu>Solution>Operate>Elem Body Lds
Prev BFELIST Prev BFINT B Commands
Next BFINT Next
BFINT
Name
BFINT, Fname1, Ext1, Dir1, Fname2, Ext2, Dir2, KPOS, Clab, KSHS, TOLOUT, TOLHGT Activates the body force interpolation operation. group: POST1:Special Purpose product: MP ME ST PR EM FL PP ED
Fname1
File name (32 characters maximum) from which to read data for interpolation. The file name defaults to Jobname.
Ext1
Filename extension (8 character maximum). The extension defaults to NODE if Fname1 is blank.
Dir1

Fname2
File name (32 characters maximum) to which BF commands are written.
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B Commands The file name defaults to Jobname.

Ext2
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Filename extension (8 character maximum). The extension defaults to BFIN if Fname2 is blank.
Dir2

KPOS
Position on Fname2 to write block of BF commands: 0 -Beginning of file (overwrite existing file). 1 -End of file (append to existing file).
Clab
Label (8 characters maximum, including the colon) for this block of BF commands in Fname2. This label is appended to the colon (:). Defaults to BFn, where n is the cumulative iteration number for the data set currently in the database.
KSHS
Shell-to-solid submodeling key: 0 -Solid-to-solid or shell-to-shell submodel. 1 -Shell-to-solid submodel.

TOLOUT
Extrapolation tolerance about elements, based on a fraction of the element dimension. Submodel nodes outside the element by more than TOLOUT are not accepted as candidates for DOF extrapolation. Defaults to 0.5 (50%).
TOLHGT
Height tolerance above or below shell elements, in units of length. Used only for shell-to-shell submodeling ( KSHS = 0). Submodel nodes off of the element surface by more than TOLHGT are not accepted as candidates for DOF interpolation or extrapolation. Defaults to 0.0001 times the maximum element dimension.
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B Commands
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Caution
Relaxing this tolerance to allow submodel nodes to be found could produce poor submodel results.
Notes
File Fname1 should contain a node list for which body forces are to be interpolated [NWRITE]. File Fname2 is created which contains interpolated body forces written as a block of nodal BF commands. Body forces are interpolated from elements having TEMP as a valid body force or degree of freedom, and only the label TEMP is written on the nodal BF commands. Interpolation is performed for all nodes on file Fname1 using the results data currently in the database. The block of BF commands begins with an identifying colon label command and ends with a /EOF command. The colon label command is of the form : Clab, where Clab is described above. Interpolation from multiple results sets can be performed by looping through the results file in a user-defined macro. Additional blocks can be appended to Fname2 by using KPOS and unique colon labels. A /INPUT command, with the appropriate colon label, may be used to read the block of commands.
Menu Paths
Main Menu>General Postproc>Submodeling>Interp Body Forc
Prev BFESCAL Prev BFK B Commands
Next BFK Next
BFK
Name
BFK, KPOI, Lab, VAL1, VAL2, VAL3, PHASE Defines a body force load at a keypoint. group: SOLUTION:Solid Body Loads product: MP ME ST PR EM PP ED
KPOI
Keypoint to which body load applies. If ALL, apply to all selected keypoints [KSEL]. If KPOI = P, graphical picking is enabled and all remaining command fields are ignored (valid only in the GUI). A component name may also be substituted for KPOI.
Lab
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B Commands
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Valid body load label. Load labels are listed under "Body Loads" in the input table for each element type in the ANSYS Elements Reference. Structural labels: TEMP (temperature), FLUE (fluence). Thermal labels: HGEN (heat generation rate). Magnetic labels: TEMP (temperature), JS (current densities), MVDI (magnetic virtual displacements flag). Electric labels: TEMP (temperature), CHRGD (charge density). High-frequency electromagnetic labels: JS (current density). All keypoints on a given area (or volume) must have the same BFK table name for the tables to be transferred to interior nodes.
VAL1, VAL2, VAL3
Value associated with the Lab item or a table name for specifying tabular boundary conditions. Use only VAL1 for TEMP, FLUE, HGEN, MVDI and CHRGD. Use VAL1, VAL2, and VAL3 for the X, Y, and Z components of JS. When specifying a table name, you must enclose the table name in percent signs (%), e.g., BFK,KPOI,Lab,%tabname%. Use the *DIM command to define a table.
PHASE
Phase angle in degrees associated with the JS label.
Notes
Defines a body force load (such as temperature in a structural analysis, heat generation rate in a thermal analysis, etc.) at a keypoint. Body loads may be transferred from keypoints to nodes with the BFTRAN or SBCTRAN commands. Interpolation will be used to apply loads to the nodes on the lines between keypoints. All keypoints on a given area (or volume) must have the same BFK specification, with the same values, for the loads to be transferred to interior nodes in the area (or volume). If only one keypoint on a line has a BFK specification, the other keypoint defaults to the value specified on the BFUNIF command. You can specify a table name only when using temperature (TEMP) and heat generation rate (HGEN) body load labels. When using TEMP, you can define a one-dimensional table that varies with respect to time (TIME) only. When defining this table, enter TIME as the primary variable. No other primary variables are valid. Body loads specified by the BFK command can conflict with other specified body loads. See Resolution of Conflicting Body Load Specifications in the ANSYS Basic Analysis Guide for details. This command is also valid in PREP7.
Menu Paths
Main Menu>Preprocessor>Loads>Apply>Boundary>-Temperature->On Keypoints Main Menu>Preprocessor>Loads>Apply>Excitation>On Keypoints Main Menu>Preprocessor>Loads>Apply>Heat Generat>On Keypoints Main Menu>Preprocessor>Loads>Apply>Other>On Keypoints Main Menu>Solution>Apply>Boundary>-Temperature->On Keypoints Main Menu>Solution>Apply>Excitation>On Keypoints Main Menu>Solution>Apply>Heat Generat>On Keypoints Main Menu>Solution>Apply>Other>On Keypoints
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B Commands
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Prev BFINT Prev BFKDELE B Commands
Next BFKDELE Next
BFKDELE
Name
BFKDELE, KPOI, Lab Deletes body force loads at a keypoint. group: SOLUTION:Solid Body Loads product: MP ME ST PR EM PP ED
KPOI
Keypoint at which body load is to be deleted. If ALL, delete for all selected keypoints [KSEL]. If KPOI = P, graphical picking is enabled and all remaining command fields are ignored (valid only in the GUI). A component name may also be substituted for KPOI.
Lab
Valid body load label. If ALL, use all appropriate labels. Load labels are listed under "Body Loads" in the input table for each element type in the ANSYS Elements Reference. See the BFK command for labels.
Notes
Deletes body force loads (and all corresponding finite element loads) for a specified keypoint and label. Body loads may be defined at a keypoint with the BFK command. This command is also valid in PREP7.
Menu Paths
Main Menu>Preprocessor>Loads>Delete>Boundary>-Temperature->On Keypoints Main Menu>Preprocessor>Loads>Delete>Excitation>On Keypoints Main Menu>Preprocessor>Loads>Delete>Heat Generat>On Keypoints Main Menu>Preprocessor>Loads>Delete>Other>On Keypoints Main Menu>Preprocessor>Loads>Delete>Temperature>On Keypoints Main Menu>Preprocessor>Loads>Delete>All Load Data>On All KPs Main Menu>Solution>Delete>Boundary>-Temperature->On Keypoints Main Menu>Solution>Delete>Excitation>On Keypoints file://D:\Documents%20and%20Settings\Administrator\Local%20Settings\Temp\~hh... 20.05.2004
B Commands Main Menu>Solution>Delete>Heat Generat>On Keypoints Main Menu>Solution>Delete>Other>On Keypoints Main Menu>Solution>Delete>Temperature>On Keypoints Main Menu>Solution>Delete>All Load Data>On All KPs
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Prev BFK Prev BFKLIST B Commands
Next BFKLIST Next
BFKLIST
Name
BFKLIST, KPOI, Lab Lists the body force loads at keypoints. group: SOLUTION:Solid Body Loads product: MP ME ST PR EM PP ED
KPOI
Keypoint at which body load is to be listed. If ALL (or blank), list for all selected keypoints [KSEL]. If KPOI = P, graphical picking is enabled and all remaining command fields are ignored (valid only in the GUI). A component name may also be substituted for KPOI
Lab
Valid body load label. If ALL, use all appropriate labels. Load labels are listed under "Body Loads" in the input table for each element type in the ANSYS Elements Reference. See the BFK command for labels.
Notes
Lists the body force loads for the specified keypoint and label. Keypoint body loads may be defined with the BFK command. This command is valid in any processor.
Menu Paths
Utility Menu>List>Loads>Body Loads>On All Keypoints Utility Menu>List>Loads>Body Loads>On Picked KPs
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B Commands
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Prev BFKDELE Prev BFL B Commands
Next BFL Next
BFL
Name
BFL, LINE, Lab, VAL1, VAL2, VAL3, PHASE Defines a body force load on a line. group: SOLUTION:Solid Body Loads product: MP ME ST PR EM PP ED
LINE
Line to which body load applies. If ALL, apply to all selected lines [LSEL]. If LINE = P, graphical picking is enabled and all remaining command fields are ignored (valid only in the GUI). A component name may also be substituted for LINE.
Lab
Valid body load label. Load labels are listed under "Body loads" in the input table for each element type in the ANSYS Elements Reference. Structural labels: TEMP (temperature), FLUE (fluence). Thermal label: HGEN (heat generation rate). Magnetic labels: TEMP (temperature). Electric labels: TEMP (temperature), CHRGD (charge density). High-frequency electromagnetic labels: JS (current density), EF (electric field). FLOTRAN labels: HGEN (heat generation rate), FORC (body force density).
VAL1, VAL2, VAL3
Value associated with the Lab item or a table name for specifying tabular boundary conditions. Use only VAL1 for TEMP, FLUE, HGEN, and CHRGD. Use VAL1, VAL2, and VAL3 for the X, Y, and Z components of JS, EF, and FORC. When specifying a table name, you must enclose the table name in percent signs (%), e.g., BFL,LINE,Lab,%tabname%. Use the *DIM command to define a table.
PHASE
Phase angle in degrees associated with the JS and EF labels.
Notes
Defines a body force load (such as temperature in a structural analysis, heat generation rate in a thermal analysis, etc.) on a line. Body loads may be transferred from lines to line elements (or to file://D:\Documents%20and%20Settings\Administrator\Local%20Settings\Temp\~hh... 20.05.2004
B Commands nodes if line elements do not exist) with the BFTRAN or SBCTRAN commands.
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You can specify a table name only when using temperature (TEMP) and heat generation rate (HGEN) body load labels. When using TEMP, you can define a one-dimensional table that varies with respect to time (TIME) only. When defining this table, enter TIME as the primary variable. No other primary variables are valid. Body loads specified by the BFL command can conflict with other specified body loads. See Resolution of Conflicting Body Load Specifications in the ANSYS Basic Analysis Guide for details. This command is also valid in PREP7.
Menu Paths
Main Menu>Preprocessor>Loads>Apply>Boundary>-Temperature->On Lines Main Menu>Preprocessor>Loads>Apply>Excitation>On Lines Main Menu>Preprocessor>Loads>Apply>Heat Generat>On Lines Main Menu>Preprocessor>Loads>Apply>Other>On Lines Main Menu>Solution>Apply>Boundary>-Temperature->On Lines Main Menu>Solution>Apply>Excitation>On Lines Main Menu>Solution>Apply>Heat Generat>On Lines Main Menu>Solution>Apply>Other>On Lines
Prev BFKLIST Prev BFLDELE B Commands
Next BFLDELE Next
BFLDELE
Name
BFLDELE, LINE, Lab Deletes body force loads on a line. group: SOLUTION:Solid Body Loads product: MP ME ST PR EM PP ED
LINE
Line at which body load is to be deleted. If ALL, delete for all selected lines [LSEL]. If LINE = P, graphical picking is enabled and all remaining command fields are ignored (valid only in the GUI). A component name may also be substituted for LINE.
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B Commands
Lab
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Valid body load label. If ALL, use all appropriate labels. Load labels are listed under "Body Loads" in the input table for each element type in the ANSYS Elements Reference. See the BFL command for labels.
Notes
Deletes body force loads (and all corresponding finite element loads) for a specified line and label. Body loads may be defined on a line with the BFL command. This command is also valid in PREP7.
Menu Paths
Main Menu>Preprocessor>Loads>Delete>Boundary>-Temperature->On Lines Main Menu>Preprocessor>Loads>Delete>Excitation>On Lines Main Menu>Preprocessor>Loads>Delete>Heat Generat>On Lines Main Menu>Preprocessor>Loads>Delete>Other>On Lines Main Menu>Preprocessor>Loads>Delete>Temperature>On Lines Main Menu>Preprocessor>Loads>Delete>All Load Data>On All Lines Main Menu>Solution>Delete>Boundary>-Temperature->On Lines Main Menu>Solution>Delete>Excitation>On Lines Main Menu>Solution>Delete>Heat Generat>On Lines Main Menu>Solution>Delete>Other>On Lines Main Menu>Solution>Delete>Temperature>On Lines Main Menu>Solution>Delete>All Load Data>On All Lines
Prev BFL Prev BFLIST B Commands
Next BFLIST Next
BFLIST
Name
BFLIST, NODE, Lab Lists the body force loads on nodes. group: SOLUTION:FE Body Loads product: MP ME ST DY PR EM FL PP ED
B Commands
NODE
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Node at which body load is to be listed. If ALL (or blank), list for all selected nodes [NSEL]. If NODE = P, graphical picking is enabled and all remaining command fields are ignored (valid only in the GUI). A component name may also be substituted for NODE.
Lab
Valid body load label. If ALL (or blank), use all appropriate labels. See the BF command for labels. In an explicit dynamic analysis, the only valid body load label is TEMP.
Notes
Lists the body force loads for the specified node and label. Nodal body loads may be defined with the BF command (except in an explicit dynamic anlaysis). The command BFLIST,TEMP can be used in an explicit dynamic analysis to list temperature loads that are read in by the LDREAD command. BFLIST cannot be used to list temperature loads defined by the EDLOAD command (use EDLOAD,LIST to list this type of load). This command is valid in any processor.
Menu Paths
Main Menu>Preprocessor>LS-DYNA Options>Loading Options>List Temps Main Menu>Solution>Loading Options>List Temps Utility Menu>List>Loads>Body Loads>On All Nodes Utility Menu>List>Loads>Body Loads>On Picked Nodes
Prev BFLDELE Prev BFLLIST B Commands
Next BFLLIST Next
BFLLIST
Name
BFLLIST , LINE, Lab Lists the body force loads on a line. group: SOLUTION:Solid Body Loads product: MP ME ST PR EM PP ED
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B Commands
LINE
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Line at which body load is to be listed. If ALL (or blank), list for all selected lines [LSEL]. If LINE = P, graphical picking is enabled and all remaining command fields are ignored (valid only in the GUI). A component name may also be substituted for LINE.
Lab
Valid body load label. If ALL, use all appropriate labels. Load labels are listed under "Body Loads" in the input table for each element type in the ANSYS Elements Reference. See the BFL command for labels.
Notes
Lists the body force loads for the specified line and label. Body loads may be defined on a line with the BFL command. This command is valid in any processor.
Menu Paths
Utility Menu>List>Loads>Body Loads>On All Lines Utility Menu>List>Loads>Body Loads>On Picked Lines
Prev BFLIST Prev BFSCALE B Commands
Next BFSCALE Next
BFSCALE
Name
BFSCALE, Lab, FACT, TBASE Scales body force loads at nodes. group: SOLUTION:FE Body Loads product: MP ME ST PR EM FL PP ED
Lab
Valid body load label. If ALL, use all appropriate labels. Structural labels: TEMP (temperature), FLUE (fluence). Thermal label: HGEN (heat generation rate). Magnetic labels: TEMP (temperature), JS (current densities), MVDI (magnetic virtual displacements flag). Electric label: TEMP (temperature), CHRGD (charge density). file://D:\Documents%20and%20Settings\Administrator\Local%20Settings\Temp\~hh... 20.05.2004
B Commands
FACT
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Scale factor for the nodal body load values. Zero (or blank) defaults to 1.0. Use a small number for a zero scale factor. The scale factor is not applied to body load phase angles.
TBASE
Base temperature for temperature difference. Used only with Lab = TEMP. Scale factor is applied to the temperature difference ( T - TBASE) and then added to TBASE. T is the current temperature.
Notes
Scales body force loads in the database on the selected nodes. Issue the BFLIST command to list the nodal body loads. Solid model boundary conditions are not scaled by this command, but boundary conditions on the FE model are scaled.
Note
Such scaled FE boundary conditions may still be overwritten by unscaled solid model boundary conditions if a subsequent boundary condition transfer occurs. BFSCALE does not work for tabular boundary conditions. This command is also valid in PREP7.
Menu Paths
Main Menu>Preprocessor>Loads>Operate>Nodal Body Ld Main Menu>Solution>Operate>Nodal Body Ld
Prev BFLLIST Prev BFTRAN B Commands
Next BFTRAN Next
BFTRAN
Name
BFTRAN Transfers solid model body force loads to the finite element model. group: SOLUTION:Solid Body Loads product: MP ME ST PR EM PP ED
Notes
B Commands
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Body loads are transferred from selected keypoints and lines to selected nodes and from selected areas and volumes to selected elements. The BFTRAN operation is also done if the SBCTRAN command is either explicitly issued or automatically issued upon initiation of the solution calculations [SOLVE]. This command is also valid in PREP7.
Menu Paths
Main Menu>Preprocessor>Loads>Operate>Body Loads Main Menu>Solution>Operate>Body Loads
Prev BFSCALE Prev BFUNIF B Commands
Next BFUNIF Next
BFUNIF
Name
BFUNIF, Lab, VALUE Assigns a uniform body force load to all nodes. group: SOLUTION:FE Body Loads product: MP ME ST DY PR EM FL PP ED
Lab
Valid body load label. If ALL, use all appropriate labels. Structural labels: TEMP (temperature), FLUE (fluence). Explicit dynamics label: TEMP (temperature). Thermal labels: HGEN (heat generation rate), TEMP (initial temperatures).
VALUE
Uniform value associated with Lab item, or table name when specifying tabular boundary conditions. To specify a table, enclose the table name in percent signs (%), e.g., BFUNIF,Lab,%tabname%.
Command Default
Set TEMP to the reference temperature ([TREF] but not MP,REFT), and FLUE and HGEN to zero.
Notes
B Commands
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In a transient or nonlinear thermal analysis, the uniform temperature is used during the first iteration of a solution as follows: (a) as the starting nodal temperature (except where temperatures are explicitly specified [D, DK]), and (b) to evaluate temperature-dependent material properties. In a structural analysis or explicit dynamic analysis, the uniform temperature is used as the default temperature for thermal strain calculations and material property evaluation (except where body load temperatures are specified [BF, BFE, BFK, LDREAD]). In other scalar field analyses, the uniform temperature is used for material property evaluation. When the command BFUNIF,TEMP is used in an explicit dynamic analysis, you cannot use the EDLOAD,TEMP command to apply temperature loading. Furthermore, any temperature loading defined by BFUNIF cannot be listed or deleted by the EDLOAD command. An alternate command, TUNIF, may be used to set the uniform temperature instead of BFUNIF,TEMP. You can specify a table name only when using temperature (TEMP) and heat generation rate (HGEN) body load labels. Tabular boundary conditions cannot be used in an explicit dynamic analysis. This command is also valid in PREP7.
Menu Paths
Main Menu>Preprocessor>Loads>Apply>Heat Generat>Uniform Heat Gen Main Menu>Preprocessor>Loads>Apply>Other>Uniform Fluen Main Menu>Solution>Apply>Heat Generat>Uniform Heat Gen Main Menu>Solution>Apply>Other>Uniform Fluen
Prev BFTRAN Prev BFV B Commands
Next BFV Next
BFV
Name
BFV, VOLU, Lab, VAL1, VAL2, VAL3, PHASE Defines a body force load on a volume. group: SOLUTION:Solid Body Loads product: MP ME ST PR EM PP ED
VOLU
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B Commands
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Volume to which body load applies. If ALL, apply to all selected volumes [VSEL]. If VOLU = P, graphical picking is enabled and all remaining command fields are ignored (valid only in the GUI). A component name may also be substituted for VOLU.
Lab
Valid body load label. Load labels are listed under "Body Loads" in the input table for each element type in the ANSYS Elements Reference. Structural labels: TEMP (temperature), FLUE (fluence). Thermal labels: HGEN (heat generation rate). Magnetic labels: TEMP (temperature), JS (current densities), VLTG (voltage drop). Electric labels: TEMP (temperature), CHRGD (charge density). High-frequency electromagnetic labels: JS (current density). FLOTRAN label: HGEN (heat generation rate).
VAL1, VAL2, VAL3
Value associated with the Lab item or a table name for specifying tabular boundary conditions. Use only VAL1 for TEMP, FLUE, HGEN, and CHRGD. Use VAL1, VAL2, and VAL3 for the X, Y, and Z components of JS. For Lab = VLTG, VAL1 is the voltage drop and VAL2 is the phase angle. When specifying a table name, you must enclose the table name in percent signs (%), e.g., BFV,VOLU,Lab,%tabname %. Use the *DIM command to define a table.
PHASE
Phase angle in degrees associated with the JS label.
Notes
Defines a body force load (such as temperature in a structural analysis, heat generation rate in a thermal analysis, etc.) on a volume. Body loads may be transferred from volumes to volume elements (or to nodes if volume elements do not exist) with the BFTRAN or SBCTRAN commands. Body loads default to the value specified on the BFUNIF command, if it was previously specified. You can specify a table name only when using temperature (TEMP) and heat generation rate (HGEN) body load labels. When using TEMP, you can define a one-dimensional table that varies with respect to time (TIME) only. When defining this table, enter TIME as the primary variable. No other primary variables are valid. Body loads specified by the BFV command can conflict with other specified body loads. See Resolution of Conflicting Body Load Specifications in the ANSYS Basic Analysis Guide for details. This command is also valid in PREP7.
Menu Paths
Main Menu>Preprocessor>Loads>Apply>Boundary>-Temperature->On Volumes Main Menu>Preprocessor>Loads>Apply>Excitation>On Volumes Main Menu>Preprocessor>Loads>Apply>Heat Generat>On Volumes Main Menu>Preprocessor>Loads>Apply>Other>On Volumes Main Menu>Solution>Apply>Boundary>-Temperature->On Volumes Main Menu>Solution>Apply>Excitation>On Volumes Main Menu>Solution>Apply>Heat Generat>On Volumes
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B Commands Main Menu>Solution>Apply>Other>On Volumes
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Prev BFUNIF Prev BFVDELE B Commands
Next BFVDELE Next
BFVDELE
Name
BFVDELE , VOLU, Lab Deletes body force loads on a volume. group: SOLUTION:Solid Body Loads product: MP ME ST PR EM PP ED
VOLU
Volume at which body load is to be deleted. If ALL, delete for all selected volumes [VSEL]. If VOLU = P, graphical picking is enabled and all remaining command fields are ignored (valid only in the GUI). A component name may also be substituted for VOLU.
Lab
Valid body load label. If ALL, use all appropriate labels. Load labels are listed under "Body Loads" in the input table for each element type in the ANSYS Elements Reference. See the BFV command for labels.
Notes
Deletes body force loads (and all corresponding finite element loads) for a specified volume and label. Body loads may be defined on a volume with the BFV command. This command is also valid in PREP7.
Menu Paths
Main Menu>Preprocessor>Loads>Delete>Boundary>-Temperature->On Volumes Main Menu>Preprocessor>Loads>Delete>Excitation>On Volumes Main Menu>Preprocessor>Loads>Delete>Heat Generat>On Volumes Main Menu>Preprocessor>Loads>Delete>Other>On Volumes Main Menu>Preprocessor>Loads>Delete>Temperature>On Volumes Main Menu>Preprocessor>Loads>Delete>All Load Data>On All Volms file://D:\Documents%20and%20Settings\Administrator\Local%20Settings\Temp\~hh... 20.05.2004
B Commands Main Menu>Solution>Delete>Boundary>-Temperature->On Volumes Main Menu>Solution>Delete>Excitation>On Volumes Main Menu>Solution>Delete>Heat Generat>On Volumes Main Menu>Solution>Delete>Other>On Volumes Main Menu>Solution>Delete>Temperature>On Volumes Main Menu>Solution>Delete>All Load Data>On All Volms
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Prev BFV Prev BFVLIST B Commands
Next BFVLIST Next
BFVLIST
Name
BFVLIST, VOLU , Lab Lists the body force loads on a volume. group: SOLUTION:Solid Body Loads product: MP ME ST PR EM PP ED
VOLU
Volume at which body load is to be listed. If ALL (or blank), list for all selected volumes [VSEL]. If VOLU = P, graphical picking is enabled and all remaining command fields are ignored (valid only in the GUI). A component name may also be substituted for VOLU.
Lab
Valid body load label. If ALL, use all appropriate labels. Load labels are listed under "Body Loads" in the input table for each element type in the ANSYS Elements Reference. See the BFV command for labels.
Notes
Lists the body force loads for the specified volume and label. Body loads may be defined on a volume with the BFV command. This command is valid in any processor.
Menu Paths
Utility Menu>List>Loads>Body Loads>On All Volumes file://D:\Documents%20and%20Settings\Administrator\Local%20Settings\Temp\~hh... 20.05.2004
B Commands Utility Menu>List>Loads>Body Loads>On Picked Volumes
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Prev BFVDELE Prev BIOOPT B Commands
Next BIOOPT Next
BIOOPT
Name
BIOOPT Specifies "Biot-Savart options" as the subsequent status topic. group: SOLUTION:Status product: MP ME ST DY PR EM FL PP ED
Notes
Menu Paths
Utility Menu>List>Status>Solution>Biot Savart Options
Prev BFVLIST Prev BIOT B Commands
Next BIOT Next
BIOT
Name
BIOT, Label Calculates the Biot-Savart source magnetic field intensity. group: SOLUTION:Misc Loads
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B Commands product: MP ME ST EM PP ED
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Label
Controls the Biot-Savart calculation: NEW -Calculate the magnetic source field intensity (Hs) from the selected set of source elements to the selected set of nodes. Overwrite any existing Hs field values. SUM -Calculate the H s field from the selected set of source elements to the selected set of nodes. Accumulate with any existing Hs field values.
Command Default
Calculate the H s field upon encountering the first SOLVE command to produce a source field.
Notes
Calculates the Biot-Savart source magnetic field intensity (Hs) at the selected nodes from the selected source elements. The calculation is done at the time the BIOT command is issued. The units of Hs are as specified by the current EMUNIT command setting. Source elements include primitives described by element SOURC36, and coupled-field elements SOLID5, LINK68, SOLID69, and SOLID98. Current conduction elements do not have a solved-for current distribution from which to calculate a source field until after the first substep. Inclusion of a current conduction element Hs field will require a subsequent BIOT,SUM command (with SOURC36 elements unselected) and a SOLVE command. This command is also valid in PREP7.
Menu Paths
Main Menu>Preprocessor>Loads>Magnetics>Biot-Savart Main Menu>Solution>Magnetics>Biot-Savart
Prev BIOOPT Prev BLC4 B Commands
Next BLC4 Next
BLC4
B Commands
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Name
BLC4, XCORNER, YCORNER, WIDTH, HEIGHT, DEPTH Creates a rectangular area or block volume by corner points. group: PREP7:Primitives product: MP ME ST DY PR EM EH FL PP ED
XCORNER, YCORNER
Working plane X and Y coordinates of one corner of the rectangle or block face.
WIDTH
The distance from XCORNER on or parallel to the working plane X-axis that, together with YCORNER, defines a second corner of the rectangle or block face.
HEIGHT
The distance from YCORNER on or parallel to the working plane Y-axis that, together with XCORNER, defines a third corner of the rectangle or block face.
DEPTH
The perpendicular distance (either positive or negative based on the working plane Z direction) from the working plane representing the depth of the block. If DEPTH = 0 (default), a rectangular area is created on the working plane.
Notes
Defines a rectangular area anywhere on the working plane or a hexahedral volume with one face anywhere on the working plane. A rectangle will be defined with four keypoints and four lines. A volume will be defined with eight keypoints, twelve lines, and six areas, with the top and bottom faces parallel to the working plane. See the BLC5, RECTNG, and BLOCK commands for alternate ways to create rectangles and blocks.
Menu Paths
Main Menu>Preprocessor>Create>Block>By 2 Corners & Z Main Menu>Preprocessor>Create>Rectangle>By 2 Corners Main Menu>Preprocessor>Trefftz Domain>Create>Block>By 2 Corners & Z
Prev BIOT BLC5
Next BLC5
20.05.2004
B Commands Prev B Commands
Page 40 of 48 Next
BLC5
Name
BLC5, XCENTER, YCENTER, WIDTH, HEIGHT, DEPTH Creates a rectangular area or block volume by center and corner points. group: PREP7:Primitives product: MP ME ST DY PR EM EH FL PP ED
XCENTER, YCENTER
Working plane X and Y coordinates of the center of the rectangle or block face.
WIDTH
The total distance on or parallel to the working plane X-axis defining the width of the rectangle or block face.
HEIGHT
The total distance on or parallel to the working plane Y-axis defining the height of the rectangle or block face.
DEPTH
The perpendicular distance (either positive or negative based on the working plane Z direction) from the working plane representing the depth of the block. If DEPTH = 0 (default), a rectangular area is created on the working plane.
Note
If you are working with a model imported from an IGES file (import option set to DEFAULT), you must supply a value for DEPTH or the command is ignored.
Notes
Defines a rectangular area anywhere on the working plane or a hexahedral volume with one face anywhere on the working plane by specifying the center and corner points. A rectangle will be defined with four keypoints and four lines. A volume will be defined with eight keypoints, twelve lines, and six areas, with the top and bottom faces parallel to the working plane. See the BLC4, RECTNG, and BLOCK commands for alternate ways to create rectangles and blocks.
Menu Paths
B Commands Main Menu>Preprocessor>Create>Block>By Centr,Cornr,Z Main Menu>Preprocessor>Create>Block Main Menu>Preprocessor>Create>Rectangle>By Centr & Cornr Main Menu>Preprocessor>Trefftz Domain>Create>Block>By Centr,Cornr,Z
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Prev BLC4 Prev BLOCK B Commands
Next BLOCK Next
BLOCK
Name
BLOCK, X1, X2, Y1, Y2, Z1, Z2 Creates a block volume based on working plane coordinates. group: PREP7:Primitives product: MP ME ST DY PR EM EH FL PP ED
X1, X2
Working plane X coordinates of the block.

Y1, Y2
Working plane Y coordinates of the block.

Z1, Z2
Working plane Z coordinates of the block.
Notes
Defines a hexahedral volume based on the working plane. The block must have a spatial volume greater than zero (i.e., this volume primitive command cannot be used to create a degenerate volume as a means of creating an area.) The volume will be defined with eight keypoints, twelve lines, and six areas, with the top and bottom faces parallel to the working plane. See the BLC4 and BLC5 commands for alternate ways to create blocks.
Menu Paths
Main Menu>Preprocessor>Create>Block>By Dimensions Main Menu>Preprocessor>Trefftz Domain>Create>Block>By Dimensions
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Prev BLC5 Prev BOOL B Commands
Next BOOL Next
BOOL
Name
BOOL Specifies "Booleans" as the subsequent status topic. group: PREP7:Status product: MP ME ST DY PR EM FL PP ED
Notes
Menu Paths
Utility Menu>List>Status>Preprocessor>Solid Model
Prev BLOCK Prev BOPTN B Commands
Next BOPTN Next
BOPTN
Name
BOPTN, Lab, Value Specifies Boolean operation options. group: PREP7:Booleans product: MP ME ST DY PR EM FL PP ED
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Lab
Default/status key: DEFA -Resets settings to default values. STAT -Lists status of present settings. Option to be controlled: KEEP -Delete or keep input entity option. NWARN -Warning message option. VERSION -Boolean compatibility option.
Value
Option settings if Lab = KEEP: NO -Delete entities used as input with a Boolean operation (default). Entities will not be deleted if meshed or if attached to a higher entity. YES -Keep input solid modeling entities. Option settings if Lab = NWARN: 0 -A warning message will be produced if a Boolean operation has no effect (default). 1 -No warning or error messages will be generated if a Boolean operation has no effect. -1 -An error message will be produced if a Boolean operation has no effect. Option settings if Lab = VERSION:
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B Commands RV52 --
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Activate the Revision 5.2 compatibility option (default). The 5.2 option can produce different numbering of the entities produced by Boolean operations than the 5.1 option. See Notes below. RV51 -Activate the Revision 5.1 compatibility option. The 5.1 option can produce different numbering of the entities produced by Boolean operations than the 5.2 option. See Notes below.
Command Default
Input entities will be deleted, and operations with no effect (i.e., operations which are valid but which do not cause a change in the input entities, such as adding two non-touching areas) will produce a warning message. The Revision 5.2 Boolean compatibility option will be used.
Notes
Boolean operations at Revision 5.2 may produce a different number of entities than previous revisions of ANSYS. When running input files created at earlier revisions of ANSYS, match the Boolean compatibility option (VERSION) to the revision originally used. For instance, if you are running Revision 5.2 and are reading an input file (/INPUT) created at Revision 5.1, it is recommended that you set VERSION to RV51 before reading the input. See the ANSYS Modeling and Meshing Guide for further details on the functions of the RV51 and RV52 labels. This command is valid in any processor.
Menu Paths
Main Menu>Preprocessor>Operate>Settings
Prev BOOL Prev BRANCH B Commands
Next BRANCH Next
BRANCH
Name
BRANCH, NODE, X, Y, Z Defines the starting point for a piping branch. group: PREP7:Piping
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NODE
Start branch at this node.

X, Y, Z
Start branch at this location (in the active coordinate system). Used only if NODE is not input or input but the node itself is not previously defined. In either case a node is generated at this location and assigned the number NODE (or 1 + previous maximum node number if NODE is not input).
Notes
See the RUN command for information relating to piping models.
Menu Paths
Main Menu>Preprocessor>Create>Piping Models>At Node Main Menu>Preprocessor>Create>Piping Models>At XYZ Loc
Prev BOPTN Prev BSPLIN B Commands
Next BSPLIN Next
BSPLIN
Name
BSPLIN, P1, P2, P3, P4, P5, P6, XV1, YV1, ZV1, XV6, YV6, ZV6 Generates a single line from a spline fit to a series of keypoints. group: PREP7:Lines product: MP ME ST DY PR EM FL PP ED
P1, P2, P3, P4, P5, P6
Keypoints through which a spline is fit. At least two keypoints must be defined. If P1 = P, graphical picking is enabled and all remaining command fields are ignored (valid only in the
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B Commands GUI).
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The following fields are used only if specified end slopes are desired; otherwise, zero curvature end slopes will be automatically calculated. The slope vector is parallel to a vector pointing from the origin of the active coordinate system [CSYS] to the position in space that XV,YV,ZV represents in that system.
XV1, YV1, ZV1
Orientation point of an outward vector tangent to line at P1. Vector coordinate system has its origin at the keypoint. Coordinate interpretation corresponds to the active coordinate system type, i.e., X is R for cylindrical, etc. Defaults to zero curvature slope.
XV6, YV6, ZV6
Orientation point of an outward vector tangent to a line at P6 (or the last keypoint specified if fewer than six specified). Defaults to zero curvature slope.
Notes
One line is generated between keypoint P1 and the last keypoint entered. The line will pass through each entered keypoint. Solid modeling in a toroidal coordinate system is not recommended.
Menu Paths
Main Menu>Preprocessor>Create>Splines>Spline thru KPs Main Menu>Preprocessor>Create>Splines>Spline thru Locs Main Menu>Preprocessor>Create>Splines>With Options>Spline thru KPs Main Menu>Preprocessor>Create>Splines>With Options>Spline thru Locs
Prev BRANCH Prev BTOL B Commands
Next BTOL Next
BTOL
Name
BTOL, PTOL Specifies the Boolean operation tolerances. group: PREP7:Booleans product: MP ME ST DY PR EM FL PP ED
B Commands
PTOL
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Point coincidence tolerance. Points within this distance to each other will be assumed to be coincident during Boolean operations. Loosening the tolerance will increase the run time and storage requirements, but will allow more Boolean intersections to succeed. Defaults to 0.10E4.
Command Default
PTOL
= 0.10E-4.
Notes
Use BTOL,DEFA to reset the setting to its default value. Use BTOL,STAT to list the status of the present setting.
Menu Paths
Main Menu>Preprocessor>Operate>Settings
Prev BSPLIN Prev BUCOPT B Commands
Next BUCOPT Next
BUCOPT
Name
BUCOPT, Method, NMODE, SHIFT Specifies buckling analysis options. group: SOLUTION:Nonlinear Options product: MP ME ST PR PP ED
Method
Mode extraction method to be used (no default; you must specify a method): SUBSP -Subspace iteration. LANB -Block Lanczos.
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B Commands
NMODE
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Number of modes to extract. (defaults to 1).

SHIFT
Shift point about which the eigenvalues are calculated (defaults to 0.0).
Notes
This command is also valid in PREP7. If used in SOLUTION, this command is valid only within the first load step.
Menu Paths
Main Menu>Preprocessor>Loads>Analysis Options Main Menu>Solution>Analysis Options
Prev BTOL
Next C Commands
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C Commands C Commands ANSYS Commands Reference
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Prev
Next
C Commands
Table of Contents C*** CALC CBDOF CDREAD CDWRITE CE CECMOD CECYC CEDELE CEINTF CELIST CENTER CEQN CERIG CESGEN CFACT *CFCLOS *CFOPEN /CFORMAT *CFWRITE CGLOC CGOMGA CHECK CHKMSH CIRCLE /CLABEL /CLEAR CLOCAL CLOG /CLOG CLRMSHLN CM /CMAP CMATRIX CMDELE CMEDIT CMGRP CMLIST CMPLOT CMSEL CNVTOL /COLOR /COM
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C Commands COMPRESS CON4 CONE /CONFIG CONJUG /CONTOUR /COPY COUPLE COVAL CP CPCYC CPDELE CPINTF /CPLANE CPLGEN CPLIST CPMERGE CPNGEN CPSGEN CQC *CREATE CRPLIM CS CSCIR CSDELE CSKP CSLIST CSWPLA CSYS /CTYPE CURR2D CUTCONTROL /CVAL CVAR /CWD /CYCEXPAND CYCGEN *CYCLE CYCLIC CYCOPT CYCPHASE CYCSOL CYL4 CYL5 CYLIND
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Prev BUCOPT Prev C*** C Commands
Next C*** Next
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C***
Name
C***, Comment Places a comment in the output. group: SESSION:List Controls product: MP ME ST DY PR EM FL PP ED
Comment
Comment string, up to 75 characters.
Notes
The output from this command consists of two lines -- a blank line followed by a line containing C*** and the comment. This command is similar to /COM except that the comment produced by C*** is more easily identified in the output. Another way to include a comment is to precede it with a ! character (on the same line). The ! may be placed anywhere on the line, and any input following it is ignored as a comment. No output is produced by such a comment, but the comment line is included on the log file. This is a convenient way to annotate the log file. This command is valid anywhere.
Menu Paths
Prev C Commands Prev CALC C Commands
Next CALC Next
CALC
Name
CALC Specifies "Calculation settings" as the subsequent status topic. group: POST1:Status
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C Commands product: MP ME ST DY PR EM FL PP ED
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Notes
Menu Paths
Utility Menu>List>Status>General Postproc>Calculations
Prev C*** Prev CBDOF C Commands
Next CBDOF Next
CBDOF
Name
CBDOF, Fname1, Ext1, Dir1, Fname2, Ext2, Dir2, KPOS, Clab, KSHS, TOLOUT, TOLHGT Activates cut boundary interpolation (for submodeling). group: POST1:Special Purpose product: MP ME ST PR EM FL PP ED
Fname1
File name (32 characters maximum) from which to read cut boundary node data. The file name defaults to Jobname.
Ext1
Filename extension (8 character maximum). The extension defaults to NODE if Fname1 is blank.
Dir1
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C Commands Directory name (64 characters maximum). Defaults to current directory.

Fname2
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File name (32 characters maximum) to which cut boundary D commands are written . The file name defaults to Jobname.
Ext2
Filename extension (8 character maximum). The extension defaults to CBDO if Fname2 is blank.
Dir2

KPOS
Position on Fname2 to write block of D commands: 0 -Beginning of file (overwrite existing file). 1 -End of file (append to existing file).
Clab
Label (8 characters maximum, including the colon) for this block of D commands on Fname2. This label is appended to the colon (:). Defaults to CBn, where n is the cumulative iteration number for the data set currently in the database. For imaginary data (see KIMG on the *SET command), Clab defaults to CI n.
KSHS
Shell-to-solid submodeling key: 0 -Solid-to-solid or shell-to-shell submodel. 1 -Shell-to-solid submodel.

TOLOUT
Extrapolation tolerance about elements, based on a fraction of the element dimension. Submodel nodes outside the element by more than TOLOUT are not accepted as candidates for DOF extrapolation. Defaults to 0.5 (50%).
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TOLHGT
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Height tolerance above or below shell elements, in units of length. Used only for shell-to-shell submodeling ( KSHS = 0). Submodel nodes off of the element surface by more than TOLHGT are not accepted as candidates for DOF interpolation or extrapolation. Defaults to 0.0001 times the maximum element dimension.
Caution
Relaxing this tolerance to allow submodel nodes to be found could produce poor submodel results.
Notes
File Fname1 should contain a node list for which boundary conditions are to be interpolated [NWRITE]. File Fname2 is created which contains interpolated boundary conditions written as a block of D commands. Boundary conditions are written for the active degree of freedom set for the element from which interpolation is performed. Interpolation is performed on the selected set of elements. The block of D commands begins with an identifying colon label and ends with a /EOF command. The colon label is of the form : Clab, where Clab is described above. Interpolation from multiple results sets can be performed by looping through the results file in a user-defined macro. Additional blocks can be appended to Fname2 by using KPOS and unique colon labels. A /INPUT command, with the appropriate colon label, may be used to read the block of commands.
Menu Paths
Main Menu>General Postproc>Submodeling>Interpolate DOF
Prev CALC Prev CDREAD C Commands
Next CDREAD Next
CDREAD
Name
CDREAD, Option, Fname , Ext, Dir, Fnamei, Exti Reads a file of solid model and database information into the database. group: PREP7:Database product: MP ME ST DY PR EM EH FL PP ED
Option
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C Commands Selects which data to read: ALL --
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Read all geometry, material property, load, and component data (default). Solid model geometry and loads will be read from the file Fnamei.Exti. All other data will be read from the file Fname.Ext. DB -Read all database information contained in file Fname.Ext. This file should contain all information mentioned above except the solid model geometry and solid model loads. SOLID -Read the solid model geometry and solid model loads from the file Fnamei.Exti. This file could have been written by the CDWRITE or IGESOUT command. COMB -Read the combined solid model and database information from the file Fname.Ext.
Fname
Ext
Filename extension (8 character maximum). The extension defaults to cdb if Fname is blank.
Dir

Fnamei
Name of the IGES file (32 characters maximum, including directory). The file name defaults to Fname. Used only if Option = ALL or SOLID.
Exti
Filename extension (8 character maximum). Defaults to "IGES" if Fnamei is blank.
Notes
This command causes coded files of solid model (in IGES format) and database (in command
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format) information to be read. These files are normally written by the CDWRITE or IGESOUT command. Note that the active coordinate system in these files has been reset to Cartesian (CSYS,0). If a set of data exists prior to the CDREAD operation, that data set is offset upward to allow the new data to fit without overlap. The NOOFFSET command allows this offset to be ignored on a set-byset basis, causing the existing data set to be overwritten with the new data set This command is valid in any processor.
Menu Paths
Main Menu>Preprocessor>Archive Model>Read
Prev CBDOF Prev CDWRITE C Commands
Next CDWRITE Next
CDWRITE
Name
CDWRITE, Option, Fname, Ext, Dir, Fnamei, Exti, Fmat Writes geometry and load database items to a file. group: PREP7:Database product: MP ME ST DY PR EM FL PP ED
Option
Selects which data to write: ALL -Write all appropriate geometry, material property, load, and component data (default). Two files will be produced. Fname.Ext will contain all data items mentioned in Notes, except the solid model data. Fnamei.Exti will contain the solid model geometry and solid model loads data in the form of IGES commands. COMB -Write all data mentioned, but to a single file, Fname.Ext. Solid model geometry data will be written in the form of IGES commands, followed by the remainder of the data in the form of ANSYS commands. DB -file://D:\Documents%20and%20Settings\Administrator\Local%20Settings\Temp\~hh... 20.05.2004
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Write all database information except the solid model and solid model loads to Fname.Ext in the form of ANSYS commands. SOLID -Write only the solid model geometry and solid model loads data in the form of IGES commands to Fnamei.Exti. GEOM -Write only element and nodal geometry data. No solid model geometry data will be written. One file, Fname.Ext, will be produced. CM -Write only node and element component and geometry data to Fname.Ext. MAT -Write only material property data (both linear and nonlinear) to Fname.Ext. LOAD -Write only loads for current load step to Fname.Ext.
Fname

Ext
Filename extension (8 character maximum). The extension defaults to cdb if Fname is blank.
Dir

Fnamei
File name of IGES file(8 characters maximum). The file name defaults to Fname. Used only if Option = ALL or SOLID. Previous data on this file, if any, is overwritten.
Exti
Filename extension (8 character maximum). Defaults to "IGES" if blank.

Fmat
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C Commands Format of the output file (defaults to BLOCKED). BLOCKED --
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Blocked format. This format allows faster reading of the output file. The time savings is most significant when BLOCKED is used to read .cdb files associated with very large models. UNBLOCKED -Unblocked format. Note that the CDWRITE output of components and assemblies will always be written in the BLOCKED style even if the UNBLOCKED option is specified.
Command Default
When SOLCONTROL,ON, does not write default values for most of the relevant solution control commands or options. When SOLCONTROL,OFF, writes all default values for solution control commands.
Notes
This command causes certain selected geometry and load database items to be written to a coded file (s) as ANSYS input commands and IGES commands. Depending on the Option selected, data can include solid model geometry data, element types, real constants, coordinate systems, nodes, elements, material properties, coupled degrees of freedom, constraint equations, master degrees of freedom, and offsets. Load data include the current load step only. Loads applied to the solid model (if any) are automatically transferred to the finite element model when this command is issued. CDWRITE writes out solid model loads for meshed models only. If the model is not meshed, ANSYS cannot save the solid model loads. Component data include component definitions, but not assembly definitions. Appropriate NUMOFF commands are included at the beginning of the file; this is to avoid overlap of an existing database when the file is read in. Solid model entities to be written must have all corresponding lower level entities selected (use ALLSEL,BELOW,ALL) before issuing the CDWRITE command. However, concatenated lines are not written to the IGES file. Instead, the line segments that make up the concatenated lines are written. If, however, an area that contains a concatenated line is encountered, the write operation halts (because such an area could not be recreated during the read operation). If your model has areas that contain concatenated lines, you must first list these and then unconcatenate them before issuing the CDWRITE command. Similarly, hardpoint information cannot be written to the IGES file. The Jobname.cdb file can be written with the CDWRITE,DB option. Element order information (i.e., resulting from a WAVES command) is not written. The data in the database remain untouched. The data may be re-read (on a different machine, for example) with the CDREAD command. Caution: When the file is read in, the NUMOFF,MAT command may cause a mismatch between material definitions and material numbers referenced by certain loads and element real constants. See NUMOFF for details. Also, be aware that the files created by the CDWRITE command explicity set the active coordinate system to Cartesian (CSYS,0). You should generally use the blocked format (Fmat = BLOCKED) when writing out model data with CDWRITE. This is a compressed data format that greatly reduces the time required to read large models through the CDREAD command. The blocked and unblocked formats are described in Chapter 3 of the Guide to Interfacing with ANSYS.
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If you use CDWRITE in any of the derived products (Emag, Professional), then before reading the file, you must edit the Jobname.cdb file to remove commands that are not available in the respective component product. The CDWRITE command writes the PART information for any ANSYS/LS-DYNA input file to the Jobname.cdb file using the EDPREAD command. Note that EDPREAD is not an ANSYS documented command, it is written only when the CDWRITE command is issued. The PART information can be automatically read into ANSYS with the CDREAD command. However, if more than one Jobname.cdb file is read, the PART list from the last Jobname.cdb file overwrites the existing PART list of the total model. This will affect all PART-related commands contained in the Jobname.cdb file. That means the user can join models, but not PART-related inputs, which the user must modify using the newly-created PART numbers. In limited cases, an update of the PART list (EDWRITE ,PUPDATE) is possible. This requires that no used combination of MAT/TYPE/REAL appears more than once in the list. However, partial changes to the PART-related commands may be necessary. You cannot access this command for models that have been imported from IGES files using the FACETED translator (see the IOPTN command). If you issue the CDWRITE command after generating a beam mesh with orientation nodes, the database file will contain all of the nodes for every beam element, including the orientation nodes. However, the orientation keypoints that were specified for the line [LATT ] are no longer associated with the line and are not written out to the geometry file. The line does not recognize that orientation keypoints were ever assigned to it, and the orientation keypoints do not "know" that they are orientation keypoints. Caution: Thus, the CDWRITE command does not support (for beam meshing) any line operation that relies on solid model associativity. For example, meshing the areas adjacent to the meshed line, plotting the line that contains the orientation nodes, or clearing the mesh from the line that contains orientation nodes may not work as expected. For more information about beam meshing, see Meshing Your Solid Model in the ANSYS Modeling and Meshing Guide. This command is also valid in SOLUTION.
In ANSYS/Ed, Option = ALL, COMB, or SOLID is not allowed, and the default is Option = DB.
Menu Paths
Main Menu>Preprocessor>Archive Model>Write
Prev CDREAD Prev CE C Commands
Next CE Next
CE
Name
C Commands
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CE, NEQN, CONST, NODE1, Lab1, C1, NODE2, Lab2, C2, NODE3, Lab3, C3 Defines a constraint equation relating degrees of freedom. group: PREP7:Constraint Equations product: MP ME ST DY PR EM PP ED
NEQN
Set equation reference number: n -Arbitrary set number. HIGH -The highest defined constraint equation number. This option is especially useful when adding nodes to an existing set. NEXT -The highest defined constraint equation number plus one. This option automatically numbers coupled sets so that existing sets are not modified. The default value is HIGH.
CONST
Constant term of equation.

NODE1
Node for first term of equation. If -NODE1, this term is deleted from the equation.
Lab1
Degree of freedom label for first term of equation. Structural labels: UX, UY, or UZ (displacements); ROTX, ROTY, or ROTZ (rotations, in radians). Thermal labels: TEMP (temperature). Electric labels: VOLT (voltage). Magnetic labels: MAG (scalar magnetic potential); AX, AY, or AZ (vector magnetic potentials).
C1
Coefficient for first node term of equation. If zero, this term is ignored.
NODE2, Lab2, C2
Node, label, and coefficient for second term.

NODE3, Lab3, C3
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C Commands Node, label, and coefficient for third term.
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Notes
Repeat the CE command to add additional terms to the same equation. To change only the constant term, repeat the command with no node terms specified. Only the constant term can be changed during solution, and only with the CECMOD command. Linear constraint equations may be used to relate the degrees of freedom of selected nodes in a more general manner than described for nodal coupling [CP]. The constraint equation is of the form:
where U(I) is the degree of freedom (displacement, temperature, etc.) of term (I). The following example is a set of two constraint equations, each containing three terms: 0.0 = 3.0* (1 UX) + 3.0* (4 UX) + (-2.0)* (4 ROTY) 2.0 = 6.0* (2 UX) + 10.0* (4 UY) + 1.0* (3 UZ) The first unique degree of freedom in the equation is eliminated in terms of all other degrees of freedom in the equation. A unique degree of freedom is one which is not specified in any other constraint equation, coupled node set, specified displacement set, or master degree of freedom set. It is recommended that the first term of the equation be the degree of freedom to be eliminated. The first term of the equation cannot contain a master degree of freedom, and no term can contain coupled degrees of freedom. The same degree of freedom may be specified in more than one equation but care must be taken to avoid over-specification (over-constraint). The degrees of freedom specified in the equation (i.e., UX, UY, ROTZ, etc.) must also be included in the model (as determined from the element types [ET]). Also, each node in the equation must be defined on an element (any element type containing that degree of freedom will do).
Menu Paths
Main Menu>Preprocessor>Coupling / Ceqn>Constraint Eqn
Prev CDWRITE Prev CECMOD C Commands
Next CECMOD Next
CECMOD
Name
CECMOD, NEQN, CONST Modifies the constant term of a constraint equation during solution.
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C Commands group: SOLUTION:Load Step Options product: MP ME ST PR EM PP ED
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NEQN
Reference number of constraint equation.

CONST
New value of the constant term of equation.
Notes
Other terms of the constraint equation cannot be changed during the solution phase, but must be defined or changed within PREP7 prior to the solution. See the CE command for details. This command is also valid in PREP7.
Menu Paths
Main Menu>Preprocessor>Coupling / Ceqn>Modify ConstrEqn Main Menu>Preprocessor>Loads>Other>Modify ConstrEqn Main Menu>Solution>Other>Modify ConstrEqn
Prev CE Prev CECYC C Commands
Next CECYC Next
CECYC
Name
CECYC, Lowname, Highname, Nsector, NodeDia, Tolerance, Kmove, Kpairs Generates the constraint equations for a cyclic symmetry analysis group: PREP7:Constraint Equations product: MP ME ST DY PR EM PP ED
Lowname
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Name of a component for the nodes on the low angle edge of the sector. Enclosed in single quotes.
Highname
Name of a component for the nodes on the high angle edge of the sector. Enclosed in single quotes.
Nsector
Number of sectors in the complete 360 degrees.

NodeDia
Nodal diameter to be represented by this set of constraint equations. If NodeDia is -1, generate constraint equations for static cyclic symmetry. If NodeDia is -2, generate constraint equations for static cyclic asymmetry.
Tolerance
A positive tolerance is an absolute tolerance (length units), and a negative tolerance is a tolerance relative to the local element size.
Kmove
0 -Nodes are not moved. 1 -HIGHNAME component nodes are moved to match LOWNAME component nodes exactly.
Kpairs
0 -Do not print paired nodes 1 -Print table of paired nodes
Notes
The analysis can be either modal cyclic symmetry or static cyclic symmetry. For modal cyclic symmetry, this command is used within the CYCSOL macro command. The pair of nodes for which constraint equations are written are rotated into CSYS,1.
Menu Paths
C Commands This command cannot be accessed from a menu.
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Prev CECMOD Prev CEDELE C Commands
Next CEDELE Next
CEDELE
Name
CEDELE, NEQN1, NEQN2, NINC, Nsel Deletes constraint equations. group: PREP7:Constraint Equations product: MP ME ST DY PR EM PP ED
NEQN1, NEQN2, NINC
Delete constraint equations from NEQN1 to NEQN2 (defaults to NEQN1) in steps of NINC (defaults to 1). If NEQN1 = ALL, NEQN2 and NINC will be ignored all constraint equations will be deleted.
Nsel
Additional node selection control: ANY -Delete equation set if any of the selected nodes are in the set (default). ALL -Delete equation set only if all of the selected nodes are in the set.
Menu Paths
Main Menu>Preprocessor>Coupling / Ceqn>Del Constr Eqn
Prev CECYC Prev CEINTF C Commands
Next CEINTF Next
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CEINTF
Name
CEINTF, TOLER, DOF1 , DOF2, DOF3, DOF4, DOF5, DOF6, MoveTol Generates constraint equations at an interface. group: PREP7:Constraint Equations product: MP ME ST DY PR EM PP ED
TOLER
Tolerance about selected elements, based on a fraction of the element dimension (defaults to 0.25 (25%)). Nodes outside the element by more than the tolerance are not accepted as being on the interface.
DOF1, DOF2, DOF3, DOF4, DOF5, DOF6
Degrees of freedom for which constraint equations are written. Defaults to all applicable DOFs. DOF1 accepts ALL as a valid label, in which case the rest are ignored (all DOFs are applied).
MoveTol
The allowed "motion" of a node (see Notes below). This distance is in terms of the element coordinates (-1.0 to 1.0). A typical value is 0.05. Defaults to 0 (do not move). MoveTol must be less than or equal to TOLER.
Notes
This command can be used to "tie" together two regions with dissimilar mesh patterns by generating constraint equations that connect the selected nodes of one region to the selected elements of the other region. At the interface between regions, nodes should be selected from the more dense mesh region, A, and the elements selected from the less dense mesh region, B. The degrees of freedom of region A nodes are interpolated with the corresponding degrees of freedom of the nodes on the region B elements, using the shape functions of the region B elements. Constraint equations are then written that relate region A and B nodes at the interface. The MoveTol field lets the nodes in the previously mentioned region A change coordinates when slightly inside or outside the elements of region B. The change in coordinates causes the nodes of region A to assume the same surface as the nodes associated with the elements of region B. The constraint equations that relate the nodes at both regions of the interface are then written. Solid elements with six degrees of freedom should only be interfaced with other six degree-offreedom elements. The region A nodes should be near the region B elements. A location tolerance based on the smallest region B element length may be input. Stresses across the interface are not necessarily continuous. Nodes in the interface region should not have specified constraints.
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Use the CPINTF command to connect nodes by coupling instead of constraint equations. Use the EINTF command to connect nodes by line elements. See also the NSEL and ESEL commands for selecting nodes and elements. See the ANSYS, Inc. Theory Reference for a description of 3-D space used to determine if a node will be considered by this command.
Menu Paths
Main Menu>Preprocessor>Coupling / Ceqn>Adjacent Regions
Prev CEDELE Prev CELIST C Commands
Next CELIST Next
CELIST
Name
CELIST, NEQN1, NEQN2, NINC, Nsel Lists the constraint equations. group: PREP7:Constraint Equations product: MP ME ST DY PR EM PP ED
NEQN1, NEQN2, NINC
List constraint equations from NEQN1 to NEQN2 (defaults to NEQN1) in steps of NINC (defaults to 1). If NEQN1 = ALL (default), NEQN2 and NINC are ignored and all constraint equations are listed.
Nsel
Node selection control: ANY -List equation set if any of the selected nodes are in the set (default). ALL -List equation set only if all of the selected nodes are in the set.
Notes
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Menu Paths
Utility Menu>List>Other>Constraint Eqns>All CE nodes selected Utility Menu>List>Other>Constraint Eqns>Any CE node selected
Prev CEINTF Prev CENTER C Commands
Next CENTER Next
CENTER
Name
CENTER, NODE, NODE1, NODE2, NODE3, RADIUS Defines a node at the center of curvature of 2 or 3 nodes. group: PREP7:Nodes product: MP ME ST DY PR EM FL PP ED
NODE
Number to be assigned to the node generated at the center of curvature.

NODE1, NODE2, NODE3
Three nodes used to calculated the center of curvature, as described under RADIUS.
RADIUS
Used to control the interpretation of NODE1, NODE2 and NODE3: 0 -NODE1, NODE2
and NODE3 lie on a circular arc. The program will calculate the center of curvature (and radius) (default). 0 -and NODE2 are the endpoints of an arc, and RADIUS is the radius of curvature. The program will locate the center of curvature on the NODE3 side of the NODE1-NODE2 line if RADIUS > 0, and opposite to NODE3 if RADIUS < 0.
NODE1
Menu Paths
C Commands Main Menu>Preprocessor>Create>Nodes>At Curvature Ctr
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Prev CELIST Prev CEQN C Commands
Next CEQN Next
CEQN
Name
CEQN Specifies "Constraint equations" as the subsequent status topic. group: PREP7:Status product: MP ME ST DY PR EM FL PP ED
Notes
Menu Paths
Utility Menu>List>Status>Preprocessor>Constraint Eqns
Prev CENTER Prev CERIG C Commands
Next CERIG Next
CERIG
Name
CERIG, MASTE, SLAVE , Ldof, Ldof2, Ldof3, Ldof4, Ldof5 Defines a rigid region. group: PREP7:Constraint Equations
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MASTE
Retained (or master) node for this rigid region. If MASTE = P, then graphical picking of the master and slave nodes is enabled (first node picked will be the master node, and subsequent nodes picked will be slave nodes), and subsequent fields are ignored (valid only in GUI).
SLAVE
Removed (or slave) node for this rigid region. If ALL, slave nodes are all selected nodes.
Ldof
Degrees of freedom associated with equations: ALL -All applicable degrees of freedom (default). If 3-D, generate 6 equations based on UX,UY,UZ,ROTX,ROTY,ROTZ; if 2-D, generate 3 equations based on UX,UY,ROTZ. UXYZ -Translational degrees of freedom. If 3-D, generate 3 equations based on the slave nodes' UX, UY, and UZ DOFs and the master node's UX, UY, UZ, ROTX, ROTY, and ROTZ DOFs; if 2-D, generate 2 equations based on the slave nodes' UX and UY DOFs and the master node's UX, UY, and ROTZ DOFs. No equations are generated for the rotational coupling. RXYZ -Rotational degrees of freedom. If 3-D, generate 3 equations based on ROTX,ROTY,ROTZ; if 2-D, generate 1 equation based on ROTZ. No equations are generated for the translational coupling. UX -Slave translational UX degree of freedom only. UY -Slave translational UY degree of freedom only. UZ -Slave translational UZ degree of freedom only. ROTX -Slave rotational ROTX degree of freedom only. ROTY -file://D:\Documents%20and%20Settings\Administrator\Local%20Settings\Temp\~hh... 20.05.2004
C Commands Slave rotational ROTY degree of freedom only. ROTZ -Slave rotational ROTZ degree of freedom only.
Ldof2, Ldof3, Ldof4, Ldof5
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Additional degrees of freedom. Used only if more than one degree of freedom required and Ldof is not ALL, UXYZ, or RXYZ.
Notes
Defines a rigid region (link, area or volume) by automatically generating constraint equations to relate nodes in the region. Nodes in the rigid region must be assigned a geometric location before this command is used. Also, nodes must be connected to elements having the required degree of freedom set (see Ldof above). Generated constraint equations are based on small deflection theory. Generated constraint equations are numbered beginning from the highest previously defined equation number (NEQN) plus 1. Equations, once generated, may be listed [CELIST] or modified [CE] as desired. Repeat CERIG command for additional rigid region equations. This command will generate the constraint equations needed for defining rigid lines in two or threedimensional space. Multiple rigid lines relative to a common point are used to define a rigid area or a rigid volume. In two -dimensional space, with Ldof = ALL, three equations are generated for each pair of constrained nodes. These equations define the three rigid body motions in global Cartesian space, i.e., two in-plane translations and one in-plane rotation. These equations assume the X-Y plane to be the active plane with UX, UY, and ROTZ degrees of freedom available at each node. Other types of equations can be generated with the appropriate Ldof labels. Six equations are generated for each pair of constrained nodes in three-dimensional space (with Ldof = ALL). These equations define the six rigid body motions in global Cartesian space. These equations assume that UX, UY, UZ, ROTX, ROTY, and ROTZ degrees of freedom are available at each node. The UXYZ label allows generating a partial set of rigid region equations. This option is useful for transmitting the bending moment between elements having different degrees of freedom at a node. With this option only two of the three equations are generated for each pair of constrained nodes in two-dimensional space. In three-dimensional space, only three of the six equations are generated. In each case the rotational coupling equations are not generated. Similarly, the RXYZ label allows generating a partial set of equations with the translational coupling equations omitted.
Menu Paths
Main Menu>Preprocessor>Coupling / Ceqn>Rigid Region
Prev CEQN Prev CESGEN C Commands
Next CESGEN Next
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CESGEN
Name
CESGEN, ITIME, INC, NSET1, NSET2, NINC Generates a set of constraint equations from existing sets. group: PREP7:Constraint Equations product: MP ME ST DY PR EM FL PP ED
ITIME, INC
Do this generation operation a total of ITIMEs, incrementing all nodes in the existing sets by INC each time after the first. ITIME must be >1 for generation to occur.
NSET1, NSET2, NINC
Generate sets from sets beginning with NSET1 to NSET2 (defaults to NSET1) in steps of NINC (defaults to 1). If NSET1 is negative, NSET2 and NINC are ignored and the last | NSET1| sets (in sequence from maximum set number) are used as the sets to be repeated.
Notes
Generates additional sets of constraint equations (with same labels) from existing sets. Node numbers between sets may be uniformly incremented.
Menu Paths
Main Menu>Preprocessor>Coupling / Ceqn>Gen w/Same DOF
Prev CERIG Prev CFACT C Commands
Next CFACT Next
CFACT
Name
CFACT, RFACTA, IFACTA, RFACTB, IFACTB, RFACTC, IFACTC Defines complex scaling factors to be used with operations. group: POST26:Controls file://D:\Documents%20and%20Settings\Administrator\Local%20Settings\Temp\~hh... 20.05.2004
C Commands product: MP ME ST DY PR EM PP ED
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RFACTA
Real portion of the complex scale factor used in place of FACTA.

IFACTA
Imaginary portion of the complex scale factor used in place of FACTA.

RFACTB
Real portion of the complex scale factor used in place of FACTB.

IFACTB
Imaginary portion of the complex scale factor used in place of FACTB.

RFACTC
Real portion of the complex scale factor used in place of FACTC.

IFACTC
Imaginary portion of the complex scale factor used in place of FACTC.
Command Default
Use the real factors as described with the operation command.
Notes
Defines complex scale factors to be used with the operations [ADD, PROD, etc.]. If this command is supplied, these complex factors override any real factors ( FACTA, FACTB, FACTC) supplied on the operation commands. Factors are typically involved in scaling a specified variable, such as in the term FACTA x IA of the ADD command to scale variable IA before the ADD operation. When the CFACT command is active, defaults are as follows: 1) if the complex factor is not specified, but the variable upon which it acts (such as IA) is specified, the factor defaults to 1.0+i0.0; 2) if the variable upon which the factor operates is not specified, but the factor is specified, the variable defaults to 1.0 so that the term in the operation becomes the complex factor itself; 3) if neither the factor nor the variable number is supplied, the term is omitted from the operation. Once the operation (such as the ADD command) has been processed, the CFACT command becomes inactive and must be specified again if it is to be used.
Menu Paths
Main Menu>TimeHist Postpro>Math Operations>Complx ScaleFact
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Prev CESGEN Prev *CFCLOS C Commands
Next *CFCLOS Next
*CFCLOS
Name
*CFCLOS Closes the "command" file. group: APDL:Macro Files product: MP ME ST DY PR EM FL PP ED
Notes
Menu Paths
Prev CFACT Prev *CFOPEN C Commands
Next *CFOPEN Next
*CFOPEN
Name
*CFOPEN, Fname, Ext, Dir, Loc Opens a "command" file. group: APDL:Macro Files product: MP ME ST DY PR EM FL PP ED
Fname
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C Commands The file name defaults to Jobname.

Ext
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Filename extension (8 character maximum). The extension defaults to CMD if Fname is blank.
Dir

Loc
Determines whether existing file will be overwritten or appended: (blank) -The existing file will be overwritten. APPEND -The file will be appended to the existing file.
Notes
Data processed with the *VWRITE command will also be written to this file if the file is open when the *VWRITE command is issued. This command is valid in any processor.
Menu Paths
Prev *CFCLOS Prev /CFORMAT C Commands
Next /CFORMAT Next
/CFORMAT
Name
/CFORMAT, NFIRST, NLAST Controls the graphical display of alphanumeric character strings for parameters, components, assemblies, and tables. group: GRAPHICS:Labeling
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NFIRST
Display the first n characters of the parameter, component, assembly, or table name, up to 32. Defaults to 32.
NLAST
Display the last n characters of the parameter, component, assembly, or table name, up to 32. Defaults to 0.
Notes
Use this command to control the length of the character string that is shown in the graphics window for a parameter, component, assembly, or table name. The total number of characters ( NFIRST + NLAST +3) cannot exceed 32. If NFIRST is greater than zero and NLAST = 0, only the NFIRST characters are displayed, followed by an ellipsis. If NFIRST= 0 and NLAST is greater than zero, only the NLAST characters are displayed, preceded by an ellipsis (...). If both NFIRST and NLAST are greater than zero , the name will be shown as NFIRST, followed by an ellipsis (...), followed by NLAST, up to a maximum of 32 characters. For example, if NFIRST = 6 and NLAST = 3, and the character string is LENGTHOFSIDEONE, then it will appear in the graphics window as LENGTH...ONE. If the actual length of the character string is less than the specified combination of NFIRST + NLAST +3, then the actual string will be used. This command is valid in any processor.
Menu Paths
Utility Menu>PlotCtrls>Style>Size and Shape
Prev *CFOPEN Prev *CFWRITE C Commands
Next *CFWRITE Next
*CFWRITE
C Commands
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Name
*CFWRITE, Command Writes an ANSYS command (or similar string) to a "command" file. group: APDL:Macro Files product: MP ME ST DY PR EM FL PP ED
Command
Command or string to be written. The standard command form of a label followed by arguments separated by commas is assumed. Command may be a parameter assignment (e.g., *CFWRITE, A = 5).
Notes
Writes an ANSYS command (or similar string) to the file opened with *CFOPEN. The Command string is not executed (except that numeric and character parameter substitution and operations (with imbedded *,/,>,etc. characters) are performed before writing). When used with *GET results and parameter substitution, an ANSYS command can be created from results and then read back into the ANSYS program (or used elsewhere). For example, if the command *CFWRITE,BF,NNUM,TEMP,TVAL is used in a do-loop, where TVAL is a parameter value returned from the *GET operation and NNUM is a specified or returned parameter value, a series of BF commands, with numerical values substituted for the two parameters, will be written. To create a file without parameter substitution, use *CREATE. This command is valid in any processor.
Menu Paths
Prev /CFORMAT Prev CGLOC C Commands
Next CGLOC Next
CGLOC
Name
CGLOC, XLOC, YLOC, ZLOC Specifies the origin location of the acceleration coordinate system. group: SOLUTION:Inertia
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XLOC, YLOC, ZLOC
Global Cartesian X, Y, and Z coordinates of the acceleration coordinate system origin.
Notes
Specifies the origin location of the acceleration coordinate system with respect to the global Cartesian system. The axes of this acceleration coordinate system are parallel to the global Cartesian axes. A structure may be rotating about the global Cartesian origin [OMEGA, DOMEGA], which may in turn be rotating about another point (the origin of the acceleration coordinate system), introducing Coriolis effects. The location of this point (relative to the global Cartesian origin) is specified with this CGLOC command. For example, if Y is vertical and the global system origin is at the surface of the earth while the acceleration system origin is at the center of the earth, YLOC should be -4000 miles (or equivalent) if the rotational effects of the earth are to be included. The rotational velocity of the global Cartesian system about this point is specified with the CGOMGA command, and the rotational acceleration is specified with the DCGOMG command. The rotational velocities and accelerations are mainly intended to include mass effects in a static (ANTYPE,STATIC) analysis. If used in dynamic analyses, no coupling exists between the user input terms and the time history response of the structure. See the ANSYS, Inc. Theory Reference for details. Related commands are ACEL, CGOMGA , DCGOMG, DOMEGA, and OMEGA. This command is also valid in PREP7.
Menu Paths
Main Menu>Preprocessor>FLOTRAN Set Up>Flow Environment>Rotating Coords Main Menu>Preprocessor>LS-DYNA Options>Loading Options>Acceleration CS>Delete Accel CS Main Menu>Preprocessor>LS-DYNA Options>Loading Options>Acceleration CS>Set Accel CS Main Menu>Preprocessor>Loads>Apply>Other>Coriolis Effects Main Menu>Preprocessor>Loads>Delete>Other>Coriolis Effects Main Menu>Solution>Apply>Other>Coriolis Effects Main Menu>Solution>Delete>Other>Coriolis Effects Main Menu>Solution>FLOTRAN Set Up>Flow Environment>Rotating Coords Main Menu>Solution>Loading Options>Acceleration CS>Delete Accel CS Main Menu>Solution>Loading Options>Acceleration CS>Set Accel CS
Prev *CFWRITE Prev CGOMGA C Commands
Next CGOMGA Next
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CGOMGA
Name
CGOMGA , CGOMX, CGOMY, CGOMZ Specifies the rotational velocity of the global origin. group: SOLUTION:Inertia product: MP ME ST PR FL PP ED
CGOMX, CGOMY, CGOMZ
Rotational velocity of the global origin about the acceleration system X, Y, and Z axes.
Notes
Specifies the rotational velocity of the global origin about each of the acceleration coordinate system axes. The location of the acceleration coordinate system is defined with the CGLOC command. Rotational velocities may be defined in analysis types ANTYPE,STATIC, HARMIC (full), TRANS (full), and SUBSTR. See the ANSYS, Inc. Theory Reference for details. Units are radians/time. Related commands are ACEL, CGLOC, DCGOMG, DOMEGA, and OMEGA . This command is also valid in PREP7.
Menu Paths
Main Menu>Preprocessor>FLOTRAN Set Up>Flow Environment>Rotating Coords Main Menu>Preprocessor>Loads>Apply>Other>Coriolis Effects Main Menu>Preprocessor>Loads>Delete>Other>Coriolis Effects Main Menu>Solution>Apply>Other>Coriolis Effects Main Menu>Solution>Delete>Other>Coriolis Effects Main Menu>Solution>FLOTRAN Set Up>Flow Environment>Rotating Coords
Prev CGLOC Prev CHECK C Commands
Next CHECK Next
CHECK
Name
C Commands CHECK, Sele, Levl Checks current database items for completeness. group: PREP7:Database SOLUTION:Analysis Options product: MP ME ST PR EM FL PP ED
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Sele
Specifies which elements are to be checked: (blank) -Check all data. ESEL -Check only elements in the selected set and unselect any elements not producing geometry check messages. The remaining elements (those producing check messages) can then be displayed and corrected. A null set results if no elements produce a message. Issue ESEL,ALL to select all elements before proceeding.
Levl
Used only with Sele = ESEL: WARN -Select elements producing warning and error messages. ERR -Select only elements producing error messages (default).
Notes
A similar, automatic check of all data is done before the solution begins. If the "Check Elements" option is invoked through the GUI (menu path Main Menu>Preprocessor>Meshing-Check Elems), the CHECK,ESEL logic is used to highlight elements in the following way: good elements are blue, elements having warnings are yellow, and bad (error) elements are red.
Note
The currently selected set of elements is not changed by this GUI function. This command is also valid in PREP7.
Menu Paths
Main Menu>Preprocessor>Check Mesh>Sel Bad Elems
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Prev CGOMGA Prev CHKMSH C Commands
Next CHKMSH Next
CHKMSH
Name
CHKMSH, Comp Checks area and volume entities for previous meshes. group: PREP7:Meshing product: MP ME ST DY PR EM FL PP ED
Comp
Name of component containing areas or volumes.
Notes
CHKMSH invokes a predefined ANSYS macro that checks areas and volumes to find out if they were previously meshed. This macro name will appear in the log file ( Jobname.LOG) prior to area and volume meshing operations initiated through the GUI. This command is not intended to be typed in directly in an ANSYS session (although it can be included in an input file for use with the /INPUT command).
Menu Paths
Prev CHECK Prev CIRCLE C Commands
Next CIRCLE Next
CIRCLE
Name
CIRCLE, PCENT, RAD, PAXIS, PZERO, ARC, NSEG Generates circular arc lines.
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C Commands group: PREP7:Lines product: MP ME ST DY PR EM FL PP ED
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PCENT
Keypoint defining the center of the circle (in the plane of the circle). If PCENT = P, graphical picking is enabled and all remaining command fields are ignored (valid only in the GUI).
RAD
Radius of the circle. If RAD is blank and PCENT = P, the radius is the distance from PCENT to PZERO.
PAXIS
Keypoint defining axis of circle (along with PCENT). If PCENT = P and PAXIS is omitted, the axis is normal to the working plane.
PZERO
Keypoint defining the plane normal to circle (along with PCENT and PAXIS) and the zero degree location. Need not be in the plane of the circle.
ARC
Arc length (in degrees). Positive follows right-hand rule about PCENT-PAXIS vector. Defaults to 360.
NSEG
Number of lines around circumference (defaults to minimum required for 90-maximum arcs, i.e., 4 for 360). Number of keypoints generated is NSEG for 360 or NSEG+1 for less than 360.
Notes
Generates circular arc lines (and their corresponding keypoints). Keypoints are generated at regular angular locations (based on a maximum spacing of 90). Arc lines are generated connecting the keypoints. Keypoint and line numbers are automatically assigned, beginning with the lowest available values [NUMSTR]. Adjacent lines use a common keypoint. Line shapes are generated as arcs, regardless of the active coordinate system. Line shapes are invariant with coordinate system after they are generated.
Menu Paths
Main Menu>Preprocessor>Create>Arcs>By Cent & Radius Main Menu>Preprocessor>Create>Arcs>Full Circle
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C Commands Prev CHKMSH Prev /CLABEL C Commands
Page 34 of 119 Next /CLABEL Next
/CLABEL
Name
/CLABEL, WN, KEY Specifies contour labeling. group: GRAPHICS:Labeling product: MP ME ST DY PR EM FL PP ED
WN

KEY
Labeling key: 0 or 1 -Label contours with legend or color (default). -1 -No contour labeling.
N
-Same as 1 except show alphabetic legend only on every Nth element.
Command Default
Show contour line labels.
Notes
Labels contours for identification with alphabetic legend for vector displays and color for raster displays. Number of contours is automatically reduced to 9 (or fewer) for clarity. Use /CONTOUR command to increase (24 maximum for alphabetic labeling; no limit for color labeling). This command is valid in any processor.
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Menu Paths
Utility Menu>PlotCtrls>Style>Contours>Contour Labeling
Prev CIRCLE Prev /CLEAR C Commands
Next /CLEAR Next
/CLEAR
Name
/CLEAR, Read Clears the database. group: DATABASE:Set Up product: MP ME ST DY PR EM FL PP ED
Read
File read option: START -Reread start60.ans file (default). NOSTART -Do not reread start60.ans file.
Notes
Resets the ANSYS database to the conditions at the beginning of the problem. Sets the import and Boolean options back to the ANSYS default. All items are deleted from the database and memory values are set to zero for items derived from database information. All files are left intact. This command is useful between multiple analyses in the same run, or between passes of a multi-pass analysis (such as between the substructure generation, use, and expansion passes). Should not be used in a do-loop since loop counters will be reset. The start60.ans file will be reread (by default) after the database is cleared, unless Read is set to NOSTART. Additional commands cannot be stacked (using the $ separator) on the same line as the /CLEAR command. Use particular care in placing this command within branching constructs, such as the *DO command and the Use the *IF command. The /CLEAR command doesn't clear the Use the *IF stack and the number of Use the *IF levels is retained. Also, the /CLEAR command doesn't clear the *DO stack, but does delete all parameters including the looping parameter for do-loops. You can preserve your
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iteration parameter by issuing a PARSAV command before the /CLEAR command and then following that with a PARRES command. /CLEAR resets the jobname to match the currently open session .LOG and .ERR files. This will return the jobname to its original value, or to the most recent value specified on /FILNAME with KEY = 1. This command is valid only at the Begin level.
Menu Paths
Utility Menu>File>Clear & Start New
Prev /CLABEL Prev CLOCAL C Commands
Next CLOCAL Next
CLOCAL
Name
CLOCAL, KCN, KCS, XL , YL, ZL, THXY, THYZ, THZX, PAR1, PAR2 Defines a local coordinate system relative to the active coordinate system. group: DATABASE:Coordinate System product: MP ME ST DY PR EM FL PP ED
KCN
Arbitrary reference number assigned to this coordinate system. Must be greater than 10. A coordinate system previously defined with this number will be redefined.
KCS
Coordinate system type: 0 or CART -Cartesian 1 or CYLIN -Cylindrical (circular or elliptical) 2 or SPHE -file://D:\Documents%20and%20Settings\Administrator\Local%20Settings\Temp\~hh... 20.05.2004
C Commands Spherical (or spheroidal) 3 or TORO -Toroidal

XL, YL, ZL
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Location (in the active coordinate system) of the origin of the new coordinate system (R, for cylindrical, R, , for spherical or toroidal).
THXY
,Z
First rotation about local Z (positive X toward Y).

THYZ
Second rotation about local X (positive Y toward Z).

THZX
Third rotation about local Y (positive Z toward X).

PAR1
Used for elliptical, spheroidal, or toroidal systems. If KCS = 1 or 2, PAR1 is the ratio of the ellipse Y-axis radius to X-axis radius (defaults to 1.0 (circle)). If KCS = 3, PAR1 is the major radius of the torus.
PAR2
Used for spheroidal systems. If KCS = 2, PAR2 = ratio of ellipse Z-axis radius to X-axis radius (defaults to 1.0 (circle)).
Notes
Defines and activates a local coordinate system by origin location and orientation angles relative to the active coordinate system. This local system becomes the active coordinate system, and is automatically aligned with the active system (i.e., x is radial if a cylindrical system is active, etc.). Nonzero rotation angles (degrees) are relative to this automatic rotation. See the CS, CSKP, CSWPLA, and LOCAL commands for alternate definitions. Local coordinate systems may be displayed with the /PSYMB command. This command is valid in any processor.
Menu Paths
Prev
Next
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C Commands /CLEAR Prev CLOG C Commands
Page 38 of 119 CLOG Next
CLOG
Name
CLOG, IR, IA, --, --, Name, --, --, FACTA, FACTB Forms the common log of a variable group: POST26:Operations product: MP ME ST DY PR EM FL PP ED
IR
IA

--, --
Unused fields.
Name
Thirty-two character name for identifying the variable on printouts and displays. Embedded blanks are compressed for output.
--, --
Unused fields.
FACTA
Scaling factor applied to variable IA (defaults to 1.0).

FACTB
Scaling factor (positive or negative) applied to the operation (defaults to 1.0).
Notes
C Commands Forms the common log of a variable according to the operation:

IR
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= FACTB*LOG( FACTA x IA)
Menu Paths
Main Menu>TimeHist Postpro>Math Operations>Common Log
Prev CLOCAL Prev /CLOG C Commands
Next /CLOG Next
/CLOG
Name
/CLOG, Fname, Ext, Dir Copies the session log file to a named file. group: SESSION:Files product: MP ME ST DY PR EM FL PP ED
Fname
File name to which the log file is to be copied (32 characters maximum).
Ext

Dir
Notes
This command is valid in any processor, but only during an interactive run.
Menu Paths
20.05.2004
C Commands Prev CLOG Prev CLRMSHLN C Commands
Page 40 of 119 Next CLRMSHLN Next
CLRMSHLN
Name
CLRMSHLN Clears meshed entities. group: PREP7:Meshing product: MP ME ST DY PR EM FL PP ED
Notes
When you use the GUI method to set the number of elements on specified lines, and any of those lines is connected to one or more meshed lines, areas, or volumes, ANSYS gives you the option to clear the meshed entities. (This occurs only when you perform this operation via the GUI; ANSYS does not provide such an option when you use the command method [LESIZE].) If you activate the mesh clearing option, the program invokes an ANSYS macro, CLRMSHLN , that clears the meshed entities. This macro name will appear in the log file ( Jobname.LOG). This macro is for the ANSYS program's internal use only. This command is not intended to be typed in directly in an ANSYS session, although it can be included in an input file for batch input or for use with the /INPUT command.
Menu Paths
Prev /CLOG Prev CM C Commands
Next CM Next
CM
Name
CM, Cname, Entity Groups geometry items into a component. group: DATABASE:Components
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Cname
An alphanumeric name used to identify this component. Cname may be up to 32 characters, beginning with a letter and containing only letters, numbers, and underscores. Component names beginning with an underscore (e.g., _LOOP) are reserved for use by ANSYS and should be avoided. Components named ALL, STAT, and DEFA are not permitted. Overwrites a previously defined name.
Entity
Label identifying the type of geometry items to be grouped: VOLU -Volumes. AREA -Areas. LINE -Lines. KP -Keypoints. ELEM -Elements. NODE -Nodes.
Notes
Components may be further grouped into assemblies [CMGRP ]. The selected items of the specified entity type will be stored as the component. Use of this component in the select command [CMSEL] causes all these items to be selected at once, for convenience. A component is a grouping of some geometric entity that can then be conveniently selected or unselected. Up to 500 components and assemblies may be defined in any ANSYS run, but a component may be redefined by reusing a previous component name. The following entity types may belong to a component: nodes, elements, keypoints, lines, areas, and volumes. A component may contain only 1 entity type, but an individual item of any entity may belong to any number of components. Once defined, the items contained in a component may then be easily selected or unselected [CMSEL]. Components may be listed [CMLIST] and deleted [CMDELE]. Components
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may also be further grouped into assemblies [CMGRP]. Other entities associated with the entities in a component (e.g., the lines and keypoints associated with areas) may be selected by the ALLSEL command. An item will be deleted from a component if it has been deleted by another operation (see the KMODIF command for an example). Components are automatically updated to reflect deletions of one or more of their items. Components are automatically deleted and a warning message is issued if all their items are deleted. Assemblies are also automatically updated to reflect deletions of one or more of their components or subassemblies, but are not deleted if all their components and subassemblies are deleted. This command is valid in any processor.
Menu Paths
Main Menu>Preprocessor>Delete>Pre-tens Elemnts Main Menu>Preprocessor>Loads>Apply>Turbulence>On Areas Main Menu>Preprocessor>Loads>Delete>Section Main Menu>Solution>Apply>Turbulence>On Areas Main Menu>Solution>Delete>Section Utility Menu>Select>Comp/Assembly>Create Component
Prev CLRMSHLN Prev /CMAP C Commands
Next /CMAP Next
/CMAP
Name
/CMAP, Fname, Ext, Dir, Kywrd , NCNTR Changes an existing or creates a new color mapping table. group: GRAPHICS:Set Up DISPLAY:Set Up product: MP ME ST DY PR EM FL PP ED
Fname
File name (32 characters maximum). If blank, restore color map.

Ext
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C Commands Filename extension (8 character maximum).

Dir
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Kywrd
Keyword indicating the disposition of the color map file. (blank) -Loads existing color map file. CREATE -Starts CMAP utility and modifies or creates the specified file. SAVE -Writes the active color map to the specified file, which can be imported into future ANSYS sessions.
NCNTR
Number of contours to be defined by the CMAP program (max = 128). If no value is specified, CMAP defaults to 9, even if an existing file is being modified.
Command Default
Use predefined ANSYS color map table.
Notes
Reads the color map file (RGB index specifications) to change from current specifications. Only one color map may be active at a time. See /COLOR for other color controls. Changing the color map in ANSYS with the /CMAP command will change the meaning of the color labels on the /COLOR command. This command is valid anywhere.
Menu Paths
Utility Menu>PlotCtrls>Redirect Plots>To File Utility Menu>PlotCtrls>Redirect Plots>To GRPH File Utility Menu>PlotCtrls>Redirect Plots>To HPGL File Utility Menu>PlotCtrls>Redirect Plots>To HPGL2 File Utility Menu>PlotCtrls>Redirect Plots>To PSCR File Utility Menu>PlotCtrls>Style>Colors>Default Color Map
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C Commands Prev CM Prev CMATRIX C Commands
Page 44 of 119 Next CMATRIX Next
CMATRIX
Name
CMATRIX, SYMFAC, Condname, NUMCOND, GRNDKEY, Capname Performs electrostatic field solutions and calculates the self and mutual capacitances between multiple conductors. group: SOLUTION:Analysis Options product: MP ME ST EM PP ED
SYMFAC
Geometric symmetry factor. Capacitance values are scaled by this factor which represents the fraction of the total device modeled. Defaults to 1.
Condname
Alpha-numeric prefix identifier used in defining named conductor components.

NUMCOND
Total Number of Components. If a ground is modeled, it is to be included as a component. If a ground is not modeled, but infinite elements are used to model the far-field ground, a named component for the far-field ground is not required.
GRNDKEY
Ground key: 0 -Ground is one of the components, which is not at infinity. 1 -Ground is at infinity (modeled by infinite elements or a Trefftz domain).
Capname
Array name for computed capacitance matrix. Defaults to CMATRIX.
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Notes
To invoke the CMATRIX macro, the exterior nodes of each conductor must be grouped into individual components using the CM command. Each set of independent components is assigned a component name with a common prefix followed by the conductor number. A conductor system with a ground must also include the ground nodes as a component. The ground component is numbered last in the component name sequence. A Ground Capacitance matrix is a matrix relating charge to a voltage vector. A ground matrix can not be applied to a circuit modeler such as SPICE. The Lumped Capacitance matrix is a matrix formed by a combination of lumped "arrangements" of voltage differences between conductors. You can use the lumped capacitance terms in a circuit modeler to represent capacitances between conductors. You must enclose all name-strings in single quotes in the CMATRIX command line. See the ANSYS, Inc. Theory Reference and HMAGSOLV in the ANSYS Electromagnetic Field Analysis Guide for details.
Menu Paths
Main Menu>Solution>Electromagnet>Capac Matrix
Prev /CMAP Prev CMDELE C Commands
Next CMDELE Next
CMDELE
Name
CMDELE, Name Deletes a component or assembly definition. group: DATABASE:Components product: MP ME ST DY PR EM FL PP ED
Name
Name of the component or assembly whose definition is to be removed.
Notes
Entities contained in the component, or the components within the assembly, are unaffected. Only
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the grouping relationships are deleted. Assemblies are automatically updated to reflect deletion of their components or subassemblies, but they are not automatically deleted when all their components or subassemblies are deleted. This command is valid in any processor.
Menu Paths
Main Menu>Preprocessor>Create>Circuit>Delete Elements Main Menu>Preprocessor>Loads>Delete>Section Main Menu>Solution>Delete>Section Main Menu>Preprocessor>Delete>Pre-tens Elemnts Main Menu>Preprocessor>Size Cntrls>Picked Lines Main Menu>Preprocessor>Loads>Apply>Ambient Rad>On Areas Main Menu>Preprocessor>Loads>Apply>Ambient Rad>On Elements Main Menu>Preprocessor>Loads>Apply>Ambient Rad>On Lines Main Menu>Preprocessor>Loads>Apply>Ambient Rad>On Nodes Main Menu>Preprocessor>Loads>Apply>Displacement>On Areas Main Menu>Preprocessor>Loads>Apply>Displacement>On Keypoints Main Menu>Preprocessor>Loads>Apply>Displacement>On Lines Main Menu>Preprocessor>Loads>Apply>Displacement>On Nodes Main Menu>Preprocessor>Loads>Apply>Flow>On Keypoints Main Menu>Preprocessor>Loads>Apply>Flow>On Nodes Main Menu>Preprocessor>Loads>Apply>Forces>On Nodes Main Menu>Preprocessor>Loads>Apply>Pressure DOF>On Areas Main Menu>Preprocessor>Loads>Apply>Pressure DOF>On Keypoints Main Menu>Preprocessor>Loads>Apply>Pressure DOF>On Lines Main Menu>Preprocessor>Loads>Apply>Pressure DOF>On Nodes Main Menu>Preprocessor>Loads>Apply>Species>On Areas Main Menu>Preprocessor>Loads>Apply>Species>On Lines Main Menu>Preprocessor>Loads>Apply>Species>On Nodes Main Menu>Preprocessor>Loads>Apply>Turbulence>On Areas Main Menu>Preprocessor>Loads>Apply>Turbulence>On Lines Main Menu>Preprocessor>Loads>Apply>Turbulence>On Nodes Main Menu>Preprocessor>Loads>Apply>Velocity>On Areas Main Menu>Preprocessor>Loads>Apply>Velocity>On Keypoints Main Menu>Preprocessor>Loads>Apply>Velocity>On Lines Main Menu>Preprocessor>Loads>Apply>Velocity>On Nodes Main Menu>Preprocessor>Loads>Apply>Volume Fract>On Elements Main Menu>Preprocessor>Loads>Apply>Volume Fract>On Lines Main Menu>Solution>Apply>Ambient Rad>On Areas Main Menu>Solution>Apply>Ambient Rad>On Elements Main Menu>Solution>Apply>Ambient Rad>On Lines Main Menu>Solution>Apply>Ambient Rad>On Nodes Main Menu>Solution>Apply>Displacement>On Areas
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C Commands Main Menu>Solution>Apply>Displacement>On Keypoints Main Menu>Solution>Apply>Displacement>On Lines Main Menu>Solution>Apply>Displacement>On Nodes Main Menu>Solution>Apply>Flow>On Keypoints Main Menu>Solution>Apply>Flow>On Nodes Main Menu>Solution>Apply>Forces>On Nodes Main Menu>Solution>Apply>Pressure DOF>On Areas Main Menu>Solution>Apply>Pressure DOF>On Keypoints Main Menu>Solution>Apply>Pressure DOF>On Lines Main Menu>Solution>Apply>Pressure DOF>On Nodes Main Menu>Solution>Apply>Species>On Areas Main Menu>Solution>Apply>Species>On Lines Main Menu>Solution>Apply>Species>On Nodes Main Menu>Solution>Apply>Turbulence>On Areas Main Menu>Solution>Apply>Turbulence>On Lines Main Menu>Solution>Apply>Turbulence>On Nodes Main Menu>Solution>Apply>Velocity>On Areas Main Menu>Solution>Apply>Velocity>On Keypoints Main Menu>Solution>Apply>Velocity>On Lines Main Menu>Solution>Apply>Velocity>On Nodes Main Menu>Solution>Apply>Volume Fract>On Elements Main Menu>Solution>Apply>Volume Fract>On Lines Utility Menu>Select>Comp/Assembly>Delete Comp/Assembly
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Prev CMATRIX Prev CMEDIT C Commands
Next CMEDIT Next
CMEDIT
Name
CMEDIT, Aname, Oper, Cnam1, Cnam2, Cnam3, Cnam4, Cnam5, Cnam6, Cnam7 Edits an existing assembly. group: DATABASE:Components product: MP ME ST DY PR EM FL PP ED
Aname
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C Commands Name of the assembly to be edited.

Oper
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Operation label: ADD -To add more components. The level of any assembly to be added must be lower than that of the assembly Aname (see CMGRP command). DELE -To remove components.
Cnam1, Cnam2, Cnam3, Cnam4, Cnam5, Cnam6, Cnam7
Names of components and assemblies to be added to or deleted from the assembly.
Notes
Menu Paths
Utility Menu>Select>Comp/Assembly>Edit Assembly
Prev CMDELE Prev CMGRP C Commands
Next CMGRP Next
CMGRP
Name
CMGRP, Aname, Cnam1, Cnam2 , Cnam3, Cnam4, Cnam5, Cnam6, Cnam7, Cnam8 Groups components and assemblies into an assembly. group: DATABASE:Components product: MP ME ST DY PR EM FL PP ED
Aname
An alphanumeric name used to identify this assembly. Aname may be up to 32 characters,
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beginning with a letter and containing only letters, numbers, and underscores. Overwrites a previously defined Aname (and removes it from higher level assemblies, if any).
Cnam1, Cnam2, Cnam3, Cnam4, Cnam5, Cnam6, Cnam7, Cnam8
Names of existing components or other assemblies to be included in this assembly.
Notes
Groups components and other assemblies into an assembly identified by a name. CMGRP is used for the initial definition of an assembly. An assembly is used in the same manner as a component. Up to 5 levels of assemblies within assemblies may be used. An assembly is a convenient grouping of previously defined components and other assemblies. Assemblies may contain components only, other assemblies, or any combination. A component may belong to any number of assemblies. Up to 5 levels of nested assemblies may be defined. Components and assemblies may be added to or deleted from an existing assembly by the CMEDIT command. Once defined, an assembly may be listed, deleted, selected, or unselected using the same commands as for a component. Assemblies are automatically updated to reflect deletions of one or more of their components or lower-level assemblies. Assemblies are not automatically deleted when all their components or subassemblies are deleted. This command is valid in any processor.
Menu Paths
Utility Menu>Select>Comp/Assembly>Create Assembly
Prev CMEDIT Prev CMLIST C Commands
Next CMLIST Next
CMLIST
Name
CMLIST, Name Lists the contents of a component or assembly. group: DATABASE:Components product: MP ME ST DY PR EM FL PP ED
Name
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Name of the component or assembly to be listed (if blank, list all components and assemblies).
Notes
This command is valid in any processor. For components, it lists the type of geometric entity. For assemblies, it lists the components and/or assemblies that make up the assembly.
Menu Paths
Utility Menu>List>Components Utility Menu>List>Other>Components Utility Menu>Select>Comp/Assembly>List Comp/Assembly
Prev CMGRP Prev CMPLOT C Commands
Next CMPLOT Next
CMPLOT
Name
CMPLOT, Label Plots the entities contained in a component or assembly. group: DATABASE:Components product: MP ME ST DY PR EM FL PP ED
Label
Name of the component or assembly to be plotted. (blank) -All selected components and assemblies are plotted (default). If fewer than 11 components are selected, then all are plotted. If more than 11 components are selected, then only the first 11 are plotted. N -Next set of defined components and assemblies is plotted. P -Previous set of defined components and assemblies is plotted.
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Cname
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-The specified component or assembly is plotted.
Set No.
--
The specified set number is plotted.
Notes
Components are plotted with their native entities. For assemblies, all native entities for the underlying component types are plotted simultaneously. Only a maximum of 11 components or assemblies can be plotted simultaneously. This command is valid in any processor.
Menu Paths
Utility Menu>Plot>Components>Next Set Utility Menu>Plot>Components>Previous Set Utility Menu>Plot>Components>Selected Components Utility Menu>Plot>Components>By Name / Set Number
Prev CMLIST Prev CMSEL C Commands
Next CMSEL Next
CMSEL
Name
CMSEL, Type, Name Selects a subset of components and assemblies. group: DATABASE:Components product: MP ME ST DY PR EM FL PP ED
Type
Label identifying the type of select: S -Select a new set (default).
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C Commands R -Reselect a set from the current set. A -Additionally select a set and extend the current set. U -Unselect a set from the current set. ALL -Also select all components. NONE -Unselect all components.
Name
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Name of component or assembly whose items are to be selected (valid only if Type = S,R,A, or U). Graphical picking is enabled if Type is blank and Name = P.
Notes
Selecting by component is a convenient adjunct to individual item selection (e.g., VSEL, ESEL,etc.). CMSEL, ALL allows you to select components in addition to other items you have already selected. If Type = R for an assembly selection [CMSEL,R,<assembly-name>], the reselect operation is performed on each component in the assembly in the order in which the components make up the assembly. Thus, if one reselect operation results in an empty set, subsequent operations will also result in empty sets. For example, if the first reselect operation tries to reselect node 1 from the selected set of nodes 3, 4, and 5, the operation results in an empty set (that is, no nodes are selected). Since the current set is now an empty set, if the second reselect operation tries to reselect any nodes, the second operation also results in an empty set, and so on. This is equivalent to repeating the command CMSEL,R,<component-name> once for each component making up the assembly. This command is valid in any processor.
Menu Paths
Main Menu>Preprocessor>Create>Circuit>Delete Elements Main Menu>Preprocessor>Delete>Pre-tens Elemnts Main Menu>Preprocessor>Loads>Apply>Turbulence>On Areas Main Menu>Preprocessor>Loads>Delete>Section Main Menu>Solution>Apply>Turbulence>On Areas
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C Commands Main Menu>Solution>Delete>Section Utility Menu>Select>Comp/Assembly>Select All Utility Menu>Select>Comp/Assembly>Select Comp/Assembly Utility Menu>Select>Comp/Assembly>Select None
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Prev CMPLOT Prev CNVTOL C Commands
Next CNVTOL Next
CNVTOL
Name
CNVTOL, Lab, VALUE , TOLER, NORM, MINREF Sets convergence values for nonlinear analyses. group: SOLUTION:Nonlinear Options product: MP ME ST PR EM PP ED
Lab
Valid convergence labels are as follows: If STAT, list the status of the currently specified criteria. Structural labels: U (displacements); ROT (rotations); F (forces); M (moments). Thermal labels: TEMP (temperature); HEAT (heat flow). Fluid labels: PRES (pressures); V (velocities); FLOW (fluid flow); VF (fluid force). Electric labels: VOLT (voltage); EMF (electromotive force); CURR (current flow); AMPS (current flow); CURT (current flow). Magnetic labels: MAG (scalar magnetic potential); A (vector magnetic potentials); CURR (current flow); FLUX (scalar magnetic flux); CSG (magnetic current segments); VLTG (voltage drop).
VALUE
Typical value for the above label for this analysis. If negative, and if this convergence label was previously specified explicitly, then convergence based on this label is removed. (A negative VALUE will not remove a default convergence label.) Defaults to the maximum of a program calculated reference or MINREF. For degrees of freedom, the reference is based upon the selected NORM and the current total DOF value. For forcing quantities, the reference is based upon the selected NORM and the applied loads.
TOLER
When SOLCONTROL,ON, tolerance about VALUE. Defaults to 0.005 (0.5%) for force and moment, and 0.05 (5%) for displacement when rotational DOFs are not present. When SOLCONTROL,OFF, defaults to 0.001 (0.1%) for force and moment.
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NORM
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Specifies norm selection: 2 -L2 norm (check SRSS value) (default). 1 -L1 norm (check absolute value sum). 0 -Infinite norm (check each DOF separately).
MINREF
The minimum value allowed for the program calculated reference value. If negative, no minimum is enforced. Used only if VALUE is blank. Defaults to 0.01 for force and moment convergence, 1.0E-6 for heat flow, 1.0E-12 for VOLT and AMPS, and 0.0 otherwise. When SOLCONTROL,OFF, defaults to 1.0 for force and moment convergence. The default for heat flow (1.0E-6), VOLT and AMPS (1.0E-12), and others are independent of the SOLCONTROL setting.
Command Default
For static or transient analysis, check the out-of-balance load for any active DOF using the default VALUE, TOLER, NORM, and MINREF. Also check the displacement convergence for some problems. For harmonic magnetic analysis, check the out-of-balance of the degrees of freedom.
Notes
The default values given for this command assume SOLCONTROL,ON (the default). See the description of SOLCONTROL for a complete listing of the defaults set by SOLCONTROL,ON and SOLCONTROL,OFF. Values may be set for the degrees of freedom (DOF) and/or the out-of-balance load for the corresponding forcing quantities. When the GUI is on, if a "Delete" operation in a Nonlinear Convergence Criteria dialog box writes this command to a log file (Jobname.LOG or Jobname.LGW), you will observe that Lab is blank, VALUE = -1, and TOLER is an integer number. In this case, the GUI has assigned a value of TOLER that corresponds to the location of a chosen convergence label in the dialog box's list. It is not intended that you type in such a location value for TOLER in an ANSYS session. However, a file that contains a GUI-generated CNVTOL command of this form can be used for batch input or with the /INPUT command. This command is also valid in PREP7. Convergence norms specified with CNVTOL may be graphically tracked while the solution is in process using the ANSYS program's Graphical Solution Tracking (GST) feature. Use the /GST command to turn GST on or off. By default, GST is ON for interactive sessions and OFF for batch runs.
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Menu Paths
Main Menu>Preprocessor>Loads>Nonlinear>Harmonic Main Menu>Preprocessor>Loads>Nonlinear>Static Main Menu>Preprocessor>Loads>Nonlinear>Transient Main Menu>Preprocessor>Loads>Nonlinear>Convergence Crit Main Menu>Solution>Nonlinear>Harmonic Main Menu>Solution>Nonlinear>Static Main Menu>Solution>Nonlinear>Transient Main Menu>Solution>Nonlinear>Convergence Crit
Prev CMSEL Prev /COLOR C Commands
Next /COLOR Next
/COLOR
Name
/COLOR, Lab, Clab, N1, N2, NINC Specifies the color mapping for various items. group: GRAPHICS:Set Up product: MP ME ST DY PR EM FL PP ED
Lab
Apply color to the items specified by the following labels: AXES -Determines the color (specified in next argument, Clab) that the axes of a graph will be plotted in. AXNUM -Determines the color (specified in next argument, Clab) that the numbering on the axes of a graph will be plotted in. NUM -Discretely numbered items (such as element types, element materials, etc., as shown on the /PNUM command). Also specify number (1 to 11) in the N1 field. For example, /COLOR,NUM,RED,3 will assign the color red to all items having the
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discrete number 3 (material displays would show elements having material 3 as red). OUTL -Outline of elements, areas, and volumes. Ex: /COLOR,OUTL,BLUE. ELEM -Elements. Use N1, N2, NINC fields for element numbers. LINE -Solid model lines. Use N1, N2, NINC fields for line numbers. AREA -Solid model areas. Use N1, N2, NINC fields for area numbers. VOLU -Solid model volumes. Use N1, N2, NINC fields for volume numbers. ISURF -Isosurfaces (surfaces of constant stress, etc.). This option is particularly useful when capturing frames for animating a single isosurface value. WBAK -Window background. Use N1, N2, NINC fields for window numbers. The options that you select using Lab = PBAK will supecede those applied using Lab = WBAK.
b.c.label --
Boundary condition label. Enter U, ROT, TEMP, PRES, V, ENKE, ENDS, SP01 through SP06 or their user-defined names, VOLT, MAG, A, EMF, CURR, F, M, HEAT, FLOW, VF, AMPS, FLUX, CSG, CURT, VLTG, MAST, CP, CE, NFOR NMOM, RFOR, RMOM, PATH. See the /PBC command for boundary condition label definitions. GRBAK -Graph background. GRID -Graph grid lines. AXLAB -Graph X and Y axis labels. CURVE --
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C Commands Graph curves (identify curve numbers (1-6) in N1, N2, NINC fields). CM --
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Component group. Use N1 field for component name, ignore N2 and NINC. CNTR -ANSYS contour stress colors. The maximum number of contours available is 128. SMAX -Specifies that all stress values above the maximum value entered in /CONTOUR will be displayed in the color designated in the Clab field. Defaults to dark grey. SMIN -Specifies that all stress values below the minimum value entered in /CONTOUR will be displayed in the color designated in the Clab field. Defaults to dark grey. PBAK -Activates background shading options (see command syntax at end of argument descriptions below). The options that you select using Lab = PBAK will supecede those applied using Lab = WBAK.
Clab
Valid color labels are: BLAC (0) -Black MRED (1) -Magenta-Red MAGE (2) -Magenta BMAG (3) -Blue-Magenta BLUE (4) -Blue CBLU (5) -Cyan-Blue
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C Commands CYAN (6) -Cyan GCYA ((7) -Green-Cyan GREE (8) -Green YGRE (9) -Yellow-Green Yell (10) -Yellow ORAN (11) -Orange RED (12) -Red DGRA (13) -Dark Gray LGRA (14) -Light Gray WHIT (15) -White
N1, N2, NINC
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Apply color to Lab items numbered N1 to N2 (defaults to N1) in steps of NINC (defaults to 1). If N1 is blank, apply color to entire selected range. If Lab is CM, use component name for N1 and ignore N2 and NINC. If N1 = P, graphical picking of elements, lines, areas and volumes is enabled; your can assign colors to the entities via the picker. When picking is enabled, the Lab and Clab fields are ignored. If Lab = PBAK, the command format is /COLOR, PBAK, Key_On_Off, KEY_TYPE, KEY_INDEX. The options that you select using Lab = PBAK will supecede those applied using Lab = WBAK.
Key_On_Off
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Turns the background colors on and off. Acceptable values are ON (1) and OFF (0).
KEY_TYPE
Determines the type of background. Acceptable values are 0 (smooth shading left to right), 1 (smooth shading top to bottom), 2 (smooth shading right to left), 3 (smooth shading bottom to top), and -1 (textured image background)
KEY_INDEX
An integer value that corresponds to a background color or texture. If Key_Type is -1, the background will correspond to values specified in the /TXTRE command. If Key_Type is any other acceptable value, the background will correspond to the color values listed above under Clab.
Command Default
Use the default color mapping.
Notes
Issue /COLOR,STAT to display the current color mapping. Issue /COLOR,DEFA to reset the default color mapping.
Note
Color labels may also be reassigned any "color" with the /CMAP command. The default background display for the ANSYS Graphics Window is /COLOR,PBAK,ON,1,BLUE. See the /UIS command for information on modifying your default values. This command is valid anywhere.
Menu Paths
Utility Menu>PlotCtrls>Style>Colors>BC Colors Utility Menu>PlotCtrls>Style>Colors>Component Colors Utility Menu>PlotCtrls>Style>Colors>Entity Colors Utility Menu>PlotCtrls>Style>Colors>Graph Colors Utility Menu>PlotCtrls>Style>Colors>Numbered Item Colors Utility Menu>PlotCtrls>Style>Colors>Window Colors
Prev CNVTOL Prev /COM C Commands
Next /COM Next
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/COM
Name
/COM, Comment Places a comment in the output. group: SESSION:List Controls product: MP ME ST DY PR EM FL PP ED
Comment
Comment string, up to 75 characters.
Notes
The output from this command consists of the comment string. This command is similar to C*** except that the comment produced by C*** is more easily identified in the output. Parameter substitution within the comment occurs for every valid expression delimited by percent (%) signs. Enclosing such an expression in single quotes prevents parameter substitution. Another way to include a comment is to precede it with a ! character (on the same line). The ! may be placed anywhere on the line, and any input following it is ignored as a comment. No output is produced by such a comment, but the comment line is included on the log file. This is a convenient way to annotate the log file. This command is valid anywhere.
Menu Paths
Prev /COLOR Prev COMPRESS C Commands
Next COMPRESS Next
COMPRESS
Name
COMPRESS Deletes all specified sets. group: AUX3:Binary Files file://D:\Documents%20and%20Settings\Administrator\Local%20Settings\Temp\~hh... 20.05.2004
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Notes
Issue this command to delete all sets specified with the DELETE command.
Menu Paths
Prev /COM Prev CON4 C Commands
Next CON4 Next
CON4
Name
CON4 , XCENTER, YCENTER, RAD1, RAD2, DEPTH Creates a conical volume anywhere on the working plane. group: PREP7:Primitives product: MP ME ST DY PR EM EH FL PP ED
XCENTER, YCENTER
Working plane X and Y coordinates of the center axis of the cone.

RAD1, RAD2
Radii of the faces of the cone. RAD1 defines the bottom face and will be located on the working plane. RAD2 defines the top face and is parallel to the working plane. A value of zero or blank for either RAD1 or RAD2 defines a degenerate face at the center axis (i.e., the vertex of the cone). The same value for both RAD1 and RAD2 defines a cylinder instead of a cone.
DEPTH
The perpendicular distance (either positive or negative based on the working plane Z direction) from the working plane representing the depth of the cone. DEPTH cannot be zero (see Notes below).
Notes
C Commands
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Defines a solid conical volume with either the vertex or a face anywhere on the working plane. The cone must have a spatial volume greater than zero. (i.e., this volume primitive command cannot be used to create a degenerate volume as a means of creating an area.) The face or faces will be circular (each area defined with four lines), and they will be connected with two areas (each spanning 180). See the CONE command for an alternate way to create cones.
Menu Paths
Main Menu>Preprocessor>Create>Cone>By Picking Main Menu>Preprocessor>Create>Cone
Prev COMPRESS Prev CONE C Commands
Next CONE Next
CONE
Name
CONE, RBOT, RTOP, Z1, Z2, THETA1, THETA2 Creates a conical volume centered about the working plane origin. group: PREP7:Primitives product: MP ME ST DY PR EM EH FL PP ED
RBOT, RTOP
Radii of the bottom and top faces of the cone. A value of zero or blank for either RBOT or RTOP defines a degenerate face at the center axis (i.e., the vertex of the cone). The same value for both RBOT and RTOP defines a cylinder instead of a cone.
Z1, Z2
Working plane Z coordinates of the cone. The smaller value is always associated with the bottom face.
THETA1, THETA2
Starting and ending angles (either order) of the cone. Used for creating a conical sector. The sector begins at the algebraically smaller angle, extends in a positive angular direction, and ends at the larger angle. The starting angle defaults to 0 and the ending angle defaults to 360. See the ANSYS Modeling and Meshing Guide for an illustration.
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Notes
Defines a solid conical volume centered about the working plane origin. The non-degenerate face (top or bottom) is parallel to the working plane but not necessarily coplanar with (i.e., "on") the working plane. The cone must have a spatial volume greater than zero. (i.e., this volume primitive command cannot be used to create a degenerate volume as a means of creating an area.) For a cone of 360, top and bottom faces will be circular (each area defined with four lines), and they will be connected with two areas (each spanning 180). See the CON4 command for an alternate way to create cones.
Menu Paths
Main Menu>Preprocessor>Create>Cone>By Dimensions
Prev CON4 Prev /CONFIG C Commands
Next /CONFIG Next
/CONFIG
Name
/CONFIG, Lab, VALUE Assigns values to ANSYS configuration parameters. group: SESSION:Run Controls product: MP ME ST DY PR EM EH FL PP
Lab
Configuration parameter to be changed: NRES -is maximum number of results sets (substeps) allowed on the result file. Defaults to 1000. Minimum is 10.
VALUE
NORSTGM -Option to write or not write geometry data to the results file. VALUE is either 0 (write geometry data) or 1 (do not write geometry data). Useful when complex analyses will create abnormally large files. Default is 0. NBUF --
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VALUE
Page 64 of 119 is the number of buffers (1 to 32) per file in the solver. Defaults to 4.
NPROC -is the number of processors (system dependent) to use. Defaults to 1. If VALUE exceeds the number of available processors, ANSYS uses all available processors. ANSYS recommends setting VALUE no higher than the number of available processors minus one; for example, on a four-processor system, set VALUE to 3.
VALUE
LOCFL -File open and close actions. For VALUE use: 0 for global (default); 1 for local. Applicable to File.EROT, File.ESAV , File.EMAT, and File.TRI. Typically used for large problems where locally closed files may be deleted earlier in the run with the /FDELE command. SZBIO -is the record size (1024 to 4194304) of binary files (in integer words). Defaults to 16384 (system dependent).
VALUE
NCONT -is the size (number of elements) of the contact surface database. Must be large enough to hold all contact elements that are near or in contact. Defaults to 1000. Minimum is zero.
VALUE
ORDER -Automatic reordering scheme. For VALUE use: 0 for WSORT,ALL; 1 for WAVES; 2 for both WSORT ,ALL and WAVES (default). FSPLIT -Defines split points for binary files. VALUE is the file split point in megawords and defaults to the maximum file size for the system. MXND -Maximum number of nodes. If not specified, defaults to 100 at first encounter. Dynamically expanded by doubling, even at first encounter, when maximum is exceeded. MXEL -Maximum number of elements. Default and expansion as for MXND. MXKP -Maximum number of keypoints. Default and expansion as for MXND. MXLS --
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Maximum number of sets of real constants (element attributes). Default and expansion as for MXND. MXCP -Maximum number of sets of coupled degrees of freedom. Default and expansion as for MXND. MXCE -Maximum number of constraint equations. Default and expansion as for MXND. NLCONTROL -Toggle solution control on or off at the system configuration level. Default value is 1 (ON). NOELDB -Option to write or not write results into the database after a solution. When VALUE = 0 (default), write results into the database. When VALUE = 1, do not write results into the database. STAT -Displays current values set by the /CONFIG command.
VALUE
Value (an integer number) assigned to the configuration parameter.
Notes
All configuration parameters have initial defaults, which in most cases do not need to be changed. Where a specially configured version of the ANSYS program is desired, the parameters may be changed with this command. Issue /CONFIG,STAT to display current values. Changes must be defined before the parameter is required. These changes (and others) may also be incorporated into the config60.ans file which is read upon execution of the program (see The Configuration File in the ANSYS Basic Analysis Guide). If the same configuration parameter appears in both the configuration file and this command, this command overrides.
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If an ANSYS product run with Mechanical Toolbar doesn't support the /CONFIG command, an error message will be written to the Jobname.err file stating that the /CONFIG command is either not available for this version of ANSYS or the appropriate product was not selected for this session, but there will be no adverse effect on the run. The /CONFIG command is not valid for the Multiphysics 1, 2, or 3 products.
Menu Paths
Utility Menu>List>Status>Configuration
Prev CONE Prev CONJUG C Commands
Next CONJUG Next
CONJUG
Name
CONJUG, IR, IA, --, --, Name, --, --, FACTA Forms the complex conjugate of a variable. group: POST26:Operations product: MP ME ST DY PR EM PP ED
IR
IA

--, --
Unused fields.
Name
--, --
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FACTA
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Scaling factor (positive or negative) applied to variable (default to 1.0).
Notes
Used only with harmonic analyses (ANTYPE,HARMIC).
Menu Paths
Main Menu>TimeHist Postpro>Math Operations>Complex Conjugat
Prev /CONFIG Prev /CONTOUR C Commands
Next /CONTOUR Next
/CONTOUR
Name
/CONTOUR, WN, NCONT, VMIN, VINC, VMAX Specifies the uniform contour values on stress displays. group: GRAPHICS:Labeling product: MP ME ST DY PR EM FL PP ED
WN

NCONT
Number of contour values. If VMAX is not specified, NCONT defaults to 9 for X11 or WIN32 and to 128 for X11c or WIN32C. The default graphics window display for 3-D devices is a smooth continuous shading effect, which is similar to 128. The legend, however, will display only nine color boxes, which span the full range of colors displayed in the graphics window.
VMIN
Minimum contour value. If VMIN = AUTO, automatically calculate contour values based upon NCONT uniformly spaced values over the min-max extreme range. Or, if VMIN = USER, set
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contour values to those of the last display (useful when last display automatically calculated contours).
VINC
Value increment (positive) between contour values. Defaults to ( VMAX-VMIN)/NCONT.

VMAX
Maximum contour value. Ignored if both VMIN and VINC are specified.
Command Default
Nine contour values uniformly spaced between the extreme values, or no contours if the ratio of range to minimum value (or range to maximum if minimum = 0) is less than 0.001.
Notes
See the /CVAL command for alternate specifications. Values represent contour lines in vector mode, and the algebraic maximum of contour bands in raster mode.
Note
No matter how many contours ( NCONT) are specified by /CONTOUR, the actual number of contours that appear on your display depends also on the device name, whether the display is directed to the screen or to a file, the display mode (vector or raster), and the number of color planes. (All these items are controlled by /SHOW settings.) See Creating Geometric Results Displays in the ANSYS Basic Analysis Guide for more information on changing the number of contours. If the current ANSYS graphics are not displayed as Multi-Plots, then the following is true: If the current device is a 3-D device [/SHOW,3D], the model contours in all active windows will be the same, even if separate /CONTOUR commands are issued for each active window. For efficiency, ANSYS 3-D graphics logic maintains a single data structure (segment), which contains precisely one set of contours. The program displays the same segment in all windows. The view settings of each window constitute the only differences in the contour plots in the active windows. This command is valid in any processor.
Menu Paths
Utility Menu>PlotCtrls>Style>Contours>Uniform Contours
Prev CONJUG Prev /COPY C Commands
Next /COPY Next
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/COPY
Name
/COPY, Fname1, Ext1, Dir1, Fname2, Ext2, Dir2 Copies a file. group: SESSION:Files product: MP ME ST DY PR EM FL PP ED
Fname1
File name to be copied (32 characters maximum) . The file name defaults to the current Jobname.
Ext1

Dir1

Fname2
File name to be created (32 characters maximum).

Fname2 Ext2
defaults to Fname1.

Ext2 Dir2
defaults to Ext1.
Notes
The original file is untouched. Ex: /COPY,A,,,B copies file A to B in the same directory. /COPY,A,DAT,,,,DIR2/ copies the file A.DAT to the same name in DIR2 (on a system using . as a name component separator and / as a directory separator). See the ANSYS Operations Guide for details. ANSYS binary and ASCII files can be copied.
Menu Paths
C Commands Utility Menu>File>File Operations>Copy
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Prev /CONTOUR Prev COUPLE C Commands
Next COUPLE Next
COUPLE
Name
COUPLE Specifies "Node coupling" as the subsequent status topic. group: PREP7:Status product: MP ME ST DY PR EM FL PP ED
Notes
Menu Paths
Utility Menu>List>Status>Preprocessor>Coupled Sets
Prev /COPY Prev COVAL C Commands
Next COVAL Next
COVAL
Name
COVAL, TBLNO1, TBLNO2, SV1, SV2, SV3, SV4, SV5, SV6, SV7 Defines PSD cospectral values. group: SOLUTION:Spectrum Options
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TBLNO1
First input PSD table number associated with this spectrum.

TBLNO2
Second input PSD table number associated with this spectrum.

SV1, SV2, SV3, SV4, SV5, SV6, SV7
PSD cospectral values corresponding to the frequency points [PSDFRQ].
Notes
Defines PSD cospectral values to be associated with the previously defined frequency points. Two table references are required since values are off-diagonal terms. Unlike autospectra [PSDVAL], the cospectra can be positive or negative. The cospectral curve segment where there is a sign change is interpolated linearly (the rest of the curve segments use log-log interpolation). For better accuracy, choose as small a curve segment as possible wherever a sign change occurs. Repeat COVAL command using the same table numbers for additional points (50 maximum per curve). This command is valid for SPOPT,PSD only. This command is also valid in PREP7.
Menu Paths
Main Menu>Preprocessor>Loads>Spectrum>Correlation>Cospectral Main Menu>Solution>Spectrum>Correlation>Cospectral
Prev COUPLE Prev CP C Commands
Next CP Next
CP
Name
CP, NSET, Lab, NODE1, NODE2, NODE3, NODE4, NODE5, NODE6 , NODE7, NODE8, NODE9, NODE10, NODE11, NODE12, NODE13, NODE14, NODE15, NODE16, NODE17 Defines (or modifies) a set of coupled degrees of freedom.
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NSET
Set reference number: n -Arbitrary set number. HIGH -The highest defined coupled set number will be used (default, unless Lab = ALL). This option is useful when adding nodes to an existing set. NEXT -The highest defined coupled set number plus one will be used (default if Lab = ALL). This option automatically numbers coupled sets so that existing sets are not modified.
Lab
Degree of freedom label for coupled nodes (in the nodal coordinate system). Defaults to label previously defined with NSET if set NSET already exists. A different label redefines the previous label associated with NSET. Valid labels are: Structural labels: UX, UY, or UZ (displacements); ROTX, ROTY, or ROTZ (rotations) (in radians). Thermal labels: TEMP (temperature). Fluid labels: PRES (pressure); VX, VY, or VZ (velocities). Electric labels: VOLT (voltage); EMF (electromotive force drop); CURR (current). Magnetic labels: MAG (scalar magnetic potential); AX, AY, or AZ (vector magnetic potentials); CURR (current). Explicit analysis labels: UX, UY, or UZ (displacements). If Lab = ALL, sets will be generated for each active degree of freedom (i.e., one set for the UX degree of freedom, another set for UY etc.), and NSET will be automatically incremented to prevent overwriting existing sets. The ALL option cannot be used to modify existing sets--NSET must be a new set number n or NEXT. The degree of freedom set is determined from all element types defined and the DOF command, if used. ALL is the only label applicable to FLOTRAN.
NODE1, NODE2, NODE3, NODE4, NODE5, NODE6, NODE7, NODE8, NODE9, NODE10, NODE11, NODE12, NODE13, NODE14, NODE15, NODE16, NODE17
List of nodes to be included in set. Duplicate nodes are ignored. If a node number is input as negative, the node is deleted from the coupled set. The first node in the list is the primary (retained) node. If NODE1 = ALL, NODE2 through NODE17 are ignored and all selected nodes [NSEL] are included in the set. If NODE1 = P, graphical picking is enabled and all remaining command fields are ignored (valid only in the GUI). A component name may also be substituted for NODE1.
Notes
Do not include the same degree of freedom in more than one coupled set. Repeat CP command for
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Coupling degrees of freedom into a set causes the results calculated for one member of the set to be the same for all members of the set. Coupling can be used to model various joint and hinge effects. A more general form of coupling can be done with constraint equations [CE]. For structural analyses, a list of nodes is defined along with the nodal directions in which these nodes are to be coupled. As a result of this coupling, these nodes are forced to take the same displacement in the specified nodal coordinate direction. The amount of the displacement is unknown until the analysis is completed. A set of coupled nodes which are not coincident, or which are not along the line of the coupled displacement direction, may produce an applied moment which will not appear in the reaction forces. The actual degrees of freedom available for a particular node depends upon the degrees of freedom associated with element types [ET] at that node. For example, degrees of freedom available with BEAM3 elements are UX, UY, and ROTZ only. For scalar field analysis, this command is used to couple nodal temperatures, pressures, voltages, etc. For an explicit dynamic analysis, the only valid DOF labels for coupling are UX, UY, and UZ. Since the rotational DOF (ROTX, ROTY, ROTZ) are not allowed, The CP family of commands should not be used in an explicit analysis to model rigid body behavior that involves rotations. If CP is used in this manner, it could lead to nonphysical responses. A set of coupled nodes which are not coincident, or which are not along the line of the coupled displacement direction, produce an artificial moment constraint. If the structure rotates, a moment may be produced in the coupled set in the form of a force couple. This moment is in addition to the real reaction forces and may make it appear that moment equilibrium is not satisfied by just the applied forces and the reaction forces. Note, however, that in an explicit dynamic analysis, this artificial moment will not be produced. Rather, just the applied forces and the reaction forces will satisfy the moment equilibrium in the model. Thus, in an explicit analysis, the magnitude of nodal displacements for this set of nodes will depend on the distance from each node to the center of the coupled set, and the direction of displacement will depend on the resulting moment. This may lead to a nonphysical response in some cases. Additional sets of coupled nodes may be generated from a specified set. Degrees of freedom are coupled within a set but are not coupled between sets. No degree of freedom should appear in more than one coupled set. Such an appearance would indicate that at least two sets were in fact part of a single larger set. The first degree of freedom of the coupled set is the "prime" degree of freedom. All other degrees of freedom in the coupled sets are eliminated from the solution matrices by their relationship to the prime degree of freedom. Forces applied to coupled nodes (in the coupled degree of freedom direction) will be summed and applied to the prime degree of freedom. Output forces are also summed at the prime degree of freedom. Degrees of freedom with specified constraints [D] should not be included in a coupled set (unless the degree of freedom is prime). If master degrees of freedom are defined for coupled nodes, only the prime degree of freedom should be so defined. The use of coupled nodes reduces the set of coupled degrees of freedom to only one degree of freedom. The wavefront is correspondingly decreased; however, the overall stiffness (or conductivity) matrix formulation time is increased. In FLOTRAN, you can apply periodic boudary conditions using the CP command along with the PERI macro. Attempts to use the CP command outside the context of the PERI macro may lead to unexpected results.
Menu Paths
Main Menu>Preprocessor>Coupling / Ceqn>Couple DOFs
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Prev COVAL Prev CPCYC C Commands
Next CPCYC Next
CPCYC
Name
CPCYC, Lab, TOLER, KCN, DX, DY, DZ, KNONROT Couples the two side faces of a cyclically symmetric model for loadings that are the same on every segment. group: PREP7:Meshing product: MP ME ST DY PR EM FL PP ED
Lab
Degree of freedom label for coupled nodes (in the nodal coordinate system). If ALL, use all appropriate labels. Valid labels are: Structural labels: UX, UY, or UZ (displacements); ROTX, ROTY, or ROTZ (rotations, in radians). Thermal labels: TEMP (temperature). Fluid labels: PRES (pressure); VX, VY, or VZ (velocities). Electric labels: VOLT (voltage); EMF (electromotive force drop); CURR (current). Magnetic labels: MAG (scalar magnetic potential); AX, AY, or AZ (vector magnetic potentials); CURR (current).
TOLER
Tolerance for coincidence (based on maximum coordinate difference in each global Cartesian direction for node locations and on angle differences for node orientations). Defaults to 0.0001. Only nodes within the tolerance are considered to be coincident for coupling.
KCN
In coordinate system KCN, node 1 of CP + dx dy dz = node 2 of CP.

DX, DY, DZ
Node location increments in the active coordinate system (DR,D ,D for spherical or toroidal).
KNONROT
,DZ for cylindrical, DR,D
When KNONROT = 0, the nodes on coupled sets are rotated into coordinate system KCN (see
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NROTATE command description). When KNONROT = 1, the nodes are not rotated, and you should make sure that coupled nodal DOF directions are correct.
Notes
Cyclic coupling requires identical node and element patterns on the low and high sector boundaries. The MSHCOPY operation allows convenient generation of identical node and element patterns. See Using CPCYC and MSHCOPY Commands in the ANSYS Modeling and Meshing Guide for more information.
Menu Paths
Main Menu>Preprocessor>Coupling / Ceqn>Offset Nodes
Prev CP Prev CPDELE C Commands
Next CPDELE Next
CPDELE
Name
CPDELE, NSET1, NSET2, NINC, Nsel Deletes coupled degree of freedom sets. group: PREP7:Coupled DOF product: MP ME ST DY PR EM FL PP ED
NSET1, NSET2, NINC
Delete coupled sets from NSET1 to NSET2 (defaults to NSET1) in steps of NINC (defaults to 1). If NSET1 = ALL, NSET2 and NINC are ignored and all coupled sets are deleted.
Nsel
Additional node selection control: ANY -Delete coupled set if any of the selected nodes are in the set (default). ALL -Delete coupled set only if all of the selected nodes are in the set.
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Notes
See the CP command for a method to delete individual nodes from a set.
Menu Paths
Main Menu>Preprocessor>Create>Circuit>Delete Elements Main Menu>Preprocessor>Coupling / Ceqn>Del Coupled Sets
Prev CPCYC Prev CPINTF C Commands
Next CPINTF Next
CPINTF
Name
CPINTF , Lab, TOLER Defines coupled degrees of freedom at an interface. group: PREP7:Coupled DOF product: MP ME ST DY PR EM FL PP ED
Lab
Degree of freedom label for coupled nodes (in the nodal coordinate system). If ALL, use all appropriate labels. Valid labels are: Structural labels: UX, UY, or UZ (displacements); ROTX, ROTY, or ROTZ (rotations, in radians). Thermal labels: TEMP (temperature). Fluid labels: PRES (pressure); VX, VY, or VZ (velocities). Electric labels: VOLT (voltage); EMF (electromotive force drop); CURR (current). Magnetic labels: MAG (scalar magnetic potential); AX, AY, or AZ (vector magnetic potentials); CURR (current).
TOLER
Tolerance for coincidence (based on maximum coordinate difference in each global Cartesian direction for node locations and on angle differences for node orientations). Defaults to 0.0001. Only nodes within the tolerance are considered to be coincident for coupling.
Notes
Defines coupled degrees of freedom between coincident nodes (within a tolerance). May be used, for example, to "button" together elements interfacing at a seam, where the seam consists of a series of node pairs. One coupled set is generated for each selected degree of freedom for each pair of
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coincident nodes. For more than two coincident nodes in a cluster, a coupled set is generated from the lowest numbered node to each of the other nodes in the cluster. Coupled sets are generated only within (and not between) clusters. If fewer than all nodes are to be checked for coincidence, use the NSEL command to select nodes. Coupled set reference numbers are incremented by one from the highest previous set number. Use CPLIST to display the generated sets. Only nodes having the same nodal coordinate system orientations ("coincident" within a tolerance) are included. Use the CEINTF command to connect nodes by constraint equations instead of by coupling. Use the EINTF command to connect nodes by line elements instead of by coupling.
Menu Paths
Main Menu>Preprocessor>Coupling / Ceqn>Coincident Nodes
Prev CPDELE Prev /CPLANE C Commands
Next /CPLANE Next
/CPLANE
Name
/CPLANE, KEY Specifies the cutting plane for section and capped displays. group: GRAPHICS:Style product: MP ME ST DY PR EM FL PP ED
KEY
Specifies the cutting plane: 0 -Cutting plane is normal to the viewing vector [/VIEW] and passes through the focus point [/FOCUS ] (default). 1 -The working plane [WPLANE] is the cutting plane.
Command Default
The cutting plane is normal to the viewing vector at the focus point.
Notes
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Defines the cutting plane to be used for section and capped displays [/TYPE,,(1,5,or 7)]. This command is valid in any processor.
Menu Paths
Utility Menu>PlotCtrls>Style>Hidden-Line Options
Prev CPINTF Prev CPLGEN C Commands
Next CPLGEN Next
CPLGEN
Name
CPLGEN, NSETF, Lab1, Lab2, Lab3, Lab4, Lab5 Generates sets of coupled nodes from an existing set. group: PREP7:Coupled DOF product: MP ME ST DY PR EM FL PP ED
NSETF
Generate sets from existing set NSETF.

Lab1, Lab2, Lab3, Lab4, Lab5
Generate sets with these labels (see CP command for valid labels). Sets are numbered as the highest existing set number + 1.
Notes
Generates additional sets of coupled nodes (with different labels) from an existing set [CP, CPNGEN]. The same node numbers are included in the generated sets. If all labels of nodes are to be coupled and the nodes are coincident, the NUMMRG command should be used to automatically redefine the node number (for efficiency).
Menu Paths
Main Menu>Preprocessor>Coupling / Ceqn>Gen w/Same Nodes
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Page 79 of 119 Next CPLIST Next
CPLIST
Name
CPLIST, NSET1, NSET2, NINC, Nsel Lists the coupled degree of freedom sets. group: PREP7:Coupled DOF product: MP ME ST DY PR EM FL PP ED
NSET1, NSET2, NINC
List coupled sets from NSET1 to NSET2 (defaults to NSET1) in steps of NINC (defaults to 1). If NSET1 = ALL (default), NSET2 and NINC are ignored and all coupled sets are listed.
Nsel
Node selection control: ANY -List coupled set if any of the selected nodes are in the set (default). ALL -List coupled set only if all of the selected nodes are in the set.
Notes
Menu Paths
Utility Menu>List>Other>Coupled Sets>All CP nodes selected Utility Menu>List>Other>Coupled Sets>Any CP node selected
Prev CPLGEN Prev CPMERGE C Commands
Next CPMERGE Next 20.05.2004
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CPMERGE
Name
CPMERGE, Lab Merges different couple sets with duplicate degrees of freedom into one couple set. group: PREP7: Coupled DOF product: MP ME ST DY PR EM FL PP ED
Lab
Degree of freedom label for coupled nodes (in the nodal coordinate system). Valid labels are: Structural labels: UX, UY, or UZ (displacements); ROTX, ROTY, or ROTZ (rotations) (in radians). Thermal labels: TEMP (temperature). Fluid labels: PRES (pressure); VX, VY, or VZ (velocities). Electric labels: VOLT (voltage); EMF (electromotive force drop); CURR (current). Magnetic labels: MAG (scalar magnetic potential); AX, AY, or AZ (vector magnetic potentials); CURR (current). Explicit analysis labels: UX, UY, or UZ (displacements). The degree of freedom set is determined from all element types defined and the DOF command, if used.
Menu Paths
Main Menu>Preprocessor>Create>Circuit>Electric>Capacitor Main Menu>Preprocessor>Create>Circuit>Electric>Curr Cntl CS Main Menu>Preprocessor>Create>Circuit>Electric>Curr Cntl VS Main Menu>Preprocessor>Create>Circuit>Electric>Diode Main Menu>Preprocessor>Create>Circuit>Electric>Indp Curr Src>DC/AC Harmonic Main Menu>Preprocessor>Create>Circuit>Electric>Indp Curr Src>Exponential Main Menu>Preprocessor>Create>Circuit>Electric>Indp Curr Src>Piecewise Main Menu>Preprocessor>Create>Circuit>Electric>Indp Curr Src>Pulse Main Menu>Preprocessor>Create>Circuit>Electric>Indp Curr Src>Sinusoidal Main Menu>Preprocessor>Create>Circuit>Electric>Indp Vltg Src>DC/AC Harmonic Main Menu>Preprocessor>Create>Circuit>Electric>Indp Vltg Src>Exponential Main Menu>Preprocessor>Create>Circuit>Electric>Indp Vltg Src>Piecewise Main Menu>Preprocessor>Create>Circuit>Electric>Indp Vltg Src>Pulse Main Menu>Preprocessor>Create>Circuit>Electric>Indp Vltg Src>Sinusoidal Main Menu>Preprocessor>Create>Circuit>Electric>Inductor Main Menu>Preprocessor>Create>Circuit>Electric>Mass Cond 2D Main Menu>Preprocessor>Create>Circuit>Electric>Mass Cond 3D Main Menu>Preprocessor>Create>Circuit>Electric>Mutual Ind Main Menu>Preprocessor>Create>Circuit>Electric>Resistor
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Main Menu>Preprocessor>Create>Circuit>Electric>Strnd Coil Main Menu>Preprocessor>Create>Circuit>Electric>Vltg Cntl CS Main Menu>Preprocessor>Create>Circuit>Electric>Vltg Cntl VS Main Menu>Preprocessor>Create>Circuit>Electric>Wire Main Menu>Preprocessor>Create>Circuit>Electric>Zener Diode Main Menu>Preprocessor>Create>Circuit>Mechanical>Linear Rotary Main Menu>Preprocessor>Create>Circuit>Mechanical>Linear Trans Main Menu>Preprocessor>Create>Circuit>Mechanical>Nonlin Rotary Main Menu>Preprocessor>Create>Circuit>Mechanical>Nonlin Trans Main Menu>Preprocessor>Create>Circuit>Mechanical>Mass Main Menu>Preprocessor>Create>Circuit>Piezoelectric>Capacitor Main Menu>Preprocessor>Create>Circuit>Piezoelectric>Indp Curr Src>DC/AC Harmonic Main Menu>Preprocessor>Create>Circuit>Piezoelectric>Indp Curr Src>Exponential Main Menu>Preprocessor>Create>Circuit>Piezoelectric>Indp Curr Src>Piecewise Main Menu>Preprocessor>Create>Circuit>Piezoelectric>Indp Curr Src>Pulse Main Menu>Preprocessor>Create>Circuit>Piezoelectric>Indp Curr Src>Sinusoidal Main Menu>Preprocessor>Create>Circuit>Piezoelectric>Inductor Main Menu>Preprocessor>Create>Circuit>Piezoelectric>Piezo Transd Main Menu>Preprocessor>Create>Circuit>Piezoelectric>Resistor Main Menu>Preprocessor>Create>Circuit>Piezoelectric>Wire Main Menu>Preprocessor>Create>Circuit>Transducer>ElecMech Main Menu>Preprocessor>Create>Circuit>Delete Elements
Prev CPLIST Prev CPNGEN C Commands
Next CPNGEN Next
CPNGEN
Name
CPNGEN, NSET, Lab, NODE1, NODE2, NINC Defines, modifies, or adds to a set of coupled degrees of freedom. group: PREP7:Coupled DOF product: MP ME ST DY PR EM FL PP ED
NSET
Set reference number [CP].
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Lab
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Degree of freedom label [CP].

NODE1, NODE2, NINC
Include in coupled set nodes NODE1 to NODE2 in steps of NINC (defaults to 1). If NODE1 = P, graphical picking is enabled and all remaining command fields are ignored (valid only in the GUI). If - NODE1, delete range of nodes from set instead of including. A component name may also be substituted for NODE1 (NODE2 and NINC are ignored).
Notes
Defines, modifies, or adds to a set of coupled degrees of freedom. May be used in combination with (or in place of) the CP command. Repeat CPNGEN command for additional nodes.
Menu Paths
Prev CPMERGE Prev CPSGEN C Commands
Next CPSGEN Next
CPSGEN
Name
CPSGEN, ITIME, INC, NSET1, NSET2, NINC Generates sets of coupled nodes from existing sets. group: PREP7:Coupled DOF product: MP ME ST DY PR EM FL PP ED
ITIME, INC
Do this generation operation a total of ITIMEs, incrementing all nodes in the existing sets by INC each time after the first. ITIME must be > 1 for generation to occur.
NSET1, NSET2, NINC
Generate sets from sets beginning with NSET1 to NSET2 (defaults to NSET1) in steps of NINC (defaults to 1). If NSET1 is negative, NSET2 and NINC are ignored and the last | NSET1| sets (in sequence from the maximum set number) are used as the sets to be repeated.
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Notes
Generates additional sets of coupled nodes (with the same labels) from existing sets. Node numbers between sets may be uniformly incremented.
Menu Paths
Main Menu>Preprocessor>Coupling / Ceqn>Gen w/Same DOF
Prev CPNGEN Prev CQC C Commands
Next CQC Next
CQC
Name
CQC, SIGNIF, Label Specifies the complete quadratic mode combination method. group: SOLUTION:Spectrum Options product: MP ME ST PR PP ED
SIGNIF
Combine only those modes whose significance level exceeds the SIGNIF threshold. For single point, multipoint, or DDAM response (SPOPT ,SPRS, MPRS or DDAM), the significance level of a mode is defined as the mode coefficient of the mode, divided by the maximum mode coefficient of all modes. Any mode whose significance level is less than SIGNIF is considered insignificant and is not contributed to the mode combinations. The higher the SIGNIF threshold, the fewer the number of modes combined. SIGNIF defaults to 0.001. If SIGNIF is specified as 0.0, it is taken as 0.0. (This mode combination method is not valid for SPOPT ,PSD.)
Label
Label identifying the combined mode solution output. DISP -Displacement solution (default). Displacements, stresses, forces, etc., are available. VELO -Velocity solution. Velocities, "stress velocities," "force velocities," etc., are available.
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C Commands ACEL --
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Acceleration solution. Accelerations, "stress accelerations," "force accelerations," etc., are available.
Notes
Damping is required for this mode combination method. The CQC command is also valid for PREP7.
Menu Paths
Main Menu>Preprocessor>Loads>Spectrum>Mode Combine Main Menu>Solution>Spectrum>Mode Combine
Prev CPSGEN Prev *CREATE C Commands
Next *CREATE Next
*CREATE
Name
*CREATE, Fname, Ext, Dir Opens (creates) a macro file. group: APDL:Macro Files product: MP ME ST DY PR EM FL PP ED
Fname

Ext

Ext Dir
should not be used if file is to be read with the macro Name option of the *USE command.

Dir
should not be used if file is to be read with the macro Name option of the *USE command. 20.05.2004
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Notes
See the *USE command for a discussion of macros. All commands following the *CREATE command, up to the *END command, are written to the specified file without being executed. An existing file of the same name, if any, will be overwritten. Parameter values are not substituted for parameter names in the commands when the commands are written to the file. Use *CFWRITE to create a file if this is desired. The resulting macro may be executed with a *USE command (which also allows parameters to be passed into the macro) or a /INPUT command (which does not allow parameters to be passed in). Several macros may be stacked into a library file [*ULIB]. You cannot use *CREATE within a DO loop. This command is valid in any processor.
Menu Paths
Utility Menu>Macro>Create Macro
Prev CQC Prev CRPLIM C Commands
Next CRPLIM Next
CRPLIM
Name
CRPLIM, CRCR, Option Specifies the creep criterion for automatic time stepping. group: SOLUTION:Nonlinear Options product: MP ME ST PP ED
CRCR
Value of creep criteria for the creep limit ratio control.

Option
Type of creep analysis: 1 or ON -Implicit creep analysis. 0 of OFF --
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C Commands Explicit creep analysis.
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Notes
The creep ratio control can be used at the same time for implicit creep and explicit creep analyses. For implicit creep ( Option = 1), the default value of CRCR is zero (i.e., no creep limit control), and you are allowed to specify any value. For explicit creep ( Option = 0), the default value of CRCR is 0.1. The maximum value allowed is 0.25. This command is also valid in PREP7. The CUTCONTROL command can be used for the same purpose and is the preferred command.
Menu Paths
Main Menu>Preprocessor>Loads>Nonlinear>Creep Criterion Main Menu>Solution>Nonlinear>Creep Criterion
Prev *CREATE Prev CS C Commands
Next CS Next
CS
Name
CS, KCN, KCS, NORIG , NXAX, NXYPL, PAR1, PAR2 Defines a local coordinate system by three node locations. group: DATABASE:Coordinate System product: MP ME ST DY PR EM FL PP ED
KCN
KCS
Coordinate system type: 0 or CART -Cartesian 1 or CYLIN --
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C Commands Cylindrical (circular or elliptical) 2 or SPHE -Spherical (or spheroidal) 3 or TORO -Toroidal
NORIG
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Node defining the origin of this coordinate system. If NORIG = P, graphical picking is enabled and all remaining command fields are ignored (valid only in the GUI).
NXAX
Node defining the positive x-axis orientation of this coordinate system.

NXYPL
Node defining the x-y plane (with NORIG and NXAX) in the first or second quadrant of this coordinate system.
PAR1
PAR2
Notes
Defines and activates a local right-handed coordinate system by specifying three existing nodes: to locate the origin, to locate the positive x-axis, and to define the positive x-y plane. This local system becomes the active coordinate system. See the CLOCAL , CSKP, CSWPLA, and LOCAL commands for alternate definitions. Local coordinate systems may be displayed with the /PSYMB command. This command is valid in any processor.
Menu Paths
Utility Menu>WorkPlane>Local Coordinate Systems>Create Local CS>By 3 Nodes
Prev
Next
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CSCIR
Name
CSCIR, KCN, KTHET, KPHI Locates the singularity for non-Cartesian local coordinate systems. group: DATABASE:Coordinate System product: MP ME ST DY PR EM FL PP ED
KCN
Number of the local coordinate system in which singularity location is to be changed. Must be greater than 10.
KTHET
Theta singularity location for cylindrical, spherical, and toroidal systems: 0 -Singularity at 180. 1 -Singularity at 0 (360).
KPHI
Phi singularity location for toroidal systems: 0 -Singularity in phi direction at 180. 1 -Singularity in phi direction at 0 (360 ).
Command Default
Singularities at 180.
Notes
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Continuous closed surfaces (circles, cylinders, spheres, etc.) have a singularity (discontinuity) at = 180. For local cylindrical, spherical, and toroidal coordinate systems, this singularity location may be changed to 0 (360 ). An additional, similar singularity occurs in the toroidal coordinate system at = 180 and can be moved with KPHI. Additional singularities occur in the spherical coordinate system at = 90, but cannot be moved. This command is valid in any processor.
Menu Paths
Main Menu>General Postproc>Path Operations>Define Path>On Working Plane Utility Menu>WorkPlane>Local Coordinate Systems>Move Singularity
Prev CS Prev CSDELE C Commands
Next CSDELE Next
CSDELE
Name
CSDELE, KCN1, KCN2, KCINC Deletes local coordinate systems. group: DATABASE:Coordinate System product: MP ME ST DY PR EM FL PP ED
KCN1, KCN2, KCINC
Delete coordinate systems from KCN1 (must be greater than 10) to KCN2 (defaults to KCN1) in steps of KCINC (defaults to 1). If KCN1 = ALL, KCN2 and KCINC are ignored and all coordinate systems are deleted.
Notes
Menu Paths
Utility Menu>WorkPlane>Local Coordinate Systems>Delete Local CS
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Prev CSCIR Prev CSKP C Commands
Next CSKP Next
CSKP
Name
CSKP, KCN, KCS, PORIG, PXAXS, PXYPL, PAR1, PAR2 Defines a local coordinate system by three keypoint locations. group: DATABASE:Coordinate System product: MP ME ST DY PR EM FL PP ED
KCN
KCS
Coordinate system type: 0 or CART -Cartesian 1 or CYLIN -Cylindrical (circular or elliptical) 2 or SPHE -Spherical (or spheroidal) 3 or TORO -Toroidal
PORIG
Keypoint defining the origin of this coordinate system. If PORIG = P, graphical picking is enabled and all remaining command fields are ignored (valid only in the GUI).
PXAXS
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C Commands Keypoint defining the positive x-axis orientation of this coordinate system.
PXYPL
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Keypoint defining the x-y plane (with PORIG and PXAXS) in the first or second quadrant of this coordinate system.
PAR1
PAR2
Notes
Defines and activates a local right-handed coordinate system by specifying three existing keypoints: to locate the origin, to locate the positive x-axis, and to define the positive x-y plane. This local system becomes the active coordinate system. See the CLOCAL, CS, CSWPLA, and LOCAL commands for alternate definitions. Local coordinate systems may be displayed with the /PSYMB command. This command is valid in any processor.
Menu Paths
Utility Menu>WorkPlane>Local Coordinate Systems>Create Local CS>By 3 Keypoints
Prev CSDELE Prev CSLIST C Commands
Next CSLIST Next
CSLIST
Name
CSLIST, KCN1, KCN2, KCINC Lists coordinate systems. group: DATABASE:Coordinate System product: MP ME ST DY PR EM FL PP ED
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KCN1, KCN2, KCINC
List coordinate systems from KCN1 to KCN2 (defaults to KCN1) in steps of KCINC (defaults to 1). If KCN1 = ALL (default), KCN2 and KCINC are ignored and all coordinate systems are listed.
Notes
Menu Paths
Utility Menu>List>Other>Local Coord Sys
Prev CSKP Prev CSWPLA C Commands
Next CSWPLA Next
CSWPLA
Name
CSWPLA, KCN, KCS, PAR1 , PAR2 Defines a local coordinate system at the origin of the working plane. group: DATABASE:Coordinate System product: MP ME ST DY PR EM FL PP ED
KCN
KCS
Coordinate system type: 0 or CART -Cartesian 1 or CYLIN --
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C Commands Cylindrical (circular or elliptical) 2 or SPHE -Spherical (or spheroidal) 3 or TORO -Toroidal
PAR1
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PAR2
Notes
Defines and activates a local right-handed coordinate system centered at the origin of the working plane. The coordinate system's local x-y plane (for a Cartesian system) or R- plane (for a cylindrical or spherical system) corresponds to the working plane. This local system becomes the active coordinate system. See the CS, LOCAL, CLOCAL , and CSKP commands for alternate ways to define a local coordinate system. Local coordinate systems may be displayed with the /PSYMB command. This command is valid in any processor.
Menu Paths
Main Menu>General Postproc>Path Operations>Define Path>On Working Plane Utility Menu>WorkPlane>Local Coordinate Systems>Create Local CS>At WP Origin
Prev CSLIST Prev CSYS C Commands
Next CSYS Next
CSYS
Name
CSYS, KCN Activates a previously defined coordinate system.
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KCN
Specifies the active coordinate system, as follows: 0 (default) -Cartesian 1 -Cylindrical with Z as the axis of rotation 2 -Spherical 4 or WP -Working Plane 5 -Cylindrical with Y as the axis of rotation 11 or greater -Any previously defined local coordinate system CSYS,4 (or CSYS,WP) activates working plane tracking, which updates the coordinate system to follow working plane changes. To deactivate working plane tracking, activate any other coordinate system (for example, CSYS,0 or CSYS,11). CSYS,5 is a cylindrical coordinate system with Y as the axis. The system has local X in the global +X direction, local Y in the global -Z direction, and local Z (the cylindrical axis) in the global +Y direction. The R-Theta plane is then the global X-Z plane, just as it is for an axisymmetric model.
Notes
Activates a previously defined coordinate system for geometry input and generation. The LOCAL, CLOCAL, CS, CSKP, and CSWPLA commands also activate coordinate systems as they are defined. The active coordinate system for files created via the CDWRITE command is Cartesian (CSYS,0). This command is valid in any processor.
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Menu Paths
Utility Menu>WorkPlane>Change Active CS to>Global Cartesian Utility Menu>WorkPlane>Change Active CS to>Global Cylindrical Utility Menu>WorkPlane>Change Active CS to>Global Spherical Utility Menu>WorkPlane>Change Active CS to>Specified Coord Sys Utility Menu>WorkPlane>Change Active CS to>Working Plane Utility Menu>WorkPlane>Offset WP to>Global Origin
Prev CSWPLA Prev /CTYPE C Commands
Next /CTYPE Next
/CTYPE
Name
/CTYPE, KEY, DOTD, DOTS, DSHP, TLEN Specifies the type of contour display. group: GRAPHICS:Style product: MP ME ST DY PR EM FL PP ED
KEY
Type of display: 0 -Standard contour display. 1 -Isosurface display. 2 -Particle gradient display. 3 -Gradient triad display.
DOTD
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Maximum dot density for particle gradient display ( KEY = 2). Density is expressed as dots per screen width (defaults to 30).
DOTS
Dot size for particle gradient display ( KEY = 2). Size is expressed as a fraction of the screen width (defaults to 0.0 (single dot width)).
DSHP
Spherical dot shape precision for particle gradient display ( KEY = 2). (3-D options are supported only on 3-D devices): 0 -Flat 2-D circular dot. 1 -Flat-sided 3-D polyhedron. n -3-D sphere with n (>1) polygon divisions per 90 of radius.
TLEN
Maximum length of triads for gradient triad display ( KEY = 3). Value is expressed as a fraction of the screen width (defaults to 0.067).
Command Default
Standard contour display.
Notes
Use /CTYPE,STAT to display the current settings. Only the standard contour display [/CTYPE,0) and the isosurface contour display [/CTYPE,1] are supported by PowerGraphics [/GRAPHICS,POWER]. This command is valid in any processor.
Menu Paths
Utility Menu>PlotCtrls>Style>Contours>Contour Style
Prev CSYS Prev CURR2D C Commands
Next CURR2D Next
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CURR2D
Name
CURR2D Calculates current flow in a two -dimensional conductor. group: POST1:Magnetics Calculations product: MP ME ST EM PP ED
Notes
CURR2D invokes an ANSYS macro which calculates the total current flowing in a conducting body for a two -dimensional planar or axisymmetric magnetic field analysis. The currents may be applied source currents or induced currents (eddy currents). The elements of the conducting region must be selected before this command is issued. The total current calculated by the macro is stored in the parameter TCURR. Also, the total current and total current density are stored on a per-element basis in the element table [ETABLE] with the labels TCURR and JT, respectively. Use the PLETAB and PRETAB commands to plot and list the element table items.
Menu Paths
Main Menu>General Postproc>Elec&Mag Calc>Current
Prev /CTYPE Prev CUTCONTROL C Commands
Next CUTCONTROL Next
CUTCONTROL
Name
CUTCONTROL, Lab, VALUE, Option Controls time-step cutback during a nonlinear solution. group: SOLUTION:Analysis Options product: MP ME ST PR EM PP ED
Lab
Specifies the criteria for causing a cutback. Possible arguments are PLSLIMIT --
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Maximum equivalent plastic strain allowed within a time-step (substep). If the calculated value exceeds the VALUE, ANSYS performs a cutback (bisection). VALUE defaults to 0.15 (15%). CRPLIMIT -Maximum equivalent creep ratio allowed within a time step (substep). If the calculated value exceeds VALUE, ANSYS performs a cutback (bisection). The default depends on whether you are performing an implicit or explicit creep analysis (see Option argument below). The creep ratio control can be used at the same time for implicit creep and explicit creep analyses. For an implicit creep analysis, VALUE defaults to zero (i.e., no creep limit control), and you are allowed to enter any value. For an explicit creep analysis, VALUE defaults to 0.1 (10%) and the maximum value allowed is 0.25. DSPLIMIT -Maximum incremental displacement within the solution field in a time step (substep). If the maximum calculated value exceeds VALUE, ANSYS performs a cutback (bisection). 7 VALUE defaults to 1.0 x 10 . NPOINT -Number of points in a cycle for a second order dynamic equation, used to control automatic time stepping. If the number of solution points per cycle exceeds VALUE, ANSYS performs a cutback in time step size. VALUE defaults to 13. NOITERPREDICT -If VALUE is 0 (default), an internal auto time step scheme will predict the number of iterations for nonlinear convergence and perform a cutback earlier than the number of iterations specified by the NEQIT command. This is the recommended option. If VALUE is 1, the solution will iterate (if nonconvergent) to NEQIT number of iterations before a cutback is invoked. It is sometimes useful for poorly-convergent problems, but rarely needed in general.
VALUE
Numeric value for the specified cutback criterion. For Lab = CRPLIMIT, VALUE is the creep criteria for the creep limit ratio control.
Option
Type of creep analysis. Option is valid for Lab = CRPLIMIT only. 1 or ON -Implicit creep analysis. 0 or OFF -Explicit creep analysis.
Notes
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The default values given for this command assume SOLCONTROL,ON (the default). See the description of SOLCONTROL for a complete listing of the defaults set by SOLCONTROL,ON and SOLCONTROL,OFF. A cutback is a method for automatically reducing the step size when either the solution error is too large or the solution encounters convergence difficulties during a nonlinear analysis. Should a convergence failure occur, ANSYS will reduce the time step interval to a fraction of its previous size and automatically continue the solution from the last successfully converged time step. If the reduced time step again fails to converge, ANSYS will again reduce the time step size and proceed with the solution. This process continues until convergence is achieved or the minimum specified time step value is reached. The CRPLIM command is functionally equivalent to Lab = CRPLIMIT.
Menu Paths
Main Menu>Preprocessor>Loads>Nonlinear>Cutback Control Main Menu>Solution>Nonlinear>Cutback Control Main Menu>Solution>Sol'n Controls
Prev CURR2D Prev /CVAL C Commands
Next /CVAL Next
/CVAL
Name
/CVAL, WN, V1, V2, V3, V4, V5, V6, V7, V8 Specifies non-uniform contour values on stress displays. group: GRAPHICS:Labeling product: MP ME ST DY PR EM FL PP ED
WN

V1, V2, V3, V4, V5, V6, V7, V8
Up to 8 contour values may be specified (in ascending order). The 0.0 value (if any) must not be the last value specified. If no values are specified, all contour specifications are erased and contours are automatically calculated.
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Command Default
Nine contour values uniformly spaced between the extreme values.
Notes
This command is similar to the /CONTOUR command except that each contour value may be explicitly defined instead of generated in a uniformly spaced fashion. If both /CONTOUR and /CVAL are used, only the last is used. This command is valid in any processor.
Menu Paths
Utility Menu>PlotCtrls>Style>Contours>Non-uniform Contours
Prev CUTCONTROL Prev CVAR C Commands
Next CVAR Next
CVAR
Name
CVAR, IR, IA, IB, ITYPE, DATUM, Name Computes covariance between two quantities. group: POST26:Special Purpose product: MP ME ST PP ED
IR
Arbitrary reference number assigned to the resulting variable (2 to NV [NUMVAR]). If this number is the same as for a previous variable, the previous variable will be overwritten with this result.
IA, IB
Reference numbers of the two variables to be operated on. If only one, leave IB blank.
ITYPE
Defines the type of response PSD to be calculated: 0,1 --
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C Commands Displacement (default). 2 -Velocity. 3 -Acceleration.

DATUM
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Defines the reference with respect to which covariance is to be calculated: 1 -Absolute value. 2 -Relative to base (default).
Name
Thirty-two character name for identifying the variable on listings and displays. Embedded blanks are compressed upon output.
Notes
This command computes the covariance value for the variables referenced by the reference numbers IA and IB. If DATUM = 2, the variable referenced by IR will contain the individual modal contributions (i.e., the dynamic or relative values). If DATUM = 1, the variable referenced by IR will contain the modal contributions followed by the contributions of pseudo-static and covariance between dynamic and pseudo-static responses. File.PSD must be available for the calculations to occur.
Menu Paths
Main Menu>TimeHist Postpro>Calc Covariance
Prev /CVAL Prev /CWD C Commands
Next /CWD Next
/CWD
Name
C Commands /CWD, DIRPATH Changes the current working directory. group: SESSION:Run Controls product: MP ME ST DY PR EM FL PP ED
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DIRPATH
The full path name of the new working directory.
Notes
After issuing the /CWD command, all new files opened with no default directory specified (via the FILE, /COPY or RESUME commands, for example) default to the new DIRPATH directory. If issuing the command interactively and the specified directory does not exist, no change of directory occurs and the command generates an error message. If the command executes via a batch run and the specified directory does not exist, the batch program terminates with an error.
Menu Paths
Utility Menu>File>Change Directory
Prev CVAR Prev /CYCEXPAND C Commands
Next /CYCEXPAND Next
/CYCEXPAND
Name
/CYCEXPAND, --, OPTION, Value1, Value2 In preprocessing, verifies a cyclically symmetric model by graphically expanding it partially or through the full 360 degrees. For the postprocessing plot nodal solution (PLNSOL) operation, graphically expands displacements, stresses and strains of a cyclically symmetric model partially or though the full 360 degrees by combining the real (original nodes and elements) and imaginary (duplicate nodes and elements) parts of the solution. For the print nodal solution (PRNSOL) operation, expands the printed output of displacements or stresses on a sector-by-sector basis. group: PREP7:Special Purpose POST1:Special Purpose product: MP ME ST PR PP ED
C Commands
--
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This field is reserved for future use.

OPTION
One of the following options: ON -Activates cyclic expansion using the previous settings (if any). If no previous settings exist, this option activates the default settings. DEFAULT -Resets cyclic expansion to the default settings. OFF -Deactivates cyclic expansion. This option is the default. STATUS -Lists the current cyclic expansion settings. AMOUNT -The number of repetitions or the total angle. Value1 -NREPEAT Value2 -The number of repetitions. The default is the total number of sectors in 360 degrees. or Value1 -ANGLE Value2 -The total angle in degrees. The default is 360. WHAT -A specified portion or subset of the model to expand: Value1 --
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Page 104 of 119 The component name of the elements to expand. The default is all selected components.
PHASEANG -The phase angle shift: Value1 -The phase angle shift in degrees. The valid range is 0 through 360. The default is 0. Typically, this value is the phase angle obtained via the CYCPHASE command.
Notes
The /CYCEXPAND command does not average nodal results across sector boundaries. Use of the /CYCEXPAND command does not change the database. The command does not modify the geometry, nodal displacements or element stresses. The command affects element and result plots only. It has no effect on operations other than plot element solution (PLESOL), plot nodal solution (PLNSOL) and print nodal solution ( PRNSOL). Operations other than PLESOL, PLNSOL, or PRNSOL work on the unprocessed real and imaginary parts of a cyclic symmetry solution If you issue a /CYCEXPAND,,OFF command, you cannot then expand the model by simply issuing another /CYCEXPAND command (for example, to specify an NREPEAT value for the number of repetitions). In such a case, you must specify /CYCEXPAND,,ON, which activates expansion using the previous settings (if any) or the default settings. The command requires PowerGraphics. (By default, PowerGraphics is active during an interactive session, but not during a batch run.) To activate PowerGraphics, issue the /GRAPHICS,POWER command. Any setting which bypasses PowerGraphics (for example, RSYS,SOLU) also bypasses cyclic expansion; in such cases, the /CYCEXPAND command displays unprocessed real and imaginary results. The command does not work with PGR files. If cyclic expansion is active, the AVRES,,FULL command is invalid. The preferred cyclic symmetry analysis method employs the CYCLIC, CYCOPT , SOLVE and /CYCEXPAND commands. The new method currently applies only to the following linear analyses: modal, static (cyclically symmetric loading only), and pre-stressed modal.
Important
The prior cyclic symmetry analysis method (before ANSYS 6.0) employed the CYCGEN, CYCSOL, EXPAND,MODAL and /EXPAND,MODAL commands. Do not combine the two methods.
Menu Paths
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C Commands Main Menu>General Postproc>Cyclic Analysis>Cyc Expansion Main Menu>Preprocessor>Cyclic Sector>Cyc Expansion
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Prev /CWD Prev CYCGEN C Commands
Next CYCGEN Next
CYCGEN
Name
CYCGEN, 'LOAD' Generates a duplicate of the basic sector in a modal cyclic symmetry analysis. group: PREP7:Special Purpose product: MP ME ST DY PR PP ED
'LOAD'
Copies the pressures, temperatures, nodal displacements, and nodal forces, as well as the geometry, couplings, and constraint equations, to a duplicate sector. If you specify this optional argument, include the single quotation marks, as shown.
Notes
In a modal cyclic symmetry analysis, CYCGEN generates a duplicate sector on top of a predefined basic sector. The basic sector from which the command generates the duplicate can consist of finite elements, internal constraint equations, and couplings. Superelements are not allowed. The basis sector must have matching nodes on the low and high angle edges. The edges can be of any shape and need not be "flat" in cylindrical space. A proper basic sector serves as a pattern which, when repeated n times in cylindrical space, yields the entire model. To copy all internal constraint equations and couplings associated with the basic sector to the duplicate sector, issue the command with no arguments. If you want to also copy pressures, temperatures, nodal displacements and nodal forces, specify the 'LOAD' option. (The quotation marks around the argument are necessary because the command initiates an ANSYS macro.) CYCGEN is one of two macros used to perform modal cyclic symmetry analysis. The other macro is CYCSOL. Use of either or both macros is also valid for prestressed cases. The preferred modal cyclic symmetry analysis method employs the /CYCEXPAND, CYCLIC, CYCOPT , and SOLVE commands; the preferred method also creates the duplicate sector
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automatically (without user intervention) when required. The older method (prior to ANSYS 6.0) employed the CYCGEN, CYCSOL, EXPAND,MODAL and /EXPAND,MODAL commands. Do not combine the two methods.
Menu Paths
Main Menu>Preprocessor>Cyclic Sector>Cyclic Sector
Prev /CYCEXPAND Prev *CYCLE C Commands
Next *CYCLE Next
*CYCLE
Name
*CYCLE Bypasses commands within a do-loop. group: APDL:Process Controls product: MP ME ST DY PR EM FL PP ED
Notes
Bypasses all commands between this command and the *ENDDO command within a do-loop. The next loop (if applicable) is initiated. The cycle option may also be conditionally executed [Use the *IF]. The *CYCLE command must appear on the same file as the *DO command. This command is valid in any processor.
Menu Paths
Prev CYCGEN Prev CYCLIC C Commands
Next CYCLIC Next
CYCLIC
Name
C Commands
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CYCLIC, NSECTOR, ANGLE, KCN, Name, USRCOMP Specifies a cyclic symmetry analysis. group: PREP7:Special Purpose product: MP ME ST PR PP ED
NSECTOR
The number of sectors in the full 360 degrees, or one of the following options: STATUS -Indicates the current cyclic status. OFF -Resets model to normal (non-cyclic) status and removes the duplicate sector if it exists. This option also deletes automatically detected edge components (generated when USRCOMP = 0). UNDOUBLE -Removes the duplicate sector if it exists. The duplicate sector is created during a modal cyclic symmetry SOLVE operation.
Important
The duplicate sector is necessary for displaying cyclic symmetry analysis results in /POST1. If you specify a value of STATUS, OFF or UNDOUBLE, the command ignores all remaining arguments. ANGLE The sector angle in degrees. KCN An arbitrary reference number assigned to the cyclic coordinate system. The default value of 0 specifies automatic detection. Name The root name of sector low and high edge components (line, area, or node components). The default root name (when USRCOMP = 0) is CYCLIC. A root name that you specify can contain up to 11 characters. The naming convention for each low and high edge component pair is: name_mxxl, name_mxxh
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where name is the default or specified root name and xx is the component pair ID number (sequential, starting at 01). USRCOMP The number of pairs of user-defined low and high edge components on the cyclic sector (if any). The default value of 0 specifies automatic detection of sector edges; however, the automatic setting is not valid in all cases. (For more information, see the Notes section below.) If the value is greater than 0, no verification of user-defined components occurs.
Notes
The preferred modal cyclic symmetry analysis method employs the CYCLIC, CYCOPT , SOLVE and /CYCEXPAND commands. The new method currently applies only to the following linear analyses: modal, static (cyclically symmetric loading only), and pre-stressed modal.
Important
The prior cyclic symmetry analysis method (before ANSYS 6.0) employed the CYCGEN, CYCSOL, EXPAND,MODAL and /EXPAND,MODAL commands. Do not combine the two methods. A cyclically symmetric model set up using the CYCLIC command during preprocessing ( /PREP7) is solved at the nodal diamaters specified via the CYCOPT command. The /CYCEXPAND command provides options for graphically expanding your cyclic model into the full 360 degrees for model verification in the preprocessor. During postprocessing (/POST1), the /CYCEXPAND command expands the solution (SOLVE) results. In a modal cyclic symmetry analysis, you can issue the CYCPHASE command during postprocessing to calculate the phase angles at which minimum/maximum displacements, stresses, and strains occur for repeated eigenmodes. The CYCLIC command automatically detects the number of sectors (NSECTOR ), the sector angle (ANGLE ), and the coordinate system (KCN) based upon the existing solid or finite-element model. You can input your own value for NSECTOR, ANGLE or KCN; if you do so, the command verifies argument values before executing. When USRCOMP = 0 (default), the command automatically detects low and high edge components for models meshed as follows:
?
All elements meshed into volumes only All elements meshed into areas only (no volumes selected) All 3-D solid elements only (no volumes or areas selected) All 3-D shell elements only (no volumes or areas selected) All plane 2-D elements only (no volumes or areas selected).
In all other cases, you must specify the low and high edge component pairs. Examples requiring manual specification include models meshed with a combination of volumes and areas, or models meshed with lines. The CYCLIC command sets values and keys so that the commands for area mesh (AMESH) and file://D:\Documents%20and%20Settings\Administrator\Local%20Settings\Temp\~hh... 20.05.2004
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volume mesh (VMESH) mesh the sector with matching node and element face patterns on the low and high edges. (The command has no effect on any other element-creation command.) Issue the CYCLIC command prior to AMESH or VMESH and do not issue commands for any other meshing operation (for example, VSWEEP). The restrictions are necessary to allow AMESH or VMESH to construct matching node and element patterns on the low and high sector edges; otherwise, you must ensure that node and element patterns match. The constraint equations (CEs) that tie together the low and high edges of your model are generated at the solution stage of the analysis from the low and high edge components (and nowhere else). You should verify that automatically detected components are in the correct locations and that you are able to account for all components; to do so, you can list (CMLIST) or plot (CMPLOT) the components.
Menu Paths
Main Menu>Preprocessor>Cyclic Sector>Auto Defined Main Menu>Preprocessor>Cyclic Sector>User Defined
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CYCOPT
Name
CYCOPT , OPTION, Value1, Value2, Value3, Value4, Value5, Value6, Value7 Specifies solution options for a cyclic symmetry analysis. group: PREP7:Special Purpose SOLUTION: Dynamic Options product: MP ME ST PR PP ED
OPTION
One of the following options: STATUS -Lists the solution option settings active for the cyclic model. This option is the default. DEFAULT --
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C Commands Sets the default cyclic solution settings. NODDIA --
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The nodal diameter solution ranges. The SOLVE command initiates a cyclic symmetry solution sequence at the nodal diameters specified. (By default, the SOLVE command solves for all available nodal diameters.) Value1,Value2,Value3 -Solve nodal diameters in range Value1 through Value2 in steps of Value3. Repeat the command to add other ranges. The default solves all applicable nodal diameters.
Value4
--
The only valid value is -1. If specified, it removes Value1 through Value2 in steps of Value3 from the set to solve. DOF -The degrees of freedom to couple from the nodes on the low sector boundary to nodes on the high boundary:
Value1
--
The component pair ID number.

Value2
- Value7 --
The constraint-equation/-coupling degree of freedom (DOF) for this pair. Repeat the command to add other DOFs. The default is constraint-equation/-coupling all applicable DOFs.
Notes
A cyclically symmetric model (set up via the CYCLIC command during preprocessing) is solved at the nodal diamaters specified via the CYCOPT command. The command is valid in the preprocessing and solution stages of an analysis. The preferred modal cyclic symmetry analysis method employs the CYCLIC, CYCOPT , SOLVE and /CYCEXPAND commands. The new method currently applies only to the following linear analyses: modal, static (cyclically symmetric loading only), and pre-stressed modal.
Important
The prior cyclic symmetry analysis method (before ANSYS 6.0) employed the CYCGEN, CYCSOL, EXPAND,MODAL and /EXPAND,MODAL commands. Do not combine the two methods.
Menu Paths
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C Commands Main Menu>Preprocessor>Cyclic Sector>Cyclic Options Main Menu>Solution>Cyclic Options
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Prev CYCLIC Prev CYCPHASE C Commands
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CYCPHASE
Name
CYCPHASE, TYPE, OPT1 Provides tools for determining minimum and maximum possible result values from frequency couplets produced in a modal cyclic symmetry analysis. group: POST1:Special Purpose product: MP ME ST PR PP
TYPE
The type of operation requested: DISP -Calculate the maximum and minimum possible displacement at each node in the original sector model. Store the values and the phase angle at which they occurred. STRESS -Calculate the maximum and minimum possible stresses at each node in the original sector model. Store the values and the phase angle at which they occurred. STRAIN -Calculate the maximum and minimum possible strains at each node in the original sector model. Store the values and the phase angle at which they occurred. ALL -Calculate the maximum and minimum possible displacement, stress and strain at each node in the original sector model. Store the values and the phase angle at which they occurred. PUT --
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List the current minimum/maximum displacement, stress and strain nodal values. STAT -Summarize the results of the last phase sweep. CLEAR -Clear phase-sweep information from the database.
OPT1
If TYPE = DISP, STRAIN, STRESS or ALL, controls the sweep angle increment to use in the search:
Angle
-The sweep angle increment in degrees, greater than 0.1 and less than 10. The default is 1.
If TYPE = PUT, controls which values are placed onto the model: MAX -Put all existing nodal maximum values onto the model. This option is the default. MIN -Put all existing nodal minimum values onto the model.
Notes
When you expand the results of a modal cyclic symmetry analysis, the default /CYCEXPAND, /EXPAND and EXPAND commands combine the real and imaginary results for a given nodal diameter, assuming no phase shift between them; however, the modal response can occur at any phase shift. CYCPHASE response results are valid only for the first cyclic sector. To obtain the response at any part of the expanded model, ANSYS recommends using cyclic symmetry results expansion at the phase angle obtained via CYCPHASE. You can expand cyclic symmetry results via the /CYCEXPAND command (or the /EXPAND or EXPAND command in ANSYS 5.7.1). The phase angles returned by CYCPHASE contain the minimum and maximum values for USUM, SEQV and other scalar principal stress and strain quantities; however, they do not always return the true minimum and maximum values for directional quantities like UX or SX unless the values fall in the first sector. CYCPHASE does not consider midside node values when evaluating maximum and minimum values, which may affect DISPLAY quantities but no others. (Typically, ANSYS ignores midside file://D:\Documents%20and%20Settings\Administrator\Local%20Settings\Temp\~hh... 20.05.2004
C Commands node stresses and strains during postprocessing.)
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Issuing CYCPHASE,PUT zeros out the result values for midside nodes on high order elements; therefore, this option sets element faceting (/EFACET ) to 1. The command reports that midside nodal values are set to zero and indicates that element faceting is set to 1. The RSYS command has no effect on the CYCPHASE command. Component values reported by CYCPHASE are in the global Cartesian coordinate system. The CYCPHASE command is valid in /POST1 and for cyclic symmetric models only. The preferred modal cyclic symmetry analysis method employs the /CYCEXPAND, CYCLIC, CYCOPT , and SOLVE commands. The prior method (before ANSYS 6.0) employed the CYCGEN, CYCSOL, EXPAND,MODAL and /EXPAND,MODAL commands. While you should not combine the two methods during a cyclic symmetry analysis, the CYCPHASE command is valid for models solved using either method.
Menu Paths
Main Menu>General Postproc>Cyclic Analysis>Cyclic Phase>Clear Main Menu>General Postproc>Cyclic Analysis>Cyclic Phase>List Main Menu>General Postproc>Cyclic Analysis>Cyclic Phase>Phase Sweep Main Menu>General Postproc>Cyclic Analysis>Cyclic Phase>Put Phase Results Main Menu>General Postproc>Cyclic Analysis>Cyclic Phase>Status Main Menu>General Postproc>Cyclic Phase>Clear Main Menu>General Postproc>Cyclic Phase>List Main Menu>General Postproc>Cyclic Phase>Phase Sweep Main Menu>General Postproc>Cyclic Phase>Put Phase Results Main Menu>General Postproc>Cyclic Phase>Status
Prev CYCOPT Prev CYCSOL C Commands
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CYCSOL
Name
CYCSOL, NDMIN, NDMAX, NSECTOR, Lowname, Highname, TOL, KMOVE, KPAIRS Performs a modal cyclic symmetry analysis. group: SOLUTION:Dynamic Options product: MP ME ST DY PR PP ED
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NDMIN, NDMAX
The nodal diameter range of interest.

NSECTOR
The number of sectors in the complete 360 degrees.

Lowname
The required component name of the nodes forming the lower angle edge, enclosed in single quotes.
Highname
The optional component name of the nodes forming the higher angle edge, enclosed in single quotes.
TOL
The tolerance determining whether a node on the low side should be paired with another node on the high side. Nodes match if, in the cyclic cylindrical coordinate system, they differ by less than TOL2 in X (radius), Z (axial position), and X * Y * /180 (with Y as in the cylindrical coordinate system). TOL2 is one of the following values: ? TOL, if TOL > 0
?
1.0E - 6, if TOL = 0 -TOL * Size, if TOL < 0 Size represents the larger of the maximum minus minimum X values, or Z values of the nodes belonging to Highname (if defined) or the entire model (if Highname is not defined).
KMOVE
Flag indicating whether nodes should be moved to create matching pairs. The default is 0 (no move).
KPAIRS
Flag indicating whether to print out matching pairs of nodes.
Notes
The CYCSOL command initiates a modal cyclic symmetry analysis for which you provide the file://D:\Documents%20and%20Settings\Administrator\Local%20Settings\Temp\~hh... 20.05.2004
C Commands following data:

?
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A nodal diameter range ( NDMIN and NDMAX) The name of the component comprising the set of nodes at the lower angle (and optionally the name of the component comprising the set of nodes at the higher angle) The number of sectors comprising the entire structure.
Use only the cylindrical coordinate system with Z as the axis ( CSYS,1) to obtain the solution; otherwise, unpredictable results may occur. CYCSOL is one of two macros used to perform modal cyclic symmetry analyses; the other is CYCGEN. You can also use the macros for prestressed cases. In postprocessing, you can perform a phase-angle sweep via the CYCPHASE command and display the results for the 360 model via the EXPAND or /EXPAND command. When issuing the command, ANSYS recommends selecting the default Block Lanczos eigensolver as the mode-extraction method (using the MODOPT command). Then, select the appropriate Lagrange multiplier constraint equation processing method. (For more information, see Modal Analysis in the ANSYS Structural Analysis Guide and the description of the MODOPT command.) The preferred modal cyclic symmetry analysis method employs the /CYCEXPAND, CYCLIC, CYCOPT , and SOLVE commands; using the new method, the SOLVE command initiates the solution. The older method (prior to ANSYS 6.0) employed the CYCGEN, CYCSOL, EXPAND,MODAL and /EXPAND,MODAL commands. Do not combine the two methods.
Menu Paths
Main Menu>Preprocessor>Loads>Modal Cyclic Sym Main Menu>Solution>Modal Cyclic Sym
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CYL4
Name
CYL4, XCENTER, YCENTER, RAD1, THETA1, RAD2, THETA2, DEPTH Creates a circular area or cylindrical volume anywhere on the working plane. group: PREP7:Primitives product: MP ME ST DY PR EM EH FL PP ED
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XCENTER, YCENTER
Working plane X and Y coordinates of the center of the circle or cylinder.

RAD1, RAD2
Inner and outer radii (either order) of the circle or cylinder. A value of zero or blank for either RAD1 or RAD2, or the same value for both RAD1 and RAD2, defines a solid circle or cylinder.
THETA1, THETA2
Starting and ending angles (either order) of the circle or faces of the cylinder. Used for creating a partial annulus or partial cylinder. The sector begins at the algebraically smaller angle, extends in a positive angular direction, and ends at the larger angle. The starting angle defaults to 0 and the ending angle defaults to 360. See the ANSYS Modeling and Meshing Guide for an illustration.
DEPTH
The perpendicular distance (either positive or negative based on the working plane Z direction) from the working plane representing the depth of the cylinder. If DEPTH = 0 (default), a circular area is created on the working plane.
Notes
Defines a circular area anywhere on the working plane or a cylindrical volume with one face anywhere on the working plane. For a solid cylinder of 360, the top and bottom faces will be circular (each area defined with four lines) and they will be connected with two surface areas (each spanning 180). See the CYL5, PCIRC, and CYLIND commands for alternate ways to create circles and rectangles. When working with a model imported from an IGES file (DEFAULT import option), you must provide a value for DEPTH or the command will be ignored.
Menu Paths
Main Menu>Preprocessor>Create>Circle>Annulus Main Menu>Preprocessor>Create>Circle>Partial Annulus Main Menu>Preprocessor>Create>Circle>Solid Circle Main Menu>Preprocessor>Create>Cylinder>Hollow Cylinder Main Menu>Preprocessor>Create>Cylinder>Partial Cylinder Main Menu>Preprocessor>Create>Cylinder>Solid Cylinder Main Menu>Preprocessor>Create>Solid Cylindr Main Menu>Preprocessor>Trefftz Domain>Create>Cylinder>Solid Cylinder
Prev CYCSOL file://D:\Documents%20and%20Settings\Administrator\Local%20Settings\Temp\~hh...
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C Commands CYL5 C Commands
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CYL5
Name
CYL5, XEDGE1, YEDGE1, XEDGE2, YEDGE2, DEPTH Creates a circular area or cylindrical volume by end points. group: PREP7:Primitives product: MP ME ST DY PR EM EH FL PP ED
XEDGE1, YEDGE1
Working plane X and Y coordinates of one end of the circle or cylinder face.
XEDGE2, YEDGE2
Working plane X and Y coordinates of the other end of the circle or cylinder face.
DEPTH
The perpendicular distance (either positive or negative based on the working plane Z direction) from the working plane representing the depth of the cylinder. If DEPTH = 0 (default), a circular area is created on the working plane.
Notes
Defines a circular area anywhere on the working plane or a cylindrical volume with one face anywhere on the working plane by specifying diameter end points. For a solid cylinder of 360, the top and bottom faces will be circular (each area defined with four lines) and they will be connected with two surface areas (each spanning 180). See the CYL4, PCIRC, and CYLIND commands for alternate ways to create circles and rectangles.
Menu Paths
Main Menu>Preprocessor>Create>Circle>By End Points Main Menu>Preprocessor>Create>Cylinder>By End Pts & Z Main Menu>Preprocessor>Trefftz Domain>Create>Cylinder>By End Pts & Z
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C Commands CYLIND C Commands
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CYLIND
Name
CYLIND, RAD1, RAD2, Z1, Z2, THETA1, THETA2 Creates a cylindrical volume centered about the working plane origin. group: PREP7:Primitives product: MP ME ST DY PR EM EH FL PP ED
RAD1, RAD2
Inner and outer radii (either order) of the cylinder. A value of zero or blank for either RAD1 or RAD2, or the same value for both RAD1 and RAD2, defines a solid cylinder.
Z1, Z2
Working plane Z coordinates of the cylinder. If either Z1 or Z2 is zero, one of the faces of the cylinder will be coplanar with the working plane.
THETA1, THETA2
Starting and ending angles (either order) of the cylinder. Used for creating a cylindrical sector. The sector begins at the algebraically smaller angle, extends in a positive angular direction, and ends at the larger angle. The starting angle defaults to 0.0 and the ending angle defaults to 360.0. See the ANSYS Modeling and Meshing Guide for an illustration.
Notes
Defines a cylindrical volume centered about the working plane origin. The top and bottom faces are parallel to the working plane but neither face need be coplanar with (i.e., "on") the working plane. The cylinder must have a spatial volume greater than zero. (i.e., this volume primitive command cannot be used to create a degenerate volume as a means of creating an area.) For a solid cylinder of 360, the top and bottom faces will be circular (each area defined with four lines), and they will be connected with two areas (each spanning 180.) See the CYL4 and CYL5 commands for alternate ways to create cylinders.
Menu Paths
Main Menu>Preprocessor>Create>Cylinder>By Dimensions Main Menu>Preprocessor>Trefftz Domain>Create>Cylinder>By Dimensions
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D Commands D Commands ANSYS Commands Reference
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D Commands
Table of Contents D DA DADELE DALIST DAMORPH DATA DATADEF DCGOMG DCUM DDELE DDSOPT DEACT DECOMP DEFINE *DEL DELETE /DELETE DELTIM DEMORPH DERIV DESIZE DESOL DETAB /DEVDISP /DEVICE DIG DIGIT *DIM DISPLAY /DIST DK DKDELE DKLIST DL DLDELE DLIST DLLIST DMOVE DMPRAT DNSOL *DO DOF DOFSEL
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D Commands DOMEGA DSCALE /DSCALE DSET DSUM DSURF DSYM DSYS DTRAN DUMP /DV3D DVMORPH DYNOPT
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D
Name
D, NODE, Lab, VALUE, VALUE2, NEND, NINC, Lab2, Lab3, Lab4, Lab5, Lab6 Defines DOF constraints at nodes. group: SOLUTION:FE Constraints product: MP ME ST DY PR EM FL PP ED
NODE
Node at which constraint is to be specified. If ALL, NEND and NINC are ignored and constraints are applied to all selected nodes [NSEL]. If NODE = P, graphical picking is enabled and all remaining command fields are ignored (valid only in the GUI). A component name may also be substituted for NODE.
Lab
Valid degree of freedom label. If ALL, use all appropriate labels. Structural labels: UX, UY, or UZ (displacements); ROTX, ROTY, or ROTZ (rotations); WARP (warping). Thermal labels: TEMP (temperature). FLOTRAN fluid labels: PRES (pressure); VX, VY, or VZ (velocities); ENKE or ENDS (turbulent kinetic energy or turbulent kinetic energy dissipation rate); SP01 through SP06 (multiple species mass fractions) or their user-defined names [ MSSPEC]; UX, UY, or UZ (Arbitrary Langrangian Eulerian formulation mesh displacements). Electric labels: VOLT (voltage). Magnetic labels: MAG (scalar magnetic potential); AX, AY, or AZ (vector magnetic potentials). file://D:\Documents%20and%20Settings\Administrator\Local%20Settings\Temp\~hh... 20.05.2004
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VALUE
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Degree of freedom value or table name reference for tabular boundary conditions. To specify a table, enclose the table name in percent signs (%) (e.g., D,NODE,TEMP,%tabname%). Use the *DIM command to define a table.
VALUE2
Second degree of freedom value (if any). If the analysis type and the degree of freedom allow a complex input, VALUE (above) is the real component and VALUE2 is the imaginary component.
NEND, NINC
Specifies the same values of constraint at the range of nodes from NODE to NEND (defaults to NODE), in steps of NINC (defaults to 1).
Lab2, Lab3, Lab4, Lab5,Lab6
Additional degree of freedom labels. The same values are applied to the nodes for these labels.
Notes
The available degrees of freedom per node are listed under "Degrees of Freedom" in the input table for each element type in the ANSYS Elements Reference. Degrees of freedom are defined in the nodal coordinate system. The positive directions of structural translations and rotations are along and about the positive nodal axes directions. Structural rotations should be input in radians. The node and the degree of freedom label must be selected [NSEL, DOFSEL]. For elements HF119 and HF120, used in high-frequency electromagnetic analysis, the AX DOF is not an x-component of a vector potential, but rather a tangential component of E (the electric field) on the element edges and faces. To specify an Electric Wall condition, set AX to zero. For more information, see High-Frequency Electromagnetic Analysis in the ANSYS Electromagnetic Field Analysis Guide. For element SOLID117 used in static and low frequency electromagnetic analysis, the AZ DOF is not a z-component of a vector potential, but rather the flux contribution on the element edge. To specify a flux-parallel condition, set AZ = 0. For more information, see Three-dimensional Magnetostatics and Fundamentals of Edge-based Analysis in the ANSYS Electromagnetic Field Analysis Guide. In an explicit dynamic analysis, the D command can only be used to fix nodes in the model. The degree of freedom value must be zero; no other values are valid. Use the EDLOAD command to apply a non zero displacement in an explicit dynamic analysis. Tabular boundary conditions ( VALUE = % tabname%) are available only for the following labels: Electric (VOLT), FLOTRAN (UX, UY, UZ, PRES, VX, VY, VZ, ENKE, ENDS, TEMP, SP01, SP02, SP03, SP04, SP05, and SP06); structural (UX, UY, UZ, ROTX, ROTY, ROTZ), and temperature degree of freedom (TEMP). All labels are valid only in static (ANTYPE,STATIC) and full transient (ANTYPE,TRANS) analyses. %_FIX% is an ANSYS reserved table name. When VALUE is set to %_FIX%, ANSYS will prescribe the DOF to the current displacement value. Alternatively, funtions UX(), UY(), etc. may be used file://D:\Documents%20and%20Settings\Administrator\Local%20Settings\Temp\~hh... 20.05.2004
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(see *GET for a complete list of available functions). However, note that these functions are not available when multiframe restart features are invoked. In most cases, %_FIX% usage is efficient and recommended for all structural degrees of freedom. This command is also valid in PREP7.
Menu Paths
Main Menu>Preprocessor>LS-DYNA Options>Constraints>Apply>On Nodes Main Menu>Preprocessor>Loads>Apply>Boundary>On Nodes Main Menu>Preprocessor>Loads>Apply>Displacement>On Nodes Main Menu>Preprocessor>Loads>Apply>Spectrum>On Nodes Main Menu>Preprocessor>Loads>Apply>Temperature>On Nodes Main Menu>Preprocessor>Loads>Delete>Spectrum>On Nodes Main Menu>Solution>Apply>Boundary>On Nodes Main Menu>Solution>Apply>Displacement>On Nodes Main Menu>Solution>Apply>Spectrum>On Nodes Main Menu>Solution>Apply>Temperature>On Nodes Main Menu>Solution>Delete>Spectrum>On Nodes Main Menu>Solution>Constraints>Apply>On Nodes
Prev D Commands Prev DA D Commands
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DA
Name
DA, AREA, Lab, Value1, Value2 Defines DOF constraints on areas. group: SOLUTION:Solid Constraints product: MP ME ST PR EM PP ED
AREA
Area on which constraints are to be specified. If ALL, apply to all selected areas [ASEL]. If AREA = P, graphical picking is enabled and all remaining command fields are ignored (valid only in the GUI). A component name may also be substituted for AREA.
Lab
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D Commands Symmetry label (see Note 2 below): SYMM --
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Generate symmetry constraints for non-FLOTRAN models. Requires no Value1 or Value2. ASYM -Generate antisymmetry constraints for non-FLOTRAN models. Requires no Value1 or Value2. ANSYS DOF labels (see Note 1, Note 2, and Note 3 below): UX -Displacement in X direction. UY -Displacement in Y direction. UZ -Displacement in Z direction. ROTX -Rotation about X axis. ROTY -Rotation about Y axis. ROTZ -Rotation about Z axis. TEMP -Temperature. MAG -Magnetic scalar potential. VOLT -Electric scalar potential. AX -Magnetic vector potential in X direction (see Note 4). AY -file://D:\Documents%20and%20Settings\Administrator\Local%20Settings\Temp\~hh... 20.05.2004
D Commands Magnetic vector potential in Y direction. AZ -Magnetic vector potential in Z direction (see Note 1). ALL -Applies all appropriate DOF labels.
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FLOTRAN Standard DOF Labels (see Note 7): VX, VY, VZ, PRES, TEMP, ENKE, ENDS FLOTRAN Species Labels (See Note 8): SP01, SP02, SP03, SP04, SP05, SP06 FLOTRAN Arbitrary Lagrangian Eulerian formulation Mesh Displacement Labels (See Note 9): UX, UY, UZ
Value1
Value of DOF or table name reference on the area. Valid for all DOF labels. To specify a table, enclose the table name in % signs (e.g., DA,AREA,TEMP,% tabname%). Use the *DIM command to define a table.
Value2
For FLOTRAN DOFs: 0 -Values are applied only to nodes within the area. 1 -Values are applied to the edges of the area as well as to the internal nodes. (See Note 7.) For MAG and VOLT DOFs: Value of the imaginary component of the degree of freedom.
Notes
1. For element SOLID117, if Lab = AZ and Value1 = 0, this sets the flux-parallel condition for the edge formulation. (A flux-normal condition is the natural boundary condition.) Do not use the DA command to set the edge-flux DOF, AZ to a non-zero value. 2. If Lab = MAG and Value1 = 0, this sets the flux-normal condition for the magnetic scalar potential formulations (MSP) (A flux-parallel condition is the natural boundary condition for MSP.) 3. If Lab = VOLT and Value1 = 0, the J-normal condition is set (current density (J) flow normal to the area). (A J-parallel condition is the natural boundary condition.) 4. For elements HF119 and HF120, used in high-frequency electromagnetic analysis, the AX
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DOF is not an x-component of a vector potential, but rather a tangential component of E (the electric field) on the element edges and faces. To specify an Electric Wall condition, set AX to zero. For more information, see High-Frequency Electromagnetic Analysis in the ANSYS Electromagnetic Field Analysis Guide. 5. You can transfer constraints from areas to nodes with the DTRAN or SBCTRAN commands. See the DK command for information about generating other constraints on areas for nonFLOTRAN models. 6. Symmetry and antisymmetry constraints are generated as described for the DSYM command. 7. For the velocity DOF (VX,VY,VZ), a zero value will override a non-zero value at the intersection of two areas. 8. You can use the MSSPEC command to change FLOTRAN species labels to user-defined labels. You must define these labels with the MSSPEC command before using them on the DA command. 9. Tabular boundary conditions ( VALUE = % tabname%) are available only for the following labels: Electric (VOLT), FLOTRAN (UX, UY, UZ, PRES, VX, VY, VZ, ENKE, ENDS, TEMP, SP01, SP02, SP03, SP04, SP05, and SP06); Structural (UX, UY, UZ, ROTX, ROTY, ROTZ), and temperature degree of freedom (TEMP). 10. Constraints specified by the DA command can conflict with other specified constraints. See Resolution of Conflicting Constraint Specifications in the ANSYS Basic Analysis Guide for details. 11. The DA command is also valid in PREP7.
Menu Paths
Main Menu>Preprocessor>LS-DYNA Options>Constraints>Apply>On Areas Main Menu>Preprocessor>Loads>Apply>Boundary>On Areas Main Menu>Preprocessor>Loads>Apply>Displacement>On Areas Main Menu>Preprocessor>Loads>Apply>Temperature>On Areas Main Menu>Solution>Apply>Boundary>On Areas Main Menu>Solution>Apply>Displacement>On Areas Main Menu>Solution>Apply>Temperature>On Areas Main Menu>Solution>Constraints>Apply>On Areas
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DADELE
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Name
DADELE, AREA, Lab Deletes DOF constraints on an area. group: SOLUTION:Solid Constraints product: MP ME ST PR EM PP ED
AREA
Area for which constraints are to be deleted. If ALL, delete for all selected areas [ASEL]. If AREA = P, graphical picking is enabled and all remaining command fields are ignored (valid only in the GUI). You can substitute a component name for AREA.
Lab
Valid constraint labels are: ALL -All constraints. SYMM -Symmetry constraints. ASYM -Antisymmetry constraints. UX -Displacement in X direction. UY -Displacement in Y direction. UZ -Displacement in Z direction. ROTX -Rotation about X axis. ROTY -Rotation about Y axis. ROTZ -file://D:\Documents%20and%20Settings\Administrator\Local%20Settings\Temp\~hh... 20.05.2004
D Commands Rotation about Z axis. VX -Velocity component in X direction. VY -Velocity component in Y direction. VZ -Velocity component in Z direction. PRES -Pressure. TEMP -Temperature. ENKE -Turbulent Kinetic Energy. ENDS -Energy Dissipation Rate. MAG -Magnetic scalar potential. VOLT -Electric scalar potential. SP01-SP06 -Multiple Species Mass Fraction. AX -Magnetic vector potential in X direction (see notes). AY -Magnetic vector potential in Y direction. AZ -Magnetic vector potential in Z direction (see notes). file://D:\Documents%20and%20Settings\Administrator\Local%20Settings\Temp\~hh...
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Notes
Deletes the degree of freedom constraints at an area (and all corresponding finite element constraints) previously specified with the DA command. See the DDELE command for delete details. If the multiple species labels have been changed to user-defined labels via the MSSPEC command, use the user-defined labels. For element SOLID117, AZ is the electromagnetic edge-flux DOF. See the DA command for details. For elements HF119 and HF120, used in high-frequency electromagnetic analysis, the AX DOF is not an x-component of a vector potential, but rather a tangential component of E (the electric field) on the element edges and faces. To specify an Electric Wall condition, set AX to zero. For more information, see High-Frequency Electromagnetic Analysis in the ANSYS Electromagnetic Field Analysis Guide. Warning: On previously meshed areas, all constraints on affected nodes will be deleted, whether or not they were specified by the DA command. This command is also valid in PREP7.
Menu Paths
Main Menu>Preprocessor>LS-DYNA Options>Constraints>Delete>On Areas Main Menu>Preprocessor>Loads>Delete>Boundary>On Areas Main Menu>Preprocessor>Loads>Delete>Displacement>On Areas Main Menu>Preprocessor>Loads>Delete>Pressure DOF>On Areas Main Menu>Preprocessor>Loads>Delete>Species>On Areas Main Menu>Preprocessor>Loads>Delete>Temperature>On Areas Main Menu>Preprocessor>Loads>Delete>Turbulence>On Areas Main Menu>Preprocessor>Loads>Delete>Velocity>On Areas Main Menu>Preprocessor>Loads>Delete>All Load Data>On All Areas Main Menu>Solution>Delete>Boundary>On Areas Main Menu>Solution>Delete>Displacement>On Areas Main Menu>Solution>Delete>Pressure DOF>On Areas Main Menu>Solution>Delete>Species>On Areas Main Menu>Solution>Delete>Temperature>On Areas Main Menu>Solution>Delete>Turbulence>On Areas Main Menu>Solution>Delete>Velocity>On Areas Main Menu>Solution>Delete>All Load Data>On All Areas Main Menu>Solution>Constraints>Delete>On Areas
Prev DA Prev DALIST D Commands
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DALIST
Name
DALIST , AREA Lists the DOF constraints on an area. group: SOLUTION:Solid Constraints product: MP ME ST PR EM PP ED
AREA
List constraints for this area. If ALL (default), list for all selected areas [ASEL]. If P1 = P, graphical picking is enabled and all remaining command fields are ignored (valid only in the GUI). A component name may also be substituted for AREA.
Notes
Lists the degree of freedom constraints on an area previously specified with the DA command. This command is valid in any processor.
Menu Paths
Utility Menu>List>Loads>DOF Constraints>On All Areas Utility Menu>List>Loads>DOF Constraints>On Picked Areas
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DAMORPH
Name
DAMORPH, AREA, XLINE, RMSHKY Move nodes in selected areas to conform to structural displacements. group: PREP7:Morphing
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AREA
Non-structural area to which mesh movement (morph) applies. If ALL, apply morphing to all selected areas [ASEL]. If AREA = P, graphical picking is enabled. A component may be substituted for AREA.
XLINE
Lines to be excluded from morphing. If ALL, exclude all selected lines [LSEL] from morphing. If XLINE = P, graphical picking is enabled. A component may be substituted for XLINE. If XLINE is blank (default), allow morphing of nodes attached to lines of the selected areas ( AREA) which are not shared by unselected areas. See Notes for clarification.
RMSHKY
Remesh flag option: 0 -Remesh the selected non-structural areas only if mesh morphing fails. 1 -Remesh the selected non-structural areas and bypass mesh morphing. 2 -Perform mesh morphing only and do not remesh.
Notes
The selected areas should include only non-structural regions adjacent to structural regions. DAMORPH will morph the non-structural areas to coincide with the deflections of the structural regions. Nodes in the structural regions move in accordance with computed displacements. Displacements from a structural analysis must be in the database prior to issuing DAMORPH . By default, nodes attached to lines can move along the lines, or off the lines (if a line is interior to the selected areas). You can use XLINE to restrain nodes on certain lines. By default (RMSHKEY=0), DAMORPH will remesh the selected non-structural areas entirely if a satisfactory morphed mesh cannot be provided. If boundary conditions and loads are applied directly to nodes and elements, the DAMORPH command requires that these be removed before remeshing can take place.
Menu Paths
D Commands Main Menu>Preprocessor>Modify Mesh>Areas
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Prev DALIST Prev DATA D Commands
Next DATA Next
DATA
Name
DATA, IR, LSTRT, LSTOP, LINC, Name, KCPLX Reads data records from a file into a variable. group: POST26:Set Up product: MP ME ST DY PR EM FL PP ED
IR
LSTRT
Start at location LSTRT (defaults to 1).

LSTOP
Stop at location LSTOP (defaults to LSTRT). Maximum location available is determined from data previously stored.
LINC
Fill every LINC location between LSTRT and LSTOP (defaults to 1).
Name
Eight character name for identifying the variable on the printout and displays. Embedded blanks are compressed upon output.
KCPLX
Complex number key: 0 --
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D Commands Data stored as the real part of the complex number. 1 -Data stored as the imaginary part of the complex number.
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Notes
This command must be followed by a format statement (on the next line) and the subsequent data records, and all must be on the same file (that may then be read with the /INPUT command). The format specifies the number of fields to be read per record, the field width, and the placement of the decimal point (if one is not included in the data value). The read operation follows the available FORTRAN FORMAT conventions of the system. See the system FORTRAN manual for details. Any standard FORTRAN real format (such as (4F6.0), (F2.0,2X,F12.0), etc.) may be used. Integer (I), character (A), and list-directed (*) descriptors may not be used. The parentheses must be included in the format. Up to 80 columns per record may be read. Locations may be filled within a range. Previous data in the range will be overwritten.
Menu Paths
Prev DAMORPH Prev DATADEF D Commands
Next DATADEF Next
DATADEF
Name
DATADEF Specifies "Directly defined data status" as the subsequent status topic. group: POST1:Status product: MP ME ST DY PR EM FL PP ED
Notes
Menu Paths
D Commands Utility Menu>List>Status>General Postproc>Modify Results
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Prev DATA Prev DCGOMG D Commands
Next DCGOMG Next
DCGOMG
Name
DCGOMG, DCGOX, DCGOY, DCGOZ Specifies the rotational acceleration of the global origin. group: SOLUTION:Inertia product: MP ME ST PR PP ED
DCGOX, DCGOY, DCGOZ
Rotational acceleration of the global origin about the acceleration system X, Y, and Z axes.
Notes
Specifies the rotational acceleration of the global origin about each of the acceleration coordinate system axes [CGLOC]. Rotational accelerations may be defined in analysis types ANTYPE,STATIC, HARMIC (full), TRANS (full), and SUBSTR. See the ANSYS, Inc. Theory Reference for details. Units are radians/time 2. Related commands are ACEL , CGLOC, CGOMGA , DOMEGA, and OMEGA. This command is also valid in PREP7.
Menu Paths
Main Menu>Preprocessor>Loads>Apply>Other>Coriolis Effects Main Menu>Preprocessor>Loads>Delete>Other>Coriolis Effects Main Menu>Solution>Apply>Other>Coriolis Effects Main Menu>Solution>Delete>Other>Coriolis Effects
Prev DATADEF Prev DCUM D Commands
Next DCUM Next
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DCUM
Name
DCUM, Oper, RFACT, IFACT, TBASE Specifies that DOF constraint values are to be accumulated. group: SOLUTION:FE Constraints product: MP ME ST PR EM FL PP ED
Oper
RFACT
Scale factor for the real component. Zero (or blank) defaults to 1.0. Use a small number for a zero scale factor.
IFACT
Scale factor for the imaginary component. Zero (or blank) defaults to 1.0. Use a small number for a zero scale factor.
TBASE
Base temperature for temperature difference. Used only with temperature degree of freedom. Scale factor is applied to the temperature difference (T- TBASE) and then added to TBASE. T is the current temperature.
Command Default
Notes
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Allows repeated degree of freedom constraint values (displacement, temperature, etc.) to be replaced, added, or ignored. Operations apply to the selected nodes [NSEL] and the selected degree of freedom labels [DOFSEL]. The operations occur when the next degree of freedom constraints are defined. For example, issuing the command D,1,UX,.025 after a previous D,1,UX,.020 causes the new value of the displacement on node 1 in the x-direction to be 0.045 with the add operation, 0.025 with the replace operation, or 0.020 with the ignore operation. Scale factors are also available to multiply the next value before the add or replace operation. A scale factor of 2.0 with the previous "add" example results in a displacement of 0.070. Scale factors are applied even if no previous values exist. Issue DCUM,STAT to show the current label, operation, and scale factors. Solid model boundary conditions are not affected by this command, but boundary conditions on the FE model are affected.
Note
FE boundary conditions may still be overwritten by existing solid model boundary conditions if a subsequent boundary condition transfer occurs. DCUM does not work for tabular boundary conditions. This command is also valid in PREP7.
Menu Paths
Main Menu>Preprocessor>Loads>Settings>Constraints Main Menu>Solution>Settings>Constraints
Prev DCGOMG Prev DDELE D Commands
Next DDELE Next
DDELE
Name
DDELE, NODE, Lab, NEND, NINC Deletes degree of freedom constraints. group: SOLUTION:FE Constraints product: MP ME ST DY PR EM FL PP ED
NODE
Node for which constraint is to be deleted. If ALL, NEND and NINC are ignored and constraints for all selected nodes [NSEL] are deleted. If NODE = P, graphical picking is enabled and all
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remaining command fields are ignored (valid only in the GUI). A component name may also be substituted for NODE.
Lab
Valid degree of freedom label. If ALL, use all selected labels [DOFSEL]. Structural labels: UX, UY, or UZ (displacements); ROTX, ROTY, or ROTZ (rotations); WARP (warping). Thermal label: TEMP (temperature). FLOTRAN fluid labels: PRES (pressure); VX, VY, or VZ (velocities); ENKE or ENDS (turbulent kinetic energy or turbulent energy dissipation); SP01 through SP06 (multiple species mass fractions) or their user-defined names. Electric label: VOLT (voltage). Magnetic labels: MAG (scalar magnetic potential); AX, AY, or AZ (vector magnetic potentials). High-frequency electromagnetic label: AX (Electric Wall or Magnetic Wall boundary condition).
NEND, NINC
Delete constraints from NODE to NEND (defaults to NODE) in steps of NINC (defaults to 1).
Notes
Deleting a constraint is not the same as setting it to zero (which "fixes" the degree of freedom to a zero value). Deleting a constraint has the same effect as deactivating, releasing, or setting the constraint "free." The node and the degree of freedom label must be selected [NSEL, DOFSEL]. For elements HF119 and HF120, used in high-frequency electromagnetic analysis, the AX DOF is not an x-component of a vector potential, but rather a tangential component of E (the electric field) on the element edges and faces. To specify an Electric Wall condition, set AX to zero. For more information, see High-Frequency Electromagnetic Analysis in the ANSYS Electromagnetic Field Analysis Guide. This command is also valid in PREP7.
Menu Paths
Main Menu>Preprocessor>LS-DYNA Options>Constraints>Delete>On Nodes Main Menu>Preprocessor>Loads>Delete>Boundary>On Nodes Main Menu>Preprocessor>Loads>Delete>Displacement>On Nodes Main Menu>Preprocessor>Loads>Delete>Pressure DOF>On Nodes Main Menu>Preprocessor>Loads>Delete>Species>On Nodes Main Menu>Preprocessor>Loads>Delete>Temperature>On Nodes Main Menu>Preprocessor>Loads>Delete>Turbulence>On Nodes Main Menu>Preprocessor>Loads>Delete>Velocity>On Nodes Main Menu>Preprocessor>Loads>Delete>All Load Data>On All Nodes Main Menu>Solution>Delete>Boundary>On Nodes Main Menu>Solution>Delete>Displacement>On Nodes Main Menu>Solution>Delete>Pressure DOF>On Nodes Main Menu>Solution>Delete>Species>On Nodes Main Menu>Solution>Delete>Temperature>On Nodes Main Menu>Solution>Delete>Turbulence>On Nodes
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D Commands Main Menu>Solution>Delete>Velocity>On Nodes Main Menu>Solution>Delete>All Load Data>On All Nodes Main Menu>Solution>Constraints>Delete>On Nodes
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Prev DCUM Prev DDSOPT D Commands
Next DDSOPT Next
DDSOPT
Name
DDSOPT, Configopt, Ndomains Initializes the Distributed Domain Solver (DDS) settings. group: SOLUTION:Analysis Options product: MP ME ST DY PR EM FL PP ED
Configopt
Selects the DDS mode. Local -Sends domains to the local system processors only. The number of processors is set by the /CONFIG,NPROC command or by the SETNPROC macro. File -Uses the config60.dds file to specify multiprocessor options Script -Uses the ansdds60 script ( ansdds.bat on Windows platforms) to specify multiprocessor commands and options.
Ndomains
AUTO -Automatically sets the number of domains (default).

N
-Sets the number of domains to distribute the model to N>1.
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Notes
DDSOPT lets you define processing information for running large models on multiple processors using Parallel Performance for ANSYS. The processors may be on different systems, but must be on the same type of platform (all SGI/IRIX systems, for example). Before issuing the DDSOPT command, you must specify the Distributed Domain Solver (EQSLV ,DDS). The DDS solver is part of Parallel Performance for ANSYS, which is a separately-licensed product. See Improving ANSYS Performance and Parallel Performance for ANSYS in the ANSYS Advanced Analysis Techniques Guide for more information. When working interactively, you must invoke the Unabridged Solution menu in order to access this functionality.
Menu Paths
Note
This menu path is only available if ANSYS is invoked with the -pp command line option.
Prev DDELE Prev DEACT D Commands
Next DEACT Next
DEACT
Name
DEACT Specifies "Element birth and death" as the subsequent status topic. group: SOLUTION:Status product: MP ME ST DY PR EM FL PP ED
Notes
This is a status [STAT] topic command. Status topic commands are generated by the GUI and will appear in the log file ( Jobname.LOG) if status is requested for some items under Utility Menu>List>Status. This command will be immediately followed by a STAT command, which will report the status for the specified topic. file://D:\Documents%20and%20Settings\Administrator\Local%20Settings\Temp\~hh... 20.05.2004
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If entered directly into the program, the STAT command should immediately follow this command.
Menu Paths
Utility Menu>List>Status>Solution>Elem Birth/Death
Prev DDSOPT Prev DECOMP D Commands
Next DECOMP Next
DECOMP
Name
DECOMP DDS, Ndomains Specifies method by which mesh will be decomposed into domains group: PREP7: Special Purpose product: MP ME ST DY PR EM FL PP ED
DDS
Sets the problem-to-domain decomposition method to DDS.

Ndomains
Sets the number of domains for model decomposition. AUTO -Automatically set the number of domains (default).
N
-Set the number of domains to distribute the model to N>1.
Command Default
DECOMP,DDS,AUTO
Notes
This command breaks (decomposes) the model into domains for viewing through the /PNUM and EPLOT commands. See Improving ANSYS Performance and Parallel Performance for ANSYS in the ANSYS Advanced Analysis Techniques Guide file://D:\Documents%20and%20Settings\Administrator\Local%20Settings\Temp\~hh... 20.05.2004
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If you specify DECOMP (no arguments), the command defaults to DECOMP,DDS,AUTO. In future releases, this command will include additional decomposition methods.
Menu Paths
Main Menu>Preprocessor>Loads>Domain Decomp
Prev DEACT Prev DEFINE D Commands
Next DEFINE Next
DEFINE
Name
DEFINE Specifies "Data definition settings" as the subsequent status topic. group: POST1:Status POST26:Status product: MP ME ST DY PR EM FL PP ED
Notes
Menu Paths
Utility Menu>List>Status>General Postproc>Read Options Utility Menu>List>Status>TimeHist Postproc>Variables
Prev DECOMP Prev *DEL D Commands
Next *DEL Next
*DEL
D Commands
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Name
*DEL, Val1, Val2 Deletes a parameter or parameters (GUI). group: APDL:Parameters product: MP ME ST DY PR EM FL PP ED
Val1
can be: ALL -Val1
Indicates that you want to delete all user-defined parameters, or both all user-defined and all system parameters, as indicated by the Val2 argument. (blank) -Indicates that you want to delete the parameter(s) indicated by Val2.
Val2
can be: LOC -Val2
When Val1 is (blank), use Val2 to specify the location of the parameter within the Array Parameters dialog box. The location number is based on an alphabetically ordered list of all parameters in the database. Not valid when Val1 is ALL. _PRM -When Val1 is ALL, specifying _PRM for Val2 deletes all parameters, including those named with an initial underbar (_) (except _STATUS and _RETURN). When Val1 is (blank), specifying _PRM for Val2 deletes only those parameters named with an initial underbar (_) (except _STATUS and _RETURN). PRM_ -When Val1 is (blank), specifying PRM_ for Val2 deletes only those parameters named with a trailing underbar (_). Not valid when Val1 is ALL. (blank) -When Val1 is ALL, specifying (blank) for Val2 causes all user-defined parameters to be deleted.
Notes
This is a command generally created by the Graphical User Interface (GUI). It will appear in the log
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file ( Jobname.LOG) if an array parameter is deleted from within the Array Parameters dialog box. To delete all user-defined parameters, issue the command *DEL,ALL. To delete only those userdefined parameters named with a trailing underbar, issue the command *DEL,,PRM_. To delete all user-defined and all system parameters (except for _STATUS and _RETURN), issue the command *DEL,ALL,_PRM. To delete a parameter by specifying its location within the Array Parameters dialog box, issue the command *DEL,,LOC. This command is valid in any processor.
Menu Paths
Main Menu>Preprocessor>Loads>Delete>Section Main Menu>Solution>Delete>Section
Prev DEFINE Prev DELETE D Commands
Next DELETE Next
DELETE
Name
DELETE, SET, Nstart, Nend Specifies sets in the results file to be deleted before postprocessing. group: AUX3:Binary Files product: MP ME ST DY PR EM FL PP ED
SET
Specifies the sets in the results file that are to be deleted.

Nstart
The first set in a results file to be deleted.

Nend
The final set in a results file to be deleted. This field is used only if deleting more than one sequential sets.
Notes
D Commands This command is valid only at the Begin Level.
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Menu Paths
Prev *DEL Prev /DELETE D Commands
Next /DELETE Next
/DELETE
Name
/DELETE, Fname, Ext, Dir Deletes a file. group: SESSION:Files product: MP ME ST DY PR EM FL PP ED
Fname
File name (32 characters maximum). The file name defaults to the current Jobname.
Ext

Dir
Menu Paths
Utility Menu>File>File Operations>Delete Utility Menu>PlotCtrls>Redirect Plots>To File Utility Menu>PlotCtrls>Redirect Plots>To GRPH File Utility Menu>PlotCtrls>Redirect Plots>To HPGL File Utility Menu>PlotCtrls>Redirect Plots>To HPGL2 File Utility Menu>PlotCtrls>Redirect Plots>To PSCR File
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Prev DELETE Prev DELTIM D Commands
Next DELTIM Next
DELTIM
Name
DELTIM, DTIME, DTMIN, DTMAX, Carry Specifies the time step sizes to be used for this load step. group: SOLUTION:Load Step Options product: MP ME ST PR EM PP ED
DTIME
Time step size for this step. If automatic time stepping is being used [AUTOTS ], DTIME is the starting time substep. If SOLCONTROL,ON and contact elements TARGE169, TARGE170, CONTA171, CONTA172, CONTA173, or CONTA174 are used, defaults to 1 or 1/20 the total time span of the load step, depending on the physics of the problem. If SOLCONTROL,ON and none of these contact elements are used, defaults to 1 time span of the load step. If SOLCONTROL,OFF, defaults to the previously specified value.
DTMIN
Minimum time step (if automatic time stepping is used). If SOLCONTROL,ON, default determined by ANSYS depending on the physics of the problem. If SOLCONTROL,OFF, defaults to the previously specified value (or DTIME, if there is no previously specified value).
DTMAX
Maximum time step (if automatic time stepping is used). If SOLCONTROL,ON, default determined by ANSYS depending on the physics of the problem. If SOLCONTROL,OFF, defaults to the previously specified value (or the time span of the load step, if there is no previously specified value).
Carry
Time step carry-over key: OFF -Use DTIME as time step at start of each load step. ON --
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Use final time step from previous load step as the starting time step (if automatic time stepping is used). If SOLCONTROL,ON, default determined by ANSYS depending on the physics of the problem. If SOLCONTROL,OFF, defaults to OFF.
Notes
See NSUBST for an alternative input. Use values for DTIME and TIME [TIME] that are consistent. For example, using 0.9 for DTIME and 1.0 for TIME will result in one time step because 1.0 ( TIME) is divisible by .9 (DTIME) at most once. If your intent is to load in 10 increments over a time span of 1.0, then use 0.1 for DTIME and 1.0 for TIME. It is recommended that all fields of this command be specified for solution efficiency and robustness. This command is also valid in PREP7.
Menu Paths
Main Menu>Solution>Sol'n Controls>basic
Prev /DELETE Prev DEMORPH D Commands
Next DEMORPH Next
DEMORPH
Name
DEMORPH, ELEM, DIMN, RMSHKY Move nodes in selected elements to conform to structural displacements. group: PREP7:Morphing product: MP PP ED
ELEM
Non-structural elements to which mesh movement (morph) applies. If ALL, apply morphing to all selected elements [ESEL]. If ELEM = P, graphical picking is enabled. A component may be substituted for ELEM.
DIMN
Problem dimensionality. Use "2" for a two-dimensional problem and "3" for a three-
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D Commands dimensional problem (no default).

RMSHKY
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Remesh flag option: 0 -Remesh the selected non-structural regions only if mesh morphing fails. 1 -Remesh the selected non-structural regions and bypass mesh morphing. 2 -Perform mesh morphing only and do not remesh.
Notes
The selected elements should include only non-structural regions adjacent to structural regions. The exterior nodes of the selected elements will usually be on the boundary of the region which will have node positions displaced. For DIMN = 2, elements must lie on a flat plane. The DEMORPH command requires a single domain grouping of elements be provided (multiple domains of elements are not permitted). Exterior nodes will be assumed fixed (no nodes will be morphed) unless they coincide with structural nodes having non-zero displacements. Nodes in the structural regions move in accordance with computed displacements. Displacements from a structural analysis must be in the database prior to issuing DEMORPH. By default (RMSHKY=0), DEMORPH will remesh the selected non-structural regions entirely if a satisfactory morphed mesh cannot be provided. If boundary conditions and loads are applied directly to nodes and elements, the DEMORPH command requires that these be removed before remeshing can take place.
Menu Paths
Main Menu>Preprocessor>Modify Mesh>Elements
Prev DELTIM Prev DERIV D Commands
Next DERIV Next
DERIV
Name
D Commands DERIV, IR, IY, IX, --, Name, --, --, FACTA Differentiates a variable. group: POST26:Operations product: MP ME ST DY PR EM FL PP ED
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IR
IY, IX
Reference numbers of variables to be operated on. IY is differentiated with respect to IX.

--
Unused field.
Name
--, --
Unused fields.
FACTA
Scaling factor (positive or negative) applied as shown below (defaults to 1.0).
Notes
Differentiates variables according to the operation:
IR
= FACTA x d(IY)/d( IX)
Menu Paths
Main Menu>TimeHist Postpro>Math Operations>Derivative
Prev DEMORPH Prev DESIZE D Commands
Next DESIZE Next
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DESIZE
Name
DESIZE, MINL, MINH, MXEL, ANGL, ANGH, EDGMN, EDGMX, ADJF, ADJM Controls default element sizes. group: PREP7:Meshing product: MP ME ST DY PR EM FL PP ED
MINL
Minimum number of elements that will be attached to a line when using lower-order elements (defaults to 3 elements per line). If MINL = DEFA, all arguments will be set back to default values. If MINL = STAT, list status of command (Including on/off status). If MINL = OFF, deactivate default element sizing. If MINL = ON, reactivate default element sizing.
MINH
Minimum number of elements that will be attached to a line when using higher-order elements (defaults to 2 elements per line).
MXEL
Maximum number of elements that will be attached to a single line (lower or higher-order elements) (defaults to 15 elements per line for h-elements and 6 divisions per line for pelements).
ANGL
Maximum spanned angle per lower-order element for curved lines (defaults to 15 degrees per element).
ANGH
Maximum spanned angle per higher-order element for curved lines (defaults to 28 degrees per element).
EDGMN
Minimum element edge length (defaults to no minimum edge length).

EDGMX
Maximum element edge length (defaults to no maximum edge length).
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ADJF
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Target aspect ratio for adjacent line. Used only when free meshing (defaults to 1.0, which attempts to create equal sided h-elements; defaults to 4 for p-elements).
ADJM
Target aspect ratio for adjacent line. Used only when map meshing (defaults to 4.0, which attempts to create rectangular h-elements; defaults to 6 for p-elements).
Command Default
Default settings as described for each argument are used.
Notes
DESIZE settings are usually used for mapped meshing. They are also used for free meshing if SmartSizing is turned off [SMRTSIZE,OFF], which is the default. Even when SmartSizing is on, some DESIZE settings (such as maximum and minimum element edge length) can affect free mesh density. The default settings of the DESIZE command are used only when no other element size specifications [KESIZE , LESIZE, ESIZE] exist for a certain line.
Menu Paths
Main Menu>Preprocessor>Size Cntrls>Other
Prev DERIV Prev DESOL D Commands
Next DESOL Next
DESOL
Name
DESOL, ELEM, NODE, Item, Comp, V1, V2, V3, V4, V5, V6 Defines or modifies solution results at a node of an element. group: POST1:Set Up product: MP ME ST DY PR EM PP ED
ELEM
Element number for which results are defined or modified. If ALL, apply to all selected
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D Commands elements [ESEL].

NODE
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Node of element (actual node number, not the position) to which results are specified. If ALL, specify results for all selected nodes [NSEL] of element. If NODE = P, graphical picking is enabled and all remaining command fields are ignored (valid only in the GUI). A component name may also be substituted for NODE.
Item
Label identifying results. Valid item labels are shown in DESOL - Valid Item and Component Labels below. Some items also require a component label ( Comp).
Comp
Component of the item (if required); see DESOL - Valid Item and Component Labels.
V1
Value (in the element coordinate system) assigned to the database item (and component, if any). If zero, a zero value will be assigned. If blank, value remains unchanged.
V2, V3, V4, V5, V6
Additional values (if any) assigned to the remaining components (in the order corresponding to the Comp list shown below) for the specified Item (starting from the specified Comp label and proceeding to the right).
Notes
Defines or modifies solution results in the database at a node of an area or volume element. For example, DESOL,35,50,S,X,1000,2000,1000 assigns values 1000, 2000, and 1000 to SX, SY, and SZ (respectively) of node 50 of element 35. The settings of the POST1 FORCE, SHELL, and LAYER commands, if applicable, further specify which database items are affected. All data is stored in the solution coordinate system but will be displayed in the results coordinate system [RSYS]. Use the PRESOL command to list the current results. Result items are available depending on element type; check the individual element for availability. Valid item and component labels for element results are: DESOL - Valid Item and Component Labels Item ELEM S EPEL EPTH EPPL EPCR EPSW Comp X, Y, Z, XY, YZ, XZ X, Y, Z, XY, YZ, XZ X, Y, Z, XY, YZ, XZ X, Y, Z, XY, YZ, XZ X, Y, Z, XY, YZ, XZ Description Element number. Component stress. Component elastic strain. Component thermal strain. Component plastic strain. Component creep strain. Swelling strain.
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D Commands NL SEPL " SRAT " HPRES " EPEQ " PSV " PLWK SEND ELASTIC " PLASTIC " CREEP TG X, Y, Z TF X, Y, Z PG X, Y, Z EF X, Y, Z D X, Y, Z H X, Y, Z B X, Y, Z FMAG X, Y, Z F X, Y, Z M X, Y, Z HEAT FLOW AMPS FLUX VF X,Y,Z CSG X,Y,Z Equivalent stress (from stress-strain curve). Stress state ratio. Hydrostatic pressure. Accumulated equivalent plastic strain. Plastic state variable. Plastic work/volume. Elastic strain energy density. Plastic strain energy density. Creep strain energy density. Component thermal gradient. Component thermal flux. Component pressure gradient. Component electric field. Component electric flux density. Component magnetic field intensity. Component magnetic flux density. Component magnetic force. X, Y, or Z structural force. X, Y, or Z structural moment. Heat flow. Fluid flow. Current flow. Magnetic flux. X, Y, or Z fluid force component. X, Y, or Z magnetic current segment component.
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Menu Paths
Main Menu>General Postproc>Elem Results
Prev DESIZE Prev DETAB D Commands
Next DETAB Next
DETAB
Name
DETAB, ELEM, Lab, V1, V2, V3, V4, V5, V6 Modifies element table results in the database. group: POST1:Set Up
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D Commands product: MP ME ST DY PR EM FL PP ED
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ELEM
Element for which results are to be modified. If ALL, modify all selected elements [ESEL] results. If ELEM = P, graphical picking is enabled and all remaining command fields are ignored (valid only in the GUI). A component name may also be substituted for ELEM.
Lab
Label identifying results. Valid labels are as defined with the ETABLE command. Issue ETABLE,STAT to display labels and values.
V1
Value assigned to this element table result in the database. If zero, a zero value will be assigned. If blank, value remains unchanged.
V2, V3, V4, V5, V6
Additional values (if any) assigned to consecutive element table columns.
Notes
Modifies element table [ETABLE] results in the database. For example, DETAB,35,ABC,1000,2000,1000 assigns 1000, 2000, and 1000 to the first three table columns starting with label ABC for element 35. Use the PRETAB command to list the current results. After deleting a column of data using ETABLE,Lab,ERASE, the remaining columns of data are not shifted to compress the empty slot. Therefore, the user must allocate null (blank) values for V1, V2...V6 for any ETABLE entries which have been deleted by issuing ETABLE,Lab,ERASE. All data are stored in the solution coordinate system but will be displayed in the results coordinate system [RSYS].
Menu Paths
Main Menu>General Postproc>ElemTabl Data
Prev DESOL Prev /DEVDISP D Commands
Next /DEVDISP Next
/DEVDISP
Name
D Commands /DEVDISP , Label, KEY Controls graphics device options. group: DISPLAY:Set Up product: MP ME ST DY PR EM FL PP ED
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Label
Device function label: BBOX -Disables display information sorting for PowerGraphics displays. When activated (KEY = 1 or ON), model rotations and replots are performed without recalculating edge and surface data. This will speed up the roatation (especially for 2-D displays) of large models, although the display information will not be resolved as quickly (you will see a bounding box instead of the model during dynamic rotations). The default is OFF ( KEY = 0). DITHER -Dithering. When turned on (default), dithering smooths transitions in color intensity. Applies only to Z-buffered displays. FONT -Font selection for the ANSYS graphics window. When Label = FONT, the command format is: /DEVDISP,FONT, KEY,Val1,Val2,Val3,VAL4,Val5,Val6, where KEY determines the type of font being controlled, and values 1 through 6 control various font parameters. Note that these values are device specific; using the same command input file [/INPUT] on different machines may yield different results.The following KEY values determine the font information that will be supplied to the appropriate driver (e.g. Postscript, X11, Win32, JPEG,...):
KEY
= 1 -The command controls the LEGEND (documentation column) font.
KEY
= 2 -The command controls the ENTITY (node and keypoint number) font.
KEY
= 3 -The command controls the ANNOTATION/GRAPH font.
UNIX: Values 1 through 4 are used to find a match in the X11 database of font strings. Values 1, 2, and 3 are character strings; value 4 is a non-zero integer: Val1 -Family name (e.g., Courier*New). Substitute an asterisk (*) for any blank
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Val2
-Weight (e.g., medium)
Val3
-Slant (e.g., r)
Val4
-Pixel size (e.g., 14). Note that this value does not affect the annotation fonts ( KEY = 3). Use the /TSPEC command to control the pixel size of your annotation fonts.
Val5
-unused
Val6
-unused
PC: The values are encoded in a PC logical font structure. Value 1 is a character string, and the remaining values are integers: Val1 -Family name (e.g., Courier*New) Substitute an asterisk (*) for any blank character that appears in a family name. If Val1 = MENU, all other values are ignored and a font selection menu appears (GUI must be active). A value containing all blank characters causes ANSYS to use the first available resource it finds.
Val2
-Weight (0 - 1000)
Val3
-Orientation (in tenths of a degree)
Val4
-Height (in logical units) Note that this value does not affect the annotation fonts (KEY =3). Use the /TSPEC command to control the height of your annotation fonts.
Val5
-Width (in logical units)
Val6
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D Commands Italics (0 = OFF, 1 = ON) TEXT --
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Text size specification for the ANSYS Graphics window. When Label = TEXT, the command format is: /DEVDISP ,TEXT, KEY,PERCENT, where KEY determines the type of text being controlled (1 for LEGEND, and 2 for ENTITY), and PERCENT specifies the new text size as a percent of the default text size. If PERCENT = 100, the new text size is precisely the default size. If PERCENT = 200, the new text size is twice the default text size.
KEY
Control key: OFF or 0 -Turns specified function off. ON or 1 -Turns specified function on.
Command Default
Dithering on.
Menu Paths
This command cannot be accessed from a menu. It is part of the DISPLAY program.
Prev DETAB Prev /DEVICE D Commands
Next /DEVICE Next
/DEVICE
Name
/DEVICE, Label, KEY Controls graphics device options. group: GRAPHICS:Set Up product: MP ME ST DY PR EM FL PP ED
Label
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Vector mode. In vector mode, areas, volumes, elements, and postprocessing display geometries are shown as outlines (wireframes). When vector mode is off (default), these entities are shown filled with color. DITHER -When dithering is turned on (default), color intensity transitions are smoothed. This selection a applies only to smooth-shaded images, i.e., Z-buffered [/TYPE], or raster plots with Gouraud or Phong shading [/SHADE ]. ANIM -Select the animation type used on 2-D devices on the PC platform. A KEY value of BMP (or 0) sets animation mode to ANSYS Animation Controller (default). A KEY value of AVI (or 2) sets animation mode to AVI movie player file. FONT -Font selection for the ANSYS graphics window. When Label = FONT, the command format is: /DEVICE,FONT, KEY,Val1,Val2,Val3,Val4,Val5,Val6 where KEY determines the type of font being controlled, and values 1 through 6 control various font parameters. Note that these values are device specific; using the same command input file [/INPUT ] on different machines may yield different results.. The following KEY values determine the font information that will be supplied to the appropriate driver (e.g. Postscript, X11, Win32, JPEG,...):
KEY
= 1 -The command controls the LEGEND (documentation column) font.
KEY
= 2 -The command controls the ENTITY (node and keypoint number) font.
KEY
= 3 -The command controls the ANNOTATION/GRAPH font.
UNIX: Values 1 through 4 are used to find a match in the X11 database of font strings. Values 1, 2, and 3 are character strings; value 4 is a non-zero integer: Val1 -Family name (e.g., Courier). If Val1 = MENU, all other values are ignored and a font selection menu appears a(GUI must be active).
Val2
-Weight (e.g., medium)
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Val3
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Val4
-Pixel size (e.g., 14). Note that this value does no affect the annotation fonts ( KEY = 3). Use the /TSPEC command for annotation font size.
Val5
-unused
Val6
-unused
PC: The values are encoded in a PC logical font structure. Value 1 is a character string, and the remaining values are integers: Val1 -Family name (e.g., Courier*New) Substitute an asterisk (*) for any blank character that appears in a family name. If Val1 = MENU, all other values are ignored and a font selection menu appears (GUI must be active). When this value is blank ANSYS uses the first available resource it finds.
Val2
-Weight (0 - 1000)
Val3
-Orientation (in tenths of a degree)
Val4
-Height (in logical units)
Val5
-Width (in logical units)
Val6
-Italics (0 = OFF, 1 = ON)
TEXT -Text size specification for the ANSYS Graphics window. Using this label with the /DEVICE command requires the following form: /DEVICE,TEXT, KEY,PERCENT. KEY = 1 for LEGEND fonts; KEY = 2 for ENTITY fonts. PERCENT specifies the new text size as a percent of the default text size. If PERCENT = 100, the new text size is precisely the default size. If PERCENT = 200, the new text size is twice the default text size. file://D:\Documents%20and%20Settings\Administrator\Local%20Settings\Temp\~hh... 20.05.2004
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KEY
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Control key: OFF or 0 -Turns specified function off. ON or 1 -Turns specified function on or designates the LEGEND font. 2 -Designates the ENTITY font. 3 -Designates the ANNOTATION/GRAPH font.
Command Default
Vector mode off (i.e., raster mode); dithering on.
Notes
Menu Paths
Utility Menu>PlotCtrls>Device Options Utility Menu>PlotCtrls>Font Controls>Entity Font Utility Menu>PlotCtrls>Font Controls>Legend Font Utility Menu>PlotCtrls>Redirect Plots>To PSCR File
Prev /DEVDISP Prev DIG D Commands
Next DIG Next
DIG
Name
DIG, NODE1, NODE2, NINC Digitizes nodes to a surface. group: PREP7:Digitizing
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NODE1, NODE2, NINC
Digitize nodes NODE1 through NODE2 in steps of NINC. NODE2 defaults to NODE1 and NINC defaults to 1.
Command Default
No surface digitizing.
Notes
Digitizes nodes to the surface defined by the DSURF command. The nodes indicated must be digitized from the tablet after this command is given. The program must be in the interactive mode and the graphics terminal show option [/SHOW] must be active. The global Cartesian coordinates of the nodes are stored.
Menu Paths
Main Menu>Preprocessor>Create>Nodes>Digitize Nodes>Digitize Nodes
Prev /DEVICE Prev DIGIT D Commands
Next DIGIT Next
DIGIT
Name
DIGIT Specifies "Node digitizing" as the subsequent status topic. group: PREP7:Status product: MP ME ST DY PR EM FL PP ED
Notes
This is a status [STAT] topic command. Status topic commands are generated by the GUI and will appear in the log file ( Jobname.LOG) if status is requested for some items under Utility Menu>List>Status. This command will be immediately followed by a STAT command, which will report the status for the specified topic. If entered directly into the program, the STAT command should immediately follow this command. file://D:\Documents%20and%20Settings\Administrator\Local%20Settings\Temp\~hh... 20.05.2004
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Menu Paths
Utilty Menu>List>Status>Preprocessor>Digitize Module
Prev DIG Prev *DIM D Commands
Next *DIM Next
*DIM
Name
*DIM, Par, Type, IMAX, JMAX, KMAX, Var1, Var2, Var3 Defines an array parameter and its dimensions. group: APDL:Parameters product: MP ME ST DY PR EM FL PP ED
Par
Name of parameter to be dimensioned. See *SET for name restrictions.

Type
Array type: ARRAY -Arrays are similar to standard FORTRAN arrays (indices are integers) (default). Index numbers for the rows, columns, and planes are sequential values beginning with one. CHAR -Array entries are character strings (up to 8 characters each). Index numbers for rows, columns, and planes are sequential values beginning with one. TABLE -Array indices are real (non-integer) numbers which must be defined when filling the table. Index numbers for the rows and columns are stored in the zero column and row "array elements" and are initially assigned a near-zero value. Index numbers must be in ascending order and are used only for retrieving an array element. When retrieving an array element with a real index that does not match a specified index, linear interpolation is done among the nearest indices and the corresponding array element values [*SET].
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Array entries are character strings (up to IMAX each). Index numbers for columns and planes are sequential values beginning with 1. Row index is character position in string.
IMAX
Extent of first dimension (row) (Limit 128 for strings). Defaults to 1.

JMAX
Extent of second dimension (column). Defaults to 1.

KMAX
Extent of third dimension (plane). Defaults to 1.

Var1
Variable name corresponding to the first dimension (row) for Type = TABLE. Defaults to Row.
Var2
Variable name corresponding to the second dimension (column) for Type = TABLE. Defaults to Column.
Var3
Variable name corresponding to the third dimension (plane) for Type = TABLE. Defaults to Plane.
Notes
Up to three dimensions (row, column, and plane) may be defined. An index number is associated with each row, column, and plane. For array and table type parameters, element values are initialized to zero. For character and string parameters, element values are initialized to (blank). A defined parameter must be deleted [*SET] before its dimensions can be changed. Scalar (single valued) parameters should not be dimensioned. *DIM,A,,3 defines a vector array with elements A(1), A(2), and A(3). *DIM,B,,2,3 defines a 2x3 array with elements B(1,1), B(2,1), B(1,2), B(2,2), B(1,3), and B(2,3). Use *STATUS,Par to display elements of array Par. You can write formatted data files (tabular formatting) from data held in arrays through the *VWRITE command. If you use table parameters to define boundary conditions, then Var1, Var2, and/or Var3 can either specify a primary variable (listed in *DIM - Primary Variables) or can be an independent parameter. If specifying an independent parameter, then you must define an additional table for the independent parameter. The additional table must have the same name as the independent parameter and may be a function of one or more primary variables or another independent parameter. All independent parameters must relate to a primary variable. *DIM - Primary Variables
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D Commands Primary Variable Label for Var1, Var2, Var3 Time TIME X-coordinate location X Y-coordinate location Y Z-coordinate location Z Temperature TEMP Velocity VELOCITY Pressure PRESSURE
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Note
The X, Y, and Z coordinate locations listed above represent global Cartesian coordinates. The VELOCITY label is applicable only to the calculated fluid velocity in element FLUID116. If you use table parameters to define boundary conditions, the table names ( Par) must not exceed 32 characters. This command is valid in any processor.
Menu Paths
Main Menu>Preprocessor>LS-DYNA Options>Inertia Options>Define Inertia Main Menu>Preprocessor>LS-DYNA Options>Loading Options>Smooth Data Main Menu>Preprocessor>Loads>Other>Change Mat Props>Mooney-Rivlin>Calculate Const Main Menu>Preprocessor>Loads>Settings>Smooth Data Main Menu>Preprocessor>Loads>Time/Frequenc>Time - Time Step Main Menu>Preprocessor>Loads>Time/Frequenc>Time and Substps Main Menu>Preprocessor>Material Props>Mooney-Rivlin>Calculate Const Main Menu>Solution>Other>Change Mat Props>Mooney-Rivlin>Calculate Const Main Menu>Solution>Settings>Smooth Data Main Menu>Solution>Time/Frequenc>Time - Time Step Main Menu>Solution>Time/Frequenc>Time and Substps Main Menu>Solution>Loading Options>Smooth Data Main Menu>TimeHist Postpro>Smooth Data Utility Menu>Parameters>Array Parameters>Define/Edit
Prev DIGIT Prev DISPLAY D Commands
Next DISPLAY Next
DISPLAY
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Name
DISPLAY Specifies "Display settings" as the subsequent status topic. group: POST1:Status product: MP ME ST DY PR EM FL PP ED
Notes
Menu Paths
Utility Menu>List>Status>General Postproc>Plot Results
Prev *DIM Prev /DIST D Commands
Next /DIST Next
/DIST
Name
/DIST, WN, DVAL, KFACT Specifies the viewing distance for magnifications and perspective. group: GRAPHICS:Views product: MP ME ST DY PR EM FL PP ED
WN

DVAL
Distance along the view line from the observer to the focus point (defaults to value producing full-window display). Warning, distances "too close" to the object will produce excessive magnifications. If DVAL = AUTO, zero, or blank, the program will calculate the distance file://D:\Documents%20and%20Settings\Administrator\Local%20Settings\Temp\~hh... 20.05.2004
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automatically. If DVAL = USER, the distance of last display will be used (useful when last display automatically calculated distance).
KFACT DVAL
interpretation key:
0 -Interpret numerical DVAL values as described above. 1 -Interpret DVAL as a multiplier on the current distance ( DVAL of 2 gives twice the current distance; 0.5 gives half the current distance, etc.).
Command Default
Distance is automatically calculated to produce full window magnification.
Notes
The scale factor is relative to the window shape. For example, for objects centered in a square window and with parallel projection (no perspective), a distance of /2 (+10%) produces a full window magnification, where is the largest in-plane vertical or horizontal dimension. See also /AUTO and /USER commands. This command is valid in any processor.
Menu Paths
Utility Menu>PlotCtrls>Pan, Zoom, Rotate Utility Menu>PlotCtrls>View Settings>Magnification
Prev DISPLAY Prev DK D Commands
Next DK Next
DK
Name
DK, KPOI, Lab, VALUE, VALUE2, KEXPND, Lab2, Lab3, Lab4, Lab5, Lab6 Defines DOF constraints at keypoints. group: SOLUTION:Solid Constraints
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KPOI
Keypoint at which constraint is to be specified. If ALL, apply to all selected keypoints [KSEL]. If KPOI = P, graphical picking is enabled and all remaining command fields are ignored (valid only in the GUI). A component name may also be substituted for KPOI.
Lab
Valid degree of freedom label. If ALL, use all appropriate labels. Structural labels: UX, UY, or UZ (displacements); ROTX, ROTY, or ROTZ (rotations); WARP (warping). Thermal labels: TEMP (temperature). Electric labels: VOLT (voltage). Magnetic labels: MAG (scalar magnetic potential); AX, AY, or AZ (vector magnetic potentials).
VALUE
Degree of freedom value or table name reference for tabular boundary conditions. To specify a table, enclose the table name in percent signs (%) (e.g., DK,NODE,TEMP,% tabname%). Use the *DIM command to define a table.
VALUE2
Second degree of freedom value (if any). If the analysis type and the degree of freedom allow a complex input, VALUE (above) is the real component and VALUE2 is the imaginary component.
KEXPND
Expansion key: 0 -Constraint applies only to the node at this keypoint. 1 -Flags this keypoint for constraint expansion.
Additional degree of freedom labels. The same values are applied to the keypoints for these labels.
Notes
A keypoint may be flagged using KEXPND to allow its constraints to be expanded to nodes on the attached solid model entities having similarly flagged keypoint constraints. Constraints are transferred from keypoints to nodes with the DTRAN or SBCTRAN commands. The expansion uses interpolation to apply constraints to the nodes on the lines between flagged keypoints. If all keypoints of an area or volume region are flagged and the constraints (label and values) are equal,
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the constraints are applied to the interior nodes of the region. See the D command for a description of nodal constraints. Tabular boundary conditions ( VALUE = % tabname%) are available only for the following labels: Electric (VOLT), structural (UX, UY, UZ, ROTX, ROTY, ROTZ), and temperature degree of freedom (TEMP). Constraints specified by the DK command can conflict with other specified constraints. See Resolution of Conflicting Constraint Specifications in the ANSYS Basic Analysis Guide for details. This command is also valid in PREP7.
Menu Paths
Main Menu>Preprocessor>LS-DYNA Options>Constraints>Apply>On Keypoints Main Menu>Preprocessor>Loads>Apply>Boundary>On Keypoints Main Menu>Preprocessor>Loads>Apply>Displacement>On Keypoints Main Menu>Preprocessor>Loads>Apply>Spectrum>On Keypoints Main Menu>Preprocessor>Loads>Apply>Temperature>On Keypoints Main Menu>Preprocessor>Loads>Delete>Spectrum>On Keypoints Main Menu>Solution>Apply>Boundary>On Keypoints Main Menu>Solution>Apply>Displacement>On Keypoints Main Menu>Solution>Apply>Spectrum>On Keypoints Main Menu>Solution>Apply>Temperature>On Keypoints Main Menu>Solution>Delete>Spectrum>On Keypoints Main Menu>Solution>Constraints>Apply>On Keypoints
Prev /DIST Prev DKDELE D Commands
Next DKDELE Next
DKDELE
Name
DKDELE , KPOI, Lab Deletes DOF constraints at a keypoint. group: SOLUTION:Solid Constraints product: MP ME ST PR EM PP ED
KPOI
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Keypoint for which constraint is to be deleted. If ALL, delete for all selected keypoints [KSEL]. If KPOI = P, graphical picking is enabled and all remaining command fields are ignored (valid only in the GUI). A component name may also be substituted for KPOI.
Lab
Valid degree of freedom label. If ALL, use all appropriate labels. Structural labels: UX, UY, or UZ (displacements); ROTX, ROTY, or ROTZ (rotations); WARP (warping). Thermal label: TEMP (temperature). FLOTRAN fluid labels: PRES (pressure); VX, VY, or VZ (velocities); ENKE or ENDS (turbulent kinetic energy or turbulent energy dissipation); SP01 through SP06 (multiple species mass fractions) or their user-defined names. Electric label: VOLT (voltage). Magnetic labels: MAG (scalar magnetic potential); AX, AY, or AZ (vector magnetic potentials). High-frequency electromagnetic label: AX (Electric Wall or Magnetic Wall boundary condition).
Notes
Deletes the degree of freedom constraints (and all corresponding finite element constraints) at a keypoint. See the DDELE command for details. This command is also valid in PREP7.
Menu Paths
Main Menu>Preprocessor>LS-DYNA Options>Constraints>Delete>On Keypoints Main Menu>Preprocessor>Loads>Delete>Boundary>On Keypoints Main Menu>Preprocessor>Loads>Delete>Displacement>On Keypoints Main Menu>Preprocessor>Loads>Delete>Pressure DOF>On Keypoints Main Menu>Preprocessor>Loads>Delete>Temperature>On Keypoints Main Menu>Preprocessor>Loads>Delete>Velocity>On Keypoints Main Menu>Preprocessor>Loads>Delete>All Load Data>On All KPs Main Menu>Solution>Delete>Boundary>On Keypoints Main Menu>Solution>Delete>Displacement>On Keypoints Main Menu>Solution>Delete>Pressure DOF>On Keypoints Main Menu>Solution>Delete>Temperature>On Keypoints Main Menu>Solution>Delete>Velocity>On Keypoints Main Menu>Solution>Delete>All Load Data>On All KPs Main Menu>Solution>Constraints>Delete>On Keypoints
Prev DK Prev DKLIST D Commands
Next DKLIST Next
DKLIST
D Commands
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Name
DKLIST, KPOI Lists the DOF constraints at keypoints. group: SOLUTION:Solid Constraints product: MP ME ST PR EM PP ED
KPOI
List constraints for this keypoint. If ALL (default), list for all selected keypoints [KSEL]. If KPOI = P, graphical picking is enabled and all remaining command fields are ignored (valid only in the GUI). A component name may also be substituted for KPOI.
Notes
Listing applies to the selected keypoints [KSEL] and the selected degree of freedom labels [DOFSEL]. This command is valid in any processor.
Menu Paths
Utility Menu>List>Loads>DOF Constraints>On All Keypoints Utility Menu>List>Loads>DOF Constraints>On Picked KPs
Prev DKDELE Prev DL D Commands
Next DL Next
DL
Name
DL, LINE, AREA, Lab, Value1, Value2 Defines DOF constraints on lines. group: SOLUTION:Solid Constraints product: MP ME ST PR EM PP ED
LINE
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Line at which constraints are to be specified. If ALL, apply to all selected lines [LSEL]. If LINE = P, graphical picking is enabled and all remaining command fields are ignored (valid only in the GUI). A component name may also be substituted for LINE
AREA
Area containing line. The normal to the symmetry or antisymmetry surface is assumed to lie on this area. Defaults to the lowest numbered selected area containing the line number.
Lab
Symmetry label (see Note 2): SYMM -Generate symmetry constraints for non-FLOTRAN models. ASYM -Generate antisymmetry constraints for non-FLOTRAN models. ANSYS DOF labels (see Note 3, Note 4, and Note 5): UX -Displacement in X direction. UY -Displacement in Y direction. UZ -Displacement in Z direction. ROTX -Rotation about X axis. ROTY -Rotation about Y axis. ROTZ -Rotation about Z axis. WARP -Warping magnitude. TEMP -Temperature
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D Commands VOLT -Electric scalar potential. AX -Magnetic vector potential in X direction. AY -Magnetic vector potential in Y direction. AZ -Magnetic vector potential in Z direction. ALL -Applies all appropriate DOF labels.
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FLOTRAN standard DOF labels (see Note 3): VX, VY, VZ, PRES, TEMP, ENKE, ENDS FLOTRAN Species Labels (see Note 4): SP01, SP02, SP03, SP04, SP05, SP06 FLOTRAN Arbitrary Lagrangian Eulerian formulation Mesh Displacement Labels (see Note 6): UX, UY, UZ
Value1
Value of DOF (real part) or table name reference on the line. Valid for all DOF labels. To specify a table, enclose the table name in % signs (e.g., DL,LINE,AREA,TEMP,% tabname%). Use the *DIM command to define a table.
Value2
For FLOTRAN DOFs: 0 -Values are applied only to nodes within the line. 1 -Values are applied to the endpoints of the line as well as to the internal nodes (see Note 3). For VOLT DOFs: Actual value of the imaginary component of the degree of freedom.
Notes
1. You can transfer constraints from lines to nodes with the DTRAN or SBCTRAN commands.
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D Commands See the DK command for information about generating other constraints at lines.
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2. Symmetry and antisymmetry constraints are generated as described on the DSYM command. 3. For the velocity DOF (VX,VY,VZ), a zero value will override a non-zero value at the intersection of two lines. 4. You can use the MSSPEC command to change FLOTRAN species labels to user-defined labels. You must define these labels with the MSSPEC command before using them on the DL command. 5. Setting Lab = VOLT and Value1 = 0 applies the J-normal boundary condition (current density vector (J) flows normal to the line). No input is required for the J-parallel condition because it is the natural boundary condition. 6. Tabular boundary conditions ( VALUE = % tabname%) are available only for the following labels: Electric (VOLT), FLOTRAN (UX, UY, UZ, PRES, VX, VY, VZ, ENKE, ENDS, TEMP, SP01, SP02, SP03, SP04, SP05, and SP06); Structural (UX, UY, UZ, ROTX, ROTY, ROTZ), and temperature degree of freedom (TEMP). 7. Constraints specified by the DL command can conflict with other specified constraints. See Resolution of Conflicting Constraint Specifications in the ANSYS Basic Analysis Guide for details. 8. This command is also valid in PREP7.
Menu Paths
Main Menu>Preprocessor>LS-DYNA Options>Constraints>Apply>On Lines Main Menu>Preprocessor>LS-DYNA Options>Constraints>Apply>...with Area Main Menu>Preprocessor>LS-DYNA Options>Constraints>Apply>On Lines Main Menu>Preprocessor>Loads>Apply>Boundary>On Lines Main Menu>Preprocessor>Loads>Apply>Displacement>On Lines Main Menu>Preprocessor>Loads>Apply>Displacement>...with Area Main Menu>Preprocessor>Loads>Apply>Displacement>On Lines Main Menu>Preprocessor>Loads>Apply>Temperature>On Lines Main Menu>Solution>Apply>Boundary>On Lines Main Menu>Solution>Apply>Displacement>On Lines Main Menu>Solution>Apply>Displacement>...with Area Main Menu>Solution>Apply>Displacement>On Lines Main Menu>Solution>Apply>Temperature>On Lines Main Menu>Solution>Constraints>Apply>On Lines Main Menu>Solution>Constraints>Apply>...with Area Main Menu>Solution>Constraints>Apply>On Lines
Prev DKLIST DLDELE
Next DLDELE
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DLDELE
Name
DLDELE, LINE, Lab Deletes DOF constraints on a line. group: SOLUTION:Solid Constraints product: MP ME ST PR EM PP ED
LINE
Line for which constraints are to be deleted. If ALL, delete for all selected lines [LSEL]. If LINE = P, graphical picking is enabled and all remaining command fields are ignored (valid only in the GUI). A component name may also be substituted for LINE
Lab
Constraint label: ALL -All constraints. SYMM -Symmetry constraints. ASYM -Antisymmetry constraints. UX -Displacement in X direction. UY -Displacement in Y direction. UZ -Displacement in Z direction. ROTX -Rotation about X axis. file://D:\Documents%20and%20Settings\Administrator\Local%20Settings\Temp\~hh... 20.05.2004
D Commands ROTY -Rotation about Y axis. ROTZ -Rotation about Z axis. WARP -Warping magnitude. VX -Velocity component in X direction. VY -Velocity component in Y direction. VZ -Velocity component in Z direction. PRES -Pressure. TEMP -Temperature. ENKE -Turbulent Kinetic Energy. ENDS -Energy Dissipation Rate. VOLT -Electric scalar potential. SP01-SP06 -Multiple Species Mass Fraction. AX -Magnetic vector potential in X direction. AY -file://D:\Documents%20and%20Settings\Administrator\Local%20Settings\Temp\~hh...
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D Commands Magnetic vector potential in Y direction. AZ -Magnetic vector potential in Z direction.
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Notes
Deletes the degree of freedom constraints (and all corresponding finite element constraints) on a line previously specified with the DL command. See the DDELE command for delete details. Warning: On previously meshed lines, all constraints on affected nodes will also be deleted, whether or not they were specified by the DL command. If the multiple species labels have been changed to user-defined labels via the MSSPEC command, use the user-defined labels. This command is also valid in PREP7.
Menu Paths
Main Menu>Preprocessor>LS-DYNA Options>Constraints>Delete>On Lines Main Menu>Preprocessor>Loads>Delete>Boundary>On Lines Main Menu>Preprocessor>Loads>Delete>Displacement>On Lines Main Menu>Preprocessor>Loads>Delete>Pressure DOF>On Lines Main Menu>Preprocessor>Loads>Delete>Species>On Lines Main Menu>Preprocessor>Loads>Delete>Temperature>On Lines Main Menu>Preprocessor>Loads>Delete>Turbulence>On Lines Main Menu>Preprocessor>Loads>Delete>Velocity>On Lines Main Menu>Preprocessor>Loads>Delete>All Load Data>On All Lines Main Menu>Solution>Delete>Boundary>On Lines Main Menu>Solution>Delete>Displacement>On Lines Main Menu>Solution>Delete>Pressure DOF>On Lines Main Menu>Solution>Delete>Species>On Lines Main Menu>Solution>Delete>Temperature>On Lines Main Menu>Solution>Delete>Turbulence>On Lines Main Menu>Solution>Delete>Velocity>On Lines Main Menu>Solution>Delete>All Load Data>On All Lines Main Menu>Solution>Constraints>Delete>On Lines
Prev DL Prev DLIST D Commands
Next DLIST Next
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DLIST
Name
DLIST, NODE1, NODE2, NINC Lists DOF constraints. group: SOLUTION:FE Constraints product: MP ME ST PR EM FL PP ED
NODE1, NODE2, NINC
List constraints for nodes NODE1 to NODE2 (defaults to NODE1) in steps of NINC (defaults to 1). If ALL (default), NODE2 and NINC are ignored and constraints for all selected nodes [NSEL] are listed. If NODE1 = P, graphical picking is enabled and all remaining command fields are ignored (valid only in the GUI). A component name may also be substituted for NODE1( NODE2 and NINC are ignored).
Notes
Listing applies to the selected nodes [NSEL] and the selected degree of freedom labels [DOFSEL]. This command is valid in any processor.
Menu Paths
Utility Menu>List>Loads>DOF Constraints>On All Nodes Utility Menu>List>Loads>DOF Constraints>On Picked Nodes
Prev DLDELE Prev DLLIST D Commands
Next DLLIST Next
DLLIST
Name
DLLIST, LINE Lists DOF constraints on a line. group: SOLUTION:Solid Constraints product: MP ME ST DY PR EM PP ED
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LINE
List constraints for this line. If ALL (default), list for all selected lines [LSEL]. If LINE = P, graphical picking is enabled and all remaining command fields are ignored (valid only in the GUI). A component name may also be substituted for LINE.
Notes
Lists the degree of freedom constraints on a line previously specified with the DL command. This command is valid in any processor.
Menu Paths
Utility Menu>List>Loads>DOF Constraints>On All Lines Utility Menu>List>Loads>DOF Constraints>On Picked Lines
Prev DLIST Prev DMOVE D Commands
Next DMOVE Next
DMOVE
Name
DMOVE, NODE1, NODE2, NINC Digitizes nodes on surfaces and along intersections. group: PREP7:Digitizing product: MP ME ST DY PR EM FL PP ED
NODE1, NODE2, NINC
Digitize nodes NODE1through NODE2 in steps of NINC. NODE2 defaults to NODE1 and NINC defaults to 1.
Notes
Digitizes nodes on undefined surfaces, warped surfaces, and along intersection lines. Two orthogonal views showing the nodes on a plane in each view are required. No surfaces need be specified. Two coordinates are determined from the second view and the other coordinate is retained from the first file://D:\Documents%20and%20Settings\Administrator\Local%20Settings\Temp\~hh... 20.05.2004
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view. Use the DIG command to first define nodes in one view (as determined from the DSET command). Then reset the view and use this command to move the nodes to the proper location.
Menu Paths
Main Menu>Preprocessor>Create>Nodes>Digitize Nodes>2-View Digitize
Prev DLLIST Prev DMPRAT D Commands
Next DMPRAT Next
DMPRAT
Name
DMPRAT, RATIO Sets a constant damping ratio. group: SOLUTION:Dynamic Options product: MP ME ST DY PR PP ED
RATIO
Damping ratio (for example, 2% is input as 0.02).
Command Default
Use damping as defined in the ANSYS Structural Analysis Guide.
Notes
Sets a constant damping ratio for use in the harmonic response (ANTYPE,HARMIC) analysis, the mode superposition transient (ANTYPE,TRANS) analysis, and the spectrum (ANTYPE,SPECTR) analysis. This command is also valid in PREP7.
Menu Paths
Main Menu>Preprocessor>Loads>Time/Frequenc>Damping Main Menu>Solution>Time/Frequenc>Damping
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D Commands Prev DMOVE Prev DNSOL D Commands
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DNSOL
Name
DNSOL, NODE, Item, Comp, V1, V2, V3, V4, V5, V6 Defines or modifies solution results at a node. group: POST1:Set Up product: MP ME ST DY PR EM FL PP ED
NODE
Node for which results are specified. If ALL, apply to all selected nodes [NSEL]. If NODE = P, graphical picking is enabled and all remaining command fields are ignored (valid only in the GUI). A component name may also be substituted for NODE.
Item
Label identifying results, see DNSOL - Valid Item and Component Labels. Items also require a component label.
Comp
Component of the item. Valid component labels are shown DNSOL - Valid Item and Component Labels below.
V1, V2, V3, V4, V5, V6
Value assigned to result. If zero, a zero value will be assigned. If blank, the value remains unchanged. Additional values (if any) assigned to the remaining components (in the order corresponding to the Comp list shown below for the specified Item (starting from the specified Comp label and proceeding to the right).
Notes
DNSOL can be used only with FULL graphics activated (/GRAPHICS,FULL); it will not work correctly with PowerGraphics activated. DNSOL defines or modifies solution results in the database at a node. For example, DNSOL,35,U,X,.001,.002,.001 assigns values 0.001, 0.002, and 0.001 to UX, UY, and UZ (respectively) for node 35. All results that are changed in the database, including the nodal degree of freedom results, are available for all subsequent operations. All data is stored in the solution file://D:\Documents%20and%20Settings\Administrator\Local%20Settings\Temp\~hh... 20.05.2004
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coordinate system, but will be displayed in the results coordinate system [RSYS]. Use the PRNSOL command to list the current results. Data input by DNSOL is stored in temporary space and does not replace information in the database. Therefore, data input by this command may be overwritten if a change is made to the selected set of nodes. Issuing the DNSOL command or its GUI equivalent requires you to place the data type (stress/strain) in the element nodal records. To get around this requirement, use the DESOL command or equivalent path to add a "dummy" element stress/strain record. Result items are available depending on element type; check the individual element for availability. Valid item and component labels for element results are: DNSOL - Valid Item and Component Labels Valid Item and Component Labels for Nodal DOF Results Item Comp Description U X, Y, Z X, Y, or Z structural displacement. ROT X, Y, Z X, Y, or Z structural rotation. TEMP Temperature. PRES Pressure. VOLT Electric potential. MAG Magnetic scalar potential. V X, Y, Z X, Y, or Z fluid velocity. A X, Y, Z X, Y, or Z magnetic vector potential. ENKE Turbulent kinetic energy. ENDS Turbulent energy dissipation. Valid Item and Component Labels for Area and Volume Element Results Item Comp Description S X, Y, Z, XY, YZ, XZ Component stress. " 1, 2, 3 Principal stress. " INT Stress intensity. " EQV Equivalent stress. EPEL X, Y, Z, XY, YZ, XZ Component elastic strain. " 1, 2, 3 Principal elastic strain. " INT Elastic strain intensity. " EQV Elastic equivalent strain. EPTH X, Y, Z, XY, YZ, XZ Component thermal strain. " 1, 2, 3 Principal thermal strain. " INT Thermal strain intensity. " EQV Thermal equivalent strain. EPPL X, Y, Z, XY, YZ, XZ Component plastic strain. " 1, 2, 3 Principal plastic strain. " INT Plastic strain intensity. " EQV Plastic equivalent strain.
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D Commands EPCR X, Y, Z, XY, YZ, XZ " 1, 2, 3 " INT " EQV EPSW NL SEPL " SRAT " HPRES " EPEQ " PSV " PLWK SEND ELASTIC " PLASTIC " CREEP TG X, Y, Z, SUM TF X, Y, Z, SUM PG X, Y, Z, SUM EF X, Y, Z, SUM D X, Y, Z, SUM H X, Y, Z, SUM B X, Y, Z, SUM FMAG X, Y, Z, SUM Component creep strain. Principal creep strain. Creep strain intensity. Creep equivalent strain. Swelling strain. Equivalent stress (from stress-strain curve). Stress state ratio. Hydrostatic pressure. Accumulated equivalent plastic strain. Plastic state variable. Plastic work/volume. Elastic strain energy density. Plastic strain energy density. Creep strain energy density. Component thermal gradient or vector sum. Component thermal flux or vector sum. Component pressure gradient or vector sum. Component electric field or vector sum. Component electric flux density or vector sum. Component magnetic field intensity or vector sum. Component magnetic flux density or vector sum. Component magnetic force or vector sum.
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Valid Item Labels for FLOTRAN Nodal Results Item Description TTOT Total temperature. HFLU Heat flux. HFLM Heat transfer (film) coefficient. COND Fluid laminar conductivity. PCOE Pressure coefficient. PTOT Total (stagnation) pressure. MACH Mach number. STRM Stream function. (2-D applications only.) DENS Fluid density. VISC Fluid laminar viscosity. EVIS Fluid effective viscosity. CMUV Turbulent viscosity coefficient. ECON Fluid effective conductivity. YPLU Y+, a turbulent law of the wall parameter. TAUW Shear stress at the wall.
Menu Paths
Main Menu>General Postproc>Nodal Results
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Prev DMPRAT Prev *DO D Commands
Next *DO Next
*DO
Name
*DO, Par, IVAL, FVAL, INC Defines the beginning of a do-loop. group: APDL:Process Controls product: MP ME ST DY PR EM FL PP ED
Par
The name of the scalar parameter to be used as the loop index. See *SET for name restrictions. Any existing parameter of the same name will be redefined. There is no character parameter substitution for the Par field.
IVAL, FVAL, INC
Initially assign IVAL to Par. Increment IVAL by INC for each successive loop. If IVAL exceeds FVAL and INC is positive, the loop is not executed. INC defaults to 1. Negative increments and non-integer numbers are allowed.
Notes
The block of commands following the *DO command (up to the *ENDDO command) is executed repeatedly until some loop control is satisfied. Printout is automatically suppressed on all loops after the first (include a /GOPR command to restore the printout). The command line loop control (Par,IVAL,FVAL,INC) must be input; however, a Use the *IF within the block can also be used to control looping [*EXIT , *CYCLE]. One level of internal file switching is used for each nested *DO. Twenty levels of nested do-loops are allowed.
Note
Do-loops that include /INPUT, *USE, or an "Unknown Command" macro, have less nesting available because each of these operations also uses a level of file switching. The *DO, *ENDDO, and any *CYCLE and *EXIT commands for a do-loop must all be read from the same file (or keyboard). You cannot use the MULTIPRO or *CREATE commands within a *DO-loop. Picking operations should also not be used within a *DO-loop. This command is valid in any processor. file://D:\Documents%20and%20Settings\Administrator\Local%20Settings\Temp\~hh... 20.05.2004
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Menu Paths
Prev DNSOL Prev DOF D Commands
Next DOF Next
DOF
Name
DOF, Lab1, Lab2, Lab3, Lab4, Lab5, Lab6, Lab7, Lab8, Lab9, Lab10 Adds degrees of freedom to the current DOF set. group: PREP7:Element Type product: MP ME ST DY PR EM FL PP ED
Lab1, Lab2, Lab3, Lab4, Lab5, Lab6, Lab7, Lab8, Lab9, Lab10
Valid labels are: UX, UY, UZ (structural displacements); ROTX, ROTY, ROTZ (structural rotations); TEMP (temperature); PRES (pressure); VOLT (voltage); MAG (magnetic scalar potential); AX, AY, AZ (magnetic vector potentials); CURR (current); EMF (electromotive force drop); DELETE.
Command Default
Use degree of freedom set determined from element types.
Notes
The degree of freedom (DOF) set for the model is determined from all element types defined. For example, if only LINK1 is defined, the set is UX,UY. If LINK1 and BEAM3 are defined, the set is UX,UY,ROTZ. This command may be used to add to the current set. The ALL label may be used on some commands to represent all labels of the current degree of freedom set for the model. Issue the DOF command with no arguments to list the current set. Use the DELETE label to delete any previously added DOFs and return to the default DOF set.
Menu Paths
Main Menu>Preprocessor>Element Type>Add DOF
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Prev *DO Prev DOFSEL D Commands
Next DOFSEL Next
DOFSEL
Name
DOFSEL, Type, Dof1, Dof2, Dof3, Dof4, Dof5, Dof6 Selects a DOF label set for reference by other commands. group: DATABASE:Selecting product: MP ME ST DY PR EM FL PP ED
Type
Label identifying the type of select: S -Select a new set of labels. A -Add labels to the current set. U -Unselect (remove) labels from the current set. ALL -Restore the full set of labels. STAT -Display the current select status.
Dof1, Dof2, Dof3, Dof4, Dof5, Dof6
Used only with Type = S,A, or U. Valid structural labels: UX, UY or UZ (displacements); U (UX, UY and UZ); ROTX, ROTY or ROTZ (rotations); ROT (ROTX, ROTY and ROTZ); DISP (U and ROT). Valid thermal labels: TEMP (temperature). Valid fluid flow labels: PRES file://D:\Documents%20and%20Settings\Administrator\Local%20Settings\Temp\~hh... 20.05.2004
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(pressure); VX, VY or VZ (fluid velocities); V (VX, VY and VZ); ENKE, ENDS (turbulent kinetic energy, turbulent energy dissipation); EN (ENKE and ENDS turbulent energies) (FLOTRAN). Valid electric labels: VOLT (voltage); EMF (electromotive force drop); CURR (current). Valid magnetic labels: MAG (scalar magnetic potential); AX, AY or AZ (vector magnetic potentials); A (AX, AY and AZ); CURR (current). Valid structural force labels: FX, FY or FZ (forces); F (FX, FY and FZ); MX, MY or MZ (moments); M (MX, MY and MZ); FORC (F and M). Valid thermal force labels: HEAT (heat flow). Valid fluid flow force labels: FLOW (fluid flow). Valid electric force labels: AMPS (current flow), CHRG (electric charge). Valid magnetic force labels: FLUX (scalar magnetic flux); CSGX, CSGY or CSGZ (magnetic current segments); CSG (CSGX, CSGY, and CSGZ).
Command Default
Degree of freedom (and the corresponding force) labels are determined from the model.
Notes
Selects a degree of freedom label set for reference by other commands. The label set is used on certain commands where ALL is either input in the degree of freedom label field or implied. The active label set has no effect on the solution degrees of freedom. Specified labels which are not active in the model (from the ET or DOF command) are ignored. As a convenience, a set of force labels corresponding to the degree of freedom labels is also selected. For example, selecting UX also causes FX to be selected (and vice versa). The force label set is used on certain commands where ALL is input in the force label field. This command is valid in any processor.
Menu Paths
Main Menu>Preprocessor>Loads>Operate>Constraints Main Menu>Preprocessor>Loads>Operate>Forces Main Menu>Preprocessor>Loads>Settings>Constraints Main Menu>Preprocessor>Loads>Settings>Forces Main Menu>Solution>Operate>Constraints Main Menu>Solution>Operate>Forces Main Menu>Solution>Settings>Constraints Main Menu>Solution>Settings>Forces
Prev DOF Prev DOMEGA D Commands
Next DOMEGA Next
DOMEGA
Name
D Commands
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DOMEGA, DOMGX, DOMGY, DOMGZ Specifies the rotational acceleration of the structure. group: SOLUTION:Inertia product: MP ME ST PR PP ED
DOMGX, DOMGY, DOMGZ
Rotational acceleration of the structure about the global Cartesian X , Y, and Z axes.
Notes
Specifies the rotational acceleration of the structure about each of the global Cartesian axes. Rotational accelerations may be defined in analysis types ANTYPE,STATIC, HARMIC (full), TRANS (full), and SUBSTR. See the ANSYS, Inc. Theory Reference for details. Units are radians/time2 . Related commands are ACEL, CGLOC, CGOMGA, DCGOMG, and OMEGA. This command is also valid in PREP7.
Menu Paths
Main Menu>Preprocessor>Loads>Apply>Other>Angular Accel Main Menu>Preprocessor>Loads>Delete>Other>Angular Accel Main Menu>Solution>Apply>Other>Angular Accel Main Menu>Solution>Delete>Other>Angular Accel
Prev DOFSEL Prev DSCALE D Commands
Next DSCALE Next
DSCALE
Name
DSCALE, RFACT, IFACT, TBASE Scales DOF constraint values. group: SOLUTION:FE Constraints product: MP ME ST PR EM FL PP ED
RFACT
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IFACT
TBASE
Base temperature for temperature difference. For temperatures, the scale factor is applied to the temperature difference ( T-TBASE) and then added to TBASE. T is the current temperature.
Notes
Scales degree of freedom constraint values (displacement, temperature, etc.) in the database. Scaling applies to the previously defined values for the selected nodes [NSEL] and the selected degree of freedom labels [DOFSEL]. Issue DLIST command to review results. Solid model boundary conditions are not scaled by this command, but boundary conditions on the FE model are scaled.
Note
Such scaled FE boundary conditions may still be overwritten by unscaled solid model boundary conditions if a subsequent boundary condition transfer occurs. DSCALE does not work for tabular boundary conditions. This command is also valid in PREP7.
Menu Paths
Main Menu>Preprocessor>Loads>Operate>Constraints Main Menu>Solution>Operate>Constraints
Prev DOMEGA Prev /DSCALE D Commands
Next /DSCALE Next
/DSCALE
Name
/DSCALE, WN, DMULT Sets the displacement multiplier for displacement displays. group: GRAPHICS:Scaling
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WN

DMULT
AUTO or 0 -Scale displacements automatically so that maximum displacement (vector amplitude) displays as 5 percent of the maximum model length, as measured in the global Cartesian X, Y, or Z directions. This is the default setting when NLGEOM is OFF. 1 -Do not scale displacements (i.e., scale displacements by 1.0, true to geometry). Often used with large deflection results. This is the default setting when NLGEOM is ON. FACTOR -Scale displacements by numerical value input for FACTOR. OFF -Remove displacement scaling (i.e., scale displacements by 0.0, no distortion). USER -Set DMULT to that used for last display (useful when last DMULT value was automatically calculated).
Command Default
The default value is 1.0 when NLGEOM is ON, and AUTO when NLGEOM is OFF.
Notes
Menu Paths
Utility Menu>PlotCtrls>Style>Displacement Scaling
Prev DSCALE DSET
Next DSET
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DSET
Name
DSET, NODE1, NODE2, NODE3, DDEV Sets the scale and drawing plane orientation for a digitizing tablet. group: PREP7:Digitizing product: MP ME ST DY PR EM FL PP ED
NODE1, NODE2, NODE3
Any three (non-colinear) nodes defining a plane parallel to the drawing. Nodes and actual locations (in any coordinate system) must have been previously defined.
DDEV
Digitizing device type number (device dependent).
Notes
Sets drawing scale size and defines the drawing plane orientation for use with a digitizing tablet. Drawings must be to scale. Views must represent standard orthogonal parallel projections. The three nodes indicated must be digitized [DIG] from the tablet after this command is issued.
Menu Paths
Main Menu>Preprocessor>Create>Nodes>Digitize Nodes>Set Plane/Device
Prev /DSCALE Prev DSUM D Commands
Next DSUM Next
DSUM
Name
DSUM, SIGNIF, Label, TD Specifies the double sum mode combination method.
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D Commands group: SOLUTION:Spectrum Options product: MP ME ST PR PP ED
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SIGNIF
Combine only those modes whose significance level exceeds the SIGNIF threshold. For single point, multipoint, or DDAM response (SPOPT , SPRS, MPRS, or DDAM), the significance level of a mode is defined as the mode coefficient of the mode, divided by the maximum mode coefficient of all modes. Any mode whose significance level is less than SIGNIF is considered insignificant and is not contributed to the mode combinations. The higher the SIGNIF threshold, the fewer the number of modes combined. SIGNIF defaults to 0.001. If SIGNIF is specified as 0.0, it is taken as 0.0. (This mode combination method is not valid for SPOPT, PSD.)
Label
Label identifying the combined mode solution output. DISP -Displacement solution (default). Displacements, stresses, forces, etc., are available. VELO -Velocity solution. Velocities, "stress velocities," "force velocities," etc., are available. ACEL -Acceleration solution. Accelerations, "stress accelerations," "force accelerations," etc., are available.
TD
Time duration for earthquake or shock spectrum. TD defaults to 10.
Notes
This command is also valid for PREP7.
Menu Paths
Prev DSET DSURF
Next DSURF
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DSURF
Name
DSURF, KCN, XSURF, YSURF, ZSURF Defines the surface upon which digitized nodes lie. group: PREP7:Digitizing product: MP ME ST DY PR EM FL PP ED
KCN
Surface is located in coordinate system KCN. KCN may be 0,1,2 or any previously defined local coordinate system number.
XSURF, YSURF, ZSURF
Input one value to define the surface constant. Input 999 in the other two fields. Interpret fields as R, ,Z for cylindrical or R, , for spherical or toroidal coordinate systems. XSURF and YSURF default to 999 if KCN = 0.
Command Default
Surface associated with DIG command is the global Cartesian X-Y plane with Z = 0.
Notes
Defines the surface upon which the nodes to be digitized (with the DIG command) actually lie. Surfaces are defined by a coordinate system number and a coordinate constant [MOVE]. Two coordinates are determined from the drawing and converted to surface coordinates. The third coordinate is defined from the input surface constant. If nodes lie on warped or undefined surfaces, use the DMOVE command.
Menu Paths
Main Menu>Preprocessor>Create>Nodes>Digitize Nodes>Define Surface
Prev DSUM Prev DSYM D Commands
Next DSYM Next
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DSYM
Name
DSYM, Lab, Normal, KCN Specifies symmetry or antisymmetry DOF constraints on nodes. group: SOLUTION:FE Constraints product: MP ME ST DY PR EM PP ED
Lab
Symmetry label: SYMM -Generate symmetry constraints as described below. ASYM -Generate antisymmetry constraints as described below.
Normal
Surface orientation label to determine the constraint set (surface is assumed to be perpendicular to this coordinate direction in coordinate system KCN): X -Surface is normal to coordinate X direction (default). Interpreted as R direction for nonCartesian coordinate systems. Y -Surface is normal to coordinate Y direction. systems. Z -Surface is normal to coordinate Z direction. coordinate systems.
KCN
direction for non-Cartesian coordinate
direction for spherical or toroidal
Reference number of global or local coordinate system used to define surface orientation.
Notes
Specifies symmetry or antisymmetry degree of freedom constraints on the selected nodes. The nodes are first automatically rotated (any previously defined rotations on these nodes are redefined) into
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coordinate system KCN, then zero-valued constraints are generated, as described below, on the selected degree of freedom set (limited to displacement, velocity, and magnetic degrees of freedom) [DOFSEL]. Constraints are defined in the (rotated) nodal coordinate system, as usual. See the D and NROTAT commands for additional details about constraints and nodal rotations. This command is also valid in PREP7.
Symmetry and Antisymmetry Constraints:

Symmetry or antisymmetry constraint generations are based upon the valid degrees of freedom in the model, i.e., the degrees of freedom associated with the elements attached to the nodes. The degree of freedom labels used in the generation depend on the Normal label. For displacement degrees of freedom, the constraints generated are: SYMM
Normal
X Y Z
2-D 3-D UX, ROTZ UX, ROTZ, ROTY UY, ROTZ UY, ROTZ, ROTX -UZ, ROTX, ROTY
2-D UY UX --
ASYM 3-D UY, UZ, ROTX UX, UZ, ROTY UX, UY, ROTZ
For velocity degrees of freedom, the constraints generated are: SYMM Normal 2-D 3-D X VX VX Y VY VY Z -- VZ ASYM 2-D 3-D VY VY, VZ VX VX, VZ -- VX, VY
For magnetic degrees of freedom, the SYMM label generates flux normal conditions (flux flows normal to the surface). Where no constraints are generated, the flux normal condition is "naturally" satisfied. The ASYM label generates flux parallel conditions (flux flows parallel to the surface). SYMM Normal 2-D 3-D X -- AX Y -- AY Z -- AZ ASYM 2-D 3-D AZ AY, AZ AZ AX, AZ -- AX, AY
Menu Paths
Main Menu>Preprocessor>Loads>Apply>Boundary>On Nodes Main Menu>Preprocessor>Loads>Apply>Displacement>On Nodes Main Menu>Solution>Apply>Boundary>On Nodes Main Menu>Solution>Apply>Displacement>On Nodes
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Prev DSURF Prev DSYS D Commands
Next DSYS Next
DSYS
Name
DSYS, KCN Activates a display coordinate system for geometry listings and plots. group: GRAPHICS:Set Up product: MP ME ST DY PR EM FL PP ED
KCN
Coordinate system reference number. KCN may be 0,1,2 or any previously defined local coordinate system number.
Note
If a cylinder is displayed in its cylindrical coordinate system (with a 1,0,0 view), it will be unrolled (developed) into a flat plane (with theta along the Y direction).
Command Default
Global Cartesian ( KCN = 0) display coordinate system.
Notes
Boundary condition symbols, vector arrows, and element coordinate system triads are not transformed to the display coordinate system. The display system orientation (for the default view) is X horizontal to the right, Y vertical upward, and Z out of the screen (normal). Line directions and area directions (/PSYMB, LDIR and /PSYMB, ADIR) are not plotted for DSYS >0. When you create ANSYS 3D annotation, the coordinates are stored to the database in the DSYS that was active at the time of creation. Changing the DSYS does not change the annotation coordinate data in the database. This command is valid in any processor.
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Menu Paths
Utility Menu>WorkPlane>Change Display CS to>Global Cartesian Utility Menu>WorkPlane>Change Display CS to>Global Cylindrical Utility Menu>WorkPlane>Change Display CS to>Global Spherical Utility Menu>WorkPlane>Change Display CS to>Specified Coord Sys
Prev DSYM Prev DTRAN D Commands
Next DTRAN Next
DTRAN
Name
DTRAN Transfers solid model DOF constraints to the finite element model. group: SOLUTION:Solid Constraints product: MP ME ST PR EM PP ED
Notes
Constraints are transferred only from selected solid model entities to selected nodes. The DTRAN operation is also done if the SBCTRAN command is issued, and is automatically done upon initiation of the solution calculations [SOLVE]. This command is also valid in PREP7.
Menu Paths
Main Menu>Preprocessor>Loads>Operate>Constraints Main Menu>Solution>Operate>Constraints
Prev DSYS Prev DUMP D Commands
Next DUMP Next
DUMP
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Name
DUMP, NSTRT, NSTOP Dumps the contents of a binary file. group: AUX2:Binary Files product: MP ME ST DY PR EM FL PP ED
NSTRT, NSTOP
Dump file from record NSTRT (defaults to 1) to NSTOP (defaults to NSTRT). If NSTRT = HEAD, dump only record 1 of the file (NSTOP and the format specification are ignored). If NSTRT = ALL, dump the entire file.
Notes
Dumps the file named on the AUX2 FILEAUX2 command according the format specified on the FORM command.
Menu Paths
Prev DTRAN Prev /DV3D D Commands
Next /DV3D Next
/DV3D
Name
/DV3D, Lab, Key Sets 3-D device option modes. group: GRAPHICS:Set Up product: MP ME ST DY PR EM FL PP ED
Lab
Mode label: file://D:\Documents%20and%20Settings\Administrator\Local%20Settings\Temp\~hh... 20.05.2004
D Commands ACCU --
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Allows ANSYS to use the accumulation buffer for Open GL graphics. Activating this feature will provide faster model rotation when shaded backgrounds are in use. This feature is off by default. ACTR -Label term to designate the cursor position as the center for automatic dynamic rotational center capability . The subsequent Key value (see below) turns this capability on and off. This feature is on by default. (Available for open GL displays only) ANIM -Animation mode. The ANIM option allows you to create animation frames in pixmap mode instead of display list mode. This may improve large model performance, but it eliminates local manipulation while animation is in progress. This feature is on by default. ANTI -Label term to control Anti-aliasing, a smoothing technique for your graph plots. (see below) The subsequent Key value turns this capability on and off. The default for this feature is off. (Available for open GL displays only). DGEN -Local manipulation degenerate mode. You access the DGEN option to set wire-frame local manipulation mode for 3-D devices (device dependent). This feature is off by default. DLIST -3-D display options. With DLIST, you can specify whether screen updates and redraws will be performed using the ANSYS Display List, or the 3-D device's Display List. DLIST is off by default. When using ANSYS on a network, DLIST should be set "ON." TRIS -Triangle strip mode. Tri-stripping provides faster 3-D display capabilities and is on by default. Some display enhancements, such as texturing, are adversely affected by tristripping. You can turn off tri-stripping in order to improve these display functions. Be sure to turn tri-stripping on after the desired output is obtained.
Key
The following key options apply to Lab = ACCU: 0 -(OFF) The accumulation buffer is not accessed. (default) 1 --
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D Commands (ON) Access to the buffer is enabled. The following key options apply to Lab = ACTR: 0 --
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(OFF) The cursor position has no effect on the existing rotational center for dynamic operations. 1 -(ON) The rotational center for dynamic rotations in Open GL is determined by the position of the mouse cursor on (or within 15 pixels of) the model. Any rotations that are initiated with the cursor more than 15 pixels from the model will occur about the midpoint of the Z-axis at that point in space. If the Z-buffer has not been refreshed the Z-axis will have an infinite value, and rotations will appear to occur about an extremely long Z-axis. This behavior stops when the graphics window is refreshed or replotted. (default) The following key options apply to Lab = ANIM: 0 -Display list animation. The object can be dynamically manipulated while animating. 1 -On UNIX, device-dependent pixmap animation is used. On the PC, bitmap animation is provided (default). 2 -On the PC only, this option provides AVI animation which uses the AVI movie player . Although you can create animations of multiple ANSYS window schemes, animations created with OpenGL display lists (/DV3D, ANIM, 0) do not retain the windowing scheme information. You CAN save multiple windows via the X11/WIN32 drivers, or via the OpenGL driver with /DV3D, ANIM, KEY in effect (where KEY is not zero). The following key options apply to Lab = ANTI 0 -(OFF) Anti-aliasing is not active (default). 1 -(ON) The anti -aliasing technique will be applied to smooth the lines in your displays (valid for Open GL only). The following key options apply to Lab = DGEN: 0 -Normal manipulation. 1 --
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D Commands Wireframe Manipulation. The following key options apply to Lab = DLIST: 0 --
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(OFF) The ANSYS Display List is used for plotting and dynamic graphics manipulation (default). 1 -(ON) The local (3-D Device) Display List is used for plotting and dynamic rotation. The following key options apply to Lab = TRIS: 0 -(OFF) Tri -stripping is off. 1 -(ON) Tri-stripping is on (default). This command is valid in any processor.
Menu Paths
Utility Menu>PlotCtrls>Device Options
Prev DUMP Prev DVMORPH D Commands
Next DVMORPH Next
DVMORPH
Name
DVMORPH, VOLU, XAREA, RMSHKY Move nodes in selected volumes to conform to structural displacements. group: PREP7:Morphing product: MP PP ED
VOLU
Non-structural volume to which mesh movement (morph) applies. If ALL, apply morphing to file://D:\Documents%20and%20Settings\Administrator\Local%20Settings\Temp\~hh... 20.05.2004
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all selected volumes [VSEL]. If VOLU = P, graphical picking is enabled. A component may be substituted for VOLU.
XAREA
Areas to be excluded from morphing. If ALL, exclude all selected areas [ASEL]. If XAREA=P, graphical picking is enabled. A component may be substituted for XAREA. If XAREA is blank (default), allow morphing of nodes attached to areas of the selected volumes ( VOLU) which are not shared by unselected volumes. (See Notes for clarification).
RMSHKY
Remesh flag option: 0 -Remesh the selected non-structural volumes only if mesh morphing fails. 1 -Remesh the selected non-structural volumes and bypass mesh morphing. 2 -Perform mesh morphing only and do not remesh.
Notes
The selected volumes should include only non-structural regions adjacent to structural regions. DVMORPH will morph the non-structural volumes to coincide with the deflections of the structural regions. Nodes in the structural regions move in accordance with computed displacements. Displacements from a structural analysis must be in the database prior to issuing DVMORPH . By default, nodes attached to areas can move along the areas. You can use XAREA to restrain nodes on certain areas. By default (RMSHKY=0), DVMORPH will remesh the selected non-structural volumes entirely if a satisfactory morphed mesh cannot be provided. If boundary conditions and loads are applied directly to nodes and elements, the DVMORPH command requires that these be removed before remeshing can take place.
Menu Paths
Main Menu>Preprocessor>Modify Mesh>Volumes
Prev /DV3D DYNOPT
Next DYNOPT
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DYNOPT
Name
DYNOPT Specifies "Dynamic analysis options" as the subsequent status topic. group: SOLUTION:Status product: MP ME ST DY PR EM FL PP ED
Notes
Menu Paths
Utility Menu>List>Status>Solution>Dynamics Options
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E Commands E Commands ANSYS Commands Reference
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Prev
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E Commands
Table of Contents E EALIVE EDADAPT EDASMP EDBOUND EDBX EDBVIS EDCADAPT EDCGEN EDCLIST EDCMORE EDCNSTR EDCONTACT EDCPU EDCRB EDCSC EDCTS EDCURVE EDDAMP EDDC EDDRELAX EDDUMP EDELE EDENERGY EDFPLOT /EDGE EDHGLS EDHIST EDHTIME EDINT EDIPART EDIS EDLCS EDLOAD EDMP EDNB EDNDTSD EDNROT EDOPT EDOUT EDPART EDPC EDPL
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E Commands EDPVEL EDRC EDRD EDREAD EDRI EDRST EDRUN EDSHELL EDSOLV EDSP EDSTART EDTERM EDTP EDVEL EDWELD EDWRITE /EFACET EGEN EINTF EKILL ELEM ELIST *ELSE *ELSEIF EMAGERR EMATWRITE EMF EMID EMIS EMODIF EMORE EMSYM EMTGEN EMUNIT EN *END *ENDDO *ENDIF ENGEN ENORM ENSYM /EOF EORIENT EPLOT EQSLV ERASE /ERASE EREAD EREFINE ERESX ERNORM ERRANG ESEL /ESHAPE ESIZE file://D:\Documents%20and%20Settings\Administrator\Local%20Settings\Temp\~hh...
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E Commands ESLA ESLL ESLN ESLV ESOL ESORT ESSOLV ESTIF ESURF ESYM ESYS ET ETABLE ETCHG ETDELE ETLIST ETYPE EUSORT *EVAL EWRITE *EXIT /EXIT EXP EXPAND /EXPAND EXPASS EXPSOL EXTOPT EXTREM
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E
Name
E, I, J, K, L, M, N, O, P Defines an element by node connectivity. group: PREP7:Elements product: MP ME ST DY PR EM FL PP ED
I
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Number of node assigned to first nodal position (node I). If I = P, graphical picking is enabled and all remaining command fields are ignored (valid only in the GUI).
J, K, L, M, N, O, P
Number assigned to second (node J) through eighth (node P) nodal position, if any.
Notes
Defines an element by its nodes and attribute values. Up to 8 nodes may be specified with the E command. If more nodes are needed for the element, use the EMORE command. The number of nodes required and the order in which they should be specified are described in Chapter 4 of the ANSYS Elements Reference for each element type. Elements are automatically assigned a number [NUMSTR ] as generated. The current (or default) MAT, TYPE, REAL, SECNUM and ESYS attribute values are also assigned to the element. When creating elements with more than 8 nodes using this command and the EMORE command, it may be necessary to turn off shape checking using the SHPP command before issuing this command. If a valid element type can be created without using the additional nodes on the EMORE command, this command will create that element. The EMORE command will then modify the element to include the additional nodes. If shape checking is active, it will be performed before the EMORE command is issued. Therefore, if the shape checking limits are exceeded, element creation may fail before the EMORE command modifies the element into an acceptable shape.
Menu Paths
Main Menu>Preprocessor>Create>Elements>Thru Nodes
Prev E Commands Prev EALIVE E Commands
Next EALIVE Next
EALIVE
Name
EALIVE, ELEM Reactivates an element (for the birth and death capability). group: SOLUTION:Birth and Death product: MP ME ST PP ED
ELEM
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Element to be reactivated. If ALL, reactivate all selected elements [ESEL]. If ELEM = P, graphical picking is enabled and all remaining command fields are ignored (valid only in the GUI). A component name may also be substituted for ELEM.
Notes
Reactivates the specified element when the birth and death capability is being used. An element can be reactivated only after it has been deactivated with the EKILL command. Reactivated elements have a zero strain (or thermal heat storage, etc.) state. This command is also valid in PREP7.
Menu Paths
Main Menu>Preprocessor>Loads>Other>Activate Elem Main Menu>Solution>Other>Activate Elem
Prev E Prev EDADAPT E Commands
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EDADAPT
Name
EDADAPT, PART, Key Activates adaptive meshing in an explicit dynamic analysis. group: SOLUTION:Explicit Dynamics product: DY ED
PART
Pare ID (number) for which adaptive meshing is to be turned on (or off). Use PART = STAT to list the current adaptive meshing definitions.
Key
Adaptivity key: OFF -Do not use adaptive meshing for the specified part ID (default). ON -file://D:\Documents%20and%20Settings\Administrator\Local%20Settings\Temp\~hh... 20.05.2004
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Command Default
Adaptive meshing is off for all parts in the model.
Notes
When adaptive meshing (adaptivity) is turned on, the mesh will automatically be regenerated to ensure adequate element aspect ratios. Adaptive meshing is most commonly used in the analysis of large deformation processes such as metal forming, in which the blank would need to be adaptively meshed. Adaptive meshing is only valid for parts consisting of SHELL163 elements. By default, adaptive meshing is OFF for all parts in the model. To specify adaptive meshing for more than one part in the model, you must issue the EDADAPT command for each part ID. Use the EDPART command to create and list valid part IDs. Use the EDCADAPT command to define additional adaptive meshing parameters. The EDADAPT command is not supported in an explicit dynamic full restart analysis (EDSTART ,3). In addition, a full restart cannot be performed successfully if adaptive meshing was used in the previous analysis. This command is also valid in PREP7.
Menu Paths
Main Menu>Solution>Analysis Options>Adaptive Meshing>Apply to Part
Prev EALIVE Prev EDASMP E Commands
Next EDASMP Next
EDASMP
Name
EDASMP, Option, ASMID, PART1, PART2, PART3, PART4, PART5, PART6, PART7, PART8, PART9, PART10, PART11, PART12, PART13, PART14, PART15, PART16 Creates a part assembly to be used in an explicit dynamic analysis. group: PREP7:Explicit Dynamics product: DY ED
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Option
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Label identifying the part assembly option to be performed. ADD -Adds a part assembly (default). DELETE -Deletes a part assembly. LIST -Lists each part assembly number, and the part numbers that make up each part assembly.
ASMID
User defined part assembly ID number. The part assembly number must be greater than the highest currently defined part ID number.
PART1, . . . PART16
Part numbers to be included in the assembly (up to 16 different parts).
Command Default
Default for Option is ADD. You must specify ASMID to avoid an error message.
Notes
Several ANSYS/LS-DYNA commands (such as EDCGEN , EDPVEL, and EDIS) refer to assembly ID numbers. If you intend to use assembly ID numbers with these commands, you must first define the assembly ID numbers using EDASMP.
Menu Paths
Main Menu>Preprocessor>LS-DYNA Options>Assembly Options
Prev EDADAPT Prev EDBOUND E Commands
Next EDBOUND Next
EDBOUND
Name
EDBOUND, Option, Lab, Cname, XC, YC, ZC, Cname2, COPT Defines a boundary plane for sliding file://D:\Documents%20and%20Settings\Administrator\Local%20Settings\Temp\~hh... 20.05.2004
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Option
Label identifying the symmetry plane option to be performed. ADD -Define a sliding or cyclic symmetry plane. DELE -Delete a specified sliding or cyclic symmetry plane. LIST -List defined sliding or cyclic symmetry planes.
Lab
Valid boundary options for defining a symmetry plane. A valid label must always be specified for adding, deleting, or listing boundary planes. SLIDE -Sliding symmetry plane. CYCL -Cyclic symmetry plane.
Cname
Name of existing component [CM] to which boundary symmetry is to be applied or deleted. Component must consist of nodes. For Option = LIST, a component is not required because all defined symmetry planes are listed for the specified Lab. For Option = DELE, use Cname = ALL to delete all symmetry planes currently defined for the specified Lab.
XC, YC, ZC
X, Y, and Z coordinates of the head of the vector defining normal ( Lab = SLIDE) or axis of rotation ( Lab = CYCL). The tail of the vector is at the global origin.
Cname2
Name of existing nodal component [CM] for which second cyclic boundary plane is to be applied. Each node in Cname2 component is constrained to a corresponding node in the first component set. Therefore, component Cname2 must have the same number of nodes as the
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Cname COPT
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component. Cname2 is valid only for Lab = CYCL.
Specified constraint option for sliding plane symmetry. COPT is valid only for Lab = SLIDE. Valid COPT options are: 0 -Nodes move on normal plane (default). 1 -Nodes move only in vector direction.
Notes
For cyclic symmetry, the node numbers in component Cname2 must differ from the node numbers in Cname by a constant offset value. In addition, the nodes in Cname2 must have locations which, if given in cylindrical coordinates, all differ by the same angle from the nodes in Cname. The following figure shows how you would define components for a cyclic symmetry plane.
This command is also valid in SOLUTION.
Menu Paths
Main Menu>Preprocessor>LS-DYNA Options>Constraints>Apply>Symm Bndry Plane Main Menu>Preprocessor>LS-DYNA Options>Constraints>Delete>Symm Bndry Plane>Delete All Main Menu>Preprocessor>LS-DYNA Options>Constraints>Delete>Symm Bndry Plane>Delete Individ Main Menu>Solution>Constraints>Apply>Symm Bndry Plane Main Menu>Solution>Constraints>Delete>Symm Bndry Plane>Delete All Main Menu>Solution>Constraints>Delete>Symm Bndry Plane>Delete Individ file://D:\Documents%20and%20Settings\Administrator\Local%20Settings\Temp\~hh... 20.05.2004
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Prev EDASMP Prev EDBX E Commands
Next EDBX Next
EDBX
Name
EDBX, Option, BOXID , XMIN, XMAX,YMIN, YMAX, ZMIN, ZMAX Creates a box shaped volume to be used in a contact definition for explicit dynamics. group: PREP7:Explicit Dynamics product: DY ED
Option
Label identifying the contact box definition option to be performed. ADD -Adds a contact box definition (default). DELETE -Deletes a contact box definition. LIST -Lists each box ID number, and the coordinates that make up each box shaped volume.
BOXID
User defined list ID number.

XMIN
Minimum x-coordinate.
XMAX
Maximum x-coordinate.
YMIN
Minimum y-coordinate.
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YMAX
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Maximum y-coordinate.
ZMIN
Minimum z-coordinate.
ZMAX
Maximum z-coordinate.
Command Default
Default for Option is ADD. You must specify BOXID to avoid an error message.
Notes
The ANSYS/LS-DYNA command EDCGEN allows you to define contact and target volumes using box ID numbers BOXID1 and BOXID2, respectively. If you use these arguments to define contact volumes, you must first define their coordinates using the EDBX command.
Menu Paths
Main Menu>Preprocessor>LS-DYNA Options>Contact>Define Box
Prev EDBOUND Prev EDBVIS E Commands
Next EDBVIS Next
EDBVIS
Name
EDBVIS, QVCO, LVCO Specifies global bulk viscosity coefficients for an explicit dynamics analysis. group: SOLUTION:Explicit Dynamics product: DY ED
QVCO
Quadratic viscosity coefficient (defaults to 1.5).
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LVCO
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Linear viscosity coefficient (defaults to 0.06).
Notes
Menu Paths
Main Menu>Preprocessor>Loads>Other>Change Mat Props>Bulk Viscosity Main Menu>Preprocessor>Material Props>Bulk Viscosity Main Menu>Solution>Other>Change Mat Props>Bulk Viscosity Main Menu>Solution>Analysis Options>Bulk Viscosity
Prev EDBX Prev EDCADAPT E Commands
Next EDCADAPT Next
EDCADAPT
Name
EDCADAPT, FREQ, TOL, OPT, MAXLVL, BTIME, DTIME, LCID, ADPSIZE, ADPASS, IREFLG, ADPENE, ADPTH, MAXEL Specifies adaptive meshing controls for an explicit dynamic analysis. group: SOLUTION:Explicit Dynamics product: DY ED
FREQ
Time interval between adaptive mesh refinements (default = 0.0). Use FREQ = STAT to list the current adaptive meshing control settings.
TOL
Adaptive angle tolerance (in degrees) for which adaptive meshing will occur (default = 1e31). If the relative angle change between elements exceeds the specified tolerance value, the elements will be refined.
OPT
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Angle change (in degrees) of elements is based on original mesh configuration (default). 2 -Angle change (in degrees) of elements is incrementally based on previously refined mesh.
MAXLVL
Maximum number of mesh refinement levels (default = 3). This parameter controls the number of times an element can be remeshed. Values of 1, 2, 3, 4, etc. allow a maximum of 1, 4, 16, 64, etc. elements, respectively, to be created for each original element.
BTIME
Birth time to begin adaptive meshing (default = 0.0).

DTIME
Death time to end adaptive meshing (default = 1e31).

LCID
Data curve number (previously defined on the EDCURVE command) identifying the interval of remeshing (no default). The abscissa of the data curve is time, and the ordinate is the varied adaptive time interval. If LCID is non-zero, the adaptive frequency (FREQ) is replaced by this load curve. Note that a non-zero FREQ value is still required to initiate the first adaptive loop.
ADPSIZE
Minimum element size to be adapted based on element edge length (default = 0.0).
ADPASS
One or two pass adaptivity option. 0 -Two pass adaptivity (default). 1 -One pass adaptivity.
IREFLG
Uniform refinement level flag (no default). Values of 1, 2, 3, etc. allow 4, 16, 64, etc. elements, respectively, to be created uniformly for each original element.
ADPENE
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Adaptive mesh flag for starting adaptivity when approaching (positive ADPENE value) or penetrating (negative ADPENE value) the tooling surface (default = 0.0).
ADPTH
Absolute shell thickness level below which adaptivity should begin. This option works only if the adaptive angle tolerance (TOL) is nonzero. If thickness based adaptive remeshing is desired without angle change, set TOL to a large angle. The default is ADPTH = 0.0, which means this option is not used.
MAXEL
Maximum number of elements at which adaptivity will be terminated (no default). Adaptivity is stopped if this number of elements is exceeded.
Command Default
No adaptive meshing.
Notes
The EDCADAPT command globally sets the control options for all part IDs that are to be adaptively meshed (see the EDADAPT command). Because FREQ defaults to zero, you must input a non-zero value in this field in order to activate adpative meshing. You must also specify a reasonable value for TOL since the default adaptive angle tolerance (1e31) will not allow adaptive meshing to occur. The EDCADAPT command is not supported in an explicit dynamic full restart analysis (EDSTART ,3). This command is also valid in PREP7.
Menu Paths
Main Menu>Solution>Analysis Options>Adaptive Meshing>Global Settings
Prev EDBVIS Prev EDCGEN E Commands
Next EDCGEN Next
EDCGEN
Name
EDCGEN, Option, Cont , Targ, FS, FD, DC, VC, VDC, V1, V2, V3, V4, BTIME, DTIME, BOXID1, BOXID2 Specifies contact parameters for an explicit dynamics analysis. group: PREP7:Explicit Dynamics file://D:\Documents%20and%20Settings\Administrator\Local%20Settings\Temp\~hh... 20.05.2004
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Option
Label identifying the contact behavior (dictates the meaning of V1 through V4). AG -Automatic general contact. ANTS -Automatic nodes-to-surface contact. ASSC -Automatic single surface contact. ASS2D -Automatic 2-D single surface contact (applicable only with the Cont and FS arguments). ASTS -Automatic surface-to-surface contact. DRAWBEAD -Drawbead contact ENTS -Eroding nodes-to-surface contact. ESS -Eroding single surface contact. ESTS -Eroding surface-to-surface contact. FNTS -Forming nodes-to-surface contact. FOSS -Forming one way surface-to-surface contact. FSTS --
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E Commands Forming surface-to-surface contact. NTS -Nodes-to-surface contact. OSTS -One way surface-to-surface contact. RNTR -Rigid nodes to rigid body contact. ROTR -Rigid body to rigid body (one way) contact. SE -Single edge contact. SS -Single surface contact. STS -Surface-to-surface contact. TDNS -Tied nodes-to-surface contact. TSES -Tied shell edge-to-surface contact. TDSS -Tied surface-to-surface contact. TNTS -Tiebreak nodes-to-surface contact TSTS -Tiebreak surface-to-surface contact.
Cont
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Contact surface identified by a component name [CM] , a part ID number [EDPART], or an file://D:\Documents%20and%20Settings\Administrator\Local%20Settings\Temp\~hh... 20.05.2004
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assembly ID number [EDASMP]. If a component name is input, the component must contain nodes that represent the contact surface (assemblies are not valid for a component name). Alternatively, a part number may be input that identifies a group of elements as the contact surface, or an assembly number may be input containing a maximum of 16 parts. The assembly ID number must be greater than the highest number used for the part ID. Cont is not required for automatic general contact, single edge contact, and single surface contact options (Option = AG, SE, ASSC, ESS, and SS). If Option = ASS2D, only part assemblies are valid.
Targ
Target surface identified by a component name [CM] , a part ID number [EDPART], or an assembly ID number [EDASMP]. If a component name is input, the component must contain nodes that represent the target surface (assemblies are not valid for a component name). Alternatively, a part number may be input that identifies a group of elements as the target surface, or an assembly number may be input containing a maximum of 16 parts. The assembly ID number must be greater than the highest number used for the part ID. Targ is not defined for automatic general contact, single edge contact, automatic single surface contact, eroding single surface contact, single surface contact, and automatic 2-D single surface contact options (Option = AG, SE, ASSC, ESS, SS, and ASS2D).
FS
Static friction coefficient (defaults to 0).

FD
Dynamic friction coefficient (defaults to 0).

DC
Exponential decay coefficient (defaults to 0).

VC
Coefficient for viscous friction (defaults to 0).

VDC
Viscous damping coefficient in percent of critical damping (defaults to 0).

V1, V2, V3, V4
Additional input for drawbead, eroding, rigid, and tiebreak contact. The meanings of V1-V4 will vary, depending on Option. See the table below for V1-V4 definitions. Additional input for drawbead contact ( Option = DRAWBEAD): V1 -Load curve ID giving the bending component of the restraining force per unit draw bead length as a function of draw bead displacement. V1 must be specified. V2 --
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Load curve ID giving the normal force per unit draw bead length as a function of draw bead displacement. V2 is optional. V3 -Draw bead depth. V4 -Number of equally spaced integration points along the draw bead (default = 0, in which case ANSYS/LS-DYNA calculates this value based on the size of the elements that interact with the draw bead). Additional input for eroding contact (Option = ENTS, ESS, or ESTS): V1 -Symmetry plane option. The purpose of this option is to retain the correct boundary conditions in a model with symmetry. 0 -Off (default). 1 -Do not include faces with normal boundary constraints (e.g., segments of brick elements on a symmetry plane). V2 -Erosion/interior node option. 0 -Erosion occurs only at exterior boundaries. 1 -Interior eroding contact can occur (default). V3 -Adjacent material treatment for solid elements. 0 -Solid element faces are included only for free boundaries (default). 1 -Solid element faces are included if they are on the boundary of the material subset. This option also allows erosion within a body and the consequent treatment of contact. Additional input for rigid contact ( Option = RNTR or ROTR): V1 --
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Data curve id for force versus deflection behavior [EDCURVE]. Also specify V2. (No default.) V2 -Force calculation method for rigid contact. (No default.) 1 -Data curve gives total normal force on surface versus maximum penetration of any node (only applicable for Option = ROTR). 2 -Data curve gives normal force on each node versus penetration of node through the surface ( Option = RNTR or ROTR). 3 -Data curve gives normal pressure versus penetration of node through the surface (only applicable for Option = RNTR). V3 -Unloading stiffness for rigid contact. This should not be larger than the maximum value used in the data curve. The default is to unload along the data curve (specified on V1). Additional input for tiebreak surface-to-surface contact ( Option = TSTS). V1 and V2 are used to calculate the failure criterion: V1 -Normal failure stress. (No default.) V2 -Shear failure stress. (No default.) Additional input for tiebreak nodes-to-surface contact ( Option = TNTS). V1 through V4 are used to calculate the failure criterion: V1 -Normal failure force. Only tensile failure (i.e., tensile normal forces) will be considered in the failure criterion. (No default.) V2 -Shear failure force. (No default.) V3 -Exponent for normal force. (Defaults to 2.) V4 --
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BTIME
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Birth time for which contact definition will become active (defaults to 0.0).
DTIME
Death time for which contact definition will become inactive (defaults to 1e21).
BOXID1
Contact volume as defined using the EDBX command (valid only when defining contact with parts or assemblies).
BOXID2
Target volume as defined using the EDBX command (valid only when defining contact with parts or assemblies).
Command Default
No contact defined.
Notes
The frictional coefficient used for contact is determined from FS, FD, and DC, and is assumed to be dependent on the relative velocity of the surfaces in contact: c = FD+(FS-FD) e -DC(v rel) The coefficient for viscous friction, VC, is necessary to limit the friction force to a maximum. A limiting force is computed: Flim = VC(A cont) where Acont is the area of the segment contacted by the node in contact. The suggested value for VC is to use the yield stress in shear:
where
is the yield stress of the contacted material.
If a part number is input for Cont or Targ, it must represent a valid explicit dynamics part definition. For example, an elastic material for explicit dynamics requires EX, NUXY, and DENS. If any part of the material definition is missing for the PART, the EDCGEN command will be ignored. In addition to the contact parameters on this command, you can specify penalty scale factors for the contact (slave) and target (master) surfaces by using the EDCMORE command.
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Duplicate definitions of the same contact type on the same components or parts will cause only one contact to be defined (previous definitions will be ignored). Duplicate definitions of different contact types on the same components or parts will cause multiple contact types to be defined. Use the EDCLIST and EDDC commands to list and delete contact surface specifications. Use the EDPC command to select and plot contact entities. The EDCGEN command is not supported in an explicit dynamic full restart analysis (EDSTART ,3). Thus, you cannot add new contact specifications in a full restart. You can use the EDCLIST command to list any contact specifications that were defined in the previous analysis. EDCGEN is also valid in SOLUTION.
Menu Paths
Main Menu>Preprocessor>LS-DYNA Options>Contact>Define Contact
Prev EDCADAPT Prev EDCLIST E Commands
Next EDCLIST Next
EDCLIST
Name
EDCLIST, NUM Lists contact entity specifications in an explicit dynamics analysis. group: PREP7:Explicit Dynamics product: DY ED
NUM
Number identifying contact entity to be listed. Use NUM = ALL to list all contact entities (ALL is the default).
Notes
Lists contact entity specifications previously defined with the EDCGEN command. The listing will include any contact parameters defined using the EDCMORE command. This command is also valid in SOLUTION.
Menu Paths
E Commands Main Menu>Preprocessor>LS-DYNA Options>Contact>List Entities
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Prev EDCGEN Prev EDCMORE E Commands
Next EDCMORE Next
EDCMORE
Name
EDCMORE , Option, NUM, --, VAL1,VAL2 Specifies additional contact parameters for a given contact definition in an explicit dynamic analysis. group: PREP7:Explicit Dynamics product: DY ED
Option
Label identifying the option to be performed. ADD -Define contact parameters for the contact entity specified by NUM (default). DELE -Delete contact parameters (VAL1 and VAL2) for the contact entity specified by NUM. If NUM = ALL, all contact parameters previously defined by EDCMORE are deleted.
NUM
Contact entity number. This contact entitiy must have been previously defined with the EDCGEN command. Use EDCLIST to obtain a list of contact entity numbers.
--
Unused field.
VAL1
Penalty scale factor for slave (contact) surface (SFS); default = 1.

VAL2
Penalty scale factor for master (target) surface (SFM); default = 1.
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Command Default
For all contract definitions, SFS = 1 and SFM = 1.
Notes
You can use the EDCMORE command to specify two additional contact parameters (SFS and SFM) for a specific contact definition. These parameters will apply only to the contact entity number entered on the NUM field. Use the EDCLIST command to obtain a list of contact definitions and their corresponding contact entity numbers. The listing produced by EDCLIST will include any contact parameters specified with the EDCMORE command. When you use the EDDC command to delete a contact definition, any parameters you specified with EDCMORE for that contact definition will also be deleted. To delete only the parameters specified by EDCMORE for a given contact definition, use the command EDCMORE ,DELE, NUM.
Note
When you delete a contact definition with the EDDC command, the contact entity numbers will be renumbered for the remaining contact definitions. Therefore, you should always issue EDCLIST to obtain a current list of contact entity numbers before adding or deleting contact parameters with the EDCMORE command. The EDCMORE command is also valid in SOLUTION.
Menu Paths
Main Menu>Preprocessor>LS-DYNA Options>Contact>Additional Parms
Prev EDCLIST Prev EDCNSTR E Commands
Next EDCNSTR Next
EDCNSTR
Name
EDCNSTR, Option, Ctype, Comp1, Comp2, VAL1 Defines various types of constraints for an explicit dynamic analysis. group: PREP7:Explicit Dynamics product: DY ED
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Option
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Label identifying the option to be performed. ADD -Define a constraint (default). DELE -Delete the constraint specified by Ctype, Comp1, and Comp2. If Ctype = ALL, all constraints are deleted. LIST -List all of the constraints previously defined by the EDCNSTR command.
Ctype
Constraint type. The command format will vary, depending on the Ctype value. ENS -Extra node set added to an existing rigid body. NRB -Nodal rigid body. STS -Tie between a shell edge and solid elements. RIVET -Massless rivet between two noncoincident nodes. If Ctype = ENS, the command format is EDCNSTR,Option,ENS, Comp1,Comp2
Comp1
Part number of the existing rigid body to which nodes will be added. The rigid body must be previously defined with the EDMP command. EDMP defines a rigid body based on material reference number (MAT). You must determine the corresponding part number (EDPART,CREATE) for input in this field.
Comp2
Component name identifying extra nodes to be added to the rigid body specified by Comp1. Comp2 must be a nodal component and must not be attached to any other rigid body. If Ctype = NRB, the command format is EDCNSTR,Option,NRB, Comp1,--,VAL1
Comp1
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Component name identifying a set of nodes that are to be defined as a rigid body. The component may consist of nodes from several different deformable parts.
--
This field is not used for Ctype = NRB.

VAL1
Coordinate system ID number (CID) to be used for output of data. The coordinate system must have been previously defined with the EDLCS command. If Ctype = STS, the command format is EDCNSTR ,Option,STS,Comp1,Comp2
Comp1
Node number of the shell element node that will be tied to solid element nodes that are specified by Comp2. The Comp1 node must lie along the edge of a shell element and be coincident to at least one node included in Comp2.
Comp2
Component name consisting of solid element nodes (up to nine nodes) to which the shell element node will be tied. Comp2 must consist of nodes that are on solid elements, and the nodes must define a line that will remain linear throughout the analysis. At least one of the nodes in Comp2 must be coincident with the shell node specified in Comp1. If Ctype = RIVET, the command format is EDCNSTR,Option,RIVET,Comp1,Comp2
Comp1
Node number of the first node on the rivet.

Comp2
Node number of the second node on the rivet. This node cannot have the same coordinates as the first node specified by Comp1.
Notes
The EDCNSTR command allows you to define several types of constraints in an explicit dynamic analysis. A brief description of each constraint type is given below. See Constraints and Initial Conditions in the ANSYS/LS-DYNA User's Guide for more information.
Extra Node Set Added to a Rigid Body (Ctype = ENS)

The ability to add extra nodes to an existing rigid body has many potential applications, including placing nodes where joints will be attached between rigid bodies, defining nodes where point loads will be applied, and defining a lumped mass at a specific location. The extra nodes specified by Comp2 may be located anywhere in the model and may have coordinates outside those of the original rigid body specified by Comp1.
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Nodal Rigid Body (Ctype = NRB)

Unlike typical rigid bodies that are defined with the EDMP command, nodal rigid bodies defined with the EDCNSTR command are not associated with a part number. This can be advantageous for modeling rigid (welded) joints in a model. For a rigid joint, portions of different flexible components (having different MAT IDs) act together as a rigid body. It is difficult to define this type of rigid body with a unique MAT ID (and corresponding part number). However, the rigid joint can be easily defined using a nodal rigid body.
Shell Edge to Solid Tie (Ctype = STS)

The STS option ties regions of solid elements to regions of shell elements. A single shell node may be tied to up to nine brick element nodes that define a fiber vector. Solid element nodes constrained in this way remain linear throughout the analysis but can move relative to each other in the fiber direction.
Rivet between Two Nodes (Ctype = RIVET)

The RIVET option defines a massless rigid constraint between two nodes, similar to spotwelds defined with the EDWELD command. Unlike a spotweld, however, rivets contain nodes that are noncoincident, and failure cannot be specified. When a rivet is defined, the distance between the nodes is kept constant throughout any motion that occurs during a simulation. Nodes connected by a rivet cannot be part of any other constraints specified in the model. The EDCNSTR command is also valid in SOLUTION.
Menu Paths
Main Menu>Preprocessor>LS-DYNA Options>Constraints>Apply>Additional Nodal Main Menu>Solution>Constraints>Apply>Additional Nodal
Prev EDCMORE Prev EDCONTACT E Commands
Next EDCONTACT Next
EDCONTACT
Name
EDCONTACT, SFSI, RWPN, IPCK, SHTK, PENO, STCC, ORIE, CSPC, PENCHK Specifies contact surface controls for an explicit dynamics analysis. group: PREP7:Explicit Dynamics product: DY ED
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SFSI
Scale factor for sliding interface penalties. Defaults to 0.1.

RWPN
Scale factor for rigid wall penalties (defaults to 0). If RWPN = 0, rigid bodies interacting with rigid walls are not considered. If RWPN>0, rigid bodies interact with fixed rigid walls. A value of 1.0 should be optimal; however, this may be problem dependent.
IPCK
Initial contact surface penetration checking option: 1 -No checking. 2 -Full check of initial penetration is performed (default).
SHTK
Shell thickness contact option for surface-to-surface and nodes-to-surface contact (see Notes below): 0 -Thickness is not considered (default). 1 -Thickness is considered, except in rigid bodies. 2 -Thickness is considered, including rigid bodies.
PENO
Penalty stiffness option (options 4 and 5 are useful for metal forming calculations): 1 -Minimum of master segment and slave node (default). 2 -Use master segment stiffness. 3 --
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Use slave node value inversely proportional to shell thickness. (This may require special scaling and is not generally recommended.)
STCC
Shell thickness change option for single surface contact: 1 -Shell thickness changes are not considered (default). 2 -Shell thickness changes are included.
ORIE
Option for automatic reorientation of contact surface segments: 1 -Activate for automated input only (default). 2 -Activate for manual and automated input. 3 -Do not activate.
CSPC
Contact surface penetration check multiplier, used if small penetration checking is on ( PENCHK = 1 or 2). Defaults to 4.
PENCHK
Small penetration check, used only for contact types STS, NTS, OSTS, TNTS, and TSTS. If the contact surface node penetrates more than the target thickness times CSPC, the penetration is ignored and the contacting node is set free. The target thickness is the element thickness for shell elements, or 1/20 of the shortest diagonal for solid elements. 0 -Penetration checking is off (default). 1 --
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Notes
The thickness offsets are always included in single surface, automatic surface-to-surface, and automatic nodes-to-surface contact. The shell thickness change option must be used [EDSHELL,,,1] and a nonzero value must be specified for SHTK before the shell thickness changes can be included in the surface-to-surface contact type. Additionally, STCC must be set to 2 if thickness changes are to be included in the single surface contact algorithms. To reset the contact options to default values, issue the EDCONTACT command with no fields specified. This command is also valid in SOLUTION.
Menu Paths
Main Menu>Preprocessor>LS-DYNA Options>Contact>Advanced Controls
Prev EDCNSTR Prev EDCPU E Commands
Next EDCPU Next
EDCPU
Name
EDCPU, CPUTIME Specifies CPU time limit for an explicit dynamics analysis. group: SOLUTION:Explicit Dynamics product: DY ED
CPUTIME
CPU time limit (in seconds) for the current phase of the analysis (defaults to 0). If CPUTIME = 0, no CPU time limit is set. CPUTIME values below 0 are not allowed.
Notes
E Commands This command is also valid in PREP7.
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Menu Paths
Main Menu>Solution>Analysis Options>CPU Limit
Prev EDCONTACT Prev EDCRB E Commands
Next EDCRB Next
EDCRB
Name
EDCRB, Option, NEQN, PARTM, PARTS Constrains two rigid bodies to act as one in an explicit dynamics analysis. group: PREP7:Explicit Dynamics product: DY ED
Option
Label identifying the option to be performed: ADD -Define an equation to constrain two rigid bodies (default). DELE -Delete the equation (specified by NEQN) that constrains two rigid bodies. If NEQN is blank, all equations constraining rigid bodies are deleted. LIST -List constrained rigid bodies specified by NEQN. If NEQN is blank, all constrained rigid bodies are listed.
NEQN
Equation reference number. Defaults to PARTS. NEQN should be a unique number for each pair of PARTM and PARTS. If it is not unique, the equation reference number defined last will overwrite any previously defined NEQN with the same number.
PARTM
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PART number [EDPART] identifying the master rigid body. This value is ignored if the DELE or LIST labels are specified. No default; you must enter a value.
PARTS
PART number [EDPART] identifying the slave rigid body. This value is ignored if the DELE or LIST labels are specified. No default; you must enter a value.
Notes
EDCRB is valid only for materials defined as rigid bodies with the EDMP,RIGID command. EDCRB automatically generates a constraint equation to force the specified rigid bodies to behave as a single rigid body. The slave rigid body takes on the material properties and loading of the master rigid body. Any loads [EDLOAD] existing on the slave rigid body are ignored. To create a single large rigid body from several smaller bodies, use a series of EDCRB commands. With the first command, specify a master and slave to create the first combined rigid body. Then, using that body as the master, specify another slave to create a larger rigid body. Continue the process, using the expanding rigid body as the master and adding slave bodies until you have defined the desired large rigid body. All slave rigid bodies will take on the material properties and loading of the original master rigid body. Note that you will need to use different NEQN values for each pair of PARTM and PARTS. This command will be ignored if you specify the previously-defined master rigid body as a slave rigid body in the same analysis. To change the master and slave definitions, first use the DELE option to delete all master and slave definitions, and then use the ADD option to redefine them. The equation number, NEQN, is a reference number by which the constrained bodies can be identified for listing and deleting purposes on the EDCRB command. For any other reference to the constrained bodies (loading, contact definitions, etc.), use the master body part number ( PARTM). This command is also valid in SOLUTION.
Menu Paths
Main Menu>Preprocessor>Coupling / Ceqn>Rigid Body CE
Prev EDCPU Prev EDCSC E Commands
Next EDCSC Next
EDCSC
Name
EDCSC, Key Specifies whether to use subcycling in an explicit dynamics analysis. group: SOLUTION:Explicit Dynamics
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Key
Subcycling key: OFF -Do not use subcycling (default). ON -Use subcycling.
Command Default
No subcycling.
Notes
Subcycling can be used to speed up an analysis when element sizes within a model vary significantly. Relatively small elements will result in a small time step size. When subcycling is on, the minimum time step size is increased for the smallest elements. This command is also valid in PREP7.
Menu Paths
Main Menu>Solution>Time Controls>Subcycling
Prev EDCRB Prev EDCTS E Commands
Next EDCTS Next
EDCTS
Name
EDCTS, DTMS, TSSFAC Specifies mass scaling and scale factor of computed time step for an explicit dynamics analysis. group: SOLUTION:Explicit Dynamics product: DY ED
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DTMS
Time step size for mass scaled solutions (defaults to 0).

TSSFAC
Scale factor for computed time step. Defaults to 0.9; if high explosives are used, the default is lowered to 0.67.
Command Default
No mass scaling; scale factor for computed time step = 0.9.
Notes
If DTMS is positive, the same time step size will be used for all elements and mass scaling will be done for all elements. Therefore, positive values should only be used if inertial effects are insignificant. If DTMS is negative, mass scaling is applied only to elements whose calculated time step size is smaller than DTMS. Negative values should only be used in transient analyses if the mass increases are insignificant. In order to use mass scaling in an explicit dynamic small restart analysis (EDSTART ,2) or full restart analysis (EDSTART,3), mass scaling must have been active in the original analysis. The time step and scale factor used in the original analysis will be used by default in the restart. You can issue EDCTS in the restart analysis to change these settings. This command is also valid in PREP7.
Menu Paths
Main Menu>Solution>Time Controls>Time Step Ctrls
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EDCURVE
Name
EDCURVE, Option, LCID, Par1, Par2 Specifies data curves for an explicit dynamic analysis.
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Option
Label identifying the option to be performed. ADD -Define a data curve (default). If Option = ADD, Par1 and Par2 must be previously defined array parameters. DELE -Delete the specified data curve ( LCID). If LCID is blank, all data curves are deleted. Par1 and Par2 are ignored for this option. LIST -List defined data curve (LCID). If LCID is blank, all data curves are listed. Par1 and Par2 are ignored for this option. PLOT -Plot defined data curve ( LCID). If Option = PLOT, LCID must be previously defined with an EDCURVE command. Otherwise a warning message will report that LCID has not been defined. Par1 and Par2 are ignored for this option.
LCID
Data curve ID number (no default). Must be a positive integer.

Par1
Name of user-defined array parameter that contains the abscissa values of the curve data (e.g., time, effective plastic strain, effective strain rate, displacement, etc.).
Par2
Name of user-defined array parameter that contains the ordinate values of the curve data (e.g., damping coefficients, initial yield stress, elastic modulus, force, etc.) corresponding to the abscissa values in Par1.
Note
If the length of Par1 and Par2 are different, the shortest length will be used.
Notes
EDCURVE can be used to define material data curves (e.g., stress-strain) and load data curves file://D:\Documents%20and%20Settings\Administrator\Local%20Settings\Temp\~hh... 20.05.2004
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(force-deflection) associated with material models in an explicit dynamics analysis. Material data specified by this command is typically required to define a particular material behavior (e.g., TB,HONEY), and the LCID number is used as input on the TBDATA command. EDCURVE can also be used to define load curves that represent time dependent loads (force, displacement, velocity, etc.). Par1 must contain the time values, and Par2 must contain the corresponding load values. The LCID number assigned to the load curve can be used as input on the EDLOAD command.
Note
You cannot update a previously defined data curve by changing the array parameters that were input as Par1 and Par2. The data curve definition is written to the database at the time EDCURVE is issued. Therefore, subsequent changes to the array parameters that were used as input on EDCURVE will not affect the load curve definition. If you need to change the load curve definition, you must delete the load curve (EDCURVE,DELE, LCID) and define it again. identifies the data curve. If the value input for LCID is the same as the ID number for a data curve previously defined by EDCURVE, the previous data will be overwritten. Use EDCURVE,LIST and EDCURVE,PLOT to check existing data curves.
LCID
A starting array element number must be specified for Par1 and Par2. The input for these fields must be a single column array parameter, or a specific column from a multi-column array parameter. When using the GUI with multi-column parameters, you must specify the parameter name and starting position for Par1 and Par2 by typing the EDCURVE command in the Input Window. This is because only the parameter name is available through the dialog box, which pulls in the first position of a single-column array parameter. If you need to change a curve definition in an explicit dynamic small restart analysis, issue EDSTART ,2 first (to specify the restart), then issue the EDCURVE command. The revised curve must contain the same number of points as the curve it replaces. This limitation does not apply to a full restart analysis (EDSTART ,3). This command is also valid in SOLUTION.
Menu Paths
Main Menu>Preprocessor>LS-DYNA Options>Loading Options>Curve Options>Add Curve Main Menu>Preprocessor>LS-DYNA Options>Loading Options>Curve Options>Delete Curve Main Menu>Preprocessor>LS-DYNA Options>Loading Options>Curve Options>List Curve Main Menu>Preprocessor>LS-DYNA Options>Loading Options>Curve Options>Plot Curve Main Menu>Preprocessor>Loads>Other>Change Mat Props>Curve Options>Add Curve Main Menu>Preprocessor>Loads>Other>Change Mat Props>Curve Options>Delete Curve Main Menu>Preprocessor>Loads>Other>Change Mat Props>Curve Options>List Curve Main Menu>Preprocessor>Loads>Other>Change Mat Props>Curve Options>Plot Curve Main Menu>Preprocessor>Material Props>Curve Options>Add Curve Main Menu>Preprocessor>Material Props>Curve Options>Delete Curve Main Menu>Preprocessor>Material Props>Curve Options>List Curve Main Menu>Preprocessor>Material Props>Curve Options>Plot Curve
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E Commands Main Menu>Solution>Other>Change Mat Props>Curve Options>Add Curve Main Menu>Solution>Other>Change Mat Props>Curve Options>Delete Curve Main Menu>Solution>Other>Change Mat Props>Curve Options>List Curve Main Menu>Solution>Other>Change Mat Props>Curve Options>Plot Curve Main Menu>Solution>Loading Options>Curve Options>Add Curve Main Menu>Solution>Loading Options>Curve Options>Delete Curve Main Menu>Solution>Loading Options>Curve Options>List Curve Main Menu>Solution>Loading Options>Curve Options>Plot Curve
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Prev EDCTS Prev EDDAMP E Commands
Next EDDAMP Next
EDDAMP
Name
EDDAMP, PART, LCID, VALDMP Defines mass weighted (Alpha) or stiffness weighted (Beta) damping for an explicit dynamics model. group: SOLUTION:Explicit Dynamics product: DY ED
PART
PART number [EDPART] identifying the group of elements to which damping should be applied. If PART = ALL (default), damping is applied to the entire model.
LCID
Load curve ID (previously defined with the EDCURVE command) identifying the damping coefficient versus time curve. If time-dependent damping is defined, an LCID is required.
VALDMP
Constant system damping coefficient or a scale factor applied to the curve defining damping coefficient versus time.
Notes
Mass-weighted (Alpha) or stiffness-weighted (Beta) damping can be defined with the EDDAMP command. Generally, stiffness proportional or beta damping is effective for oscillatory motion at
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high frequencies. This type of damping is orthogonal to rigid body motion and so will not damp out rigid body motion. On the other hand, mass proportional or alpha damping is more effective for low frequencies and will damp out rigid body motion. The different possibilities are described below:
Global Damping
Mass-weighted or Alpha damping When PART = (blank) or ALL (default), mass-weighted global damping can be defined in the following two ways. In this case, the same damping is applied for the entire structure.
?
When the damping coefficient versus time curve (LCID) is specified using the EDCURVE command, VALDMP is ignored by LS-DYNA (although it is written in the LS-DYNA input file Jobname.K). The damping force applied to each node in the model is given by f d = d(t)mv, where d(t) is the damping coefficient as a function of time defined by the EDCURVE command, m is the mass, and v is the velocity. When the LCID is 0 or blank (default), a constant mass-weighted system damping coefficient can be specified using VALDMP.
The constant and time-dependent damping, described above, cannot be defined simultaneously. The last defined global damping will overwrite any previously defined global damping.
Damping defined for a PART

Mass-weighted or Alpha damping When both a valid PART number is specified and the damping coefficient versus time curve (LCID) is specified using the EDCURVE command, mass-weighted time-dependent damping will be defined for the particular PART. In this case, VALDMP will act as a scaling factor for the damping versus time curve (if VALDMP is not specified, it will default to 1). A valid PART number must be specified to define this type of damping. For example, use PART =1 (and not blank) when the entire model consists of only one PART. Issue the command repeatedly with different PART numbers in order to specify alpha damping for different PARTS. Stiffness-weighted or Beta damping When a valid PART number is specified with LCID = 0 or (blank) (default), a stiffness-weighted (Beta) constant damping coefficient for this particular PART can be defined by VALDMP. The stiffnessweighted value corresponds to the percentage of damping in the high frequency domain. For example, 0.1 roughly corresponds to 10% damping in the high frequency domain. Recommended values range from 0.01 to 0.25. Values lower than 0.01 may have little effect. If a value larger than 0.25 is used, it may be necessary to lower the time step size significantly (see the EDCTS command). Issue the command repeatedly with different PART numbers in order to specify beta damping for different PARTS. Time-dependent stiffness-weighted damping is not available in ANSYS/LS-DYNA. The mass-weighted and stiffness-weighted damping, described above, cannot be defined simultaneously for a particular PART number. The last defined damping for the particular PART number will overwrite any previously defined mass-weighted or stiffness-weighted damping for this PART. In order to define the mass-weighted and stiffness -weighted damping simultaneously, you can use file://D:\Documents%20and%20Settings\Administrator\Local%20Settings\Temp\~hh... 20.05.2004
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the MP,DAMP command (instead of the EDDAMP, PART, ,VALDMP command) to define stiffness-weighted (Beta) constant damping coefficient. However, do not use both of these commands together to define stiffness-weighted (Beta) constant damping coefficient for a particular PART. If you do, duplicate stiffness-weighted (Beta) constant damping coefficients for this PART will be written to the LS-DYNA input file Jobname.K. The last defined value will be used by LS -DYNA. Also, note that the MP,DAMP command is applied on the MAT number, and not on the PART number. Since a group of elements having the same MAT ID may belong to more than one PART (the opposite is not true), you need to issue the MP,DAMP command only once for this MAT ID and the stiffness-weighted (Beta) damping coefficients will be automatically defined for all the PARTs with that MAT ID. Mass-weighted and stiffness-weighted damping can be defined simultaneously using the EDDAMP command only when mass-weighted damping (constant or time-dependent) is defined as global damping (EDDAMP, ALL, LCID, VALDMP) and stiffness-weighted damping is defined for all necessary PARTs (EDDAMP, PART, ,VALDMP). To remove defined global damping, reissue the EDDAMP, ALL command with LCID and VALDMP set to 0. To remove damping defined for a particular PART, reissue EDDAMP, PART, where PART is the PART number, with LCID and VALDMP set to 0. There is no default for the EDDAMP command, i.e., issuing the EDDAMP command with PART = LCID = VALDMP = 0 will result in an error. Stiffness-weighted damping defined by the MP,DAMP command can be deleted using MPDELETE, DAMP, MAT. In an explicit dynamic small restart (EDSTART,2) or full restart analysis (EDSTART,3), you can only specify global alpha damping. This damping will overwrite any alpha damping input in the original analysis. If you do not input global alpha damping in the restart, the damping properties input in the original analysis will carry over to the restart. Damping specified by the EDDAMP command can be listed, along with other explicit dynamics specifications, by typing the command string EDSOLV$STAT into the ANSYS input window. Beta damping specified by the MP,DAMP command can be listed by MPLIST, MAT command. This command is also valid in PREP7.
Menu Paths
Main Menu>Preprocessor>Loads>Other>Change Mat Props>Damping Main Menu>Preprocessor>Material Props>Damping Main Menu>Solution>Other>Change Mat Props>Damping
Prev EDCURVE Prev EDDC E Commands
Next EDDC Next
EDDC
Name
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EDDC, Option, Ctype, Cont, Targ Deletes or deactivates/reactivates contact surface specifications in an explicit dynamic analysis. group: PREP7:Explicit Dynamics product: DY ED
Option
Option to be performed for contact definition specified by Ctype, Cont, and Targ. DELE -Delete the specified contact definition (default); valid only in a new analysis. DACT -Deactivate the specified contact definition; valid only in a small restart. RACT -Reactivate the specified contact definition (which was previously deactivated); valid only in a small restart.
Ctype
Contact behavior label (see EDCGEN command for valid labels).

Cont
Component name or part number [EDPART] identifying the contact surface.

Targ
Component name or part number [EDPART] identifying the target surface.
Notes
This command allows you to delete or deactivate/reactivate a particular contact specification that was defined by EDCGEN. The contact definition is identified by Ctype, Cont, and Targ (Note that Cont and Targ may not be required for Ctype = AG, SE, ASSC, ESS, and SS). The delete option (Option = DELE) permanently deletes the contact from the database. Any additional contact parameters defined with the EDCMORE command for the contact definition identified on this command will also be deleted or deactivated/reactivated. You cannot delete contact specifications in an explicit dynamic small restart (EDSTART ,2). However, you can use Option = DACT to deactivate a contact definition that is not needed in the small restart. That contact definition may then be reactivated in a subsequent small restart by using Option = RACT. To delete or deactivate/reactivate all contact specifications for the entire model, use file://D:\Documents%20and%20Settings\Administrator\Local%20Settings\Temp\~hh... 20.05.2004
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The EDDC command is not supported in an explicit dynamic full restart analysis (EDSTART ,3). Thus, you cannot delete, deactivate, or reactivate contact specifications in a full restart that were defined in the previous analysis. This command is also valid in SOLUTION.
Menu Paths
Main Menu>Preprocessor>LS-DYNA Options>Contact>Activate Entity Main Menu>Preprocessor>LS-DYNA Options>Contact>Deactvate Entity Main Menu>Preprocessor>LS-DYNA Options>Contact>Delete Entity
Prev EDDAMP Prev EDDRELAX E Commands
Next EDDRELAX Next
EDDRELAX
Name
EDDRELAX, Option, NRCYCK, DRTOL, DFFCTR, DRTERM, TSSFDR Activates initialization to a prescribed geometry or dynamic relaxation for the explicit analysis. group: SOLUTION:Explicit Dynamics product: DY ED
Option
Specifies when dynamic relaxation is activated. ANSYS -Stresses are initialized in ANSYS/LS-DYNA to a prescribed geometry for small strains, according to the solution of an ANSYS (implicit) run. The explicit solution is based on the implicit X,Y,Z displacements and rotations contained in the drelax file (created with the REXPORT command). DYNA -Dynamic relaxation is on. When you use this option, you can specify some or all of the parameters NRCYCK, DRTOL, DFFCTR, DRTERM, and TSSFDR. Any parameters that you do not specify are set to their default values.
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Turn off initialization to a prescribed geometry ( Option = ANSYS) or dynamic relaxation ( Option = DYNA).
NRCYCK
Number of iterations between convergence checks for dynamic relaxation option. Default = 250.
DRTOL
Convergence tolerance for dynamic relaxation option. Default = 0.001.

DFFCTR
Dynamic relaxation factor. Default = 0.995.

DRTERM
Optional termination time for dynamic relaxation. Termination occurs at this time, or when convergence is attained, whichever comes first. Default = infinity.
TSSFDR
Scale factor for computed time step during dynamic relaxation. If zero, the value is set to TSSFAC (defined on the EDCTS command). After converging, the scale factor is reset to TSSFAC.
Notes
Use Option = ANSYS when running an implicit-to-explicit sequential solution to initialize the structure to a static solution performed earlier by the ANSYS implicit solver. Use Option = DYNA to perform dynamic relaxation within the LS-DYNA program. Use Option = OFF to turn off previously specified stress initialization or dynamic relaxation. You must specify the Option you want; there is no default. In LS-DYNA, the dynamic relaxation is performed before the regular transient analysis. The convergence process of the dynamic relaxation is not written to the ANSYS history file. The ANSYS results files only include the converged result of the dynamic relaxation, which is the result at time zero in the Jobname.HIS and Jobname.RST files. You can restart a dynamic relaxation analysis (EDSTART,2 or EDSTART,3) from a previous transient analysis or a previous dynamic relaxation analysis. In the restart, you can change or set the convergence criteria with the EDDRELAX command. Only the load curves that are flagged for dynamic relaxation (PHASE = 1 or 2 on EDLOAD ) are applied after restarting. If you restart the explicit portion of an implicit-to-explicit sequential solution, you do not need to reissue the REXPORT command because displacement information contained in the drelax file is already included in the LS -DYNA restart file. If the dynamic relaxation is activated from a regular transient analysis, LS-DYNA continues the output of data to ANSYS results files. This is unlike the dynamic relaxation phase at the beginning of the calculation for which only the converged solution is written.
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Menu Paths
Main Menu>Solution>Analysis Options>Dynamic Relax
Prev EDDC Prev EDDUMP E Commands
Next EDDUMP Next
EDDUMP
Name
EDDUMP, NUM, DT Specifies output frequency for the explicit dynamic restart file (d3dump). group: SOLUTION:Explicit Dynamics product: DY ED
NUM
Number of d3dump (restart) files written during the analysis (defaults to 1). When you specify NUM, the time interval between restart files is TIME / NUM, where TIME is the analysis end-time specified on the TIME command.
DT
Time interval at which the d3dump (restart) files are written. If NUM is input, DT is ignored.
Command Default
One restart file is written at the end of the analysis.
Notes
You can use NUM or DT to specify the time interval at which d3dump restart files will be written. You should not specify both quantities; if both are input, NUM will be used. The restart files are written sequentially as d3dump01, d3dump02, etc. In LS-DYNA, the restart file output is specified in terms of number of time steps. Because the total number of time steps is not known until the LS-DYNA solution finishes, ANSYS calculates an approximate number of time steps for the solution, and then uses NUM or DT to calculate the required LS-DYNA input. This approximated number of time steps may be different from the total number reached in LS -DYNA after the solution finishes. Therefore, the number of restart dump files or the output interval may differ slightly from what you requested using NUM or DT .
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In an explicit dynamic small restart (EDSTART,2) or full restart analysis (EDSTART,3), the EDDUMP setting will default to the NUM or DT value used in the original analysis. You can issue EDDUMP in the restart to change this setting. This command is also valid in PREP7.
Menu Paths
Main Menu>Solution>Output Controls>File Output Freq>Number of Steps Main Menu>Solution>Output Controls>File Output Freq>Time Step Size
Prev EDDRELAX Prev EDELE E Commands
Next EDELE Next
EDELE
Name
EDELE, IEL1, IEL2, INC Deletes selected elements from the model. group: PREP7:Elements product: MP ME ST DY PR EM FL PP ED
IEL1, IEL2, INC
Delete elements from IEL1 to IEL2 (defaults to IEL1) in steps of INC (defaults to 1). If IEL1 = ALL, IEL2 and INC are ignored and all selected elements [ ESEL] are deleted. If IEL1 = P, graphical picking is enabled and all remaining command fields are ignored (valid only in the GUI). A component name may also be substituted for IEL1 (IEL2 and INC are ignored).
Notes
Deleted elements are replaced by null or "blank" elements. Null elements are used only for retaining the element numbers so that the element numbering sequence for the rest of the model is not changed by deleting elements. Null elements may be removed (although this is not necessary) with the NUMCMP command. If related element data (pressures, etc.) are also to be deleted, delete that data before deleting the elements. EDELE is for unattached elements only. You can use the xCLEAR family of commands to remove any attached elements from the database.
Menu Paths
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Prev EDDUMP Prev EDENERGY E Commands
Next EDENERGY Next
EDENERGY
Name
EDENERGY, HGEN, SWEN, SIEN, RLEN Specifies energy dissipation controls for an explicit dynamics analysis. group: SOLUTION:Explicit Dynamics product: DY ED
HGEN
Hourglass energy control key: OFF or 0 -Hourglass energy is not computed. ON or 1 -Hourglass energy is computed and included in the energy balance (default).
SWEN
Stonewall energy dissipation control key: OFF or 0 -Stonewall energy dissipation is not computed. ON or 1 -Stonewall energy dissipation is computed and included in the energy balance (default).
SIEN
Sliding interface energy dissipation control key:
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Sliding interface energy dissipation is computed and included in the energy balance (default).
RLEN
Rayleigh (damping) energy dissipation control key: OFF or 0 -Rayleigh energy dissipation is not computed. ON or 1 -Rayleigh energy dissipation is computed and included in the energy balance (default).
Notes
Menu Paths
Main Menu>Solution>Analysis Options>Energy Options
Prev EDELE Prev EDFPLOT E Commands
Next EDFPLOT Next
EDFPLOT
Name
EDFPLOT , Key Allows plotting of explicit dynamics forces and other load symbols. group: SOLUTION:Explicit Dynamics product: DY ED
Key
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E Commands Load symbol plotting key. ON or 1 -Turn display of load symbols on (default). OFF or 0 -Turn display of load symbols off.
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Command Default
Display of load symbols on.
Notes
You must issue EDFPLOT,ON to display explicit dymanics load symbols. The explicit load symbols are erased automatically upon a subsequent plot command. An explicit load symbol always indicates a positive load direction (e.g., positive X direction for FX load), even if the load value is negative. The load symbol does not reflect the load magnitude. You can use standard ANSYS symbol controls to control the appearance of the load symbol. No load symbol is displayed for temperature loads. This command is also valid in PREP7.
Menu Paths
Main Menu>Preprocessor>LS-DYNA Options>Loading Options>Show Forces Main Menu>Solution>Loading Options>Show Forces Utility Menu>PlotCtrls>Symbols
Prev EDENERGY Prev /EDGE E Commands
Next /EDGE Next
/EDGE
Name
/EDGE, WN, KEY, ANGLE Displays only the "edges" of an object. group: GRAPHICS:Style product: MP ME ST DY PR EM FL PP ED
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WN

KEY
Edge key: Elements Plots 0 -Display common lines between all adjacent element faces. 1 -Display only the common lines between non-coplanar faces (that is, show only the edges). Contour Plots 0 -Display only the common lines between non-coplanar faces. 1 -Display common lines between all element faces.
ANGLE
Largest angle between two faces for which the faces are considered to be coplanar (0 to 180). Defaults to 45. A smaller angle produces more edges, a larger angle produces fewer edges.
Command Default
For element plots, display common lines between all adjacent element faces. For contour plots, display only the common lines between non-coplanar faces.
Notes
Lines common to adjacent "coplanar" element faces are removed from the display. An angle may be input to define what deviation from true coplanar (0) faces is accepted as coplanar. Thus, a surface can be displayed as an edge outline without interior detail. This is useful for both geometry and postprocessing displays. Element outlines are normally shown as solid lines for geometry and displacement displays. Midside nodes of elements are ignored. The /SHRINK option is ignored with the edge option. /EDGE is not supported for PLESOL and /ESHAPE displays when in PowerGraphics mode [/GRAPHICS,POWER]. The /EDGE command is valid in any processor.
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Menu Paths
Utility Menu>PlotCtrls>Style>Edge Options
Prev EDFPLOT Prev EDHGLS E Commands
Next EDHGLS Next
EDHGLS
Name
EDHGLS , HGCO Specifies the hourglass coefficient for an explicit dynamics analysis. group: SOLUTION:Explicit Dynamics product: DY ED
HGCO
Hourglass coefficient value (defaults to 0.1). Values greater than 0.15 may cause instabilities.
Notes
Menu Paths
Main Menu>Preprocessor>Loads>Other>Change Mat Props>Hourglass Ctrls>Global Main Menu>Preprocessor>Material Props>Hourglass Ctrls>Global Main Menu>Solution>Other>Change Mat Props>Hourglass Ctrls>Global Main Menu>Solution>Analysis Options>Hourglass Ctrls>Global
Prev /EDGE Prev EDHIST E Commands
Next EDHIST Next
EDHIST
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Name
EDHIST, Comp Specifies time-history output for an explicit dynamic analysis. group: SOLUTION:Explicit Dynamics product: DY ED
Comp
Name of the component containing nodes or elements for which output is desired. Comp is required.
Command Default
No time-history output is written.
Notes
The time-history output is written to the file Jobname.HIS. Output is written only for the nodes or elements contained in Comp. The data is written at time intervals specified on the EDHTIME command. If no time interval is specified, output is written at 1000 steps over the analysis. (See also the EDOUT command which controls time-history output in ascii form for an explicit dynamics analysis.) Use EDHIST,LIST to list the time-history output specification. (The listing will include output requested with the EDOUT command.) Use EDHIST,DELE to delete the time-history output specification. is a binary file that is read by the ANSYS time-history postprocessor (POST26). If LSDYNA output has been requested on the EDWRITE command [EDWRITE ,LSDYNA or EDWRITE,BOTH], the file D3THDT will also be written. D3THDT is a binary file that is read by the LS-POST postprocessor.
Jobname.HIS
Menu Paths
Main Menu>Solution>Output Controls>Select Component
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Next EDHTIME Next
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EDHTIME
Name
EDHTIME, NSTEP, DT Specifies the time-history output interval for an explicit dynamics analysis. group: SOLUTION:Explicit Dynamics product: DY ED
NSTEP
Number of steps at which output is written to the time-history file, Jobname.HIS, and the ASCII output files. Defaults to 1000. The time increment between output is TIME / NSTEP, where TIME is the analysis end-time specified on the TIME command.
DT
Time interval at which output is written to the time-history file, Jobname.HIS, and the ASCII output files. If NSTEP is input, DT is ignored.
Command Default
Time-history output is written at 1000 steps over the analysis.
Notes
EDHTIME controls the number of steps at which output will be written to the time-history file, Jobname.HIS (see the EDHIST command), and any ASCII files requested on the EDOUT command. You can use NSTEP or DT to specify the output interval. You should not specify both quantities; if both are input, NSTEP will be used. In an explicit dynamic small restart (EDSTART,2) or full restart analysis (EDSTART,3), the EDHTIME setting will default to the NSTEP or DT value used in the original analysis. You can issue EDHTIME in the restart to change this setting. This command is also valid in PREP7.
Menu Paths
Prev EDHIST
Next EDINT
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Prev
Next
EDINT
Name
EDINT, SHELLIP, BEAMIP Specifies number of integration points for explicit shell and beam output. group: SOLUTION:Explicit Dynamics product: DY ED
SHELLIP
Number of shell integration points used for output (defaults to 3). For element SHELL163, each integration point is associated with a layer. SHELLIP must be 3. If SHELLIP = 3, results are written for the shell top, middle, and bottom. If SHELLIP>3, then the results for the first SHELLIP layers are written.
BEAMIP
Number of beam integration points used for stress output for BEAM161 (defaults to 4).
Command Default
For SHELL163, output is available for the top, middle and bottom layers. For BEAM161, stress is available at 4 integration points (top-front, top-back, bottom-front, bottom-back). For the resultant beam formulation (KEYOPT(1) = 2), there is no stress output.
Notes
The number of integration points is defined by the element real constant NIP for both the beam elements (in the cross section) and the shell elements (through the thickness).. For shell elements that have only 1 or 2 integration points (NIP = 1 or 2), use the default of SHELLIP = 3. If NIP = 1, the same results are reported at the top, middle, and bottom layers. If the NIP = 2, the results at the bottom correspond to integration point 1, the results at the top correspond to integration point 2, and the results at the middle are an average of the top and bottom results. For shell elements with 2x2 integration points in the plane, the data from the four points are averaged, and there is a single output value for each layer. If you set BEAMIP = 0, no stress output is written for BEAM161 elements. In this case, the beams will not appear in any POST1 plots because the program assumes they are failed elements.
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Menu Paths
Main Menu>Solution>Output Controls>Integ Pt Storage
Prev EDHTIME Prev EDIPART E Commands
Next EDIPART Next
EDIPART
Name
EDIPART, PART, Option, Cvect, TM, IRCS, Ivect, Vvect, CID Defines inertia for rigid parts in an explicit dynamics analysis. group: PREP7:Explicit Dynamics product: DY ED
PART
Part number for which the inertia is defined (the part number must have been previously generated using the EDPART command). The part should be composed of a rigid material (EDMP,RIGID). For Option = ADD, you must input a value; there is no default. For Option = DELE or LIST, PART defaults to all parts.
Option
ADD -Define inertia for the specified PART (default). DELE -Delete the inertia properties for the specified PART. The remaining fields are ignored. If PART is blank, inertia properties previously specified using EDIPART are deleted for all rigid parts. LIST -List the inertia properties for the specified PART. The remaining fields are ignored. If PART is blank, inertia properties are listed for all rigid parts.
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The vector containing the global Cartesian coordinates of the center of mass for the part. This vector must have been previously defined with a dimension of three (*DIM command) and filled in as shown below. If Cvect is blank, the global Cartesian origin (0,0,0) is used as the center of mass.
Cvect(1)
-- X-coordinate of the center of mass Cvect(2) -- Y-coordinate of the center of mass Cvect(3) -- Z-coordinate of the center of mass
TM
Translation mass (no default, must be defined).

IRCS
Flag for inertia tensor reference coordinate system. 0 (or blank) -Global inertia tensor (default). You must supply all six inertia tensor components (see Ivect). 1 -Principal moments of inertia with orientation vectors. You must supply IXX, IYY, IZZ (see Ivect) and CID.
Ivect
The name of a vector containing the components of the inertia tensor. This vector must have been previously defined (*DIM command) with a dimension of six and filled in as shown below. Vector entries 2, 3, and 5 are ignored if IRCS = 1. There is no default for this vector; it must be specified.
Ivect(1)
-- IXX component of the inertia tensor Ivect(2) -- IXY (set this entry to zero if IRCS = 1) Ivect(3) -- IXZ (set this entry to zero if IRCS = 1) Ivect(4) -- IYY component of the inertia tensor Ivect(5) -- IYZ (set this entry to zero if IRCS = 1) Ivect(6) -- IZZ component of the inertia tensor
Vvect
The name of a vector containing the initial velocity (relative to the global Cartesian coordinate system) of the rigid part. This vector must have been previously defined (*DIM command) with a dimension of six and filled in as shown below. If Vvect is blank, the initial velocity defaults to zero.
Vvect(1)
-- Initial translational velocity of rigid body in X-direction Vvect(2) -- Initial translational velocity of rigid body in Y-direction
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Vvect(3)
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-- Initial translational velocity of rigid body in Z-direction Vvect(4) -- Initial rotational velocity of rigid body about the X-axis Vvect(5) -- Initial rotational velocity of rigid body about the Y-axis Vvect(6) -- Initial rotational velocity of rigid body about the Z-axis
CID
Local coordinate system ID. This coordinate system must have been previously defined with the EDLCS command. You must input CID if IRCS = 1 (no default).
Command Default
Inertia properties are calculated by the program for all rigid parts.
Notes
The EDIPART command applies only to rigid parts (EDMP,RIGID). It allows you to input the inertia properties for the rigid part rather than having the program calculate the properties from the finite element mesh. This command is also valid in Solution.
Menu Paths
Main Menu>Preprocessor>LS-DYNA Options>Inertia Options>Define Inertia Main Menu>Preprocessor>LS-DYNA Options>Inertia Options>Delete Inertia Main Menu>Preprocessor>LS-DYNA Options>Inertia Options>List Inertia
Prev EDINT Prev EDIS E Commands
Next EDIS Next
EDIS
Name
EDIS, Option, PIDN, PIDO Specifies stress initialization in an explicit dynamic full restart analysis. group: SOLUTION:Explicit Dynamics product: DY ED
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Option
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Label identifying the option to be performed. ADD -Define stress initialization between parts (default). DELE -Delete stress initialization between parts. LIST -List stress initialization between parts.
PIDN
New part ID or part assembly ID in the full restart analysis (defaults to all parts in the model).
PIDO
Old part ID or part assembly ID in the previous analysis, (default to PIDN).
Command Default
No stress initialization is performed.
Notes
The EDIS command is only valid in an explicit dynamic full restart analysis (EDSTART ,3). (EDIS is ignored if it is not preceded by the EDSTART,3 command.) Use EDIS to specify which parts and/or part assemblies should undergo stress initialization in the restart based on the stresses from the previous analysis. You can specify stress initialization for multiple parts (or part assemblies) by issuing EDIS multiple times. If you issue EDIS with no arguments, stress initialization is performed for all parts in the restart analysis that have a corresponding part (having the same part ID) in the previous analysis. In a full restart analysis, the complete database is written as an LS-DYNA input file, Jobname_nn.K. When the LS-DYNA solution begins, LS-DYNA performs the stress initialization using file Jobname_nn.K and the restart dump file ( d3dumpnn specified on the EDSTART command) from the previous analysis. At the end of initialization, all the parts that were specified by the EDIS commands are initialized from the data saved in the restart dump file. In order for the stress initialization to be performed successfully, the new parts in the full restart analysis and the old parts in the previous analysis must have the same number of elements, same element order, and same element topology. (The parts may have different identifying numbers.) If this is not the case, the stresses cannot be initialized. If part assemblies are used, the part assemblies must contain the same number of parts. (See A Full Restart in the ANSYS/LS-DYNA User's Guide for more details).
Menu Paths
Main Menu>Solution>Analysis Options>Initial Stress
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Prev EDIPART Prev EDLCS E Commands
Next EDLCS Next
EDLCS
Name
EDLCS, Option, CID, X1, Y1, Z1, X2, Y2, Z2 Defines a local coordinate system for use in explicit dynamics analysis. group: PREP7:Explicit Dynamics product: DY ED
Option
Label identifying the option to be performed: ADD -Define a coordinate system (default). DELE -Delete a coordinate system. If CID is blank, all coordinate systems are deleted. LIST -List defined coordinate systems. If CID is blank, all coordinate systems are listed.
CID
Coordinate system ID.

X1, Y1, Z1
X, Y, and Z coordinates of a point on the local x-axis.

X2, Y2, Z2
X, Y, and Z coordinates of a point on the local x-y plane.
Notes
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Local coordinate systems defined by this command are used in an explicit dynamic analysis. For example, a local coordinate system may be used when defining orthotropic material properties (see EDMP). The origin of the local coordinate system is assumed to be at the global origin (0,0,0). The coordinate system is defined by 2 vectors, one from the origin to a point on the x-axis ( X1, Y1, Z1), and one from the origin to a point on the x-y plane ( X2, Y2, Z2). The cross product of these two vectors determines the z-axis, and the cross product of the z-axis vector and x-axis vector determines the y-axis.
The x-axis vector and the xy vector should be separated by a reasonable angle to avoid numerical inaccuracies. When you use the local coordinate system (defined by the EDLCS command) to define a load using the EDLOAD command, the direction of the load is from ( X1, Y1, Z1) to ( X2, Y2, Z2). This command is also valid in SOLUTION.
Menu Paths
Main Menu>Preprocessor>LS-DYNA Options>Constraints>Apply>Local CS>Create Local CS Main Menu>Preprocessor>LS-DYNA Options>Constraints>Apply>Local CS>Delete Main Menu>Preprocessor>LS-DYNA Options>Constraints>Apply>Local CS>List Main Menu>Preprocessor>Loads>Other>Change Mat Props>Local CS>Create Local CS Main Menu>Preprocessor>Loads>Other>Change Mat Props>Local CS>Delete Main Menu>Preprocessor>Loads>Other>Change Mat Props>Local CS>List Main Menu>Preprocessor>Material Props>Local CS>Create Local CS Main Menu>Preprocessor>Material Props>Local CS>Delete Main Menu>Preprocessor>Material Props>Local CS>List Main Menu>Solution>Other>Change Mat Props>Local CS>Create Local CS Main Menu>Solution>Other>Change Mat Props>Local CS>Delete Main Menu>Solution>Other>Change Mat Props>Local CS>List Main Menu>Solution>Constraints>Apply>Local CS>Create Local CS Main Menu>Solution>Constraints>Apply>Local CS>Delete Main Menu>Solution>Constraints>Apply>Local CS>List
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E Commands Prev EDIS Prev EDLOAD E Commands
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EDLOAD
Name
EDLOAD, Option, Lab , KEY, Cname, Par1, Par2, PHASE, LCID, SCALE, BTIME, DTIME Specifies loads for an explicit dynamics analysis. group: SOLUTION:Explicit Dynamics product: DY ED
Option
Label identifying the load option to be performed. ADD -Define a load (default). If Option = ADD, Cname must be a valid node or element component name (or PART number). You must also specify a load curve using Par1 and Par2 (previously defined array parameters) or LCID (a previously defined load curve). DELE -Delete specified load. If Lab and Cname are blank, all loads are deleted. Par1, Par2, PHASE, and LCID are ignored for this option. LIST -List specified load. If Lab and Cname are blank, all loads are listed. Par1, Par2, PHASE, and LCID are ignored for this option.
Lab
Valid load labels for loads applied to nodes: FX, FY, FZ -Forces. MX, MY, MZ -Moments.
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E Commands UX, UY, UZ -Displacements. ROTX, ROTY, ROTZ -Rotations. VX, VY, VZ -Velocities. OMGX, OMGY, OMGZ -Angular velocities. AX, AY, AZ -Accelerations (on nodes). ACLX, ACLY, ACLZ -Base accelerations. TEMP -Temperature. Valid load labels for loads applied to elements: PRESS -Pressure (applied to an element). Valid load labels for loads applied to rigid bodies: RBFX, RBFY, RBFZ -Forces on rigid bodies. RBMX, RBMY, RBMZ -Moments on rigid bodies. RBUX, RBUY, RBUZ -Displacements on rigid bodies. RBRX, RBRY, RBRZ -Rotations on rigid bodies. RBVX, RBVY, RBVZ -Velocities on rigid bodies.
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E Commands RBOX, RBOY, RBOZ -Angular velocities on rigid bodies.

KEY
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When Lab = PRESS, KEY = Load key (face number) associated with a surface pressure load. Load keys (1,2,3, etc.) are listed under "Surface Loads" in the input data tables for each element type in the ANSYS Elements Reference. For most other values of Lab, KEY is a coordinate system identification number, CID. The load acts in a direction from ( X1, Y1, Z1) to ( X2, Y2, Z2) defined by the EDLCS command. If the load is in the global coordinate system, set KEY equal to zero, or leave it blank. Some load types do not support the CID key; see Birth Time, Death Time, and CID Support in the Notes section for more information. For Lab = PRESS, KEY defaults to 1 when KEY is blank or when KEY = zero. For all other values of Lab, KEY defaults to zero.
Cname
Name of existing component [CM] or PART number [EDPART] to which this load is to be applied. For all load labels except the pressure load ( Lab = PRESS) and the rigid body loads (Lab = RB xx), the component must consist of nodes. For pressure loads, the component must consist of elements. For rigid body loads, a part number must be input instead of a component name. The part number must correspond to a set of elements that has been identified as a rigid body [EDMP,RIGID, MAT].
Par1
Name of user-defined array parameter that contains the time values of the load.
Par2
Name of user-defined array parameter that contains the "data" values of the load corresponding to the time values in Par1.
Note
If the length of Par1 and Par2 are different, the shortest length will be used.
PHASE
Phase of the analysis in which the load curve is to be used. 0 -Curve is used in transient analysis only (default). 1 -Curve is used in stress initialization or dynamic relaxation only. 2 -file://D:\Documents%20and%20Settings\Administrator\Local%20Settings\Temp\~hh... 20.05.2004
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Curve is used in both stress initialization (or dynamic relaxation) and transient analysis.
LCID
Data curve ID number representing the load curve to be applied. The load curve must have been previously defined using the EDCURVE command. If LCID is specified, Par1 and Par2 must be left blank (in the GUI, select None for Par1 and Par2).
SCALE
Load curve scale factor applied to the specified load curve. The scale value is applied to the data in Par2 or to the ordinate data in the load curve specified by LCID.
BTIME
Birth time, or time when imposed motion is activated. The default is 0.0. Some load types do not support birth and death time; see Birth Time, Death Time, and CID Support in the Notes section for more information.
DTIME
Death time, or time when imposed motion is removed. The default is 1 x 1038 . Some load types do not support birth and death time; see Birth Time, Death Time, and CID Support in the Notes section for more information.
Notes
If a component name is input (Cname) and the specified component definition is changed before the SOLVE command, the last definition will be used. You can specify the load data by inputing LCID (the ID number of a previously defined load curve) or by inputing the two array parameters Par1 and Par2 (which contain time and load values, repspectively). The input for Par1 and Par2 may be a single column array parameter, or a specific column from a multi-column array parameter. A starting array element number can be specified for Par1 and Par2; if none is specified, array element 1 is used by default.
Note
You cannot update a previously defined load by changing the array parameters that were input as Par1 and Par2. The load definition is written to the database at the time EDLOAD is issued. Therefore, subsequent changes to the array parameters that were used as input on EDLOAD will not affect the load curve definition. If you need to change the load definition, you must delete the load (EDLOAD ,DELE) and define it again. EDLOAD automatically assigns a load number to each defined load. Use EDLOAD,LIST to obtain a list of loads and their corresponding load numbers. You can plot a load curve by inputing the load number on the EDPL command. The load numbers may change when loads are deleted (EDLOAD ,DELE). Therefore, you should obtain a current list of load numbers (EDLOAD ,LIST) before plotting a load curve. For prescribed motion, we recommend that you specify velocity time histories instead of
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displacement time histories. Also, you should not specify non-zero initial displacements. A piecewise linear displacement time history may lead to discontinuous velocities and infinite accelerations. For Lab = OMGX, OMGY, and OMGZ, you may need to specify the origin location of the acceleration coordinate system [CGLOC]. When applying a temperature load ( Lab = TEMP), you may also need to define a reference temperature via the TREF command. The thermal loading is defined as the difference between the applied temperature and the reference temperature. Note that EDLOAD ,LIST will list only the temperature values specified on EDLOAD , not the temperature difference. When applying loads to axisymmetric PLANE162 elements, the load may be interpreted differently depending on whether you use the area weighted or volume weighted option (KEYOPT(2)). See the PLANE162 element description in the ANSYS Elements Reference for details. Use PHASE = 0 when you are using the LS-DYNA solver to conduct a transient explicit analysis only or when you are conducting a sequential implicit/explicit analysis, in which the ANSYS (implicit) resulting displacements (stored in the `drelax' file from the REXPORT command) are used to preload the explicit model [EDDRELAX,ANSYS] Use PHASE = 1 or 2 when you need to use LS -DYNA to preload the model (as opposed to ANSYS) before running the transient portion of the analysis. PHASE = 1 applies the load initially and then immediately removes the load. As a result, the load is removed, and the structure vibrates freely. PHASE = 2 applies the load and then continues to apply the load over the course of the transient analysis, so that the transient analysis includes the effect of the initial loading and continues to account for the initial loading. Birth and Death times, as well as the CID key are supported only for the EDLOAD labels specified with a Yes in the following table. Birth Time, Death Time, and CID Support EDLOAD Label Birth Time Death Time KEY = CID FX, FY, FZ No No Yes MX, MY, MZ No No Yes UX, UY, UZ Yes Yes Yes ROTX, ROTY, ROTZ Yes Yes Yes VX, VY, VZ Yes Yes Yes OMGX, OMGY, OMGZ No No No AX, AY, AZ Yes Yes Yes ACLX, ACLY, ACLZ No No No TEMP No No No PRESS Yes No No RBFX, RBFY, RBFZ No No Yes RBMX, RBMY, RBMZ No No Yes RBUX, RBUY, RBUZ Yes Yes Yes RBRX, RBRY, RBRZ Yes Yes Yes
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E Commands RBVX, RBVY, RBVZ RBOX, RBOY, RBOZ Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes
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Menu Paths
Main Menu>Preprocessor>LS-DYNA Options>Loading Options>Delete Loads>Delete All Main Menu>Preprocessor>LS-DYNA Options>Loading Options>Delete Loads>Delete Individ Main Menu>Preprocessor>LS-DYNA Options>Loading Options>Specify Loads Main Menu>Solution>Loading Options>Delete Loads>Delete All Main Menu>Solution>Loading Options>Delete Loads>Delete Individ Main Menu>Solution>Loading Options>Specify Loads
Prev EDLCS Prev EDMP E Commands
Next EDMP Next
EDMP
Name
EDMP, Lab, MAT, VAL1, VAL2, VAL3, VAL4, VAL5, VAL6 Defines material properties for an explicit dynamics analysis. group: PREP7:Explicit Dynamics product: DY ED
Lab
Valid material property label. Applicable labels are listed under "Material Properties" in the input table for each explicit dynamics element type in the ANSYS Elements Reference. HGLS -Hourglass and bulk viscosity properties (valid for PLANE162, SHELL163 and SOLID164 using reduced integration). VAL1 through VAL6 are also used. For those elements using full integration, HGLS is not applicable and the input has no effect. RIGID -Rigid body constraint (valid for LINK160, BEAM161, PLANE162, SHELL163, and SOLID164). VAL1 and VAL2 are also used. file://D:\Documents%20and%20Settings\Administrator\Local%20Settings\Temp\~hh... 20.05.2004
E Commands CABLE -Cable properties (valid for LINK167). VAL1 is optional input (see Notes). ORTHO --
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Orthotropic material properties (valid for PLANE162, SHELL163 and SOLID164). VAL1 is also used. FLUID -Fluid properties (valid for PLANE162 and SOLID164). VAL1 is optional input (see Notes).
MAT
Material reference number (defaults to the current MAT setting on MAT command).
VAL1, VAL2, VAL3, VAL4, VAL5, VAL6
Additional input for specified Lab material property. The meaning of VAL1 through VAL6 will vary, depending on Lab. See the table below for VAL1 through VAL6 definitions.
VAL1-VAL6
Definitions
Additional input for hourglass and bulk viscosity properties ( Lab = HGLS). VAL1 -Hourglass control type. For solid elements (PLANE162 and SOLID164), 5 options are available. For quadrilateral shell and membrane elements (SHELL163) with reduced integration, the hourglass control is based on the formulation of Belytschko and Tsay; i.e., options 1-3 are identical and options 4-5 are identical. 0, 1 -Standard LS-DYNA viscous form (default). 2 -Flanagan-Belytschko viscous form. 3 -Flanagan-Belytschko viscous form with exact volume integration for solid elements. 4 -Flanagan-Belytschko stiffness form. 5 -Flanagan-Belytschko stiffness form with exact volume integration for solid elements. file://D:\Documents%20and%20Settings\Administrator\Local%20Settings\Temp\~hh... 20.05.2004
E Commands VAL2 --
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Hourglass coefficient. (Defaults to 0.1.) Values greater than 0.15 may cause instabilities. The recommended default applies to all options. The stiffness forms can stiffen the response (especially if deformations are large) and, therefore, should be used with care. For the shell and membrane elements, the value input for VAL1 is the membrane hourglass coefficient. VAL5 and VAL6 can also be input, but generally VAL2 = VAL5 = VAL6 is adequate. VAL3 -Quadratic bulk viscosity coefficient. (Defaults to 1.5.) VAL4 -Linear bulk viscosity coefficient. (Defaults to 0.06.) VAL5 -Hourglass coefficient for shell bending. (Defaults to VAL2.) VAL6 -Hourglass coefficient for shell warping. (Defaults to VAL2.) Additional input for rigid body constraint ( Lab = RIGID). VAL1 -Translational constraint parameter (relative to global Cartesian coordinates). 0 -No constraints (default). 1 -Constrained X displacement. 2 -Constrained Y displacement. 3 -Constrained Z displacement. 4 -Constrained X and Y displacements. 5 -Constrained Y and Z displacements.
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E Commands 6 -Constrained Z and X displacements. 7 -Constrained X, Y, and Z displacements. VAL2 -Rotational constraint parameter (relative to global Cartesian coordinates). 0 -No constraints (default). 1 -Constrained X rotation. 2 -Constrained Y rotation. 3 -Constrained Z rotation. 4 -Constrained X and Y rotations. 5 -Constrained Y and Z rotations. 6 -Constrained Z and X rotations. 7 -Constrained X, Y, and Z rotations. Additional input for cable properties ( Lab = CABLE). VAL1 --
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Load curve ID defining engineering stress versus engineering strain (i.e., change in length over the initial length). If VAL1 and Young's modulus [ MP,EX] are input, the load curve corresponding to VAL1 will be used and Young's modulus will be ignored. Additional input for orthotropic material properties ( Lab = ORTHO). VAL1 --
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Coordinate system ID number from the EDLCS command. This coordinate system will be used to orient the orthotropic materials associated with the material number, MAT. Additional input for fluid material properties ( Lab = FLUID). VAL1 -Bulk modulus of fluid. If VAL1 is not input, the bulk modulus will be calculated from the elastic modulus (EX) and Poisson's ratio (NUXY).
Notes
For Lab = RIGID, you must specify elastic modulus (EX), density (DENS), and Poisson's ratio (NUXY) [MP command]. For Lab = CABLE, you must specify density (DENS) and one of the following: Young's modulus (EX) or an engineering stress-strain curve ( VAL1). For Lab = FLUID, you must specify either the bulk modulus ( VAL1) or both Young's modulus (EX) and Poisson's ratio (NUXY) (if all three are specified, only VAL1 will be used). After you define a rigid body using EDMP,RIGID, you may assign inertia properties to that rigid body using the EDIPART command. EDMP,ORTHO is required for orthotropic material properties that are not aligned with the global Cartesian coordinate system. Via the GUI, Lab = RIGID, CABLE, ORTHO, and FLUID are available through the material model interface. See Defining Explicit Dynamics Material Models in the ANSYS/LS-DYNA User's Guide for more information. Use the MPLIST and MPDELE commands to list and delete materials defined by the EDMP command. This command is also valid in SOLUTION.
Menu Paths
Main Menu>Preprocessor>Loads>Other>Change Mat Props>Hourglass Ctrls>Local Main Menu>Preprocessor>Material Props>Hourglass Ctrls>Local Main Menu>Solution>Other>Change Mat Props>Hourglass Ctrls>Local Main Menu>Solution>Analysis Options>Hourglass Ctrls>Local
Prev EDLOAD Prev EDNB E Commands
Next EDNB Next
EDNB
Name
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EDNB, Option, Cname , AD, AS Defines a nonreflecting boundary in an explicit dynamic analysis. group: PREP7:Explicit Dynamics product: DY ED
Option
Label identifying the nonreflecting boundary option to be performed. ADD -Define a nonreflecting boundary (default). DELE -Delete a nonreflecting boundary. LIST -List all defined nonreflecting boundaries (remaining fields are ignored).
Cname
Name of existing nodal component to which the nonreflecting boundary is to be added or deleted. For Option = DELE, use Cname = ALL to delete all defined nonreflecting boundaries.
AD
Activation flag for dilatational waves (dampers normal to waves). 0 -Dilatational activation flag is off (default). 1 -Dilatational activation flag is on.
AS
Activation flag for shear waves (dampers tangent to waves). 0 -Shear activation flag is off (default). 1 -Shear activation flag is on.
Notes
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Nonreflecting boundaries can be defined on the external surfaces of SOLID164 elements that are being used to model an infinite domain. They are typically used in geomechanical applications to limit the size of the model. For example, when a half space is being modeled with a finite geometry, the nonreflecting boundary option can be used to prevent artificial stress wave reflections generated at the boundary from reentering the model and contaminating the results. When using nonreflecting boundaries, you should not constrain the nodes at the boundary; doing so would negate the presence of the dampers. Usually, the large mass of the finite domain is sufficient to resist motion. This command is also valid in SOLUTION.
Menu Paths
Main Menu>Preprocessor>LS-DYNA Options>Constraints>Apply>Non-Refl Bndry Main Menu>Preprocessor>LS-DYNA Options>Constraints>Delete>Non-Refl Bndry>Delete All Main Menu>Preprocessor>LS-DYNA Options>Constraints>Delete>Non-Refl Bndry>Delete Individ Main Menu>Solution>Constraints>Apply>Non-Refl Bndry Main Menu>Solution>Constraints>Delete>Non-Refl Bndry>Delete All Main Menu>Solution>Constraints>Delete>Non-Refl Bndry>Delete Individ
Prev EDMP Prev EDNDTSD E Commands
Next EDNDTSD Next
EDNDTSD
Name
EDNDTSD, Vect1, Vect2 , DATAP, FITPT, Vect3, Vect4, DISP Allows smoothing of noisy data for explicit dynamics analyses and provides a graphical representation of the data. group: PREP7:Explicit Dynamics product: DY ED
Vect1
Name of the first vector that contains the noisy data set (i.e., independent variable). You must create and fill this vector before issuing EDNDTSD .
Vect2
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Name of the second vector that contains the dependent set of data. Must be the same length as the first vector. You must create and fill this vector before issuing EDNDTSD .
DATAP
Number of data points to be fitted, starting from the beginning of the vector. If left blank, the entire vector will be fitted. The maximum number of data points is 100,000 (or greater, depending on the memory of the computer).
FITPT
Order of the fitting curve that will be used as a smooth representation of the data. This number should be less than or equal to the number of the data points. Default (blank) is one-half the number of data points. Maximum number of smoothed data fitting order is the number of data points up to 50. Depending on this number, the smoothed curve will be one of the following: 1 -Curve is the absolute average of all of the data points. 2 -Curve is the least square average of all of the data points. 3 or more -Curve is a polynomial of the order (n-1), where n is the number of data fitting order points.
Vect3
Name of the vector that contains the smoothed data of the independent variable. This vector should have a length equal to or greater than the number of smoothed data points. In batch (command) mode, you must create this vector before issuing the EDNDTSD command. In interactive mode, the GUI automatically creates this vector (if it does not exist). If you do not specify a vector name, the GUI will name the vector smth_ind.
Vect4
Name of the vector that contains the smoothed data of the dependent variable. This vector must be the same length as Vect3. In batch (command) mode, you must create this vector before issuing the EDNDTSD command. In interactive mode, the GUI automatically creates this vector (if it does not exist). If you do not specify a vector name, the GUI will name the vector smth_dep.
DISP
Specifies how you want to display data. No default; you must specify an option. 1 -Unsmoothed data only 2 --
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Notes
You can control the attributes of the graph using standard ANSYS controls (/GRID , /GTHK, /COLOR, etc.). If working interactively, these controls appear in this dialog box for convenience, as well as in their standard dialog boxes. You must always create Vect1 and Vect2 (using *DIM) and fill these vectors before smoothing the data. If you're working interactively, ANSYS automatically creates Vect3 and Vect4, but if you're working in batch (command) mode, you must create Vect3 and Vect4 (using *DIM) before issuing EDNDTSD. Vect3 and Vect4 are then filled automatically by ANSYS. In addition, ANSYS creates an additional TABLE type array that contains the smoothed array and the unsmoothed data to allow for plotting later with *VPLOT. Column 1 in this table corresponds to Vect1, column 2 to Vect2, and column 3 to Vect4. This array is named Vect3_SMOOTH, up to a limit of 32 characters. For example, if the array name is X1, the table name is X1_SMOOTH.
Menu Paths
Main Menu>Preprocessor>LS-DYNA Options>Loading Options>Smooth Data Main Menu>Preprocessor>Loads>Settings>Smooth Data Main Menu>Solution>Settings>Smooth Data Main Menu>Solution>Loading Options>Smooth Data Main Menu>TimeHist Postpro>Smooth Data
Prev EDNB Prev EDNROT E Commands
Next EDNROT Next
EDNROT
Name
EDNROT, Option, CID , Cname, DOF1, DOF2, DOF3, DOF4, DOF5, DOF6 Applies a rotated coordinate nodal constraint in an explicit dynamics analysis. group: PREP7:Explicit Dynamics product: DY ED
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Option
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Label identifying the option to be performed: ADD -Add a rotated nodal coordinate constraint (default). DELE -Delete specified rotated nodal coordinate constraints. LIST -List all rotated nodal coordinate constraints.
CID
Coordinate system ID for which rotated nodal constraints will be added or deleted. The CID must have been previously defined with the EDLCS command. If Option = DELE, use CID = ALL to delete all previously specified nodal constraints.
Cname
Nodal component set to which the rotated coordinate constraint will be applied. Cname must be previously specified using the CM command.
DOF1, DOF2, DOF3, DOF4, DOF5, DOF6
Degrees of freedom for which the rotated nodal constraint will be applied. Valid degree of freedom labels include UX, UY, UZ, ROTX, ROTY, and ROTZ. If DOF1 = ALL, rotated nodal constraints will be applied to all degrees of freedom.
Notes
Constraints applied with EDNROT are zero displacement constraints. This command is also valid in SOLUTION.
Menu Paths
Main Menu>Preprocessor>LS-DYNA Options>Constraints>Apply>Rotated Nodal Main Menu>Preprocessor>LS-DYNA Options>Constraints>Delete>Rotated Nodal>Delete All Main Menu>Preprocessor>LS-DYNA Options>Constraints>Delete>Rotated Nodal>Delete Individ Main Menu>Solution>Constraints>Apply>Rotated Nodal Main Menu>Solution>Constraints>Delete>Rotated Nodal>Delete All Main Menu>Solution>Constraints>Delete>Rotated Nodal>Delete Individ
Prev EDNDTSD
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Prev
Next
EDOPT
Name
EDOPT, Option, --, Value Specifies the type of output for an explicit dynamics analysis. group: SOLUTION:Explicit Dynamics product: DY ED
Option
Label identifying the option to be performed: ADD -Define an output type specification (default). DELE -Delete an output type specification. LIST -List the current output type specification. -This field is reserved for future use.
Value
Label identifying the type of output that the LS-DYNA solver should produce: ANSYS -Write results files for the ANSYS postprocessors (default). The files that will be written are Jobname.RST and Jobname.HIS (see Notes below). LSDYNA -Write results files for the LS-DYNA postprocessor (LS-POST). The files that will be written are D3PLOT, and files specified by EDOUT and EDHIST (see Notes below). BOTH --
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Command Default
Output is written for the ANSYS postprocessors only.
Notes
By default, LS -DYNA will write the ANSYS results file Jobname.RST (see the EDRST command.) If Jobname.HIS is desired, you must also issue EDHIST. = LSDYNA or BOTH will cause LS-DYNA to write results files for the LS -POST postprocessor. The D3PLOT file is always written for these two options. If other LS -POST files are desired, you must issue the appropriate EDHIST and EDOUT commands.
Value
Menu Paths
Main Menu>Solution>Output Controls>Output File Types
Prev EDNROT Prev EDOUT E Commands
Next EDOUT Next
EDOUT
Name
EDOUT, Option Specifies time-history output (ASCII format) for an explicit dynamics analysis. group: SOLUTION:Explicit Dynamics product: DY ED
Option
Output data option. Each option corresponds to a separate file that is written by the LS -DYNA solver. If Option = ALL, all files except NODOUT and ELOUT are written. Valid options are: GLSTAT -Global data (default). BNDOUT --
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E Commands Boundary condition forces and energy. RWFORC -Wall force. DEFORC -Discrete element data. MATSUM -Material energies data. NCFORC -Nodal interface forces. RCFORC -Resultant interface force data. DEFGEO -Deformed geometry data. SPCFORC -SPC reaction force data. SWFORC -Nodal constraint reaction force data (spotwelds and rivets). RBDOUT -Rigid body data. GCEOUT -Geometry contact entities. SLEOUT -Sliding interface energy. JNTFORC -Joint force data. NODOUT -Nodal data.
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Command Default
None of the above output is written.
Notes
This command specifies output to be written during an explicit dynamics solution. The data corresponding to each Option is written to a separate ASCII file having the same name as the Option label. The data is written for the entire model at time intervals specified by the EDHTIME command. If no time interval is specified, output is written at 1000 steps over the analysis. (See also the EDHIST command which specifies time-history output for a portion of the model.) The data written to the MATSUM file is actually for each PART number (EDPART) at time intervals specified by the EDHTIME command, but the data is listed following the Mat no. in the file. For Option = NODOUT and ELOUT, you must specify a component; you must issue EDHIST before issuing EDOUT,NODOUT or EDOUT,ELOUT. Use EDOUT,LIST to list the current time-history output specifications. (The listing will include output requested with the EDHIST command.) Use EDOUT,DELE to delete all output specifications that have been defined with the EDOUT command. In order for the specified output files to be written, you must also request that explicit dynamics results be written to an LS-DYNA output file [EDWRITE,LSDYNA or EDWRITE ,BOTH]. In an explicit dynamic small restart analysis (EDSTART ,2) or full restart analysis (EDSTART ,3), the same ASCII files that were requested for the original analysis are written by default for the restart. You can request different files by issuing the appropriate EDOUT commands in the restart analysis. This command is also valid in PREP7.
Menu Paths
Main Menu>Solution>Output Controls>ASCII Output
Prev EDOPT Prev EDPART E Commands
Next EDPART Next
EDPART
Name
E Commands EDPART, Option Configures parts for an explicit dynamics analysis. group: PREP7:Explicit Dynamics product: DY ED
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Option
Option used to organize parts. (No default; Option must be specified.) CREATE -Creates new PART IDs assigned to groups of elements with unique combinations of MAT, TYPE, and REAL set numbers. If this option is issued repeatedly, the PART list is overwritten. UPDATE -Updates the PART IDs for the element groups without changing the order of the existing PART list. If elements are redefined (or new elements are created) with different TYPE, REAL, or MAT set numbers, then use this option to create an updated list of PART IDs. LIST -Lists the PART IDs for the element groups. The PART list consists of five columns of numbers, one each for PART, MAT, TYPE, and REAL numbers, and one to indicate if the PART ID is used.
Notes
Certain ANSYS/LS -DYNA commands (such as EDCGEN, EDLOAD, EDREAD, etc.) refer to PART IDs. You must define PART IDs (EDPART,CREATE) before using these commands. If parts are repeatedly created using Option = CREATE, the part list is continuously overwritten. This may cause problems for previously defined commands that reference a PART number that has changed. To avoid this problem, the part list should be updated ( Option = UPDATE) rather than recreated to obtain the current part list. After creating or updating the part list, use EDPART,LIST to list the PART IDs and choose the correct one for use with the other ANSYS/LS-DYNA commands. For detailed discussion on PART IDs, see The Definition of PART in the ANSYS/LS-DYNA User's Guide. This command is also valid in SOLUTION.
Menu Paths
Main Menu>Preprocessor>LS-DYNA Options>Parts Options
Prev EDOUT
Next EDPC
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Prev
Next
EDPC
Name
EDPC, MIN, MAX, INC Selects and plots explicit dynamic contact entities. group: PREP7:Explicit Dynamics product: DY ED
MIN
Minimum contact entity number to be selected and plotted (default = 1).

MAX
Maximum contact entity number to be selected and plotted (default = MIN).

INC
Contact entity number increment (default = 1).
Notes
EDPC invokes an ANSYS macro which selects and plots explicit dynamic contact entities. The plot will consist of nodes or elements, depending on the method (node components or parts) that was used to define the contact surfaces (see the EDCGEN command). For single surface contact definitions, all external surfaces within the model are plotted.
Note
EDPC changes the selected set of nodes and elements. After plotting contact entities, you must reselect all nodes and elements (NSEL and ESEL) required for subsequent operations, such as SOLVE Use the EDCLIST command to list the contact entity numbers for all defined contact. This command is also valid in SOLUTION.
Menu Paths
Main Menu>Preprocessor>LS-DYNA Options>Contact>Select and Plot
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Prev EDPART Prev EDPL E Commands
Next EDPL Next
EDPL
Name
EDPL, LDNUM Plots a time dependent load curve in an explicit dynamic analysis. group: SOLUTION: Explicit Dynamics product: DY ED
LDNUM
Load number.
Notes
EDPL invokes an ANSYS macro which produces a load vs. time graph for a load defined with the EDLOAD command. Only one load curve can be plotted at a time. Use EDLOAD,LIST to obtain a list of loads and corresponding load numbers. This command is also valid in PREP7.
Menu Paths
Main Menu>Preprocessor>LS-DYNA Options>Loading Options>Plot Load Curve Main Menu>Solution>Loading Options>Plot Load Curve
Prev EDPC Prev EDPVEL E Commands
Next EDPVEL Next
EDPVEL
Name
E Commands
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EDPVEL, Option, PID, VX, VY, VZ, OMEGAX, OMEGAY, OMEGAZ, XC, YC, ZC, ANGX, ANGY, ANGZ Applies initial velocities to parts or part assemblies in an explicit dynamic analysis. group: SOLUTION:Explicit Dynamics product: DY ED
Option
Label identifying the option to be performed. VGEN -Define initial velocities for the part or part assembly based on translational velocities (relative to global Cartesian) and the rotational velocity about an arbitrary axis. For this option, use the fields VX, VY, VZ to specify the translational velocities, and use OMEGAX, XC, YC, ZC, ANGX, ANGY, ANGZ to specify the rotational velocity and the axis of rotation. VELO -Define initial velocity for the part or part assembly based on translational velocities and nodal rotational velocities input relative to the global Cartesian axes. For this option, use the following fields to define the initial velocity: VX, VY, VZ, OMEGAX, OMEGAY, OMEGAZ. LIST -List initial velocity for the part or part assembly specified by PID. If PID is blank, all initial velocities defined on parts and part assemblies are listed. Remaining fields are ignored for this option. DELE -Delete initial velocity defined for the part or part assembly specified by PID. If PID is blank, all initial velocities defined on parts and part assemblies are deleted. Remaining fields are ignored for this option.
PID
Part ID or part assembly ID to which the initial velocity is to be applied. The part or assembly ID must be defined (using EDPART,CREATE or EDASMP,ADD) before issuing this command. If an assembly ID is used, it must be greater than the highest part ID number in the model (see the EDASMP command for details).
VX
Initial velocity in X direction. Defaults to 0.

VY
Initial velocity in Y direction. Defaults to 0.
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Initial velocity in Z direction. Defaults to 0.

OMEGAX
For Option = VGEN, OMEGAX is the initial rotational velocity of the part or part assembly about the specified rotational axis. For Option = VELO, OMEGAX is the initial nodal rotational velocity about the X-axis. OMEGAX defaults to 0.
OMEGAY
Initial nodal rotational velocity about the Y-axis (used only if Option = VELO). Defaults to 0.
OMEGAZ
Initial nodal rotational velocity about the Z-axis (used only if Option = VELO). Defaults to 0. The remaining fields are used only if Option = VGEN.
XC
X coordinate on rotational axis. Defaults to 0.

YC
Y coordinate on rotational axis. Defaults to 0.

ZC
Z coordinate on rotational axis. Defaults to 0.

ANGX
Angle relative to global X-axis. Defaults to 0.

ANGY
Angle relative to global Y-axis. Defaults to 0.

ANGZ
Angle relative to global Z-axis. Defaults to 0.
Notes
You cannot mix the two methods of initial velocity input (Option = VELO and Option = VGEN) in the same analysis. You must use only one method for all initial velocity definitions. The VGEN and VELO methods differ in how the rotational velocity is defined. Use Option = VGEN to input the initial velocities of a rotating part or part assembly. Use Option = VELO to apply the rotations directly to the nodes' rotation degrees of freedom. Since only shell and beam elements
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have rotation degrees of freedom, the rotations input with Option = VELO are only applicable to SHELL163 and BEAM161 elements. The rotational velocities input with Option = VELO are ignored for nodes not having rotational degrees of freedom (such as nodes attached to a SOLID164 element). Issuing the EDPVEL command again for the same part or part assembly ( PID) will overwrite previous initial velocities defined for that part or part assembly. To set the initial velocities to zero, issue the EDPVEL command with only the Option (use VELO or VGEN) and PID fields specified. In a small restart analysis (EDSTART ,2), you can only use the Option = VELO method to change initial velocities. When used in a small restart, the command EDPVEL,VELO changes the velocity of the specified part or part assembly. If you don't change the velocity of the parts and assemblies, their velocity at the beginning of the restart will be the same as the velocity at the end of the previous analysis. Except for the LIST option, the EDPVEL command is not supported in a full restart analysis (EDSTART ,3). You can list initial velocities defined in the previous analysis with the command EDPVEL,LIST. However, you cannot change initial velocities for parts that existed in the previous analysis; their velocity at the beginning of the analysis will be the same as the velocity at the end of the previous analysis. In addition, you cannot define initial velocities for any parts that are added in the full restart; the velocity of new parts will be zero. To apply initial velocities to node components or nodes, use the EDVEL command. You can use EDPVEL and EDVEL in the same analysis. If a node or node component input on the EDVEL command shares common nodes with a part or part assembly input on the EDPVEL command, the initial velocities defined on the common nodes will be determined by the last command input. This command is also valid in PREP7.
Menu Paths
Main Menu>Preprocessor>LS-DYNA Options>Initial Velocity>-On Parts- Delete Main Menu>Preprocessor>LS-DYNA Options>Initial Velocity>-On Parts- List Main Menu>Preprocessor>LS-DYNA Options>Initial Velocity>-On Parts- w/Axial Rotate Main Menu>Preprocessor>LS-DYNA Options>Initial Velocity>-On Parts- w/Nodal Rotate Main Menu>Solution>Initial Velocity>-On Parts- Delete Main Menu>Solution>Initial Velocity>-On Parts- List Main Menu>Solution>Initial Velocity>-On Parts- w/Axial Rotate Main Menu>Solution>Initial Velocity>-On Parts- w/Nodal Rotate
Prev EDPL Prev EDRC E Commands
Next EDRC Next
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EDRC
Name
EDRC, Option, NRBF, NCSF, --, DTMAX Specifies rigid/deformable switch controls in an explicit dynamic analysis. group: SOLUTION:Explicit Dynamics product: DY ED
Option
Label identifying option to be performed. ADD -Define rigid/deformable controls (default). DELE -Delete rigid/deformable controls. LIST -List rigid/deformable controls.
NRBF
Flag to delete/activate nodal rigid bodies. If nodal rigid bodies or generalized weld definitions are active in the deformable bodies that are switched to rigid, then the definitions should be deleted to avoid instabilities. 0 -No change from previous status (default). 1 -Delete. 2 -Activate.
NCSF
Flag to delete/activate nodal constraint set. If nodal constraint/spotweld definitions are active in the deformable bodies that are switched to rigid, then the definitions should be deleted to avoid instabilities. 0 --
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E Commands No change from previous status (default). 1 -Delete. 2 -Activate.

--
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Unused field.
TDMAX
Maximum allowed time step after restart (no default).
Command Default
No rigid/deformable controls are defined.
Notes
This command is only valid in an explicit dynamic small restart analysis (EDSTART ,2). Use this command when you do a rigid/deformable switch (EDRD command) and you want to control constraints defined by other means for the deformable body (such as nodal constraints or a weld). For example, if a deformable body has nodal constraints defined and it is switched to a rigid body, the nodal constraints should be deleted since they are invalid for the rigid body. Later on, if you want to switch the rigid body to deformable again and retain the nodal constraints, you can use EDRC to activate the constraints previously defined for the deformable body. Otherwise, the nodal constraints remain deactivated. This command is also valid in PREP7.
Menu Paths
Main Menu>Solution>Rigid-Deformable>Controls
Prev EDPVEL Prev EDRD E Commands
Next EDRD Next
EDRD
Name
E Commands
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EDRD, Option, PART, MRB Switches a part from deformable to rigid or from rigid to deformable in an explicit dynamic analysis. group: SOLUTION:Explicit Dynamics product: DY ED
Option
Label identifying the option to be performed. D2R -Change specified part from deformable to rigid (default). R2D -Change specified part from rigid to deformable. Use this option to switch a part back to a deformable state after it has been changed to rigid using EDRD,D2R. LIST -List parts that are flagged to change from deformable to rigid or rigid to deformable.
PART
Part number for part to be changed (no default).

MRB
Part number of the master rigid body to which the part is merged. MRB is used only if Option = D2R. If MRB = 0 (which is the default), the part becomes an independent rigid body.
Command Default
No parts are switched.
Notes
This command is valid in a new explicit dynamic analysis or in a restart. It is only possible to switch parts (D2R or R2D) in a restart if part switching is first activated in the original analysis. If part switching is not required in the original analysis but will be used in the restart, you must issue EDRD,D2R with no further arguments in the original analysis. You can use the EDRI command to define inertia properties for newly created rigid bodies (D2R). Parts that are defined as rigid using EDMP,RIGID are permanently rigid and cannot be changed to deformable. This command is also valid in PREP7.
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Menu Paths
Main Menu>Solution>Rigid-Deformable>Switch
Prev EDRC Prev EDREAD E Commands
Next EDREAD Next
EDREAD
Name
EDREAD, NSTART, Label, NUM, STEP1, STEP2 Reads explicit dynamics output into variables for time-history postprocessing. group: POST26:Set Up product: DY ED
NSTART
Starting reference number assigned to the first variable. Allowed range is 2 (the default) to NV [NUMVAR]. ( NV defaults to 30 for an explicit dynamics analysis.)
Label
Label identifying the ouput file to be read. No default. GLSTAT -Read data from the GLSTAT file. MATSUM -Read data from the MATSUM file. SPCFORC -Read data from the SPCFORC file. RCFORC -Read data from the RCFORC file. SLEOUT --
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E Commands Read data from the SLEOUT file. NODOUT -Read data from the NODOUT file. RBDOUT -Read data from the RBDOUT file.
NUM
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Number identifying the data set to be read in (defaults to 1). If Label = GLSTAT, NUM is ignored. If Label = MATSUM or RBDOUT, NUM is the PART number [EDPART] for which output is desired. If Label = SPCFORC or NODOUT, NUM is the node number for which output is desired. If Label = SLEOUT or RCFORC, NUM is the number of the contact entity for which output is desired.
STEP1, STEP2
Load step range of data to be read in. If STEP1 and STEP2 are blank, all load steps are read in.
Notes
EDREAD reads data from the specified ascii output file so that it may be used during postprocessing. After EDREAD, you must issue the STORE command to store the data in time history variables. Once stored, the variables can be viewed as plots of output item versus time. The number of variables stored depends on the file specified. The following table shows the items in each file and the order in which they are stored. If data items were previously stored in variables NSTART to NSTART +12, they will be overwritten. If more variables are needed, change NV on the NUMVAR command. (Note that hourglass energy will not be available if it was not specified for the model [EDENERGY,1].) The following items under MATSUM are listed in the MATSUM ASCII file (in the Mat no. field) for each part number at time intervals specified by the EDHTIME command. Use EDREAD,,MATSUM,NUM to specify the part number that corresponds to the mat number in the MATSUM file. Resultant contact forces and sliding interface energies are available from the RCFORC and SLEOUT files, respectively. The RCFORC file is written for surface based contact types that include target and contact (master and slave) definitions. You should ensure that this file contains valid force results before issuing EDREAD,,RCFORC. Only the resultant contact forces on the master surface are available for time-history postprocessing. Variable Number
NSTART NSTART+1 GLSTAT MATSUM SPCFORC RCFORC SLEOUT
Time step Kinetic energy
Internal energy Kinetic energy
X force Y force
X force Y force
Slave energy Master energy
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NSTART+2 NSTART+3 NSTART+4 NSTART+5 NSTART+6 NSTART+7 NSTART+8 NSTART+9 NSTART+10 NSTART+11 NSTART+12
Internal energy Spring and damper energy System damping energy Sliding interface energy External work Total energy Total energy/initial energy Global X velocity Global Y velocity Global Z velocity Hourglass energy
X-momentum Y-momentum Z-momentum X-rigid-bodyvelocity Y-rigid-bodyvelocity Z-rigid-bodyvelocity Hourglass energy -----
Z force X moment Y moment Z moment --------
Z force -----------
Menu Paths
Main Menu>TimeHist Postpro>Read LSDYNA Data>GLSTAT file Main Menu>TimeHist Postpro>Read LSDYNA Data>MATSUM file Main Menu>TimeHist Postpro>Read LSDYNA Data>NODOUT file Main Menu>TimeHist Postpro>Read LSDYNA Data>RBDOUT file Main Menu>TimeHist Postpro>Read LSDYNA Data>RCFORC file Main Menu>TimeHist Postpro>Read LSDYNA Data>SLEOUT file Main Menu>TimeHist Postpro>Read LSDYNA Data>SPCFORC file
Prev EDRD Prev EDRI E Commands
Next EDRI Next
EDRI
Name
EDRI, Option, PART, XC, YC, ZC, TM, IXX, IYY, IZZ, IXY, IYZ, IXZ Defines inertia properties for a new rigid body that is created when a deformable part is switched to rigid in an explicit dynamic analysis. group: SOLUTION:Explicit Dynamics
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Option
Label identifying the option to be performed. ADD -Define inertia for specified part (default). DELE -Delete inertia definition for specified part. LIST -List inertia definitions.
PART
Part number for which inertia is defined (no default).

XC, YC, ZC
X, Y, and Z-coordinates of the center of mass (no defaults).

TM
Translational mass (no default).

IXX, IYY, IZZ, IXY, IYZ, IXZ
Components (xx, yy, etc.) of inertia tensor. IXX, IYY, and IZZ must be input (no defaults). IXY, IYZ, and IXZ default to zero.
Command Default
Inertia properties are calculated by the program for all parts switched from deformable to rigid.
Notes
Use this command to define inertia properties for a rigid body that is created when a deformable part is switched to rigid (using the EDRD,D2R command) in an explicit dynamic analysis. If these properties are not defined, LS-DYNA will compute the new rigid body properties from the finite element mesh (which requires an accurate mesh representation of the body). When rigid bodies are merged to a master rigid body, the inertia properties defined for the master rigid body apply to all members of the merged set. EDRI can only be issued in a new analysis. Therefore, if you are going to use inertia properties in a subsequent restart analysis, you must issue EDRI in the original analysis for the part that will later be switched to rigid in the restart. file://D:\Documents%20and%20Settings\Administrator\Local%20Settings\Temp\~hh... 20.05.2004
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Menu Paths
Main Menu>Solution>Rigid-Deformable>Inertia Property
Prev EDREAD Prev EDRST E Commands
Next EDRST Next
EDRST
Name
EDRST, NSTEP, DT Specifies the output interval for an explicit dynamic analysis. group: SOLUTION:Explicit Dynamics product: DY ED
NSTEP
Number of steps at which output is written to the results file ( Jobname.RST). Defaults to 100. When you specify NSTEP, NSTEP+2 results are written to the Jobname.RST file. The time interval between output is TIME / NSTEP, where TIME is the analysis end-time specified on the TIME command. Do not specify a value of NSTEP = 0.
DT
Time interval at which output is written to the results file ( Jobname.RST). If NSTEP is input, DT is ignored.
Command Default
Output will be written to Jobname.RST at 100 steps over the analysis.
Notes
You can use NSTEP or DT to specify the output interval to be used for Jobname.RST. You should not specify both quantities; if both are input, NSTEP will be used. In an explicit dynamic small restart (EDSTART,2) or full restart analysis (EDSTART,3), the EDRST setting will default to the NSTEP or DT value used in the original analysis. You can issue EDRST in the restart to change this setting.
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Menu Paths
Prev EDRI Prev EDRUN E Commands
Next EDRUN Next
EDRUN
Name
EDRUN,Option, Cons Specify LS-DYNA serial or parallel processing. group: SOLUTION:Explicit Dynamics product: DY
Option
LS-DYNA processing option SERIAL -Use serial processing (default) SMP -Use Shared Memory Parallel processing
Cons
Consistency setting (only applicable when Option = SMP) 0 -Result consistency is not required (default) 1 -Result consistency is required
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Command Default
The command default is serial processing.
Notes
You use this command to specify either serial (one CPU) processing or shared (multiple CPU) memory parallel processing (SMP). When you are using shared memory parallel processing, the calculations may be executed in different order, depending on CPU availability and the workload on each CPU. Because of this, you may see slight differences in the results when you run the same job multiple times, either with the same number or a different number of processors. Comparing nodal accelerations often shows wider discrepancies. To avoid these differences, you can specify that consistency be maintained by setting Cons = 1. Maintaining consistency can result in an increase of up to 15% in CPU time. The parallel processing setting is only effective when you have multiple CPUs AND licenses for the appropriate number of ANSYS/LS -DYNA SMP tasks. If you do not meet both of these requirements, this command will execute serial processing, regardless of command settings. For more information on using SMP, see Solution Features in the ANSYS/LS-DYNA User's Guide.
Menu Paths
Main Menu>Solution>Analysis Options>Parallel Option
Prev EDRST Prev EDSHELL E Commands
Next EDSHELL Next
EDSHELL
Name
EDSHELL , WPAN, SHNU, SHTC, WPBT, SHPL, ITRST Specifies shell computation controls for an explicit dynamics analysis. group: SOLUTION:Explicit Dynamics product: DY ED
WPAN
Maximum shell element warpage angle in degrees. Defaults to 20.
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SHNU
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Hughes-Liu shell normal update option: -2 -Unique nodal fibers. -1 -Compute normals each cycle (default). This option is recommended. 1 -Compute on restarts.
n --
Compute every nth substep.

SHTC
Shell thickness change option: 0 -No change. 1 -Membrane straining causes thickness change. Important in sheet metal forming (default).
WPBT
Warping stiffness option for Belytschko-Tsay shells: 1 -Belytschko-Wong-Chiang warping stiffness added. This option is recommended. 2 -Belytschko-Tsay warping stiffness (default).
SHPL
Shell plasticity option. This option is only valid for these material models: strain rate independent plastic kinematic, strain rate dependent plasticity, power law plasticity, and piecewise linear plasticity. 1 -Iterative plasticity with 3 secant iterations (default). 2 --
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Radial return noniterative plasticity. (Use this option with caution; it may lead to inaccurate results.)
ITRST
Triangular shell sorting option. If sorting is on, degenerate quadrilateral shell elements are treated as triangular shells. 1 -Full sorting (default). 2 -No sorting.
Notes
Menu Paths
Main Menu>Preprocessor>Shell Elem Ctrls
Prev EDRUN Prev EDSOLV E Commands
Next EDSOLV Next
EDSOLV
Name
EDSOLV Specifies "explicit dynamics solution" as the subsequent status topic. group: SOLUTION:Explicit Dynamics product: DY ED
Notes
This is a status [STAT] topic command. Status topic commands are generated by the GUI and will appear in the log file ( Jobname.LOG) if status is requested for some items under Utility Menu>List>Status. This command will be immediately followed by a STAT command, which will
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If entered directly into the program, the STAT command should immediately follow this command. This command is also valid in PREP7.
Menu Paths
Utility Menu>List>Status>LS-DYNA
Prev EDSHELL Prev EDSP E Commands
Next EDSP Next
EDSP
Name
EDSP, Option, MIN, MAX, INC Specifies small penetration checking for contact entities in an explicit dynamic analysis. group: PREP7:Explicit Dynamics product: DY ED
Option
Label identifying the option to be performed (no default). ON -Turn small penetration checking on for specified contact entities. OFF -Turn small penetration checking off for specified contact entities. LIST -List current setting for penetration checking.
MIN
Minimum contact entity number for which to turn on/off small penetration check (default = 1).
MAX
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Maximum contact entity number for which to turn on/off small penetration check (defaults to MIN).
INC
Contact entity number increment (default = 1).
Command Default
Penetration checking is determined by PENCHK on the EDCONTACT command.
Notes
This command controls small penetration checking in an explicit dynamic analysis. EDSP is applicable only to the following contact types: STS, NTS, OSTS, TNTS, and TSTS. The penetration checking specified by EDSP is similar to PENCHK on the EDCONTACT command. However, EDSP controls penetration checking for individual contact entities whereas PENCHK is a global control that applies to all defined contact (of the types mentioned above). EDSP can be used in a new analysis, or in a small restart (EDSTART,2). Use the EDCLIST command to list the contact entity numbers for all defined contact. This command is also valid in SOLUTION.
Menu Paths
Main Menu>Preprocessor>LS-DYNA Options>Contact>Advanced Controls
Prev EDSOLV Prev EDSTART E Commands
Next EDSTART Next
EDSTART
Name
EDSTART , RESTART, MEMORY, FSIZE, Dumpfile Specifies status (new or restart) of an explicit dynamics analysis. group: SOLUTION:Explicit Dynamics product: DY ED
RESTART
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MEMORY
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Memory to be used (in words). If blank, LS-DYNA assigns a value (default). If more or less memory is needed, specify the number of words (a word is usually 32 bits on a workstation).
FSIZE
Scale factor for binary file sizes. Defaults to 7, which is (7x262144) = 1835008 words.
Dumpfile
Name of dump file to use during a restart (for example, d3dumpnn, where nn = 01, 02, 03,...,99 and defaults to 01). Leave this field blank when running a new analysis ( RESTART = 0) so that the default dump file d3dump01 will be created.
Command Default
A new analysis is assumed.
Notes
EDSTART can be issued before the SOLVE command to specify a new analysis, a simple restart, a small restart, or a full restart as described below. New analysis: For a new analysis, you do not need to issue EDSTART unless you want to change the MEMORY or FSIZE option. If you do not specify the dump file name, d3dump01 will be created by default. Simple restart: This option assumes that the database has not been altered. Upon restarting, results will be appended to the existing results files. Issue EDSTART ,1,,,d3dumpnn to indicate which restart file to use as a starting point. The dump file to be used must have been created in an earlier run and must be available at the time this command is issued. You would typically use a simple restart when you interrupt the LS-DYNA run via CTRL-C and terminate the run prematurely by issuing the "sense switch control" key SW1 (see Solution Control and Monitoring in the ANSYS/LS-DYNA User's Guide). At this point you should be able to view the partial solution using ANSYS post-
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processors. After you are done viewing the partial solution, you can re-enter the solution processor and issue EDSTART ,1,,,d3dumpnn, followed by SOLVE to continue with the analysis. The results will be appended to the results files Jobname.RST and Jobname.HIS. You can perform multiple simple restarts by issuing EDSTART ,1,,,d3dumpnn multiple times, as needed. The solutions in the Jobname.RST file will all be in loadstep number 1. Small restart: This option can be used when minor changes in the database are necessary. For example, you can reset the termination time, reset the output interval, add displacement constraints, change initial velocities, switch parts from a deformable to rigid state, etc. (See A Small Restart in the ANSYS/LS-DYNA User's Guide for a complete description of database items that can be changed.) Issue EDSTART,2,,,d3dumpnn followed by the commands required to change the database, then issue SOLVE. The results will be appended to the results files Jobname.RST and Jobname.HIS. You can perform multiple restarts by issuing EDSTART ,2,,,d3dumpnn multiple times, as needed. The additional restart solutions will be stored in Jobname.RST as load step numbers 2, 3, etc. Full restart: A full restart is appropriate when many modifications to the database are required. For example, you can change the model geometry, apply different loading conditions, etc. Issue EDSTART ,3,,,d3dumpnn to denote a full restart analysis. The Jobname will automatically be changed to Jobname_nn, (nn = 01 initially, and will be incremented each time EDSTART ,3 is issued for subsequent full restarts). After the EDSTART command, you can input any commands needed to change the database. (Most commands which are applicable to an ANSYS/LS-DYNA new analysis are also appliable to full restart analysis. A few commands related to contact specifications, initial velocity definitions, and adaptive meshing are not supported.) Then issue the EDIS command to specify which portions of the model should be initialized in the full restart using results data from the d3dumpnn file. Finally, issue the SOLVE command. At this point, new results files, Jobname_nn.RST and Jobname_nn.HIS, will be created. Time and output intervals in the new results files are continuous from the previous results files; the time is not reset to zero. (See A Fulll Restart in the ANSYS/LS-DYNA User's Guide for a complete description of a full restart analysis.) This command is also valid in PREP7.
Menu Paths
Main Menu>Solution>Analysis Options>Restart Option
Prev EDSP Prev EDTERM E Commands
Next EDTERM Next
EDTERM
Name
EDTERM, Option, Lab, NUM, STOP, MAXC, MINC Specifies termination criteria for an explicit dynamic analysis. group: SOLUTION:Explicit Dynamics file://D:\Documents%20and%20Settings\Administrator\Local%20Settings\Temp\~hh... 20.05.2004
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Option
Label identifying the option to be performed. ADD -Define termination criteria (default). DELE -Delete termination criteria. LIST -List termination criteria.
Lab
Label identifying the type of termination (no default). NODE -Terminate solution based on nodal point coordinates. The analysis terminates when the current position of the specified node reaches either the maximum or minimum coordinate value ( STOP = 1, 2, or 3), or when the node picks up force from any contact surface ( STOP = 4). PART -Terminate solution based on rigid body (part) displacements. The analysis terminates when the displacement of the center of mass of the specified rigid body reaches either the maximum or minimum value ( STOP = 1, 2, or 3), or when the displacement magnitude of the center of mass is exceeded (STOP = 4).
NUM
Node number (if Lab = NODE) or rigid body Part ID (if Lab = PART). (No default.)
STOP
Criterion for stopping the solution (no default). 1 -Global X-direction. 2 -Global Y-direction. 3 --
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For Lab = NODE, stop the solution if contact occurs. For Lab = PART, stop the solution if the displacement magnitude is exceeded for the specified rigid body (use MAXC to define the displacement magnitude).
MAXC
Maximum (most positive) coordinate value ( Lab = NODE) or displacement ( Lab = PART). MAXC defaults to 1.0e21
MINC
Minimum (most negative) coordinate value ( Lab = NODE) or displacement (Lab = PART). MINC defaults to -1.0e21.
Command Default
No termination criteria are defined other than the terminiation time set on the TIME command.
Notes
You may specify multiple termination criteria using EDTERM; the solution will terminate when any one of the criteria is satisfied, or when the solution end time (specified on the TIME command) is reached. In an explicit dynamic small restart analysis (EDSTART ,2) or full restart analysis (EDSTART ,3), the termination criteria set in the previous analysis (the original analysis or the previous restart) are carried over to the restart. If the previous analysis terminated due to one of these criteria, that specific criterion must be modified so that it will not cause the restart to terminate prematurely. In the restart, the number of termination criteria specified using EDTERM cannot exceed a maximum of 10 or the number specified in the original analysis. Note that the termination criteria set by EDTERM are not active during dynamic relaxation (EDDRELAX). This command is also valid in PREP7.
Menu Paths
Main Menu>Solution>Analysis Options>Criteria to Stop>List Main Menu>Solution>Analysis Options>Criteria to Stop>On a Node Main Menu>Solution>Analysis Options>Criteria to Stop>On a Part
Prev EDSTART EDTP
Next EDTP
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EDTP
Name
EDTP, OPTION, VALUE1, VALUE2 Plots explicit elements based on their time step size. group: SOLUTION:Explicit Dynamics product: DY ED
OPTION
Plotting option (default = 1). 1 -Plots the elements with the smallest time step sizes. The number of elements plotted and listed is equal to VALUE1 (which defaults to 100). Each element is shaded red or yellow based on its time step value (see Notes for details). 2 -Produces the same plot as for OPTION = 1, and also produces a list of the plotted elements and their corresponding time step values. 3 -Produces a plot similar to OPTION = 1, except that all selected elements are plotted. Elements beyond the first VALUE1 elements are blue and translucent. The amount of translucency is specified by VALUE2. This option also produces a list of the first VALUE1 elements with their corresponding time step values.
VALUE1
Number of elements to be plotted and listed (default = 100). For example, if VALUE1 = 10, only the elements with the 10 smallest time step sizes are plotted and listed.
VALUE2
Translucency level ranging from 0 to 1 (default = 0.9). VALUE2 is only used when OPTION = 3, and only for the elements plotted in blue. To plot these elements as non-translucent, set VALUE2 = 0.
Notes
EDTP invokes an ANSYS macro that plots and lists explicit elements based on their time step size.
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For OPTION = 1 or 2, the number of elements plotted is equal to VALUE1 (default = 100). For OPTION = 3, all selected elements are plotted. The elements are shaded red, yellow, or blue based on their time step size. Red represents the smallest time step sizes, yellow represents the intermediate time step sizes, and blue represents the largest time step sizes. For example, if you specify VALUE1 = 30, and if T1 is the smallest critical time step of all elements and T30 is the time step of the 30th smallest element, then the elements are shaded as follows: Red - time step range is T1 to T1 + [0.05*(T30--T1)] Yellow - time step range is T1 + [0.05*(T30--T1)] to T30 Blue (translucent) - time step range is > T30 Translucent blue elements only appear when OPTION = 3. This command is also valid in PREP7.
Menu Paths
Main Menu>Solution>Time Controls>Time Step Prediction
Prev EDTERM Prev EDVEL E Commands
Next EDVEL Next
EDVEL
Name
EDVEL, Option, Cname, VX, VY, VZ, OMEGAX, OMEGAY, OMEGAZ, XC, YC, ZC, ANGX, ANGY, ANGZ Applies initial velocities to nodes or node components in an explicit dynamic analysis. group: SOLUTION:Explicit Dynamics product: DY ED
Option
Label identifying the option to be performed. VGEN -Define initial velocities based on translational velocities (relative to global Cartesian) and the rotational velocity about an arbitrary axis. For this option, use the fields VX, VY, VZ to specify the translational velocities, and use OMEGAX, XC, YC, ZC, ANGX, ANGY, ANGZ to specify the rotational velocity and the axis of rotation.
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Define initial velocity based on translational velocities and nodal rotational velocities input relative to the global Cartesian axes. For this option, use the following fields to define the initial velocity: VX, VY, VZ, OMEGAX, OMEGAY, OMEGAZ. LIST -List initial velocity for the component or node specified by Cname. If Cname is blank, all initial velocities defined on nodes and node components are listed. Remaining fields are ignored for this option. DELE -Delete initial velocity defined for the component or node specified by Cname. If Cname is blank, all initial velocities defined on nodes and node components are deleted. Remaining fields are ignored for this option.
Cname
Name of existing component [CM] or node number to which the initial velocity is to be applied. If a component is used, it must consist of nodes.
VX
Initial velocity in X direction. Defaults to 0.

VY
Initial velocity in Y direction. Defaults to 0.

VZ
Initial velocity in Z direction. Defaults to 0.

OMEGAX
For Option = VGEN, OMEGAX is the initial rotational velocity of the component (or node) about the specified rotational axis. For Option = VELO, OMEGAX is the initial nodal rotational velocity about the X-axis. OMEGAX defaults to 0.
OMEGAY
Initial nodal rotational velocity about the Y-axis (used only if Option = VELO). Defaults to 0.
OMEGAZ
Initial nodal rotational velocity about the Z-axis (used only if Option = VELO). Defaults to 0. The remaining fields are used only if Option = VGEN.
XC
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YC
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Y coordinate on rotational axis. Defaults to 0.

ZC
Z coordinate on rotational axis. Defaults to 0.

ANGX
Angle relative to global X-axis. Defaults to 0.

ANGY
Angle relative to global Y-axis. Defaults to 0.

ANGZ
Angle relative to global Z-axis. Defaults to 0.
Notes
You cannot mix the two methods of initial velocity input (Option = VELO and Option = VGEN) in the same analysis. You must use only one method for all initial velocity definitions. The VGEN and VELO methods differ in how the rotational velocity is defined. Use Option = VGEN to input the initial velocities of a rotating component. Use Option = VELO to apply the rotations directly to the nodes' rotation degrees of freedom. Since only shell and beam elements have rotation degrees of freedom, the rotations input with Option = VELO are only applicable to SHELL163 and BEAM161 elements. The rotational velocities input with Option = VELO are ignored for nodes not having rotational degrees of freedom (such as nodes attached to a SOLID164 element). Issuing the EDVEL command again for the same component or node ( Cname) will overwrite previous initial velocities defined for that component or node. To set the initial velocities to zero, issue the EDVEL command with only the Option (use VELO or VGEN) and Cname fields specified. In a small restart analysis (EDSTART ,2), you can only use the Option = VELO method to change initial velocities. When used in a small restart, the command EDVEL,VELO changes the velocity of the specified nodes. If you don't change the velocity of the nodes, their velocity at the beginning of the restart will be the same as the velocity at the end of the previous analysis. Except for the LIST option, the EDVEL command is not supported in a full restart analysis (EDSTART ,3). You can list initial velocities defined in the previous analysis with the command EDVEL,LIST. However, you cannot change initial velocities for nodes or node components that existed in the previous analysis; their velocity at the beginning of the analysis will be the same as the velocity at the end of the previous analysis. In addition, you cannot define initial velocities for any nodes that are added in the full restart; the velocity of new nodes will be zero.
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You can use EDPVEL and EDVEL in the same analysis. If a node or node component input on the EDVEL command shares common nodes with a part or part assembly input on the EDPVEL command, the initial velocities defined on the common nodes will be determined by the last command input. This command is also valid in PREP7.
Menu Paths
Main Menu>Preprocessor>LS-DYNA Options>Initial Velocity>Delete Main Menu>Preprocessor>LS-DYNA Options>Initial Velocity>List Main Menu>Preprocessor>LS-DYNA Options>Initial Velocity>w/Axial Rotate Main Menu>Preprocessor>LS-DYNA Options>Initial Velocity>w/Global Rotate Main Menu>Solution>Initial Velocity>Delete Main Menu>Solution>Initial Velocity>List Main Menu>Solution>Initial Velocity>w/Axial Rotate Main Menu>Solution>Initial Velocity>w/Global Rotate
Prev EDTP Prev EDWELD E Commands
Next EDWELD Next
EDWELD
Name
EDWELD, Option, NWELD, N1, N2, SN, SS, EXPN, EXPS, EPSF, TFAIL, NSW, CID Defines a massless spotweld or generalized weld for use in an explicit dynamic analysis. group: PREP7:Explicit Dynamics product: DY ED
Option
Label identifying the option to be performed: ADD -Define a weld (default). This weld may be a spotweld between two nodes or a generalized weld. A massless spotweld will be defined if valid node numbers are specified in fields N1 and N2. A generalized weld will be defined if a node component is
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NWELD
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Reference number identifying the spotweld or generalized weld.

N1, N2
For a spotweld, N1 and N2 are the nodes which are connected by the spotweld. For a generalized weld, input a nodal component name in N1 and leave N2 blank. The nodal component should contain all nodes that are to be included in the generalized weld.
SN
Normal force at spotweld failure.

SS
Shear force at spotweld failure.

EXPN
Exponent for normal spotweld force.

EXPS
Exponent for shear spotweld force.

EPSF
Effective plastic strain at ductile failure (used only for a generalized weld).
TFAIL
Failure time for constraint set (used only for a generalized weld); default = 1.0e20.
NSW
Number of spot welds for the generalized weld.

CID
Coordinate system ID number (CID) to be used for output data (used only for a generalized weld). The coordinate system must be previously defined with the EDLCS command.
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Notes
This command can be used to define a massless spotweld between two nodes or a generalized weld for a group of nodes. For a spotweld, the nodes specified by N1 and N2 must not be coincident. For a generalized weld, coincident nodes are permitted, but CID must be specified when using coincident nodes. EDWELD is not updated after a node merge operation; therefore, node merging [NUMMRG ,NODE] should be done before any EDWELD definitions. Nodes connected by a spotweld or generalized weld cannot be constrained in any other way. Failure of the weld occurs when:
where fn and f s are normal and shear interface forces. Normal interface force f n is nonzero for tensile values only. You can graphically display spotwelds by issuing the command /PBC ,WELD,,1. This command is also valid in SOLUTION.
Menu Paths
Main Menu>Preprocessor>LS-DYNA Options>Spotweld>Delete Main Menu>Preprocessor>LS-DYNA Options>Spotweld>Genrlizd Spotwld Main Menu>Preprocessor>LS-DYNA Options>Spotweld>List Main Menu>Preprocessor>LS-DYNA Options>Spotweld>Massless Spotwld
Prev EDVEL Prev EDWRITE E Commands
Next EDWRITE Next
EDWRITE
Name
EDWRITE, Option, Fname, Ext, Dir Writes explicit dynamics input to an LS-DYNA input file. group: SOLUTION:Explicit Dynamics product: DY ED
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Option
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Sets a flag in the LS-DYNA input file (Fname.Ext) to produce desired output. ANSYS -Set a flag to write results files for the ANSYS postprocessors (default). The files that will be written are Jobname.RST and Jobname.HIS (see Notes below). LSDYNA -Set a flag to write results files for the LS-DYNA postprocessor (LS-POST). The files that will be written are D3PLOT, and files specified by EDOUT and EDHIST (see Notes below). BOTH -Set a flag to write results files for both ANSYS and LS-DYNA postprocessors.
Fname
File name (32 characters maximum). The file name defaults to Jobname. Previous data on this file, if any, are overwritten
Ext
Filename extension (8 character maximum). The extension defaults to K in a new analysis and in a full restart analysis, and to R in a small restart analysis.
Dir
Notes
This command writes an LS-DYNA input file for the LS-DYNA solver. EDWRITE is only valid if explicit dynamic elements have been specified. This command is not necessary if the LS-DYNA solver is invoked from within ANSYS, in which case Jobname.K (or Jobname.R) is written automatically when the solution is initiated. (If LS -DYNA is invoked from within ANSYS, use EDOPT to specify desired output.) If the analysis is a small restart (EDSTART,2), the file that is written will have the name Jobname.R (by default) and will only contain changes from the original analysis. If the analysis is a full restart (EDSTART ,3), the file that is written will have the name Jobname_nn.K (by default) and will contain all the information from the database. In a full restart, the jobname is changed to Jobname_nn (nn = 01 initially, and is incremented for each subsequent full restart.) A command is included in the LS-DYNA input file to instruct the LS-DYNA solver to write the
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results files indicated by Option. By default, LS -DYNA will write the ANSYS results file Jobname.RST (see the EDRST command). If Jobname.HIS is desired, you must also issue EDHIST. = LSDYNA or BOTH will cause LS-DYNA to write results files for the LS -POST postprocessor. The D3PLOT file is always written for these two options. If other LS -POST files are desired, you must issue the appropriate EDHIST and EDOUT commands.
Option
Menu Paths
Main Menu>Solution>Write Jobname.k
Prev EDWELD Prev /EFACET E Commands
Next /EFACET Next
/EFACET
Name
/EFACET, NUM Specifies the number of facets per element edge for PowerGraphics displays. group: POST1:Controls product: MP ME ST DY PR EM FL PP ED
NUM
Number of facets per element edge for element plots. 1 -Use 1 facet per edge (default for h-elements). 2 -Use 2 facets per edge (default for p-elements). 4 -Use 4 facets per edge.
Command Default
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Notes
/EFACET is valid only when PowerGraphics is enabled [ /GRAPHICS,POWER], except that it can be used in FULL graphics mode for element CONTA174. (See the /GRAPHICS command and element CONTA174 in the ANSYS Elements Reference for more information.) The /EFACET command is only applicable to element type displays. /EFACET controls the fineness of the subgrid that is used for element plots. The element is subdivided into smaller portions called facets. Facets are piecewise linear surface approximations of the actual element face. In their most general form, facets are warped planes in 3-D space. A greater number of facets will result in a smoother representation of the element surface for element plots. /EFACET may affect results averaging. See Contour Displays in the ANSYS Basic Analysis Guide for more information. For midside node elements, if NUM = 1, no midside node information is output. For non-midside node elements, NUM should be set to 1.
Caution
Caution: If you specify /EFACET,1, PowerGraphics does not plot midside nodes. You must use /EFACET ,2 to make the nodes visible. This command is valid in any processor.
Menu Paths
Main Menu>General Postproc>Plot Results>Nodal Solu Utility Menu>Plot>Results>Contour Plot>Nodal Solution Main Menu>General Postproc>Options for Outp Utility Menu>List>Results>Options Utility Menu>PlotCtrls>Style>Size and Shape
Prev EDWRITE Prev EGEN E Commands
Next EGEN Next
EGEN
Name
EGEN, ITIME, NINC, IEL1, IEL2, IEINC, MINC, TINC, RINC, CINC, SINC, DX, DY, DZ Generates elements from an existing pattern. group: PREP7:Elements file://D:\Documents%20and%20Settings\Administrator\Local%20Settings\Temp\~hh... 20.05.2004
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ITIME, NINC
Do this generation operation a total of ITIMEs, incrementing all nodes in the given pattern by NINC each time after the first. ITIME must be >1 if generation is to occur. NINC may be positive, zero, or negative. If DX, DY, and/or DZ is specified, NINC should be set so any existing nodes (as on NGEN) are not overwritten.
IEL1, IEL2, IEINC
Generate elements from selected pattern beginning with IEL1 to IEL2 (defaults to IEL1) in steps of IEINC (defaults to 1). If IEL1 is negative, IEL2 and IEINC are ignored and the last |IEL1| elements (in sequence backward from the maximum element number) are used as the pattern to be repeated. If IEL1 = ALL, IEL2 and IEINC are ignored and use all selected elements [ESEL] as pattern to be repeated. If P1 = P, graphical picking is enabled and all remaining command fields are ignored (valid only in the GUI). A component name may also be substituted for IEL1 (IEL2 and INC are ignored).
MINC
Increment material number of all elements in the given pattern by MINC each time after the first.
TINC
Increment type number by TINC.

RINC
Increment real constant table number by RINC.

CINC
Increment element coordinate system number by CINC.

SINC
Increment section ID number by SINC.

DX, DY, DZ
Define nodes that do not already exist but are needed by generated elements (as though the NGEN,ITIME,INC, NODE1,,, DX,DY,DZ were issued before EGEN ). Zero is a valid value. If blank, DX, DY, and DZ are ignored.
Notes
A pattern may consist of any number of previously defined elements. The MAT, TYPE, REAL, ESYS, and SECNUM numbers of the new elements are based upon the elements in the pattern and file://D:\Documents%20and%20Settings\Administrator\Local%20Settings\Temp\~hh... 20.05.2004
E Commands not upon the current specification settings.
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Menu Paths
Main Menu>Preprocessor>Copy>Auto Numbered
Prev /EFACET Prev EINTF E Commands
Next EINTF Next
EINTF
Name
EINTF, TOLER, K, TLAB, KCN, DX, DY, DZ, KNONROT Defines two -noded elements between coincident or offset nodes. group: PREP7:Elements product: MP ME ST DY PR EM FL PP ED
TOLER
Tolerance for coincidence (based on maximum Cartesian coordinate difference for node locations and on angle differences for node orientations). Defaults to 0.0001. Only nodes within the tolerance are considered to be coincident.
K
Only used when the type of the elements to be generated is PRETS179. K is the pre-tension node that is common to the pre-tension section that is being created. If K is not specified, it will be created by ANSYS automatically and will have an ANSYS -assigned node number. If K is specified but does not already exist, it will be created automatically but will have the userspecified node number. K cannot be connected to any existing element.
TLAB
Nodal number ordering. Allowable values are:

LOW
-The two -noded elements are generated from the lowest numbered node to the highest numbered node.
HIGH
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The two -noded elements are generated from the highest numbered node to the lowest numbered node.
REVE
-Reverses the orientation of the selected two-noded element.
KCN
In coordinate system KCN, elements are created between node 1 and node 2 (= node 1 + dx dy dz)..
DX, DY, DZ
Node location increments that define the node offset in the active coordinate system (DR,D ,DZ for cylindrical, DR,D ,D for spherical or toroidal).
KNONROT
When KNONROT = 0, the nodes belonging to the elements created are rotated into coordinate system KCN (see NROTATE command description). When KNONROT = 1, the nodes coordinate system is not rotated.
Notes
Defines two -noded elements (such as gap elements) between coincident or offset nodes (within a tolerance). May be used, for example, to "hook" together elements interfacing at a seam, where the seam consists of a series of node pairs. One element is generated for each set of two coincident nodes. For more than two coincident or offset nodes in a cluster, an element is generated from the lowest numbered node to each of the other nodes in the cluster. If fewer than all nodes are to be checked for coincidence, use the NSEL command to select the nodes. Element numbers are incremented by one from the highest previous element number. The element type must be set [ET] to a 2-node element before issuing this command. Use the CPINTF command to connect nodes by coupling instead of by elements. Use the CEINTF command to connect the nodes by constraint equations instead of by elements. For contact element CONTA178, the tolerance is based on the maximum Cartesian coordinate difference for node locations only. The angle differences for node orientations are not checked.
Menu Paths
Main Menu>Preprocessor>Create>Elements>At Coincid Nd Main Menu>Preprocessor>Create>Elements>Offset Nodes
Prev EGEN Prev EKILL E Commands
Next EKILL Next
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EKILL
Name
EKILL, ELEM Deactivates an element (for the birth and death capability). group: SOLUTION:Birth and Death product: MP ME ST PP ED
ELEM
Element to be deactivated. If ALL, deactivate all selected elements [ESEL]. If ELEM = P, graphical picking is enabled and all remaining command fields are ignored (valid only in the GUI). A component name may also be substituted for ELEM.
Notes
Deactivates the specified element when the birth and death capability is being used. A deactivated element remains in the model but contributes a near-zero stiffness (or conductivity etc.) value (see the ESTIF command) to the overall matrix. Deactivated elements contribute nothing to the overall mass (or capacitance, etc.) matrix. The element may be reactivated with the EALIVE command. This command is also valid in PREP7.
Menu Paths
Main Menu>Preprocessor>Loads>Other>Kill Elements Main Menu>Solution>Other>Kill Elements
Prev EINTF Prev ELEM E Commands
Next ELEM Next
ELEM
Name
ELEM Specifies "Elements" as the subsequent status topic. group: PREP7:Status
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Notes
Menu Paths
Utility Menu>List>Status>Preprocessor>Elements
Prev EKILL Prev ELIST E Commands
Next ELIST Next
ELIST
Name
ELIST, IEL1, IEL2, INC, NNKEY, RKEY Lists the elements and their attributes. group: PREP7:Elements product: MP ME ST DY PR EM FL PP ED
IEL1, IEL2, INC
Lists elements from IEL1 to IEL2 (defaults to IEL1) in steps of INC (defaults to 1). If IEL1 = ALL (default), IEL2 and INC are ignored and all selected elements [ ESEL] are listed. If IEL1 = P, graphical picking is enabled and all remaining command fields are ignored (valid only in the GUI). A component name may also be substituted for IEL1 (IEL2 and INC are ignored).
NNKEY
Node listing key: 0 -List attribute references and nodes. 1 --
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RKEY
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Real constant listing key: 0 -Do not show real constants for each element. 1 -Show real constants for each element. This includes default values chosen for the element.
Notes
Lists the elements in with their nodes and attributes (MAT, TYPE, REAL, ESYS, SECNUM). See also the LAYLIST command for listing layered elements. This command is valid in any processor.
Menu Paths
Utility Menu>List>Elements>Attributes + RealConst Utility Menu>List>Elements>Attributes Only Utility Menu>List>Elements>Nodes + Attributes Utility Menu>List>Elements>Nodes + Attributes + RealConst
Prev ELEM Prev *ELSE E Commands
Next *ELSE Next
*ELSE
Name
*ELSE Separates the final if-then-else block. group: APDL:Process Controls product: MP ME ST DY PR EM FL PP ED
Notes
Optional final block separator within an if-then-else construct. See Use the *IF for details. The
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*ELSE command must appear on the same file as the Use the *IF command, and all five characters must be input. This command is valid in any processor.
Menu Paths
Prev ELIST Prev *ELSEIF E Commands
Next *ELSEIF Next
*ELSEIF
Name
*ELSEIF, VAL1, Oper, VAL2 Separates an intermediate if-then-else block. group: APDL:Process Controls product: MP ME ST DY PR EM FL PP ED
VAL1
First numerical value (or parameter which evaluates to numerical value) in the conditional comparison operation.
Oper1
Operation label. A tolerance of 1.0E-10 is used for comparisons between real numbers: EQ -Equal (for VAL1 = VAL2). NE -Not equal (for VAL1 LT -Less than (for VAL1<VAL2). GT -VAL2).
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E Commands Greater than (for VAL1>VAL2). LE -Less than or equal (for VAL1 GE -Greater than or equal (for VAL1 ABLT -Absolute values of VAL1 and VAL2 before < operation. ABGT -Absolute values of VAL1 and VAL2 before > operation.
VAL2 VAL2). VAL2).
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Second numerical value (or parameter which evaluates to numerical value) in the conditional comparison operation.
Conj
(Optional) Connection between two logical clauses. AND True if both clauses are true. OR True if either clause is true. XOR True if either (but not both) clause is true. VAL3 (Optional) Third numerical value (or parameter which evalueates to numerical value). Oper2 (Optional) Operation lavel. A tolerance of 1.0E-10 is used for comparisons between real numbers. VAL4 (Optional) Fourth Numerical value (or parameter value which evaluates to a numerical value).
Notes
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Optional intermediate block separator within an if-then-else construct. VAL1 and VAL2 can also be character strings (enclosed in quotes) or parameters for Oper = EQ and NE only. All seven characters must be input. Similar to Use the *IF except that the Base field is not used. The *ELSEIF command must appear on the same file as the Use the *IF command. This command is valid in any processor.
Menu Paths
Prev *ELSE Prev EMAGERR E Commands
Next EMAGERR Next
EMAGERR
Name
EMAGERR Calculates the relative error in an electrostatic or electromagnetic field analysis. group: POST1:Magnetics Calculations product: MP ME ST EM PP ED
Notes
The relative error is an approximation of the mesh discretization error associated with a solution. It is based on the discrepancy between the unaveraged, element-nodal field values and the averaged, nodal field values. The calculation is valid within a material boundary and does not consider the error in continuity of fields across dissimilar materials. For electrostatics, the field values evaluated are the electric field strength (EFSUM) and the electric flux density (DSUM). A relative error norm of each is calculated on a per-element basis and stored in the element table [ETABLE] with the labels EF_ERR and D_ERR. Normalized error values EFN_ERR and DN_ERR are also calculated and stored in the element table. Corresponding quantities for electromagnetics are H_ERR, B_ERR, HN_ERR, and BN_ERR, which are calculated from the magnetic field intensity (HSUM) and the magnetic flux density (BSUM). The normalized error value is the relative error norm value divided by the peak element-nodal field value for the currently selected elements. Use the PLETAB and PRETAB commands to plot and list the error norms and normalized error values.
Menu Paths
Main Menu>General Postproc>Elec&Mag Calc>Error Eval file://D:\Documents%20and%20Settings\Administrator\Local%20Settings\Temp\~hh... 20.05.2004
E Commands
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Prev *ELSEIF Prev EMATWRITE E Commands
Next EMATWRITE Next
EMATWRITE
Name
EMATWRITE, Key Forces the writing of all the element matrices to File.EMAT. group: SOLUTION:Analysis Options product: MP ME ST PP ED
Key
Write key: YES -Forces the writing of the element matrices to File.EMAT even if not normally done. NO -Element matrices are written only if required (default).
Notes
Forces the program to write the File.EMAT and is used if you intend to issue a subsequent PSOLVE that requires File.EMAT as a prerequisite or if you plan to follow the initial load step with a subsequent inertia relief calculation using the IRLF command.. This command is also valid in PREP7.
Menu Paths
Prev EMAGERR Prev EMF E Commands
Next EMF Next
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EMF
Name
EMF Calculates the electromotive force (emf), or voltage drop along a predefined path. group: POST1:Magnetics Calculations product: MP ME ST EM PP ED
Notes
EMF invokes an ANSYS macro which calculates the electromotive force (emf), or voltage drop along a predefined path (specified with the PATH command). It is valid for both 2-D and 3-D electric field analysis or high-frequency electromagnetic field analysis. The calculated emf value is stored in the parameter EMF. You must define a line path (via the PATH command) before issuing the EMF command macro. The macro uses calculated values of the electric field (EF), and uses path operations for the calculations. All path items are cleared when the macro finishes executing. The EMF macro sets the "ACCURATE" mapping method and "MAT" discontinuity option on the PMAP command. The ANSYS program retains these settings after executing the macro.
Menu Paths
Main Menu>General Postproc>Elec&Mag Calc>EMF
Prev EMATWRITE Prev EMID E Commands
Next EMID Next
EMID
Name
EMID, Key, Edges Adds or removes midside nodes. group: PREP7:Elements product: MP ME ST DY PR EM FL PP ED
Key
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E Commands Add or remove key: ADD -Add midside node to elements (default). REMOVE -Remove midside nodes from elements.
Edges
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ALL -Add (or remove) midside nodes to (from) all edges of all selected elements, independent of which nodes are selected (default). EITHER -Add (or remove) midside nodes only to (from) element edges which have either corner node selected. BOTH -Add (or remove) midside nodes only to (from) element edges which have both corner nodes selected.
Notes
This command adds midside nodes to (or removes midside nodes from) the selected elements. For this to occur, the selected elements must be midside node capable, the active element type [TYPE] must allow midside node capability, and the relationship between the finite element model and the solid model (if any) must first be disassociated [MODMSH]. By default, EMID generates a midside node wherever a zero (or missing) midside node occurs for that element. You can control this and add (or remove) midside nodes selectively by using the Edges argument. Nodes are located midway between the two appropriate corner nodes based on a linear Cartesian interpolation. Nodal coordinate system rotation angles are also linearly interpolated. Connected elements share the same midside node. Node numbers are generated sequentially from the maximum node number. The EMID command is useful for transforming linear element types to quadratic element types having the same corner node connectivity (for example, by changing the element type from PLANE42 to PLANE82 [ET] and then issuing the EMID command). EMID is also useful for transforming elements created outside of the ANSYS program.
Menu Paths
Main Menu>Preprocessor>Move / Modify>Add Mid Nodes Main Menu>Preprocessor>Move / Modify>Remove Mid Nd
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E Commands EMF Prev EMIS E Commands
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EMIS
Name
EMIS, MAT, EVALU Specifies emissivity as a material property for the Radiation Matrix method. group: AUX12:Radiation Substructures product: MP ME PR PP ED
MAT
Material number associated with this emissivity (500 maximum). Defaults to 1.

EVALU
Emissivity for this material (0.0<EVALU
1.0). Enter a very small number for zero.
Command Default
Emissivity value of 1.0 is associated with all materials.
Notes
Specifies emissivity as a material property for the Radiation Matrix method. This material property can then be associated with each element.
Menu Paths
Main Menu>Radiation Opt>Emissivities
Prev EMID Prev EMODIF E Commands
Next EMODIF Next
EMODIF
E Commands
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Name
EMODIF, IEL, STLOC, I1, I2, I3, I4, I5, I6, I7, I8 Modifies a previously defined element. group: PREP7:Elements product: MP ME ST DY PR EM FL PP ED
IEL
Modify nodes and/or attributes for element number IEL. If ALL, modify all selected elements [ESEL]. If IEL = P, graphical picking is enabled and all remaining command fields are ignored (valid only in the GUI). A component name may also be substituted for IEL.
STLOC
Starting location ( n) of first node to be modified or the attribute label. If n, modify element node positions n, n+1, etc. ( n = 1 to 20). For example, if STLOC = 1, I1 refers to the first node, I2, the second, etc. If STLOC = 9, I1 refers to the ninth node, I2, the tenth, etc. Attributes are also modified to the currently specified values (use -n to modify only nodes and not attributes). If zero, modify only the attributes to the currently specified values. If MAT, TYPE, REAL, ESYS, or SECNUM, modify only that attribute to the I1 value.
I1, I2, I3, I4, I5, I6, I7, I8
Replace the previous node numbers assigned to this element with these corresponding values. A (blank) retains the previous value (except in the I1 field, which resets the STLOC node number to zero). For attributes, replace the existing value with the I1 value (or the default if I1 is zero or blank).
Notes
The nodes and/or attributes (MAT, TYPE, REAL, ESYS, and SECNUM values) of an existing element may be changed with this command.
Menu Paths
Main Menu>Preprocessor>Move / Modify>Modify Attrib Main Menu>Preprocessor>Move / Modify>Modify Nodes
Prev EMIS Prev EMORE E Commands
Next EMORE Next
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EMORE
Name
EMORE, Q, R, S, T, U, V, W, X Adds more nodes to the just-defined element. group: PREP7:Elements product: MP ME ST DY PR EM FL PP ED
Q, R, S, T, U, V, W, X
Numbers of nodes typically assigned to ninth (node Q) through sixteenth (node X) nodal positions, if any. If Q = P, graphical picking is enabled and all remaining command fields are ignored (valid only in the GUI).
Notes
Repeat EMORE command for up to 4 additional nodes (20 maximum). Nodes are added after the last nonzero node of the element. Node numbers defined with this command may be zeroes.
Menu Paths
Prev EMODIF Prev EMSYM E Commands
Next EMSYM Next
EMSYM
Name
EMSYM, NSECT Specifies circular symmetry for electro-magnetic sources. group: PREP7:Special Purpose product: MP ME ST DY EM PP ED
NSECT
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E Commands The number of circular symmetry sections (defaults to 1).
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Notes
Specifies the number of times to repeat electro-magnetic sources for circular symmetry. Applies to SOURC36 elements and to coupled-field elements with electric current conduction results in the database. Sources are assumed to be equally spaced over 360 about the global Cartesian Z axis. This command is also valid in SOLUTION.
Menu Paths
Main Menu>Preprocessor>Loads>Magnetics>Copy Sources Main Menu>Solution>Magnetics>Copy Sources
Prev EMORE Prev EMTGEN E Commands
Next EMTGEN Next
EMTGEN
Name
EMTGEN Ncomp, Ecomp, PNcomp, DOF, GAP, GAPMIN, FKN, Per0 Generates a set of TRANS126 elements. group: PREP7:Elements product: MP PP ED
Ncomp
Component name of the surface nodes of a structure which attach to the TRANS126 elements. You must enclose name-strings in single quotes in the EMTGEN command line.
Ecomp
Component name of the TRANS126 elements generated. You must enclose name-strings in single quotes in the EMTGEN command line. Defaults to EMTELM.
PNcomp
Component name of the plane nodes generated by the command at an offset ( GAP) from the surface nodes. You must enclose name-strings in single quotes in the EMTGEN command file://D:\Documents%20and%20Settings\Administrator\Local%20Settings\Temp\~hh... 20.05.2004
E Commands line. Defaults to EMTPNO.

DOF
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Active structural degree of freedom (DOF) for TRANS126 elements (UX, UY, or UZ) in the Cartesial corrdinate system. You must enclose the DOF in single quotes.
GAP
Initial gap distance from the surface nodes to the plane. Be sure to use the correct sign with respect to Ncomp node location.
GAPMIN
Minimum gap distance allowed (GAPMIN real constant) for TRANS126 elements. Defaults to the absolute value of ( GAP)*0.05.
FKN
Contact stiffness factor used as a multiplier for a contact stiffness appropriate for bulk deformation. Defaults to 0.1.
PER0
Free-space permittivity. Defaults to 8.854e-6 (MKS units).
Notes
The EMTGEN command generates a set of TRANS126 elements between the surface nodes of a moveable structure and a plane of nodes, typically representing a ground plane. The plane of nodes are created by the command at a specified offset ( GAP). Each element attaches to a surface node and to a corresponding node representing the plane. The created elements are set to the augmented stiffness method (KEYOPT(6) = 1), which can help convergence. The generated plane nodes should be constrained approprately for the analysis. You can use TRANS126 elements for simulating fully coupled electrostatic structural coupling between a MEMS device and a plane, if the gap distance between the device and the plane is small compared to the overall surface area dimensions of the device. This assumption allows for a pointwise closed-form solution of capacitance between the surface nodes and the plane; i.e. CAP = PER0*AREA/GAP, where PER0 if the free-space permittivity, AREA is the area associated with the node, and GAP is the gap between the node and the plane. The area for each node is computed using the ARNODE function in ANSYS. See the *GET command description for more information on the ARNODE function. With a distributed set of TRANS126 elements attached directly to the structure and a plane (such as a ground plane), you can perform a full range of coupled electrostatic-structural simulations, including:
?
Static analysis (due to a DC voltage or a mechanical load) Pre-stressed modal analysis (eigenfrequencies, including frequency-shift effects of a DC bias voltage)
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E Commands
?
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Pre-stressed harmonic analysis (system response to a small-signal AC excitation with a DC bias voltage or mechanical load) Large signal transient analysis (time-transient solution due to an arbitrary time-varying voltage or mechanical excitation)
The TRANS126 element also employs a node-to-node gap feature so you can perform contact-type simulations where the structure contacts a plane (such as a ground plane). The contact stiffness factor, FKN, is used to control contact penetration once contact is initiated. A smaller value provides for easier convergence, but with more penetration.
Menu Paths
Main Menu>Preprocessor>Create>Transducers>Node to Plane
Prev EMSYM Prev EMUNIT E Commands
Next EMUNIT Next
EMUNIT
Name
EMUNIT, Lab, VALUE Specifies the system of units for magnetic field problems. group: PREP7:Materials product: MP EM PP ED
Lab
Label specifying the type of units: MKS -Rationalized MKS system of units (meters, amperes, henries, webers, etc.). Free-space permeability is set to 4 e-7 henries/meter. Free-space permittivity is set to 8.85 e-12 F/m. MUZRO -User defined system of units. Free-space permeability is set to the value input for VALUE. Other units must correspond to the permeability units. Relative permeability may be altered to absolute values. EPZRO --
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User defined system of units. Free-space permittivity is set to the value input for VALUE. Other units must correspond to the permittivity units.
VALUE
User value of free-space permeability (defaults to 1) if Lab = MUZRO, or free-space permittivity (defaults to 1) if Lab = EPZRO.
Command Default
Rationalized MKS system of units (meters, amperes, henries, webers, etc.). Free-space permeability is set to 4 e-7 Henries/meter, free-space permittivity is set to 8.85e-12 Farads/meter.
Notes
Specifies the system of units to be used for electric and magnetic field problems. The free-space permeability and permittivity values may be set as desired. These values are used with the relative property values [MP] to establish absolute property values.
Note
If the magnetic source field strength (H s ) has already been calculated [BIOT], switching EMUNIT will not change the values. For micro-electro mechanical systems (MEMS), where dimensions are on the order of microns, see the conversion factors in System of Units in the ANSYS Coupled-Field Analysis Guide. This command is also valid in SOLUTION.
Menu Paths
Main Menu>Preprocessor>Loads>Other>Change Mat Props>Electromag Units Main Menu>Preprocessor>Material Props>Electromag Units Main Menu>Solution>Other>Change Mat Props>Electromag Units
Prev EMTGEN Prev EN E Commands
Next EN Next
EN
Name
EN, IEL, I, J, K, L, M, N, O, P Defines an element by its number and node connectivity. group: PREP7:Elements file://D:\Documents%20and%20Settings\Administrator\Local%20Settings\Temp\~hh... 20.05.2004
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IEL
Number assigned to element being defined. If I = P, graphical picking is enabled and all remaining command fields are ignored (valid only in the GUI).
I
Number of node assigned to first nodal position (node I).

J, K, L, M, N, O, P
Number assigned to second (node J) through eighth (node P) nodal position, if any.
Notes
Defines an element by its nodes and attribute values. Similar to the E command except it allows the element number ( IEL) to be defined explicitly. Element numbers need not be consecutive. Any existing element already having this number will be redefined. Up to 8 nodes may be specified with the EN command. If more nodes are needed for the element, use the EMORE command. The number of nodes required and the order in which they should be specified are described in Chapter 4 of the ANSYS Elements Reference for each element type. The current (or default) MAT, TYPE, REAL, SECNUM, and ESYS attribute values are also assigned to the element. When creating elements with more than 8 nodes using this command and the EMORE command, it may be necessary to turn off shape checking using the SHPP command before issuing this command. If a valid element type can be created without using the additional nodes on the EMORE command, this command will create that element. The EMORE command will then modify the element to include the additional nodes. If shape checking is active, it will be performed before the EMORE command is issued. Therefore, if the shape checking limits are exceeded, element creation may fail before the EMORE command modifies the element into an acceptable shape.
Menu Paths
Main Menu>Preprocessor>Create>Elements>Thru Nodes
Prev EMUNIT Prev *END E Commands
Next *END Next
*END
E Commands
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Name
*END Closes a macro file. group: APDL:Macro Files product: MP ME ST DY PR EM FL PP ED
Notes
Closes a file opened with *CREATE. The *END command is an 8-character command (to differentiate it from *ENDIF ). If you add commented text on that same line but do not allow enough spaces between *END and the "!" that indicates the comment text, the *END will attempt to interpret the "!" as the 8th character and will fail. This command is valid in any processor.
Menu Paths
Prev EN Prev *ENDDO E Commands
Next *ENDDO Next
*ENDDO
Name
*ENDDO Ends a do-loop and starts the looping action. group: APDL:Process Controls product: MP ME ST DY PR EM FL PP ED
Notes
One *ENDDO is required for each nested do-loop. The *ENDDO command must appear on the same file as the *DO command, and all six characters must be input. This command is valid in any processor.
Menu Paths
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Prev *END Prev *ENDIF E Commands
Next *ENDIF Next
*ENDIF
Name
*ENDIF Ends an if-then-else. group: APDL:Process Controls product: MP ME ST DY PR EM FL PP ED
Notes
Required terminator for the if-then-else construct. See the *IF for details. The *ENDIF command must appear on the same file as the Use the *IF command, and all six characters must be input. This command is valid in any processor.
Menu Paths
Prev *ENDDO Prev ENGEN E Commands
Next ENGEN Next
ENGEN
Name
ENGEN, IINC, ITIME, NINC, IEL1, IEL2, IEINC, MINC, TINC, RINC, CINC, SINC, DX, DY, DZ Generates elements from an existing pattern. group: PREP7:Elements product: MP ME ST DY PR EM FL PP ED
E Commands
IINC
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Increment to be added to element numbers in pattern.

ITIME, NINC
Do this generation operation a total of ITIMEs, incrementing all nodes in the given pattern by NINC each time after the first. ITIME must be > 1 if generation is to occur. NINC may be positive, zero, or negative.
IEL1, IEL2, IEINC
Generate elements from the pattern that begins with IEL1 to IEL2 (defaults to IEL1) in steps of IEINC (defaults to 1). If IEL1 is negative, IEL2 and IEINC are ignored and use the last |IEL1| elements (in sequence backward from the maximum element number) as the pattern to be repeated. If IEL1 = ALL, IEL2 and IEINC are ignored and all selected elements [ESEL] are used as the pattern to be repeated. If IEL1 = P, graphical picking is enabled and all remaining command fields are ignored (valid only in the GUI). A component name may also be substituted for IEL1 (IEL2 and IEINC are ignored).
MINC
Increment material number of all elements in the given pattern by MINC each time after the first.
TINC
Increment type number by TINC.

RINC
Increment real constant table number by RINC.

CINC
Increment element coordinate system number by CINC.

SINC
Increment section ID number by SINC.

DX, DY, DZ
Define nodes that do not already exist but are needed by generated elements (NGEN ,ITIME,INC, NODE1,,, DX,DY,DZ). Zero is a valid value. If blank, DX, DY, and DZ are ignored.
Notes
Same as the EGEN command except it allows element numbers to be explicitly incremented ( IINC) from the generated set. Any existing elements already having these numbers will be redefined.
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Menu Paths
Main Menu>Preprocessor>Copy>User Numbered
Prev *ENDIF Prev ENORM E Commands
Next ENORM Next
ENORM
Name
ENORM, ENUM Reorients shell element normals. group: PREP7:Elements product: MP ME ST DY PR PP ED
ENUM
Element number having the normal direction that the reoriented elements are to match. If ENUM = P, graphical picking is enabled and all remaining command fields are ignored (valid only in the GUI).
Notes
Reorients shell elements so that their outward normals are consistent with that of a specified element. The operation reorients the element by reversing and shifting the node connectivity pattern. For example, for a 4-node shell element, the nodes in positions I,J,K and L of the original element are placed in positions J,I,L and K of the reoriented element. All 3-D shell elements in the selected set are considered for reorientation, and no element is reoriented more than once during the operation. Only shell elements adjacent to the lateral (side) faces are considered. The command reorients the shell element normals on the same panel as the specified shell element. A panel is the geometry defined by a subset of shell elements bounded by free edges or T-junctions (anywhere three or more shell edges share common nodes). Reorientation progresses within the selected set until either of the following conditions is true:
?
The edge of the model is reached. More than two elements (whether selected or unselected) are adjacent to a lateral face.
In situations where unselected elements might undesirably cause case b to control, consider using
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ENSYM,0,,0,ALL instead of ENORM. It is recommended that reoriented elements be displayed and graphically reviewed. You cannot use the ENORM command to change the normal direction of any element that has a body or surface load. We recommend that you apply all of your loads only after ensuring that the element normal directions are acceptable. Real constant values are not reoriented and may be invalidated by an element reversal.
Menu Paths
Main Menu>Preprocessor>Move / Modify>Shell Normals
Prev ENGEN Prev ENSYM E Commands
Next ENSYM Next
ENSYM
Name
ENSYM, IINC, --, NINC, IEL1, IEL2, IEINC Generates elements by symmetry reflection. group: PREP7:Elements product: MP ME ST DY PR EM FL PP ED
IINC
Increment to be added to element numbers in existing set. -Unused field.

NINC
Increment nodes in the given pattern by NINC.

IEL1, IEL2, IEINC
Reflect elements from pattern beginning with IEL1 to IEL2 (defaults to IEL1) in steps of IEINC (defaults to 1). If IEL1 = ALL, IEL2 and IEINC are ignored and pattern is all selected elements [ESEL]. If IEL1 = P, graphical picking is enabled and all remaining command fields are ignored (valid only in the GUI). A component name may also be substituted for IEL1 file://D:\Documents%20and%20Settings\Administrator\Local%20Settings\Temp\~hh... 20.05.2004
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Notes
This command is the same as the ESYM command except it allows explicitly assigning element numbers to the generated set (in terms of an increment IINC). Any existing elements already having these numbers will be redefined. The operation generates a new element by incrementing the nodes on the original element, and reversing and shifting the node connectivity pattern. For example, for a 4-node 2-D element, the nodes in positions I,J,K and L of the original element are placed in positions J,I,L and K of the reflected element. Similar permutations occur for all other element types. For line elements, the nodes in positions I and J of the original element are placed in positions J and I of the reflected element. In releases prior to ANSYS 5.5, no node pattern reversing and shifting occurred for line elements generated by ENSYM. To achieve the same results as you did in releases prior to ANSYS 5.5, use the ENGEN command instead. See the ESYM command for additional information about symmetry elements. The ENSYM command also provides a convenient way to reverse shell element normals. If the IINC and NINC argument fields are left blank, the effect of the reflection is to reverse the direction of the outward normal of the specified elements. You cannot use the ENSYM command to change the normal direction of any element that has a body or surface load. We recommend that you apply all of your loads only after ensuring that the element normal directions are acceptable. Also note that real constants (such as non-uniform shell thickness and tapered beam constants) may be invalidated by an element reversal. See Revising Your Model in the ANSYS Modeling and Meshing Guide for more information about controlling element normals.
Menu Paths
Main Menu>Preprocessor>Move / Modify>Reverse Normals>of Shell Elems Main Menu>Preprocessor>Reflect>User Numbered
Prev ENORM Prev /EOF E Commands
Next /EOF Next
/EOF
Name
/EOF Exits the file being read. group: SESSION:Run Controls
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Notes
Causes an end-of-file exit when encountered on a switched file (see /INPUT, *USE, etc.). Commands are then read continuing from the file that contained the file switching command (or from the terminal if the switch was made from the terminal). Use the /EXIT command to terminate an ANSYS run. This command cannot be used in a do-loop or if-then-else construct. This command is valid in any processor.
Menu Paths
Prev ENSYM Prev EORIENT E Commands
Next EORIENT Next
EORIENT
Name
EORIENT, Etype, Dir, TOLER Reorients solid element normals. product: PREP7:Meshing PREP7:Elements group: MP ME ST DY PR EM FL PP ED
Etype
Specifies which elements to orient. LYSL -Specifies that only the layered solid elements will be oriented (SOLID46, SOLID95 with KEYOPT(1)=1, and SOLID191). (Default.)
Dir
The axis and direction for orientation, or an element number. If Dir is set to a positive number (n), then all eligible elements are oriented as similarly as possible to element n. NEGX -The outward normal of face 1 is made as parallel as possible to the negative x-axis of the
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The outward normal of face 1 is made as parallel as possible to the negative y-axis of the currently active element coordinate system. POSY -Same as NEGY, except using the positive y-axis. NEGZ -(Default) The outward normal of face 1 is made as parallel as possible to the negative zaxis of the currently active element coordinate system. POSZ -Same as NEGZ, except using the positive z-axis.
TOLER
The maximum angle (in degrees) between the outward normal face and the target axis. Default is 90.0. Lower TOLER values will reduce the number of faces that are considered as the basis of element reorientation.
Notes
EORIENT renumbers the elements to make the face 1 (nodes IJKL, parallel to the layers) as parallel as possible to the XY plane of the element coordinate system (set with ESYS). It calculates the outward normal of each face and renumbers the nodes of the elements so the face whose normal is most parallel with and in the same general direction as the target axis becomes face 1. The target axis, defined by Dir, is either the negative or positive indicated axis or the outward normal of face 1 of that element. All SOLID46, SOLID95 with KEYOPT(1)=1, and SOLID191 3-D layered solid elements in the selected set are considered for reorientation. After reorienting elements, you should always display and graphically review results using the /ESHAPE command. When plotting models with many or symmetric layers, it may be useful to temporarily reduce the number of layers to two, with one layer being much thicker than the other. You cannot use EORIENT to change the normal direction of any element that has a body or surface load. We recommend that you apply all of your loads only after ensuring that the element normal directions are acceptable. Prisms and tetrahedrals are also supported, within the current limitations of the SOLID46, SOLID95 and SOLID191 elements (layers parallel to the 4-node face of the prism are not supported). file://D:\Documents%20and%20Settings\Administrator\Local%20Settings\Temp\~hh... 20.05.2004
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Menu Paths
Main Menu>Preprocessor>Move / Modify>Orient Normal
Prev /EOF Prev EPLOT E Commands
Next EPLOT Next
EPLOT
Name
EPLOT Produces an element display. group: PREP7:Elements product: MP ME ST DY PR EM FL PP ED
Notes
Produces an element display of the selected elements. Only elements (or portions of elements) having nodes within the selected node set (and PowerGraphics off) [NSEL] are displayed. Adjacent or otherwise duplicated faces of 3-D solid elements will not be displayed. Duplicated faces normally occur in the interior of solid 3-D shapes. See the DSYS command for display coordinate system. This command will display curvature in midside node elements when PowerGraphics is activated [/GRAPHICS,POWER] and /EFACET,2 or /EFACET ,4 are enabled. (To display curvature, two facets per edge is recommended [/EFACET,2]). When you specify /EFACET,1, PowerGraphics does not display midside nodes. /EFACET has no effect on EPLOT for non-midside node elements. This command is valid in any processor.
Menu Paths
Main Menu>Solution>Time Controls>Time Step Prediction Utility Menu>Plot>Elements
Prev EORIENT Prev EQSLV E Commands
Next EQSLV Next
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EQSLV
Name
EQSLV, Lab, TOLER, MULT Specifies the type of equation solver. group: SOLUTION:Analysis Options product: MP ME ST PR EM PP ED
Lab
Equation solver type: FRONT -Frontal direct equation solver. In-memory only. This is the only solver that is available for the generation pass of substructure analyses. SPARSE -Sparse direct equation solver (default; except for the generation pass of substructure analyses, electromagnetic analyses, or for models containing 18X elements with mixed formulation (KEYOPT(6) =1 or 2)). Applicable to real symmetric and unsymmetric matrices. Available only for STATIC, HARMIC (full method only), TRANS (full method only) and PSD spectrum analysis types [ANTYPE]. Can be used for nonlinear and linear analyses, especially nonlinear analysis where indefinite matrices are frequently encountered. Well suited for contact analysis where contact status alters the mesh topology. Other typical well-suited applications are: (a) models consisting of shell/beam or shell/beam and solid elements (b) models with a multi-branch structure such as an automobile exhaust or a turbine fan. This is an alternative to iterative solvers since it combines both speed and robustness. Generally, it requires more memory than the frontal solver, but it is comparable in memory requirement to the PCG solver. When memory is limited, the solver works partly in and out-of-core memory without much increase in CPU time. JCG -Jacobi Conjugate Gradient iterative equation solver, in-memory option. Available only for STATIC, MODAL (subspace option only), HARMIC (full method only), and TRANS (full method only) analysis types [ANTYPE]. Can be used for structural and multiphysics applications. Applicable for symmetric, unsymmetric, complex, definite, and indefinite matrices. Recommended for 3-D harmonic analyses in structural and multiphysics applications. Efficient for heat transfer, electromagnetics, piezoelectrics, and acoustic field problems. JCGOUT -Jacobi Conjugate Gradient iterative equation solver, out-of-core memory option. Use this solver instead of JCG when you do not have sufficient real memory. Same as JCG except that it is valid only for symmetric, sparse, positive definite real matrices, and it file://D:\Documents%20and%20Settings\Administrator\Local%20Settings\Temp\~hh... 20.05.2004
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operates from disk storage. Slower than JCG except for large problems that are run with small real memory (which causes the JCG solver to thrash). Not valid in a modal analysis. Recommended for heat transfer applications. ICCG -Incomplete Cholesky Conjugate Gradient iterative equation solver. Available for STATIC, HARMIC (full method only), and TRANS (full method only) analysis types [ANTYPE]. Can be used for structural and multiphysics applications, and for symmetric, unsymmetric, complex, definite, and indefinite matrices. The ICCG solver requires more memory than the JCG solver, but is more robust than the JCG solver for ill-conditioned matrices. PCG -Pre-conditioned Conjugate Gradient iterative equation solver (licensed from Computational Applications and Systems Integration, Inc.). Requires less disk file space than FRONT and is faster for large models (wavefront > about 1000). Much faster than the JCG solver. Useful for plates, shells, 3-D models, large 2-D models, p-method analyses, and other problems having symmetric, sparse, definite or indefinite matrices for nonlinear analysis. Requires twice as much memory as JCG (/RUNST can be used to determine the space needed). Available only for analysis types [ANTYPE] STATIC, TRANS (full method only), or MODAL (with subspace option only). The PCG solver can robustly solve equations with constraint equations (CE, CEINTF , CPINTF, and CERIG). This solver gives you the option of using either: ? the MSAVE command (for models predominantly made of SOLID92 elements (see Notes below), and/or
?
the PRECISION command to specify single precision, thereby reducing the memory required by between 30% and 70%
PCGOUT -Pre-conditioned Conjugate Gradient iterative equation solver, out-of-memory option. Use this option instead of PCG when you do not have sufficient real memory. This solver is functionally the same as PCG except that the stiffness and preconditioned matrices are stored out-of-core memory. It is generally slower than the PCG solver due to the extra I/O needed during the solution process. AMG -Algebraic Multigrid iterative equation solver. Available for STATIC analyses and TRANS (full method only) analyses. The AMG solver is applicable to symmetric matrices. This solver is not available for substructure analyses, either generation or use pass, or for models containing p-elements (which switch to the frontal solver). It is very efficient for single-field structural analyses (where the solution DOFs are combinations of UX, UY, UZ, ROTX, ROTY, and ROTZ). For applications such as single-field thermal analyses (where the solution DOF is TEMP), the AMG solver is less efficient. Recommended for ill-conditioned problems in which the PCG and ICCG solvers would have difficulty converging; applicable in both single- and multiprocessor environments. In terms of CPU time when used in a single-processor environment, the AMG solver performs better than the PCG and ICCG solvers for ill-conditioned problems, and it delivers about the same level of performance for ordinary problems. In a multiprocessor environment, the AMG solver scales better than the PCG and ICCG solvers on shared
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memory parallel machines. Also handles indefinite matrix problems for nonlinear analyses. The AMG solver is part of Parallel Performance for ANSYS, which is a separately-licensed product. For detailed information on multiprocessor solvers, see Improving ANSYS Performance and Parallel Performance for ANSYS in the ANSYS Advanced Analysis Techniques Guide. See Starting an ANSYS Session from Command Level in the ANSYS Operations Guide for information on how to specify the Parallel Performance for ANSYS add-on at ANSYS start-up. DDS -Distributed Domain Solver (DDS). Available only for symmetric STATIC analyses and TRANS (full method only) analyses, and limited to problems without constraint equations (CE, CEINTF, CPINTF , and CERIG). The solver decomposes a large problem into domains (substructures) and uses different processors or systems to solve each domain to reduce total solution time. Use of DDS requires a license for the Parallel Performance for ANSYS advanced task (add-on). See Starting an ANSYS Session from Command Level in the ANSYS Operations Guide for information on how to specify the Parallel Performance for ANSYS add-on at ANSYS start-up. For more information on Parallel Performance for ANSYS, see Improving ANSYS Performance and Parallel Performance for ANSYS in the ANSYS Advanced Analysis Techniques Guide. ITER -Automatically chooses an iterative solver that is appropriate for the physics of the problem. The tolerance for the iterative solver is automatically selected based on the accuracy level you choose (see TOLER, below). This solver option is available only for electrostatic analyses, steady-state/transient thermal analyses and linear static/full transient structural analyses without superelements. If you issue the automatic iterative solver selection command, but the appropriate conditions for the selection are not met, then the program defaults to the Frontal solver. See Using the Automatic Iterative (Fast) Solver Option in the ANSYS Basic Analysis Guide, as well as Structural Static Analysis in the ANSYS Structural Analysis Guide or Steady-State Thermal Analysis in the ANSYS Thermal Analysis Guide, for correct usage of this option.
TOLER
Solver tolerance value (defaults to 1.0E-8) for static analyses with symmetric matrices. For unsymmetric static analyses or harmonic analyses, as well as for the Domain solver, the default is 1.0E-6. The value 1.0E-5 may be acceptable in many situations. Used only with the Jacobi Conjugate Gradient, Incomplete Cholesky Conjugate Gradient, Pre-conditioned Conjugate Gradient, Algebraic Multigrid and Distributed Domain equation solvers. For all iterative solvers (except the PCG solver in the case of linear static analysis), iterations continue until the SRSS norm of the residual is less than TOLER times the norm of the applied load vector. (For the PCG solver in the static linear analysis case, 3 error norms are used. If one of the error norms is smaller than TOLER, and the SRSS norm of the residual is smaller than 1.0E2, convergence is assumed to have been reached.) See the ANSYS, Inc. Theory Reference for details.
Note
When used with the Pre-conditioned Conjugate Gradient equation solver, TOLER can be modified between load steps (this is typically useful for nonlinear file://D:\Documents%20and%20Settings\Administrator\Local%20Settings\Temp\~hh... 20.05.2004
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If used with the ITER label, you can specify an integer value from 1 to 5, which indicates the accuracy level for convergence for the automatically-selected iterative solver. A value of 1 is the fastest level, and 5 is the most accurate level. ANSYS chooses the tolerance value for the automatic iterative solver based on the input accuracy level.
MULT
Multiplier (defaults to 2.0 when solution control is on; 1.0 when solution control is off) used to control the maximum number of iterations performed during convergence calculations. Used only with the Pre-conditioned Conjugate Gradient equation solver (PCG). The maximum number of iterations is equal to the multiplier ( MULT) times the number of degrees of freedom (DOF). Iterations continue until either the maximum number of iterations or solution convergence has been reached. In general, the default value for MULT is adequate for reaching convergence. However, for ill-conditioned matrices (that is, models containing elements with high aspect ratios or material type discontinuities) the multiplier may be used to increase the maximum number of iterations used to achieve convergence. The recommended range for the multiplier is 1.0 MULT 3.0. Normally, a value greater than 3.0 adds no further benefit toward convergence, and merely increases time requirements. If the solution does not converge with 1.0 MULT 3.0, then convergence is highly unlikely, and further examination of the model is recommended.
Command Default
Uses the sparse direct solver, except for the generation pass of a substructure analysis and for electromagnetic analyses (which use the frontal direct solver).
Notes
The selection of a solver can affect the speed and accuracy of a solution. For a more detailed discussion of the merits of each solver, see Solution in the ANSYS Basic Analysis Guide. If you are using the PCG solver to do a small strain static or full transient analysis of a model containing SOLID92 elements with linear material properties, you can save significant amounts of memory with the MSAVE command. MSAVE,ON will trigger an element-by-element approach for the parts of the model containing SOLID92 elements with linear material properties. (Other parts of the model will use global assembly for the stiffness matrix.) Using the element-by-element approach results in memory savings of up to 70% over the global assembly approach for the affected part of the model, although the solution time may be increased depending on the processor speed and computer. In a substructure analysis, the solver selected through the EQSLV command does not impact the substructure matrix generation pass. However, the selected solver is used in the equation solution of the model that contains the substructure in the matrix use pass. In a modal analysis, choosing the subspace mode extraction method along with the PCG or PCGOUT solver is the same as choosing the PowerDynamics mode extraction method. If you choose the PCGOUT solver, the solution will be much slower. When doing a modal analysis with a large number of constraint equations, use the subspace iteration method with the frontal solver instead of the JCG solver, or use the Block Lanczos mode extraction method. (Block Lanczos is the default.)
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If you use MODOPT,LANB or BUCOPT,LANB, the internal solver used is EQSLV,SPARSE. Do not use the DDS solver for pure beam/shell models; doing so could result in convergence difficulties. The DDS solver is suitable for models with a combination of solids, trusses, beams, and shells. If used in SOLUTION, this command is valid only within the first load step. This command is also valid in PREP7.
Menu Paths
Main Menu>Preprocessor>Loads>Analysis Options Main Menu>Preprocessor>Loads>Fast Sol'n Optn Main Menu>Solution>Sol'n Controls Main Menu>Solution>Analysis Options Main Menu>Solution>Fast Sol'n Optn
Prev EPLOT Prev ERASE E Commands
Next ERASE Next
ERASE
Name
ERASE Explicitly erases the current display. group: GRAPHICS:Set Up product: MP ME ST DY PR EM FL PP ED
Notes
Similar to a hardware screen erase key. Useful during an "immediate" display to erase the screen without a replot so that the display continues on a clean screen. This action is automatically included in commands such as NPLOT and EPLOT. If the /NOERASE command is active, issuing the erase command will simply clear the display area. Subsequent replots will provide the display previously generated by the /NOERASE command. This command is valid in any processor.
Menu Paths
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Next /ERASE Next
/ERASE
Name
/ERASE Specifies that the screen is to be erased before each display. group: GRAPHICS:Set Up product: MP ME ST DY PR EM FL PP ED
Command Default
Previous /ERASE or /NOERASE setting will be used. Initially defaults to /ERASE setting.
Notes
Erase occurs with the next display request, but before the display is actually started. /NOERASE can be used to suppress the automatic screen erase. This command is valid in any processor.
Menu Paths
Utility Menu>PlotCtrls>Erase Options>Erase Between Plots
Prev ERASE Prev EREAD E Commands
Next EREAD Next
EREAD
Name
EREAD, Fname, Ext, Dir Reads elements from a file.
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Fname
Ext
Filename extension (8 character maximum). The extension defaults to ELEM if Fname is blank.
Dir
Notes
This read operation is not necessary in a standard ANSYS run but is provided as a convenience to users wanting to read a coded element file, such as from another mesh generator or from a CAD/CAM program. Data should be formatted as produced with the EWRITE command. The element types [ET] must be defined before the file is read so that the file may be read properly. Only elements that are specified with the ERRANG command are read from the file. Also, only elements that are fully attached to the nodes specified on the NRRANG command are read from the file. Elements are assigned numbers consecutively as read from the file, beginning with the current highest database element number plus one. The file is rewound before and after reading. Reading continues until the end of the file.
Menu Paths
Main Menu>Preprocessor>Create>Elements>Read Elem File
Prev /ERASE Prev EREFINE E Commands
Next EREFINE Next
EREFINE
Name
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EREFINE, NE1, NE2, NINC, LEVEL, DEPTH, POST, RETAIN Refines the mesh around specified elements. group: PREP7:Meshing product: MP ME ST DY PR EM FL PP ED
NE1, NE2, NINC
Elements ( NE1 to NE2 in increments of NINC) around which the mesh is to be refined. NE2 defaults to NE1, and NINC defaults to 1. If NE1 = ALL, NE2 and NINC are ignored and all selected elements are used for refinement. If NE1 = P, graphical picking is enabled and all remaining command fields are ignored (valid only in the GUI). A component name may also be substituted for NE1 (NE2 and NINC are ignored).
LEVEL
DEPTH
Depth of mesh refinement in terms of number of elements outward from the indicated elements, NE1 to NE2 (defaults to 0).
POST
RETAIN
Flag indicating whether quadrilateral elements must be retained in the refinement of an allquadrilateral mesh. (The ANSYS program ignores the RETAIN argument when you are refining anything other than a quadrilateral mesh.) ON -The final mesh will be composed entirely of quadrilateral elements, regardless of the
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The final mesh may include some triangular elements in order to maintain element quality and provide transitioning.
Notes
EREFINE performs local mesh refinement around the specified elements. By default, the surrounding elements are split to create new elements with 1/2 the edge length of the original elements ( LEVEL = 1). EREFINE refines all area elements and tetrahedral volume elements that are adjacent to the specified elements. Any volume elements that are adjacent to the specified elements, but are not tetrahedra (for example, hexahedra, wedges, and pyramids), are not refined. You cannot use mesh refinement on a solid model that contains initial conditions at nodes [IC], coupled nodes [CP family of commands], constraint equations [CE family of commands], or boundary conditions or loads applied directly to any of its nodes or elements. This applies to nodes and elements anywhere in the model, not just in the region where you want to request mesh refinement. For additional restrictions on mesh refinement, see Revising Your Model in the ANSYS Modeling and Meshing Guide.
Menu Paths
Main Menu>Preprocessor>Modify Mesh>All Main Menu>Preprocessor>Modify Mesh>Elements
Prev EREAD Prev ERESX E Commands
Next ERESX Next
ERESX
Name
ERESX, Key Specifies extrapolation of integration point results. group: SOLUTION:Analysis Options product: MP ME ST PR EM PP ED
Key
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Extrapolate integration point results to the nodes for all elements except those with active plasticity, creep, or swelling nonlinearities (default). YES -Extrapolate integration point results to the nodes for all elements. Only linear solution data will be extrapolated for those elements with active plasticity, creep, or swelling nonlinearities. NO -Copy (do not extrapolate) integration point results to the nodes for all elements.
Command Default
Extrapolate integration point results to the nodes for all elements except those with active plasticity, creep, or swelling nonlinearities (default).
Notes
Specifies whether the solution results at the element integration points are extrapolated or copied to the nodes for element and nodal postprocessing. The structural stresses, elastic and thermal strains, field gradients, and fluxes are affected. Nonlinear data (plastic, creep, and swelling strains) are always copied to the nodes, never extrapolated. For shell elements, ERESX applies only to integration point results in the in-plane directions. This command is also valid in PREP7.
Menu Paths
Main Menu>Preprocessor>Loads>Output Ctrls>Integration Pt Main Menu>Solution>Output Ctrls>Integration Pt
Prev EREFINE Prev ERNORM E Commands
Next ERNORM Next
ERNORM
Name
ERNORM, Key Controls error estimation calculations.
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Key
Control key: ON -Perform error estimation (default). This option is not valid for PowerGraphics. OFF -Do not perform error estimation.
Command Default
Error estimation calculations are performed by default unless PowerGraphics is enabled [/GRAPHICS,POWER].
Notes
Especially for thermal analyses, program speed increases if error estimation is suppressed. Therefore, it might be desirable to use error estimation only when needed. The value of the ERNORM key is not saved on file.db. Consequently, you need to reissue the ERNORM key after a RESUME if you wish to deactivate error estimation again.
Menu Paths
Prev ERESX Prev ERRANG E Commands
Next ERRANG Next
ERRANG
Name
ERRANG, EMIN, EMAX, EINC Specifies the element range to be read from a file. group: PREP7:Elements
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EMIN, EMAX, EINC
Elements with numbers from EMIN (defaults to 1) to EMAX (defaults to 999999) in steps of EINC (defaults to 1) will be read.
Notes
Defines the element number range to be read [EREAD] from the element file. If a range is also implied from the NRRANG command, only those elements satisfying both ranges will be read.
Menu Paths
Main Menu>Preprocessor>Create>Elements>Read Elem File
Prev ERNORM Prev ESEL E Commands
Next ESEL Next
ESEL
Name
ESEL, Type, Item, Comp, VMIN, VMAX, VINC, KABS Selects a subset of elements. group: DATABASE:Selecting product: MP ME ST DY PR EM FL PP ED
Type
Label identifying the type of select: S -Select a new set (default). R -Reselect a set from the current set. A -file://D:\Documents%20and%20Settings\Administrator\Local%20Settings\Temp\~hh... 20.05.2004
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Item
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Label identifying data, see ESEL - Valid Item and Component Labels. Some items also require a component label. If Item = P, graphical picking is enabled and all remaining command fields are ignored (valid only in the GUI). Defaults to ELEM. If Item = STRA (straightened), elements are selected whose midside nodes do not conform to the curved line or non-flat area on which they should lie. (Such elements are sometimes formed during volume meshing [VMESH] in an attempt to avoid excessive element distortion.) You should graphically examine any such elements to evaluate their possible effect on solution accuracy.
Comp
Component of the item (if required). Valid component labels are shown in ESEL - Valid Item and Component Labels below.
VMIN
Minimum value of item range. Ranges are element numbers, attribute numbers, load values, or result values as appropriate for the item. A component name (as specified on the CM command) may also be substituted for VMIN (VMAX and VINC are ignored).
VMAX
Maximum value of item range. VMAX defaults to VMIN for input values. For result values, VMAX defaults to infinity if VMIN is positive, or to zero if VMIN is negative. If VMIN = VMAX, a tolerance of 0.005 x VMIN is used, or 1.0E-6 if VMIN = 0.0. If VMAX VMIN, a tolerance of 1.0E-8x(VMAX- VMIN) is used.
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Value increment within range. Used only with integer ranges (such as for element and attribute numbers). Defaults to 1. VINC cannot be negative.
KABS
Absolute value key: 0 -Check sign of value during selection. 1 -Use absolute value during selection (sign ignored).
Command Default
All elements are selected.
Notes
Selects elements based on values of a labeled item and component. For example, to select a new set of elements based on element numbers 1 through 7, use ESEL,S,ELEM,,1,7. The subset is used when the ALL label is entered (or implied) on other commands, such as ELIST,ALL. Only data identified by element number are selected. Selected data are internally flagged; no actual removal of data from the database occurs. Different element subsets cannot be used for different load steps [SOLVE ] in a /SOLU sequence. The subset used in the first load step will be used for all subsequent load steps regardless of subsequent ESEL specifications. This command is valid in any processor. ESEL - Valid Item and Component Labels Valid Item and Component Labels ESELType, Item, Comp, VMIN, VMAX, VINC, KABS Item Comp Description ELEM Element number. Elements adjacent to element VMIN (VMAX and VINC fields are ignored). Only elements (of the same dimensionality) adjacent to lateral faces are considered. ADJ Progression continues until edge of model or until more than two elements are adjacent at a face. TYPE Element type number. ENAME Element processor name (or number). MAT Material number. REAL Real constant number. ESYS Element coordinate system number. LIVE Active elements [EALIVE]. VMIN and VMAX fields are ignored, etc. Layer number (only composite elements with a non-zero thickness for the LAYER requested layer number are included). [LAYER] SEC Cross section ID number [SECNUM]
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BFE
ETAB
p-elements that are included in convergence checking. p-elements that are excluded from convergence checking. Straightened. See description under Argument Descriptions' Item field above. PRES Element pressure. CONV Element convection bulk temperature. HFLUX Element heat flux. FSI Element (acoustic) fluid-structure interaction flag. IMPD Element (acoustic) impedance. Surface shielding properties on high-frequency elements. (Select logic works SHLD only on the value of conductivity, not relative permeability.) MXWF Element Maxwell force flag. CHRGS Electric surface charge density. INF Element infinite surface flag. TEMP Element temperature. FLUE Element fluence. HGEN Element heat generation rate. JS Element current density, magnitude only. MVDI Element magnetic virtual displacements flag. CHRGD Electric charge density. Valid item and component labels for element result values are: Lab Any user-defined element table label (see ETABLE command).
Menu Paths
Main Menu>Preprocessor>Create>Circuit>Delete Elements Main Menu>Preprocessor>Delete>Pre-tens Elemnts Utility Menu>Select>Entities
Prev ERRANG Prev /ESHAPE E Commands
Next /ESHAPE Next
/ESHAPE
Name
/ESHAPE, SCALE Displays elements with shapes determined from the real constants. group: GRAPHICS:Style product: MP ME ST DY PR EM FL PP ED
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SCALE
Real constant scaling factor: 0 -Use simple display of line and area elements (default). 1 -Use real constants to form a solid shape display of elements.
FAC
-Multiply certain real constants, such as thickness, by FAC and use them to form a solid shape display of elements ( FAC must be greater than 0.01).
Command Default
Use simple display of line and area elements (0).
Notes
Allows beams, shells, current sources, and certain special purpose elements to be displayed as solids with the shape determined from the real constants or section types SOLID65 elements will be displayed with internal lines that represent rebar sizes and orientations (requires vector mode [/DEVICE] with a basic type of display [/TYPE,,BASIC]). The rebar with the largest volume ratio in each element will plot as a red line, the next largest as green, and the smallest as blue. COMBIN14, COMBIN39, and MASS21 will be displayed with a graphics icon and offset determined from the real constants and keyopt setting. BEAM188 and BEAM189 are displayed as solids with the shape determined from the section definitions commands, SECTYPE and SECDATA. The elements will be displayed with internal lines that represent the cross-section mesh. Contour plots are available for these elements in postprocessing for PowerGraphics only [/GRAPHICS,POWER]. To view 3-D deformed shapes for BEAM188 and BEAM189, issue OUTRES,MISC or OUTRES ,ALL for static or transient analyses. To view 3-D mode shapes for a modal or eigenvalue buckling analysis, you must expand the modes with element results calculation on (Elcalc = YES on MXPAND). By default, /ESHAPE displays SOURC36, CIRCU124, and TRANS126 elements when PowerGraphics is activated [/GRAPHICS,POWER]. If you are using /ESHAPE and you want to view solution results [PLNSOL, etc.] on layered elements (such as SHELL91, SHELL99, SOLID46, SHELL181, and SOLID191), you must set KEYOPT(8) = 1 for the layer elements so that the data for all layers is stored in the results file. When plotting stresses (i.e., PLNSOL,s,x) of BEAM4 and BEAM44, the thermal warping stresses are not included in the stress display. An example of element temperatures causing warping thermal stresses is -1, 1, -1, 1, -1, 1, -1, 1. If /ESHAPE is specified with PowerGraphics activated, then PRNSOL listings will be the same as
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E Commands in Full graphics mode.
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Also, when Power Graphics is active, /ESHAPE may degrade the image if adjacent elements have different real constants. All of of the polygons that depict the connectivity between the thicker and thinner elements along the shared element edges may not always be displayed. Elements are displayed with the EPLOT command. No checks for valid or complete input are made for the display. This command is valid in any processor.
Menu Paths
Prev ESEL Prev ESIZE E Commands
Next ESIZE Next
ESIZE
Name
ESIZE, SIZE, NDIV Specifies the default number of line divisions. group: PREP7:Meshing product: MP ME ST DY PR EM FL PP ED
SIZE
Default element edge length on surface boundaries (i.e., lines). Divisions are automatically calculated (rounded upward to next integer) from line lengths. If SIZE is zero (or blank), use NDIV.
NDIV
Default number of element divisions along region boundary lines. Not used if SIZE is input.
Notes
Specifies the default number of line divisions (elements) to be generated along the region boundary lines. The number of divisions may be defined directly or automatically calculated. Divisions defined directly for any line [LESIZE, KESIZE, etc.] are retained. For adjacent regions, the divisions
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assigned to the common line for one region are also used for the adjacent region. See the MOPT command for additional meshing options. For free meshing operations, if smart element sizing is being used [SMRTSIZE] and ESIZE,SIZE has been specified, SIZE will be used as a starting element size, but will be overridden (i.e., a smaller size may be used) to accommodate curvature and small features.
Menu Paths
Main Menu>Preprocessor>Size Cntrls>Adv Opts Main Menu>Preprocessor>Size Cntrls>Size
Prev /ESHAPE Prev ESLA E Commands
Next ESLA Next
ESLA
Name
ESLA, Type Selects those elements associated with the selected areas. group: DATABASE:Selecting product: MP ME ST DY PR EM FL PP ED
Type
Label identifying the type of element select: S -Select a new set (default). R -Reselect a set from the current set. A -Additionally select a set and extend the current set. U -Unselect a set from the current set.
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Notes
Selects area elements belonging to meshed [AMESH], selected [ASEL] areas. This command is valid in any processor.
Menu Paths
Prev ESIZE Prev ESLL E Commands
Next ESLL Next
ESLL
Name
ESLL, Type Selects those elements associated with the selected lines. group: DATABASE:Selecting product: MP ME ST DY PR EM FL PP ED
Type
Label identifying the type of element select: S -Select a new set (default). R -Reselect a set from the current set. A -Additionally select a set and extend the current set. U -Unselect a set from the current set.
Notes
E Commands Selects line elements belonging to meshed [LMESH], selected [LSEL] lines. This command is valid in any processor.
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Menu Paths
Prev ESLA Prev ESLN E Commands
Next ESLN Next
ESLN
Name
ESLN, Type, EKEY, NodeType Selects those elements attached to the selected nodes. group: DATABASE:Selecting product: MP ME ST DY PR EM FL PP ED
Type
Label identifying the type of element selected: S -Select a new set (default). R -Reselect a set from the current set. A -Additionally select a set and extend the current set. U -Unselect a set from the current set.
EKEY
Node set key: 0 -file://D:\Documents%20and%20Settings\Administrator\Local%20Settings\Temp\~hh... 20.05.2004
E Commands Select element if any of its nodes are in the selected nodal set (default). 1 -Select element only if all of its nodes are in the selected nodal set.
NodeType
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Label identifying type of nodes to consider when selecting: ALL -Select elements considering all of their nodes (default). ACTIVE -Select elements considering only their active nodes. An active node is a node that contributes DOFs to the model. INACTIVE -Select elements considering only their inactive nodes (such as orientation or radiation nodes). CORNER -Select elements considering only their corner nodes. MID -Select elements considering only their mid-side nodes.
Notes
ESLN selects elements which have any (or all [EKEY]) NodeType nodes in the currently-selected set of nodes. Only elements having nodes in the currently-selected set can be selected. This command is valid in any processor.
Menu Paths
Main Menu>Preprocessor>Create>Circuit>Delete Elements Main Menu>Preprocessor>Delete>Pre-tens Elemnts Utility Menu>Select>Entities
Prev ESLL Prev ESLV E Commands
Next ESLV Next
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ESLV
Name
ESLV, Type Selects elements associated with the selected volumes. group: DATABASE:Selecting product: MP ME ST DY PR EM FL PP ED
Type
Label identifying the type of element selected: S -Select a new set (default). R -Reselect a set from the current set. A -Additionally select a set and extend the current set. U -Unselect a set from the current set.
Notes
Selects volume elements belonging to meshed [VMESH], selected [VSEL] volumes. This command is valid in any processor.
Menu Paths
Prev ESLN Prev ESOL E Commands
Next ESOL Next
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ESOL
Name
ESOL, NVAR, ELEM, NODE, Item, Comp, Name Specifies element data to be stored from the results file. group: POST26:Set Up product: MP ME ST DY PR EM FL PP ED
NVAR
ELEM
Element for which data are to be stored. If ELEM = P, graphical picking is enabled (valid only in the GUI).
NODE
Node number on this element for which data are to be stored. If blank, store the average element value (except for FMAG values, which are summed instead of averaged). If NODE = P, graphical picking is enabled (valid only in the GUI).
Item
Label identifying the item. General item labels are shown in ESOL - General Item and Component Labels below. Some items also require a component label.
Comp
Component of the item (if required). General component labels are shown in ESOL - General Item and Component Labels below. If Comp is a sequence number (n), the NODE field will be ignored.
Name
Thirty-two character name for identifying the item on the printout and displays. Defaults to a label formed by concatenating the first four characters of the Item and Comp labels.
Notes
Valid item and component labels for element (except line element) results are listed in ESOL General Item and Component Labels
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Defines element results data to be stored from a results file [FILE ]. Not all items are valid for all elements. See the input and output summary tables of the ANSYS Elements Reference of each element for the available items. There are two methods of data access that may be used with the ESOL command. You can accesse some simpy by using a generic label (Component Name method), while others require a label and number (Sequence Number method). The Component Name method is used to access the General element data (that is, element data which is generally available to most element types or groups of element types). The General Item and Comp labels for the Component Name method are shown in ESOL - General Item and Component Labels below. The Sequence Number method is required for data that is not averaged (such as pressures at nodes, temperatures at integration points, etc.), or data that is not easily described in a generic fashion (such as all derived data for structural line elements and contact elements, all derived data for thermal line elements, layer data for layered elements, etc.). A table illustrating the Items (such as LS, LEPEL, LEPTH, SMISC, NMISC, etc.) and corresponding sequence numbers for each element is shown in Element Library in the ANSYS Elements Reference. Element results are in the element coordinate system, except for layered elements where results are in the layer coordinate system. Results are obtainable for an element at a specified node. Further location specifications can be made for some elements with the SHELL, LAYERP26, and FORCE commands. ESOL - General Item and Component Labels General Item and Component Labels ESOL,NVAR,ELEM,NODE,Item,Comp,Name Comp Description X, Y, Z, XY, Component stress. YZ, XZ 1, 2, 3 Principal stress. INT Stress intensity. EQV Equivalent stress. X, Y, Z, XY, Component elastic strain. YZ, XZ 1, 2, 3 Principal elastic strain. INT Elastic strain intensity. EQV Elastic equivalent strain. X, Y, Z, XY, Component thermal strain. YZ, XZ 1, 2, 3 Principal thermal strain. INT Thermal strain intensity. EQV Thermal equivalent strain. X, Y, Z, XY, Component plastic strain. YZ, XZ 1, 2, 3 Principal plastic strain. INT Plastic strain intensity. EQV Plastic equivalent strain. X, Y, Z, XY, file://D:\Documents%20and%20Settings\Administrator\Local%20Settings\Temp\~hh... 20.05.2004
Item S " " " EPEL " " " EPTH " " " EPPL " " "
E Commands EPCR " " " NL " " " " " SEND " " YZ, XZ 1,2,3 INT EQV SEPL SRAT HPRES EPEQ PSV PLWK ELASTIC PLASTIC CREEP
Page 164 of 202 Component creep strain. Principal creep strain. Creep strain intensity. Creep equivalent strain. Equivalent stress (from stress-strain curve). Stress state ratio. Hydrostatic pressure. Accumulated equivalent plastic strain. Plastic state variable. Plastic work/volume. Elastic strain energy density. Plastic strain energy density. Creep strain energy density. Contact status. 3-closed and sticking, 2-closed and sliding, 1-open but near contact, 0-open and not near contact. Contact penetration. Contact pressure. Contact friction stress Contact total stress (pressure plus friction) Contact sliding distance Contact gap distance Total heat flux at contact surface Component thermal gradient or vector sum. Component thermal flux or vector sum. Component pressure gradient or vector sum. Component electric field or vector sum. Component electric flux density or vector sum. Component magnetic field intensity or vector sum. Component magnetic flux density or vector sum. Component magnetic forces or vector sum. Component structural force. Component structural moment. Heat flow. Fluid flow. Current flow. Magnetic flux. Component fluid force. Component magnetic current segment. "Stiffness" energy. Kinetic energy. Element Joule heat generation (coupled-field calculation). Source current density (coupled-field calculation) in the global Cartesian coordinate system. Total current density components and vector sum. Magnetics Reynolds number
CONT STAT PENE PRES SFRIC STOT SLIDE GAP FLUX TG X, Y, Z, SUM TF X, Y, Z, SUM PG X, Y, Z, SUM EF X, Y, Z, SUM D X, Y, Z, SUM H X, Y, Z, SUM B X, Y, Z, SUM FMAG X, Y, Z, SUM F X, Y, Z M X, Y, Z HEAT FLOW AMPS FLUX VF X, Y, Z CSG X, Y, Z SENE KENE JHEAT JS JT MRE X, Y, Z, SUM X, Y, Z, SUM " " " " " " "
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Page 165 of 202 Volume of volume element. Body temperatures (calculated from applied temperatures) as used in solution (area and volume elements only).
Menu Paths
Main Menu>TimeHist Postpro>Define Variables Main Menu>TimeHist Postpro>Elec&Mag>Circuit>Define Variables
Prev ESLV Prev ESORT E Commands
Next ESORT Next
ESORT
Name
ESORT, Item, Lab, ORDER, KABS, NUMB Sorts the element table. group: POST1:Element Table product: MP ME ST DY PR EM FL PP ED
Item
Label identifying the item: ETAB -(currently the only Item available)
Lab
element table label: Lab -Any user-defined label from the ETABLE command (input in the Lab field of the ETABLE command).
ORDER
Order of sort operation: 0 -Sort into descending order. file://D:\Documents%20and%20Settings\Administrator\Local%20Settings\Temp\~hh... 20.05.2004
E Commands 1 -Sort into ascending order.

KABS
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Absolute value key: 0 -Sort according to real value. 1 -Sort according to absolute value.
NUMB
Number of elements (element table rows) to be sorted in ascending or descending order (ORDER) before sort is stopped (remainder will be in unsorted sequence) (defaults to all elements).
Command Default
Use ascending element number order.
Notes
The element table rows are sorted based on the column containing the Lab values. Use EUSORT to restore the original order. If ESORT is specified with PowerGraphics on [/GRAPHICS,POWER], then the nodal solution results listing [PRNSOL] will be the same as with the full graphics mode [/GRAPHICS,FULL].
Menu Paths
Main Menu>General Postproc>List Results>Sort Elems
Prev ESOL Prev ESSOLV E Commands
Next ESSOLV Next
ESSOLV
Name
ESSOLV, Electit, Strutit, DIMN, MORPHOPT, Mcomp, Xcomp, ELECTOL, STRUTOL, MXLOOP, --, RUSEKY, RESTKY, EISCOMP Performs a coupled electrostatic-structural analysis.
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Electit
Title of the electrostatics physics file as assigned by the PHYSICS command.

Strutit
Title of the structural physics file as assigned by the PHYSICS command.

DIMN
Model dimensionality (a default is not allowed): 2 -2-D model. 3 -3-D model.

MORPHOPT
Morphing option: <0 -Do not perform any mesh morphing or remeshing. 0 -Remesh the non-structural regions for each recursive loop only if mesh morphing fails (default). 1 -Remesh the non-structural regions each recursive loop and bypass mesh morphing. 2 -Perform mesh morphing only, do not remesh any non-structural regions.
Mcomp
Component name of the region to be morphed. For 2-D models, the component may be elements or areas. For 3-D models, the component may be elements or volumes. A component must be specified. You must enclose name-strings in single quotes in the ESSOLV command line.
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Xcomp
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Component name of entities excluded from morphing. In the 2-D case, it is the component name for the lines excluded from morphing. In the 3-D case, it is component name for the areas excluded from morphing. Defaults to exterior non-shared entities (see the DAMORPH, DVMORPH, and DEMORPH commands). You must enclose name-strings in single quotes in the ESSOLV command line.
ELECTOL
Electrostatic energy convergence tolerance. Defaults to .005 (.5%) of the value computed from the previous iteration. If less than zero, the convergence criteria based on electrostatics results is turned off.
STRUTOL
Structural maximum displacement convergence tolerance. Defaults to .005 (.5%) of the value computed from the previous iteration. If less than zero, the convergence criteria base on structural results is turned off.
MXLOOP
Maximum number of allowable solution recursive loops. A single pass through both an electrostatics and structural analysis constitutes one loop. Defaults to 100. -Unused field.
RUSEKY
Reuse flag option: =1 -Assumes inital run of ESSOLV using base geometry for the first electrostatics solution. >1 -Assumes ESSOLV run is a continuation of a previous ESSOLV run, whereby the morphed geometry is used for the initial electrostatic simulation.
RESTKY
Structural restart key. 0 -Use static solution option for structural solution. 1 -Use static restart solution option for structural solution.
EISCOMP
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Element component name for elements containing initial stress data residing in file jobname.ist. The inital stress data must be defined prior to issuing ESSOLV (see ISFILE command).
Notes
ESSOLV invokes an ANSYS macro which automatically performs a coupled electrostatic-structural analysis. The macro displays periodic updates of the convergence. If non-structural regions are remeshed during the analysis, boundary conditions and loads applied to nodes and elements will be lost. Accordingly, it is better to assign boundary conditions and loads to the solid model. Use RUSEKY>1 for solving multiple ESSOLV simulations for different excitation levels (i.e., for running a voltage sweep). Do not issue the SAVE command to save the database between ESSOLV calls. For nonlinear structural solutions, the structural restart option (RESTKY=1) may improve solution time by starting from the previous converged structural solution. For solid elements, ESSOLV automatically detects the air-structure interface and applies a Maxwell surface flag on the electrostatic elements. This flag is used to initiate the transfer for forces from the electrostatic region to the structure. When using the ESSOLV command with structural shell elements (e.g. SHELL63, SHELL93), you must manually apply the Maxwell surface flag on all air elements surrounding the shells before writing the final electrostatic physics file. Use the SFA command to apply the Maxwell surface flag to the areas representing the shell elements. This will ensure that the air elements next to both sides of the shells receive the Maxwell surface flag.
Note
If lower-order structural solids or shells are used, set KEYOPT(7)=1 for the electrostatic element types to ensure the correct transfer of forces. Information on creating the initial stress file is documented in the Intial Stress Loading section in the ANSYS Basic Analysis Guide.
Menu Paths
Main Menu>Preprocessor>Physics>Elec/struc Main Menu>Solution>Physics>Elec/struc
Prev ESORT Prev ESTIF E Commands
Next ESTIF Next
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ESTIF
Name
ESTIF, KMULT Specifies the matrix multiplier for deactivated elements. group: SOLUTION:Birth and Death product: MP ME ST PP ED
KMULT
Stiffness matrix multiplier for deactivated elements (defaults to 1.0E-6).
Command Default
Use 1.0E-6 as the multiplier.
Notes
Specifies the stiffness matrix multiplier for elements deactivated with the EKILL command (birth and death). This command is also valid in PREP7.
Menu Paths
Main Menu>Preprocessor>Loads>Other>StiffnessMult Main Menu>Solution>Other>StiffnessMult
Prev ESSOLV Prev ESURF E Commands
Next ESURF Next
ESURF
Name
ESURF, XNODE, Tlab , Shape Generates elements overlaid on the free faces of existing selected elements. group: PREP7:Elements
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XNODE
Used only when generating SURF151 or SURF152 elements with KEYOPT(5) = 1. XNODE is the single extra node number (ID) used with these surface elements. There is no default. XNODE must be specified if KEYOPT(5) = 1. If XNODE = P, graphical picking is enabled and all remaining command fields are ignored (valid only in the GUI). A parameter or parametric expression can be substituted for XNODE.
Tlab
Used to generate target and contact elements with correct direction of normals. This label is used only with TARGE169, TARGE170, CONTA171, CONTA172, CONTA173, and CONTA174 elements. TOP -Generates target and contact elements over beam and shell elements with the normals the same as the underlying beam and shell elements (default). BOTTOM -Generates target and contact elements over beam and shell elements with the normals opposite to the underlying beam and shell elements. REVERSE -Reverses the direction of the normals on existing selected target and contact elements.
Shape
Used to specify the element shape for target element TARGE170. (blank) -The target element takes the same shape as the external surface of the underlying element (default). TRI -Generates several triangular facet target elements.
Notes
Generates elements of the currently active element type overlaid on the free faces of existing elements. For example, surface elements (SURF151, SURF152, SURF153, or SURF154) can be generated over solid elements (PLANE55, SOLID70, PLANE42, SOLID45, respectively). Element faces are determined from the selected node set [NSEL] and the load faces for that element type. The operation is similar to that used for generating element loads from selected nodes with the SF,ALL command, except that elements, instead of loads, are generated. All nodes on the face must be selected for the face to be used. For shell elements, only face one of the element is available. If nodes
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are shared by adjacent selected element faces, the faces are not free and no element will be generated. Elements created by ESURF will be oriented such that their surface load directions are consistent with those of the underlying elements. Generated elements, as well as their orientation, should be checked carefully. Generated elements use the existing nodes and the active MAT, TYPE, REAL, and ESYS attributes, except when Tlab = REVERSE. The reversed target and contact elements will have the same attributes as the original elements. If the underlying elements are solid elements, Tlab = TOP or BOTTOM has no effect. By default, when the command generates a target element the shape will be the same as that of the underlying element. While not recommended, you can issue ESURF ,,,TRI to generate several facet triangle elements.
Menu Paths
Main Menu>Preprocessor>Create>Elements>Inf Acoustic Main Menu>Preprocessor>Create>Elements>Surf Effect>Extra Node Main Menu>Preprocessor>Create>Elements>Surf Effect>No extra Node Main Menu>Preprocessor>Create>Elements>Surf to Surf
Prev ESTIF Prev ESYM E Commands
Next ESYM Next
ESYM
Name
ESYM, --, NINC, IEL1, IEL2, IEINC Generates elements from a pattern by a symmetry reflection. group: PREP7:Elements product: MP ME ST DY PR EM FL PP ED
-Unused field.
NINC
Increment nodes in the given pattern by NINC.

IEL1, IEL2, IEINC
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Reflect elements from pattern beginning with IEL1 to IEL2 (defaults to IEL1) in steps of IEINC (defaults to 1). If IEL1 = ALL, IEL2 and IEINC are ignored and pattern is all selected elements [ESEL]. If IEL1 = P, graphical picking is enabled and all remaining command fields are ignored (valid only in the GUI). A component name may also be substituted for IEL1 (IEL2 and IEINC are ignored).
Notes
Generates additional elements from a given pattern (similar to EGEN ) except with a "symmetry" reflection. The operation generates a new element by incrementing the nodes on the original element, and reversing and shifting the node connectivity pattern. For example, for a 4-node 2-D element, the nodes in positions I,J,K and L of the original element are placed in positions J,I,L and K of the reflected element. Similar permutations occur for all other element types. For line elements, the nodes in positions I and J of the original element are placed in positions J and I of the reflected element. In releases prior to ANSYS 5.5, no node pattern reversing and shifting occurred for line elements generated by ESYM. To achieve the same results with ANSYS 5.5 as you did in prior releases, use the EGEN command instead. It is recommended that symmetry elements be displayed and graphically reviewed. If the nodes are also reflected (as with the NSYM command) this pattern is such that the orientation of the symmetry element remains similar to the original element (i.e., clockwise elements are generated from clockwise elements). For a non-reflected node pattern, the reversed orientation has the effect of reversing the outward normal direction (clockwise elements are generated from counter-clockwise elements).
Note
Since nodes may be defined anywhere in the model independently of this command, any orientation of the "symmetry" elements is possible. See also the ENSYM command for modifying existing elements.
Menu Paths
Main Menu>Preprocessor>Reflect>Auto Numbered
Prev ESURF Prev ESYS E Commands
Next ESYS Next
ESYS
Name
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E Commands ESYS, KCN Sets the element coordinate system attribute pointer. group: PREP7:Meshing PREP7:Elements product: MP ME ST DY PR EM FL PP ED
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KCN
Coordinate system number: 0 -Use element coordinate system orientation as defined (either by default or by KEYOPT setting) for the element (default).
N
-Use element coordinate system orientation parallel to local coordinate system N (where N must be greater than 10). For global system 0, 1, or 2, define a local system N parallel to appropriate system with the LOCAL or CS command (for example: LOCAL,11,1).
Command Default
Use element coordinate system orientation as defined (either by default or by KEYOPT setting) for the element (default).
Notes
Identifies an element coordinate system to be assigned to subsequently defined elements. Used only with area and volume elements. This number refers to the coordinate system reference number ( KCN) defined using the LOCAL (or similar) command. Element coordinate system numbers may be displayed [/PNUM].
Menu Paths
Main Menu>Preprocessor>Create>Elements>Elem Attributes Main Menu>Preprocessor>Define>Default Attribs
Prev ESYM Prev ET E Commands
Next ET Next
ET
Name
E Commands
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ET, ITYPE, Ename, KOP1, KOP2, KOP3, KOP4, KOP5, KOP6, INOPR Defines a local element type from the element library. group: PREP7:Element Type product: MP ME ST DY PR EM EH FL PP ED
ITYPE
Arbitrary local element type number. Defaults to 1 + current maximum.

Ename
Element name (or number) as given in the element library in Chapter 4 of the ANSYS Elements Reference. The name consists of a category prefix and a unique number, such as BEAM3. The category prefix of the name (BEAM for the example) may be omitted but is displayed upon output for clarity. If Ename = 0, the element is defined as a null element.
KOP1, KOP2, KOP3, KOP4, KOP5, KOP6
KEYOPT values (1 through 6) for this element, as described in Chapter 4 of the ANSYS Elements Reference.
INOPR
If 1, suppress all element solution printout for this element type.
Notes
Elements types are selected from the element library (and are therefore established as local element types for the current model) by this command. Information derived from the element type is used for succeeding commands, so the ET command(s) should be entered early. The ANSYS Elements Reference describes the various elements which are available in the ANSYS library. For example, if a 2-D plane quadrilateral structural element type is desired, Ename should be PLANE42 or 42. A special option, Ename = 0, permits this element type to be ignored during solution without actually removing the element from the model. Ename may be set to zero only after the element type has been previously defined with a nonzero Ename. The preferred method of ignoring elements is to use the select commands (such as ESEL). are element option keys. These keys (referred to as KEYOPT( n)) are used to turn on certain element options for this element. These options are listed under "KEYOPT" in the input table for each element type in Chapter 4 of the ANSYS Elements Reference. KEYOPT values include stiffness formulation options, printout controls, and various other element options. If KEYOPT(7) or greater is needed, input their values with the KEYOPT command.
KOPn
The ET command only defines an element type local to your model (from the types in the element library). The TYPE or similar [KATT, LATT , AATT, or VATT ] command must be used to point to the desired local element type before meshing. To activate the ANSYS program's LS-DYNA explicit dynamic analysis capability, use the ET
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command or its GUI equivalent to choose an element that works only with LS-DYNA (such as SHELL163). Choosing LS-DYNA in the Preferences dialog box does not activate LS-DYNA; it simply makes items and options related to LS-DYNA accessible in the GUI.
Menu Paths
Main Menu>Preprocessor>Element Type>Add/Edit/Delete
Prev ESYS Prev ETABLE E Commands
Next ETABLE Next
ETABLE
Name
ETABLE, Lab, Item, Comp Fills a table of element values for further processing. group: POST1:Element Table product: MP ME ST DY PR EM FL PP ED
Lab
Any unique user defined label for use in subsequent commands and output headings (maximum of eight characters and not a General predefined Item label). Defaults to an eight character label formed by concatenating the first four characters of the Item and Comp labels. If the same as a previous user label, this result item will be included under the same label. Up to 200 different labels may be defined. The following labels are pre-defined by ANSYS and cannot be used as user-defined labels: REFL, STAT, and ERAS. Lab = REFL refills all tables previously defined with the ETABLE commands (not the CALC module commands) according to the latest ETABLE specifications and is convenient for refilling tables after the load step [*SET] has been changed. Remaining fields will be ignored if Lab is REFL. Lab = STAT displays stored table values. Lab = ERAS erases the entire table.
Item
Label identifying the item. General item labels are shown in the table below. Some items also require a component label. Character parameters may be used. Item = ERAS erases a Lab column.
Comp
Component of the item (if required). General component labels are shown in the table below. Character parameters may be used. file://D:\Documents%20and%20Settings\Administrator\Local%20Settings\Temp\~hh... 20.05.2004
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Notes
Defines a table of values per element (the element table) for use in further processing (see POST1 Element Table commands). The element table is organized as a "worksheet," with the rows representing all selected elements, and the columns consisting of result items which have been moved into the table (Item,Comp) with ETABLE. Each column of data is identified by a userdefined label (Lab) for listings and displays. After entering the data into the element table, you are not limited to merely listing or displaying your data [PLESOL, PRESOL, etc]. You may also perform many types of operations on your data, such as adding or multiplying columns [SADD, SMULT], defining allowable stresses for safety calculations [SALLOW], or multiplying one column by another [SMULT]. See the ANSYS Basic Analysis Guide for further details. There are different types of results data that may be stored in the element table. For example, many items for an element are inherently single-valued (i.e., there is only one value per element). The single-valued items include: SERR, SDSG, TERR, TDSG, SENE, TENE, KENE, JHEAT, JS, VOLU, and CENT. All other items are multi-valued (i.e., they vary over the element, such that there is a different value at each node). Since only one value is stored in the element table per element, an average value (based on the number of contributing nodes) is calculated for multi-valued items. Exceptions to this averaging procedure are FMAG and all element force items, which represent the sum only of the contributing nodal values. There are two methods of data access that may be used with the ETABLE command. The method you choose will depend upon the type of data that you wish to store. Some results can be accessed just with the use of a generic label (Component Name method), while others require a label and number (Sequence Number method). The Component Name method is used to access the General element data (that is, element data which is generally available to most element types or groups of element types). All of the singlevalued items and some of the more general multi-valued items are accessible with the Component Name method. Various element results depend on the calculation method and the selected results location (AVPRIN, RSYS, LAYER, SHELL, and ESEL). Although nodal data is readily available for listings and displays [PRNSOL, PLNSOL] without using the element table, you may also use the Component Name method to enter these results into the element table for further "worksheet" manipulation (see the ANSYS Basic Analysis Guide for more details). A listing of the General Item and Comp labels for the Component Name method is shown below. The Sequence Number method allows you to view results for data that is not averaged (such as pressures at nodes, temperatures at integration points, etc.), or data that is not easily described in a generic fashion (such as all derived data for structural line elements and contact elements, all derived data for thermal line elements, layer data for layered elements, etc.). A table illustrating the Items (such as LS, LEPEL, LEPTH, SMISC, NMISC, SURF, etc.) and corresponding sequence numbers for each element is shown in the Output Data section of each element description found in Chapter 4 of the ANSYS Elements Reference. Some element table data are reported in the results coordinate system. These include all component results (for example, UX, UY, etc.; SX, SY, etc.). The solution writes component results in the database and on the results file in the solution coordinate system. When you issue the ETABLE command, these results are then transformed into the results coordinate system [RSYS] before being stored in the element table. The default results coordinate system is global Cartesian [RSYS,0]. All
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other data are retrieved from the database and stored in the element table with no coordinate transformation. Use the PRETAB, PLETAB, or ETABLE,STAT commands to display the stored table values. Issue ETABLE,ERAS to erase the entire table. Issue ETABLE,Lab,ERAS to erase a Lab column. When the GUI is on, if a Delete operation in a Define Element Table Data dialog box writes this command to a log file ( Jobname.LOG or Jobname.LGW), you will observe that Lab is blank, Item = ERASE, and Comp is an integer number. In this case, the GUI has assigned a value of Comp that corresponds to the location of a chosen variable name in the dialog box's list. It is not intended that you type in such a location value for Comp in an ANSYS session. However, a file that contains a GUI-generated ETABLE command of this form can be used for batch input or for use with the /INPUT command. ETABLE - General Item and Component Labels General Item and Component Labels ETABLELab, Item, Comp Item Comp Description Valid Item Labels for Degree of Freedom Results U X, Y, Z X, Y, or Z structural displacement. ROT X, Y, Z X, Y, or Z structural rotation. TEMP Temperature. PRES Pressure. VOLT Electric potential. MAG Magnetic scalar potential. V X, Y, Z X, Y, or Z fluid velocity. A X, Y, Z X, Y, or Z magnetic vector potential. CURR Current. EMF Electromotive force drop. ENKE Turbulent kinetic energy. ENDS Turbulent energy dissipation. Mass fraction of species n, where n = 1 to 6. If a species is given a userSP0 n defined name [MSSPEC], use that name instead of SP0 n. Valid Item Labels for FLOTRAN Nodal Results TTOT Total temperature. HFLU Heat flux. HFLM Heat transfer (film) coefficient. COND Fluid laminar conductivity. PCOE Pressure coefficient. PTOT Total (stagnation) pressure. MACH Mach number. STRM Stream function. (2-D applications only.) DENS Fluid density. VISC Fluid laminar viscosity. EVIS Fluid effective viscosity. ECON Fluid effective conductivity. YPLU Y+, a turbulent law of the wall parameter.
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TAUW Shear stress at the wall. LMDn Laminar mass diffusion coefficient for species n, where n = 1 to 6. EMDn Effective mass diffusion coefficient for species n, where n = 1 to 6. Valid Item and Component Labels for Element Results X, Y, Z, S XY, YZ, Component stress. XZ " 1, 2, 3 Principal stress. " INT Stress intensity. " EQV Equivalent stress. X, Y, Z, EPEL XY, YZ, Component elastic strain. XZ " 1, 2, 3 Principal elastic strain. " INT Elastic strain intensity. " EQV Elastic equivalent strain. X, Y, Z, EPTH XY, YZ, Component thermal strain. XZ " 1, 2, 3 Principal thermal strain. " INT Thermal strain intensity. " EQV Thermal equivalent strain. X, Y, Z, EPPL XY, YZ, Component plastic strain. XZ " 1, 2, 3 Principal plastic strain. " INT Plastic strain intensity. " EQV Plastic equivalent strain. X, Y, Z, EPCR XY, YZ, Component creep strain. XZ " 1, 2, 3 Principal creep strain. " INT Creep strain intensity. " EQV Creep equivalent strain. EPSW Swelling strain. X, Y, Z, Component total mechanical strain (excluding thermal) (EPEL + EPPL + EPTO XY, YZ, EPCR). XZ " 1, 2, 3 Principal total mechanical strain. " INT Total mechanical strain intensity. " EQV Total equivalent mechanical strain. X, Y, Z, EPTT XY, YZ, Component total strain including thermal (EPEL + EPTH + EPPL + EPCR). XZ " 1, 2, 3 Principal total strain. " INT Total strain intensity. " EQV Total equivalent strain.
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E Commands NL SEPL " SRAT " HPRES " EPEQ " PSV " PLWK SEND ELASTIC " PLASTIC " CREEP X, Y, Z, TG SUM X, Y, Z, TF SUM X, Y, Z, PG SUM X, Y, Z, EF SUM X, Y, Z, D SUM X, Y, Z, H SUM X, Y, Z, B SUM X, Y, Z, FMAG SUM SERR SDSG TERR TDSG F M HEAT FLOW AMPS FLUX VF CSG SENE X, Y, Z X, Y, Z
Page 180 of 202 Equivalent stress (from stress-strain curve). Stress state ratio. Hydrostatic pressure. Accumulated equivalent plastic strain. Plastic state variable. VISCO106, VISCO107, and VISCO108 only. Plastic work/volume. VISCO106, VISCO107, and VISCO108 only. Elastic strain energy density. Plastic strain energy density. Creep strain energy density. Component thermal gradient or vector sum. Component thermal flux or vector sum. Component pressure gradient or vector sum. Component electric field or vector sum. Component electric flux density or vector sum. Component magnetic field intensity or vector sum. Component magnetic flux density or vector sum. Component magnetic forces or vector sum. Structural error energy. Absolute value of maximum variation of any nodal stress component. Thermal error energy. Absolute value of the maximum variation of any nodal thermal gradient component. Component structural force. Sum of element nodal values. Component structural moment. Sum of element nodal values. Heat flow. Sum of element nodal values. Fluid flow. Sum of element nodal values. Current flow. Sum of element nodal values. Magnetic flux. Sum of element nodal values. Component fluid force. Component magnetic current segment. "Stiffness" energy or thermal heat dissipation (applies to all elements where meaningful). Same as TENE. Artificial energy of the element. This includes the sum of hourglass control energy and energy generated by in-plane drilling stiffness from shell elements (applies to all elements where meaningful). The energy is used for comparisons to SENE energy to predict the solution error due to artificial stiffness. See the ANSYS, Inc. Theory Reference. Thermal heat dissipation or "stiffness" energy (applies to all elements where meaningful). Same as SENE.
X, Y, Z X, Y, Z
AENE
TENE
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Page 181 of 202 Kinetic energy (applies to all elements where meaningful). Element Joule heat generation (coupled-field calculation). Source current density (coupled-field calculation) and vector sum in the global Cartesian coordinate system. Total current density and vector sum Magnetics Reynolds number Element volume. Based on unit thickness for 2-D plane elements (unless the thickness option is used) and on the full 360 degrees for 2-D axisymmetric elements. Undeformed X, Y, or Z location (based on shape function) of the element centroid in the active coordinate system. Body temperatures (calculated from applied temperatures) as used in solution (area and volume elements only). Element summable miscellaneous data value at sequence number snum (shown in the Output Data section of each applicable element description in Chapter 4 of the ANSYS Elements Reference). Element non-summable miscellaneous data value at sequence number snum (shown in the Output Data section of each applicable element description found in Chapter 4 of the ANSYS Elements Reference). Element surface data value at sequence number snum (shown in Surface Solution Index of the ANSYS Elements Reference). Contact status. 3-closed and sticking, 2-closed and sliding, 1-open but near contact, 0-open and not near contact. Contact penetration (zero or positive). Contact pressure. Contact friction stress. Contact total stress (pressure plus friction). Contact sliding distance. Contact gap distance (0 or negative). Total heat flux at contact surface. Densities used for topological optimization. This applies to the following types of elements: PLANE2, PLANE82, SOLID92, SHELL93, SOLID95.
SMISC snum
NMISC snum SURF CONT [1] " " " " " " " TOPO snum STAT PENE PRES SFRIC STOT SLIDE GAP FLUX
1. For the CONT items for elements CONTA171 through CONTA174, the reported data is averaged across the element.
Menu Paths
Main Menu>General Postproc>Element Table>Define Table Main Menu>General Postproc>Element Table>Erase Table
Prev ET Prev ETCHG E Commands
Next ETCHG Next
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ETCHG
Name
ETCHG, Cnv Changes element types to their corresponding types. group: PREP7:Element Type product: MP ME ST DY PR EM EH FL PP ED
Cnv
Converts the element types to the corresponding type. Valid labels are: ETI -Explicit to Implicit ITE -Implicit to Explicit TTE -Thermal to Explicit TTS -Thermal to Structural STT -Structural to Thermal MTT -Magnetic to Thermal FTS -Fluid to Structural ETS -Electrical to Structural
Notes
Changes the currently defined element types to their corresponding types. Elements without a
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companion element (listed above) are not switched and should be switched with the ET command to an appropriate element type or to a null element. The KEYOPT values for the switched element types are reset to zero or to their default values. You must check these values to see if they are still meaningful. Additionally, if Cnv = ETI, ITE, or TTE, all real constants are set to zero. If Cnv = ITE, you will need to choose a material model that corresponds to your previously-defined material properties. If working interactively, you will be prompted to do so. If no conversion type is specified, the command returns to pre-ANSYS 5.4 behavior (that is, the command behaves as if Cnv were set to TTS, STT, MTT, FTS, and ETS, but the KEYOPT values are not reset). Element types LINK8 and LINK10 lack a third node; however, their corresponding companion explicit element types, LINK160 and LINK167, require a third (orientation) node. If you are using element types LINK8 or LINK10, you must first convert the element type using this command and then manually define the third node of LINK160 or LINK167 elements using EMODIF. Also, if you are converting BEAM4 to BEAM161, you may need to manually define the third node of BEAM161 elements as well. However, BEAM4 allows you to define a third, optional node. If you have defined this third node on BEAM4, then the conversion to BEAM161 will be completed automatically when you issue this command. If you did not define the third node on BEAM4, then you must manually define it on BEAM161 using EMODIF.
Element Pairs
ETI -- Explicit to Implicit 160 > 8 163 > 181 165 > 14 161 > 4 164 > 185 166 > 21 ITE -- Implicit to Explicit 4 > 161 8 > 160 10 > 167 14 > 165 21 > 166 185 > 164 181 > 163
Menu Paths
167 > 10 Main Menu>Preprocessor>Element Type>Switch Elem Type
TTE --Thermal to Explicit 55 > 162 57 > 163 70 > 164 TTS -- Thermal to Structural 32 > 1 33 > 8 35 > 2 55 > 42 57 > 63 1 > 32 2 > 35 8 > 33 21 > 71 25 > 75 42 > 55 45 > 70 67 > 42 68 > 8 69 > 45 70 > 45 71 > 21 75 > 25 77 > 82 78 > 83 87 > 92 86 > 70 88 > 77 89 > 90 92 > 87 95 > 90 106 > 55 107 > 70 90 > 95 151 > 153 152 > 154 157 > 63
Prev ETABLE Prev ETDELE E Commands
ETDELE
Name
ETDELE, ITYP1, ITYP2, INC Deletes element types. group: PREP7:Element Type product: MP ME ST DY PR EM FL PP ED
STT -- Structural to Thermal 62 > 70 63 > 57 64 > 70 65 > 70 73 > 70 74 > 77 82 > 77 154 > 152 158 > 87 180 > 33 181 > 57 182 > 55 183 > 77 185 > 70
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FTS -- Fluid to Structural 141 > 42 142 > 45 ETS -- Electrical to Structural 67 > 42 68 > 8 69 > 45 121 > 42/82 123 > 92 122 > 45/95 127 > 92
Deletes element types from ITYP1 to ITYP2 (defaults to ITYP1) in steps of INC (defaults to 1). If ITYP1 = ALL, ITYP2 and INC are ignored and all element types are deleted. Element types are defined with the ET command.
Menu Paths
Main Menu>Preprocessor>Element 128 > 45/95 Type>Add/Edit/Delete 157 > 63 Prev ETCHG ETLIST E Commands
Prev
Next
ETLIST
Name
ETLIST, ITYP1, ITYP2, INC Lists currently defined element types. group: PREP7:Element Type product: MP ME ST DY PR EM FL PP ED
ITYP1, ITYP2, INC
Lists element types from ITYP1 to ITYP2 (defaults to ITYP1) in steps of INC (defaults to 1). If ITYP1 = ALL (default), ITYP2 and INC are ignored and all element types are listed.
Notes
Menu Paths
Utility Menu>List>Properties>Element Types
Prev ETDELE
Next ETYPE
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Prev
Next
ETYPE
Name
ETYPE Specifies "Element types" as the subsequent status topic. group: PREP7:Status product: MP ME ST DY PR EM FL PP ED
Notes
Menu Paths
Utility Menu>List>Status>Preprocessor>Element Types
Prev ETLIST Prev EUSORT E Commands
Next EUSORT Next
EUSORT
Name
EUSORT Restores original order of the element table. group: POST1:Element Table product: MP ME ST DY PR EM FL PP ED
Notes
Changing the selected element set [ESEL] also restores the original element order.
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Menu Paths
Main Menu>General Postproc>List Results>Unsort Elems
Prev ETYPE Prev *EVAL E Commands
Next *EVAL Next
*EVAL
Name
*EVAL, ETYPE, EVPARM , CONST, XMIN, XMAX, XVAL, ECALC Evaluates hyperelastic constants. group: PREP7:Materials product: MP ME ST DY PP ED
ETYPE
The type of hyperelastic constant to evaluate (only one is currently available): 1 -Mooney-Rivlin
EVPARM
The type of hyperelastic equations (mode of deformation) to be used in the evaluation: 1 -Uniaxial (tension or compression) equations. 2 -Equibiaxial (tension or compression) equations. 3 -Shear (Planar Tension or Compression) equations.
CONST
Name of the array parameter containing the determined constants that are to be evaluated. This array must have been previously filled with hyperelastic constant values using the *MOONEY command. file://D:\Documents%20and%20Settings\Administrator\Local%20Settings\Temp\~hh... 20.05.2004
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XMIN
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Minimum engineering strain value for which determined hyperelastic constants will be evaluated. XMIN must have a value greater than -1.
XMAX
Maximum engineering strain value for which determined hyperelastic constants will be evaluated.
XVAL
Name of the array parameter containing the engineering strain values at which the hyperelastic constants will be evaluated. This array must have been previously defined [*DIM] to have dimensions Px1, where P is the number of calculated data points (equally spaced over the range XMIN to XMAX) that will be used to define the curve. P should typically be given a fairly large value in order to generate a smooth curve that accurately reflects the true curve shape.
ECALC
Name of the array parameter in which evaluated engineering stress values are placed. This array must have been previously defined [*DIM] to have dimensions Px1, where P is defined above.
Notes
Evaluates the hyperelastic constants over a specified range of strain values after the *MOONEY command is used. Constants can be used to evaluate engineering stress data outside the range of the input (experimental) stress-strain data. The evaluated stress-strain curves can be displayed by using the *VPLOT command to graph ECALC (evaluated stress array parameter) versus XVAL (strain array parameter). You can also plot evaluated stress-strain curves if you have only Mooney-Rivlin constants (and no laboratory test data). To do a *EVAL in this case, you need to dimension [*DIM] and fill the CONST array with the Mooney-Rivlin constants. You can fill this array fairly easily, given that the CONST array is either 1x2, 1x5, or 1x9 at most.
Menu Paths
Main Menu>Preprocessor>Loads>Other>Change Mat Props>Mooney-Rivlin>Evaluate Const Main Menu>Preprocessor>Material Props>Mooney-Rivlin>Evaluate Const Main Menu>Solution>Other>Change Mat Props>Mooney-Rivlin>Evaluate Const
Prev EUSORT Prev EWRITE E Commands
Next EWRITE Next
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EWRITE
Name
EWRITE, Fname, Ext, Dir, KAPPND, Format Writes elements to a file. group: PREP7:Elements product: MP ME ST DY PR EM FL PP ED
Fname
Ext
Filename extension (8 character maximum). The extension defaults to ELEM if Fname is blank.
Dir

KAPPND
Append key: 0 -Rewind file before the write operation. 1 -Append data to the end of the existing file.
Format
Format key: SHORT -I6 format (the default). LONG -I8 format.
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Notes
Writes the selected elements to a file. The write operation is not necessary in a standard ANSYS run but is provided as as convenience to users wanting a coded element file. Only elements having all of their nodes defined (and selected) are written. Data are written in a coded format. The data description of each record is: I,J,K,L,M,N,O,P,MAT,TYPE,REAL,SECNUM,ESYS,IEL, where MAT, TYPE, REAL, and ESYS are attribute numbers, SECNUM is the beam section number, and IEL is the element number. The format is (14I6) if Format is set to SHORT and (14I8) if the Format is set to LONG, with one element description per record for elements having eight nodes of less. For elements having more than eight nodes, nodes nine and above are written on a second record with the same format.
Menu Paths
Main Menu>Preprocessor>Create>Elements>Write Elem File
Prev *EVAL Prev *EXIT E Commands
Next *EXIT Next
*EXIT
Name
*EXIT Exits a do-loop. group: APDL:Process Controls product: MP ME ST DY PR EM FL PP ED
Notes
The command following the *ENDDO is executed next. The exit option may also be conditional [Use the *IF]. The *EXIT command must appear on the same file as the *DO command. This command is valid in any processor.
Menu Paths
Prev EWRITE
Next /EXIT
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Prev
Next
/EXIT
Name
/EXIT , Slab, Fname, Ext, Dir Stops the run and returns control to the system. group: SESSION:Run Controls product: MP ME ST DY PR EM FL PP ED
Slab
Mode for saving the database: MODEL -Save the model data (solid model, finite element model, loadings, etc.) only (default). SOLU -Save the model data and the solution data (nodal and element results). NOSAVE -Do not save any data on File.DB (an existing DB file will not be overwritten).
Fname

Ext
Filename extension (8 character maximum). The extension defaults to DB if Fname is blank.

Dir
Notes
The current database information may be written on File.DB or a named file. If File.DB already file://D:\Documents%20and%20Settings\Administrator\Local%20Settings\Temp\~hh... 20.05.2004
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exists, a backup file (File.DBB) will also be written whenever a new File.DB is written. This command is valid only at the Begin Level.
Menu Paths
Utility Menu>File>Exit
Prev *EXIT Prev EXP E Commands
Next EXP Next
EXP
Name
EXP, IR, IA, --, --, Name, --, --, FACTA, FACTB Forms the exponential of a variable. group: POST26:Operations product: MP ME ST DY PR EM FL PP ED
IR
IA

--, --
Unused fields.
Name
--, --
Unused fields.
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FACTB
Notes
Forms the exponential of a variable according to the operation:
IR
= FACTB*EXP( FACTA x IA)
Menu Paths
Main Menu>TimeHist Postpro>Math Operations>Exponentiate
Prev /EXIT Prev EXPAND E Commands
Next EXPAND Next
EXPAND
Name
EXPAND, Nrepeat, MODAL, Ndia, Icsys, SctAng, --, Phase Displays the results of a modal cyclic symmetry analysis. group: POST1:Special Purpose product: MP ME ST DY PR PP ED
Nrepeat
Number of sector repetitions for expansion. The default is 0 (no expansion). MODAL Specifies that the expansion is for a modal cyclic symmetry analysis.
Ndia
The nodal diameter ID for the results to expand.
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The coordinate system number used in the modal cyclic symmetry solution. The default is the global cyclindrical coordinate system (specified via the CSYS command where KCN = 1).
SctAng
The sector angle in degrees, equal to 360 divided by the number of cyclic sectors.
--
This field is reserved for future use.

Phase
The phase angle in degrees to use for the expansion. The default is 0. Typically, the value is the peak displacement (or stress/strain) phase angle obtained via the CYCPHASE command.
Notes
Issue this command to display the results of a modal cyclic symmetry analysis. When you issue EXPAND,Nrepeat, subsequent SET commands read data from the results file and expand them to Nrepeat sectors. As long as no entities have been modified, this expansion can be negated (that is, reverted to single sector) by issuing EXPAND with no arguments. If you modify entities and wish to return to the partial model, use the Session Editor (see Restoring Database Contents in the ANSYS Operations Guide). EXPAND displays the results and allows you to print them, as if for a full model. The nodal diameter (automatically retrieved from the results file) appears in the legend column. EXPAND is a specification command valid only in POST1. It is significantly different from the /EXPAND command in several respects, (athough you can use either command to display the results of a modal cyclic symmetry analysis):
?
EXPAND has none of the limitations of the /EXPAND command. EXPAND changes the database by modifying the geometry, the nodal displacements, and element stresses as they are read from the results file, whereas the /EXPAND command does not change the database. You can print results displayed via EXPAND.
Note
EXPAND creates new nodes and elements; therefore, saving (or issuing the /EXIT, ALL command) after issuing the EXPAND command can result in large databases.
Menu Paths
Main Menu>General Postproc>Cyc Expansion
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Prev EXP Prev /EXPAND E Commands
Next /EXPAND Next
/EXPAND
Name
/EXPAND, Nrepeat1, Type1, Method1, DX1, DY1, DZ1, Nrepeat2, Type2, Method2, DX2, DY2, DZ2, Nrepeat3, Type3, Method3, DX3, DY3, DZ3 Allows the creation of a larger graphic display than represented by the actual finite element analysis model. group: POST1:Special Purpose product: MP ME ST DY PR PP ED
Nrepeat1, Nrepeat2, Nrepeat3
The number of repetitions required for the element pattern. The default is 0 (no expansion).
Type1, Type2, Type3
The type of expansion requested. RECT -Causes a Cartesian transformation of DX, DY, and DZ for each pattern (default). POLAR -Causes a polar transformation of DR, D-Theta and DZ for each pattern. AXIS -Causes 2-D axi-symmetric expansion (that is, rotates a 2-D model created in the X-Y plane about the Y axis to create a 3-D model). MODAL -Expands the sector geometry or results for modal cyclic symmetry. When Type1 = MODAL, argument usage differs slightly; the command ignores certain arguments and special arguments become valid. For more information, see Using /EXPAND in a Modal Cyclic Symmetry Analysis. LRECT --
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Causes a Cartesian transformation of DX, DY, and DZ for each pattern about the current local coordinate system (specified via the CSYS command). LPOLAR -Causes a polar transformation of DR, D-Theta, and DZ for each pattern about the local coordinate system (specified via the CSYS command).
Method1, Method2, Method3
The method by which the pattern is repeated. FULL -Causes a normal repeat of the pattern (default). HALF -Uses a symmetry transformation for alternate repeats (to produce an image of a complete circular gear from the image of half a tooth, for example).
DX1, DY1, DZ1, DX2, DY2, DZ2, DX3, DY3, DZ3
The Cartesian or polar increments between the repeated patterns. Also determines the reflection plane. Reflection is about the plane defined by the normal vector (DX, DY, DZ). If you want no translation, specify a small non-zero value. For a half-image expansion, the increment DX, DY, or DZ is doubled so that POLAR,HALF, ,45 produces full images on 90degree centers, and RECT,HALF, ,1 produces full images on 2-meter centers.
Using /EXPAND in a Modal Cyclic Symmetry Analysis

When Type1 = MODAL, the /EXPAND command works like the EXPAND command (but does not change the database by modifying the geometry, nodal displacements and element stresses as read from the results file). Values for DZ1 and all arguments after Nrepeat2 are ignored. The command syntax is as follows: /EXPAND, Nrepeat1, MODAL, Ndia, Icsys, SctAng, --, Phase The following arguments are valid:
Nrepeat1
The number of repetitions required for the element pattern. The default is 0 (no expansion). MODAL Specifies that the expansion is for a modal cyclic symmetry analysis.
Ndia
(input in place of Method1) The nodal diameter ID for the results to expand.
Icsys
(input in place of DX1)
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The coordinate system number used in the modal cyclic symmetry solution. The default is the global cyclindrical coordinate system (specified via the CSYS command where KCN = 1).
SctAng
(input in place of DY1)
The sector angle in degrees, equal to 360 divided by the number of cyclic sectors. -This field is reserved for future use.
Phase
(input in place of Nrepeat2) The phase angle in degrees to use for the expansion. The default is 0. Typically, the value is the peak displacement (or stress/strain) phase angle obtained via the CYCPHASE command.
Notes
You can use the /EXPAND command to perform up to three symmetry expansions at once (that is, X, Y, and Z which is equal to going from a 1/8 model to a full model). Polar expansions allow you to expand a wheel section into a half wheel, then into the half section, and then into the whole. The command displays elements/results when you issue the EPLOT command or postprocessing commands. It displays periodic symmetry models, cyclic symmetry models, and results from modal cyclic symmetry analyses. The command works on all element and result displays, except as noted below. As the graphic display is created, the elements (and results) are repeated as many times as necessary, expanding the geometry and, if necessary, the displacements and stresses. Derived results are not supported. The /EXPAND command has the following limitations:
?
It does not support solid model entities. POLAR, FULL or HALF operations are meaningful only in global cylindrical systems and are not affected by the RSYS or DSYS commands. Cartesian symmetry or unsymmetric operations also occur about the global Cartesian system. It does not average nodal results across sector boundaries, even for averaged plots (such as those obtained via the PLNSOL command).
The /EXPAND command differs significantly from the EXPAND command in several respects:
?
The uses of /EXPAND are of a more general nature, whereas the EXPAND command is intended primarily to expand modal cyclic symmetry results (although you can use either command to display the results of a modal cyclic symmetry analysis). /EXPAND does not change the database as does the EXPAND command. You cannot print results displayed via /EXPAND.
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Menu Paths
Utility Menu>PlotCtrls>Style>Symmetry Expansion>Expansion by values Utility Menu>PlotCtrls>Style>Symmetry Expansion> Utility Menu>PlotCtrls>Style>Symmetry Expansion>Modal Cyclic Symmetry Utility Menu>PlotCtrls>Style>Symmetry Expansion>Periodic/Cyclic Symmetry Expansion
Prev EXPAND Prev EXPASS E Commands
Next EXPASS Next
EXPASS
Name
EXPASS, Key Specifies an expansion pass of an analysis. group: SOLUTION:Analysis Options product: MP ME ST PR PP ED
Key
Expansion pass key: OFF -No expansion pass will be performed (default). ON -An expansion pass will be performed.
Notes
Specifies that an expansion pass of a modal, substructure, buckling, transient, or harmonic analysis is to be performed.
Note
This separate solution pass requires an explicit FINISH to preceding analysis and reentry into SOLUTION. This command is also valid in PREP7.
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Menu Paths
Main Menu>Preprocessor>Loads>ExpansionPass Main Menu>Solution>ExpansionPass
Prev /EXPAND Prev EXPSOL E Commands
Next EXPSOL Next
EXPSOL
Name
EXPSOL, LSTEP, SBSTEP, TIMFRQ, Elcalc Specifies the solution to be expanded for reduced analyses. group: SOLUTION:Load Step Options product: MP ME ST PR PP ED
LSTEP, SBSTEP
Expand the solution identified as load step LSTEP and substep SBSTEP.
TIMFRQ
As an alternative to LSTEP and SBSTEP, expand the solution at, or nearest to, the time value TIMFRQ (for ANTYPE,TRANS or ANTYPE,SUBSTR) or frequency value TIMFRQ (for ANTYPE,HARMIC). LSTEP and SBSTEP should be blank.
Elcalc
Element calculation key: YES -Calculate element results, nodal loads, and reaction loads. NO -Do not calculate these items.
Notes
Specifies the solution to be expanded from analyses that use reduced or mode superposition methods file://D:\Documents%20and%20Settings\Administrator\Local%20Settings\Temp\~hh... 20.05.2004
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(ANTYPE,HARMIC, TRANS, or SUBSTR). Use the NUMEXP command to expand a group of solutions. This command is also valid in PREP7.
Menu Paths
Main Menu>Preprocessor>Loads>ExpansionPass>By Load Step Main Menu>Preprocessor>Loads>ExpansionPass>By Time/Freq Main Menu>Solution>ExpansionPass>By Load Step Main Menu>Solution>ExpansionPass>By Time/Freq
Prev EXPASS Prev EXTOPT E Commands
Next EXTOPT Next
EXTOPT
Name
EXTOPT, Lab, Val1, Val2, Val3 Controls options relating to the generation of volume elements from area elements. group: PREP7:Volumes product: MP ME ST DY PR EM FL PP ED
Lab
Label identifying the control option. The meanings of Val1, Val2, and Val3 will vary depending on Lab. ON -Sets carry-over of the material attributes, real constant attributes, and element coordinate system attributes of the pattern area elements to the generated volume elements. Sets the pattern area mesh to clear when volume generations are done. Val1, Val2 , and Val3 are ignored. OFF -Removes all settings associated with this command. Val1, Val2, and Val3 are ignored. STAT --
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Shows all settings associated with this command. Val1, Val2, and Val3 are ignored. ATTR -Sets carry-over of particular pattern area attributes (materials, real constants, and element coordinate systems) of the pattern area elements to the generated volume elements. (See Note 2.) Val1 can be: 0 -Sets volume elements to use current MAT command settings. 1 -Sets volume elements to use material attributes of the pattern area elements.
Val2
can be:
0 -Sets volume elements to use current REAL command settings. 1 -Sets volume elements to use real constant attributes of the pattern area elements.
Val3
can be:
0 -Sets volume elements to use current ESYS command settings. 1 -Sets volume elements to use element coordinate system attributes of the pattern area elements. ESIZE -Val1 sets the number of element divisions in the direction of volume generation or volume sweep. For VDRAG and VSWEEP , Val1 is overridden by the LESIZE command NDIV setting. Val2 sets the spacing ratio (bias) in the direction of volume generation or volume sweep. If positive, Val2 is the nominal ratio of last division size to first division size (if > 1.0, sizes increase, if < 1.0, sizes decrease). If negative, Val2 is the nominal ratio of center division(s) size to end divisions size. Ratio defaults to 1.0 (uniform spacing). Val3 is ignored. ACLEAR -Sets clearing of pattern area mesh. (See Note 3.) Val1 can be: 0 -Sets pattern area to remain meshed when volume generation is done. 1 --
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Page 201 of 202 Sets pattern area mesh to clear when volume generation is done. Val2 and Val3 are ignored.
VSWE -Indicates that volume sweeping options will be set using Val1 and Val2. Settings specified with EXOPT,VSWE will be used the next time the VSWE command is invoked. If Lab = VSWE, Val1 becomes a label. Val1 can be: AUTO -Indicates whether you will be prompted for the source and target used by VSWE,P or if VSWE should automatically determine the source and target. If Val1 = AUTO, Val2 is ON by default. VSWE will automatically determine the source and target for VSWE,P. You will be allowed to pick more than one volume for sweeping. When Val2 = OFF, the user will be prompted for the source and target for VSWE,P. You will only be allowed to pick one volume for sweeping. TETS -Indicates whether VSWE will tet mesh non-sweepable volumes of leave them unmeshed. If Val1 = TETS, Val2 is OFF by default. Non-sweepable volumes will be left unmeshed. When Val2 = ON, the non-sweepable volumes will be tet meshed if the assigned element type supports tet shaped elements.
Val3 Val1, Val2, Val3
is ignored for Lab = VSWE.
Additional input values as described under each option for Lab.
Notes
1. EXTOPT controls options relating to the generation of volume elements from pattern area elements using the VEXT , VROTAT, VOFFST, VDRAG, and VSWEEP commands. (When using VSWEEP, the pattern area is referred to as the source area.) 2. Enables carry-over of the attributes of the pattern area elements to the generated volume elements when you are using VEXT, VROTAT , VOFFST, or VDRAG. (When using VSWEEP , since the volume already exists, use the VATT command to assign attributes before sweeping.) 3. When you are using VEXT , VROTAT, VOFFST, or VDRAG, enables clearing of the pattern area mesh when volume generations are done. (When you are using VSWEEP , if selected, the area meshes on the pattern (source), target, and/or side areas clear when volume sweeping is done.) 4. Neither EXTOPT,VSWE,AUTO nor EXTOPT,VSWE,TETS will be affected by EXTOPT, ON or EXTOPT, OFF.
Menu Paths
Main Menu>Preprocessor>Mesh>Sweep Opts
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E Commands Main Menu>Preprocessor>Operate>Extrude>Elem Ext Opts
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Prev EXPSOL Prev EXTREM E Commands
Next EXTREM Next
EXTREM
Name
EXTREM, NVAR1, NVAR2, NINC Lists the extreme values for variables. group: POST26:Listing product: MP ME ST DY PR EM FL PP ED
NVAR1, NVAR2, NINC
List extremes for variables NVAR1 through NVAR2 in steps of NINC. Variable range defaults to its maximum. NINC defaults to 1.
Notes
Lists the extreme values (and the corresponding times) for stored and calculated variables. Extremes for stored variables are automatically listed as they are stored. Only the real part of a complex number is used. Extreme values may also be assigned to parameters [*GET].
Menu Paths
Main Menu>TimeHist Postpro>List Extremes
Prev EXTOPT
Next F Commands
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F Commands F Commands ANSYS Commands Reference
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Prev
Next
F Commands
Table of Contents F /FACET FATIGUE FC FCDELE FCLIST FCUM FDELE /FDELE FE FEBODY FECONS FEFOR FELIST FESURF FILE FILEAUX2 FILEAUX3 FILEDISP FILL FILLDATA /FILNAME FINISH FITEM FK FKDELE FKLIST FL FLANGE FLDATA FLDATA1 FLDATA2 FLDATA3 FLDATA4 FLDATA4A FLDATA5 FLDATA6 FLDATA7 FLDATA8 FLDATA9 FLDATA10 FLDATA11 FLDATA12
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F Commands FLDATA13 FLDATA14 FLDATA15 FLDATA16 FLDATA17 FLDATA18 FLDATA19 FLDATA20 FLDATA20A FLDATA20B FLDATA21 FLDATA22 FLDATA23 FLDATA24 FLDATA24A FLDATA24B FLDATA24C FLDATA24D FLDATA25 FLDATA26 FLDATA27 FLDATA28 FLDATA29 FLDATA30 FLDATA31 FLDATA32 FLDATA33 FLDATA34 FLDATA35 FLDATA36 FLDATA37 FLIST FLLIST FLOCHECK FLOTRAN FLREAD FLST FLUXV FMAGBC FMAGSUM /FOCUS FOR2D FORCE FORM /FORMAT FP FPLIST FREQ FS FSCALE FSDELE FSLIST FSNODE FSPLOT FSSECT file://D:\Documents%20and%20Settings\Administrator\Local%20Settings\Temp\~hh...
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F Commands FSSOLV FSUM FTCALC FTRAN FTSIZE FTWRITE /FTYPE FVMESH
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Prev EXTREM Prev F F Commands
Next F Next
F
Name
F, NODE, Lab, VALUE, VALUE2, NEND, NINC Specifies force loads at nodes. group: SOLUTION:FE Forces product: MP ME ST PR EM PP ED
NODE
Node at which force is to be specified. If ALL, NEND and NINC are ignored and forces are applied to all selected nodes [NSEL]. If NODE = P, graphical picking is enabled and all remaining command fields are ignored (valid only in the GUI). A component name may also be substituted for NODE.
Lab
Valid force label. Structural labels: FX, FY, or FZ (forces); MX, MY, or MZ (moments). Thermal labels: HEAT (heat flow). Fluid labels: FLOW (fluid flow). Electric labels: AMPS (current flow), CHRG (electric charge). Magnetic labels: FLUX (magnetic flux); CSGX, CSGY, or CSGZ (magnetic current segments). FLOTRAN labels: FX, FY, or FZ (forces).
VALUE
Force value or table name reference for specifying tabular boundary conditions. To specify a table, enclose the table name in percent signs (%), e.g., F, NODE, HEAT,% tabname%). Use the *DIM command to define a table.
VALUE2
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Second force value (if any). If the analysis type and the force allow a complex input, VALUE (above) is the real component and VALUE2 is the imaginary component.
NEND, NINC
Specifies the same values of force at the nodes ranging from NODE to NEND (defaults to NODE), in steps of NINC (defaults to 1).
Notes
The available force loads per node correspond to the degrees of freedom listed under "Degrees of Freedom" in the input table for each element type in the ANSYS Elements Reference. If both a force and a constrained degree of freedom [D] are specified at the same node, the constraint takes precedence. Forces are defined in the nodal coordinate system. The positive directions of structural forces and moments are along and about the positive nodal axis directions. The node and the degree of freedom label corresponding to the force must be selected [NSEL,DOFSEL]. Tabular boundary conditions ( VALUE = % tabname%) are available only for the following labels: Fluid (FLOW), Electric (AMPS), Structural and Thermal force labels (FX, FY, FZ, MX, MY, MZ, HEAT), and FLOTRAN (FX, FY, FZ). All labels are valid only in static (ANTYPE,STATIC) and full transient (ANTYPE,TRANS) analyses. This command is also valid in PREP7.
Menu Paths
Main Menu>Preprocessor>Loads>Apply>Excitation>On Nodes Main Menu>Preprocessor>Loads>Apply>Force/Moment>On Nodes Main Menu>Preprocessor>Loads>Apply>Heat Flow>On Nodes Main Menu>Preprocessor>Loads>Apply>Other>On Nodes Main Menu>Preprocessor>Loads>Apply>Spectrum>On Nodes Main Menu>Solution>Apply>Excitation>On Nodes Main Menu>Solution>Apply>Force/Moment>On Nodes Main Menu>Solution>Apply>Heat Flow>On Nodes Main Menu>Solution>Apply>Other>On Nodes Main Menu>Solution>Apply>Spectrum>On Nodes
Prev F Commands Prev /FACET F Commands
Next /FACET Next
/FACET
Name
F Commands /FACET, Lab Specifies the facet representation used to form solid model displays. group: GRAPHICS:Style product: MP ME ST DY PR EM FL PP ED
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Lab
Valid labels: FINE -Use finer tessellation to increase the number of facets for the display. Provides the best representation (but decreases speed of operation). NORML -Use the basic number of facets for the display (default). COAR -Use a limited number of facets for the display. This option will increase the speed of the operations, but may produce poor representations for some imported models. WIRE -Display model with a wireframe representation (fast, but surfaces will not be shown).
Command Default
Basic number of facets.
Notes
Specifies the facet (or polygon) representation used to form solid model displays. Used only with the APLOT, ASUM, VPLOT, and VSUM commands. This command is valid in any processor.
Menu Paths
Utility Menu>PlotCtrls>Style>Solid Model Facets
Prev F Prev FATIGUE F Commands
Next FATIGUE Next
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FATIGUE
Name
FATIGUE Specifies "Fatigue data status" as the subsequent status topic. group: PREP7:Status product: MP ME ST DY PR EM FL PP ED
Notes
Menu Paths
Utility Menu>List>Status>General Postproc>Fatigue Calcs
Prev /FACET Prev FC F Commands
Next FC Next
FC
Name
FC, MAT, Lab1, Lab2, DATA1-6 Provides failure criteria information and activates a data table to input temperature-dependent stress and strain limits. group: PREP7:Data Tables product: MP ME ST DY PR EM EH PP ED
MAT
Material reference number. You can define failure criteria for up to ten different materials.
Lab1
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F Commands Type of data. TEMP --
Page 7 of 155
Temperatures. Each of the materials you define can have a different set of temperatures to define the failure criteria. EPEL -Strains. S -Stresses.
Lab2
Specific criteria. Not used if Lab1=TEMP. XTEN -Allowable tensile stress or strain in the x-direction. (Must be positive.) XCMP -Allowable compressive stress or strain in the x-direction. (Defaults to negative of XTEN.) YTEN -Allowable tensile stress or strain in the y-direction. (Must be positive.) YCMP -Allowable compressive stress or strain in the y-direction. (Defaults to negative of YTEN.) ZTEN -Allowable tensile stress or strain in the z-direction. (Must be positive.) ZCMP -Allowable compressive stress or strain in the z-direction. (Defaults to negative of ZTEN.) XY -Allowable XY stress or shear strain. (Must be positive.) YZ -Allowable YZ stress or shear strain. (Must be positive.) XZ --
20.05.2004
F Commands Allowable XZ stress or shear strain. (Must be positive.) XYCP -XY coupling coefficient (Used only if Lab1 = S). Defaults to -1.0. YZCP -YZ coupling coefficient (Used only if Lab1 = S). Defaults to -1.0. XZCP -XZ coupling coefficient (Used only if Lab1 = S). Defaults to -1.0.
DATA1-6
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Description of DATA1 through DATA6. T1, T2, T3, T4, T5, T6 -Temperature at which limit data is input. Used only when Lab1 = TEMP. V1, V2, V3, V4, V5, V6 -Value of limit stress or strain at temperature T1 through T6. Used only when Lab1 = S or EPEL.
Notes
Some plotting and printing functions will not support Failure Criteria for your PowerGraphics displays. This could result in minor changes to other data when Failure Criteria are applied. See the appropriate plot or print command documentation for more information .
Menu Paths
Main Menu>General Postproc>Failure Criteria>Add/Edit Main Menu>General Postproc>Failure Criteria>Temp Variation
Prev FATIGUE Prev FCDELE F Commands
Next FCDELE Next
FCDELE
Name
FCDELE, MAT Deletes previously defined failure criterion data for the given material.
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F Commands group: PREP7:Data Tables product: MP ME ST DY PR EM PP ED
Page 9 of 155
MAT
Material number. Deletes all FC command input for this material.
Notes
This command is also valid in POST1.
Menu Paths
Main Menu>General Postproc>Failure Criteria>Delete
Prev FC Prev FCLIST F Commands
Next FCLIST Next
FCLIST
Name
FCLIST, MAT, ,TEMP To list what the failure criteria is that you have input. group: PREP7:Data Tables product: MP ME ST DY PR EM EH PP ED
MAT
Material number (defaults to ALL for all materials).

---
Blank field.
TEMP
Temperature to be evaluated at (defaults to TUNIF).
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Notes
This command allows you to see what you have already input for failure criteria using the FC commands.
Menu Paths
Main Menu>General Postproc>Failure Criteria>List
Prev FCDELE Prev FCUM F Commands
Next FCUM Next
FCUM
Name
FCUM, Oper, RFACT, IFACT Specifies that force loads are to be accumulated. group: SOLUTION:FE Forces product: MP ME ST PR EM PP ED
Oper
RFACT
IFACT
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Command Default
Notes
Allows repeated force load (force, heat flow, etc.) values to be replaced, added, or ignored. Operations apply to the selected nodes [NSEL]. and the force labels corresponding to the selected force labels [DOFSEL]. The operations occur when the next force specifications are defined. For example, issuing the command F,1,FX,250 after a previous F,1,FX,200 causes the current value of the force on node 1 in the x-direction to be 450 with the add operation, 250 with the replace operation, or 200 with the ignore operation. Scale factors are also available to multiply the next value before the add or replace operation. A scale factor of 2.0 with the previous "add" example results in a force of 700. Scale factors are applied even if no previous values exist. Issue FCUM,STAT to show the current label, operation, and scale factors. Solid model boundary conditions are not affected by this command, but boundary conditions on the FE model are affected.
Note
FE boundary conditions may still be overwritten by existing solid model boundary conditions if a subsequent boundary condition transfer occurs. FCUM does not work for tabular boundary conditions. This command is also valid in PREP7.
Menu Paths
Main Menu>Preprocessor>Loads>Settings>Forces Main Menu>Solution>Settings>Forces
Prev FCLIST Prev FDELE F Commands
Next FDELE Next
FDELE
Name
FDELE, NODE, Lab, NEND, NINC Deletes force loads on nodes. group: SOLUTION:FE Forces
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F Commands product: MP ME ST DY PR EM PP ED
Page 12 of 155
NODE
Node for which force is to be deleted. If ALL, NEND and NINC are ignored and forces are deleted on all selected nodes [NSEL]. If NODE = P, graphical picking is enabled and all remaining command fields are ignored (valid only in the GUI). A component name may also be substituted for NODE.
Lab
Valid force label. If ALL, use all appropriate labels. Structural labels: FX, FY, or FZ (forces); MX, MY, or MZ (moments). Thermal labels: HEAT (heat flow). Fluid labels: FLOW (fluid flow). Electric labels: AMPS (current flow), CHRG (electric charge). Magnetic labels: FLUX (magnetic flux); CSGX, CSGY, or CSGZ (magnetic current segments). FLOTRAN labels: FX, FY, or FZ (forces).
NEND, NINC
Delete forces from NODE to NEND (defaults to NODE) in steps of NEND (defaults to 1).
Notes
The node and the degree of freedom label corresponding to the force must be selected [NSEL, DOFSEL]. This command is also valid in PREP7.
Menu Paths
Main Menu>Preprocessor>Loads>Delete>Excitation>On Nodes Main Menu>Preprocessor>Loads>Delete>Flow>On Nodes Main Menu>Preprocessor>Loads>Delete>Force/Moment>On Nodes Main Menu>Preprocessor>Loads>Delete>Heat Flow>On Nodes Main Menu>Preprocessor>Loads>Delete>Other>On Nodes Main Menu>Preprocessor>Loads>Delete>Spectrum>On Nodes Main Menu>Preprocessor>Loads>Delete>All Load Data>On All Nodes Main Menu>Solution>Delete>Excitation>On Nodes Main Menu>Solution>Delete>Flow>On Nodes Main Menu>Solution>Delete>Force/Moment>On Nodes Main Menu>Solution>Delete>Heat Flow>On Nodes Main Menu>Solution>Delete>Other>On Nodes Main Menu>Solution>Delete>Spectrum>On Nodes Main Menu>Solution>Delete>All Load Data>On All Nodes
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/FDELE
Name
/FDELE, Ident, Stat Deletes a binary file after it is used. group: SESSION:Files product: MP ME ST PR EM PP ED
Ident
ANSYS file name identifier. Valid identifiers are: EMAT, ESAV, FULL, SUB, MODE, TRI, DSUB, USUB, OSAV, and SELD. See the ANSYS Basic Analysis Guide for file descriptions.
Stat
Keep or delete key: KEEP -Keep this file. DELE -Delete (or do not write, if not necessary) this file.
Command Default
Keep all files.
Notes
Deletes as soon as possible (or prevents writing) a binary file created by the ANSYS program to save space. Warning: Deleting files that are necessary for the next substep, load step, or analysis will prevent continuation of the run. This command is valid only at the Begin Level.
Menu Paths
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Prev FDELE Prev FE F Commands
Next FE Next
FE
Name
FE, NEV, CYCLE, FACT , Title Defines a set of fatigue event parameters. group: POST1:Fatigue product: MP ME ST DY PR PP ED
NEV
Reference number for this event (within MXEV).

CYCLE
Number of required cycles (defaults to 1). If -1, erase all parameters and fatigue stresses for this event.
FACT
Scale factor to be applied to all loadings in this event (defaults to 1.0).

Title
User defined identification title for this event (up to 20 characters).
Command Default
Event assigned one cycle, unity scale factor, and no title.
Notes
Repeat FE command to define additional sets of event parameters ( MXEV limit), to redefine event parameters, or to delete event stress conditions. The set of fatigue event parameters is associated with all loadings and all locations. See the FTSIZE command for the maximum set of events ( MXEV) allowed.
Menu Paths
F Commands Main Menu>General Postproc>Fatigue>Assign Events Main Menu>General Postproc>Fatigue>Erase Event Data
Page 15 of 155
Prev /FDELE Prev FEBODY F Commands
Next FEBODY Next
FEBODY
Name
FEBODY Specifies "Body loads on elements" as the subsequent status topic. group: PREP7:Status product: MP ME ST DY PR EM FL PP ED
Notes
Menu Paths
Utility Menu>List>Status>Solution>Body Loads
Prev FE Prev FECONS F Commands
Next FECONS Next
FECONS
Name
FECONS Specifies "Constraints on nodes" as the subsequent status topic. group: PREP7:Status
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F Commands product: MP ME ST DY PR EM FL PP ED
Page 16 of 155
Notes
Menu Paths
Utility Menu>List>Status>Solution>DOF Constraints
Prev FEBODY Prev FEFOR F Commands
Next FEFOR Next
FEFOR
Name
FEFOR Specifies "Forces on nodes" as the subsequent status topic. group: PREP7:Status product: MP ME ST DY PR EM FL PP ED
Notes
Menu Paths
Utility Menu>List>Status>Solution>Forces
Prev FECONS
Next FELIST
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F Commands FELIST F Commands
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Prev
Next
FELIST
Name
FELIST, NEV1, NEV2, NINC Lists the fatigue event parameters. group: POST1:Fatigue product: MP ME ST DY PR PP ED
NEV1, NEV2, NINC
List event parameters from NEV1 (defaults to 1) to NEV2 (defaults to NEV1) in steps of NINC (defaults to 1). If NEV1 = ALL, NEV2 and NINC are ignored and all events are listed. Fatigue event parameters are defined with the FE command.
Menu Paths
Main Menu>General Postproc>Fatigue>List Event Data
Prev FEFOR Prev FESURF F Commands
Next FESURF Next
FESURF
Name
FESURF Specifies "Surface loads on elements" as the subsequent status topic. group: PREP7:Status product: MP ME ST DY PR EM FL PP ED
Notes
This is a status [STAT] topic command. Status topic commands are generated by the GUI and will appear in the log file ( Jobname.LOG) if status is requested for some items under Utility
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Menu>List>Status. This command will be immediately followed by a STAT command, which will report the status for the specified topic. If entered directly into the program, the STAT command should immediately follow this command.
Menu Paths
Utility Menu>List>Status>Solution>Surface Loads
Prev FELIST Prev FILE F Commands
Next FILE Next
FILE
Name
FILE, Fname, Ext, Dir Specifies the data file where results are to be found. group: POST1:Set Up POST26:Set Up product: MP ME ST DY PR EM FL PP ED
Fname
Ext
Filename extension (8 character maximum). If Fname is blank, the extension defaults to RST (for structural, fluid, or coupled-field analyses), to RTH (for thermal or electrical analyses), to RMG (for magnetic analyses), or to RFL (for FLOTRAN analyses). For postprocessing reduced structural analyses in POST26, use the RDSP extension for displacements from transient dynamic analyses or the RFRQ extension from harmonic response analyses.
Dir
Command Default
F Commands
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Use the result file with the Jobname as Fname and with the extension corresponding to the analysis type.
Notes
Specifies the ANSYS data file where the results are to be found for postprocessing.
Menu Paths
Main Menu>General Postproc>Data & File Opts Main Menu>TimeHist Postpro>Settings>File
Prev FESURF Prev FILEAUX2 F Commands
Next FILEAUX2 Next
FILEAUX2
Name
FILEAUX2, Fname, Ident, Dir Specifies the binary file to be dumped. group: AUX2:Binary Files product: MP ME ST DY PR EM FL PP ED
Fname
File name (32 characters maximum). The file name defaults to the current Jobname if Ident is specified.
Ident
ANSYS filename identifier. See the ANSYS Basic Analysis Guide for file descriptions and identifiers. If not an ANSYS identifier, Ident will be used as the filename extension.
Dir
Notes
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F Commands Specifies the binary file to be dumped with the DUMP command.
Page 20 of 155
Menu Paths
Prev FILE Prev FILEAUX3 F Commands
Next FILEAUX3 Next
FILEAUX3
Name
FILEAUX3, Fname, Ext, Dir Specifies the results file to be edited. group: AUX3:Binary Files product: MP ME ST DY PR EM FL PP ED
Fname
File name (32 characters maximum). The file name defaults to the current Jobname if Ext is specified.
Ext

Dir
Notes
Specifies the results file to be edited.
Menu Paths
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F Commands
Page 21 of 155
Prev FILEAUX2 Prev FILEDISP F Commands
Next FILEDISP Next
FILEDISP
Name
FILEDISP, Fname, Ext, Dir Specifies the file containing the graphics data. group: DISPLAY:Set Up product: MP ME ST DY PR EM FL PP ED
Fname

Ext

Dir
Notes
Specifies the input file containing the graphics data (defaults to File.GRPH).
Menu Paths
Prev FILEAUX3 Prev FILL F Commands
Next FILL Next
FILL
F Commands
Page 22 of 155
Name
FILL, NODE1, NODE2, NFILL, NSTRT, NINC, ITIME, INC , SPACE Generates a line of nodes between two existing nodes. group: PREP7:Nodes product: MP ME ST DY PR EM FL PP ED
NODE1, NODE2
Beginning and ending nodes for fill-in. NODE1 defaults to next to last node specified, NODE2 defaults to last node specified. If NODE1 = P, graphical picking is enabled and all remaining command fields are ignored (valid only in the GUI).
NFILL
Fill NFILL nodes between NODE1 and NODE2 (defaults to | NODE2-NODE1|-1). NFILL must be positive.
NSTRT
Node number assigned to first filled-in node (defaults to NODE1 + NINC).

NINC
Add this increment to each of the remaining filled-in node numbers (may be positive or negative). Defaults to the integer result of (NODE2- NODE1)/( NFILL + 1), i.e., linear interpolation. If the default evaluates to zero, or if zero is input, NINC is set to 1.
ITIME, INC
Do fill-in operation a total of ITIMEs, incrementing NODE1, NODE2 and NSTRT by INC each time after the first. ITIME and INC both default to 1.
SPACE
Spacing ratio. Ratio of last division size to first division size. If > 1.0, divisions increase. If < 1.0, divisions decrease. Ratio defaults to 1.0 (uniform spacing).
Notes
Generates a line of nodes (in the active coordinate system) between two existing nodes. The two nodes may have been defined in any coordinate system. Nodal locations and rotation angles are determined by interpolation. Any number of nodes may be filled-in and any node number sequence may be assigned. See the CSCIR command when filling across the 180 singularity line in a nonCartesian system.
Menu Paths
F Commands Main Menu>Preprocessor>Create>Nodes>Fill between Nds
Page 23 of 155
Prev FILEDISP Prev FILLDATA F Commands
Next FILLDATA Next
FILLDATA
Name
FILLDATA, IR, LSTRT, LSTOP, LINC, VALUE, DVAL Fills a variable by a ramp function. group: POST26:Operations product: MP ME ST DY PR EM FL PP ED
IR
Define data table as variable IR (2 to NV [NUMVAR]).

LSTRT
Start at location LSTRT (defaults to 1).

LSTOP
Stop at location LSTOP (defaults to maximum location as determined from data previously stored.
LINC
Fill every LINC location between LSTRT and LSTOP (defaults to 1).
VALUE
Value assigned to location LSTRT.

DVAL
Increment value of previous filled location by DVAL and assign sum to next location to be filled (may be positive or negative.)
Notes
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F Commands
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Locations may be filled continuously or at regular intervals (LINC). Previously defined data at a location will be overwritten.
Menu Paths
Main Menu>TimeHist Postpro>Table Operations>Fill Data
Prev FILL Prev /FILNAME F Commands
Next /FILNAME Next
/FILNAME
Name
/FILNAME, Fname, Key Changes the Jobname for the analysis. group: SESSION:Run Controls product: MP ME ST DY PR EM FL PP ED
Fname
Name (32 characters maximum) to be used as the Jobname. Defaults to the initial Jobname as specified on the ANSYS execution command, or to File if none specified.
Key
Specify whether to use the existing log and error files or start new files. 0, OFF -Use existing log and error files. 1, ON -Start new log and error files (old files are closed but not deleted).
Notes
All subsequently created files will be named with this Jobname if Key = 0. Use Key = 1 to start new log and error files. The previous Jobname is typically defined on the ANSYS program execution line (see the ANSYS Operations Guide). This command is useful when different groups of files created throughout the run are to have different names. For example, the command may be used before each substructure pass to avoid overwriting files or having to rename each file individually.
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F Commands This command is valid only at the Begin level.
Page 25 of 155
Menu Paths
Utility Menu>File>Change Jobname
Prev FILLDATA Prev FINISH F Commands
Next FINISH Next
FINISH
Name
FINISH Exits normally from a processor. group: SESSION:Processor Entry DISPLAY:Action product: MP ME ST DY PR EM FL PP ED
Notes
Exits any of the ANSYS processors or the DISPLAY program. For the ANSYS processors, data will remain intact in the database but the database is not automatically written to a file (use the SAVE command to write the database to a file). See also the /QUIT command for an alternate processor exit command. If exiting POST1, POST26, or OPT, see additional notes below. POST1: Data in the database will remain intact, including the POST1 element table data, the path table data, the fatigue table data, and the load case pointers. POST26: Data in the database will remain intact, except that POST26 variables are erased and specification commands (such as FILE, PRTIME, NPRINT , etc.) are reset. Use the /QUIT command to exit the processor and bypass these exceptions. OPT: Current optimization data are written to File.OPT for possible resume later [ OPRESU]. See also the OPSAVE command to write optimization data. This command is valid in any processor. This command is not valid at the Begin level.
Menu Paths
Main Menu>Finish
Prev /FILNAME
Next FITEM
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F Commands FITEM F Commands
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Prev
Next
FITEM
Name
FITEM, NFIELD, ITEM , ITEMY, ITEMZ Identifies items chosen by a picking operation (GUI). group: DATABASE:Picking product: MP ME ST DY PR EM FL PP ED
NFIELD
Field number on the command which uses the picking data. (Count the command name as a field, so that a 2 indicates the first command argument, 3 the second command argument, etc.) The corresponding field on the command will have a P51X label.
ITEM
Entity number of the entity picked. Negative entity numbers are used to indicate a range of entities. If the item picked is a coordinate location, then this field represents the X-coordinate. See also the FLST command.
ITEMY, ITEMZ
Y and Z coordinates of a picked coordinate location. ITEM represents the X coordinate. See also the FLST command.
Notes
This is a command generated by the GUI and will appear in the log file ( Jobname.LOG) if graphical picking is used. This command is not intended to be typed in directly in an ANSYS session (although it can be included in an input file for batch input or for use with the /INPUT command). On the log file, a set of FITEM commands is preceded by one FLST command which defines the picking specifications for that pick operation. The data listed in the FITEM commands are used by the first subsequent command containing a P51X label in one of its fields. Caution: For a given entity type, a list containing an ITEM that is larger than the maximum defined entity, could deplete the system memory and produce unpredictable results. This command is valid in any processor.
Menu Paths
F Commands This command cannot be accessed from a menu.
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Prev FINISH Prev FK F Commands
Next FK Next
FK
Name
FK, KPOI, Lab, VALUE, VALUE2 Defines force loads at keypoints. group: SOLUTION:Solid Forces product: MP ME ST PR EM PP ED
KPOI
Keypoint at which force is to be specified. If ALL, apply to all selected keypoints [KSEL]. If KPOI = P, graphical picking is enabled and all remaining command fields are ignored (valid only in the GUI). A component name may also be substituted for KPOI.
Lab
Valid force label. Structural labels: FX, FY, or FZ (forces); MX, MY, or MZ (moments). Thermal labels: HEAT (heat flow). Fluid labels: FLOW (fluid flow). Electric labels: AMPS (current flow), CHRG (electric charge). Magnetic labels: FLUX (magnetic flux); CSGX, CSGY, or CSGZ (magnetic current segments).
VALUE
Force value or table name reference for specifying tabular boundary conditions. To specify a table, enclose the table name in percent signs (%), e.g., FK, KPOI, HEAT,% tabname%). Use the *DIM command to define a table.
VALUE2
Second force value (if any). If the analysis type and the force allow a complex input, VALUE (above) is the real component and VALUE2 is the imaginary component.
Notes
Forces may be transferred from keypoints to nodes with the FTRAN or SBCTRAN commands. See the F command for a description of force loads.
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F Commands
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Tabular boundary conditions ( VALUE = % tabname%) are available only for the following labels: Fluid (FLOW), Electric (AMPS), Structural and Thermal force labels (FX, FY, FZ, MX, MY, MZ, HEAT). This command is also valid in PREP7.
Menu Paths
Main Menu>Preprocessor>Loads>Apply>Excitation>On Keypoints Main Menu>Preprocessor>Loads>Apply>Force/Moment>On Keypoints Main Menu>Preprocessor>Loads>Apply>Heat Flow>On Keypoints Main Menu>Preprocessor>Loads>Apply>Other>On Keypoints Main Menu>Preprocessor>Loads>Apply>Spectrum>On Keypoints Main Menu>Solution>Apply>Excitation>On Keypoints Main Menu>Solution>Apply>Force/Moment>On Keypoints Main Menu>Solution>Apply>Heat Flow>On Keypoints Main Menu>Solution>Apply>Other>On Keypoints Main Menu>Solution>Apply>Spectrum>On Keypoints
Prev FITEM Prev FKDELE F Commands
Next FKDELE Next
FKDELE
Name
FKDELE, KPOI, Lab Deletes force loads at a keypoint. group: SOLUTION:Solid Forces product: MP ME ST PR EM PP ED
KPOI
Keypoint at which force is to be deleted. If ALL, delete forces at all selected keypoints [KSEL]. If KPOI = P, graphical picking is enabled and all remaining command fields are ignored (valid only in the GUI). A component name may also be substituted for KPOI.
Lab
Valid force label. If ALL, use all appropriate labels. See the FDELE command for labels.
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Notes
Deletes force loads (and all corresponding finite element loads) at a keypoint. See the FDELE command for details. This command is also valid in PREP7.
Menu Paths
Main Menu>Preprocessor>Loads>Delete>Excitation>On Keypoints Main Menu>Preprocessor>Loads>Delete>Flow>On Keypoints Main Menu>Preprocessor>Loads>Delete>Force/Moment>On Keypoints Main Menu>Preprocessor>Loads>Delete>Heat Flow>On Keypoints Main Menu>Preprocessor>Loads>Delete>Other>On Keypoints Main Menu>Preprocessor>Loads>Delete>Spectrum>On Keypoints Main Menu>Preprocessor>Loads>Delete>All Load Data>On All KPs Main Menu>Solution>Delete>Excitation>On Keypoints Main Menu>Solution>Delete>Flow>On Keypoints Main Menu>Solution>Delete>Force/Moment>On Keypoints Main Menu>Solution>Delete>Heat Flow>On Keypoints Main Menu>Solution>Delete>Other>On Keypoints Main Menu>Solution>Delete>Spectrum>On Keypoints Main Menu>Solution>Delete>All Load Data>On All KPs
Prev FK Prev FKLIST F Commands
Next FKLIST Next
FKLIST
Name
FKLIST, KPOI, Lab Lists the forces at keypoints. group: SOLUTION:Solid Forces product: MP ME ST PR EM PP ED
KPOI
List forces at this keypoint. If ALL (default), list for all selected keypoints [KSEL]. If KPOI =
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F Commands
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P, graphical picking is enabled and all remaining command fields are ignored (valid only in the GUI). A component name may also be substituted for KPOI.
Lab
Force label to be listed (defaults to ALL). See the DOFSEL command for labels.
Notes
Listing applies to the selected keypoints [KSEL] and the selected force labels [DOFSEL]. This command is valid in any processor.
Menu Paths
Utility Menu>List>Loads>Forces>On All Keypoints Utility Menu>List>Loads>Forces>On Picked KPs
Prev FKDELE Prev FL F Commands
Next FL Next
FL
Name
FL, NLOC, NODE, SCFX , SCFY, SCFZ, Title Defines a set of fatigue location parameters. group: POST1:Fatigue product: MP ME ST DY PR PP ED
NLOC
Reference number for this location (within MXLOC). When defining a new location, defaults to lowest unused location. If the specified NODE is already associated with a location, NLOC defaults to that existing location.
NODE
Node number corresponding to this location (must be unique). Used only to associate a node with a new location or to find an existing location (if NLOC is not input). If NODE = -1 (or redefined), erase all parameters and fatigue stresses for this location.
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F Commands
SCFX, SCFY, SCFZ
Page 31 of 155
Stress concentration factors applied to the total stresses. Factors are applied in the global X, Y, and Z directions unless the axisymmetric option of the FSSECT is used (i.e., RHO is nonzero), in which case the factors are applied in the section x, y, and z (radial, axial, and hoop) directions.
Title
User-defined title for this location (up to 20 characters).
Notes
Repeat FL command to define additional sets of location parameters ( MXLOC limit), to redefine location parameters, or to delete location stress conditions. One location must be defined for each node of interest and only one node can be associated with each location. See the FTSIZE command for the maximum locations ( MXLOC) allowed. A location will be automatically defined for a node not having a location when the FSSECT, FSNODE, or FS command is issued. Automatically defined locations are assigned the lowest available location number, unity stress concentration factors, and no title.
Menu Paths
Main Menu>General Postproc>Fatigue>Stress Locations
Prev FKLIST Prev FLANGE F Commands
Next FLANGE Next
FLANGE
Name
FLANGE, NLOC, LENG, MASS, SIF, FLEX, ARINS, ELEM Defines a flange in a piping run. group: PREP7:Piping product: MP ME ST PR PP ED
NLOC
Node where flange is to be placed (as described below). Defaults to current piping run starting point.
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F Commands
LENG
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Length of flange (defaults to larger pipe OD).

MASS
Dry mass (weight/gravity) of flange without insulation (defaults to equivalent straight pipe mass). Note that acceleration [ACEL ] must be nonzero for weight to be calculated.
SIF
Stress intensification factor (defaults to 1.0).

FLEX

ARINS
Insulation surface area (defaults to equivalent straight pipe insulation area). Units (length 2) must be consistent with the smallest unit of the system used (not mixed) regardless of the PUNIT option.
ELEM
Element number to be assigned to flange (defaults to the previous maximum element number (MAXEL) + 1).
Notes
Defines a flange (straight pipe element (PIPE16) with adjusted specifications and loadings) at a given location in a piping run. See the PREP7 RUN command. This command is similar to the VALVE command except for a different flexibility factor default. The location may be 1) between two adjacent colinear straight pipes, 2) between an adjacent straight pipe and a different piping component, or 3) at the end of a straight pipe. For Case 1, two new nodes are generated at the ends of the flange. The two straight pipes are automatically "shortened" to meet the ends of the flange. The flange specifications and loadings are taken from the corresponding two straight pipes. For Case 2, one new node is generated at one end of the flange. The straight pipe is automatically "shortened" to meet this end of the flange. The other end of the flange meets the other piping component. The flange specifications and loadings are taken from the straight pipe. For Case 3, one new node is generated at the free end of the flange. The other end of the flange meets the straight pipe. The flange specifications and loadings are taken from the straight pipe.
Menu Paths
Main Menu>Preprocessor>Create>Piping Models>Flange
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F Commands Prev FL Prev FLDATA F Commands
Page 33 of 155 Next FLDATA Next
FLDATA
Name
FLDATA, Name, Label, Value Sets up a FLOTRAN analysis. group: PREP7:FLOTRAN Options product: MP FL PP ED
Name
The name identifying the group of FLOTRAN parameters being defined or controlled on this command.
Label
The label of the specific FLOTRAN parameter being input or controlled. Label determines the meaning of the Value argument.
Value
The numeric value of an input item, the logical value of a switch (T or F, for example), or an alphanumeric label, depending on the Label argument.
Notes
The FLDATA command is used to define FLOTRAN-specific input data, solution controls, and output controls. It is valid only with the FLOTRAN CFD option. The FLDATA command controls groups of FLOTRAN parameters, and the group name is input as the first argument, Name. To give you the ability to link directly to the documentation on any of these groups, we have documented each group under its own name--from FLDATA1 through FLDATA36. For example, documentation on FLDATA with the first argument set to SOLU is documented as the FLDATA1 command. You may enter the command with either name--FLDATA or FLDATA1 , and you must remember to input the appropriate first argument, as shown in the list below. Option and Output Control Commands FLDATA1 ,SOLU Controls which features of the solution algorithm are activated.
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F Commands
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FLDATA2 ,ITER Sets iteration and output controls for steady state analyses. FLDATA3 ,TERM Sets the convergence monitors for the pressure and temperature equations. FLDATA4 ,TIME Sets output controls for transient analyses based on transient time. FLDATA4A,STEP Sets output controls for transient analyses based on number of time steps. FLDATA5 ,OUTP Sets output and storage controls. FLDATA6 ,CONV Controls the output of the convergence monitor. Property Definition Commands FLDATA7 ,PROT Specifies the type of fluid property. FLDATA8 ,NOMI Specifies the NOMI coefficient of the fluid property equation. FLDATA9 ,COF1 Specifies the COF1 coefficient of the fluid property equation. FLDATA10,COF2 Specifies the COF2 coefficient of the fluid property equation. FLDATA11,COF3 Specifies the COF3 coefficient of the fluid property equation. FLDATA12,PROP Sets the property update frequency flag. FLDATA13,VARY Sets the property variation flag. Operating Condition Commands FLDATA14,TEMP Specifies the reference temperature. FLDATA15,PRES Specifies the reference pressure. FLDATA16,BULK Specifies the bulk modulus parameter. FLDATA17, GAMM Specifies the specific heat ratio. Algebraic Solver Commands FLDATA18, METH Selects the algebraic solver. FLDATA19, TDMA Specifies the number of TDMA sweeps. FLDATA20,SRCH Specifies the number of conjugate direction search vectors. FLDATA20A,PGMR Specifies the amount of fill-in when preconditioning the coefficient matrix. FLDATA20B,PBCGM Specifies the number of fill-ins for the ILU preconditioner. FLDATA21,CONV Specifies the solver convergence criterion. FLDATA22,MAXI Maximum number of semi-direct iterations. FLDATA23,DELT Specifies the solver minimum normalized rate of change. Turbulence Commands Sets the turbulence model and the constants used in the Standard kFLDATA24,TURB Model and the Zero Equation Turbulence Model. FLDATA24A,RNGT Sets constants for the Re-Normalized Group Turbulence Model (RNG). FLDATA24B,NKET Sets constants for the k- Turbulence Model due to Shih (NKE). FLDATA24C, GIRT Sets constants for the Non-linear Turbulence Model of Girimaji (GIR). FLDATA24D, SZLT Sets constants for the Shih, Zhu, Lumley Turbulence Model (SZL). Stability Control Commands FLDATA25, RELX Sets solution and property relaxation factors. FLDATA26,STAB Sets stability controls. Miscellaneous Commands FLDATA27,PRIN Controls printing flags. FLDATA28,MODR Specifies that variable results are to be replaced. FLDATA29,MODV Re-initializes a results variable. FLDATA30,QUAD Controls the quadrature orders. FLDATA31,CAPP Specifies dependent variable caps.
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F Commands FLDATA32,REST FLDATA33,ADVM FLDATA34,MIR FLDATA35,VFTOL FLDATA36,AMBV FLDATA37,ALGR
Page 35 of 155 Controls restart options. Specifies the approach to discretize the advection term. Sets modified inertial relaxation factors. Specifies tolerances for the lower and upper bound of the volume fraction. Specifies ambient reference values outside of the fluid for the volume of fluid (VOF) method. Specifies the segregated solution algorithm.
Menu Paths
Main Menu>Preprocessor>FLOTRAN Set Up>CFD Solver Controls>ENDS Solver CFD Main Menu>Preprocessor>FLOTRAN Set Up>CFD Solver Controls>ENKE Solver CFD Main Menu>Preprocessor>FLOTRAN Set Up>CFD Solver Controls>PRES Solver CFD Main Menu>Preprocessor>FLOTRAN Set Up>CFD Solver Controls>TEMP Solver CFD Main Menu>Preprocessor>FLOTRAN Set Up>CFD Solver Controls>VX Solver CFD Main Menu>Preprocessor>FLOTRAN Set Up>CFD Solver Controls>VY Solver CFD Main Menu>Preprocessor>FLOTRAN Set Up>CFD Solver Controls>VZ Solver CFD Main Menu>Solution>FLOTRAN Set Up>CFD Solver Controls>ENDS Solver CFD Main Menu>Solution>FLOTRAN Set Up>CFD Solver Controls>ENKE Solver CFD Main Menu>Solution>FLOTRAN Set Up>CFD Solver Controls>PRES Solver CFD Main Menu>Solution>FLOTRAN Set Up>CFD Solver Controls>TEMP Solver CFD Main Menu>Solution>FLOTRAN Set Up>CFD Solver Controls>VX Solver CFD Main Menu>Solution>FLOTRAN Set Up>CFD Solver Controls>VY Solver CFD Main Menu>Solution>FLOTRAN Set Up>CFD Solver Controls>VZ Solver CFD
Prev FLANGE Prev FLDATA1 F Commands
Next FLDATA1 Next
FLDATA1
Name
FLDATA1 , SOLU, Label, Value Controls which features of the solution algorithm are activated. group: PREP7:FLOTRAN Options product: MP FL PP ED
SOLU
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F Commands Enter the word SOLU in this field.
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FLDATA1 ,SOLU is the FLDATA command with its first argument set to SOLU. It can be entered into the program as either FLDATA1,SOLU, Label,Value or FLDATA,SOLU, Label,Value where Label and Value are as described below. See the FLDATA command for other FLOTRAN CFD input choices.
Label
Solution algorithm choices: FLOW -Solves the momentum and pressure equations. Defaults to TRUE (on). TURB -Activates the turbulence model. Defaults to FALSE (off). TEMP -Solves the temperature equation. Defaults to FALSE (off). COMP -Uses the compressible algorithm. Defaults to FALSE (off). SWRL -Activates the swirl option. Defaults to FALSE (off). TRAN -Activates the transient solution algorithm. Defaults to FALSE (off). SPEC -Activates multiple species transport. Defaults to FALSE (off). IVSH -Activates viscous heating for incompressible flow. Defaults to FALSE (off). VOF -Activates volume of fluid method. Defaults to FALSE (off). SFTS -Activates surface tension. Defaults to FALSE (off). ALE -Activates Arbitrary Lagrangian Eulerian formulation. Defaults to FALSE (off). file://D:\Documents%20and%20Settings\Administrator\Local%20Settings\Temp\~hh... 20.05.2004
F Commands
Value
Page 37 of 155
Value controlling Label: TRUE or T -Turn this feature on. FALSE or F -Turn this feature off.
Notes
Repeat command to set each Label as required. The analyst must choose the appropriate features, as FLOTRAN will not determine, for example, whether or not the case is turbulent or whether or not the compressible algorithm is appropriate. SWRL should only be activated for axisymmetric cases when there is a velocity component normal to the axisymmetric plane. Generally, the use of the compressible algorithm (COMP) is not warranted for Mach numbers less than 0.3. Density may be assumed to vary via the ideal gas law without activating the compressible option. If fluid properties are not a function of temperature in non-adiabatic flow problems, it is not necessary to activate the flow (FLOW) and temperature (TEMP) solutions together. First solve the flow problem and then restart to solve the temperature equation. For compressible flow, FLOTRAN automatically includes viscous heating. When the Arbitrary Lagrangrian Eulerian (ALE) formulation is on , FLOTRAN allows the fluid nodes to move in a manner that satisifies the displacement boundary conditions. See also the FLDATA2 ,ITER, FLDATA3 ,TERM, FLDATA4 ,TIME, FLDATA4A,STEP, FLDATA5 ,OUTP, and FLDATA6,CONV commands for other Solution and Output Controls.
Menu Paths
Main Menu>Preprocessor>FLOTRAN Set Up>Solution Options Main Menu>Solution>FLOTRAN Set Up>Solution Options
Prev FLDATA Prev FLDATA2 F Commands
Next FLDATA2 Next
FLDATA2
F Commands
Page 38 of 155
Name
FLDATA2 , ITER, Label, Value Sets iteration and output controls for steady state analyses. group: PREP7:FLOTRAN Options product: MP FL PP ED
ITER
Enter the word ITER in this field. FLDATA2 ,ITER is the FLDATA command with its first argument set to ITER. It can be entered into the program as either FLDATA2,ITER, Label,Value or FLDATA,ITER,Label,Value where Label and Value are as described below. See the FLDATA command for other FLOTRAN CFD input choices.
Label
Type of iteration control (dictates the meaning of Value): EXEC -is the number of global iterations, defined as the sequential solution of the governing equations of all the features activated, to be performed during this execution of FLOTRAN if the case is steady state. Defaults to Value = 10.
Value
APPE -Value is the number of steady state global iterations between appends to the results file (Jobname.RFL). This feature is used to ensure that restarts can be made from earlier
points if unforeseen difficulties occur before the end of the analysis. The default value implies that results will be saved only for the initial (0 th) iteration and the final global iteration. Saving many intermediate results can produce a large results file. Defaults to Value = 0 (implies FLDATA2,ITER,EXEC). OVER -is the number of steady state global iterations between overwrites of a temporary set of results in the results file (Jobname.RFL). (This temporary set of results will itself be overwritten by the set stored for Label = APPE or at the end of the run.) OVER enables the user to retain the most up-to-date set of results without having the results file continue to grow in size. Defaults to Value = 0 (no overwrites will be made).
Value Value
Number of iterations for Label above.
Notes
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F Commands Repeat command to set each Label as required.
Page 39 of 155
Sets the number of global iterations to control the length of execution for steady state analyses, the frequency with which results are added to the results file ( Jobname.RFL), and the frequency with which results are overwritten in the results file. See also the FLDATA1 ,SOLU, FLDATA3 ,TERM, FLDATA4 ,TIME, FLDATA4A,STEP, FLDATA5 ,OUTP, and FLDATA6,CONV commands for other Solution and Output Controls. This command is accessible in the menu if FLDATA1 ,SOLU,TRAN,FALSE has been issued (default).
Menu Paths
Main Menu>Preprocessor>FLOTRAN Set Up>Execution Ctrl Main Menu>Solution>FLOTRAN Set Up>Execution Ctrl
Prev FLDATA1 Prev FLDATA3 F Commands
Next FLDATA3 Next
FLDATA3
Name
FLDATA3 , TERM, Label, Value Sets the convergence monitors for the degree of freedom set. group: PREP7:FLOTRAN Options product: MP FL PP ED
TERM
Enter the word TERM in this field. FLDATA3 ,TERM is the FLDATA command with its first argument set to TERM. It can be entered into the program as either FLDATA3,TERM, Label,Value or FLDATA,TERM,Label,Value where Label and Value are as described below. See the FLDATA command for other FLOTRAN CFD input choices.
Label
Type of convergence monitor: PRES --
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F Commands
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Steady-state run will not terminate until the convergence monitor for pressure falls below Value, unless the specified number of global iterations has been executed. Defaults to Value = 1.0x10-8 . TEMP -Steady-state run (with the temperature equation solution activated) will not terminate until the convergence monitor for temperature falls below Value, unless the specified number of global iterations has been executed. Defaults to Value = 1.0x10-8 . VX -Steady-state run will not terminate until the convergence monitor for X velocity component falls below Value, unless the specified number of global iterations has been executed. Defaults to Value = 1.0x10-2 . VY -Steady-state run will not terminate until the convergence monitor for Y velocity component falls below Value, unless the specified number of global iterations has been executed. Defaults to Value = 1.0x10-2 . VZ -Steady-state run will not terminate until the convergence monitor for Z velocity component falls below Value, unless the specified number of global iterations has been executed. Defaults to Value = 1.0x10-2 . ENKE -Steady-state run will not terminate until the convergence monitor for turbulent kinetic energy falls below Value, unless the specified number of global iterations has been executed. Defaults to Value = 1.0x10-2 . ENDS -Steady-state run will not terminate until the convergence monitor for turbulence dissipation falls below Value, unless the specified number of global iterations has been executed. Defaults to Value = 1.0x10-2 .
Value
Value of convergence monitor criterion, above.
Notes
Repeat command to set each Label as required. The convergence monitors appear as output for each degree of freedom for each global iteration. The value is calculated for each degree of freedom individually by summing the absolute value of the change in solution between global iterations for all the nodes and dividing it by the sum of the
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F Commands
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absolute values of the solution for all the nodes. It is an approximation of the normalized rate of change of the solution between global iterations. All specified criteria must be met before the case is terminated. If a termination criterion for a specific label is set negative, the termination check is ignored for that particular DOF. See also the FLDATA1 ,SOLU, FLDATA2 ,ITER,FLDATA4 ,TIME, FLDATA4A,STEP, FLDATA5 ,OUTP, and FLDATA6,CONV commands for other Solution and Output Controls.
Menu Paths
Next FLDATA4 Next
FLDATA4
Name
FLDATA4 , TIME, Label, Value Sets controls for transient analyses based on transient time and convergence monitors. group: PREP7:FLOTRAN Options product: MP FL PP ED
TIME
Enter the word TIME in this field. FLDATA4 ,TIME is the FLDATA command with its first argument set to TIME. It can be entered into the program as either FLDATA4,TIME,Label,Value or FLDATA,TIME,Label,Value where Label and Value are as described below. See the FLDATA command for other FLOTRAN CFD input choices.
Label
Type of transient analysis control (dictates the meaning of Value): STEP --
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Value controls the time step size. If Value is greater than zero, Value is the time step size. If Value is less than zero, the program chooses the time step, according to the following (Value defaults to -1): -1 -The resulting time step will be small enough to prevent the passage of an arbitrarily small fluid parcel through more than one element length in a single time step. -2 -This choice is only applicable for compressible analyses, and is equivalent to the Courant limit. The time step is small enough to prevent a pressure signal from propagating through more than one element during a single time step. -3 -This choice is only applicable for compressible analyses. The smaller of the two time steps computed for options -1 and -2 is used. -4 -This choice is applicable to "conduction only" cases (FLDATA1 ,SOLU,FLOW,F). The resulting time step prevents an arbitrarily small "parcel of heat" from diffusing or conducting through more than one element within a time step. ISTEP -is the time step size for the first time step in an analysis using a FLOTRANcalculated time step size (STEP = -1 through -4).
Value
BC -is a flag indicating whether a transient boundary condition should be applied as a step change (when Value = 0) or as a linear ramp ( Value = 1). This label is analogous to the ANSYS command KBC, except that the default for FLOTRAN is a step change. Tabular boundary conditions do not support ramping and instead apply their full value regardless of the KBC setting.
Value
NUMB -is the number of time steps which will be executed unless the transient end time has been encountered first.
Value
GLOB -is the number of global iterations per time step. The user may elect to set this to a high value (typically between 30 and 50), and expect the time step to converge to the convergence criterion set by the FLDATA3 ,TERM command before completing Value iterations. Default to Value = 10.
Value
TEND --
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F Commands
Value
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is the transient end time. This time is used for the calculation of ramped transient boundary conditions. The case will execute until this end time if the number of time steps specified is large enough. Defaults to Value = 1.0x10+6 . APPE -is the results output frequency based on transient time. Every Value seconds in the transient, results are written to the Jobname.RFL file. Defaults to Value = 1.0x10+6 .
Value
SUMF -is the output summary frequency based on transient time. Every Value seconds in the transient, a results summary is written to the Jobname.PFL file.
Value
Note
A summary will always be written when a set of results is written to the +6 Jobname.RFL file. Defaults to Value = 1.0x10 . OVER -is the time interval between overwrites of the temporary set of results in the results file (Jobname.RFL). This feature enables the user to retain the most up-to-date set of results without having the results file continue to grow in size. Defaults to Value = 0 (no overwrites will be made).
Value
PRES -If the maximum number of global iterations per time step has not been reached, the time step will terminate if the convergence monitor for pressure falls below Value. Defaults to Value = 1.0x10 -6 . TEMP -If the maximum number of global iterations per time step has not been reached, the time step will terminate if the convergence monitor for temperature falls below Value. Defaults to Value = 1.0x10-6 . VX -If the maximum number of global iterations per time step has not been reached, the time step will terminate if the convergence monitor for X velocity component falls below -2 Value. Defaults to Value = 1.0x10 . VY -If the maximum number of global iterations per time step has not been reached, the time step will terminate if the convergence monitor for Y velocity component falls below -2 Value. Defaults to Value = 1.0x10 . VZ --
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If the maximum number of global iterations per time step has not been reached, the time step will terminate if the convergence monitor for Z velocity component falls below -2 Value. Defaults to Value = 1.0x10 . ENKE -If the maximum number of global iterations per time step has not been reached, the time step will terminate if the convergence monitor for turbulent kinetic energy falls below -2 Value. Defaults to Value = 1.0x10 . ENDS -If the maximum number of global iterations per time step has not been reached, the time step will terminate if the convergence monitor for turbulence dissipation falls below -2 Value. Defaults to Value = 1.0x10 . NTVF -Value controls the time stepping strategy for Volume of Fluid (VOF) Advection. The value gives the number of time steps used in the VOF Advection for each time step in the FLOTRAN solution. Defaults to 1.
Value
Value as described for Label above.
Notes
Repeat command to set each Label as required. All specified criteria must be met before the time step is terminated. If a termination criterion for a specific label is set negative, the termination check is ignored for that particular DOF. See the FLDATA4A,STEP command to specify output controls based on the number of time steps. See also the FLDATA1 ,SOLU, FLDATA2 ,ITER, FLDATA3 ,TERM, FLDATA5,OUTP, and FLDATA6 ,CONV commands for other Solution and Output Controls. This command is accessible in the menu if FLDATA1 ,SOLU,TRAN,TRUE has been issued. For ramped loading (FLDATA4,TIME,BC,1), when a load is applied for the first time, it is interpolated from zero to the value of the current load step, and not from the initial condition or value of the DOF from the previous load step.
Menu Paths
Main Menu>Preprocessor>FLOTRAN Set Up>Execution Ctrl Main Menu>Preprocessor>FLOTRAN Set Up>VOF Environment>Time Stepping Main Menu>Solution>FLOTRAN Set Up>Execution Ctrl
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F Commands Main Menu>Solution>FLOTRAN Set Up>VOF Environment>Time Stepping
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Prev FLDATA3 Prev FLDATA4A F Commands
Next FLDATA4A Next
FLDATA4A
Name
FLDATA4A, STEP, Label, Value Sets controls for transient analyses based on the number of time steps. group: PREP7:FLOTRAN Options product: MP FL PP ED
STEP
Enter the word STEP in this field. FLDATA4A,STEP is the FLDATA command with its first argument set to STEP. It can be entered into the program as either FLDATA4A,STEP,Label,Value or FLDATA,STEP,Label,Value where Label and Value are as described below. See the FLDATA command for other FLOTRAN CFD input choices.
Label
Type of transient analysis control (dictates the meaning of Value): APPE -is the results output frequency based on the number of time steps. Every Value time steps (substeps), results are written to the Jobname.RFL file. Defaults to Value = 10.
Value
SUMF -is the output summary frequency based on the number of time steps. Every Value time steps (substeps), a results summary is written to the Jobname.PFL file.
Value
Note
A results summary will be produced automatically when the results of a time step are written to the Jobname.RFL file. Defaults to Value = 10.
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F Commands OVER --
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is the number of time steps between overwrites of the temporary set of results in the results file ( Jobname.RFL). This feature enables the user to retain the most up-to-date set of results without having the results file continue to grow in size. Defaults to Value = 0 (no overwrites will be made).
Value
Notes
Repeat command to set each Label as required. See the FLDATA4,TIME command to specify output controls based on transient time. See also the FLDATA1 ,SOLU, FLDATA2 ,ITER, FLDATA3 ,TERM, FLDATA5,OUTP, and FLDATA6 ,CONV commands for other solution and output controls. This command is accessible in the menu if FLDATA1 ,SOLU,TRAN,TRUE has been issued.
Menu Paths
Next FLDATA5 Next
FLDATA5
Name
FLDATA5 , OUTP, Label, Value Sets output and storage controls. group: PREP7:FLOTRAN Options product: MP FL PP ED
OUTP
Enter the word OUTP in this field. FLDATA5 ,OUTP is the FLDATA command with its first argument set to OUTP. It can be entered into the program as either FLDATA5,OUTP, Label,Value or FLDATA,OUTP, Label,Value where Label and Value are as described below. See the file://D:\Documents%20and%20Settings\Administrator\Local%20Settings\Temp\~hh... 20.05.2004
F Commands FLDATA command for other FLOTRAN CFD input choices.

Label
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Output and storage controls (dictates the meaning of Value): SUMF -is the number of global iterations between output of results summaries. The results summary, output to the file Jobname.PFL, contains a tabulation of the maximum, minimum and average values of each degree of freedom. It also contains the flow rates, pressures, and temperatures at all the inlets and outlets. Defaults to Value = 10.
Value
DEBG -sets the debug file printout level. The debug file Jobname.DBG contains information on the behavior of the semi-direct solvers used in the solution of the equations. Allowable choices for Value are (defaults to 1): 0 -Value
No information. 1 -Initial and final information for each global iteration. 2 -Complete information for each global iteration. 3 -Produces printout of global coefficient matrices (not recommended, since the files will become very large). 4 -Produces printout of matrices and additional values at every global iteration (not recommended, because files are usually very large). RESI -is a flag controlling whether or not the nodal residual file Jobname.RDF is written. The nodal residual file contains the nodal residuals corresponding to the current solution (n-1st global iteration), and the new coefficient matrices and forcing function (nth global iteration). It indicates whether or not the solution is oscillating between global iterations on a nodal basis. The file produced is a text file ( Jobname.RDF) that is read with the FLREAD command and that contains the residuals for the degrees of freedom (VX, VY, VZ, PRES, ENKE, ENDS and TEMP) for each node. Allowable values for Value are T (writes the file) or F (does not write the file). Defaults to Value = F.
Value
DENS -Value
controls the storage of the laminar density. This and the following labels are
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provided to control the size of the Jobname.RFL file (see notes below). The choices are Value = T (stores this component) or Value = F (does not store this component). Defaults to Value = T. VISC -Value
controls the storage of the laminar viscosity. Defaults to Value = T.
COND -Value
controls the storage of the laminar conductivity. Defaults to Value = T.
EVIS -Value
controls the storage of the effective viscosity. Defaults to Value = T.
ECON -Value
controls the storage of the effective conductivity. Defaults to Value = T.
TTOT -Value
controls the storage of the total temperature. Defaults to Value = T.
HFLU -Value
controls the storage of the heat flux. Defaults to Value = T.
HFLM -Value
controls the storage of the heat transfer (film) coefficient. Defaults to Value = T.
SPHT -Value
controls the storage of the specific heat. Defaults to Value = F.
STRM -Value
controls the storage of the stream function (2-D). Defaults to Value = T.
MACH -Value
controls the storage of the Mach number. Defaults to Value = T.
PTOT -Value
controls the storage of the total (stagnation) pressure. Defaults to Value = T.
PCOE -Value
controls the storage of the pressure coefficient. Defaults to Value = T.
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controls the storage of the Y+ turbulence quantity. Defaults to Value = F.
TAUW -Value
controls the storage of the shear stress at the wall. Defaults to Value = F.
SFTS -Value
controls the storage of the surface tension coefficient. Defaults to Value = F.
RDFL -Value
controls the storage of the radiation heat flux. Defaults to Value = F.
LMDn-Laminar mass diffusion coefficient for species n, where n = 1 to 6. EMDn-Effective mass diffusion coefficient for species n, where n = 1 to 6.
Value
Value as described above.
Notes
Repeat command to set each Label as required. SUMF, DEBG, and RESI control output to files other than the nodal results file ( Jobname.RFL). The remaining Label labels are provided in the event the user needs to control the size of the Jobname.RFL file. This may be the case when the results of many load steps or time steps are being stored for large models. The choices are T (stores this component) or F (does not store this component). Since the controls should only be set to F if the file size is a problem, most default values are T, and values of listed parameters are stored for every node. FLOTRAN only allows non-storage of variables which it can calculate from some other means. If the value is not stored, it is replaced by calculations identical to those of the normal solution algorithm. The difference is that the new properties calculated in the absence of storage have not been relaxed as those in storage would have been. See FLDATA25,RELX for a description of relaxation. Laminar properties such as density, viscosity, and thermal conductivity are either constant or a function of temperature. In the former case, the constant value can be obtained from the input. In the case of temperature dependent properties, the correct values are obtained from the temperature field (always stored if the temperature equation solution was activated [FLDATA1 ,SOLU,TEMP,TRUE]). The newly calculated value is stored as calculated at the initialization of the load step, whereas the value obtained from storage would have undergone
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F Commands relaxation.
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If the effective viscosity and effective thermal conductivity are not stored, upon restart they will be calculated from the existing field of turbulent kinetic energy, turbulent kinetic energy dissipation rate, and the density. Again, this is similar to the usual calculation. See also the FLDATA1 ,SOLU, FLDATA2 ,ITER, FLDATA3 ,TERM, FLDATA4,TIME, FLDATA4A,STEP, and FLDATA6 ,CONV commands for other Solution and Output Controls.
Menu Paths
Main Menu>Preprocessor>FLOTRAN Set Up>Additional Out>Print Controls Main Menu>Preprocessor>FLOTRAN Set Up>Additional Out>RFL Out Derived Main Menu>Preprocessor>FLOTRAN Set Up>Additional Out>RFL Prop Based Main Menu>Preprocessor>FLOTRAN Set Up>Additional Out>Residual File Main Menu>Preprocessor>FLOTRAN Set Up>Execution Ctrl Main Menu>Solution>FLOTRAN Set Up>Additional Out>Print Controls Main Menu>Solution>FLOTRAN Set Up>Additional Out>RFL Out Derived Main Menu>Solution>FLOTRAN Set Up>Additional Out>RFL Prop Based Main Menu>Solution>FLOTRAN Set Up>Additional Out>Residual File Main Menu>Solution>FLOTRAN Set Up>Execution Ctrl
Prev FLDATA4A Prev FLDATA6 F Commands
Next FLDATA6 Next
FLDATA6
Name
FLDATA6 , CONV, Label, Value Controls the output of the convergence monitor. group: PREP7:FLOTRAN Options product: MP FL PP ED
CONV
Enter the word CONV in this field. FLDATA6 ,CONV is the FLDATA command with its first argument set to CONV. It can be entered into the program as either FLDATA6,CONV, Label,Value or FLDATA,CONV,Label,Value where Label and Value are as described below. See the file://D:\Documents%20and%20Settings\Administrator\Local%20Settings\Temp\~hh... 20.05.2004
F Commands FLDATA command for other FLOTRAN CFD input choices.

Label
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Format and frequency controls (dictates the meaning of Value): OUTP -controls which display format is used. Value can be LAND, BLOC, or BNOW, as described below (defaults to BNOW).
Value
ITER -If OUTP Value is LAND or BLOC, Value is the number of iterations for which the convergence monitor information is stored in memory before being printed. Defaults to Value = 1.
Value
Value as described for Label above: LAND -All DOF are output in landscape mode (valid only if Label = OUTP). BLOC -All DOF are output in block mode (valid only if Label = OUTP). BNOW -All DOF are presented in block format immediately as iterations are completed (valid only if Label = OUTP).
n
-Number of iterations (valid only if Label = ITER).
Notes
The convergence monitor output will appear on the screen during an interactive FLOTRAN analysis as well as in the printed output. OUTP controls what display format is used, and ITER controls how many iterations are stored and displayed. See also the FLDATA1 ,SOLU, FLDATA2 ,ITER, FLDATA3 ,TERM, FLDATA4,TIME, FLDATA4A,STEP, and FLDATA5 ,OUTP commands for other Solution and Output Controls. The choices for OUTP are LANDscape mode, BLOCk mode, or the "block now" mode, BNOW. If OUTP is set to BNOW, convergence monitor information is not stored in the memory, but is presented immediately as it is calculated. If OUTP is set to either LAND or BLOC, information is first stored for n (ITER) iterations before being printed. In the following illustrations, "x" denotes convergence monitor numbers greater than zero:
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F Commands
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Landscape Mode
Iter< VX VY VZ PRES ENKE ENDS TEMP 1 x x x x x x x 2 x x x x x x x 3 x x x x x x x 4 x x x x x x x 5 x x x x x x x 6 x x x x x x x
Block Mode
Iter ^ 1 2 3 4 5 6 VX x x x x x x VY x x x x x x VZ x x x x x x PRES x x x x x x ENKE x x x x x x ENDS x x x x x x TEMP X X X X X X
Menu Paths
Main Menu>Preprocessor>FLOTRAN Set Up>Additional Out>Print Controls Main Menu>Solution>FLOTRAN Set Up>Additional Out>Print Controls
Next FLDATA7 Next
FLDATA7
Name
FLDATA7 , PROT, Label, Value Specifies the type of fluid property. group: PREP7:FLOTRAN Property product: MP FL PP ED
PROT
Enter the word PROT in this field. FLDATA7 ,PROT is the FLDATA command with its first argument set to PROT. It can be entered into the program as either FLDATA7,PROT, Label,Value or file://D:\Documents%20and%20Settings\Administrator\Local%20Settings\Temp\~hh... 20.05.2004
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FLDATA,PROT, Label,Value where Label and Value are as described below. See the FLDATA command for other FLOTRAN CFD input choices.
Label
Fluid property being typed: DENS -Density ( Value defaults to CONSTANT). VISC -Viscosity ( Value defaults to CONSTANT). COND -Thermal conductivity ( Value defaults to CONSTANT). SPHT -Specific heat (Value defaults to CONSTANT). SFTS -Surface tension coefficient ( Value defaults to CONSTANT). WSCA -Wall static contact angle. ( Value defaults to CONSTANT).
Value
Fluid property type. You can enter one of the values shown below, or if your fluid properties can be expressed as a table, you can enter a table name. To enter a table name, you must first define a TABLE type array parameter using the *DIM command. Note that you must enclose the table name in % symbols in the FLDATA7 command line (e.g., FLDATA7 ,PROT,DENS,%tabname%). For more information on defining tables, see TABLE Type Array Parameters in the ANSYS APDL Programmer's Guide. CONSTANT -Constant properties. The FLDATA8 ,NOMI command must be used to specify nominal properties. GAS -Gas properties. The FLDATA8 ,NOMI command must be used to specify nominal properties. FLDATA9 ,COF1, FLDATA10,COF2, and possibly FLDATA11,COF3, must also be used. LIQUID --
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Liquid properties. The FLDATA8,NOMI command must be used to specify nominal properties. FLDATA9 ,COF1, FLDATA10,COF2, and possibly FLDATA11,COF3 must be used. TABLE -Indicates that a table of property values and corresponding temperature values are input using the MPDATA and MPTEMP commands. You cannot use this option with the % table% method described above. POWL -This choice for viscosity type activates the Power Law viscosity model, which is nonNewtonian. (For a description of the model see the ANSYS, Inc. Theory Reference. The ANSYS CFD Flotran Analysis Guide explains how to use the model.) The Power Law model requires you to specify four coefficients via the FLDATA8,NOMI,VISC command, the FLDATA9,COF1,VISC command, the FLDATA10,COF2,VISC command, and the FLDATA11,COF3,VISC command. CARR -This choice for viscosity type activates the Carreau viscosity model, which in nonNewtonian. (For a description of this model, see the ANSYS, Inc. Theory Reference . The ANSYS CFD Flotran Analysis Guide explains how to use the non-Newtonian viscosity models.) The Carreau model requires you to specify four coefficients via the FLDATA8 , NOMI,VISC command, the FLDATA9,COF1,VISC command, the FLDATA10,COF2,VISC command and the FLDATA11,COF3,VISC command. BING -This choice for viscosity type activates the Bingham viscosity model, which is nonNewtonian. (For a description of this model, see the ANSYS, Inc. Theory Reference . The ANSYS CFD Flotran Analysis Guide explains how to use the non-Newtonian viscosity models.) The Bingham model requires you to specify three coefficients, using the FLDATA8 ,NOMI,VISC command, the FLDATA9,COF1,VISC command, and the FLDATA10,COF2,VISC command. USRV -This choice for viscosity activates the user-programmable subroutine, USERVISLAW. In this routine, you can define your own constitutive relationship between viscosity and other variables such as position, time, temperature, pressure, velocity, velocity gradients, etc. For details, see the ANSYS, Inc. Theory Reference, the ANSYS CFD Flotran Analysis Guide, and the ANSYS Guide to User Programmable Features
The USERVISLAW subroutine uses the four coefficients you specify via the FLDATA8 ,NOMI,VISC command, the FLDATA9,COF1,VISC command, the FLDATA10,COF2,VISC command, and the FLDATA11,COF3,VISC command. AIR -Air properties in units of meter-kg-sec. file://D:\Documents%20and%20Settings\Administrator\Local%20Settings\Temp\~hh... 20.05.2004
F Commands AIR_B --
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Air properties in units of meter-kg-sec, and the pressure is set to the reference pressure for the evaluation of density. AIR-SI -Air properties in units of meter-kg-sec. AIR-SI_B -Air properties in units of meter-kg-sec, and the pressure is set to the reference pressure for the evaluation of density. AIR-CM -Air properties in units of cm-g-sec. AIR-CM_B -Air properties in units of cm-g-sec, and the pressure is set to the reference pressure for the evaluation of density. AIR-MM -Air properties in units of mm-g-sec. AIR-MM_B -Air properties in units of mm-g-sec, and the pressure is set to the reference pressure for the evaluation of density. AIR-FT -Air properties in units of fl-slug-sec. AIR-FT_B -Air properties in units of fl-slug-sec, and the pressure is set to the reference pressure for the evaluation of density. AIR-IN -Air properties in units of in-(lbf-s**2/in)-sec (results in units of psi for pressure). AIR-IN_B -Air properties in units of in-(lbf-s**2/in)-sec (results in units of psi for pressure), and the pressure is set to the reference pressure for the evaluation of density. CMIX -The property is the mass fraction average of the individual species property. You can
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F Commands use this option only if the species are defined. USER --
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Use one of the following user-programmable subroutines to define the property: UserDens to define density, UserVisLaw to define viscosity, UserSpht to define specific heat, UserCond to define conductivity, or UserSfts to define surface tension. CGAS -Available only for density. The density is calculated using the ideal gas law, with the molecular weight calculated from the mass fraction average of the individual species molecular weights. You can only use this option if species are defined.
Notes
This command is used to specify the fluid property type (constant, gas, liquid, air) for the density, viscosity, and (if required) thermal conductivity and specific heat properties. Repeat the FLDATA7 command for each property as required. The choice of fluid property type implies the use of one of the following equations. In all cases the program assumes that consistent units are being used. The value of unity for the gravitational constant gc implies a consistent set of units. If the property type is CONSTANT, then the equations used are as follows: DENS = NOMI VISC = NOMI COND = NOMI SPHT = NOMI If the property type is LIQUID, then Sutherland's liquid law is used for the viscosity and conductivity and a second order polynomial as a function of temperature is used for density: DENS = NOMI + COF2*(T -COF1) + COF3*(T -COF1) 2 VISC = NOMI*EXP[(COF2*(1/T -1/COF1) + COF3*(1/T -1/COF1) 2 ] COND = NOMI*EXP[(COF2*(1/T -1/COF1) + COF3*(1/T -1/COF1) 2] If the type is GAS, Sutherland's law for gases is used for conductivity and viscosity and the ideal gas law is used for the density: DENS = NOMI * (P/COF2) / (T/COF1) VISC = NOMI * (T/COF1) 1.5 * (COF1 + COF2)/(T + COF2) COND = NOMI * (T/COF1) 1.5 * (COF1 + COF2)/(T + COF2)
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For Label = SFTS, CONSTANT, LIQUID, and USER are the only valid property types. If the property type is CONSTANT, the equation is: SFTS = NOMI If the property type is LIQUID, the equation is: SFTS = NOMI + COF2*(T-COF1) + COF3*(T-COF1)2 For Label = WSCA, CONSTANT is the only valid property type and the equation is: WSCA = NOMI In each case, the value of NOMI is input with the FLDATA8 ,NOMI command, COF1 with FLDATA9 ,COF1, COF2 with FLDATA10,COF2, and COF3 with FLDATA11,COF3. No defaults are assumed. For types other than GAS, LIQUID, CONSTANT, AIR or AIR_B, the values of constants in the evaluation of properties will be obtained from the file FLOPRP.ANS, where the data for AIR resides. See the ANSYS CFD Flotran Analysis Guide for information on how to put data into the FLOPRP.ANS file. See also the FLDATA8 ,NOMI, FLDATA9 ,COF1, FLDATA10,COF2, FLDATA11,COF3, FLDATA12,PROP, and FLDATA13,VARY commands for other Fluid Property Definition commands. This command is accessed in the menu as FLDATA12,PROP.
Menu Paths
Main Menu>Preprocessor>FLOTRAN Set Up>Fluid Properties Main Menu>Preprocessor>FLOTRAN Set Up>Table Props Main Menu>Solution>FLOTRAN Set Up>Fluid Properties Main Menu>Solution>FLOTRAN Set Up>Table Props >fldata7
Next FLDATA8 Next
FLDATA8
Name
FLDATA8 , NOMI, Label, Value Specifies the NOMI coefficient of the fluid property equation.
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F Commands group: PREP7:FLOTRAN Property product: MP FL PP ED
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NOMI
Enter the word NOMI in this field. FLDATA8 ,NOMI is the FLDATA command with its first argument set to NOMI. It can be entered into the program as either FLDATA8,NOMI, Label,Value or FLDATA,NOMI,Label,Value where Label and Value are as described below. See the FLDATA command for other FLOTRAN CFD input choices.
Label
Fluid property NOMI is being defined for: DENS -Density. VISC -Viscosity. COND -Thermal conductivity. SPHT -Specific heat. SFTS -Surface tension coefficient. WSCA -Wall static contact angle ( Value defaults to 90).
Value
Enter the value for NOMI.
Notes
Specifies the value NOMI as described on the FLDATA7 ,PROT command. NOMI is the constant fluid property value, or is the value of the property at the specified temperature COF1 (or simply the value of a coefficient). NOMI is only valid for property types GAS, LIQUID, and CONSTANT [FLDATA7 ,PROT]. If the property is a gas or liquid, FLDATA9,COF1, FLDATA10,COF2, and file://D:\Documents%20and%20Settings\Administrator\Local%20Settings\Temp\~hh... 20.05.2004
F Commands possibly FLDATA11,COF3, must also be used.
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If the label is VISC, the FLDATA7 ,PROT command you enter determines what NOMI is. For example, if you issue the FLDATA7,PROT,VISC,POWL command, NOMI is the nominal viscosity for the Power Law model. If you issue the FLDATA7 ,PROT,VISC,BING command, the NOMI is the plastic viscosity for the Bingham model. If you issue the FLDATA7 ,PROT,VISC,CARR command, the NOMI is the zero shear rate viscosity for the Carreau model. If you issue the FLDATA7 ,PROT,USRV command, the NOMI is a coefficient available in USERVISLAW, the user-programmable subroutine for viscosity models. See also the FLDATA12,PROP and FLDATA13,VARY commands for other Fluid Property Definition commands.
Menu Paths
Main Menu>Preprocessor>FLOTRAN Set Up>Fluid Properties Main Menu>Solution>FLOTRAN Set Up>Fluid Properties >fldata8
Next FLDATA9 Next
FLDATA9
Name
FLDATA9 , COF1, Label, Value Specifies the COF1 coefficient of the fluid property equation. group: PREP7:FLOTRAN Property product: MP FL PP ED
COF1
Enter the word COF1 in this field. FLDATA9 ,COF1 is the FLDATA command with its first argument set to COF1. It can be entered into the program as either FLDATA9,COF1,Label,Value or FLDATA,COF1,Label,Value where Label and Value are as described below. See the FLDATA command for other FLOTRAN CFD input choices.
Label
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F Commands Fluid property being described: DENS -Density. VISC -Viscosity. COND -Thermal conductivity. SPHT -Specific heat. SFTS -Surface tension coefficient.
Value
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Absolute temperature at which the Label property has the value NOMI (defaults to 0.0) or simply a coefficient.
Notes
Specifies the value of absolute temperature associated with the property value set be FLDATA8 ,NOMI, as described on the FLDATA7,PROT command, or simply a coefficient. Setting the value of COF1 to zero results in a constant property for liquids or gas. If the property is a gas or liquid, FLDATA8 ,NOMI, FLDATA10,COF2, and possibly FLDATA11,COF3, must also be used. If the label is VISC and you issue the FLDATA7 ,PROT,VISC,POWL command, the COF1 value is the cutoff shear rate for the Power Law Model. If you issue the FLDATA7 ,PROT,VISC,BING command, COF1 is the plastic stress value for the Bingham model. If you issue the FLDATA7 ,PROT,VISC,CARR command, the COF1 value is the infinite shear rate viscosity for the Carreau model. If you issue the FLDATA7 ,PROT,VISC,USRV command, COF1 is a coefficient available in the USERVISLAW subroutine. If the label is SPHT, the COF1 value is available in the user-programmable subroutine UserSpht. See also the FLDATA12,PROP, and FLDATA13,VARY commands for other Fluid Property Definition commands.
Menu Paths
Main Menu>Preprocessor>FLOTRAN Set Up>Fluid Properties Main Menu>Solution>FLOTRAN Set Up>Fluid Properties
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F Commands Prev FLDATA8 Prev FLDATA10 F Commands
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FLDATA10
Name
FLDATA10, COF2, Label, Value Specifies the COF2 coefficient of the fluid property equation. group: PREP7:FLOTRAN Property product: MP FL PP ED
COF2
Enter the word COF2 in this field. FLDATA10,COF2 is the FLDATA command with its first argument set to COF2. It can be entered into the program as either FLDATA10,COF2,Label,Value or FLDATA,COF2,Label,Value where Label and Value are as described below. See the FLDATA command for other FLOTRAN CFD input choices.
Label
Fluid property being described: DENS -Density. VISC -Viscosity. COND -Thermal conductivity. SPHT -Specific heat. SFTS -Surface tension coefficient.
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F Commands
Value
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Coefficient COF2 (defaults to 0.0).
Notes
Specifies the value COF2 as described on the FLDATA7 ,PROT command. If the label is VISC and you issue the FLDATA7 ,PROT,VISC,POWL command, the COF2 value is the consistency coefficient for the Power Law Model. If you issue the FLDATA7 ,PROT,VISC,BING command, COF2 is the Newtonian viscosity for the Bingham model. If you issue the FLDATA7 ,PROT,VISC,CARR command, the COF2 value is the time constant for the Carreau model. If you issue the FLDATA7 ,PROT,VISC,USRV command, COF2 is a coefficient available in the USERVISLAW subroutine. For viscosity, liquid, gas,or thermal conductivity, COF2 is a Sutherland's law constant. For liquid density, it is a polynomial coefficient. For gas density, it is the pressure in the nominal ideal gas law constant evaluation. If the property is a gas or liquid, FLDATA8 ,NOMI, FLDATA9,COF1, and possibly FLDATA11,COF3, must also be used. See also the FLDATA12,PROP, and FLDATA13,VARY commands for other Fluid Property Definition commands. If the label is SPHT, the COF2 value is available in the user-programmable subroutine UserSpht.
Menu Paths
Next FLDATA11 Next
FLDATA11
Name
FLDATA11, COF3, Label, Value Specifies the COF3 coefficient of the fluid property equation. group: PREP7:FLOTRAN Property product: MP FL PP ED
F Commands
COF3
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Enter the word COF3 in this field. FLDATA11,COF3 is the FLDATA command with its first argument set to COF3. It can be entered into the program as either FLDATA11,COF3,Label,Value or FLDATA,COF3,Label,Value where Label and Value are as described below. See the FLDATA command for other FLOTRAN CFD input choices.
Label
Fluid property being described: DENS -Density. VISC -Viscosity. COND -Thermal conductivity. SPHT -Specific heat. SFTS -Surface tension coefficient.
Value
Coefficient COF3 (defaults to 0.0).
Notes
Specifies the value COF3 as described on the FLDATA7 ,PROT command. If the label is VISC and you issue the FLDATA7 ,PROT,VISC,POWL command, the COF3 value is the power for the Power Law Model. COF3 is not used in the Bingham model. If you issue the FLDATA7 ,PROT,VISC,CARR command, the COF3 value is the power for the Carreau model. If you issue the FLDATA7,PROT,VISC,USRV command, COF3 is a coefficient available in the USERVISLAW subroutine. For the viscosity or thermal conductivity of a liquid, COF3 is a Sutherland's law constant. For the density of a liquid, it is a polynomial coefficient. It is not used for gases. FLDATA8,NOMI, FLDATA9 ,COF1, and FLDATA10,COF2, must also be used. If the label is SPHT, the COF3 value is available in the user-programmable subroutine UserSpht. See also the FLDATA12,PROP, and FLDATA13,VARY commands for other Fluid Property file://D:\Documents%20and%20Settings\Administrator\Local%20Settings\Temp\~hh... 20.05.2004
F Commands Definition commands.
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Menu Paths
Main Menu>Preprocessor>FLOTRAN Set Up>Fluid Properties Main Menu>Solution>FLOTRAN Set Up>Fluid Properties >fldata11
Next FLDATA12 Next
FLDATA12
Name
FLDATA12, PROP, Label, Value Sets the property update frequency flag. group: PREP7:FLOTRAN Property product: MP FL PP ED
PROP
Enter the word PROP in this field. FLDATA12,PROP is the FLDATA command with its first argument set to PROP. It can be entered into the program as either FLDATA12,PROP,Label,Value or FLDATA,PROP,Label,Value where Label and Value are as described below. See the FLDATA command for other FLOTRAN CFD input choices.
Label
Updating label (dictates the meaning of Value): IVIS -Value is the initial guess for viscosity. If you do not specify any value, the nominal viscosity issued via the FLDATA8 ,NOMI,VISC command is the initial viscosity. For information on using this label, see the ANSYS CFD Flotran Analysis Guide. UFRQ -is the number of global iterations (frequency of updating) between the update of the properties.
Value
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F Commands
Value
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Number of iterations as described above (defaults to 1).
Notes
Properties will not be updated if the all the property types are set to CONSTANT with the FLDATA7 command. See also the FLDATA7 ,PROT, FLDATA8 ,NOMI, FLDATA9,COF1, FLDATA10,COF2, FLDATA11,COF3, and FLDATA13,VARY commands for other Fluid Property Definition commands.
Menu Paths
Next FLDATA13 Next
FLDATA13
Name
FLDATA13, VARY, Label, Value Sets the property variation flag. group: PREP7:FLOTRAN Property product: MP FL PP ED
VARY
Enter the word VARY in this field. FLDATA13,VARY is the FLDATA command with its first argument set to VARY. It can be entered into the program as either FLDATA13,VARY, Label,Value or FLDATA,VARY,Label,Value where Label and Value are as described below. See the FLDATA command for other FLOTRAN CFD input choices.
Label
Fluid property being described: file://D:\Documents%20and%20Settings\Administrator\Local%20Settings\Temp\~hh... 20.05.2004
F Commands DENS -Density. VISC -Viscosity. COND -Thermal conductivity. SPHT -Specific heat. SFTS -Surface tension coefficient.
Value
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Flag value for property variation: T -To turn property variation on. F -To turn property variation off (default).
Notes
For non-constant fluid properties [FLDATA7 ,PROT], the appropriate flags must be set to T to allow property variation between global iterations. See also the FLDATA7 ,PROT, FLDATA8 ,NOMI, FLDATA9,COF1, FLDATA10,COF2, FLDATA11,COF3, and FLDATA12,PROP commands for other Fluid Property Definition commands.
Menu Paths
Next FLDATA14 Next
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F Commands
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FLDATA14
Name
FLDATA14, TEMP, Label, Value Specifies the reference temperature. group: PREP7:FLOTRAN Operating product: MP FL PP ED
TEMP
Enter the word TEMP in this field. FLDATA14,TEMP is the FLDATA command with its first argument set to TEMP. It can be entered into the program as either FLDATA14,TEMP, Label,Value or FLDATA,TEMP,Label,Value where Label and Value are as described below. See the FLDATA command for other FLOTRAN CFD input choices.
Label
Type of temperature specification (dictates the meaning of Value): NOMI -is the initial temperature if a boundary condition or transient initial condition has not been set. Value defaults to 293.0.
Value
BULK -is the temperature used to evaluate heat transfer coefficients given a heat flux or temperature at a boundary. Value defaults to 293.0.
Value
TTOT -is the total (stagnation) temperature used in compressible adiabatic flow. The static temperature is calculated from the kinetic energy evaluated in terms of the velocity magnitude, specific heat, and gravitational constant:
Value
Value
Temperature as described above.
Notes
See also the FLDATA15,PRES, FLDATA16,BULK, and FLDATA17,GAMM commands for other file://D:\Documents%20and%20Settings\Administrator\Local%20Settings\Temp\~hh... 20.05.2004
F Commands Operating Condition commands.
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Menu Paths
Main Menu>Preprocessor>FLOTRAN Set Up>Flow Environment>Ref Conditions Main Menu>Solution>FLOTRAN Set Up>Flow Environment>Ref Conditions
Next FLDATA15 Next
FLDATA15
Name
FLDATA15, PRES, Label, Value Specifies the reference pressure. group: PREP7:FLOTRAN Operating product: MP FL PP ED
PRES
Enter the word PRES in this field. FLDATA15,PRES is the FLDATA command with its first argument set to PRES. It can be entered into the program as either FLDATA15,PRES, Label,Value or FLDATA,PRES,Label,Value where Label and Value are as described below. See the FLDATA command for other FLOTRAN CFD input choices.
Label
Reference label (dictates the meaning of Value): REFE -is the reference pressure. The absolute pressure results from adding the pressure components from rotating terms, the static pressure head, the FLOTRAN pressure, and the reference pressure. Value defaults to 1.0135x10 +5 .
Value Value
Reference pressure as described above.
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F Commands
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Notes
See also the FLDATA14,TEMP, FLDATA16,BULK, and FLDATA17,GAMM commands for other Operating Condition commands.
Menu Paths
Next FLDATA16 Next
FLDATA16
Name
FLDATA16, BULK, Label, Value Specifies the bulk modulus parameter. group: PREP7:FLOTRAN Operating product: MP FL PP ED
BULK
Enter the word BULK in this field. FLDATA16,BULK is the FLDATA command with its first argument set to BULK. It can be entered into the program as either FLDATA16,BULK, Label,Value or FLDATA,BULK, Label,Value where Label and Value are as described below. See the FLDATA command for other FLOTRAN CFD input choices.
Label
Label (dictates the meaning of Value): BETA -Value Value
is the bulk modulus parameter.
Value of bulk modulus parameter (defaults to 10 15 ).
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F Commands
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Notes
The bulk modulus parameter,
p,
is used in the transient algorithm for incompressible flows:
The default value corresponds to that of a constant density fluid. See also the FLDATA14,TEMP, FLDATA15,PRES, and FLDATA17,GAMM commands for other Operating Condition commands.
Menu Paths
Next FLDATA17 Next
FLDATA17
Name
FLDATA17, GAMM, Label, Value Specifies the specific heat ratio. group: PREP7:FLOTRAN Operating product: MP FL PP ED
GAMM
Enter the word GAMM in this field. FLDATA17,GAMM is the FLDATA command with its first argument set to GAMM. It can be entered into the program as either FLDATA17,GAMM, Label,Value or FLDATA,GAMM,Label,Value where Label and Value are as described below. See the FLDATA command for other FLOTRAN CFD input choices.
Label
Label (dictates the meaning of Value): file://D:\Documents%20and%20Settings\Administrator\Local%20Settings\Temp\~hh... 20.05.2004
F Commands COMP -Value Value
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is the ratio of specific heats.
Value of the ratio (defaults to 1.4).
Notes
Specifies the ratio of specific heat at constant pressure to the specific heat at constant volume, Cp/Cv. It is used in compressible analyses. See also the FLDATA14,TEMP, FLDATA15,PRES, and FLDATA16,BULK commands for other Operating Condition commands.
Menu Paths
Next FLDATA18 Next
FLDATA18
Name
FLDATA18, METH, Label, Value Selects the algebraic solver. group: PREP7:FLOTRAN Solver product: MP FL PP ED
METH
Enter the word METH in this field. FLDATA18,METH is the FLDATA command with its first argument set to METH. It can be entered into the program as either FLDATA18,METH, Label,Value or FLDATA,METH,Label,Value where Label and Value are as described below. See the FLDATA command for other FLOTRAN CFD input choices.
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F Commands
Label
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Degree of freedom set for which solver is being specified: PRES -Pressure equation. TEMP -Energy equation. VX -U velocity. VY -V velocity. VZ -W velocity. ENKE -Turbulent kinetic energy. ENDS -Turbulent kinetic energy dissipation rate.
Value
Solver to be used for the degree of freedom set: 0 -Do not solve the equation set. 1 -Use the Tri-Diagonal Matrix Algorithm (TDMA) (default for all DOF sets except PRES and TEMP). Also see the FLDATA19,TDMA command. 2 -Use the Conjugate Residual method. See also the FLDATA20,SRCH, FLDATA21,CONV, FLDATA22,MAXI, and FLDATA23,DELT commands. 3 -Use the Preconditioned Conjugate Residual method (default for PRES DOF set). See also the FLDATA20,SRCH, FLDATA21,CONV, FLDATA22,MAXI, and FLDATA23,DELT commands.
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F Commands 4 --
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Use the Preconditioned Generalized Minimum Residual (PGMR) solution method (default for TEMP DOF set). See FLOTRAN Thermal Analyses in the ANSYS CFD Flotran Analysis Guide for more information on conjugate heat transfer. 5 -Use the Sparse Direct method. 6 -Use the Preconditioned BiCGStab method (PBCGM).
Notes
A solver can be specified for each degree of freedom set. Repeat the FLDATA18 command as needed. The Tri-Diagonal Matrix Algorithm (TDMA) is a special case of the standard Gauss-Seidel iterative method for the solution of sets of algebraic equations. It is the preferred method for providing approximate solutions for the momentum and turbulence equations since exact solutions are not required. A convergence criterion is not specified for the TDMA method, merely the number of iterations (sweeps) to be performed [FLDATA19,TDMA]. Three methods are semi-direct solution methods based on search directions. The Conjugate Residual method requires the least memory, but stalls when solving ill-conditioned problems. (In an illconditioned problem, the thermal properties of fluid and non-fluid materials are different by several orders of magnitude). The Preconditioned Conjugate Residual method requires much more memory but performs better for ill-conditioned matrix problems which can arise when you are solving conjugate heat transfer problems. The Preconditioned Generalized Minimum Residual (PGMR) method is memory-intensive; by necessity, it incorporates a tight convergence criterion. The PGMR method is recommended for solving the energy equation for ill-conditioned conjugate transfer problems. In general, the Preconditioned BiCGStab method (PBCGM) requires less memory than the PGMR method. It is also recommended for extremely ill-conditioned conjugate heat transfer problems. The Sparse Direct method is based on Gaussian elimination to factorize the matrix. This method is memory intensive and creates temporary files on the hard disk. It is robust and can be used for symmetric as well as non-symmetric equation systems. For incompressible flow problems that involve the solution for the pressure degree of freedom, if you set Value equal to 2 or 3, the Preconditioned Conjugate Gradient method solver is used instead of the Conjugate Residual or Preconditioned Conjugate Residual method solvers. The ANSYS, Inc. Theory Reference contains more detail on these methods. See also the FLDATA19,TDMA, FLDATA20,SRCH, FLDATA21,CONV, FLDATA22,MAXI, FLDATA23,DELT, commands for other Algebraic Solver controls.
Menu Paths
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F Commands
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Next FLDATA19 Next
FLDATA19
Name
FLDATA19, TDMA, Label, Value Specifies the number of TDMA sweeps. group: PREP7:FLOTRAN Solver product: MP FL PP ED
TDMA
Enter the word TDMA in this field. FLDATA19,TDMA is the FLDATA command with its first argument set to TDMA. It can be entered into the program as either FLDATA19,TDMA,Label,Value or FLDATA,TDMA,Label,Value where Label and Value are as described below. See the FLDATA command for other FLOTRAN CFD input choices.
Label
Degree of freedom set for which the TDMA solver is being used: PRES --
20.05.2004
F Commands Pressure equation ( Value defaults to 100). TEMP -Energy equation ( Value defaults to 100). VX -U velocity (Value defaults to 1). VY -V velocity (Value defaults to 1). VZ -W velocity ( Value defaults to 1). ENKE -Turbulent kinetic energy ( Value defaults to 10). ENDS -Turbulent kinetic energy dissipation rate ( Value defaults to 10).
Value
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Number of iterations (sweeps) for this degree of freedom set.
Notes
Specifies the number of iterations (sweeps) the Tri-Diagonal Matrix Algorithm [FLDATA18,METH] will perform during the solution. A different number of sweeps may be specified for each degree of freedom set the TDMA solver is used for. Increasing the number for the velocity DOF may cause instability. See also the FLDATA18,METH command for other Algebraic Solver controls. This command is accessible in the menu if FLDATA18,METH, Label,1 has been issued for the PRES, TEMP, ENKE, or ENDS labels.
Menu Paths
Main Menu>Preprocessor>FLOTRAN Set Up>CFD Solver Controls>ENDS Solver CFD Main Menu>Preprocessor>FLOTRAN Set Up>CFD Solver Controls>ENKE Solver CFD Main Menu>Preprocessor>FLOTRAN Set Up>CFD Solver Controls>PRES Solver CFD Main Menu>Preprocessor>FLOTRAN Set Up>CFD Solver Controls>TEMP Solver CFD Main Menu>Solution>FLOTRAN Set Up>CFD Solver Controls>ENDS Solver CFD Main Menu>Solution>FLOTRAN Set Up>CFD Solver Controls>ENKE Solver CFD
20.05.2004
F Commands Main Menu>Solution>FLOTRAN Set Up>CFD Solver Controls>PRES Solver CFD Main Menu>Solution>FLOTRAN Set Up>CFD Solver Controls>TEMP Solver CFD
Page 76 of 155
Next FLDATA20 Next
FLDATA20
Name
FLDATA20, SRCH, Label, Value Specifies the number of conjugate direction search vectors. group: PREP7:FLOTRAN Solver product: MP FL PP ED
SRCH
Enter the word SRCH in this field. FLDATA20,SRCH is the FLDATA command with its first argument set to SRCH. It can be entered into the program as either FLDATA20,SRCH, Label,Value or FLDATA,SRCH, Label,Value where Label and Value are as described below. See the FLDATA command for other FLOTRAN CFD input choices.
Label
Degree of freedom set for which the solver is being used: PRES -Pressure equation. TEMP -Energy equation. VX -U velocity. VY -V velocity.
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F Commands VZ -W velocity. ENKE -Turbulent kinetic energy. ENDS -Turbulent kinetic energy dissipation rate.
Value
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Number of search directions (defaults to 2). If you are using the PGMR solver, the default is to use 12 search vectors. You cannot use fewer than 12 for the PGMR solver. If you are using the PBCGM solver, the number of search directions is 1 to 8, with 2 as the default.
Notes
The conjugate direction iterative techniques (methods 2 and 3 on the FLDATA18,METH command) develop a solution as a linear combination of search directions. In the solution with methods 2 and 3, new search vectors are made orthogonal to Value previous vectors in the solution of the nonsymmetric matrix systems. See the ANSYS CFD Flotran Analysis Guide for details on when to change these values.
Note
The parameter is not applicable to the incompressible pressure equation since the new search vector is automatically orthogonal to all the previous ones. See also the FLDATA18,METH,TDMA, FLDATA21,CONV, FLDATA22,MAXI, and FLDATA23,DELT commands for other Algebraic Solver controls. This command is accessible in the menu if FLDATA18,METH, Label,(2 or 3) has been issued for the relevant labels.
Menu Paths
Main Menu>Preprocessor>FLOTRAN Set Up>CFD Solver Controls>ENDS Solver CFD Main Menu>Preprocessor>FLOTRAN Set Up>CFD Solver Controls>ENKE Solver CFD Main Menu>Preprocessor>FLOTRAN Set Up>CFD Solver Controls>PRES Solver CFD Main Menu>Preprocessor>FLOTRAN Set Up>CFD Solver Controls>TEMP Solver CFD Main Menu>Preprocessor>FLOTRAN Set Up>CFD Solver Controls>VX Solver CFD Main Menu>Preprocessor>FLOTRAN Set Up>CFD Solver Controls>VY Solver CFD Main Menu>Preprocessor>FLOTRAN Set Up>CFD Solver Controls>VZ Solver CFD Main Menu>Solution>FLOTRAN Set Up>CFD Solver Controls>ENDS Solver CFD Main Menu>Solution>FLOTRAN Set Up>CFD Solver Controls>ENKE Solver CFD Main Menu>Solution>FLOTRAN Set Up>CFD Solver Controls>PRES Solver CFD Main Menu>Solution>FLOTRAN Set Up>CFD Solver Controls>TEMP Solver CFD
20.05.2004
F Commands Main Menu>Solution>FLOTRAN Set Up>CFD Solver Controls>VX Solver CFD Main Menu>Solution>FLOTRAN Set Up>CFD Solver Controls>VY Solver CFD Main Menu>Solution>FLOTRAN Set Up>CFD Solver Controls>VZ Solver CFD
Page 78 of 155
Next FLDATA20A Next
FLDATA20A
Name
FLDATA20A, PGMR, Label, Value Specifies the amount of fill -in when preconditioning the coefficient matrix. group: PREP7:FLOTRAN Solver product: MP FL PP ED
PGMR
Enter the word PGMR in this field. FLDATA20A,PGMR is the FLDATA command with its first argument set to PGMR. It can be entered into the program as either FLDATA20A,PGMR,Label,Value or FLDATA,PGMR,Label,Value where Label and Value are as described below. See the FLDATA command for other FLOTRAN CFD input choices.
Label
Label (dictates the meaning of Value): FILL -Value represents the number of extra elements allowed in each row of the L and U decomposition matrices. An extra element is defined as being in addition to the number of non-zero elements in the row of the original matrix. The allowable range for the fill parameter is 1 to 10 (defaults to 6). MODP -represents the number of global iterations performed using the TDMA method between global iterations performed using the PGMR method for the temperature DOF. The first global iteration always uses the PGMR method. The global iteration count is based on the total number, not the number for a restart. Value defaults to 0 (PGMR always used).
Value
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F Commands
Value
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Notes
The fill parameter specifies the amount of fill-in when constructing the L and U decomposition of the coefficient matrix. Use of FILL requires selection of the PGMR solver for the PRES or TEMP degree of freedom. Use of MODP requires selection of the PGMR solver for the temperature DOF.
Menu Paths
Prev FLDATA20 Prev FLDATA20B F Commands
Next FLDATA20B Next
FLDATA20B
Name
FLDATA20B, PBCGM, Label, Value Specifies the number of fill-ins for the ILU preconditioner. group: PREP7:FLOTRAN Solver product: MP FL PP ED
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F Commands
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PBCGM
Enter the word PBCGM in this field. FLDATA20B,PBCGM is the FLDATA command with its first argument set to PBCGM. It can be entered into the program as either FLDATA20B,PBCGM,Label,Value or FLDATA,PBCGM,Label,Value where Label and Value are as described below. See the FLDATA command for other FLOTRAN CFD input choices.
Label
Label (dictates the meaning of Value): FILL -Value represents the number of extra elements allowed in each row of the L and U decomposition matrices. An extra element is defined as being in addition to the number of non-zero elements in the row of the original matrix. The allowable range for the fill parameter is 0 to 10 (defaults to 6).
Value
Notes
The fill parameter specifies the amount of fill-in when constructing the L and U decomposition of the coefficient matrix. A single constant for FILL is used for the PBCGM solver, and it will be applied to all degrees of freedom that use this solver.
Menu Paths
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F Commands
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Prev FLDATA20A Prev FLDATA21 F Commands
Next FLDATA21 Next
FLDATA21
Name
FLDATA21, CONV, Label, Value Specifies the convergence criterion for FLOTRAN algebraic solvers. group: PREP7:FLOTRAN Solver product: MP FL PP ED
CONV
Enter the word CONV in this field. FLDATA21,CONV is the FLDATA command with its first argument set to CONV. It can be entered into the program as either FLDATA21,CONV, Label,Value or FLDATA,CONV,Label,Value where Label and Value are as described below. See the FLDATA command for other FLOTRAN CFD input choices.
Label
Degree of freedom set for which the solver is being used: PRES -Pressure equation ( Value defaults to 1.0x10-12 ). TEMP -Energy equation ( Value defaults to 1.0x10-12 ). VX -U velocity (Value defaults to 1.0x10 -5 ). VY -V velocity (Value defaults to 1.0x10 -5 ). VZ --
20.05.2004
F Commands W velocity ( Value defaults to 1.0x10-5). ENKE -Turbulent kinetic energy ( Value defaults to 1.0x10-5 ). ENDS -Turbulent kinetic energy dissipation rate ( Value defaults to 1.0x10-5 ).
Value
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Convergence criterion factor.
Notes
The convergence monitor (for methods 2 or 3 on the FLDATA18,METH command) represents the factor by which the inner product of the residual vector is to be reduced during the solution of the equations at any global iteration. If you are using the Preconditioned Generalized Minimum Residual (PGMR) solver, the least restrictive convergence criterion allowed is 1.E-10. If you try to use a less restictive convergence criterion, FLOTRAN will change it to 1.E-10. A convergence criterion as low as 1.E-20 may be necessary for some problems. Less restrictive values are specified for the velocities and turbulence parameters because the iterative nature of the segregated solution algorithm in FLOTRAN does not require exact solutions to these equations at any global iteration. The default solution method for these degrees of freedom is the TriDiagonal Matrix Algorithm (TDMA) method. See also the FLDATA18,METH, FLDATA20,SRCH, FLDATA22,MAXI, and FLDATA23,DELT commands for other Algebraic Solver controls. This command is accessible in the menu if FLDATA18,METH, Label,(2 or 3) has been issued for the relevant labels.
Menu Paths
Main Menu>Preprocessor>FLOTRAN Set Up>CFD Solver Controls>ENDS Solver CFD Main Menu>Preprocessor>FLOTRAN Set Up>CFD Solver Controls>ENKE Solver CFD Main Menu>Preprocessor>FLOTRAN Set Up>CFD Solver Controls>PRES Solver CFD Main Menu>Preprocessor>FLOTRAN Set Up>CFD Solver Controls>TEMP Solver CFD Main Menu>Preprocessor>FLOTRAN Set Up>CFD Solver Controls>VX Solver CFD Main Menu>Preprocessor>FLOTRAN Set Up>CFD Solver Controls>VY Solver CFD Main Menu>Preprocessor>FLOTRAN Set Up>CFD Solver Controls>VZ Solver CFD Main Menu>Solution>FLOTRAN Set Up>CFD Solver Controls>ENDS Solver CFD Main Menu>Solution>FLOTRAN Set Up>CFD Solver Controls>ENKE Solver CFD Main Menu>Solution>FLOTRAN Set Up>CFD Solver Controls>PRES Solver CFD Main Menu>Solution>FLOTRAN Set Up>CFD Solver Controls>TEMP Solver CFD
20.05.2004
F Commands Main Menu>Solution>FLOTRAN Set Up>CFD Solver Controls>VX Solver CFD Main Menu>Solution>FLOTRAN Set Up>CFD Solver Controls>VY Solver CFD Main Menu>Solution>FLOTRAN Set Up>CFD Solver Controls>VZ Solver CFD
Page 83 of 155
Prev FLDATA20B Prev FLDATA22 F Commands
Next FLDATA22 Next
FLDATA22
Name
FLDATA22, MAXI, Label, Value Specifies the maximum number of semi-direct iterations. group: PREP7:FLOTRAN Solver product: MP FL PP ED
MAXI
Enter the word MAXI in this field. FLDATA22,MAXI is the FLDATA command with its first argument set to MAXI. It can be entered into the program as either FLDATA22,MAXI, Label,Value or FLDATA,MAXI,Label,Value where Label and Value are as described below. See the FLDATA command for other FLOTRAN CFD input choices.
Label
Degree of freedom set for which the solver is being used: PRES -Pressure equation ( Value defaults to 1000). TEMP -Energy equation ( Value defaults to 1000). VX -U velocity (Value defaults to 100). VY --
20.05.2004
F Commands V velocity (Value defaults to 100). VZ -W velocity ( Value defaults to 100). ENKE -Turbulent kinetic energy ( Value defaults to 100). ENDS -Turbulent kinetic energy dissipation ( Value defaults to 100).
Value
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Limit on the number of iterations.
Notes
These limits apply to the semi-direct solution methods (method 2 or 3 on the FLDATA18,METH command). If this number of iterations is reached before the convergence criterion is met, the solution is accepted, a warning message is printed, and the program continues normally. However if the pressure equation is not solved to the precision desired three times during a load step, execution will terminate. See also the FLDATA18,METH, FLDATA20,SRCH, FLDATA21,CONV, and FLDATA23,DELT commands for other Algebraic Solver controls. This command is accessible in the menu if FLDATA18,METH, Label,(2 or 3) has been issued for the relevant labels.
Menu Paths
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F Commands
Page 85 of 155
Next FLDATA23 Next
FLDATA23
Name
FLDATA23, DELT, Label, Value Specifies the solver minimum normalized rate of change. group: PREP7:FLOTRAN Solver product: MP FL PP ED
DELT Enter the word DELT in this field. FLDATA23,DELT is the FLDATA command with its first argument set to DELT. It can be entered into the program as either FLDATA23,DELT, Label,Value or FLDATA,DELT, Label,Value where Label and Value are as described below. See the FLDATA command for other FLOTRAN CFD input choices.
Label
Degree of freedom set for which the solver is being used: PRES -Pressure equation ( Value defaults to 1.0x10-10 ). TEMP -Energy equation ( Value defaults to 1.0x10-10 ). VX -U velocity (Value defaults to 1.0x10 -10 ). VY -V velocity (Value defaults to 1.0x10 -10 ). VZ --
20.05.2004
F Commands W velocity ( Value defaults to 1.0x10-10 ). ENKE -Turbulent kinetic energy ( Value defaults to 1.0x10-10 ). ENDS -Turbulent kinetic energy dissipation ( Value defaults to 1.0x10-10 ).
Value
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Minimum normalized rate of change (delta).
Notes
Delta is the minimum normalized rate of change which will permit the semi-direct solution methods (method 2 or 3 on the FLDATA18,METH command) to continue. Delta is used to terminate the semi-direct solvers in the event that stall occurs. If the methods stall, the solver increments the solution only a very small amount despite the fact that the correct solution has not been achieved. The maximum nodal difference between the solutions, normalized to the value of the variable, is compared to delta. Termination of the algebraic solver due to the small rate of change is considered a normal function and no warning message is printed. Execution of FLOTRAN continues normally. See also the FLDATA18,METH, FLDATA20,SRCH, FLDATA21,CONV, FLDATA22,MAXI commands for other Algebraic Solver controls. This command is accessible in the menu if FLDATA18,METH, Label,(2 or 3) has been issued for the relevant labels.
Menu Paths
Main Menu>Preprocessor>FLOTRAN Set Up>CFD Solver Controls>ENDS Solver CFD Main Menu>Preprocessor>FLOTRAN Set Up>CFD Solver Controls>ENKE Solver CFD Main Menu>Preprocessor>FLOTRAN Set Up>CFD Solver Controls>PRES Solver CFD Main Menu>Preprocessor>FLOTRAN Set Up>CFD Solver Controls>TEMP Solver CFD Main Menu>Preprocessor>FLOTRAN Set Up>CFD Solver Controls>VX Solver CFD Main Menu>Preprocessor>FLOTRAN Set Up>CFD Solver Controls>VY Solver CFD Main Menu>Preprocessor>FLOTRAN Set Up>CFD Solver Controls>VZ Solver CFD Main Menu>Solution>FLOTRAN Set Up>CFD Solver Controls>ENDS Solver CFD Main Menu>Solution>FLOTRAN Set Up>CFD Solver Controls>ENKE Solver CFD Main Menu>Solution>FLOTRAN Set Up>CFD Solver Controls>PRES Solver CFD Main Menu>Solution>FLOTRAN Set Up>CFD Solver Controls>TEMP Solver CFD Main Menu>Solution>FLOTRAN Set Up>CFD Solver Controls>VX Solver CFD Main Menu>Solution>FLOTRAN Set Up>CFD Solver Controls>VY Solver CFD Main Menu>Solution>FLOTRAN Set Up>CFD Solver Controls>VZ Solver CFD file://D:\Documents%20and%20Settings\Administrator\Local%20Settings\Temp\~hh... 20.05.2004
F Commands
Page 87 of 155
Next FLDATA24 Next
FLDATA24
Name
FLDATA24, TURB, Label, Value Sets the turbulence model and the constants used in the Standard k-epsilon Model and the Zero Equation Turbulence Model. group: PREP7:FLOTRAN Turbulence product: MP FL PP ED
TURB
Enter the word TURB in this field. FLDATA24,TURB is the FLDATA command with its first argument set to TURB. It can be entered into the program as either FLDATA24,TURB, Label,Value or FLDATA,TURB, Label,Value where Label and Value are as described below. See the FLDATA command for other FLOTRAN CFD input choices.
Label
Turbulence model parameter label (dictates the meaning of Value): MODL -sets the turbulence model used. Valid values are the integers 0 through 6 as follows: 0,1 -Value
Standard k2 --
Model (default).
Zero Equation Turbulence Model. 3 -Re-Normalized Group Turbulence Model (RNG). 4 --
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F Commands New k5 -Non-linear Model of Girimaji (GIR). 6 -Shih, Zhu, Lumley Model (SZL). RATI -Model due to Shih (NKE).
Page 88 of 155
Value is the turbulence ratio. The initial turbulent viscosity is equal to the laminar value times the turbulence ratio. Value defaults to 1000. ININ -is the inlet intensity. The fluctuating velocity component at the inlet is assumed to be the magnitude of the inlet velocity times the inlet intensity. Value defaults to 0.01.
Value
INSF -is the inlet scale factor. This factor is used to provide a length scale inlet region of the problem. The hydraulic diameter of the inlet is multiplied by the inlet scale factor. If a negative value is input, the absolute value is used as direct input of the hydraulic diameter. Value defaults to 0.01.
Value
SCTK -is the Schmidt number for the turbulent kinetic energy. The diffusion term in the turbulent kinetic energy equation is divided by this factor. Value defaults to 1.0.
Value
SCTD -is the Schmidt number for the kinetic energy dissipation rate. The diffusion term in the dissipation rate equation is divided by this factor. Value defaults to 1.3.
Value
CMU -Value
is the k-
turbulence model constant
which is used in the update of the turbulent viscosity. Value defaults to 0.09. C1 -is the k- turbulence model C1 constant. It is the multiplier of the shear rate generation term of the turbulent kinetic energy dissipation rate equation. Value defaults to 1.44.
Value
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F Commands C2 --
Page 89 of 155
is the k- turbulence model C2 constant. It is the multiplier of the dissipation source term in the turbulent kinetic energy dissipation rate equation. Value defaults to 1.92.
Value
BUC3 -is the k- buoyancy model constant. A value of zero means that there is no contribution to the turbulent kinetic energy dissipation rate equation. The default value of one is appropriate for stable thermally stratified flows. A value of zero is appropriate for unstable thermally stratified flows
Value
BUC4 -is the k- multiplier applied to the buoyancy term of the turbulent kinetic energy equation. A value of 1.0 is appropriate for the calculation of stable thermally stratified flows. Value defaults to 0.0.
Value
BETA -Value
is
, the coefficient of thermal expansion
This term is used in the buoyancy terms of the kKAPP --
model.
is the slope parameter of the law of the wall constant. It is the slope of the plot of normalized shear velocity (u +) versus the non-dimensionalized distance from the wall (y+ ). See ANSYS, Inc. Theory Reference for details. Value defaults to 0.4.
Value
EWLL -is the law of the wall constant. It is related to the y intercept value for a plot of normalized shear velocity (u +) versus the non-dimensionalized distance from the wall (y+ ). See the ANSYS, Inc. Theory Reference for more details. Value defaults to 9.0.
Value
WALL -is the choice of wall conductivity model. The default model is the Van Driest model (Value = VAND), used most often for high Prandtl number fluids. The second choice is the Spalding model ( Value = SPAL), applicable to low Prandtl number fluids. The third choice is the Equilibrium model ( Value = EQLB). The equilibrium model is also automatically invoked for the wall viscosity by this command.
Value
VAND -Value
is the constant in the Van Driest wall conductivity model. See the ANSYS,
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F Commands Inc. Theory Reference for details. Value defaults to 26.0. TRAN --
Page 90 of 155
is the magnitude of y+ marking the outer boundary of the laminar sublayer. Used only for the Equilibrium Wall model. Value defaults to 11.5.
Value
ZELS -is the Zero Equation Model length scale (defaults to -1). A negative value means that FLOTRAN will calculate the value internally.
Value Value
Turbulence model parameters values as explained above.
Notes
Sets the turbulence model and constants used in the Standard k- Model and the Zero Equation Turbulence Model. The other turbulence models are an extension of the Standard k- Model and different values are applied to some of the Standard k- Model constants and some additional constants are added. Applicable only if the turbulence model is activated [FLDATA1 ,SOLU,TURB, TRUE]. The default values are used most often. See the ANSYS, Inc. Theory Reference for more information on the turbulence models. See also the FLDATA24A,RNGT, FLDATA24B,NKET, FLDATA24C,GIRT, and FLDATA24D,SZLT commands for other turbulence model constants.
Menu Paths
Main Menu>Preprocessor>FLOTRAN Set Up>Turbulence>Buoyancy Terms Main Menu>Preprocessor>FLOTRAN Set Up>Turbulence>Inlet Parameters Main Menu>Preprocessor>FLOTRAN Set Up>Turbulence>Turbulence Model Main Menu>Preprocessor>FLOTRAN Set Up>Turbulence>Wall Parameters Main Menu>Solution>FLOTRAN Set Up>Turbulence>Buoyancy Terms Main Menu>Solution>FLOTRAN Set Up>Turbulence>Inlet Parameters Main Menu>Solution>FLOTRAN Set Up>Turbulence>Turbulence Model Main Menu>Solution>FLOTRAN Set Up>Turbulence>Wall Parameters
Next FLDATA24A Next
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F Commands
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FLDATA24A
Name
FLDATA24A, RNGT, Label, Value Sets constants for the Re-Normalized Group Turbulence Model (RNG). group: PREP7:FLOTRAN Turbulence product: MP FL PP ED
RNGT
Enter the word RNGT in this field. FLDATA24A,RNGT is the FLDATA command with its first argument set to RNGT. It can be entered into the program as either FLDATA24A, RNGT, Label,Value or FLDATA,RNGT ,Label,Value where Label and Value are as described below.
Label
Turbulence model parameter label (dictates the meaning of Value): SCTK -is the Schmidt number for the turbulent kinetic energy. The diffusion term in the turbulent kinetic energy equation is divided by this factor. Value defaults to 0.72.
Value
Value
CMU -Value
is the turbulence model constant
which is used in the update of the turbulent viscosity. Value defaults to 0.085. C1 -is the multiplier of the shear rate generation term of the turbulent kinetic energy dissipation rate equation. Value defaults to 1.42.
Value
C2 --
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F Commands
Value
Page 92 of 155
is the multiplier of the dissipation source term in the turbulent kinetic energy dissipation rate equation. Value defaults to 1.68. BETA -Value
is the RNG model constant,
defaults to 0.012, which corresponds to a value of 0.4 for the von Karman constant.
Value
ETAI -Value Value
is the asymptotic value of the strain rate parameter eta. Value defaults to 4.38.
Notes
The Re-Normalized Group Turbulence Model (RNG) is an extension of the Standard k- Model. Different values are applied to five of the Standard k- Model constants and two additional constants are added. The values for the RNG Model are applied with the FLDATA24A,RNGT command and are separate from the Standard k- Model constants. Applicable only if the Re -Normalized Group Turbulence Model (RNG) is activated [FLDATA24,TURB,MODL,3]. The default values are used most often. See the ANSYS Theory Reference for more information on the turbulence models. See also the FLDATA24,TURB command.
Menu Paths
Main Menu>Preprocessor>FLOTRAN Set Up>Turbulence>Turbulence Model Main Menu>Solution>FLOTRAN Set Up>Turbulence>Turbulence Model
Prev FLDATA24 Prev FLDATA24B F Commands
Next FLDATA24B Next
FLDATA24B
Name
F Commands
Page 93 of 155
FLDATA24B, NKET, Label , Value Sets constants for the k-epsilon Turbulence Model due to Shih (NKE). group: PREP7:FLOTRAN Turbulence product: MP FL PP ED
NKET
Enter the word NKET in this field. FLDATA24B,NKET is the FLDATA command with its first argument set to NKET. It can be entered into the program as either FLDATA24B, NKET, Label,Value or FLDATA,NKET,Label,Value where Label and Value are as described below.
Label
Turbulence model parameter label (dictates the meaning of Value): SCTK -is the Schmidt number for the turbulent kinetic energy. The diffusion term in the turbulent kinetic energy equation is divided by this factor. It is the constant. Value defaults to 1.0.
Value
SCTD -is the Schmidt number for the kinetic energy dissipation rate. The diffusion term in the dissipation rate equation is divided by this factor. It is the constant. Value defaults to 1.2.
Value
C2 -is the multiplier of the dissipation source term in the turbulent kinetic energy dissipation rate equation. Value defaults to 1.90.
Value
C1MX -is the maximum allowed value of the C1 constant in the turbulent kinetic energy dissipation rate equation. Value defaults to 0.43.
Value Value
Notes
The k- Turbulence Model due to Shih (NKE) is an extension of the Standard k- Model. Different values are applied to three of the Standard k- Model constants and an additional constant is added. The values for the NKE Model are applied with the FLDATA24B,NKET command and
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F Commands are separate from the Standard kModel constants.
Page 94 of 155
Applicable only if the k- Model due to Shih (NKE) is activated [FLDATA24,TURB,MODL,4]. The default values are used most often. See the ANSYS, Inc. Theory Reference for more information on the turbulence models. See also the FLDATA24,TURB command.
Menu Paths
Prev FLDATA24A Prev FLDATA24C F Commands
Next FLDATA24C Next
FLDATA24C
Name
FLDATA24C, GIRT, Label, Value Sets constants for the Nonlinear Turbulence Model of Girimaji (GIR). group: PREP7:FLOTRAN Turbulence product: MP FL PP ED
GIRT
Enter the word GIRT in this field. FLDATA24C,GIRT is the FLDATA command with its first argument set to GIRT. It can be entered into the program as either FLDATA24C,GIRT,Label,Value or FLDATA,GIRT,Label,Value where Label and Value are as described below.
Label
Value
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F Commands SCTD --
Page 95 of 155
is the Schmidt number for the kinetic energy dissipation rate. The diffusion term in the dissipation rate equation is divided by this factor. Value defaults to 1.3.
Value
G0 -Value
is the
constant. Value defaults to 3.6.
G1 -Value
is the
constant. Value defaults to 0.0.
G2 -Value
is the C2 constant. Value defaults to 0.8.
G3 -Value
G4 -Value Value
Notes
Sets constants for the Nonlinear Turbulence Model of Girimaji (GIR), which is an extension of the Standard k- Model. Different values are applied to two of the Standard k- Model constants and five additional constants are added. The values for the GIR Model are applied with the FLDATA24C,GIRT command and are separate from the Standard k- Model constants. Applicable only if the Nonlinear Model of Girimaji (GIR) is activated [FLDATA24,TURB,MODL,5]. The default values are used most often. See the ANSYS Theory Reference for more information on the turbulence models. See also the FLDATA24,TURB command.
Menu Paths
Prev
Next
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F Commands FLDATA24B Prev FLDATA24D F Commands
Page 96 of 155 FLDATA24D Next
FLDATA24D
Name
FLDATA24D, SZLT, Label, Value Sets constants for the Shih, Zhu, Lumley Turbulence Model (SZL). group: PREP7:FLOTRAN Turbulence product: MP FL PP ED
SZLT
Enter the word SZLT in this field. FLDATA24D,SZLT is the FLDATA command with its first argument set to SZLT. It can be entered into the program as either FLDATA24D,SZLT,Label,Value or FLDATA,SZLT,Label,Value where Label and Value are as described below.
Label
Value
Value
SZL1 -is the numerator constant used in the calculation of Value defaults to 0.666.
Value
. It is the Aszl1 constant.
SZL2 -is the denominator constant used in the calculation of Value defaults to 1.25.
Value
. It is the Aszl2 constant.
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F Commands SZL3 -Value Value
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is the strain rate multiplier. It is the Aszl3 constant. Value defaults to 0.90.
Notes
Sets constants for the Shih, Zhu, Lumley Turbulence Model (SZL), which is an extension of the Standard k- Model. Different values are applied to two of the Standard k- Model constants and three additional constants are added. The values for the SZL Model are applied with the FLDATA24D,SZLT command and are separate from the Standard k- Model constants. Applicable only if the Shih, Zhu, Lumley Model (SZL) is activated [FLDATA24,TURB,MODL,6]. The default values are used most often. See the ANSYS Theory Reference for more information on the turbulence models. See also the FLDATA24,TURB command.
Menu Paths
Main Menu>Preprocessor>FLOTRAN Set Up>Turbulence>Turbulence Model Main Menu>Solution>FLOTRAN Set Up>Turbulene>Turbulence Model
Prev FLDATA24C Prev FLDATA25 F Commands
Next FLDATA25 Next
FLDATA25
Name
FLDATA25, RELX, Label, Value Sets solution and property relaxation factors. group: PREP7:FLOTRAN Stability product: MP FL PP ED
RELX
Enter the word RELX in this field.
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F Commands
Page 98 of 155
FLDATA25,RELX is the FLDATA command with its first argument set to RELX. It can be entered into the program as either FLDATA25,RELX, Label,Value or FLDATA,RELX, Label,Value where Label and Value are as described below. See the FLDATA command for other FLOTRAN CFD input choices.
Label
Solution and property relaxation factor labels: VX -Value
is the U Velocity relaxation factor.
VY -Value
is the V Velocity relaxation factor.
VZ -Value
is the W Velocity relaxation factor.
PRES -Value
is the pressure relaxation factor.
TEMP -Value
is the temperature relaxation factor.
ENKE -Value
is the kinetic energy relaxation factor.
ENDS -Value
is the dissipation rate relaxation factor.
EVIS -Value
is the effective viscosity relaxation factor.
ECON -Value
is the effective conductivity relaxation factor.
DENS -Value
is the density update relaxation factor.
VISC -Value
is the viscosity update relaxation factor.
COND -file://D:\Documents%20and%20Settings\Administrator\Local%20Settings\Temp\~hh... 20.05.2004
F Commands
Value
Page 99 of 155 is the conductivity update relaxation factor.
SPHT -Value Value
is the specific heat relaxation factor.
Value of relaxation parameter as explained above (defaults to 0.5). Defaults to 1.0 for SPHT.
Notes
For stability purposes the solution in FLOTRAN is under-relaxed between global iterations. When the solution of the equations for a given degree of freedom is completed, the actual set of values used is related to the calculated set and the previous values as follows (where RELX is the relaxation factor):
new
= (1--RELX)
previous
+ RELX
calculated
See also the FLDATA18,METH, FLDATA19,TDMA, FLDATA20,SRCH, FLDATA21,CONV, FLDATA22,MAXI, and FLDATA23,DELT commands for other Solver Stability controls.
Menu Paths
Main Menu>Preprocessor>FLOTRAN Set Up>Relax/Stab/Cap>DOF Relaxation Main Menu>Preprocessor>FLOTRAN Set Up>Relax/Stab/Cap>Prop Relaxation Main Menu>Solution>FLOTRAN Set Up>Relax/Stab/Cap>DOF Relaxation Main Menu>Solution>FLOTRAN Set Up>Relax/Stab/Cap>Prop Relaxation
Prev FLDATA24D Prev FLDATA26 F Commands
Next FLDATA26 Next
FLDATA26
Name
FLDATA26, STAB, Label, Value Sets stability controls. group: PREP7:FLOTRAN Stability product: MP FL PP ED
F Commands
STAB
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Enter the word STAB in this field. FLDATA26,STAB is the FLDATA command with its first argument set to STAB. It can be entered into the program as either FLDATA26,STAB, Label,Value or FLDATA,STAB, Label,Value where Label and Value are as described below. See the FLDATA command for other FLOTRAN CFD input choices.
Label
Control label (dictates the meaning of Value): TURB -Turbulence inertial relaxation ( Value defaults to 1.0x1015 ). MOME -Momentum inertial relaxation ( Value defaults to 1.0x1015 ). PRES -Pressure inertial relaxation ( Value defaults to 1.0x1015 ). TEMP -Energy inertial relaxation ( Value defaults to 1.0x1020 ). VISC -Artificial viscosity ( Value defaults to 0.0).
Value
Inertial relaxation factor.
Notes
These controls are used to make the sets of equations diagonally dominant through inertial relaxation. Making the matrix equations more diagonally dominant makes them easier to solve. More global iterations are required for convergence if inertial relaxation is used. See the ANSYS Theory Reference for details. Artificial viscosity can be activated to enhance stability in difficult compressible problems as well as in some incompressible problems. The artificial viscosity is added to the main diagonal and the forcing function of the momentum equations. The equations become more diagonally dominant locally in regions with high velocity gradients. In compressible analyses, the artificial viscosity should be gradually removed as convergence is achieved since a non-zero value will affect the final solution. This is not necessary for incompressible analyses as the divergence of velocity should be zero. In practice, values of artificial viscosity should not exceed 1000 times the effective viscosity. file://D:\Documents%20and%20Settings\Administrator\Local%20Settings\Temp\~hh... 20.05.2004
F Commands
Page 101 of 155
See also the FLDATA18,METH, FLDATA19,TDMA, FLDATA20,SRCH, FLDATA21,CONV, FLDATA22,MAXI, FLDATA23,DELT, FLDATA24,TURB, and FLDATA25,RELX commands for other Solver Stability controls.
Menu Paths
Main Menu>Preprocessor>FLOTRAN Set Up>Relax/Stab/Cap>Stability Parms Main Menu>Solution>FLOTRAN Set Up>Relax/Stab/Cap>Stability Parms
Next FLDATA27 Next
FLDATA27
Name
FLDATA27, PRIN, Label, Value Controls dependent variable printing. group: PREP7:FLOTRAN Miscellaneous product: MP FL PP ED
PRIN
Enter the word PRIN in this field. FLDATA27,PRIN is the FLDATA command with its first argument set to PRIN. It can be entered into the program as either FLDATA27,PRIN, Label,Value or FLDATA,PRIN,Label,Value where Label and Value are as described below. See the FLDATA command for other FLOTRAN CFD input choices.
Label
Dependent variable tabulation is being specified for: VX -U velocity. VY -V velocity. VZ --
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F Commands W velocity. PRES -Pressure. TEMP -Temperature. ENKE -Kinetic energy. ENDS -Turbulent kinetic energy dissipation rate. DENS -Density. VISC -Viscosity. COND -Conductivity. SPHT -Specific heat. EVIS -Effective viscosity. ECON -Effective conductivity. SFTS -Surface tension coefficient.
Value
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Tabulation key: T -Turn tabulation on.
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F Commands F -Turn tabulation off (default).
Page 103 of 155
Notes
When set to T, this control produces a tabulation of the values of the particular dependent variable at every node. It is set at the beginning of a load step. The printout can be large and is contained in the file Jobname.PFL. To observe the values of a dependent variable at selected nodes during postprocessing, see the PRNSOL command.
Menu Paths
Next FLDATA28 Next
FLDATA28
Name
FLDATA28, MODR, Label, Value Specifies that variable results are to be replaced. group: PREP7:FLOTRAN Miscellaneous product: MP FL PP ED
MODR
Enter the word MODR in this field. FLDATA28,MODR is the FLDATA command with its first argument set to MODR. It can be entered into the program as either FLDATA28,MODR,Label,Value or FLDATA,MODR,Label,Value where Label and Value are as described below. See the FLDATA command for other FLOTRAN CFD input choices.
Label
Dependent variables to be replaced: VX --
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F Commands U velocity. VY -V velocity. VZ -W velocity. PRES -Pressure. TEMP -Temperature. ENKE -Kinetic energy. ENDS -Turbulent kinetic energy dissipation rate. DENS -Density. VISC -Viscosity. COND -Conductivity. SPHT -Specific heat. EVIS -Effective viscosity. ECON -Effective conductivity. TTOT -Total temperature.
Page 104 of 155
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F Commands SFTS -Surface tension coefficient.

Value
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Variable replace flag: T -Allow this variable to be re-initialized. F -Do not allow this variable to be re-initialized (default).
Notes
Results for any of the dependent variables available can be replaced with new values for the next load step. Only a single value may be specified for the entire solution domain. This is used for reinitialization of a variable such as temperature, which has diverged while other temperature independent calculations have been successful. To re-initialize a variable, first use this command to set the replacement flag to T for the desired variable. Then use the FLDATA29,MODV command to put in the new variable value. Note that the flag(s) will be automatically reset to F after the new value has been inserted. See also the FLDATA29,MODV command.
Menu Paths
Main Menu>Preprocessor>FLOTRAN Set Up>Mod Res/Quad Ord>Modify Results Main Menu>Solution>FLOTRAN Set Up>Mod Res/Quad Ord>Modify Results
Next FLDATA29 Next
FLDATA29
Name
FLDATA29, MODV, Label, Value Re-initializes a results variable. group: PREP7:FLOTRAN Miscellaneous product: MP FL PP ED
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F Commands
Page 106 of 155
MODV
Enter the word MODV in this field. FLDATA29,MODV is the FLDATA command with its first argument set to MODV. It can be entered into the program as either FLDATA29,MODV, Label,Value or FLDATA,MODV, Label,Value where Label and Value are as described below. See the FLDATA command for other FLOTRAN CFD input choices.
Label
Dependent variables to be replaced: VX -U velocity. VY -V velocity. VZ -W velocity. SP0 n -Mass fraction of species n, where n = 1 to 6 (FLOTRAN). If a species is given a userdefined name [MSSPEC], use that name instead of SP0 n. PRES -Pressure. TEMP -Temperature. ENKE -Kinetic energy. ENDS -Turbulent kinetic energy dissipation rate. DENS -Density. VISC --
20.05.2004
F Commands Viscosity. COND -Conductivity. SPHT -Specific heat. EVIS -Effective viscosity. ECON -Effective conductivity. TTOT -Total temperature. SFTS -Surface tension coefficient. LMDn -Laminar mass diffusion coefficient for species n, where n = 1 to 6. EMDm -Effective mass diffusion coefficient for species n, where n = 1 to 6.
Value
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New value of variable (defaults to 0.0). Specifying FLDATA29,MODV, Label,Value modifies the entire field variable to a constant value.
Notes
Results for any of the dependent variables available can be replaced with new values for the next load step. Only a single value may be specified for the entire solution domain. This is used for reinitialization of a variable such as temperature, which has diverged while other temperature independent calculations have been successful. Boundary conditions are re-applied upon restart. Quantities which are not allowed to vary (e.g., CONSTANT properties) should not be modified. Also, modifying results should not be attempted on the initial run.
Menu Paths
Main Menu>Preprocessor>FLOTRAN Set Up>Mod Res/Quad Ord>Modify Results file://D:\Documents%20and%20Settings\Administrator\Local%20Settings\Temp\~hh... 20.05.2004
F Commands Main Menu>Solution>FLOTRAN Set Up>Mod Res/Quad Ord>Modify Results
Page 108 of 155
Next FLDATA30 Next
FLDATA30
Name
FLDATA30, QUAD, Label, Value Controls the quadrature orders. group: PREP7:FLOTRAN Miscellaneous product: MP FL PP ED
QUAD
Enter the word QUAD in this field. FLDATA30,QUAD is the FLDATA command with its first argument set to QUAD. It can be entered into the program as either FLDATA30,QUAD, Label,Value or FLDATA,QUAD,Label,Value where Label and Value are as described below. See the FLDATA command for other FLOTRAN CFD input choices.
Label
Element integral to change quadrature for: MOMD -Momentum diffusion term (defaults to 0 integration points). MOMS -Momentum source term (defaults to 0 integration points). PRSD -Pressure diffusion term (defaults to 1 integration point). PRSS -Pressure source term (defaults to 1 integration point). THRD -file://D:\Documents%20and%20Settings\Administrator\Local%20Settings\Temp\~hh... 20.05.2004
F Commands Thermal diffusion term (defaults to 0 integration points). THRS -Thermal source term (defaults to 0 integration points). TRBD -Turbulent diffusion terms (defaults to 0 integration points). TRBS -Turbulent source terms (defaults to 2 integration points).
Value
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Number of integration points.
Notes
Controls the number of integration points used in the evaluation of element integrals. They are set at the optimum values by default. Values of 0 and 1 correspond to 1 point quadrature, but 0 means an average value of the diffusion coefficient has been used in the integrals. Values are automatically set to 2 for axisymmetric and polar analyses. Using a value of 2 will improve the accuracy for analyses using distorted elements. Repeat the FLDATA30 command as required.
Menu Paths
Main Menu>Preprocessor>FLOTRAN Set Up>Mod Res/Quad Ord>CFD Quad Orders Main Menu>Solution>FLOTRAN Set Up>Mod Res/Quad Ord>CFD Quad Orders
Next FLDATA31 Next
FLDATA31
Name
FLDATA31, CAPP, Label, Value Specifies dependent variable caps. group: PREP7:FLOTRAN Miscellaneous product: MP FL PP ED
F Commands
CAPP
Page 110 of 155
Enter the word CAPP in this field. FLDATA31,CAPP is the FLDATA command with its first argument set to CAPP. It can be entered into the program as either FLDATA31,CAPP,Label,Value or FLDATA,CAPP,Label,Value where Label and Value are as described below. See the FLDATA command for other FLOTRAN CFD input choices.
Label
Capping parameters. The first three are used to set the flags, and the rest are used to specify the cap values after the flag is set to T: VELO -Value
is the velocity capping flag ( Value defaults to F).
TEMP -Value
is the temperature capping flag ( Value defaults to F).
PRES -Value
is the pressure capping flag (Value defaults to F).
UMIN -Value
is the minimum value of U velocity allowed ( Value defaults to -1.E20).
UMAX -Value
is the maximum value of U velocity allowed ( Value defaults to +1.E20).
VMIN -Value
is the minimum value of V velocity allowed ( Value defaults to -1.E20).
VMAX -Value
is the maximum value of V velocity allowed ( Value defaults to +1.E20).
WMIN -Value
is the minimum value of W velocity allowed ( Value defaults to -1.E20).
WMAX -Value
is the maximum value of W velocity allowed ( Value defaults to +1.E20).
TMIN -Value
is the minimum value of temperature allowed ( Value defaults to 0.0).
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F Commands TMAX -Value
Page 111 of 155
is the maximum value of temperature allowed ( Value defaults to +1.E20).
PMIN -Value
is the minimum value of pressure allowed ( Value defaults to -1.E20).
PMAX -Value Value
is the maximum value of pressure allowed (Value defaults to +1.E20).
Capping flag (T or F) or capping parameter value.
Notes
These parameters are used to limit arbitrarily the values of the dependent variables. Capping helps prevent divergence in the early stages of analyses. Be careful when using caps to ensure that they have no impact on the final answers. You should remove capping as convergence is approached. To use capping, you must first set the flag to T and then set the maximum and minimum caps. The pressure value calculated by the solution of the pressure equation is capped, not the relaxed value. Therefore, if you introduce pressure capping upon restarting an analysis, pressure values may still be outside the caps. Capping applies to relative values of pressure and absolute values of temperature.
Menu Paths
Main Menu>Preprocessor>FLOTRAN Set Up>Relax/Stab/Cap>Results Capping Main Menu>Solution>FLOTRAN Set Up>Relax/Stab/Cap>Results Capping
Next FLDATA32 Next
FLDATA32
Name
FLDATA32, REST, Label, Value, Value2, Fname, Ext, Dir Controls restart options. group: PREP7:FLOTRAN Miscellaneous
20.05.2004
F Commands product: MP FL PP ED
Page 112 of 155
REST
Enter the word REST in this field. FLDATA32,REST is the FLDATA command with its first argument set to REST. It can be entered into the program as either FLDATA32,REST,Label,Value,Value2 or FLDATA,REST,Label,Value,Value2 where Label, Value, and Value2 are as described below. See the FLDATA command for other FLOTRAN CFD input choices.
Label
Restart option (dictates the meaning of Value and Value2): NSET -Identifies the restart point by results set number. Value is the results set number in the results file (Jobname.RFL) from which the analysis will be restarted. Value = 0 or blank indicates that the restart will be from the last results set. Value will be reset to zero if the label ITER, LSTP, or TIME is subsequently set. Value2 is not used. ITER -Identifies the restart point by cumulative iteration number. Value is the cumulative iteration number in the results file ( Jobname.RFL) from which the analysis will be restarted. If there are no results stored for this cumulative iteration, the results set with the next lowest cumulative iteration number will be used. Value = 0 or blank indicates that the restart will be from the last results set. Value will be reset to zero if the label NSET, LSTP, or TIME is subsequently set. Value2 is not used. LSTP -Identifies the restart point by load step and substep numbers. Value and Value2 are the load step number and substep number in the results file ( Jobname.RFL) from which the analysis will be restarted. Value = 0 or blank indicates that the restart will be from the last results set. Value and Value2 will be reset to zero if the label ITER, NSET, or TIME is subsequently set. TIME -Identifies the restart point by transient time. Value is the time point in the results file (Jobname.RFL) from which the analysis will be restarted. If there are no results stored for this time point, the results set with the next lowest time point will be used. Value = 0 or blank indicates that the restart will be from the last results set. Value will be reset to zero if the label NSET, LSTP, or ITER is subsequently set. Value2 is not used. RFIL -Specifies whether the CFD data structure restart file ( Jobname.CFD) is to be read for the restart. Useful for large models where the creation of the data structures may take a long
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time. Value may be T (true) or F (false) and defaults to F. If the Jobname.CFD file does not exist, it will be created (if RFIL is set to true). Setting RFIL to true will toggle WFIL to false, and setting WFIL to true will toggle RFIL to false. WFIL -Specifies whether the CFD data structure restart file ( Jobname.CFD) is to be written. Useful for overwriting an existing restart file when changes in the model or boundary conditions have occurred. Value may be T (true) or F (false) and defaults to F. Setting WFIL to true will toggle RFIL to false, and setting RFIL to true will toggle WFIL to false. OVER -Specifies whether to overwrite the set of results from which the restart occurs. Value may be -1, 0, or 1 (defaults to 0).If Value is -1, the previous set of results are overwritten. If Value is 1, the previous set of results is saved. If Value is 0 (default), the previous results are saved only if the results were written as a saved (converged) set of results. When this flag is used to change the status of the previous set of results, ANSYS sets it to 0 so that future sets of results are not affected. CLEAR -Specifies whether to eliminate from the results file ( Jobname.RFL) all results sets stored before and after the set used for the restart. Value may be T (true) or F (false) and defaults to F. The restart set is the last set or the set specified with another FLDATA32,REST command. Use a positive value of NSET, ITER, LSTP, or TIME to create a backup of the results file and use a negative value of NSET, ITER, LSTP or TIME if you do not desire a backup of the results file (see Notes below).
Value, Value2
Restart point or restart file flag (T or F) as described above.

Fname
File name of a results file to be used for the restart (32 characters maximum). The file name defaults to Jobname. This field is valid only with Label=NSET, ITER, LSTP, or TIME.
Ext
Filename extension (8 character maximum). The extension defaults to RFL, and is valid only with Label=NSET, ITER, LSTP, or TIME.
Dir
Directory name (64 characters maximum). Defaults to current directory. This field is valid only with Label=NSET, ITER, LSTP, or TIME.
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Notes
If both RFIL and WFIL are set to true through the GUI, the state of WFIL will prevail and a new Jobname.CFD file will be written. If the value of NSET, ITER, LSTP, or TIME is positive, the original results file ( Jobname.RFL) is moved to Jobname.RFO, and a new Jobname.RFL is created containing all the results sets stored prior to the restart point as well as new results. If the value is negative, the Jobname.RFL file will contain the prior results and the new results but the old file will be destroyed. This latter option is used if the results sets currently stored beyond the desired restart point are not worth saving. If restarting from an existing file other than Jobname.RFL, no backup file ( Jobname.RFO) is created because the existing file is not affected.
Menu Paths
Main Menu>Preprocessor>FLOTRAN Set Up>Restart Options>CFD Restart File Main Menu>Preprocessor>FLOTRAN Set Up>Restart Options>Restart/Clear Main Menu>Preprocessor>FLOTRAN Set Up>Restart Options>Restart/Iteration Main Menu>Preprocessor>FLOTRAN Set Up>Restart Options>Restart/Load step Main Menu>Preprocessor>FLOTRAN Set Up>Restart Options>Restart/Set Main Menu>Preprocessor>FLOTRAN Set Up>Restart Options>Restart/Time Main Menu>Preprocessor>FLOTRAN Set Up>Restart Options>Tag set status Main Menu>Solution>FLOTRAN Set Up>Restart Options>CFD Restart File Main Menu>Solution>FLOTRAN Set Up>Restart Options>Restart/Clear Main Menu>Solution>FLOTRAN Set Up>Restart Options>Restart/Iteration Main Menu>Solution>FLOTRAN Set Up>Restart Options>Restart/Load step Main Menu>Solution>FLOTRAN Set Up>Restart Options>Restart/Set Main Menu>Solution>FLOTRAN Set Up>Restart Options>Restart/Time Main Menu>Solution>FLOTRAN Set Up>Restart Options>Tag set status
Next FLDATA33 Next
FLDATA33
Name
FLDATA33, ADVM, Label, Value Specifies the approach to discretize the advection term. group: PREP7:FLOTRAN Miscellaneous product: MP FL PP ED
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ADVM
Enter the word ADVM in this field. FLDATA33,ADVM is the FLDATA command with its first argument set to ADVM. It can be entered into the program as either FLDATA33,ADVM, Label,Value or FLDATA,ADVM, Label,Value where Label and Value are as described below. See the FLDATA command for other FLOTRAN CFD input choices.
Label
Specifies the transport equation. MOME -Momentum equations. TURB -Turbulence equations. PRES -Compressible pressure equation. TEMP -Energy equation.
Value
Choice of approach to discretize the advection term: MSU -Monotone Streamline Upwind approach (default for PRES). SUPG -Streamline Upwind / Petrov-Galerkin approach (default for MOME, TURB, and TEMP). COLG -Collocated Galerkin (COLG) approach.
Notes
See Using SUPG in the ANSYS CFD Flotran Analysis Guide for more information on the SUPG approach. See the ANSYS, Inc. Theory Reference for more information on the advection term.
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Menu Paths
Main Menu>Preprocessor>FLOTRAN Set Up>Advection Main Menu>Solution>FLOTRAN Set Up>Advection
Next FLDATA34 Next
FLDATA34
Name
FLDATA34, MIR, Label, Value Sets modified inertial relaxation factors. group: PREP7:FLOTRAN Stability product: MP FL PP ED
MIR
Enter the word MIR in this field. FLDATA34,MIR is the FLDATA command with its first argument set to MIR. It can be entered into the program as either FLDATA34,MIR, Label,Value or FLDATA,MIR,Label,Value where Label and Value are as described below. See the FLDATA command for other FLOTRAN CFD input choices.
Label
Modified relaxation factor labels: MOME Momentum modified inertial relaxation. TURB Turbulence modified inertial relaxation. TEMP Energy modified inertial relaxation.
Value
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Modified inertial relaxation factor. Value defaults to 0 (modified inertial relaxation off).
Notes
Value Value
must be a positive real number. A Value between 0.1 and 1.0 is recommended. A larger provides a more robust scheme, but it may yield a slower convergence.
Menu Paths
Main Menu>Preprocessor>FLOTRAN Set Up>Relax/Stab/Cap>MIR Stabilization Main Menu>Solution>FLOTRAN Set Up>Relax/Stab/Cap>MIR Stabilization
Next FLDATA35 Next
FLDATA35
Name
FLDATA35, VFTOL, Label, Value Specifies tolerances for the lower and upper bound of the volume fraction. group: PREP7:FLOTRAN Miscellaneous product: MP FL PP ED
VFTOL
Enter the word VFTOL in this field. FLDATA35,VFTOL is the FLDATA command with its first argument set to VFTOL. It can be entered into the program as either FLDATA35,VFTOL, Label,Value or FLDATA,VFTOL,Label,Value where Label and Value are as described below. See the FLDATA command for other FLOTRAN CFD input choices.
Label
Tolerance choices: VOFL -Lower bound tolerance in the VOF advection algorithm (Value defaults to 1.0e-6). VOFU -file://D:\Documents%20and%20Settings\Administrator\Local%20Settings\Temp\~hh... 20.05.2004
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Upper bound tolerance in the VOF advection algorithm (Value defaults to 1.0e-6). LAML -Lower bound tolerance in the solver for laminar flows (Value defaults to 1.0e-2). LAMU -Upper bound tolerance in the solver for laminar flows (Value defaults to 1.0e-2). TRBL -Lower bound tolerance in the solver for turbulent flows (Value defaults to 1.0e-1). TRBU -Upper bound tolerance in the solver for turbulent flows (Value defaults to 1.0e-1).
Value
Tolerance value for Label above.
Notes
Volume fractions less than the lower bound tolerance are treated as 0. Volume fractions greater than 1 minus the upper bound tolerance are treated as 1.
Menu Paths
Main Menu>Preprocessor>FLOTRAN Set Up>VOF Environment>VFRC Tolerance Main Menu>Solution>FLOTRAN Set Up>VOF Environment>VFRC Tolerance
Next FLDATA36 Next
FLDATA36
Name
FLDATA36, AMBV, Label, Value Specifies ambient reference values outside of the fluid for the volume of fluid (VOF) method. group: PREP7:FLOTRAN Miscellaneous product: MP FL PP ED
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AMBV
Enter the word AMBV in this field. FLDATA36,AMBV is the FLDATA command with its first argument set to AMBV. It can be entered into the program as either FLDATA36,AMBV,Label,Value or FLDATA,AMBV,Label,Value where Label and Value are as described below. See the FLDATA command for other FLOTRAN CFD input choices.
Label
Ambient Reference for which value is being specified: VX -U velocity. VY -V velocity. VZ -W velocity. TEMP -Temperature. ENKE -Turbulent Kinetic Energy. ENDS -Turbulent Dissipation Rate.
Value
Value for the ambient reference as described above.
Notes
PRES is used as a boundary condition at the free surface and for plotting purposes. VX, VY, VZ, TEMP, ENKE and ENDS are only used for plotting purposes.
Menu Paths
Main Menu>Preprocessor>FLOTRAN Set Up>VOF Environment>Ambient Condit'n Main Menu>Solution>FLOTRAN Set Up>VOF Environment>Ambient Condit'n
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Next FLDATA37 Next
FLDATA37
Name
FLDATA37, ALGR, SEGR, Value Specifies the segregated solution algorithm. group: PREP7:FLOTRAN Options product: MP FL PP ED
ALGR
Enter the word ALGR in this field. FLDATA37,ALGR is the FLDATA command with its first argument set to ALGR. It can be entered into the program as either FLDATA37,ALGR, Label,Value or FLDATA,ALGR,Label,Value where Label and Value are as described below. See the FLDATA command for other FLOTRAN CFD input choices.
Label
Algorithm type: SEGR -Segregated

Value
Algorithm choice: SIMPLEF -Original segregated algorithm (default) SIMPLEN -Enhanced segregated algorithm
Notes
Settings automatically changed when SIMPLEN is chosen are not automatically reset if SIMPLEF is reselected. See Coupling Algorithms in the ANSYS CFD Flotran Analysis Guide for the settings. file://D:\Documents%20and%20Settings\Administrator\Local%20Settings\Temp\~hh... 20.05.2004
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Menu Paths
Main Menu>Preprocessor>FLOTRAN Set Up>Algorithm Control Main Menu>Solution>FLOTRAN Set Up>Algorithm Control
Prev FLDATA36 Prev FLIST F Commands
Next FLIST Next
FLIST
Name
FLIST, NODE1, NODE2, NINC Lists force loads on the nodes. group: SOLUTION:FE Forces product: MP ME ST PR EM PP ED
NODE1, NODE2, NINC
List forces for nodes NODE1 to NODE2 (defaults to NODE1) in steps of NINC (defaults to 1). If ALL, list for all selected nodes [NSEL] and NODE2 and NINC are ignored (default). If NODE1 = P, graphical picking is enabled and all remaining command fields are ignored (valid only in the GUI). A component name may also be substituted for NODE1.
Notes
Listing applies to the selected nodes [NSEL] and the selected force labels [DOFSEL]. Caution: A list containing a node number that is larger than the maximum defined node ( NODE2), could deplete the system memory and produce unpredictable results. This command is valid in any processor.
Menu Paths
Utility Menu>List>Loads>Forces>On All Nodes Utility Menu>List>Loads>Forces>On Picked Nodes
Prev
Next
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F Commands FLDATA37 Prev FLLIST F Commands
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FLLIST
Name
FLLIST, NLOC1, NLOC2, NINC Lists the fatigue location parameters. group: POST1:Fatigue product: MP ME ST DY PR PP ED
NLOC1, NLOC2, NINC
List location parameters from NLOC1 (defaults to 1) to NLOC2 (defaults to NLOC1) in steps of NINC (defaults to 1). If NLOC1 = ALL, NLOC2 and NINC are ignored and all locations are listed.
Menu Paths
Main Menu>General Postproc>Fatigue>List Stress Loc
Prev FLIST Prev FLOCHECK F Commands
Next FLOCHECK Next
FLOCHECK
Name
FLOCHECK, Key Sets up and runs a zero-iteration FLOTRAN analysis. group: SOLUTION:FLOTRAN Checkout product: MP FL PP ED
Key
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Determines whether the FLOTRAN analysis is initialized and whether boundary condition status now becomes old. 0 -(Default) Initialization is not performed. 1 -Initialization is performed 2 -No initialization performed, boundary condition status now becomes old.
Notes
The FLOCHECK command will provide a results summary for the Zeroth iteration ( KEY = 1) or the current iteration ( KEY = 0). The results summary provides max/min/average values for each property and DOF. Also, mass flow boundaries are identified and all thermal energy transfer information is summarized. All input information is summarized in the Jobname.PFL file (i.e., print file). If you are running the ANSYS program from the GUI, the FLOTRAN print file is echoed to the output window. The FLOCHECK command aids verification of boundary condition and property specification. Initialization [FLOCHECK,1] deletes any existing Jobname.PFL and Jobname.RFL files. Run FLOCHECK initialization only when you are sure you no longer need the existing results files. The FLOCHECK,2 command changes boundary conditions to the old state. It has no effect on the Jobname.RFL file. For information on changing fluid boundary conditions, see Applying Transient Boundary Conditions in ANSYS CFD Flotran Analysis Guide.
Menu Paths
Main Menu>Preprocessor>FLOTRAN Set Up>Flocheck Main Menu>Solution>FLOTRAN Set Up>Flocheck
Prev FLLIST Prev FLOTRAN F Commands
Next FLOTRAN Next
FLOTRAN
Name
FLOTRAN Specifies "FLOTRAN data settings" as the subsequent status topic.
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F Commands group: PREP7:Status product: MP ME ST DY PR EM FL PP ED
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Notes
Menu Paths
Utility Menu>List>Status>General Postproc>FLOTRAN Module
Prev FLOCHECK Prev FLREAD F Commands
Next FLREAD Next
FLREAD
Name
FLREAD, Fname, Ext, Dir Reads the residual file written by the FLOTRAN CFD option. group: POST1:FLOTRAN Processing product: MP FL PP ED
Fname
Ext
Filename extension (8 character maximum). The extension defaults to RDF (residual file) if Fname is blank.
Dir
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F Commands Directory name (64 characters maximum). Defaults to current directory.
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Menu Paths
Main Menu>General Postproc>FLOTRAN 2.1A
Prev FLOTRAN Prev FLST F Commands
Next FLST Next
FLST
Name
FLST, NFIELD, NARG, TYPE, Otype, LENG Specifies data required for a picking operation (GUI). group: DATABASE:Picking product: MP ME ST DY PR EM FL PP ED
NFIELD
Field number on the command which uses the picking data. (Count the command name as a field, so that a 2 indicates the first command argument, 3 for the second command argument, etc.) The corresponding field on the command will have a P51X label.
NARG
Number of items in the picked list.

TYPE
Type of items picked: 1 -Node numbers 2 -Element numbers 3 -Keypoint numbers
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F Commands 4 -Line numbers 5 -Area numbers 6 -Volume numbers 7 -Trace points 8 -Coordinate locations (in Global Cartesian coordinates) 9 -Screen picks (in X,Y screen coordinates (-1 to 1))
Otype
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Data order: NOOR -Data is not ordered (default). ORDER -Data is in an ordered list (such as for the E,P51X and A,P51X commands, in which the order of the data items is significant for the picking operation).
LENG
Length of number of items describing the list (should equal NARG if Otype = NOOR; default).
Notes
Specifies data required for the FITEM command during a picking operation. This is a command generated by the GUI and will appear in the log file ( Jobname.LOG) if graphical picking is used. This command is not intended to be typed in directly in an ANSYS session (although it can be included in an input file for batch input or for use with the /INPUT command). On the log file, FLST will always be followed by one or more FITEM commands which in turn are followed by the ANSYS command that contains a P51X label in one of its fields. This set of commands should not be edited. This command is valid in any processor.
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Menu Paths
Prev FLREAD Prev FLUXV F Commands
Next FLUXV Next
FLUXV
Name
FLUXV Calculates the flux passing through a closed contour. group: POST1:Magnetics Calculations product: MP ME ST EM PP ED
Notes
FLUXV invokes an ANSYS macro which calculates the flux passing through a closed contour (path) predefined by PATH. The calculated flux is stored in the parameter FLUX. In a two-dimensional analysis, at least two nodes must be defined on the path. In three dimensions, a path of nodes describing a closed contour must be specified (i.e., the first and last node in the path specification must be the same). A counter-clockwise ordering of nodes on the PPATH command will give the correct sign on flux. Path operations are used for the calculations, and all path items are cleared upon completion. This macro is only available for vector potential formulations.
Menu Paths
Main Menu>General Postproc>Elec&Mag Calc>Path Flux
Prev FLST Prev FMAGBC F Commands
Next FMAGBC Next
FMAGBC
Name
FMAGBC, Cnam1, Cnam2, Cnam3, Cnam4, Cnam5, Cnam6, Cnam7, Cnam8, Cnam9 Applies force and
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F Commands torque boundary conditions to an element component. group: SOLUTION:Misc Loads product: MP ME ST EM PP ED
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Cnam1, Cnam2, Cnam3, Cnam4, Cnam5, Cnam6, Cnam7, Cnam8, Cnam9
Names of existing element components (CM command). Must be enclosed in single quotes (e.g., `Cnam1') when the command is manually typed in.
Notes
FMAGBC invokes a predefined ANSYS macro to apply Maxwell and virtual work force and torque boundary conditions to an element component. These boundary conditions are used for subsequent force and torque calculations during solution. Magnetic virtual displacements (MVDI = 1) are applied to nodes of elements in the components, and Maxwell surface flags (MXWF) are applied to air elements adjoining the element components. Incorrect force and torque calculations will occur for components sharing adjacent air elements. Companion macros FMAGSUM and TORQSUM can be used in POST1 to summarize the force and torque calculations, respectively. Torque calculations are valid for 2-D planar analysis only. For 2-D harmonic analysis, force and torque represent timeaverage values.
Menu Paths
Main Menu>Preprocessor>Loads>Apply>Flag>Comp. Force Main Menu>Preprocessor>Loads>Apply>Flag>Comp. Force/Torque Main Menu>Solution>Apply>Flag>Comp. Force Main Menu>Solution>Apply>Flag>Comp. Force/Torque
Prev FLUXV Prev FMAGSUM F Commands
Next FMAGSUM Next
FMAGSUM
Name
FMAGSUM, Cnam1, Cnam2, Cnam3 , Cnam4, Cnam5, Cnam6, Cnam7, Cnam8, Cnam9 Summarizes electromagnetic force calculations on element components. group: POST1:Magnetics Calculations product: MP ME ST EM PP ED file://D:\Documents%20and%20Settings\Administrator\Local%20Settings\Temp\~hh... 20.05.2004
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Names of existing element components for which Maxwell or virtual work boundary conditions were applied in the preprocessor. Must be enclosed in single quotes (e.g., `Cnam1') when the command is manually typed in.
Notes
FMAGSUM invokes an ANSYS macro that summarizes the Maxwell and virtual work forces. The element components must have had appropriate Maxwell or virtual work boundary conditions established in the preprocessor prior to solution in order to retrieve forces (see FMAGBC, SF, BF commands). The forces are also stored on a per-element basis for the adjacent air layer surrounding the components in the element table [ETABLE]. Maxwell forces are stored as items FMX_X, FMX_Y, and FMX_Z, and virtual work forces are stored as items FVW_X, FVW_Y, and FVW_Z. Use the PLETAB and PRETAB commands to plot and list the element table items. FMAGSUM can also be used to summarize time-average forces from a 2-D harmonic analysis.
Menu Paths
Main Menu>General Postproc>Elec&Mag Calc>Force
Prev FMAGBC Prev /FOCUS F Commands
Next /FOCUS Next
/FOCUS
Name
/FOCUS , WN, XF, YF, ZF, KTRANS Specifies the focus point (center of the window). group: GRAPHICS:Views product: MP ME ST DY PR EM FL PP ED
WN

XF, YF, ZF
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Location of the object to be at the focus point (center of the window) in the global Cartesian coordinate system. If XF = AUTO, allow automatic location calculation. If XF = USER, use focus location of last display (useful when last display had auto focus).
KTRANS
Translate key: 0 -Interpret numerical XF, YF, ZF values as described above. 1 -Interpret XF, YF, ZF values as multiples of half-screens to translate from the current position in the screen coordinate system. Example: XF of 2.4 translates the display approximately 2.4 half-screens to the left in the screen X (horizontal) direction. 2 -Interpret XF, YF, ZF values as multiples of half-screens to translate from the current position in the global Cartesian coordinate system. Example: XF of 1.5 translates the display approximately 1.5 half-screens in the global Cartesian X direction of the model.
Command Default
Focus location is automatically calculated to be at the geometric center of the object (modified for centering within the window, depending upon the view).
Notes
Specifies the location on (or off) the model which is to be located at the focus point (center of the window). For section and capped displays, the cutting plane is also assumed to pass through this location (unless the working plane is used via /CPLANE). See also /AUTO and /USER commands. This command is valid in any processor.
Menu Paths
Utility Menu>PlotCtrls>Pan, Zoom, Rotate Utility Menu>PlotCtrls>View Settings>Focus Point
Prev FMAGSUM Prev FOR2D F Commands
Next FOR2D Next
FOR2D
F Commands
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Name
FOR2D Calculates magnetic forces on a body. group: POST1:Magnetics Calculations product: MP ME ST EM PP ED
Notes
FOR2D invokes an ANSYS macro which calculates magnetic forces on a body that is completely surrounded by air (symmetry permitted). The calculated forces are stored in the parameters FX and FY. In interactive mode, a node plot is produced with the integration path highlighted. A predefined closed path [PATH], passing through the air elements surrounding the body, must be available for this calculation. A counter-clockwise ordering of nodes on the PPATH command will give the correct sign on the forces. Forces are calculated using a Maxwell stress tensor approach. The macro is valid for two-dimensional planar or axisymmetric analysis. Path operations are used for the calculations, and all path items are cleared upon completion.
Menu Paths
Main Menu>General Postproc>Elec&Mag Calc>Mag Forces
Prev /FOCUS Prev FORCE F Commands
Next FORCE Next
FORCE
Name
FORCE, Lab Selects the element nodal force type for output. group: POST1:Controls POST26:Controls product: MP ME ST PR EM PP ED
Lab
Type of force to be associated with the force items: TOTAL -Total forces (static, damping, and inertia).
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F Commands STATIC -Static forces. DAMP -Damping forces. INERT -Inertia forces.
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Command Default
Use the total forces.
Notes
FORCE selects the element nodal force type for output with the POST1 PRESOL, PLESOL, PRRFOR, NFORCE, FSUM, etc. commands, the POST26 ESOL command, and reaction force plotting [/PBC ]. For example, FORCE,STATIC causes item F of the PRESOL command to be the static forces for the elements processed. Element member forces (such as those available for beams and shells, which are processed by Item and Sequence number) are not affected by this command. Damping and inertia forces are only available for full transient and harmonic analyses. The PRRSOL command is not valid with FORCE. Use the PRRFOR command, which provides the same functionality as PRRSOL, instead. In POST26, the ESOL data stored is based on the active FORCE specification at the time the data is stored. To store data at various specifications (for example, static and intertia forces), issue a STORE command before each new specification.
Menu Paths
Main Menu>General Postproc>Options for Outp Main Menu>TimeHist Postpro>Define Variables Main Menu>TimeHist Postpro>Elec&Mag>Circuit>Define Variables Utility Menu>List>Results>Options
Prev FOR2D Prev FORM F Commands
Next FORM Next
FORM
Name
F Commands FORM, Lab Specifies the format of the file dump. group: AUX2:Binary Files product: MP ME ST DY PR EM FL PP ED
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Lab
Format: RECO -Basic record description only (minimum output) (default). TEN -Same as RECO plus the first ten words of each record. LONG -Same as RECO plus all words of each record.
Command Default
Basic record description (RECO).
Notes
Specifies the format of the file dump (from the DUMP command).
Menu Paths
Prev FORCE Prev /FORMAT F Commands
Next /FORMAT Next
/FORMAT
Name
/FORMAT , NDIGIT, Ftype, NWIDTH, DSIGNF, LINE, CHAR Specifies format controls for tables.
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F Commands group: POST1:Listing product: MP ME ST DY PR EM FL PP ED
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NDIGIT
Number of digits (3 to 32) in first table column (usually the node or element number). Initially defaults to 7.
Ftype
FORTRAN format types (initially defaults to G): G -Gxx.yy. xx and yy are described below. F -Fxx.yy E -Exx.yy
NWIDTH
Total width (9 to 32) of the field (the xx in Ftype). Initially defaults to 12.
DSIGNF
Number of digits after the decimal point ( yy in F or E format) or number of significant digits in G format. Range is 2 to xx-7 for Ftype = G or E; and 0 to xx-4 for Ftype = F. Initially defaults to 5.
LINE
Number of lines (11 minimum) per page. Defaults to ILINE or BLINE from the /PAGE command.
CHAR
Number of characters (41 to 240, system-dependent) per line before wrap-around. Defaults to ICHAR or BCHAR from the /PAGE command.
Command Default
Program determines format for the data.
Notes
F Commands
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Specifies various format controls for tables printed with the POST1 PRNSOL, PRESOL, PRETAB, PRRSOL, and PRPATH commands. A blank (or out-of-range) field on the command retains the current setting. Issue /FORMAT ,STAT to display the current settings. Issue /FORMAT,DEFA to reestablish the initial default specifications. This command is valid in any processor.
Menu Paths
Prev FORM Prev FP F Commands
Next FP Next
FP
Name
FP, STITM, C1, C2, C3, C4, C5, C6 Defines the fatigue S vs. N and Sm vs. T tables. group: POST1:Fatigue product: MP ME ST DY PR PP ED
STITM
Starting item number for entering properties (defaults to 1). If 1, data input in field C1 of this command is entered as the first item in the list; if 7, data input in field C1 of this command is entered as the seventh item in the list; etc. If the item number is negative, C1- C6 are ignored and the item is deleted. If -ALL, the table is erased. Items are as follows (items 41-62 are required only if simplified elastic-plastic code calculations are to be performed): 1,2, ...20: -N1,N2, ...N20 21,22, ...40: -S1,S2, ...S20 41,42, ...50: -T1,T2, ...T10 51,52, ...60: -file://D:\Documents%20and%20Settings\Administrator\Local%20Settings\Temp\~hh... 20.05.2004
F Commands Sm1,Sm2, ...Sm10 61: -M (first elastic-plastic material parameter) 62: -N (second elastic-plastic material parameter)
C1, C2, C3, C4, C5, C6
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Data inserted into six locations starting with STITM. If a value is already in one of these locations, it will be redefined. A blank retains the previous value.
Notes
Defines the fatigue alternating stress (S) vs. cycles (N) table and the design stress-intensity value (Sm) vs. temperature (T) table. May also be used to modify any previously stored property tables. Log-log interpolation is used in the S vs. N table and linear interpolation is used in the Sm vs. T table. Cycles and temperatures must be input in ascending order; S and Sm values in descending order. Table values must be supplied in pairs, i.e., every N entry must have a corresponding S entry, etc. Not all property pairs per curve need be used. If no S vs. N table is defined, the fatigue evaluation will not produce usage factor results. See the ANSYS Structural Analysis Guide for details.
Menu Paths
Main Menu>General Postproc>Fatigue>Elas-plas Par Main Menu>General Postproc>Fatigue>S-N Table Main Menu>General Postproc>Fatigue>Sm_T Table Main Menu>General Postproc>Fatigue>Erase Tables
Prev /FORMAT Prev FPLIST F Commands
Next FPLIST Next
FPLIST
Name
FPLIST Lists the property table stored for fatigue evaluation. group: POST1:Fatigue product: MP ME ST DY PR PP ED
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F Commands
Page 137 of 155
Menu Paths
Main Menu>General Postproc>Fatigue>List Tables
Prev FP Prev FREQ F Commands
Next FREQ Next
FREQ
Name
FREQ, FREQ1, FREQ2, FREQ3, FREQ4, FREQ5, FREQ6, FREQ7, FREQ8, FREQ9 Defines the frequency points for the SV vs. FREQ tables. group: SOLUTION:Spectrum Options product: MP ME ST PR PP ED
FREQ1, FREQ2, FREQ3, FREQ4, FREQ5, FREQ6, FREQ7, FREQ8, FREQ9
Frequency points for SV vs. FREQ tables. Values must be in ascending order. Log-log interpolation will be used between frequency points. FREQ1 should be greater than zero. Units are cycles/time.
Command Default
No frequency table.
Notes
Repeat FREQ command for additional frequency points (20 maximum). Values are added after the last nonzero frequency. If all fields ( FREQ1 -- FREQ9) are blank, erase SV vs. FREQ tables. Frequencies must be in ascending order. Use STAT command to list current frequency points. Spectral values are input with the SV command and interpreted according to the SVTYP command. Applies only to the SPRS (single-point) option of the SPOPT command. See the PSDFRQ command for frequency input with the MPRS (multi-point) option. This command is also valid in PREP7.
Menu Paths
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F Commands Main Menu>Preprocessor>Loads>Spectrum>Erase Table Main Menu>Preprocessor>Loads>Spectrum>Freq Table Main Menu>Solution>Spectrum>Erase Table Main Menu>Solution>Spectrum>Freq Table
Page 138 of 155
Prev FPLIST Prev FS F Commands
Next FS Next
FS
Name
FS, NODE, NEV, NLOD, STITM, C1, C2, C3, C4, C5, C6 Stores fatigue stress components at a node. group: POST1:Fatigue product: MP ME ST DY PR PP ED
NODE
Node number corresponding to this location. Used only to associate a node with a new location or to find an existing location.
NEV
Event number to be associated with these stresses (defaults to 1).

NLOD
Loading number to be associated with these stresses (defaults to 1).

STITM
Starting item number for entering stresses (defaults to 1). If 1, data input in field C1 of this command is entered as the first item in the list; if 7, data input in field C1 of this command is entered as the seventh item in the list; etc. Items are as follows: 1-6: -SX,SY,SZ,SXY,SYZ,SXZ total stress components 7: -Temperature
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F Commands 8-13: -SX,SY,SZ,SXY,SYZ,SXZ membrane-plus-bending stress components.

C1, C2, C3, C4, C5, C6
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Stresses assigned to six locations starting with STITM. If a value is already in one of these locations, it will be redefined. A blank retains the previous value (except in the C1 field, which resets the STITM item to zero).
Notes
Stores fatigue stress components at a node as input on this command instead of from the current data in the database. Stresses are stored according to the event number and loading number specified. The location is associated with that previously defined for this node [FL] or else it is automatically defined. May also be used to modify any previously stored stress components. Stresses input with this command should be consistent with the global coordinate system for any FSNODE or FSSECT stresses used at the same location.
Menu Paths
Main Menu>General Postproc>Fatigue>Specified Val
Prev FREQ Prev FSCALE F Commands
Next FSCALE Next
FSCALE
Name
FSCALE, RFACT, IFACT Scales force load values in the database. group: SOLUTION:FE Forces product: MP ME ST PR EM PP ED
RFACT
IFACT
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F Commands
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Notes
Scales force load (force, heat flow, etc.) values in the database. Scaling applies to the previously defined values for the selected nodes [NSEL] and the selected force labels [DOFSEL]. Issue FLIST command to review results. Solid model boundary conditions are not scaled by this command, but boundary conditions on the FE model are scaled.
Note
Such scaled FE boundary conditions may still be overwritten by unscaled solid model boundary conditions if a subsequent boundary condition transfer occurs. FSCALE does not work for tabular boundary conditions. This command is also valid in PREP7.
Menu Paths
Main Menu>Preprocessor>Loads>Operate>Forces Main Menu>Solution>Operate>Forces
Prev FS Prev FSDELE F Commands
Next FSDELE Next
FSDELE
Name
FSDELE, NLOC, NEV, NLOD Deletes a stress condition for a fatigue location, event, and loading. group: POST1:Fatigue product: MP ME ST DY PR PP ED
NLOC
Delete stresses associated with location NLOC. Defaults to zero.

NEV
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F Commands Delete stresses associated with event NEV. Defaults to zero.

NLOD
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Delete stresses associated with loading NLOD. Defaults to zero.
Notes
Deletes a stress condition stored for a particular fatigue location, event, and loading. Use FE command to delete all stresses for a particular event or FL command to delete all stresses for a particular location.
Menu Paths
Main Menu>General Postproc>Fatigue>Dele Stresses
Prev FSCALE Prev FSLIST F Commands
Next FSLIST Next
FSLIST
Name
FSLIST, NLOC1, NLOC2, NINC, NEV, NLOD Lists the stresses stored for fatigue evaluation. group: POST1:Fatigue product: MP ME ST DY PR PP ED
NLOC1, NLOC2, NINC
List stresses from NLOC1 (defaults to 1) to NLOC2 (defaults to NLOC1) in steps of NINC (defaults to 1). If NLOC1 = ALL, NLOC2 and NINC are ignored and stresses for all locations are listed.
NEV
Event number for stress listing (defaults to ALL).

NLOD
Loading number for stress listing (defaults to ALL).
Notes
F Commands
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Stresses may be listed per location, per event, per loading, or per stress condition. Use FELIST and FLLIST if only event and location parameters (no stresses) are to be listed.
Menu Paths
Main Menu>General Postproc>Fatigue>List Stresses
Prev FSDELE Prev FSNODE F Commands
Next FSNODE Next
FSNODE
Name
FSNODE, NODE, NEV, NLOD Calculates and stores the stress components at a node for fatigue. group: POST1:Fatigue product: MP ME ST DY PR PP ED
NODE
Node number for which stress components are stored.

NEV

NLOD
Notes
Calculates and stores the total stress components at a specified node for fatigue. Stresses are stored according to the event number and loading number specified. The location is associated with that previously defined for this node [FL] or else it is automatically defined. Stresses are stored as six total components (SX through SYZ). Temperature is also stored along with the total stress components. Calculations are made from the stresses currently in the database (last *SET or LCASE command). Stresses stored are in global Cartesian coordinates, regardless of the active results coordinate system [RSYS]. The FSLIST command may be used to list stresses. The FS command can be used to modify stored stresses.
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F Commands
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Menu Paths
Main Menu>General Postproc>Fatigue>From rst File
Prev FSLIST Prev FSPLOT F Commands
Next FSPLOT Next
FSPLOT
Name
FSPLOT, NLOC, NEV, ITEM Displays a fatigue stress item for a fatigue location and event. group: POST1:Fatigue product: MP ME ST DY PR PP ED
NLOC
Display stresses associated with location NLOC.

NEV
Display stresses associated with event NEV.

ITEM
Display stresses associated with item number ITEM. Items are as follows: 1-6 -SX,SY,SZ,SXY,SYZ,SXZ total stress components 7 -Temperature 8-13 -SX,SY,SZ,SXY,SYZ,SXZ membrane-plus-bending stress components.
Notes
Displays a fatigue stress item as a function of loading number for a particular fatigue location and
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F Commands event.
Page 144 of 155
Menu Paths
Main Menu>General Postproc>Fatigue>Plot Stresses
Prev FSNODE Prev FSSECT F Commands
Next FSSECT Next
FSSECT
Name
FSSECT, RHO, NEV, NLOD, KBR Calculates and stores total linearized stress components. group: POST1:Fatigue product: MP ME ST DY PR PP ED
RHO
In-plane (X-Y) average radius of curvature of the inside and outside surfaces of an axisymmetric section. If zero (or blank), a plane or 3-D structure is assumed. If nonzero, an axisymmetric structure is assumed. Use a suitably large number (see the ANSYS, Inc. Theory Reference) or use -1 for an axisymmetric straight section.
NEV

NLOD

KBR
For an axisymmetric analysis (RHOp0): 0 -Include the thickness-direction bending stresses 1 -Ignore the thickness-direction bending stresses file://D:\Documents%20and%20Settings\Administrator\Local%20Settings\Temp\~hh... 20.05.2004
F Commands
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Notes
Calculates and stores the total linearized stress components at the ends of a section path [PATH] (as defined by the first two nodes with the PPATH command). Stresses are stored according to the fatigue event number and loading number specified. Locations (one for each node) are associated with those previously defined for these nodes [FL] or else they are automatically defined. Stresses are separated into six total components (SX through SXZ) and six membrane-plus-bending (SX through SXZ) components. The temperature at each end point is also stored along with the total stress components. Calculations are made from the stresses currently in the database (last *SET or LCASE command). Stresses are stored as section coordinate components if axisymmetric or as global Cartesian coordinate components otherwise, regardless of the active results coordinate system [RSYS]. The FSLIST command may be used to list stresses. The FS command can be used to modify stored stresses. See also the PRSECT and PLSECT commands for similar calculations.
Menu Paths
Main Menu>General Postproc>Fatigue>At Cross Sect
Prev FSPLOT Prev FSSOLV F Commands
Next FSSOLV Next
FSSOLV
Name
FSSOLV, Fluitit, Strutit, DIMN, Mcomp, Xcomp,FORCTOL, MOMETOL, STRUTOL, MXLOOP, FLUITER, RUSEKY, RESTKY Performs a coupled steady-state fluid-structural analysis. group: SOLUTION:Analysis Options product: MP PP ED
Fluitit
Title of the fluid analysis physics file as assigned by the PHYSICS command.
Strutit
Title of the structural physics file as assigned by the PHYSICS command.

DIMN
Model dimensionality (a default is not allowed):
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F Commands 2 -2-D model. 3 -3-D model.

Mcomp
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Component name of the region to be morphed. For 2-D models, the component may be elements or areas. For 3-D models, the component may be elements or volumes. A component must be specified. You must enclose name-strings in single quotes in the FSSOLV command line.
Xcomp
Component name of entities excluded from morphing. In the 2-D case, it is the component name for the lines excluded from morphing. In the 3-D case, it is component name for the areas excluded from morphing. Defaults to exterior non-shared entities (see the DAMORPH, DVMORPH, and DEMORPH commands). You must enclose name-strings in single quotes in the FSSOLV command line.
FORCTOL
Fluid force convergence tolerance. Defaults to .005 (0.5%) of the value computed from the previous CFD run. If less than zero, the convergence criteria based on fluid analysis results is turned off.
MOMETOL
Fluid moment convergence tolerance. Defaults to .005 (0.5%) of the value computed from the previous CFD run. If less than zero, the convergence criteria based on fluid analysis results is turned off.
STRUTOL
Structural maximum displacement convergence tolerance. Defaults to .005 (.5%) of the value computed from the previous iteration. If less than zero, the convergence criteria base on structural results is turned off.
MXLOOP
Maximum number of allowable solution recursive loops. A single pass through both a fluid analysis and structural analysis constitutes one loop. Defaults to 100.
FLUITER
Number of global FLOTRAN iterations to be performed on the second and subsequent passes through FLOTRAN during the fluid-structure sequential solution. This option controls the FLDATA, ITER, EXEC command. The default value for FLUITER is taken from the value set in the fluid physics file.
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F Commands
RUSEKY
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Reuse flag option: <1 -Assumes inital run of FSSOLV using base geometry for the first fluid solution. >1 -Assumes FSSOLV run is a continuation of a previous ESSOLV run, whereby the morphed geometry is used for the initial fluid simulation.
RESTKY
Structural restart key. 0 -Use static solution option for structural solution. 1 -Use static restart solution option for structural solution.
Notes
FSSOLV invokes an ANSYS macro which automatically performs a coupled fluid-structural analysis. FORCTOL and MOMETOL represent the tolerance of the total fluid force and moment exerted on the structure. The moment is taken about the global origin. Force and moment are computed using the INTSRF command. The macro displays periodic updates of the convergence. Use RUSEKY>1 for solving multiple FSSOLV simulations for different excitation levels. Do not issue the SAVE command to save the database between FSSOLV calls. For nonlinear structural solutions, the structural restart option (RESTKY>0) may improve solution time by starting from the previous converged structural solution.
Menu Paths
Main Menu>Preprocessor>Physics>Fluid/struc Main Menu>Solution>Physics>Fluid/struc
Prev FSSECT Prev FSUM F Commands
Next FSUM Next
FSUM
F Commands
Page 148 of 155
Name
FSUM, LAB, ITEM Sums the nodal force and moment contributions of elements. group: POST1:Special Purpose product: MP ME ST PR EM PP ED
LAB
Coordinate system in which to perform summation. (blank) -Sum all nodal forces in global Cartesian coordnate system (default).
RSYS
-Sum all nodal forces in the currently active RSYS coordinate system.
ITEM
Selected set of nodes. (blank) -Sum all nodal forces for all selected nodes (default), excluding contact elements.
CONT
-Sum all nodal forces for contact nodes only.
Notes
Sums and prints, in each component direction for the total selected node set, the nodal force and moment contributions of the selected elements attached to the node set. Selecting a subset of nodes [NSEL] and then issuing this command will give the total force acting on that set of nodes (default), excluding surface-to-surface contact elements (elements 169-174). Setting ITEM=CONT sums the nodal forces and moment contributions of the selected contact elements (surface-to-surface only, CONTA171-174). Nodal forces associated with surface loads are not included. The effects of nodal coupling and constraint equations are ignored. Moment summations are about the global origin unless another point is specified with the SPOINT command. This vector sum is printed in the global Cartesian system unless it is transformed [RSYS] and a point is specified with the SPOINT command. By default, the sum is done in global Cartesian, and the resulting vector is transformed to the requested system. The LAB = RSYS option transforms each of the nodal forces into the active coordinate system before summing and printing. The FORCE command can be used to specify which component (static, damping, inertia, or total) of the nodal load is to be used. This command output is included in the NFORCE command.
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F Commands This command should not be used with axisymmetric elements.
Page 149 of 155
Using with the NLGEOM Command

If you have activated large deflection (via the NLGEOM,ON command), the FSUM command generates the following message:
Summations based on final geometry and will not agree with solution reactions.
The message warns that the moment reactions are incorrect. When computing moment reactions, the command assumes that the summation of rotations applies; however, it does not apply for large rotations, which require pseudovector representation to sum the rotations. In contrast, the results for force reactions will be correct because they depend upon linear displacement vectors (which can be added).
Menu Paths
Main Menu>General Postproc>Nodal Calcs>Total Force Sum
Prev FSSOLV Prev FTCALC F Commands
Next FTCALC Next
FTCALC
Name
FTCALC, NLOC, NODE Performs fatigue calculations for a particular node location. group: POST1:Fatigue product: MP ME ST DY PR PP ED
NLOC
Location number of stress conditions to be used for fatigue calculation.

NODE
Node number (used only for convenience if NLOC is not input).
Menu Paths
F Commands Main Menu>General Postproc>Fatigue>Calculate Fatig
Page 150 of 155
Prev FSUM Prev FTRAN F Commands
Next FTRAN Next
FTRAN
Name
FTRAN Transfers solid model forces to the finite element model. group: SOLUTION:Solid Forces product: MP ME ST PR EM PP ED
Notes
Forces are transferred only from selected keypoints to selected nodes. The FTRAN operation is also done if the SBCTRAN command is issued or automatically done upon initiation of the solution calculations [SOLVE]. This command is also valid in PREP7.
Menu Paths
Main Menu>Preprocessor>Loads>Operate>Forces Main Menu>Solution>Operate>Forces
Prev FTCALC Prev FTSIZE F Commands
Next FTSIZE Next
FTSIZE
Name
FTSIZE, MXLOC, MXEV, MXLOD Defines the fatigue data storage array. group: POST1:Fatigue
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F Commands product: MP ME ST DY PR PP ED
Page 151 of 155
MXLOC
Maximum number of fatigue locations (defaults to 5).

MXEV
Maximum number of fatigue events (defaults to 10).

MXLOD
Maximum number of loadings in each event (defaults to 3).
Command Default
5 locations, 10 events, 3 loadings.
Notes
Defines the size and erases the stress conditions for the fatigue data storage array. A stress condition is a loading (stresses) at a particular location (node) for a particular event. Size is defined in terms of the maximum number of locations, events, and loadings. The array size cannot be changed once data storage has begun (without erasing all previously stored data). If a size change is necessary, see the FTWRITE command.
Menu Paths
Main Menu>General Postproc>Fatigue>Size Settings
Prev FTRAN Prev FTWRITE F Commands
Next FTWRITE Next
FTWRITE
Name
FTWRITE , Fname, Ext, Dir Writes all currently stored fatigue data on a file. group: POST1:Fatigue product: MP ME ST DY PR PP ED
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F Commands
Page 152 of 155
Fname
Ext
Filename extension (8 character maximum). The extension defaults to FATG if Fname is blank.
Dir
Notes
?
Data are written in terms of the equivalent POST1 fatigue commands [FTSIZE, FL, FS, etc.] which you can then edit and resubmit to POST1 (with a /INPUT command). Once you have created a fatigue data file, each subsequent use of the FTWRITE command overwrites the contents of that file..
Menu Paths
Main Menu>General Postproc>Fatigue>Write Fatig Data
Prev FTSIZE Prev /FTYPE F Commands
Next /FTYPE Next
/FTYPE
Name
/FTYPE, Ident, Type Assigns an external or internal type to a binary file. group: SESSION:Files product: MP ME ST DY PR EM FL PP ED
F Commands
Ident
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ANSYS file name identifier. Valid identifiers are: EMAT, ESAV, FULL, REDM, SUB, MODE, TRI, DSUB, USUB, EROT, OSAV, and SELD. See the ANSYS Basic Analysis Guide for file descriptions. If ALL, apply type to all valid files.
Type
Type key: EXT -External type file. INT -Internal type file.
Command Default
Type external.
Notes
Binary files may be of type external or internal. Internal files are unformatted and usually use the system's default bit representation of data. External files are unformatted and use 2's complement integer representation and IEEE double precision (64 bit) representation. Some computer systems use the external representation for their internal files. See the ANSYS Basic Analysis Guide for details. Binary files with an external representation are transportable between different computer systems, whereas binary files with an internal representation are not. This command is valid only at the Begin Level.
Menu Paths
Prev FTWRITE Prev FVMESH F Commands
Next FVMESH Next
FVMESH
Name
FVMESH, KEEP Generates nodes and tetrahedral volume elements from detached exterior area elements (facets).
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F Commands group: PREP7:Meshing product: MP ME ST DY PR EM EH FL PP ED
Page 154 of 155
KEEP
Specifies whether to keep the area elements after the tetrahedral meshing operation is complete. 0 -Delete area elements (default). 1 -Keep area elements.
Notes
The FVMESH command generates a tetrahedral volume mesh from a selected set of detached exterior area elements (facets). (Detached elements have no solid model associativity.) The area elements can be triangular-shaped, quadrilateral-shaped, or a mixture of the two. The FVMESH command is in contrast to the VMESH command, which requires a volume to be input. The main tetrahedra mesher [MOPT,VMESH,MAIN] is the only tetrahedra mesher that supports the FVMESH command. The alternate tetrahedra mesher [MOPT,VMESH,ALTERNATE] does not support FVMESH. Tetrahedral mesh expansion [MOPT,TETEXPND, Value] is supported for both the FVMESH and VMESH commands. Tet-mesh expansion is the only mesh control supported by FVMESH. Triangle- or quadrilateral-shaped elements may be used as input to the FVMESH command. Where quadrilaterals are used, the default behavior is for the pyramid-shaped elements to be formed at the boundary when the appropriate element type is specified. See the MOPT,PYRA command for details. The FVMESH command does not support multiple "volumes." If you have multiple volumes in your model, select the surface elements for one "volume," while making sure that the surface elements for the other volumes are deselected. Then use FVMESH to generate a mesh for the first volume. Continue this procedure by selecting one volume at a time and meshing it, until all of the volumes in the model have been meshed. If an error occurs during the meshing operation, the area elements are kept even if KEEP = 0.
Menu Paths
Main Menu>Preprocessor>Mesh>Area Elements
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F Commands Prev /FTYPE
Page 155 of 155 Next G Commands
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G Commands G Commands ANSYS Commands Reference
Page 1 of 72
Prev
Next
G Commands
Table of Contents GAP GAPF GAPFINISH GAPLIST GAPMERGE GAPOPT GAPPLOT GAUGE GCGEN /GCMD /GCOLUMN GENOPT GEOM GEOMETRY *GET /GFILE /GFORMAT /GLINE /GMARKER GMFACE *GO /GO /GOLIST /GOPR GP GPDELE GPLIST GPLOT /GRAPHICS /GRESUME /GRID /GROPT GRP /GRTYP /GSAVE /GST GSUM /GTHK /GTYPE
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Next
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G Commands FVMESH Prev GAP G Commands
Page 2 of 72 GAP Next
GAP
Name
GAP Specifies "Reduced transient gap conditions" as the subsequent status topic. group: SOLUTION:Status product: MP ME ST DY PR EM FL PP ED
Notes
Menu Paths
Utility Menu>List>Status>Solution>Gap Conditions
Prev G Commands Prev GAPF G Commands
Next GAPF Next
GAPF
Name
GAPF , NVAR, NUM, Name Defines the gap force data to be stored in a variable. group: POST26:Set Up product: MP ME ST DY PR PP ED
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G Commands
NVAR
Page 3 of 72
NUM
Number identifying gap number for which the gap force is to be stored. Issue the GPLIST command to display gap numbers.
Name
Thirty-two character name for identifying the item on the printout and displays (defaults to the name GAPF).
Notes
Defines the gap force data to be stored in a variable. Applicable only to the expansion pass of the reduced or mode superposition linear transient dynamic (ANTYPE,TRANS) analysis. The data usually on Fname.RDSP.
Menu Paths
Prev GAP Prev GAPFINISH G Commands
Next GAPFINISH Next
GAPFINISH
Name
GAPFINISH Exits from the CAD import topology repair stage. group: PREP7:CAD Repair product: MP ME ST DY PR EM FL PP ED
Notes
Data will remain intact in the database, but the database is not automatically written to a file (use the SAVE command to write the database to a file). This command is part of the suite of commands available to find gaps and repair the topology of a file://D:\Documents%20and%20Settings\Administrator\Local%20Settings\Temp\~hh... 20.05.2004
G Commands
Page 4 of 72
model imported from a CAD system through the Default IGES option. These commands are made available if, during a CAD import operation, ANSYS detects topological defects (small gaps, large holes, or overlapping entities). You cannot use the GAPMERGE command on a model after issuing the GAPFINISH command; however, you can continue to repair the model with the geometry repair commands.
Menu Paths
Main Menu>Preprocessor>Topo Repair>Finish
Prev GAPF Prev GAPLIST G Commands
Next GAPLIST Next
GAPLIST
Name
GAPLIST, Lab Lists all joined or disjoined lines in a model (for models imported from CAD files). group: PREP7:CAD Repair product: MP ME ST DY PR EM FL PP ED
Lab
Label defining the type of plot: OPEN -Lists all disjoined edges. This is the default option. CLOSED -Lists all seam lines that are currently "sewn" to adjacent areas.
Notes
Disjoined lines are those lines which have only one area attached to them. Typically, these occur around gaps in the model and should be merged with adjacent disjoined lines using the GAPMERGE command (topological repair) or ARFILL command (geometry repair). This command is available for both topological and geometric repair for models imported from CAD files through the Default IGES option. If topological repair is active, you can specify what is listed
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G Commands through the GAPOPT , OESELE command.
Page 5 of 72
Menu Paths
Main Menu>Preprocessor>Geom Repair>Close Edges Main Menu>Preprocessor>Geom Repair>Open Edges Main Menu>Preprocessor>Topo Repair>Close Edges Main Menu>Preprocessor>Topo Repair>Open Edges
Prev GAPFINISH Prev GAPMERGE G Commands
Next GAPMERGE Next
GAPMERGE
Name
GAPMERGE, Lab, VAL1, VAL2, VAL3 Merges adjacent disjoined lines (for models imported from CAD files). group: PREP7:CAD Repair product: MP ME ST DY PR EM FL PP ED
Lab
Label defining the type of merge operation. TOLER -Disjoined lines are merged if they are within the tolerance factor specified by the GAPOPT command. ITER -Disjoined lines are merged through an iterative merging process, where a series of merges occur starting with the tolerance factor specified in VAL1 until the value specified in VAL2 is reached. The merges occur at increments specified through VAL3. By default, VAL1 is set to its minimum value (1), VAL2 is set to its maximum value (10), and VAL3 is set to 1.
Notes
While the Lab = ITER options provides a robust, automatic method for "sewing" gaps, it also
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G Commands requires considerable processing.
Page 6 of 72
This command is part of the suite of commands available to repair the topology of a model imported from CAD systems through the Default IGES option (see Importing Solid Models in the ANSYS Modeling and Meshing Guide). These commands are made available if, during a CAD import operation, ANSYS detects topological defects (small gaps, large holes, or overlapping entities). You cannot use the topological repair commands on a model after issuing the GAPFINISH command; however, you can continue to repair the model with the geometry commands.
Menu Paths
Main Menu>Preprocessor>Topo Repair>By Tolerance Main Menu>Preprocessor>Topo Repair>Iterative
Prev GAPLIST Prev GAPOPT G Commands
Next GAPOPT Next
GAPOPT
Name
GAPOPT , Lab, Value Sets preferences for the CAD import repair commands. group: PREP7:CAD Repair product: MP ME ST DY PR EM FL PP ED
Lab
Label Identifying the preference set by the command. The meaning of Value varies depending on Lab. TOLER -Set tolerance for the GAPMERGE (used only for manual, not iterative, merging), GAPLIST, and GAPPLOT commands as a factor, defined by Value, times the default tolerance. By default, Value is set to its minimum value. OESELE -Determines what will be displayed by the GAPLIST and GAPPLOT commands. Value can be: ALL --
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G Commands
Page 7 of 72 GAPLIST and GAPPLOT will display all currently existing disjoined edges with both small gaps and large holes. This is the default option.
MERGE -GAPLIST and GAPPLOT will display all open edges that can be merged with the current tolerance. REMAIN -GAPLIST and GAPPLOT will display all open edges that will remain after merging is performed using the current tolerance.
Value
Additional input value described under Lab.
Notes
This command is used for the topological repair of models imported from CAD files through the Default IGES option. If no previous defeaturing has been done, setting the tolerance will automatically merge all gaps by the specified value.
Menu Paths
Main Menu>Preprocessor>Topo Repair>Preferences
Prev GAPMERGE Prev GAPPLOT G Commands
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GAPPLOT
Name
GAPPLOT, Lab Plots all joined or disjoined lines (for models imported from CAD files). group: PREP7:CAD Repair product: MP ME ST DY PR EM FL PP ED
Lab
Label defining the type of plot:
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G Commands OPEN -Plots disjoined edges. This is the default option. CLOSED -Plots all edge lines that are currently "sewn" to adjacent areas. ALL --
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Plots all line segments (both joined and disjoined). Disjoined lines plot in a different color.
Notes
Disjoined lines are those lines which have only one area attached to them. Typically, these occur around gaps in the model and should be merged with adjacent disjoined lines using the GAPMERGE (topological repair) or ARFILL (geometry repair) command. This command is available for both topological and geometric repair for models imported from CAD files through the Default IGES option. If topological repair is active, you can specify what is plotted through the GAPOPT , OESELE command.
Menu Paths
Main Menu>Preprocessor>Geom Repair>Closed Edges Main Menu>Preprocessor>Geom Repair>Open Edges Main Menu>Preprocessor>Geom Repair>Opn & Closed Main Menu>Preprocessor>Topo Repair>Closed Edges Main Menu>Preprocessor>Topo Repair>Open Edges Main Menu>Preprocessor>Topo Repair>Opn & Closed
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GAUGE
Name
GAUGE, Opt Gauges the problem domain for an edge-element formulation. group: SOLUTION:Analysis Options product: MP ME EM PP ED
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Opt
Type of gauging performed: TREE -Perform tree gauging of the edge values (default) OFF -Do not gauge the edge values
Notes
The GAUGE command, required for electromagnetic analyses using an edge potential formulation, gauges the problem domain. The ANSYS program performs gauging over all selected elements and nodes to produce a minimal unique degree of freedom set for solution. By default, gauging is performed at the solver level for each solution [SOLVE command or MAGSOLV command]. Gauging sets edge values to zero on the tree branches of a graph. The ANSYS program removes these additional constraints after obtaining the solution; therefore, gauging is transparent to users. The GAUGE,OFF option is intended for expert ANSYS users who want to create their own gauging instead of using default tree gauging. For more information about gauging, see the ANSYS, Inc. Theory Reference. This command is also valid in PREP7.
Menu Paths
Main Menu>Preprocessor>Loads>Magnetics>Gauging Main Menu>Solution>Magnetics>Gauging
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GCGEN
Name
GCGEN, Ccomp, Tcomp, NUMC, RADC, Tlab, Shape Generates 2-D or 3-D contact elements. group: PREP7:Elements product: MP ME ST DY PP ED file://D:\Documents%20and%20Settings\Administrator\Local%20Settings\Temp\~hh... 20.05.2004
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Ccomp
Name of the component containing nodes on the contact surface [CM]. Assemblies are not permitted.
Tcomp
Name of the component containing nodes on the target surface. Assemblies are not permitted.
NUMC
Generate NUMC contact elements whose contact node is closest to the centroid of each target element face. If Shape = TRI, the program will generate 2* NUMC CONTAC49 elements for each quadrilateral target element face. (That is, each triangular contact element base will be connected to NUMC contact nodes.) Defaults to an unlimited number of contact elements generated per target face.
RADC
Generate contact elements whose contact node is within a radius of RADC measured from the centroid of each target element face. Defaults to no limit on the radius.
Tlab
Label to identify the target surface of line or shell elements. The top surface will be used unless Tlab = BOT. Tlab is ignored if the target elements are solids.
Shape
Label that controls the shape of CONTAC49 element bases. Using the TRI feature can sometimes improve contact performance if the target elements have warped quadrilateral faces: (blank) -The contact element bases will have the same shape (triangular or quadrilateral) as the corresponding target element faces (default). TRI -The contact element bases will always be triangular.
Notes
Generates 2-D contact (CONTAC48) or 3-D contact (CONTAC49) elements. Each contact element connects nodes on a target element face to a contact node. The "target" end of a contact element is called the contact element base. A target element face is defined as a face on a selected element whose nodes belong to the target component. If the selected element is a solid then the target face must also be external to the model, while for a line or shell element all nodes of the element will belong to the target face. The active element type attribute (TYPE) must be a contact element (CONTAC48 or CONTAC49) and must match the dimensionality of the target element. The other
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active attributes (MAT, TYPE, REAL, ESYS) will be used for the generated elements. The target elements must be defined before using this command. Midside nodes on target element faces are ignored.
Menu Paths
Main Menu>Preprocessor>Create>Elements>Node to Surf
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/GCMD
Name
/GCMD, WN, Lab1, Lab2, Lab3, Lab4, Lab5, Lab6, Lab7, Lab8, Lab9, Lab10, Lab11, Lab12 Controls the type of element or graph display used for the GPLOT command. group: GRAPHICS:Set Up product: MP ME ST DY PR EM FL PP ED
WN
Window number (or ALL) to which this command applies (defaults to 1)

Lab1, Lab2, Lab3, Lab4, Lab5, Lab6, Lab7, Lab8, Lab9, Lab10, Lab11, Lab12
Command labels (for example, PLNSOL,S,X)
Notes
This command controls the type of element or graph display that appears when you issue the GPLOT command when the /GTYPE ,,(ELEM or GRPH) entity type is active. If you have multiple plotting windows enabled, you can also use /GCMD to select one window when you wish to edit its contents. For related information, see the descriptions of the GPLOT and /GTYPE commands in this manual. This command is valid in any processor.
Menu Paths
G Commands Utility Menu>PlotCtrls>Multi-Plot Contrls
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/GCOLUMN
Name
/GCOLUMN, CURVE, STRING Allows the user to apply a label to a specified curve. group: GRAPHICS:Set Up product: MP ME ST DY PR EM FL PP ED
CURVE
Curve number on which label will be applied (integer value between 1 and 10).
STRING
Name or designation that will be applied to the curve (8 characters max).
Notes
This command is used for an array parameter plot (a plot created by the *VPLOT command). Normally the label for curve 1 is "COL 1", the label for curve 2 is "COL 2" and so on; the column number is the field containing the dependent variables for that particular curve. Issuing /GCOLUMN,CURVE, with no string value specified resets the label to the original value.
Menu Paths
Utility Menu>PlotCtrls>Style>Graphs>Modify Curve
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GENOPT
Name
GENOPT Specifies "General options" as the subsequent status topic. group: SOLUTION:Status product: MP ME ST DY PR EM FL PP ED
Notes
Menu Paths
Utility Menu>List>Status>Solution>General Options
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GEOM
Name
GEOM, K2D, NDIV Defines the geometry specifications for the radiation matrix calculation. group: AUX12:Radiation Substructures product: MP ME ST PR PP ED
K2D
Dimensionality key: 0 -3-D geometry file://D:\Documents%20and%20Settings\Administrator\Local%20Settings\Temp\~hh... 20.05.2004
G Commands 1 -2-D geometry (plane or axisymmetric)

NDIV
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Number of divisions in an axisymmetric model. Used only with K2D = 1. Defaults to 0 (2-D plane). The 2-D model is internally expanded to a 3-D model based on the number of divisions specified (6 90). For example, NDIV of 6 is internally represented by six 60 NDIV sections.
Command Default
3-D geometry.
Menu Paths
Main Menu>Radiation Opt>Other Settings
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GEOMETRY
Name
GEOMETRY Specifies "Geometry" as the subsequent status topic. group: PREP7:Status product: MP ME ST DY PR EM FL PP ED
Notes
Menu Paths
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Prev GEOM Prev *GET G Commands
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*GET
Name
*GET, Par, Entity, ENTNUM, Item1, IT1NUM, Item2, IT2NUM Retrieves a value and stores it as a user-named parameter. group: APDL:Parameters product: MP ME ST DY EM FL PP ED
Par
The name of the resulting parameter. See *SET for name restrictions.
Entity
Entity keyword. Valid keywords are NODE, ELEM, KP, LINE, AREA, VOLU, PDS, etc., as shown for Entity = in the tables below.
ENTNUM
The number of the entity (as shown for ENTNUM = in the tables below). A zero (or blank) ENTNUM represents all entities of the set.
Item1
The name of a particular item for the given entity. Valid items are as shown in the Item1 columns of the tables below.
IT1NUM
The number (or label) for the specified Item1 (if any). Valid IT1NUM values are as shown in the IT1NUM columns of the tables below. Some Item1 labels do not require an IT1NUM value.
Item2, IT2NUM
A second set of item labels and numbers to further qualify the item for which data are to be retrieved. Most items do not require this level of information.
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Notes
*GET retrieves a value for a specified item and stores it as a user-named parameter. An item is identified by various keyword, label, and number combinations. Usage is similar to the *SET command except that the parameter values are retrieved from previously input or calculated results. For example, *GET, A, ELEM, 5, CENT, X returns the centroid x-location of element 5 and stores the result as parameter A. For repeated gets of sequential items, such as from a series of elements, see the *VGET command. A "get function" is available for some items, and can be used instead of the *GET command. The function returns the value and uses it where the function is input (bypassing the need for storing the value with a parameter name and inputting the parameter name where the value is to be used). For example, assume the average X-location of two nodes is to be calculated. Using the *GET command, parameter L1 can be assigned the X location of node 1 (*GET, L1, NODE, 1, LOC, X), and parameter L2 can be assigned the X location of node 2, then the mid location can be computed from MID = (L1+L2)/2. However, using the node location "get function" NX(N), which returns the X location of node N, MID can be computed directly from MID = (NX(1)+NX(2))/2, without the need for intermediate parameters L1 and L2. Get function arguments may themselves be parameters or other get functions. The get function NELEM(ENUM,NPOS) returns the node number in position NPOS for element ENUM. Combining functions, NX(NELEM(ENUM,NPOS)) returns the X location of that node. Get functions (where available) are shown with the corresponding *GET items in the tables below and are summarized at the end of this command description. Most items are stored in the database after they are calculated and are available anytime thereafter. Items are grouped according to where they are usually first defined or calculated. The sections are shown in the following order:
?
*GET - General Items *GET - Graphic Items *GET - PREP7 Items *GET - SOLUTION Items *GET - POST1 Items *GET - POST26 Items *GET - OPT Items *GET - Topological Optimization Items *GET - Probabilistic Design Pre-Processing *GET - Probabilistic Design Post-Processing *GET - Radiosity Method Items *GET - Run Statistics Estimator Items *GET - Get Function Summary
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G Commands The *GET command is valid in any processor. *GET - General Items
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Item1 INT IMME MENU PRKEY UNITS ROUT
*GET, Par, Entity, ENTNUM, Item1, IT1NUM, Item2, IT2NUM Entity = ACTIVE, ENTNUM = 0 (or blank) *GET,Par,ACTIVE,0,... IT1NUM Description Current interactive key: 0=off, 2=on. Current immediate key: 0=off, 1=on. Current menu key: 0=off, 1=on. Printout suppression status: 0=/NOPR, 1=/GOPR or /GO Units specified by /UNITS command: 0 = USER, 1 = SI, 2 = CGS, 3 = BFT, 4 = BIN. Current routine: 0 = Begin level, 17 = PREP7, 21 = SOLUTION, 31 = POST1, 36 = POST26, 41 = OPT, 52 = AUX2, 62 = AUX12, 65 = AUX15, 71 = RUNSTAT. Current wall clock or CPU time.
Note
TIME WALL,CPU Current wall clock will continue to accumulate during an ANSYS run and is NOT reset to zero at midnight. Date of first modification of any database quantity required for DBASE LDATE POST1 operation. The parameter returned is Par = YEAR*10000 + MONTH*100 + DAY. Time of last modification of any database quantity required for DBASE LTIME POST1 operation. The parameter returned is Par = HOURS*10000 + MINUTES*100 + SECONDS. ANSYS minor revision number (5.6, 5.7, 6.0 etc.). Letter REV notation (e.g., 5.0A) is not included. Item2: START IT2NUM: N Current title string of the main title ( IT1NUM=0 or blank) or subtitle 1, 2, 3, or 4 TITLE 0,1,2,3,4 ( IT1NUM=1,2,3, or 4). A character parameter of up to 8 characters, starting at position N, is returned. Item2: START IT2NUM: N Current Jobname. A character JOBNAM parameter of up to 8 characters, starting at position N, is returned. Use *DIM and *DO to get all 32 characters. PLATFORM The current platform. NPROC The maximum number of processors available. Entity, = PARMENTNUM = 0 (or blank) *GET,Par,PARM,0,... MAX Total number of parameters currently defined. Number of scalar parameters (excluding parameters beginning BASIC with an underscore _, array parameters, and character parameters). Name of the parameter at the Num location in the parameter Num LOC table. A character parameter is returned. file://D:\Documents%20and%20Settings\Administrator\Local%20Settings\Temp\~hh... 20.05.2004
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= PARM, ENTNUM = Name (parameter name) *GET,Par,PARM,Name,... Parameter type: 0=scalar, 1=array, 2=table, 3=character scalar, TYPE 4=character array, -1=undefined Parameter. Row (X), Column (Y), or Plane (Z) dimension of array DIM X,Y,Z parameter. Entity = CMD, ENTNUM = 0 (or blank) *GET,Par,CMD,0,...
Entity
The following items are valid for all commands except star (*) commands and non-graphics slash (/) commands. Status of previous command: 0=found, 1=not found STAT (unknown). Field number of last non-blank field on the previous NARGS command. Numerical value of the Nth field on the previous command. FIELD 2,3...N Field 1 is the command name (not available) Entity = COMP, ENTNUM = 0 (or blank) *GET,Par,COMP,0,... NCOMP Total number of components and assemblies currently defined. Entity = COMP, ENTNUM = n ( Nth component) *GET,Par,COMP,N,... Name of the Nth item (component or assembly) in the list of NAME components and assemblies. A character parameter is returned. Entity = COMP, ENTNUM = Cname (component or assembly name) *GET,Par,COMP,Cname,... Type of component Cname: 1=Nodes, 2=Elements, 6=Keypoints, 7=Lines, 8=Areas, 9=Volumes, 11TYPE 15=Subcomponents (11=subcomponent at level 1, 12=subcomponent at level 2, etc.). NSCOMP Number of subcomponents (for assemblies). Name of Nth subcomponent of assembly Cname. A character N SNAME parameter is returned. Entity = SCTN, ENTNUM = N (pretension section ID number) *GET,Par,SCTN, N,... 1 Section ID number. 2 Section type (always 5 for pre-tension section). 3 Pre-tension node number. Coordinate system 4 Section normal NX. number. Coordinate system 5 Section normal NY. number. Coordinate system 6 Section normal NZ. number. 7 or 8 Eight character section name. Initial action key. Returns 0 or 1 for lock, 2 for "free-to-slide," 9 or 3 for tiny.
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Page 19 of 72 Force displacement key. Returns 0 or 1 for force, or 2 for displacement. First preload value. Load step in which first preload value is to be applied. Load step in which first preload value is to be locked. 14 through 17 is a repeat of 10 through 13, but for the second preload value; 18 through 21 is for the third preload value; and so forth.
10 11 12 13 14...
For Beam Section Data Entity = SECP, ENTNUM = num (defined section reference number) *GET,Par,SECP,num,... Item1 IT1NUM Description count Number of defined sections max Largest section number defined = SECP, ENTNUM = id (beam section identification number) *GET,Par,SECP,id,.. Section type, for id - SECTYPE command. (always BEAM TYPE for beam sections) SUBTYPE Section type for id - SECTYPE command NAME Name defined for the given section id number Where "nnn" is the location in the SECDATA command for DATA nnn the given section id number PROP AREA Area value " IYY, IYZ, IZZ Moments of inertia " WARP Warping constant " TORS Torsion constant " CGY, CGZ Y or Z coordinate center of gravity " SHCY, SHCZ Y or Z coordinate shear center " SCYY, SCYZ, SCZZ Shear correction factors Offset location: 1 = Centroid 2 = Shear Center " OFFSET 3 = Origin 0 = User Defined For Shell Section Data Entity = SHEL, ENTNUM = N (shell section identification number) *GET,Par,SHEL,N,... Item1 IT1NUM Description Section type, for id SECTYPE command. (always SHEL TYPE for shell sections) NAME Name defined for a given id number. PROP TTHK Total thickness. " NLAY Number of layers.
Entity
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G Commands " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " LAYD " " " NSP POS Number of section integration points. Node position (as defined by SECOFFSET ). " 0 = User Defined. " 1 = Middle. " 2 = Top. " 3 = Bottom. OFFZ User -defined section offset (POS = 0). TS11 Transverse shear stiffness factors. TS22 Transverse shear stiffness factors. TS12 Transverse shear stiffness factors. HORC Homogeneous or complete section flag. " 0 = Homogeneous. " 1 = Composite. FUNC Tabular function name for total thickness. UT11 User transverse shear stiffness 11. UT22 User transverse shear stiffness 22. UT12 User transverse shear stiffness 12. AMAS Added mass. MSCF Hourglass control membrane scale factor. BSCF Hourglass control bending scale factor. DSTF Drill stiffness scale factor. LDEN Laminate density. LayerNumber,THIC Layer thickness. LayerNumber,MAT Layer material.. LayerNumber,ANGL Layer orientation angle. LayerNumber,NINT Number of layer integration points.
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*GET - Graphic Items *GET, Par, Entity, ENTNUM, Item1, IT1NUM, Item2, IT2NUM Item1 IT1NUM Description ACTIVE /WINDOW status: 0=off, 1=on. /ANGLE THETA angle. ANGLE /CONTOUR value for Name, where Name = VMIN, VINC, or CONTOUR Name NCONT. DIST /DISTDVAL value. DSCALE DMULT /DSCALE DMULT value. EDGE /EDGEKEY value. /FOCUS XF, YF, or ZF value. FOCUS X,Y,Z GLINE /GLINESTYLE value. MODE /USER or /AUTO setting: 0=user, 1=auto. NORMAL /NORMAL KEY value. XMIN,XMAX, RANGE /WINDOWXMIN, XMAX, YMIN , or YMAX screen coordinates. YMIN,YMAX /RATIO RATOX or RATOYvalue. RATIO X,Y
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SSCALE SMULT /SSCALESMULT value. /TYPEType value. TYPE VCONE ANGLE /VCONE PHI angle. VIEW X,Y,Z /VIEW XV, YV, or ZV value. VSCALE VRATIO /VSCALE VRATIO value. Entity = GRAPH, ENTNUM = 0 (or blank) *GET,Par,GRAPH,0,... DISPLAY /SHOWVECT setting: 0=raster, 1=vector. ERASE /ERASE or /NOERASE setting: 0=no erase, 1=erase. Largest nodal range for current model (DX, DY, or DZ of the NDIST model). /NUMBERNKEY value. NUMBER /PLOPTS setting of Name, where Name=LEG1, LEG2, LEG3, Name PLOPTS INFO, FRAM, TITL, MINM, or VERS. Segment capability of graphics driver: 0=no segments available, SEG 1=erasable segments available, 2=non-erasable segments available. SHRINK /SHRINKRATIO value. *GET - PREP7 Items PREP7 Items *GET, Par, Entity, ENTNUM, Item1, IT1NUM, Item2, IT2NUM Item1 IT1NUM Description Entity = ACTIVE, ENTNUM = 0 (or blank) *GET,Par,ACTIVE,0,... Segment capability of graphics driver: 0=no segments available, SEG 1=erasable segments available, 2=non-erasable segments available. CSYS Active coordinate system. DSYS Active display coordinate system. MAT Active material. TYPE Active element type. REAL Active real constant set. ESYS Active element coordinate system. Maximum coupled node set number in the model (includes merged CP and deleted sets until compressed out). Maximum constraint equation set number in the model (includes CE merged and deleted sets until compressed out). WFRONT MAX,RMS Current maximum or RMS wavefront. Zero if no reordering done. Entity = CDSY, ENTNUM = N (coordinate system number) *GET,Par,CDSY, N,... LOC X,Y,Z X, Y, or Z origin location in global Cartesian system. THXY, THYZ, or THZX rotation angle (in degrees) relative to the ANG XY,YZ,ZX global Cartesian coordinate system. Number assigned to Name, where Name=KCS, KTHET, KPHI, ATTR Name PAR1, or PAR2. The value -1.0 is returned for KCS if the coordinate system is undefined.
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MAXD The maximum number assigned to Name since your last SAVE. Entity = NODE, ENTNUM = N(node number) *GET,Par,NODE,N,. X, Y, Z location in the active coordinate system. Alternative get functions: NX(N), NY(N), NZ(N). Inverse get function. NODE LOC X,Y,Z (x,y,z) returns the number of the selected node nearest the x,y,z location (in the active coordinate system, lowest number for coincident nodes). ANG XY,YZ,ZX THXY, THYZ, THZX rotation angle. Select status of node N: -1=unselected, 0=undefined, 1=selected. NSEL Alternative get function: NSEL(N). Next higher node number above N in selected set (or zero if none NXTH found). Alternative get function: NDNEXT(N). Next lower node number below N in selected set (or zero if none NXTL found). Applied force at selected node N in direction IT1NUM (returns 0.0 if F FX, MX,... no force is defined, if node is unselected, or if the DOF is inactive). If ITEM2 is IMAG, return the imaginary part. Applied constraint force at selected node N in direction IT1NUM (returns a large number, such as 2e100, if no constraint is specified, D UX, ROTX,... if the node is unselected, or if the DOF is inactive). If ITEM2 is IMAG, return the imaginary part. Heat generation on selected node N (returns 0.0 if node is unselected, HGEN or if the DOF is inactive). Couple set number with direction Lab = any active DOF, which CPS Lab contains the node N. Entity = NODE, ENTNUM = 0 (or blank) *GET,Par,NODE,0,... NUM MAX,MIN Highest or lowest node number in the selected set. NUM MAXD, MIND Highest or lowest node number ever defined. COUNT Number of nodes in the selected set. Maximum X, Y, or Z node coordinate in the selected set (in the MXLOC X,Y,Z active coordinate system). Minimum X, Y, or Z node coordinate in the selected set (in the MNLOC X,Y,Z active coordinate system). Entity = ELEM, ENTNUM = N (element number) *GET,Par,ELEM,N,... Node number at position 1,2,... or 20 of element N. Alternative get NODE 1,2,...20 function: NELEM( n,npos), where npos is 1,2,...20. Centroid X, Y, or Z location (based on shape function) in the active coordinate system. The original locations is used even if large deflections are active. Alternative get functions: CENTRX(N), CENT X,Y,Z CENTRY(N), and CENTRZ(N) always retrieve the element centroid in global Cartesian coordinates, and are determined from the selected nodes on the elements. Element number adjacent to face 1,2,...6. Alternative get function: ADJ 1,2,...6 ELADJ( N,face) Number assigned to the attribute Name, where Name = MAT, TYPE, file://D:\Documents%20and%20Settings\Administrator\Local%20Settings\Temp\~hh... 20.05.2004
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Page 23 of 72 REAL, ESYS, PSTAT, LIVE, or SECN. Returns a zero if the element is unselected. If Name = PSTAT (valid for p-elements only), returns a 1 if the element is selected and included [PINCLUDE ], and a -1 if the element is selected and excluded [PEXCLUDE]. If Name = LIVE, returns a 1 if the element is selected and active, and a -1 if it is selected and inactive. Name = SECN returns the section number of the selected beam element. Length of line element (straight line between ends). Projected line element length (in the active coordinate system). X is x-projection onto y-z plane, Y is y projection onto z-x plane, and Z is z-projection onto x-y plane. Area of area element. Projected area of area element area (in the active coordinate system). X is x-projection onto y-z plane, Y is y projection onto z-x plane, and Z is z-projection onto x-y plane. Element volume. Based on unit thickness for 2-D plane elements (unless the thickness optin is used) and on the full 360 degrees for 2D axisymmetric elements.
ATTR
Name
LENG LPROJ AREA APROJ X,Y,Z X,Y,Z
VOLU
Note
If results data are in the database, the volume returned is the volume calculated during solution. Select status of element N: -1 = unselected, 0 = undefined, 1 = ESEL selected. Alternative get function: ESEL(N). Next higher element number above N in selected set (or zero if none NXTH found). Alternative get function: ELNEXT(N) Next lower element number below N in selected set (or zero if none NXTL found). HGEN Heat generation on selected element N. Heat coefficient for selected element N. HCOE face TBULK face Bulk temperature for selected element N. PRES face Pressure on selected element, N. Element shape test result for selected element N, where Test = ANGD (SHELL28 corner angle deviation), ASPE (aspect ratio), Test SHPAR JACR (Jacobian ratio), MAXA (maximum corner angle), PARA (deviation from parallelism of opposite edges), or WARP (warping factor). Entity = ELEM, ENTNUM = 0 (or blank) *GET,Par,ELEM,0,... NUM MAX,MIN Highest or lowest element number in the selected set. NUM MAXD, MIND Highest or lowest element number ever defined. COUNT Number of elements in the selected set. Entity = KP, ENTNUM = N (keypoint number) *GET,Par,KP,N,... LOC X,Y,Z X, Y, or Z location in the active coordinate system. Alternative get functions: KX(N), KY(N), KZ(N). Inverse get function: KP( x,y,z) returns the number of the selected keypoint nearest the x,y,z location (in the active coordinate system, lowest number for 20.05.2004
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coincident keypoints). Number assigned to the attribute Name, where Name = MAT, TYPE, Name ATTR REAL, ESYS, NODE, or ELEM. Select status of keypoint N: -1 = unselected, 0 = undefined, 1 = KSEL selected. Alternative get function: KSEL( N). Next higher keypoint number above N in selected set (or zero if none NXTH found). Alternative get function: KPNEXT(N). Next lower keypoint number below N in selected set (or zero if none NXTL found). DIV Divisions (element size setting) from KESIZE command. Entity = KP, ENTNUM = 0 (or blank) *GET,Par,KP,0,... NUM MAX,MIN Highest or lowest keypoint number in the selected set. NUM MAXD, MIND Highest or lowest keypoint number ever defined COUNT Number of keypoints in the selected set. Centroid X, Y, or Z location of keypoints (from last KSUM or CENT X,Y,Z GSUM). IOR X,Y,Z, XY,YZ,ZX Moments of inertia about origin (from last KSUM or GSUM). Moments of inertia about mass centroid (from last KSUM or IMC X,Y,Z, XY,YZ,ZX GSUM). IPR X,Y,Z Principal moments of inertia (from last KSUM or GSUM). Principal orientation X vector components (from last KSUM or IXV X,Y,Z GSUM). Principal orientation Y vector components (from last KSUM or IYV X,Y,Z GSUM). Principal orientation Z vector components (from last KSUM or IZV X,Y,Z GSUM). Maximum X, Y, or Z keypoint coordinate in the selected set (in the MXLOC X,Y,Z active coordinate system). Minimum X, Y, or Z keypoint coordinate in the selected set (in the MNLOC X,Y,Z active coordinate system). NRELM m Keypoint number of meshed region nearest centroid of element m. Entity = LINE, ENTNUM = N (line number) *GET,Par,LINE,N,... KP 1,2 Keypoint number at position 1 or 2. Number assigned to the attribute, Name, where Name=MAT, TYPE, REAL, ESYS, NNOD, NELM, NDIV, NDNX, SPAC, SPNX, KYND, KYSP, LAY1, or LAY2. (NNOD=number of nodes, returns --1 for meshed line with no internal nodes, NELM=number of Name ATTR elements, NDIV=number of divisions in an existing mesh, NDNX=number of divisions assigned for next mesh, SPAC=spacing ratio in an existing mesh, SPNX=spacing ratio for next mesh, KYND=soft key for NDNX, KYSP=soft key for SPNX, LAY1=LAYER1 setting, LAY2=LAYER2 setting.) Select status of line N: -1=unselected, 0=undefined, 1=selected. LSEL Alternative get function: LSEL(N). Next higher line number above N in the selected set (or zero if none NXTH found). Alternative get function: LSNEXT(N)
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Next lower line number below N in selected set (or zero if none found). Length. A get function LX(n,lfrac) also exists to return the X LENG coordinate location of line N at the length fraction lfrac (0.0 to 1.0). Similar LY and LZ functions exist. Entity = LINE, ENTNUM = 0 (or blank) *GET,Par,LINE,0,... NUM MAX,MIN Highest or lowest line number in the selected set. NUM MIND, MAXD Highest or lowest line number ever defined. COUNT Number of lines in the selected set. LENG Combined length of lines (from last LSUM or GSUM). CENT X,Y,Z, Centroid X, Y, or Z location of lines (from last LSUM or GSUM). IOR X,Y,Z, XY,YZ,ZX Moments of inertia about origin (from last LSUM or GSUM). Moments of inertia about mass centroid (from last LSUM or IMC X,Y,Z, XY,YZ,ZX GSUM). IPR X,Y,Z Principal moments of inertia (from last LSUM or GSUM). Principal orientation X vector components (from last LSUM or IXV X,Y,Z GSUM). Principal orientation Y vector components (from last LSUM or IYV X,Y,Z GSUM). Principal orientation Z vector components (from last LSUM or IZV X,Y,Z GSUM). Entity = AREA, ENTNUM = N (area number) *GET,Par,AREA, N,... Number assigned to the attribute, Name, where Name=MAT, TYPE, Name ATTR REAL, ESYS, SECN, NNOD, NELM, or ESIZ. (NNOD=number of nodes, NELM=number of elements, ESIZ=element size.) Select status of area N: -1=unselected, 0=undefined, 1=selected. ASEL Alternative get function: ASEL(N). Next higher area number above N in selected set (or zero if none NXTH found). Next lower area number below N in selected set (or zero if none NXTL found). Area of area N. (ASUM or GSUM must have been performed AREA sometime previously with at least this area N selected). LOOP 1,2,...,I Item2: LINE IT2NUM: 1,2,...,p Line number of position p of loop I Entity = AREA, ENTNUM = 0 (or blank) *GET,Par,AREA,0,... NUM MAX,MIN Highest or lowest area number in the selected set. NUM MAXD, MIND Highest or lowest area number ever defined. COUNT Number of areas in the selected set. AREA Combined areas (from last ASUM or GSUM). Combined volume of areas (from last ASUM or GSUM. For 3-D area elements, thickness is determined from area attributes [AATT ]. VOLU For 2-D elements, area attributes are ignored and unit thickness is assumed. CENT X,Y,Z Centroid X, Y, or Z location of areas (from last ASUM or GSUM). NXTL
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X,Y,Z, XY,YZ,ZX Moments of inertia about origin (from last ASUM or GSUM). Moments of inertia about mass centroid (from last ASUM or IMC X,Y,Z, XY,YZ,ZX GSUM). IPR X,Y,Z Principal moments of inertia (from last ASUM or GSUM). Principal orientation X vector components (from last ASUM or IXV X,Y,Z GSUM). Principal orientation Y vector components (from last ASUM or IYV X,Y,Z GSUM). IYV X,Y,Z Principal orientation Z vector components (from last ASUM or IZV X,Y,Z GSUM). Entity = VOLU, ENTNUM = N (volume number) *GET,Par,VOLU,N,... Number assigned to the attribute Name, where Name=MAT, TYPE, Name ATTR REAL, ESYS, NNOD,or NELM. (NNOD=number of nodes, NELM=number of elements.) Select status of volume N: -1=unselected, 0=undefined, 1=selected. VSEL Alternative get function: VSEL(N). Next higher volume number above N in selected set (or zero if none NXTH found). Alternative get function: VLNEXT( N). Next lower volume number below N in selected set (or zero if none NXTL found). Volume of volume N. (VSUM or GSUM must have been performed VOLU sometime previously with at least this volume N selected). Item2: AREA IT2NUM: 1,2,..., p Line number of position p of shell SHELL 1,2,...,
m m
= VOLU, ENTNUM = 0 (or blank) *GET,Par,VOLU,0,... NUM MAX,MIN Highest or lowest volume number in the selected set. NUM MAXD, MIND Highest or lowest volume number ever defined. COUNT Number of volumes in the selected set. VOLU Combined volumes (from last VSUM or GSUM). Centroid X, Y, or Z location of volumes (from last VSUM or CENT X,Y,Z GSUM). IOR X,Y,Z, XY,YZ,ZX Moments of inertia about origin (from last VSUM or GSUM). Moments of inertia about mass centroid (from last VSUM or IMC X,Y,Z, XY,YZ,ZX GSUM). IPR X,Y,Z Principal moments of inertia (from last VSUM or GSUM). Principal orientation X vector components (from last VSUM or IXV X,Y,Z GSUM). Principal orientation Y vector components (from last VSUM or IYV X,Y,Z GSUM). Principal orientation Z vector components (from last VSUM or IZV X,Y,Z GSUM). Entity = ETYP, ENTNUM = N (element type number) *GET,Par,ETYP,N,...
Entity
ATTR
Name
Number assigned to the attribute Name, where Name=ENAM, KOP1, 20.05.2004
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KOP2,..., KOP9, KO10, KO11, etc. Entity = ETYP, ENTNUM = 0 (or blank) *GET,Par,ETYP,0,... NUM MAX Maximum element type. NUM MAXC Maximum number of element types in defined set NUM MAXD Maximum number of element types ever defined (since last SAVE) Entity = RCON, ENTNUM = N (real constant set number) *GET,Par,RCON,N,... CONST 1,2,...,m Value of real constant number m in set N. The maximum number of ral constant numbers ever defined (since NUM MAXD last SAVE) Entity = MPlab, ENTNUM =N *GET,Par,MPlab,N,...(MPlab = material property label from MP command; N = material number.) Material property value at temperature of val. For temperature TEMP val dependant materials, the program interpolates the property at temperature input for val. Entity = TBlab, ENTNUM = N *GET,Par,TBlab,N,...(TBlab = data table label from the TB command; N = material number.) Item2: CONST IT2NUM: Num Value of constant number Num in the datatable at temperature T (see Data Tables - Implicit Analysis of T TEMP the ANSYS Elements Reference). For constants input a X,Y point, the constant numbers are consecutive with the X constants being the odd numbers, beginning with one. Entity = FLDATA, ENTNUM = Name *GET,Par, FLDATA, Name,... (Name is a valid label on the Name field of the FLDATA command.) Value of Lab, where Lab is a valid label from the Label field of the FLDATA command. The value returned is the numerical value for numeric items, 0 or 1 for logical items (off/on or false/true), and a character parameter for items that require a character string. For example, *GET,X,FLDATA,TERM,PRES returns X=convergence Lab monitor value for pressure [FLDATA3], *GET,X,FLDATA,SOLU,TURB returns X=1 if the turbulence model is ON [FLDATA1 ], and *GET,X,FLDATA,PROT,DENS returns X='CONSTANT' if density is specified as a constant property type [FLDATA7 ]. Entity = MSDATA, ENTNUM = 0 *GET,Par,MSDATA,0,... SPEC The algebraic species number. UGAS Value of the universal gas constant. Entity = MSPROP , ENTNUM = n (species number) *GET,Par,MSPROP,n,... The type of fluid property variation being used for Lab, where Lab is a valid property label as described on the MSPROP command Lab TYPE (DENS, VISC, COND, etc.). A character parameter is returned: CONSTANT, GAS, LIQUID, or a property name from the floprp.ans file. Value of property Lab: nominal value for a CONSTANT fluid file://D:\Documents%20and%20Settings\Administrator\Local%20Settings\Temp\~hh... 20.05.2004
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property, value at temperature given by COF1 for other property types. " COF1,COF2,COF3 Coefficients in the equation of state for property Lab. Entity = MSSPEC, ENTNUM = n (species number) *GET,Par, MSSPEC, n,... NAME Name of species n. A character parameter is returned. MOLW Molecular weight of species n. Turbulent Schmidt number of species n. SCHM Entity = MSRELAX, ENTNUM = n (species number) *GET,Par,MSRELAX,n,... CONC Mass fraction concentration relaxation factor. MDIF Mass diffusion coefficient relaxation factor. EMDI Effective mass diffusion coefficient relaxation factor. STAB Transport equation inertial relaxation factor. Entity = MSSOLU, ENTNUM = n (species number) *GET,Par,MSSOLU, n,... NSWE Number of TDMA sweeps. MAXI Maximum number of iterations allowed for semi-direct methods. NSRC Number of search vectors used for semi-direct methods. CONV Convergence criterion for semi-direct methods. Maximum normalized rate of change which will permit the semiDELT direct solution to continue. Entity = MSMETH, ENTNUM = n (species number) *GET,Par,MSMETH,n,... Solution method for species n: 0=no solution, 1=TDMA method, (Blank) (Blank) 2=conjugate residual method, 3=preconditioned conjugate residual method. Entity = MSCAP, ENTNUM = n (species number) *GET,Par,MSCAP,n,... KEY Status of mass fraction capping for species n: 0=off, 1=on. UPP Upper bound of mass fraction. LOW Lower bound of mass fraction. Entity = MSVARY, ENTNUM = n (species number) *GET,Par,MSVARY,n,... Variability status of property Lab (where Lab =DENS, VISC, Lab COND, or MDIF): 0=off, 1=on. Entity = MSNOMF, ENTNUM = n (species number) *GET,Par,MSNOMF,n,... Initial mass fraction of species N. (Blank) (Blank) Entity = PART, ENTNUM = N (PART number) *GET,Par,PART, N,... Element type number assigned to PART N. TYPE MAT Material number assigned to PART N. REAL Real constant number assigned to PART N. Entity = PART, ENTNUM = 0 (or blank) " NOMI file://D:\Documents%20and%20Settings\Administrator\Local%20Settings\Temp\~hh... 20.05.2004
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*GET,Par,PART,0,... NUMP Total number of parts in the model. Entity = WELD, ENTNUM = N (weld number) *GET,Par,WELD,N,... NODE 1,2 First or second node number for spot weld N. NXTH Next higher spotweld number above N (or 0 if none found). Entity = WELD, ENTNUM = 0 (or blank) *GET,Par,WELD,0,... NUM MAX,MIN Highest or lowest spotweld number. COUNT Total number of spotwelds in model. Entity = EDCC, ENTNUM = N (contact entity number, obtained by issuing the EDCLIST command) *GET,Par,EDCC, N ,... Component name for the contact (1) or target (2) surface of contact COMP 1,2 entity N. A character parameter is returned. PART number for contact (1) or target (2) surface of contact entity PART 1,2 N. Entity = EDCC, ENTNUM = 0 (or blank) *GET,Par,EDCC,0,... COUNT Total number of contact definitions. *GET - SOLUTION Items SOLUTION Items *GET,Par, Entity, ENTNUM, Item1, IT1NUM, Item2, IT2NUM Items are for the last substep of the last load step completed. Item1 IT1NUM Description Entity = ACTIVE, ENTNUM = 0 (or blank) *GET,Par,ACTIVE,0,. .. ANTY Current analysis type. SOLU DTIME Time step size. " NCMLS Cumulative number of loadsteps. Cumulative number of substeps. NOTE: Used only for static and transient " NCMSS analyses. " " " " " " " " " " " " EQIT NCMIT CNVG MXDVL RESFRQ RESEIG DSPRM FOCV MOCV HFCV MFCV CSCV Number of equilibrium iterations. Cumulative number of iterations. Convergence indicator: 0=not converged, 1=converged. Maximum degree of freedom value. Response frequency for 2nd order systems. Response eigenvalue for 1st order systems. Descent parameter. Force convergence value. Moment convergence value. Heat flow convergence value. Magnetic flux convergence value. Current segment convergence value.
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CUCV Current convergence value. FFCV Fluid flow convergence value. DICV Displacement convergence value. ROCV Rotation convergence value. TECV Temperature convergence value. VMCV Vector magnetic potential convergence value. SMCV Scalar magnetic potential convergence value. VOCV Voltage convergence value. PRCV Pressure convergence value. VECV Velocity convergence value. NC48 Number of nonconverged CONTAC48 elements. NC49 Number of nonconverged CONTAC49 elements. CRPRAT Maximum creep ratio. PSINC Maximum plastic strain increment. Entity = ELEM, ENTNUM = 0 (or blank) *GET,Par,ELEM,0,... (Available only after inertia relief solution [IRLF,1] or pre -calculation of masses [IRLF,-1]) MTOT X,Y,Z Total mass components. MC X,Y,Z Mass centroid components. X,Y,Z, IOR Moment of inertia about origin. XY,YZ,ZX X,Y,Z, IMC Moment of inertia about mass centroid. XY,YZ,ZX FMC X,Y,Z Force components at mass centroid. MMOR X,Y,Z Moment components at origin. MMMC X,Y,Z Moment components at mass centroid. Entity = MODE, ENTNUM = N (mode number) *GET,Par,MODE,N,... Frequency of mode N. This item returns only the first 600 frequency values. For modal solutions that create complex frequencies (DAMP and FREQ (IMAG) QRDAMP), the real part of the frequencies is returned unless IT1NUM = IMAG. Participation factor of mode N. If retrieved after a modal analysis, this value reflects the participation factor for rotation about the global Z axis. If PFACT retrieved after a spectrum analysis, this value represents the participation factor for the last SED direction vector. Mode coefficient of mode N . Values are retrievable with this command following a spectrum analysis. MCOEF
Note
Note--Values for the MCOEF parameter are only valid after a spectrum analysis has been solved. Effective damping ratio of mode N. Not a function of direction. Also retrievable following a Harmonic Response Analysis or Transient Analysis with mode superposition.
DAMP
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POST1 Items *GET, Par, Entity, ENTNUM, Item1, IT1NUM, Item2, IT2NUMVector items are in the active results coordinate system unless otherwise specified. Item1 IT1NUM Description Entity = ACTIVE, ENTNUM = 0 (or blank) *GET,Par,ACTIVE,0,... SET LSTP Current load step number. " SBST Current substep number. " TIME Time associated with current results in the database. Frequency (for ANTYPE=MODAL, HARMIC, SPECTR; load " FREQ factor for ANTYPE=BUCKLE). RSYS Active results coordinate system. Entity = NODE, ENTNUM = N (node number) *GET,Par,NODE,N,... Nodal degree of freedom results: X, Y, or Z structural displacement or vector sum. Alternative U X,Y,Z,SUM get functions: UX( N), UY(N), UZ(N). X, Y, or Z structural rotation or vector sum. Alternative get ROT X,Y,Z,SUM functions: ROTX( N), ROTY( N), ROTZ(N). TEMP Temperature. Alternative get function: TEMP( N). PRES Pressure. Alternative get function: PRES( N). Electric potential. Alternative get function: VOLT(N). VOLT MAG Magnetic scalar potential. Alternative get function: MAG(N). X, Y, or Z fluid velocity or vector sum. Alternative get V X,Y,Z,SUM functions: VX(N), VY(N), VZ(N). X, Y, or Z magnetic vector potential or vector sum. Alternative A X,Y,Z,SUM get functions: AX( N), AY(N), AZ(N). CURR Current. EMF Electromotive force drop. Turbulent kinetic energy (FLOTRAN). Alternative get ENKE function: ENKE(N). Turbulent energy dissipation (FLOTRAN). Alternative get ENDS function: ENDS( N). FX,FY,FZ, MX, RF Nodal reaction forces in the nodal coordinate system. MY, MZ Entity = NODE, ENTNUM = N (node number) *GET,Par,NODE,N,... Element nodal results: S X,Y,Z, XY,YZ,XZ Component stress. " 1,2,3 Principal stress. " INT,EQV Stress intensity or equivalent stress. EPTO X,Y,Z, XY,YZ,XZ, Component total strain (EPEL + EPPL + EPCR). " 1,2,3 Principal total strain. " INT,EQV Total strain intensity or total equivalent strain. EPEL X,Y,Z, XY,YZ,XZ Component elastic strain. " 1,2,3 Principal elastic strain. " INT,EQV Elastic strain intensity or elastic equivalent strain.
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G Commands EPPL X,Y,Z, XY,YZ,XZ 1,2,3 INT,EQV X,Y,Z, XY,YZ,XZ 1,2,3 INT,EQV X,Y,Z, XY,YZ,XZ 1,2,3 INT,EQV
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Component plastic strain. " Principal plastic strain. " Plastic strain intensity or plastic equivalent strain. EPCR Component creep strain. " Principal creep strain. " Creep strain intensity or creep equivalent strain. EPTH Component thermal strain. " Principal thermal strain. " Thermal strain intensity or thermal equivalent strain. EPSW Swelling strain. NL SEPL Equivalent stress (from stress-strain curve). " SRAT Stress state ratio. " HPRES Hydrostatic pressure. " EPEQ Accumulated equivalent plastic strain. " PSV Plastic state variable or plastic work/volume. " PLWK Plastic work/volume. TG X,Y,Z,SUM Component thermal gradient and sum. TF X,Y,Z,SUM Component thermal flux and sum. PG X,Y,Z,SUM Component pressure gradient and sum. EF X,Y,Z,SUM Component electric field and sum. D X,Y,Z,SUM Component electric flux density and sum. H X,Y,Z,SUM Component magnetic field intensity and sum. B X,Y,Z,SUM Component magnetic flux density and sum. FMAG X,Y,Z,SUM Component magnetic force and sum. Component magnetic field intensity from current sources (in the HS X,Y,Z global Cartesian coordinate system). Body temperatures (calculated from applied temperatures) as BFE TEMP used in solution. Entity = NODE, ENTNUM = N (node number) *GET,Par,NODE,N,... FLOTRAN results: TTOT Total temperature. HFLU Heat flux. HFLM Heat transfer (film) coefficient. COND Fluid laminar conductivity. PCOE Pressure coefficient. PTOT Total (stagnation) pressure. MACH Mach number. STRM Stream function (2-D applications only). DENS Fluid density. VISC Fluid laminar viscosity. EVIS Fluid effective viscosity. CMUV Turbulent viscosity coefficient. ECON Fluid effective conductivity. YPLU Y+, a turbulent law of the wall parameter. TAUW Shear stress at the wall.
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= ELEM, ENTNUM = N (element number) *GET,Par,ELEM,N,... SERR Structural error energy. Absolute value of the maximum variation of any nodal stress SDSG component. TERR Thermal error energy. Absolute value of the maximum variation of any nodal thermal TDSG gradient component. SENE "Stiffness" energy or thermal heat dissipation. Same as TENE. TENE Thermal heat dissipation or "stiffness" energy. Same as SENE. KENE Kinetic energy. JHEAT Element Joule heat generation (coupled-field calculation). Source current density (coupled-field calculation) in the global JS X,Y,Z Cartesian coordinate system. HS X,Y,Z Average element magnetic field intensity from current sources. VOLU Element volume, as calculated during solution. Value of element table item Lab for element N (see ETABLE Lab ETAB command). Value of element summable miscellaneous data at sequence Snum SMISC number Snum (as used on ETABLE command). Value of element non-summable miscellaneous data at Snum NMISC sequence number Snum (as used on ETABLE command). Entity = ETAB, ENTNUM = N (column number) *GET,Par,ETAB, N,... Label for column N of the element table [ETABLE]. Returns a LAB character parameter. ELEM E Value in ETABLE column N for element number E. Entity = ETAB, ENTNUM = 0 (or blank) *GET,Par,ETAB,0,... NCOL MAX Total number of ETABLE columns. NLENG MAX Largest element number defined. Entity = SORT , ENTNUM = 0 (or blank) *GET,Par,SORT,0,... Maximum value of last sorted item (NSORT or ESORT MAX command). Minimum value of last sorted item ( NSORT or ESORT MIN command). IMAX Node/Element number where maximum value occurs. IMIN Node/Element number where minimum value occurs. Entity = SSUM, ENTNUM = 0 (or blank) *GET,Par,SSUM,0,... Value of item Lab from last SSUM command. Valid labels are Lab ITEM the user -defined labels on the ETABLE command. Entity = FSUM, ENTNUM = 0 (or blank) *GET,Par,FSUM,0,...
Entity
Value of item Lab from last FSUM command. Valid labels are file://D:\Documents%20and%20Settings\Administrator\Local%20Settings\Temp\~hh... 20.05.2004
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FX, FY, FZ, MX, MY, MZ, FLOW, HEAT, FLUX, etc. Entity = PATH, ENTNUM = 0 (or blank) *GET,Par,PATH,0,... Maximum value of path item Lab from last path operation. MAX Lab Valid labels are the user-defined labels on the PDEF or PCALC command. MAXPATH Returns the maximum path number defined. Minimum value of path item Lab from last path operation. Lab MIN Valid labels are the user-defined labels on the PDEF or PCALC command. Last value of path item Lab from last path operation. Valid LAST Lab labels are the user-defined labels on the PDEF or PCALC command. Value providing the number of nodes defining the path NODE referenced in the last path operation. Item2 = PATHPT, IT2NUM = n The value of Lab at the nth data Lab ITEM point from the last path operation. Item2 = X,Y,Z, or CSYS. Returns information about the nth n POINT point on the current path. The number of path data points (the length of the data table) NVAL from the last path operation. Item2 = NAME. Returns the name of the nth data set on the n SET current path. NUMPATH Returns the number of paths defined. Entity = PATH, ENTNUM = n (path number) NAME PATH Returns the name of the nth path. = PATH, ENTNUM = 0 (or blank) *GET,Par,KCALC,0,... Value of KI, KII, or KIII stress intensity factor from last K 1,2,3 KCALC command. Entity = INTSRF , ENTNUM = 0 (or blank) *GET,Par,INTSRF,0,... Value of item Lab from last INTSRF,PRES command. Valid Lab PRES labels are FX, FY, FZ, MX, MY, and MZ. Value of item Lab from last INTSRF,TAUW command. Valid Lab TAUW labels are FX, FY, FZ, MX, MY, and MZ. Entity = PLNSOL, ENTNUM = 0 (or blank) *GET,Par,PLNSOL,0,... MAX Maximum value of item in last contour display [ PLNSOL]. MIN Minimum value of item in last contour display [PLNSOL]. Maximum bound value of item in last contour display BMAX [PLNSOL]. Minimum bound value of item in last contour display BMIN [PLNSOL]. Entity = PRERR, ENTNUM = 0 (or blank) *GET,Par,PRERR,0,...
Entity
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SEPC Structural percent error in energy norm [PRERR]. TEPC Thermal percent error in energy norm [PRERR]. SERSM Structural error energy summation [ PRERR]. TERSM Thermal error energy summation [ PRERR]. SENSM Structural energy summation [ PRERR]. TENSM Thermal energy summation [ PRERR]. Entity = SECTION, ENTNUM = component (listed below) *GET,Par,SECTION,... Generate data for section stress results, using PRSECT or PLSECT , before retrieving these items. Valid labels for ENTNUM are MEMBRANE, BENDING, SUM (Membrane+Bending) , PEAK, and TOTAL. (The following items are not stored in the database and the values returned reflect the last quantities generated by PRSECT or PLSECT .) SX, SY, SZ, SXY, Stress component at beginning of path. INSIDE SYZ, SXZ SX, SY, SZ, SXY, CENTER Stress component at midpoint of path. SYZ, SXZ SX, SY, SZ, SXY, Stress component at end of path. OUTSIDE SYZ, SXZ Only MEMBRANE, BENDING, and SUM data are available after a PLSECT command. For Beam Section Results Entity = SECR, ENTNUM = n (element number) *GET,Par,SECR, n,.Item1, IT1NUM, Item2.. Item 2 = MAX, or Item2 =MIN Return highest or lowest S X, XZ, XY component total stress. Item 2 = MAX, or Item2 =MIN Return the highest or lowest EPTO X, XZ, XY component total strain Item 2 = MAX, or Item2 =MIN Return the highest or lowest EPTH X, XZ, XY component thermal strain Item 2 = MAX, or Item2 =MIN Return the highest or lowest EPPL X, XZ, XY component plastic strain Item 2 = MAX, or Item2 =MIN Return the highest or lowest PLWK X, XZ, XY nonlinear item plastic work Item 2 = MAX, or Item2 =MIN Return the highest or lowest EPCR X, XZ, XY component creep strain If the element number (n) is blank, or ALL, find the max or min of all the elements. = INTSRF, ENTNUM = Label *GET,Par,INTSRF,... Valid labels for ENTNUM are PRES, TAUW, and BOTH. FORCE X,Y,Z Force component. MOMENT X,Y,Z Moment component. Entity = TREF, ENTNUM = 0 (or blank) *GET,Par,TREF,... ENER Stored energy. ENUM Trefftz element number. First (or minimum) constraint equation number associated with CEMIN the Trefftz domain. Last (or maximum) constraint equation number associated with
Entity
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G Commands CEMAX NTZN NSFN NSFE *GET - POST26 Items POST26 Items *GET, Par, Entity, ENTNUM, Item1, IT1NUM, Item2, IT2NUM Item1 IT1NUM Description Entity = VARI, ENTNUM = N (variable number) *GET,Par,VARI,N,... (after POST26 data storage). EXTREM VMAX Maximum extreme value " TMAX Time corresponding to VMAX. " VMIN Minimum extreme value (after POST26 data storage). " TMIN Time corresponding to VMIN. " VLAST Last value (after POST26 data storage). " TLAST Time corresponding to VLAST. " CVAR Covariance Real value of variable N at time= t. RTIME t ITIME t Imaginary value of variable N at time= t. RSET Snum Real value of variable N at location Snum. ISET Snum Imaginary value of variable N at location Snum. Entity = VARI, ENTNUM = 0 (or blank) *GET,Par,VARI,0,... (after POST26 data storage) NSETS Number of data sets stored (after POST26 data storage). *GET - OPT Items the Trefftz domain. Number of Trefftz DOFs. Number of nodes on exterior surface. Number of faces on exterior element.
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OPT Items *GET, Par, Entity, ENTNUM, Item1, IT1NUM, Item2, IT2NUM Entity = OPT, ENTNUM = 0 (or blank) *GET,Par,OPT,0,... Item1 IT1NUM Description TOTAL Total number of analysis loops that have been executed. Total number of iterations for the optimization method or tool (i.e., per OPEXE ITER command). FEAS N Feasibility of design set N: 0=infeasible, 1=feasible. Termination condition. For first order [OPTYPE,FIRST] or subproblem approximation [OPTYPE,SUBP] optimization: -1=not converged or not finished TERM (still looping), 0=converged, 1=not converged due to too many sequential infeasible designs; 2=not converged due to too many iterations. For all other optimization methods: -1=not finished (still looping), 3=optimization complete. Best design set. If design is feasible, best design is the one with the lowest value BEST of the objective function. If infeasible, the best design is the one that is closest to being feasible. *GET - Topological Optimization Items
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Topological Optimization Items *GET, Par, Entity, ENTNUM, Item1, IT1NUM, Item2,
IT2NUM
IT1NUM Description Entity = TOPO, ENTNUM = 0 (or blank) *GET,Par,TOPO,0,... ACT Status of topological optimization: 0=off, 1=on TOELEM Total number of elements used for topological optimization. LOADS Number of load cases specified in the TOCOMP command. Current number of iterations performed. The iteration counter retrieved is ITER always one greater than the actual iterations performed because the densities are also one iteration ahead (more current than those you are seeing). MXIT Maximum number of topological optimization iterations allowed. CONV Termination/convergence indicator: 0=not converged, 1=converged. Dimensionality of the topological optimization problem: 0=2D, 1=3D, DIM 2=Shell. KAXI Axisymmetric option within 2-D topological optimization: 0=off, 1=on. POWP Power of power law within axisymmetric option. NEV Total number of eigenvalues considered in topological optimization. TOAC Termination/convergence accuracy. LOWD Lower bound for element densities. NTOC Total number of constraints defined for topological optimization problem. SFLAG Solution approach active: 0=OC, 1=SCP. COMP Compliance value for current iteration. PORV Porous volume value for current iteration. Entity = TOPO, ENTNUM = n (element number) *GET,Par,TOPO, n... Element density used for topological optimization: low value (near 0)=material DENS to be removed, high value (near 1)=material to keep. Entity = TOPO, ENTNUM = n (frequency ID) *GET,Par,TOPO, n... FRQI Individual frequencies for current topological optimization iteration. Entity = TOPO, ENTNUM = n (constraint ID) *GET,Par,TOPO, n... Constraint bounds for topological optimization: FLAG=1 - Lower bound. TCBO FLAG FLAG=2 - Upper bound. Indicate whether bound should be treated as percentage of initial design or as TCBF an absolute value: 0=percentage, 1=absolute. Entity = TOPO, ENTNUM = n (iteration counter) *GET,Par,TOPO, n... TOHO Value of topological objective for specified iteration. TOHC CID Value of topological constraint CID for specified iteration. *GET - Probabilistic Design Pre-Processing Probabilistic Design Pre-Processing Items *GET, Par, Entity, ENTNUM, Item1, IT1NUM,
Item2, IT2NUM
Item1
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Item1 IT1NUM Description Entity = PDS, ENTNUM = 0 (or blank) *GET,Par,PDS,0,... Item2 = START; IT2NUM = N; Name of the analysis file containing the ANLN deterministic model. A character parameter of up to 8 characters, starting at position N, is returned. Use *DIM and *DO to get all 32 characters. Extension of the analysis file containing the deterministic model. A character ANLX parameter of up to 8 characters is returned. Item2 = START; IT2NUM = N; Name of the directory of the analysis file ANLD containing the deterministic model. A character parameter of up to 8 characters, starting at position N, is returned. Use *DIM and *DO to get all 64 characters. ASTP 1 Current setting for Autostop option (0 = disabled, 1 = enabled). 2 Current Autostop mean value accuracy. 3 Current Autostop standard deviation accuracy. 4 Current Autostop convergence checking frequency. Item2 = 0 or blank; IT2NUM = j; Correlation coefficient specified by the user CORR i between the i-th and the j-th random input variable. If no correlation has been specified between these two random variables a value of 0.0 is returned. Name of the current analysis method as specified in the PDMETH command METH (MCS or RSM). A character parameter of up to 8 characters is returned. Number of simulation loops requested as specified in the PDMETH and NSIM PDDMCS, PDLHS , PDBBM , PDCCD or PDUSER commands. NTRP Current total number of defined random output parameters. NTRV Current total number of defined random input variables PAR1 i First distribution parameter of the i-th defined random input variable. PAR2 i Second distribution parameter of the i-th defined random input variable. PAR3 i Third distribution parameter of the i-th defined random input variable. PAR4 i Fourth distribution parameter of the i-th defined random input variable. PLVL 1,2,3,4,5 Current probability levels that are used for the response surface designs. Item2 = START; IT2NUM = N; Name of the i-th defined random output RNAM i parameter. A character parameter of up to 8 characters, starting at position N, is returned. Use *DIM and *DO to get all characters. Name of the current sampling technique as specified in the PDMETH command SAMP (LHS, DIR, USER for MCS, or CCD, BBM, USER for RSM). A character parameter of up to 8 characters is returned. Label of the distribution type of the i-th defined random input variable (BETA, VDIS i EXPO, ..., WEIB). A character parameter of up to 8 characters is returned. Item2 = START; IT2NUM = N; Name of the i-th defined random input variable. A VNAM i character parameter of up to 8 characters, starting at position N, is returned. Use *DIM and *DO to get all characters. *GET - Probabilistic Design Post-Processing Probabilistic Design Post-Processing Items *GET, Par, Entity, ENTNUM, Item1, IT1NUM,
Item2, IT2NUM
Item1 IT1NUM Entity = PDS, ENTNUM = 0 (or blank) *GET,Par,PDS,0,...
Description
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Number of response surface sets that are currently available. Number of probabilistic solution sets that are currently available. This coincides NSOL with the number of probabilistic analyses that are currently done. Entity = PDS, ENTNUM = n (n-th result set) *GET,Par,PDS,n,... The numbering or ordering of the result sets is used as follows: If NSOL is the number of solution sets and NRSS is the number response surface sets then the solution sets are indexed from 1 to NSOL and the response surface sets are indexed from NSOL+1 to NSOL+NRSS. Note that some options listed below apply only to solution sets (i.e., where 1 n NSOL). Name of the analysis method used in the n-th solution set (MCS, RSM). A METH character parameter of up to 8 characters is returned. This applies only to solution sets (i.e., "n" ranges from 1 to NSOL). Number of simulation samples that are available for post-processing in the n-th result set. If the n-th result set is a solution set (i.e., 1 n NSOL) then this is equal to the number of successful (no error occurred) finite element analysis loops NSIM regardless of the probabilistic method used for the solution set. If n points to a response surface set, then this is equal to the number of simulation samples that were performed on the response surfaces included in this response surface set. The probability levels that were used for the response surface designs during the PLVL 1,2,3,4,5 execution of the n-th solution set. This applies only to solution sets (i.e., n ranges from 1 to NSOL). Name of the sampling technique used in the n-th solution set (LHS, DIR, USER for MCS or CCD, BBM, USER for RSM). A character parameter of up to 8 SAMP characters is returned. This applies only to solution sets (i.e., n ranges from 1 to NSOL). Item2 = START; IT2NUM = N; Name of the n-th defined result set. A character RLAB parameter of up to 8 characters, starting at position N, is returned. Use *DIM and *DO to get all characters. *GET - Radiosity Method Items Radiosity Method Items *GET, Par, Entity, ENTNUM, Item1,...... Item1 IT1NUM Description Entity = RAD, ENTNUM = 0 (or blank) *GET,Par,RAD,0,... Value of the average view factor computed from the previous VFQUERY VFAVG command. *GET - Run Statistics Estimator Items Run Statistics Estimator Items *GET, Par,Entity, ENTNUM, Item1, IT1NUM, Item2,
IT2NUM
Item1 IT1NUM Description Entity = RUNST, ENTNUM = 0 (or blank) *GET,Par,RUNST,0,... Generate data using the RSPEED command before retrieving these items: RSPEED MIPS MIPS rating of computer. " SMFLOP Scalar MFLOPS rating of computer. " VMFLOP Vector MFLOPS rating of computer. Entity = RUNST, ENTNUM = 0 (or blank) file://D:\Documents%20and%20Settings\Administrator\Local%20Settings\Temp\~hh... 20.05.2004
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*GET,Par,RUNST,0,... Generate data using the RFILSZ command before retrieving these items: Estimated total size of all files listed in the RFILSZ command RFILSZ TOTAL description. All file sizes are in megabytes. " EMAT Estimated size of element matrices file (.EMAT). " EROT Rotated element matrices file (.EROT). " ESAV Element saved data file (.ESAV). " FULL Assembled global stiffness and mass matrices file (.FULL). " MODE Modal matrices file (.MODE). " RDSP Reduced displacements file (.RDSP). " REDM Reduced structure matrix file (.REDM). " RFRQ Reduced complex displacements file (.RFRQ). " RGEOM Geometry data in results file (.RST, .RTH, or .RMG). " RST Load data in results file (.RST, .RTH, or .RMG). " TRI Triangularized stiffness matrix file (.TRI). Entity = RUNST, ENTNUM = 0 (or blank) *GET,Par,RUNST,0,... Generate data using the RTIMST command before retrieving these items: RTIMST TOTAL Estimated run time (seconds) for total solution. " TFIRST Estimated run time (seconds) for first iteration. " TITER Estimated run time (seconds) for subsequent iteration. " EQPREP Estimated run time (seconds) for element preparation. " SOLVE Estimated run time (seconds) for wavefront solution. " BSUB Estimated run time (seconds) for back substitution. " EIGEN Estimated run time (seconds) for eigenvalue calculation. n Estimated run time (seconds) for element formulation of element type " ELFORM number n. n Estimated run time (seconds) for computation of element results for " ELSTRS element type number n. " NELM n Number of elements defined for element type n. Entity = RUNST, ENTNUM = 0 (or blank) *GET,Par,RUNST,0,... Generate data using the RMEMRY command before retrieving these items: RMEMRY WSREQ Requested work space (Mb) " WSAVAIL Work space obtained (Mb). " DBPSIZE ANSYS database page size (Kb). " DBPDISK Database pages on disk. " DBSIZE ANSYS database space size (Mb). " DBPMEM Database pages in memory. " DBMEM Memory for database pages (Mb). " SCRSIZE ANSYS scratch memory size (Mb). " SCRAVAIL Available scratch memory (Mb). " IOMEM Buffer scratch memory (Mb). " IOPSIZ Binary I/O page size (Kb). " IOBUF Buffers per solution file. " SOLMEMORY Maximum Solution Memory Space Entity = RUNST, ENTNUM = 0 (or blank)
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*GET,Par,RUNST,0,... Generate data using the RWFRNT command before retrieving these items: RWFRNT MAX Estimated maximum wavefront. " RMS Estimated R.M.S. wavefront. " MEAN Estimated mean wavefront. Get functions are described at the beginning of this command (see Notes) and are shown as alternatives to the *GET items where they apply. They are summarized here (grouped by functionality) for convenience. *GET - Get Function Summary "Get Function" Summary *GET, Par, Entity, ENTNUM, Item1, IT1NUM, Item2, IT2NUM Entity Status Get Function Description NSEL(N) Status of node N: -1=unselected, 0=undefined, 1=selected. ESEL(E) Status of element E: -1=unselected, 0=undefined, 1=selected. KSEL(K) Status of keypoint K: -1=unselected, 0=undefined, 1=selected. LSEL(L) Status of line L: -1=unselected, 0=undefined, 1=selected. ASEL(A) Status of area A: -1=unselected, 0=undefined, 1=selected. VSEL(V) Status of volume V: -1=unselected, 0=undefined, 1=selected. Next Selected Entity NDNEXT(N) Next selected node having a node number greater than N. Next selected element having an element number greater than ELNEXT(E) E. Next selected keypoint having a keypoint number greater than KPNEXT(K) K. LSNEXT(L) Next selected line having a line number greater than L. ARNEXT( A) Next selected area having an area number greater than A. VLNEXT( V) Next selected volume having a volume number greater than V. Locations Centroid X-coordinate of element E in global Cartesian CENTRX(E) coordinate system. Centroid is determined from the selected nodes on the element. Centroid Y-coordinate of element E in global Cartesian CENTRY(E) coordinate system. Centroid is determined from the selected nodes on the element. Centroid Z-coordinate of element E in global Cartesian CENTRZ(E) coordinate system. Centroid is determined from the selected nodes on the element. NX(N) X-coordinate of node N in the active coordinate system. NY(N) Y-coordinate of node N in the active coordinate system. NZ(N) Z-coordinate of node N in the active coordinate system. KX(K) X-coordinate of keypoint K in the active coordinate system KY(K) Y-coordinate of keypoint K in the active coordinate system KZ(K) Z-coordinate of keypoint K in the active coordinate system LX(L,LFRAC) X-coordinate of line L at length fraction LFRAC (0.0 to 1.0). LY(L,LFRAC) Y-coordinate of line L at length fraction LFRAC (0.0 to 1.0).
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G Commands LZ(L,LFRAC) LSX(L,LFRAC) LSY(L,LFRAC) LSZ(L,LFRAC) Nearest to Location NODE(X,Y,Z) KP( X,Y,Z) Distances DISTND( N1,N2) DISTKP(K1,K2)
Page 42 of 72 Z-coordinate of line L at length fraction LFRAC (0.0 to 1.0). X slope of line L at length fraction LFRAC (0.0 to 1.0). Y slope of line L at length fraction LFRAC (0.0 to 1.0). Z slope of line L at length fraction LFRAC (0.0 to 1.0). Number of the selected node nearest the X,Y,Z point (in the active coordinate system, lowest number for coincident nodes). Number of the selected keypoint nearest the X,Y,Z point (in the active coordinate system, lowest number for coincident nodes).
Distance between nodes N1 and N2. Distance between keypoints K1 and K2. Distance between the centroid of element E and node N. DISTEN( E,N) Centroid is determined from the selected nodes on the element. Angles (in radians by default -- see the *AFUN command) Subtended angle between two lines (defined by three nodes ANGLEN( N1,N2,N3) where N1 is the vertex node). Default is in radians. Subtended angle between two lines (defined by three keypoints ANGLEK( K1,K2,K3) where K1 is the vertex keypoint). Default is in radians. Nearest to Entity NNEAR(N) Selected node nearest node N. KNEAR(K) Selected keypoint nearest keypoint K. Selected element nearest node N. The element position is ENEARN( N) calculated from the selected nodes. Areas AREAND( N1,N2,N3) Area of the triangle with vertices at nodes N1, N2, and N3. AREAKP(K1,K2,K3) Area of the triangle with vertices at keypoints K1, K2, and K3. Area at node N apportioned from selected elements attached to node N. For 2-D planar solids, returns edge area associated with ARNODE(N) the node. For axisymmetric solids, returns edge surface area associated with the node. For 3-D volumetric solids, returns face area associated with the node. Normals X-direction cosine of the normal to the plane containing nodes NORMNX(N1,N2,N3) N1, N2, and N3. Y-direction cosine of the normal to the plane containing nodes NORMNY(N1,N2,N3) N1, N2, and N3. Z-direction cosine of the normal to the plane containing nodes NORMNZ(N1,N2,N3) N1, N2, and N3. X-direction cosine of the normal to the plane containing NORMKX(K1,K2,K3) keypoints K1, K2, and K3. Y-direction cosine of the normal to the plane containing NORMKY(K1,K2,K3) keypoints K1, K2, and K3. Z-direction cosine of the normal to the plane containing NORMKZ(K1,K2,K3) keypoints K1, K2, and K3. Connectivity Element connected to node N. LOC is the position in the file://D:\Documents%20and%20Settings\Administrator\Local%20Settings\Temp\~hh... 20.05.2004
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Page 43 of 72 resulting list when many elements share the node. A zero is returned at the end of the list. Node number in position NPOS (1--20) of element E. Element adjacent to a face ( FACE) of element E. The face number is the same as the surface load key number. Only elements of the same dimensionality and shape are considered. A -1 is returned if more than one is adjacent. Node in position LOC of a face number FACE of element E. The face number is the same as the surface load key number. LOC is the nodal position on the face (for an IJLK face, LOC=1 is at node I, 2 is at node J, etc.) Face number of element E containing the selected nodes. The face number output is the surface load key. If multiple load keys occur on a face (such as for line and area elements) the lowest load key for that face is output. For 2-D planar solids and 3-D volumetric solids, returns the area of the face of element E containing the selected nodes. For axisymmetric elements, the area is the full (360 degree) area.
ENEXTN( N,LOC) NELEM(E,NPOS) Faces ELADJ( E,FACE)
NDFACE(E,FACE,LOC)
NMFACE(E)
ARFACE(E)
Degree of Freedom Results UX(N) UX structural displacement at node N. UY(N) UY structural displacement at node N. UZ(N) UZ structural displacement at node N. ROTX(N) ROTX structural rotation at node N. ROTY( N) ROTY structural rotation at node N. ROTZ( N) ROTZ structural rotation at node N. TEMP( N) Temperature at node N. PRES( N) Pressure at node N. VX(N) VX fluid velocity at node N. VY(N) VY fluid velocity at node N. VZ(N) VZ fluid velocity at node N. ENKE(N) Turbulent kinetic energy (FLOTRAN) at node N. ENDS( N) Turbulent energy dissipation (FLOTRAN) at node N. VOLT(N) Electric potential at node N. MAG(N) Magnetic scalar potential at node N. AX(N) AX magnetic vector potential at node N. AY(N) AY magnetic vector potential at node N. AZ(N) AZ magnetic vector potential at node N. Returns information about the data base manager VIRTINQR(1) Number of pages in core. VIRTINQR(4) Page size in integer words. VIRTINQR(7) Maximum number of pages allowed on disk. VIRTINQR(8) Number of read/write operations on .page. VIRTINQR(9) Maximum record number on .page. VIRTINQR(11) Maximum pages touched. Returns the current value of ANSYS filtering keywords.
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Returns the current value the keyword specified by KWGET(KEYWORD) KEYWORD. See the ANSYS UIDL Programmer's Guidefor a list of keywords and values. Character String Functions Strings must be dimensioned (see *DIM) as a character parameter or enclosed in single apostrophes ('char'). Functions which return a double precision value of a numeric character string. VALCHR( a8) a8 is a decimal value expressed in a string. VALOCT ( a8) a8 is an octal value expressed in a string. VALHEX( a8) a8 is a hex value expressed in a string. Functions which return an 8 character string of a numeric value. CHRVAL ( dp) dp is a double precision variable. CHROCT ( dp) dp is an integer value. CHRHEX( dp) dp is an integer value. Functions which manipulate strings: StrOut is the output string (or character parameter) Str1 and Str2 are input strings. Strings are a maximum of 128 characters. (see *DIM) StrOut = STRSUB (Str1, Get the nChar substring starting at character nLoc in Str1. nLoc,nChar) StrOut = STRCAT(Str1,Str2) Add Str2 at the end of Str1. StrOut = STRFILL(Str1,Str2,nLoc) Add Str2 to Str1 starting at character nLoc. StrOut = STRCOMP(Str1) Remove all blanks from Str1 StrOut = STRLEFT(Str1) Left-justify Str1 nLoc = STRPOS(Str1,Str2) Get starting location of Str2 in Str1. nLoc = STRLENG(Str1) Location of last non-blank character StrOut = UPCASE(Str1) Upper case of Str1 StrOut = LWCASE(Str1) Lower case of Str1 The following functions manipulate file names. Path String = JOIN Produces a contiguous pathstring. e.g. directory/filename.ext ('directory','filename','extension') Path String = JOIN Produces a contiguous pathstring. e.g. directory/filename ('directory','filename') SPLIT('PathString', 'DIR') Produces a separate output of the directory from the pathstring. Produces a separate output of the complete filename (with SPLIT('PathString', 'FILE') extension) from the pathstring. SPLIT('PathString', 'NAME') Produces a separate output of the filename from the pathstring. Produces a separate output of the file extension from the SPLIT('PathString', 'EXT') pathstring.
Menu Paths
Main Menu>Preprocessor>Loads>Delete>Section Main Menu>Solution>Delete>Section Utility Menu>Parameters>Get Scalar Data
Prev
Next
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G Commands GEOMETRY Prev /GFILE G Commands
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/GFILE
Name
/GFILE, SIZE Specifies the pixel resolution on Z-buffered graphics files. group: GRAPHICS:Set Up product: MP ME ST DY PR EM FL PP ED
SIZE
Pixel resolution. Defaults to a pixel resolution of 800. Valid values are from 256 to 2400.
Command Default
800 pixels (600 pixels for NT)
Notes
Defines the pixel resolution on subsequently written graphics files (Jobname.GRPH) for software Zbuffered displays [/TYPE]. Lowering the pixel resolution produces a "fuzzier" image; increasing the resolution produces a "sharper" image but takes a little longer. This command is valid in any processor.
Menu Paths
Utility Menu>PlotCtrls>Redirect Plots>To GRPH File Utility Menu>PlotCtrls>Redirect Plots>To PSCR File
Prev *GET Prev /GFORMAT G Commands
Next /GFORMAT Next
/GFORMAT
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Name
/GFORMAT, Ftype, NWIDTH, DSIGNF Specifies the format for the graphical display of numbers. group: GRAPHICS:Labeling product: MP ME ST DY PR EM FL PP ED
Ftype
FORTRAN format types (G is the default if this field is left blank.) G -Gxx.yy. xx and yy are described below. F -Fxx.yy E -Exx.yy
NWIDTH
Total width (12 maximum) of the field (the xx in Ftype). Defaults to 12.
DSIGNF
Number of digits after the decimal point ( yy in F or E format) or number of significant digits in G format. Range is 1 to xx-6 for Ftype = G or E; and 0 to xx-3 for Ftype = F. The default is a function of Ftype and NWIDTH.
Notes
Lets you control the format of the graphical display of floating point numbers. Issue /GFORMAT,STAT to display the current settings; issue /GFORMAT,DEFA to let ANSYS choose the format for the graphical display of floating numbers. This command is valid in any processor.
Menu Paths
Utility Menu>PlotCtrls>Style>Floating Point Format
Prev /GFILE
Next /GLINE
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Prev
Next
/GLINE
Name
/GLINE, WN, STYLE Specifies the element outline style. group: GRAPHICS:Style product: MP ME ST DY PR EM FL PP ED
WN

STYLE
Outline key: 0 -Solid element outlines (default) 1 -Dashed element outlines -1 -No element outlines
Command Default
Solid element outlines
Notes
Determines the element outline style. Often used when node numbers are displayed to prevent element lines from overwriting node numbers. Unless you are using an OpenGL or Starbase driver, the dashed element outline option (GLINE ,WN,1) is not available in the following situations:
?
Z-buffered displays (/TYPE,WN,6).
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?
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Capped Z-buffered displays (/TYPE,WN,7). Qslice Z-buffered displays (/TYPE,WN,8).
Menu Paths
Utility Menu>PlotCtrls>Style>Edge Options
Prev /GFORMAT Prev /GMARKER G Commands
Next /GMARKER Next
/GMARKER
Name
/GMARKER, CURVE, KEY, INCR Specifies the curve marking style. group: GRAPHICS:Style product: MP ME ST DY PR EM FL PP ED
CURVE
Curve number markers will be applied on (integer value between 1 and 10).
KEY
Marker key: 0 -No markers will be applied (default). 1 -TRIANGLES will be applied. 2 -SQUARES will be applied. 3 --
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G Commands DIAMONDS will be applied. 4 -CROSSES will be applied.

INCR
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Determines the curve marking frequency. (a whole number value between 1 and 255). If INCR = 1, markers are displayed at every data point on the curve. If INCR = 2 then markers are displayed at every second data point. If INCR = 3 then they are displayed at every third data point.
Command Default
No markers will be applied.
Notes
The user-specified markers will not be drawn when the area under the curve is color-filled (/GROPT, FILL).
Menu Paths
Utility Menu>PlotCtrls>Style>Graphs>Modify Curve
Prev /GLINE Prev GMFACE G Commands
Next GMFACE Next
GMFACE
Name
GMFACE, Lab, N Specifies the facet representation used to form solid models. group: GRAPHICS:Style product: MP ME ST DY PR EM FL PP ED
Lab
Valid Labels: FINE -file://D:\Documents%20and%20Settings\Administrator\Local%20Settings\Temp\~hh... 20.05.2004
G Commands Value that determines how coarse the facets will be.
N
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An integer value between one (small) and ten (large) that determines the tolerances that will be applied to the creation of arcs and surfaces. Ten will create many facets, which may in turn cause ANSYS to run very slowly. One will create fewer facets, which may in turn cause larger tolerance errors.
Menu Paths
Utility Menu>PlotCtrls>Style>Solid Model Facets
Prev /GMARKER Prev *GO G Commands
Next *GO Next
*GO
Name
*GO, Base Causes a specified line on the input file to be read next. group: APDL:Process Controls product: MP ME ST DY PR EM FL PP ED
Base
"Go to" action: :label -A user-defined label (beginning with a colon (:), 8 characters maximum). The command reader will skip (and wrap to the beginning of the file, if necessary) to the first line that begins with the matching : label.
Caution
Caution: This label option may not be mixed with do-loop or if-then-else constructs. STOP -This action will cause an exit from the ANSYS program at this line.
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Command Default
Read lines sequentially.
Notes
Causes the next read to be from a specified line on the input file. Lines may be skipped or re-read. The *GO command will not be executed unless it is part of a macro, user file (processed by *USE), an alternate input file (processed by /INPUT), or unless it is used in a batch-mode input stream. Jumping into, out of, or within a do-loop or an if-then-else construct to a : label line is not allowed. This command is valid in any processor.
Menu Paths
Prev GMFACE Prev /GO G Commands
Next /GO Next
/GO
Name
/GO Reactivates suppressed printout. group: SESSION:List Controls product: MP ME ST DY PR EM FL PP ED
Notes
Reactivates printout suppressed with the /NOPR command without producing any output. The /GOPR command has the same function except that it also produces a command response from the program. This command is valid in any processor.
Menu Paths
Prev
Next
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G Commands *GO Prev /GOLIST G Commands
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/GOLIST
Name
/GOLIST Reactivates the suppressed data input listing. group: SESSION:List Controls product: MP ME ST DY PR EM FL PP ED
Notes
Reactivates printout of the data input listing suppressed with /NOLIST. This command is valid in any processor, but only within a batch run [/BATCH ].
Menu Paths
Prev /GO Prev /GOPR G Commands
Next /GOPR Next
/GOPR
Name
/GOPR Reactivates suppressed printout. group: SESSION:List Controls product: MP ME ST DY PR EM FL PP ED
Notes
Reactivates printout suppressed with the /NOPR command. The /GO command has the same function except that it does not produce a command response from the program.
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G Commands This command is valid in any processor.
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Menu Paths
Prev /GOLIST Prev GP G Commands
Next GP Next
GP
Name
GP, NODE1, NODE2, Lab, STIF, GAP, DAMP Defines a gap condition for transient analyses. group: SOLUTION:Gap Conditions product: MP ME ST PR PP ED
NODE1
Node I of gap. If NODE1 = P, graphical picking is enabled and all remaining command fields are ignored (valid only in the GUI).
NODE2
Node J of gap (must be different from NODE1). Non-grounded gap nodes must be defined as master degrees of freedom or be unconstrained, active DOF in a full analysis type. Grounded gap nodes (those not defined as MDOF) need not appear elsewhere in the model.
Lab
Direction of gap action in the nodal coordinate system (implied from the following force labels): FX, FY, FZ, MX, MY, MZ.
STIF
Stiffness (Force/Length) of closed gap (may be positive or negative).
Note
High stiffness requires a small integration time step for numerical stability.
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GAP
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Initial size of gap. A zero (or positive) value assumes an initially open gap. A negative value defines an interference condition. For a rotational gap, GAP should be in radians.
DAMP
Damping coefficient (Force*Time/Length) of closed gap using pseudo velocity (Newmark finite difference expansion scheme).
Notes
Defines a gap condition for the reduced or mode superposition transient (ANTYPE,TRANS) analysis. If used in SOLUTION, this command is valid only within the first load step. Repeat GP command for additional gap conditions. Gaps are numbered sequentially as input.
Note
Note--Gaps may be renumbered by the program during the solution (see output listing) The reduced or mode superposition transient analysis (ANTYPE,TRANS and TRNOPT,REDUC or MSUP) does not allow gap action with the standard ANSYS gap elements. Gap conditions, however, producing the same effect, may be defined. The gap condition simulates the basic gap action of the COMBIN40 element. The gap condition is treated as an explicit force (equal to the interference times contact stiffness) and affects only the load vector calculation and not the reduced stiffness matrix. The interference is calculated from the displacement extrapolated from the previous time points. A gap condition may be defined between a master degree of freedom and ground or another master degree of freedom. When a non-reduced mode extraction method is used, a master degree of freedom implies an unconstrained, active degree of freedom. Gap nodes not defined as master degrees of freedom or attached to an element are assumed to be grounded. Grounded gap nodes need not be given a spatial location nor do they need to be located on an element. Gap conditions may be defined in parallel (across the same nodes), with varying gap and stiffness values, to simulate a nonlinear (piecewise) force-deflection curve. The gap direction is determined from the force label input on the GP command, i.e., FX defines a translational gap acting in the UX nodal degree of freedom direction, and MZ defines a rotational gap acting in the nodal ROTZ degree of freedom direction. The actual degree of freedom directions available for a particular node depends upon the degrees of freedom associated with the element types [ET] at that node. For example, degrees of freedom available with BEAM3 elements are UX, UY, and ROTZ only (so that only gap labels FX, FY, and MZ are valid). If the coordinate systems of the nodes connecting the gap are rotated relative to each other, the same degree of freedom may be in different directions. The gap, however, assumes only a one-dimensional action. Nodes I and J may be anywhere in space (preferably coincident). No moment effects are included due to noncoincident nodes. That is, if the nodes are offset from the line of action, moment equilibrium may not be satisfied. The contact stiffness value represents the stiffness of the closed gap. Stiffness values are related to the integration time step size and should be physically reasonable. High stiffness will require a small integration time step, otherwise, due to the displacement extrapolation, the solution may go unstable. Negative stiffness values may be used with gaps in parallel to produce a decreasing force-deflection
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The gap conditions, if any, should be defined in the first load step. Appearances in succeeding load steps are ignored. The order of specifying the gap nodes is important, i.e., a gap condition connecting two nodes will act differently depending upon which node is specified first on the GP command. For example, for Node 1 at X = 0.0, Node 2 at X = 0.1, and the gap defined from Node 1 to 2, a displacement of Node 1 greater than Node 2 will cause the gap to close. For the gap defined from Node 2 to 1, a displacement of Node 2 greater than Node 1 will cause the gap to close (like a hook action). In general, the gap closes whenever the separation (defined as UJ - UI + GAP) is negative. UJ is the displacement of node J, UI is the displacement of node I,and GAP is the input gap value. The gap force output appears in the printout only for the time steps for which the gap is closed. A negative spring force is always associated with a closed gap (even with the hook option). The nonlinear gap damping provided through the DAMP field runs faster than a full transient analysis using a gap element (COMBIN40). Only ANTYPE = TRANS and TRNOPT = MSUP allow the nonlinear gap damping action. Damping conditions are ignored for the reduced transient analysis method. This command is also valid in PREP7.
Menu Paths
Main Menu>Preprocessor>Loads>Dynamic Gap Cond>Define Main Menu>Solution>Dynamic Gap Cond>Define
Prev /GOPR Prev GPDELE G Commands
Next GPDELE Next
GPDELE
Name
GPDELE, GAP1, GAP2, GINC Deletes gap conditions. group: SOLUTION:Gap Conditions product: MP ME ST PR PP ED
GAP1, GAP2, GINC
Delete gap conditions from GAP1 to GAP2 (defaults to GAP1) in steps of GINC (defaults to 1).
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Notes
Deletes gap conditions defined with the GP command. Gap conditions following those deleted are automatically compressed and renumbered. If used in SOLUTION, this command is valid only within the first load step. This command is also valid in PREP7.
Menu Paths
Main Menu>Preprocessor>Loads>Dynamic Gap Cond>Delete Main Menu>Solution>Dynamic Gap Cond>Delete
Prev GP Prev GPLIST G Commands
Next GPLIST Next
GPLIST
Name
GPLIST, GAP1, GAP2, GINC Lists the gap conditions. group: SOLUTION:Gap Conditions product: MP ME ST PR PP ED
GAP1, GAP2, GINC
List gap conditions from GAP1 to GAP2 ( GAP2 defaults to GAP1) in steps of GINC (defaults to 1). If GAP1 = ALL (default), GAP2 and GINC are ignored and all gap conditions are listed.
Notes
Menu Paths
Main Menu>Preprocessor>Loads>Dynamic Gap Cond>List All Main Menu>Preprocessor>Loads>Dynamic Gap Cond>List Specified Main Menu>Solution>Dynamic Gap Cond>List All Main Menu>Solution>Dynamic Gap Cond>List Specified
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G Commands Utility Menu>List>Other>Gap Conditions
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Prev GPDELE Prev GPLOT G Commands
Next GPLOT Next
GPLOT
Name
GPLOT Controls general plotting. group: GRAPHICS:Set Up product: MP ME ST DY PR EM FL PP ED
Notes
This command displays all entity types as specified via the /GTYPE command. Only selected entities (NSEL, ESEL, KSEL, LSEL, ASEL, VSEL) will be displayed. See the descriptions of the /GTYPE and /GCMD commands for methods of setting the entity types displayed. This command is valid in any processor.
Menu Paths
Utility Menu>Plot>Multi-Plots
Prev GPLIST Prev /GRAPHICS G Commands
Next /GRAPHICS Next
/GRAPHICS
Name
/GRAPHICS, Key Defines the type of graphics display. group: GRAPHICS:Set Up product: MP ME ST DY PR EM FL PP ED
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Key
Graphics key: FULL -Display all model geometry and results. POWER -Activate PowerGraphics (default when GUI is on).
Command Default
PowerGraphics ON ( Key = POWER).
Notes
The /GRAPHICS command specifies the type of graphics display. Key = POWER activates the PowerGraphics capability. PowerGraphics offers faster plotting than the Key = FULL option, and speeds up element, results, area, line, and volume displays. Results values (both printed and plotted) may differ between the Key = FULL and Key = POWER options because each option specifies a different set of data for averaging and display. For Key = FULL, all element and results values (interior and surface) are included. For Key = POWER, only element and results values along the model exterior surface are processed.
Caution
Caution: If you have specified one facet per element edge for PowerGraphics displays (via the /EFACET command or via choices from the General Postproc or Utility Menus), PowerGraphics does not plot midside nodes. The /EFACET command is only applicable to element type displays. (See the descriptions of these commands for more information.) Maximum values shown in plots can differ from printed maximum values. This is due to different averaging schemes used for plotted and printed maximum values. PowerGraphics displays do not average at geometric discontinuities. The printouts in PowerGraphics will, however, provide averaging information at geometric discontinuities if the models do not contain shell elements. Carefully inspect the data you obtain at geometric discontinuities.
Note
In Full Graphics mode, it is possible to deselect an individual node, select all elements (including the element that contains that node), and then perform postprocessing calculations on those elements and have that unselected node not be considered in those calculations. However, if PowerGraphics is active, postprocessing always displays based on selected elements.
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Commands that are not supported by PowerGraphics are listed below. These commands are executed using the Key = FULL option, regardless of whether PowerGraphics is activated. Only certain options for /CTYPE, , /EDGE, /ESHAPE , *GET, /PNUM, /PSYMB, RSYS, SHELL , and *VGET are not supported by PowerGraphics. (See the descriptions of these commands for more information.) /CTYPE DNSOL /EDGE ERNORM ESORT ESYS *GET LAYER /NORMAL NSEL NSORT /PBF PLCRACK PLETAB PLLS PLSECT /PNUM PRETAB SHELL PRSECT /SSCALE PRVECT /SHRINK /PSYMB TALLOW RSYS *VGET SALLOW *VPUT
Menu Paths
Prev GPLOT Prev /GRESUME G Commands
Next /GRESUME Next
/GRESUME
Name
/GRESUME, Fname, Ext, Dir Sets graphics settings to the settings on a file. group: GRAPHICS:Set Up product: MP ME ST DY PR EM FL PP ED
Fname
Ext
Filename extension (8 character maximum). The extension defaults to GSAV if Fname is blank.
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Dir
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Notes
Causes a file to be read to reset the graphics slash (/) commands as they were at the last /GSAVE command. This command is valid in any processor.
Menu Paths
Utility Menu>PlotCtrls>Restore Plot Ctrls
Prev /GRAPHICS Prev /GRID G Commands
Next /GRID Next
/GRID
Name
/GRID, KEY Selects the type of grid on graph displays. group: GRAPHICS:Graphs product: MP ME ST DY PR EM FL PP ED
KEY
Grid key: 0 (OFF) -No grid. 1 (ON) -Full grid (X and Y grid lines). 2 (X) -Partial grid (X grid lines only).
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G Commands 3 (Y) -Partial grid (Y grid lines only)
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Command Default
No grid.
Notes
Selects the type of grid on graph displays. Graphs with multiple Y-axes can have multiple grids [/GRTYP ]. The grid of the first curve is also used as the background grid (above and behind the curve). Grids for other curves are limited to be under the curves. See also /GTHK and /GROPT for other grid options. This command is valid in any processor.
Menu Paths
Utility Menu>PlotCtrls>Style>Graphs>Modify Grid
Prev /GRESUME Prev /GROPT G Commands
Next /GROPT Next
/GROPT
Name
/GROPT, Lab, KEY Sets various line graph display options. group: GRAPHICS:Graphs product: MP ME ST DY PR EM FL PP ED
Lab
Apply display style as selected from the following labels: AXDV -Axis division (tick) marks (defaults to KEY = ON). AXNM --
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Axis scale numbers (defaults to KEY = ON, which puts numbers at the back plane of the graph). If KEY = FRONT, numbers are on the front plane of the graph. AXNSC -Axis number size scale factor. Input the scale value for KEY (defaults to 1.0). ASCAL -Automatic scaling of additional Y-axes for multi-curve [/GRTYP , 2 or 3] graphs (defaults to KEY = ON). If KEY = OFF, use base Y-axis scaling (see the /YRANGE command). LOGX -Log X scale (defaults to KEY = OFF (linear)). LOGY -Log Y scale (applies only to the base Y axis) (defaults to KEY = OFF (linear)). FILL -Color fill areas under curves (defaults to KEY = OFF). CGRID -Superimpose background grid [/GRID] over areas under filled curves (defaults to KEY = OFF). DIG1 -Number of significant digits before decimal point for axis values. Input the value for KEY (defaults to 4). DIG2 -Number of significant digits after decimal point for axis values. Input the value for KEY (defaults to 3). VIEW -View key for graph displays (defaults to KEY = OFF, in which case the view is (0,0,1) for 2-D graph displays or (1,2,3) for 3-D graph displays). If KEY = ON, the view settings for graph displays are the same as the view settings for the model. REVX -Plots the values on the X-axis in reverse order. REVY -Plots the values on the Y-axis in reverse order. file://D:\Documents%20and%20Settings\Administrator\Local%20Settings\Temp\~hh... 20.05.2004
G Commands DIVX --
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Determines the number of divisions (grid markers) that will be plotted on the X axis. DIVY -Determines the number of divisions (grid markers) that will be plotted on the Y axis. LTYP -Determines whether ANSYS generated ( KEY = 1) or system derived ( KEY = 0) fonts will be used for the axis labels. CURL -Determines the postion of the curve labels. If ( KEY = 1), the curve label will be plotted in the legend column, and the label will be displayed in the same color as the curve. If ( KEY = 0) the curve labels will be plotted near the curve. (default). XAXO -When you use this label, the subsequent KEY value will determine an offset amount from the default (along the bottom) location for the X axis. If KEY = 1.0, a full offset occurs (the X axis is moved to the top of the graph). If KEY = 0.5, the axis is offset to the midpoint of the graph, and if KEY = 0 the axis remains in the original position, along the bottom of the graph. For any offset, a grey copy of the original axis (containing the axis numbering) remains at the original location. YAXO -When you use this label, the subsequent KEY value will determine an offset amount from the default (along the left side of the graph) location for the Y axis. If KEY = 1.0, a full offset occurs (the Y axis is moved to the right side of the graph). If KEY = 0.5, the axis is offset to the midpoint of the graph, and if KEY = 0 the axis remains in the original position, along the left side of the graph. For any offset, a gray copy of the original axis (containing the axis numbering) remains at the original location.
KEY
Option values: OFF (0) -Do not apply selected style. ON (1) -Apply selected style.
nnnn
-If Lab is DIG1 or DIG2, input the number of digits.
nn
--
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G Commands If Lab is AXNSC, input the scale factor. FRONT -If Lab is AXNM, FRONT may also be input. Ndiv --
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If Lab is DIVX or DIVY, determines the number of divisions (1-99) that will be applied to the axis. Kfont -If Lab is LTYP, Kfont is ON (1) or OFF(0). ON will use ANSYS generated fonts for the axis labels, while OFF will use SYSTEM (Windows, X-system, etc.) fonts. The default value is ON (ANSYS fonts).
Notes
Sets various line graph display options. Issue /GROPT, STAT to display the current settings. Issue /GROPT, DEFA to reset the default specifications. ANSYS informs you that graph view manipulation is inactive unless you have issued the /GROPT,VIEW,ON command. See the /AXLAB, /GRTYP, /GRID , and /GTHK commands for other graph control options. This command is valid in any processor.
Menu Paths
Utility Menu>PlotCtrls>Style>Graphs>Modify Axes Utility Menu>PlotCtrls>Style>Graphs>Modify Curve Utility Menu>PlotCtrls>Style>Graphs>Modify Grid
Prev /GRID Prev GRP G Commands
Next GRP Next
GRP
Name
GRP, SIGNIF, Label Specifies the grouping mode combination method. group: SOLUTION:Spectrum Options product: MP ME ST PR PP ED
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SIGNIF
Label
Notes
The SIGNIF value set with this command (including the default value of 0.001) overrides the SIGNIF value set with the MXPAND command. This command is also valid for PREP7.
Menu Paths
Prev /GROPT Prev /GRTYP G Commands
Next /GRTYP Next
/GRTYP
G Commands
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Name
/GRTYP, KAXIS Selects single or multiple Y-axes graph displays. group: GRAPHICS:Graphs product: MP ME ST DY PR EM FL PP ED
KAXIS
Axis selection key: 0 or 1 -Single Y-axis. Up to 10 curves scaled to a single Y-axis. 2 -Additional Y-axes (one for each curve) (3 curves maximum). Allows better scaling of curves with widely differing numbering ranges. 3 -Same as 2 but with additional Y-axis and curves projected out of the plane (6 curves maximum). Allows clearer display with an isometric view. The default view when KAXIS = 3 is View,1,1,2,3.
Command Default
Single Y-axis graph (except as noted for selection key 3).
Notes
The basic line graph has one or more curves plotted against the same Y and X axes. Multiple curve graphs can also be plotted with individual Y axes and the same X axis. The Y axis of the first curve is referred to as the base Y-axis and the Y axes of the other curves as additional Y axes. Curves are numbered sequentially from 1 (the base curve) in the order in which they are displayed. See the /AXLAB, /GROPT, /GRID , and /GTHK commands for other display options. This command is valid in any processor.
Menu Paths
Utility Menu>PlotCtrls>Style>Graphs>Modify Axes
Prev GRP /GSAVE
Next /GSAVE
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G Commands Prev G Commands
Page 67 of 72 Next
/GSAVE
Name
/GSAVE , Fname, Ext, Dir Saves graphics settings to a file for later use. group: GRAPHICS:Set Up product: MP ME ST DY PR EM FL PP ED
Fname
Ext
Filename extension (8 character maximum). The extension defaults to GSAV if Fname is blank.
Dir
Notes
This command does not save all graphics settings, but only those that may be reset by the /RESET command. The database remains untouched. Use the /GRESUME command to read the file. Repeated use of the /GSAVE command overwrites the previous data on the file. The following commands are saved by /GSAVE : /ANGLE /AXLAB /CLABEL /COLOR /CONTOUR /CPLANE /CTYPE /CVAL /DIST /DSCALE /EDGE /ESHAPE /FOCUS /GCMD /GLINE /GRID /GROPT /GRTYP /GTHCK /GTYPE /LIGHT /NORMAL /NUMBER /PBC /PLOPTS /PNUM /PSF /PSYMB /VSCALE /RATIO /VUP /SHRINK /WINDOW /SSCALE /XRANGE /TRIAD /YRANGE /TRLCY /TYPE /VCONE /VIEW
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G Commands This command is valid in any processor.
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Menu Paths
Utility Menu>PlotCtrls>Save Plot Ctrls
Prev /GRTYP Prev /GST G Commands
Next /GST Next
/GST
Name
/GST, Lab Turns Graphical Solution Tracking (GST) on or off. group: SOLUTION:Nonlinear Options product: MP ME ST PR EM FL PP ED
Lab
Determines whether the Graphical Solution Tracking feature is active. Specify ON to activate GST, or OFF to deactivate the feature.
Notes
For interactive runs using the GUI [/MENU ,ON] or graphics [/MENU,GRPH] mode, ANSYS directs GST graphics to the screen. For interactive sessions not using GUI or graphics mode, or for batch sessions, GST graphics are saved in the ANSYS graphics file Jobname.GST. The GST feature is available only for nonlinear structural, thermal, electric, magnetic, fluid, or CFD simulations. For more information about this feature and illustrations of the GST graphics for each analysis type, see the ANSYS Analysis Guide for the appropriate discipline. See also the CNVTOL command description. The GST feature is also available for a p-method electrostatic analysis. For interactive sessions with the p-method electrostatic preference set, ANSYS directs the GST graphics to the screen.
Menu Paths
Main Menu>Preprocessor>Loads>Output Ctrls>Grph Solu Track Main Menu>Solution>Output Ctrls>Grph Solu Track
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Prev /GSAVE Prev GSUM G Commands
Next GSUM Next
GSUM
Name
GSUM Calculates and prints geometry items. group: PREP7:Keypoints PREP7:Lines PREP7:Areas PREP7:Volumes product: MP ME ST DY PR EM FL PP ED
Notes
Calculates and prints geometry items (centroid location, moments of inertia, length, area, volume etc.) associated with the selected keypoints, lines, areas, and volumes. Geometry items are reported in the global Cartesian coordinate system. For volumes, a unit density is assumed unless the volumes have a material association via the VATT command. For areas, a unit density (and thickness) is assumed unless the areas have a material (and real constant) association via the AATT command. For lines and keypoints, a unit density is assumed, irrespective of any material associations [LATT , KATT, MAT]. Items calculated by GSUM and later retrieved by a *GET or *VGET commands are valid only if the model is not modified after the GSUM command is issued. This command combines the functions of the KSUM, LSUM, ASUM, and VSUM commands.
Menu Paths
Main Menu>Preprocessor>Operate>Calc Geom Items>Of Geometry
Prev /GST Prev /GTHK G Commands
Next /GTHK Next
/GTHK
Name
/GTHK, Label, THICK Sets line thicknesses for graph lines. group: GRAPHICS:Graphs
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G Commands product: MP ME ST DY PR EM FL PP ED
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Label
Apply thicknesses as selected from the following labels: AXIS -Modify thickness of ordinate and abscissa axes on graph displays. GRID -Modify thickness of grid lines on graph displays. CURVE -Modify thickness of curve lines (when no area fill [/GROPT]).
THICK
Thickness ratio (whole numbers only, from -1 to 10): -1 -Do not draw the curve, but show only the markers specified by /GMARKER. 0 or 1 -Thin lines. 2 -The default thickness. 3 -1.5 times the default thickness. etc. -(up to 10)
Notes
Sets line thicknesses for graph lines (in raster mode only). Use /GTHK, STAT to show settings. This command is valid in any processor.
Menu Paths
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G Commands Utility Menu>PlotCtrls>Style>Graphs>Modify Curve Utility Menu>PlotCtrls>Style>Graphs>Modify Grid
Page 71 of 72
Prev GSUM Prev /GTYPE G Commands
Next /GTYPE Next
/GTYPE
Name
/GTYPE , WN, LABEL, KEY Controls the entities that the GPLOT command displays. group: GRAPHICS:Set Up product: MP ME ST DY PR EM FL PP ED
WN
Window number (or ALL) to which this command applies (defaults to 1)

LABEL
This represents the type of entity to display: NODE -Nodes ELEM -Elements KEYP -Keypoints LINE -Lines AREA -Areas VOLU -file://D:\Documents%20and%20Settings\Administrator\Local%20Settings\Temp\~hh... 20.05.2004
G Commands Volumes GRPH -Graph displays

KEY
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Switch: 0 -Turns the entity type off. 1 -Turns the entity type on.
Notes
The /GTYPE command controls which entities the GPLOT command displays. NODE, ELEM, KEYP, LINE, AREA, and VOLU are on by default. When ELEM is activated, you can control the type of element displayed via the /GCMD command (which also controls the type of graph display). When the GRPH entity type is activated, all other entity types are deactivated. Conversely, when any of the NODE, ELEM, KEYP, LINE, AREA, and VOLU entity types are active, the GRPH entity type is deactivated. The /GTYPE command gives you several options for multi-window layout:
?
One window Two windows (left and right or top and bottom of the screen) Three windows (two at the top and one at the bottom of the screen, or one top and two bottom windows Four windows (two at the top and two at the bottom)
Once you choose a window layout, you can choose one of the following: multiple plots, replotting, or no redisplay. This command is valid in any processor.
Menu Paths
Utility Menu>PlotCtrls>Multi-Plot Contrls Utility Menu>PlotCtrls>Multi-Plot Contrls
Prev /GTHK
Next H Commands
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H Commands H Commands ANSYS Commands Reference
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Prev
Next
H Commands
Table of Contents HARFRQ /HEADER HELP HELPDISP HEMIOPT HFANG HFEIGOPT HFNEAR HFPORT HFSCAT HFSWEEP HFSYM HMAGSOLV HPGL HPTCREATE HPTDELETE HRCPLX HREXP HROPT HROUT
Prev /GTYPE Prev HARFRQ H Commands
Next HARFRQ Next
HARFRQ
Name
HARFRQ, FREQB, FREQE Defines the frequency range in the harmonic response analysis. group: SOLUTION:Dynamic Options product: MP ME ST PR EM PP ED
H Commands
FREQB
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Frequency (Hz) at the beginning of the FREQB to FREQE range (if FREQE > FREQB). If FREQE is blank, the solution is done only at frequency FREQB .
FREQE
Frequency at end of this range. Solutions are done at an interval of ( FREQE-FREQB)/NSBSTP, ending at FREQE. No solution is done at the beginning of the frequency range. NSBSTP is input on the NSUBST command. See EXPSOL for expansion pass solutions.
Notes
Defines the frequency range for loads in the harmonic response analysis (ANTYPE,HARMIC). This command is also valid in PREP7.
Menu Paths
Main Menu>Preprocessor>Loads>Time/Frequenc>Freq and Substps Main Menu>Solution>Time/Frequenc>Freq and Substps
Prev H Commands Prev /HEADER H Commands
Next /HEADER Next
/HEADER
Name
/HEADER, Header, Stitle, Idstmp, Notes, Colhed, Minmax Sets page and table heading print controls. group: POST1:Listing product: MP ME ST DY PR EM FL PP ED
Header
ANSYS page header (system, date, time, version, copyright, title, etc.): ON -Turns this item on (default for batch mode; not available for interactive mode).
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H Commands OFF -Turns this item off. (blank) -Retains the previous setting.
Stitle
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Subtitles (see /STITLE command): ON, OFF, or (blank) (see above).

Idstmp
Load step information (step number, substep number, time value): ON, OFF, or (blank) (see above).
Notes
Information relative to particular table listings: ON, OFF, or (blank) (see above).
Colhed
Column header labels of table listings (currently only for single column tables): ON, OFF, or (blank) (see above).
Minmax
Minimum/maximum information or totals after table listings: ON, OFF, or (blank) (see above).
Command Default
All specifications are on (batch mode); Header=OFF, all other specifications are on (interactive mode)
Notes
Sets specifications on or off for page and table heading print controls associated with the POST1 PRNSOL, PRESOL, PRETAB, PRRSOL, and PRPATH commands.
Note
If the printout caused a top-of-form (page eject to top of next page), the top-of-form is also suppressed with the printout. Issue /HEADER,STAT to display the current settings. Issue /HEADER,DEFA to reset the default specifications. This command is valid in any processor.
Menu Paths
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H Commands
Page 4 of 29
Prev HARFRQ Prev HELP H Commands
Next HELP Next
HELP
Name
HELP , Name Displays help information on ANSYS commands and element types. group: SESSION:Run Controls product: MP ME ST DY PR EM FL PP ED
Name
Command name or element type. Examples are: HELP ,MP or HELP ,SOLID45 (or HELP ,45). For a list of elements of a particular type, enter HELP ,BEAM, HELP ,SOLID, HELP ,HYPER, etc.
Notes
If Name uniquely matches a command or element name, the description for that command or element will be displayed in the Help Window. For command help, you must type the complete command name (including the * or /). The help system cannot find partial matches. If * is used at the beginning of the string, it will be interpreted as an ANSYS * command. For help on topics that are not ANSYS commands or element types (for example, help for the word "material"), use the index or full text search features of the ANSYS online help system. The HELP command is valid only in GUI mode. To obtain help when not in GUI mode, you can either activate the GUI by typing /MENU,ON, or you can activate the help system directly by issuing /UI,HELP. This command is valid in any processor.
Menu Paths
Prev /HEADER HELPDISP file://D:\Documents%20and%20Settings\Administrator\Local%20Settings\Temp\~hh...
Next HELPDISP
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H Commands Prev H Commands
Page 5 of 29 Next
HELPDISP
Name
HELPDISP, Commandname Displays help information on DISPLAY program commands. group: DISPLAY:Set Up product: MP ME ST DY PR EM FL PP ED
Commandname
Any DISPLAY command. If blank, a list of DISPLAY commands is produced.
Menu Paths
This command cannot be accessed from a menu. It is part of the DISPLAY command.
Prev HELP Prev HEMIOPT H Commands
Next HEMIOPT Next
HEMIOPT
Name
HEMIOPT, HRES Specifies options for Hemicube view factor calculation. group: SOLUTION:Radiosity product: MP ME PR PP ED
HRES
Hemicube resolution. Increase value to increase the accuracy of the view factor calculation. Defaults to 10.
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H Commands
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Menu Paths
Main Menu>Preprocessor>Loads>View Factor Main Menu>Radiation Opt>View Factor Main Menu>Solution>View Factor
Prev HELPDISP Prev HFANG H Commands
Next HFANG Next
HFANG
Name
HFANG, Lab, PHI1, PHI2, THETA1, THETA2 Defines or displays spatial angles of a spherical radiation surface for antenna parameter calculations. group: POST1:Special Purpose product: MP EH PP ED
Lab
Spatial angle label. ANGLE -Define spatial angles (default). STATE -Display spatial angles. PHI1, PHI2, THETA1, and THETA2 are ignored.
PHI1, PHI2
Starting and ending

THETA1, THETA2
angles (degrees) in the spherical coordinate system. Defaults to 0.
Starting and ending
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H Commands
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Notes
Defines or displays spatial angles of a spherical radiation surface. Use this command only with PLHFFAR ,Opt = DGAIN or PRHFFAR ,Opt = DGAIN, PRAD, PGAIN, or EFF.
Menu Paths
Main Menu>General Postproc>List Results>Direct Gain Main Menu>General Postproc>List Results>Efficiency Main Menu>General Postproc>List Results>Power Gain Main Menu>General Postproc>List Results>Rad Power Main Menu>General Postproc>Plot Results>Direct Gain
Prev HEMIOPT Prev HFEIGOPT H Commands
Next HFEIGOPT Next
HFEIGOPT
Name
HFEIGOPT, Lab, Val1 Specifies high frequency electromagnetic modal analysis options. group: SOLUTION: Analysis Options product: MP EH PP ED
Lab
High frequency modal analysis type: CAVITY --
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H Commands Perform a 3-D eigenvalue analysis (default for HF119 and HF120). CUTOFF -Perform a 2-D cut-off frequency analysis (default for HF118). GAMMA -Perform a 2-D propagating constant analysis.
Val1
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Valid for the GAMMA option only. If Lab = GAMMA, Val1 is the frequency in Hz..
Menu Paths
Prev HFANG Prev HFNEAR H Commands
Next HFNEAR Next
HFNEAR
Name
HFNEAR, Lab, VAL, X, Y, Z, CS Calculates the electromagnetic field at points in the near zone exterior to the equivalent source surface (flagged with the Maxwell surface flag in the preprocessor). group: POST1:Special Purpose product: MP EH PP ED
Lab
Label describing the field: EF -Electric field (default). H -Magnetic field.
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H Commands
VAL VAL
Page 9 of 29
is the coordinate system reference number or path.

?
is the coordinate system reference number. VAL may be 0 (Cartesian), 1 (cylindrical), 2 (spherical), 4 or WP (working plane), or any previously defined local coordinate system number (>10). Defaults to 0. HFNEAR computes the electromagnetic field for the point X, Y, Z.
VAL
= PATH. HFNEAR computes the electromagnetic field for the path data points for the path currently defined by the PATH and PPATH commands.
VAL
X, Y, Z
Location point in the VAL coordinate system. Defaults to 0, 0, 0.

CS
Coordinate system type for calculation of components and magnitude of electric or magnetic field. 0 -Cartesian (default). 1 -Cylindrical. 2 -Spherical.
Notes
HFNEAR uses the equivalent source principle to calculate the electromagnetic field in the near zone exterior to the equivalent source surface (flagged with the Maxwell surface flag in the preprocessor) for either of the following:
?
A point X, Y, Z in the VAL coordinate system A path defined by the PATH and PPATH commands
To view the electromagnetic field results for a path, use the PLPAGM or PLPATH commands.
Menu Paths
Main Menu>General Postproc>List Results>Near Field Main Menu>General Postproc>Path Operations>HF Near Field
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H Commands Prev HFEIGOPT Prev HFPORT H Commands
Page 10 of 29 Next HFPORT Next
HFPORT
Name
HFPORT , Portnum, Porttype, Local, Mode, Portbc, VAL1, VAL2, VAL3, VAL4, VAL5 Specifies a time-harmonic guided wave excitation for a waveguide port. group: SOLUTION: Misc Loads product: MP EH PP ED
Portnum
Waveguide port number. You specify the integer number for exterior and interior waveguide ports by the SF and BF family of commands, respectively. The number must be between 1 and 50. If Status, provide status of port option settings.
Porttype
Waveguide type: COAX -Cylindrical coaxial waveguide. RECT -Rectangular waveguide. CIRC -Circular waveguide. PARA -Parallel plate waveguide.
Local
A previously defined local Cartesian coordinate system number (>10) or 0 (global Cartesian) used to specify the geometric properties of the waveguide. Defaults to 0. The local Z-direction must be the direction of propagation.
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H Commands
Mode
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Mode type: TEM -Transverse electromagnetic wave. TEmn -Transverse electric wave. See notes below. TMmn -Transverse magnetic wave. See notes below.
Portbc
Port boundary conditions: IMPD -Wave impedance matching condition of single propagating mode. Valid for exterior port. SEXT -S-parameter extraction port. Valid for interior ports. SOFT -Port used for launching a soft source. Valid for interior ports. HARD -Port used for launching a hard source. Valid for exterior or interior ports.
VAL1, VAL2, VAL3, VAL4, VAL5
If Porttype = COAX: VAL1 -Inner radius of the coaxial waveguide.

VAL2
-Outer radius of the coaxial waveguide.
VAL3
-Zero-to-peak amplitude of the voltage between the inner and the outer conductors. If blank, the port will create a matching impedance.
VAL4
--
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H Commands
Page 12 of 29 Phase angle of the applied voltage (in degrees). Defaults to 0 degrees.
VAL5
-Input power (time-average). If power is input, it overrides the applied voltage input.
If Porttype = RECT: VAL1 -Width of the rectangular waveguide

VAL2
-Height of the rectangular waveguide.
VAL3
-Zero-to-peak amplitude of the electric field component E z for a TM wave or the magnetic field component Hz for a TE wave. If blank, the port will appear as a matching impedance.
VAL4
-Phase angle of the applied field (in degrees). Defaults to 0 degrees.
VAL5
-Input power (time-average). If power is input, it overrides the field component input.
If Porttype = CIRC VAL1 -Radius of the circular waveguide.

VAL2
-Not used.
VAL3
-Zero-to-peak amplitude of the electric field component E z for a TM wave or the magnetic field component Hz for a TE wave. If blank, the port will appear as a matching impedance.
VAL4
VAL5
--
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H Commands
Page 13 of 29 Input power (time-average). If power is input, it overrides the field component input.
If Porttype = PARA: VAL1 -Width of the parallel plate waveguide (defaults to 1).
VAL2
-Separation between the two plates.
VAL3
-Zero-to-peak amplitude of the electric field component E y for a TEM wave, electric field component Ez for a TM wave, or the magnetic field component Hz for a TE wave. If blank, the port will appear as a matching impedance.
VAL4
VAL5
-Input power (time-average). If power is input, it overrides the field component input.
Notes
The origin of the local coordinate system must be at the center of the waveguide structure. For a rectangular waveguide, the X and Y axes of the local coordinate system must be parallel to the width and height of the waveguide, respectively. For a parallel plate waveguide, the X and Y axes of the local coordinate system must be parallel to the width and separation of the waveguide, respectively. The following apply to the TEmn and TMmn mode types:
?
For a rectangular waveguide, the suffix m and n mean the variation of the field along the wide side and narrow side of the waveguide, respectively. For a circular waveguide, the suffix m and n mean the variation of the field along the angular and radial directions, respectively. For a parallel plate waveguide, the suffix m is 0 and the suffix n means the variation of the field between the plates. For a coaxial waveguide, only the TEM mode is available.
Menu Paths
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H Commands Main Menu>Preprocessor>Loads>Apply>Excitation>On Areas Main Menu>Preprocessor>Loads>Apply>Excitation>On Nodes Main Menu>Preprocessor>Loads>Apply>Excitation>Modify Port Main Menu>Preprocessor>Loads>Apply>Excitation>Port Status Main Menu>Solution>Apply>Excitation>On Areas Main Menu>Solution>Apply>Excitation>On Nodes Main Menu>Solution>Apply>Excitation>Modify Port Main Menu>Solution>Apply>Excitation>Port Status
Page 14 of 29
Prev HFNEAR Prev HFSCAT H Commands
Next HFSCAT Next
HFSCAT
Name
HFSCAT, Lab Specifies a high-frequency scattering analysis. group: SOLUTION: Analysis Options product: MP EH PP ED
Lab Label identifying scattering analysis options: OFF -Do not perform a scattering analysis. SCAT -Perform a scattering analysis and store the scattering field (default). TOTAL -Perform a scattering analysis and store the total field.
Notes
Specifies a high frequency scattering analysis and the type of electromagnetic field output. HFSCAT,SCAT provides a scattering field output, Esc, which is required for the calculation of Radar Cross Section (RCS). HFSCAT,TOTAL provides a sum of the incident and scattering fields,
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H Commands Etotal = Einc +Esc. Use the PLWAVE command to specify the incident field, Einc.
Page 15 of 29
Menu Paths
Prev HFPORT Prev HFSWEEP H Commands
Next HFSWEEP Next
HFSWEEP
Name
HFSWEEP, Freqa, Freqb, Freqinc, Portin, Port2, Port3, Port4, Pvolt, Pang, Pdist, Vpath , Ipath, Vsymm, Isymm Performs a harmonic response for a high-frequency electromagnetic wave guide analysis. group: SOLUTION:Analysis Options product: MP ME EM PP ED
Freqa
Beginning frequency of the analysis (in Hertz).

Freqb
Ending frequency of the analysis (in Hertz). If blank, Freqb is set to Freqa and one solution is performed. (This is recommended for initially verifying the model setup.)
Freqinc
Frequency increment between solutions. The analysis performs solutions at Freqa, Freqb, and equidistant solutions between these frequencies. If Freqinc is blank, the ANSYS program performs solutions at Freqa and Freqb only (default).
Portin
Port number of the input (excited) port with a TE10 mode or COAX mode excitation. (See the HFPORT and SPARM command descriptions.) If Portin is blank (default), ANSYS does no file://D:\Documents%20and%20Settings\Administrator\Local%20Settings\Temp\~hh... 20.05.2004
H Commands S-parameter or reflection coefficient calculations.

Port2
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Output port number of a matched port. The S parameters for Portin and Port2 are calculated. If Port1 is blank (default), ANSYS does no S-parameter calculations and ignores input values for Port2 and Port3.
Port3
Second output port number of a matched port.

Port4
Third output port number of a matched port.

Pvolt
Port EMF (voltage drop magnitude) applied to the excited port. This is required for reflection coefficient calculations.
Pang
Phase angle (in degrees) of the port EMF (voltage drop). Defaults to zero.
Pdist
Propagation distance between the excited port and the evaluation point. If the Pdist value is zero, the reflection coefficient, VSWR, and return loss at the location will be calculated at the excited port. (See the REFLCOEF command description.)
Vpath
Path name for a predefined path for calculating the EMF (voltage drop) between two points. (For information about defining paths, see the PATH command description.) Use the PASAVE command to save paths after defining them. For calculating reflection coefficients in a COAX conductor, the path must be located at the propagation distance from the input port and must extend from the inner conductor to the outer conductor. (See the REFLCOEF command description for more information.) For an impedance calculation, the path may be located anywhere. If specified along with an MMF (current) path (see Ipath below), impedance will be calculated. (See the IMPD command description.)
Ipath
Path name for a predefined path, enclosing a conductor, for calculating MMF (current). The path should traverse a closed contour surrounding the conductor, and should be defined in a counterclockwise directions. If you specify Ipath with Vpath, ANSYS calculates the port impedance. Use the PASAVE command to save paths after defining them.
Vsymm
Symmetry factor applied to the calculated voltage drop. Vsymm specifies the voltage drop from the conductor to the reference point and is used in the port impedance calculation.
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H Commands
Isymm
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Symmetry factor applied to the calculated current. The calculated current is multiplied by Isymm, and is used in the port impedance calculation.
Notes
HFSWEEP performs a harmonic response for a high-frequency electromagnetic waveguide analysis over a frequency range from Freqa to Freqb, in increments of Freqinc. HFSWEEP calculates Sparameters at each frequency step for each port. For a COAX mode waveguide (see the HFPORT command description), reflection coefficients may be calculated in a similar manner at a specified distance ( Pdist) from the input port. You also can calculate impedance at a specified distance. The ANSYS program writes output data and graphical displays to files HFSWEEP.OUT and HFSWEEP.GRPH respectively. Use the DISPLAY program to view the graphs. The diagram below shows an example waveguide and the paths used for MMF (current) and EMF (voltage drop) calculations:
Menu Paths
Main Menu>Solution>Electromagnet>Freq Sweep
Prev HFSCAT Prev HFSYM H Commands
Next HFSYM Next
HFSYM
Name
HFSYM, KCN, Xkey, Ykey, Zkey Indicates the presence of symmetry planes for the computation of high-frequency electromagnetic fields in the near and far field domains (beyond the finite element region). group: POST1:Special Purpose product: MP EH PP ED
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H Commands
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KCN
Coordinate system reference number. KCN may be 0 (Cartesian), or any previously defined local Cartesian coordinate system number (>10). Defaults to 0.
Xkey
Key for electromagnetic field boundary condition, as prescibed for the solution, corresponding to the x = constant plane: None -No electric wall or magnetic wall boundary conditions (default). PEC -Perfect electric conductor (electric wall boundary conditions). PMC -Perfect magnetic conductor (magnetic wall boundary conditions).
Ykey
Key for electromagnetic field boundary condition, as prescribed for the solution, corresponding to the y = constant plane: None -No electric wall or magnetic wall boundary conditions (default). PEC -Perfect electric conductor (electric wall boundary conditions). PMC -Perfect magnetic conductor (magnetic wall boundary conditions).
Zkey
Key for electromagnetic field boundary condition, as prescibed for the solution, corresponding to the z = constant plane: None -No electric wall or magnetic wall boundary conditions (default). PEC -Perfect electric conductor (electric wall boundary conditions). PMC --
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H Commands Perfect magnetic conductor (magnetic wall boundary conditions).
Page 19 of 29
Notes
HFSYM uses the image principle to indicate symmetry planes (x, y, or z = constant plane) for highfrequency electromagnetic field computations outside the modeled domain. A perfect magnetic conductor (PMC) boundary condition must be indicated even though it occurs as a natural boundary conditon.
Menu Paths
Main Menu>General Postproc>List Results>Direct Gain Main Menu>General Postproc>List Results>Efficiency Main Menu>General Postproc>List Results>Pattern Main Menu>General Postproc>List Results>Power Gain Main Menu>General Postproc>List Results>Rad Power Main Menu>General Postproc>List Results>Far Field Main Menu>General Postproc>List Results>Near Field Main Menu>General Postproc>List Results>RCS Normalized Main Menu>General Postproc>List Results>RCS Main Menu>General Postproc>Path Operations>HF Near Field Main Menu>General Postproc>Plot Results>Direct Gain Main Menu>General Postproc>Plot Results>Pattern Main Menu>General Postproc>Plot Results>Far Field Main Menu>General Postproc>Plot Results>RCS Normalized Main Menu>General Postproc>Plot Results>RCS
Prev HFSWEEP Prev HMAGSOLV H Commands
Next HMAGSOLV Next
HMAGSOLV
Name
HMAGSOLV, FREQ, NRAMP, CNVA, CNVV, CNVC, CNVE, NEQIT Specifies 2-D or axisymmetric harmonic magnetic solution options and initiates the solution. group: SOLUTION:Analysis Options product: MP ME ST EM PP ED
H Commands
FREQ
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Analysis frequency (Hz).

NRAMP
Number of ramped substeps for the first load step of a nonlinear 2-D harmonic electromagnetic solution. Defaults to 3. If NRAMP = -1, ignore the ramped load step entirely.
CNVA
Convergence tolerance on the program calculated reference value for the magnetic vector potential degree of freedom. Defaults to 0.001.
CNVV
Convergence tolerance on the program calculated reference value for the time-integrated electric potential VOLT. Defaults to 0.001.
CNVC
Convergence tolerance on the program calculated reference value for the current degree of freedom CURR. Defaults to 0.001.
CNVE
Convergence tolerance on the program calculated reference value for the voltage drop degree of freedom EMF. Defaults to 0.001.
NEQIT
Maximum number of equilibrium iterations per load step. Defaults to 50.
Notes
HMAGSOLV invokes an ANSYS macro which specifies harmonic electromagnetic solution options and initiates the solution. The macro is applicable to any ANSYS 2-D or axisymmetric linear or nonlinear harmonic analysis. Results are only stored for the final converged solution. (In POST1, issue *SET,LIST to identify the load step of solution results.) The macro internally determines if a nonlinear analysis is required based on magnetic material properties defined in the database. The macro performs a two -load-step solution sequence. The first load step ramps the applied loads over a prescribed number of substeps ( NRAMP), and the second load step calculates the converged solution. For linear problems, only a single load step solution is performed. The ramped load step can be bypassed by setting NRAMP to -1. Three-dimensional harmonic electromagnetic analysis is available for linear solutions only and does not require this solution macro. The following analysis options and nonlinear options are controlled by this macro: KBC, NEQIT , NSUBST, CNVTOL , OUTRES .
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H Commands
Page 21 of 29
Menu Paths
Main Menu>Solution>Electromagnet>Opt&Solv
Prev HFSYM Prev HPGL H Commands
Next HPGL Next
HPGL
Name
HPGL, Kywrd, Opt1, Opt2 Specifies various HP options. group: GRAPHICS:Set Up product: MP ME ST DY PR EM FL PP ED
If Kywrd = MODEL, command format is HPGL,MODEL, Pmod.
Pmod
Valid plotter model: 7475A (default), 7550A, 7580B, 7585B, 7586B, COLORPRO, DRAFTPRO, or DRAFTMASTER. If Kywrd = PAPER, command format is HPGL ,PAPER, Size,Orien.
Size
Valid paper size: A (default), B, C, D, E, A4, A3, A2, A1, A0, CARCH, DARCH, or EARCH.
Orien
Orientation: HORIZONTAL (default) or VERTICAL. If Kywrd = COLOR, command format is HPGL,COLOR,KEY.

KEY
Pen choice: 0 -Single pen
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H Commands 1 -Multiple pens If Kywrd = DIRECT, command format is HPGL ,DIRECT, Port.
Page 22 of 29
Used to direct plotter commands to a port. Use HPGL,FILE to redirect output from a port back to a file. This option for Kywrd is valid in the DISPLAY program only.
Port
Port name for direct connection.
Notes
This command is available in both the ANSYS and DISPLAY programs. It is valid for Hewlett Packard Graphics Language (HPGL) format files selected in the ANSYS program with /SHOW,HPGL (or HPGL2), or with /SHOWDISP ,HPGL (or HPGL2) in the DISPLAY program. An output file is generated for each plot. The ANSYS file is named JobnameNN.HPGL. In the DISPLAY program, this file is named HPGLnn. This file remains open for a subsequent /NOERASE plot, and will be incomplete until the program is closed (/EXIT ), or until the next file is opened by the next /ERASE plot request.
Menu Paths
Utility Menu>PlotCtrls>Redirect Plots>To HPGL File Utility Menu>PlotCtrls>Redirect Plots>To HPGL2 File
Prev HMAGSOLV Prev HPTCREATE H Commands
Next HPTCREATE Next
HPTCREATE
Name
HPTCREATE , TYPE, ENTITY, NHP, LABEL, VAL1, VAL2, VAL3 Defines a hard point. group: PREP7:Hard Points product: MP ME ST DY PR EM FL PP ED
H Commands
TYPE
Page 23 of 29
Type of entity on which the hard point will be created. LINE -Hard point will be created on a line. AREA -Hard point will be created within an area (not on the boundaries).
ENTITY
Number of the line or area on which the hard point will be created.
NHP
Number assigned to the hard point. Defaults to the lowest available hard point number.
LABEL
If LABEL = COORD, VAL1, VAL2, and VAL3 are the respective global X, Y, and Z coordinates. If LABEL = RATIO, VAL1 is the parameter value (this is available only for lines). Valid parameter values are between 0 and 1. VAL2 and VAL3 are ignored.
VAL1
If LABEL = RATIO, ratio value for line. If LABEL = COORD, global X coordinate value.
VAL2
If LABEL = COORD, global Y coordinate value.

VAL3
If LABEL=COORD, global Z coordinate value.
Notes
The ability to enter a parameter value provides a simple way of positioning hard points on lines. For example, to place a hard point half-way along a line, one can simply specify a VAL1 value of 0.5. For models imported through the DEFAULT IGES filter, you can place hard points on models only by specifying coordinates (you can't place a hard point using interactive picking). If you issue any commands that update the geometry of an entity, such as Boolean or simplification commands, any hard points associated with that entity are deleted. Therefore, you should add any hard points after completing the solid model. If you delete an entity that has associated hard points, those hard points are either
?
Deleted along with the entity (if the hard point is not associated with any other entities).
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H Commands
?
Page 24 of 29
Detached from the deleted entity (if the hard point is associated with additional entities).
When archiving your model (CDWRITE), hardpoint information cannot be written to the IGES file. The Jobname.cdb file can be written with the CDWRITE,DB option.
Menu Paths
Main Menu>Preprocessor>Create>Hard Points>Hard PT on area>Hard PT by coordinates Main Menu>Preprocessor>Create>Hard Points>Hard PT on line>Hard PT by coordinates Main Menu>Preprocessor>Create>Hard Points>Hard PT on line>Hard PT by ratio Main Menu>Preprocessor>Create>Keypoints>Hard PT on area>Hard PT by coordinates Main Menu>Preprocessor>Create>Keypoints>Hard PT on area>Hard PT by picking Main Menu>Preprocessor>Create>Keypoints>Hard PT on line>Hard PT by coordinates Main Menu>Preprocessor>Create>Keypoints>Hard PT on line>Hard PT by picking Main Menu>Preprocessor>Create>Keypoints>Hard PT on line>Hard PT by ratio
Prev HPGL Prev HPTDELETE H Commands
Next HPTDELETE Next
HPTDELETE
Name
HPTDELETE, NP1, NP2, NINC Deletes selected hardpoints. group: PREP7:Hard Points product: MP ME ST DY PR EM FL PP ED
NP1, NP2, NINC
Delete the pattern of hard points beginning with NP1 to NP2 in steps of NINC (defaults to 1). If NP1 = ALL, NP2 and NINC are ignored and the pattern is all selected hard points [KSEL]. If NP1 = P, graphical picking is enabled and all remaining command fields are ignored.
Notes
Deletes all attributes attached to the designated hard points as well as the hard points themselves. If any entity is attached to a designated hard point, the command detaches the hard point from that entity (the program will alert you that this will occur).
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H Commands
Page 25 of 29
Menu Paths
Main Menu>Preprocessor>Delete>Hard Points
Prev HPTCREATE Prev HRCPLX H Commands
Next HRCPLX Next
HRCPLX
Name
HRCPLX, LOADSTEP, SUBSTEP, OMEGAT, 1STLCASE, 2NDLCASE Computes and stores in the database the time-harmonic solution at a prescribed phase angle. group: POST1:Set Up product: MP ME ST DY PR EM FL PP ED
LOADSTEP
Load step number of the data set to be read (defaults to 1).

SUBSTEP
Substep number within LOADSTEP .

OMEGAT
Phase angle defined by the product of the angular frequency and time. If set to 0.0, real results are supplied. If set to -90.0, imaginary results are supplied. If set to 90.0, imaginary results are supplied. If set >= 360, amplitude is supplied. All others supply results at that phase angle.
1STLCASE
First load case number (defaults to 1).

2NDLCASE
Second load case number (defaults to 2).
Notes
HRCPLX combines the real and imaginary parts of results data to give the total solution at the
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H Commands
Page 26 of 29
specified phase angle. 1STLCASE and 2NDLCASE are internally generated load cases. You may want to specify these to avoid overwriting an existing load case number 1 or 2. Not all results computed from this command are valid. See Summable, Non-summable, and Constant Data in the ANSYS Basic Analysis Guide for more information. Since HRCPLX performs load case combinations, it alters most of the data in the database. In particular, it alters applied loads such as forces and imposed displacements. To restore the original loads in the database for a subsequent analysis, reissue the SET command in POST1 to retrieve the real and imaginary set data. See the ANSYS, Inc. Theory Reference for more information on harmonic analysis equations and their relationship to real and imaginary data sets.
Menu Paths
Prev HPTDELETE Prev HREXP H Commands
Next HREXP Next
HREXP
Name
HREXP, ANGLE Specifies the phase angle for the harmonic analysis expansion pass. group: SOLUTION:Dynamic Options product: MP ME ST PR PP ED
ANGLE
Phase angle (degrees) for expansion pass. If ALL (default), use both 0.0 (real) and 90.0 (imaginary) phase angles.
Notes
Specifies the phase angle where the expansion pass will be done for a harmonic reduced or harmonic mode superposition expansion pass. This command is also valid in PREP7.
Menu Paths
H Commands Main Menu>Preprocessor>Loads>ExpansionPass>By Load Step Main Menu>Preprocessor>Loads>ExpansionPass>By Time/Freq Main Menu>Preprocessor>Loads>ExpansionPass>Range of Solu's Main Menu>Solution>ExpansionPass>By Load Step Main Menu>Solution>ExpansionPass>By Time/Freq Main Menu>Solution>ExpansionPass>Range of Solu's
Page 27 of 29
Prev HRCPLX Prev HROPT H Commands
Next HROPT Next
HROPT
Name
HROPT, Method, MAXMODE, MINMODE Specifies harmonic analysis options. group: SOLUTION:Dynamic Options product: MP ME ST PR EM EH PP ED
Method
Solution method for the harmonic analysis: FULL -Full method (default). REDUC -Reduced method. MSUP -Mode superposition method.
MAXMODE
Largest mode number to be used to calculate the response (for Method = MSUP). Defaults to the highest mode calculated in the preceding modal analysis.
MINMODE
Smallest mode number to be used (for Method = MSUP). Defaults to 1. file://D:\Documents%20and%20Settings\Administrator\Local%20Settings\Temp\~hh... 20.05.2004
H Commands
Page 28 of 29
Notes
Specifies the method of solution for a harmonic analysis (ANTYPE,HARMIC). If used in SOLUTION, this command is valid only within the first load step. See "Product Restrictions" below. This command is also valid in PREP7.
Product Restrictions:
For a harmonic analysis in ANSYS/Professional, the default is Method = MSUP; Method = FULL or REDUC is not allowed.
Menu Paths
Prev HREXP Prev HROUT H Commands
Next HROUT Next
HROUT
Name
HROUT, Reimky, Clust, Mcont Specifies the harmonic analysis output options. group: SOLUTION:Dynamic Options product: MP ME ST PR EM PP ED
Reimky
Real/Imaginary print key: ON -Print complex displacements as real and imaginary components (default). OFF -Print complex displacements as amplitude and phase angle (degrees).
Clust
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H Commands Cluster option (for HROPT,MSUP): OFF -Uniform spacing of frequency solutions (default). ON -Cluster frequency solutions about natural frequencies.
Mcont
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Mode contributions key (for HROPT,MSUP): OFF -No print of mode contributions at each frequency (default). ON -Print mode contributions at each frequency.
Notes
Specifies the harmonic analysis (ANTYPE,HARMIC) output options. If used in SOLUTION, this command is valid only within the first load step. OUTPR,NSOL must be specified to print mode contributions at each frequency. This command is also valid in PREP7.
Menu Paths
Prev HROPT
Next I Commands
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I Commands I Commands ANSYS Commands Reference
Page 1 of 40
Prev
Next
I Commands
Table of Contents IC ICDELE ICE ICEDELE ICELIST ICLIST /ICLWID /ICSCALE ICVFRC *IF IGESIN IGESOUT /IMAGE IMAGIN IMMED IMPD /INPUT /INQUIRE INRES INRTIA INT1 INTSRF IOPTN IRLF IRLIST ISFILE ISTRESS ISWRITE
Prev HROUT Prev IC I Commands
Next IC Next
IC
Name
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I Commands IC, NODE, Lab, VALUE, VALUE2, NEND, NINC Specifies initial conditions at nodes. group: SOLUTION:Misc Loads product: MP ME ST PR EM FL PP ED
Page 2 of 40
NODE
Node at which initial condition is to be specified. If ALL, apply to all selected nodes [NSEL]. If NODE = P, graphical picking is enabled and all remaining command fields are ignored (valid only in the GUI). A component name may be substituted for NODE.
Lab
Degree of freedom label for which initial condition is to be specified. If ALL, use all appropriate labels. Structural labels: UX, UY, or UZ (displacements or linear velocities); ROTX, ROTY, or ROTZ (rotations or angular velocities). Thermal label: TEMP (temperature). FLOTRAN fluid labels: PRES (pressure); VX, VY, or VZ (velocities); ENKE or ENDS (turbulent kinetic energy or turbulent energy dissipation); SP01 through SP06 (multiple species mass fractions) or their user-defined names [MSSPEC]. Electric label: VOLT (voltage). Magnetic labels: MAG (scalar magnetic potential); AX, AY, or AZ (vector magnetic potentials).
VALUE
Initial value of the degree of freedom (first-order value). Defaults to the program default for that DOF (0.0 for structural analysis, TUNIF for thermal analysis, etc.). Values are in the nodal coordinate system and in radians for rotational DOF.
VALUE2
Second-order degree of freedom value, mainly used to specify initial structural velocity. Defaults to the program default for that DOF (0.0 for structural analysis). Values are in the nodal coordinate system and in radians/time for rotational DOF.
NEND, NINC
Specifies the same initial condition values at the range of nodes from NODE to NEND (defaults to NODE), in steps of NINC (defaults to 1).
Notes
The IC command specifies initial conditions, which are the initial values of the specified degrees of freedom. It is valid only for a static analysis and the first load step of a full method transient analysis (TIMINT ,ON and TRNOPT,FULL). Initial conditions should always be step applied [KBC,1] and not ramped. (In a transient analysis when SOLCONTROL is ON, KBC,1 is the default as long as TIMINT is also on.) If constraints [D, DSYM, etc.] and initial conditions are applied at the same node, the constraint
20.05.2004
I Commands specification will override.
Page 3 of 40
For thermal analyses, any TUNIF specification should be specified before the IC command; otherwise, the TUNIF specification will be ignored. If the IC command is input before any TUNIF specification, use the ICDELE command and then reissue any TUNIF specification and then follow with the IC command.
Caution
Caution: Be careful not to define inconsistent initial conditions. For instance, if you define an initial velocity at a single DOF, the initial velocity at every other DOF will be 0.0, potentially leading to conflicting initial conditions. In most cases, you will want to define initial conditions at every unconstrained DOF in your model. Once a solution has been performed, the specified initial conditions are overwritten by the actual solution and are no longer available. You must respecify them if you want to perform a re-analysis. You may want to keep a database file saved prior to the first solution or write them to the cdwrite file (CDWRITE,LOAD) for subsequent re-use. This command is also valid in PREP7.
Menu Paths
Main Menu>Preprocessor>Loads>Apply>Initial Condit'n>Define Main Menu>Solution>Apply>Initial Condit'n>Define
Prev I Commands Prev ICDELE I Commands
Next ICDELE Next
ICDELE
Name
ICDELE Deletes initial conditions at nodes. group: SOLUTION:Misc Loads product: MP ME ST PR EM FL PP ED
Notes
Deletes all initial conditions previously specified with the IC command at all nodes. This command is also valid in PREP7.
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I Commands
Page 4 of 40
Menu Paths
Main Menu>Preprocessor>Loads>Delete>Initial Condit'n Main Menu>Solution>Delete>Initial Condit'n
Prev IC Prev ICE I Commands
Next ICE Next
ICE
Name
ICE, ELEM, Lab, VALUE Specifies initial conditions on elements. group: SOLUTION:Misc Loads product: MP ME ST PR EM FL PP ED
ELEM
Element to which initial condition applies. If All, apply initial condition to all selected elements [ ESEL]. If ELEM = P, graphical picking is enabled and all remaining command fields are ignored (valid only in the GUI). A component name may be substituted for ELEM.
Lab
Valid initial conditions label. FLOTRAN fluid labels: VFRC (volume fraction).
VALUE
Initial value for the volume fraction.
Notes
The ICE command specifies initial conditions on selected elements. Once a solution has been performed, the specified initial conditions will be overwritten by the actual solution, and are no longer available. You must respecify them if you want to perform a re-analysis. This command is also valid in PREP7.
Menu Paths
I Commands Main Menu>Preprocessor>Loads>Apply>Volume Fract>On Elements Main Menu>Solution>Apply>Volume Fract>On Elements
Page 5 of 40
Prev ICDELE Prev ICEDELE I Commands
Next ICEDELE Next
ICEDELE
Name
ICEDELE, ELEM, Lab Deletes initial conditions on elements. group: SOLUTION:Misc Loads product: MP ME ST PR EM FL PP ED
ELEM
Element at which initial conditions are to be deleted. If ALL, initial conditions at all selected elements [ESEL] are deleted. If ELEM = P, graphical picking is enabled and all remaining command fields are ignored (valid only in the GUI). A component name may be substituted for ELEM.
Lab
Notes
Deletes all initial conditions previously specified with the ICE command at all elements. This command is also valid in PREP7.
Menu Paths
Main Menu>Preprocessor>Loads>Delete>Volume Fract>On Elements Main Menu>Solution>Delete>Volume Fract>On Elements
Prev ICE
Next ICELIST
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I Commands ICELIST I Commands
Page 6 of 40
Prev
Next
ICELIST
Name
ICELIST, ELEM, Lab Lists initial conditions on elements. group: SOLUTION:Misc Loads product: MP ME ST PR EM FL PP ED
ELEM
List initial condition for elements for ELEM (defaults to ALL). If ELEM = All, initial conditions for all selected elements [ESEL} are listed. If ELEM = P, graphical picking is enabled and all remaining command fields are ignored (valid only in GUI). A component name may be substituted for ELEM.
Lab
Notes
Lists the initial on elements specified by the ICE command. Listing applies to all the selected elements [ESEL]. This command is valid in any processor.
Menu Paths
Utility Menu>List>Loads>Elem Init Condit'n>On Picked Elemts
Prev ICEDELE Prev ICLIST I Commands
Next ICLIST Next
ICLIST
I Commands
Page 7 of 40
Name
ICLIST, NODE1, NODE2, NINC, Lab Lists the initial conditions. group: SOLUTION:Misc Loads product: MP ME ST PR EM FL PP ED
NODE1, NODE2, NINC
List initial conditions for nodes NODE1 to NODE2 (defaults to NODE1) in steps of NINC (defaults to 1). If NODE1 = ALL (default), NODE2 and NINC are ignored and initial conditions for all selected nodes [NSEL] are listed. If NODE1 = P, graphical picking is enabled and all remaining command fields are ignored (valid only in the GUI). A component name may be substituted for NODE1 (NODE2 and NINC are ignored).
Lab
Velocity key: DISP -Specification is for first order degree of freedom value (displacements, temperature, etc.) (default). VELO -Specification is for second order degree of freedom value (velocities).
Notes
Lists the initial conditions specified by the IC command. Listing applies to all the selected nodes [NSEL] and DOF labels. ICLIST is not the same as the DLIST command. All the initial conditions including the default conditions are listed for the selected nodes. Initial conditions for a FLOTRAN analysis are primary (first order) degrees of freedom and are thus listed with the DISP key. This command is valid in any processor.
Menu Paths
Main Menu>Preprocessor>Loads>Apply>Initial Condit'n>List Picked Main Menu>Solution>Apply>Initial Condit'n>List Picked Utility Menu>List>Loads>Initial Conditions>On Picked Nodes
Prev ICELIST
Next /ICLWID
20.05.2004
I Commands /ICLWID I Commands
Page 8 of 40
Prev
Next
/ICLWID
Name
/ICLWID, FACTOR Scales the line width of circuit builder icons. group: GRAPHICS:Scaling product: MP EM PP ED
FACTOR
Multiplication factor applied to the default line width (defaults to 1). The minimum is 1 and the maximum is 6.
Menu Paths
Main Menu>Preprocessor>Create>Circuit>Scale Icon
Prev ICLIST Prev /ICSCALE I Commands
Next /ICSCALE Next
/ICSCALE
Name
/ICSCALE , WN, FACTOR Scales the icon size for elements supported in the circuit builder. group: GRAPHICS:Scaling product: MP EM PP ED
WN
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I Commands
FACTOR
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Factor applied to the default icon size (defaults to 1).
Notes
Scaling the icon size can provide better visualization of the circuit components when using the Circuit Builder (an interactive builder available in the ANSYS GUI).
Menu Paths
Main Menu>Preprocessor>Create>Circuit>Scale Icon
Prev /ICLWID Prev ICVFRC I Commands
Next ICVFRC Next
ICVFRC
Name
ICVFRC, Geom, VAL1, VAL2, VAL3, VAL4 Sets the initial volume fraction field for a geometry. group: PREP7:FLOTRAN Miscellaneous product: MP FL PP ED
Geom
Geometry: CIRC -Circle. ELPT -Ellipse.

VAL1, VAL2
Location of the center. VAL1 and VAL2 are the x and y coordinates, respectively.
VAL3, VAL4
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I Commands
Page 10 of 40
If Geom = CIRC, VAL3 is the radius of the circle and VAL4 is not used. If Geom = ELPT, VAL3 and VAL4 are the x and y semiaxes of the ellipse, respectively.
Notes
The ICVFRC command sets the initial volume fraction field for a geometry. The initial VFRC is set to one for elements completely within the geometry. The initial VFRC is set equal to the fraction of element area within the geometry for elements intersected by the boundary of the geometry. This command is also valid in SOLUTION.
Menu Paths
Main Menu>Preprocessor>Loads>Apply>Volume Fract>By Geom>Circle Main Menu>Preprocessor>Loads>Apply>Volume Fract>By Geom>Elliptic Main Menu>Solution>Apply>Volume Fract>By Geom>Circle Main Menu>Solution>Apply>Volume Fract>By Geom>Elliptic
Prev /ICSCALE Prev *IF I Commands
Next *IF Next
*IF
Name
*IF, VAL1, Oper1, VAL2, Base1, VAL3, Oper2, VAL4, Base2 Conditionally causes commands to be read. group: APDL:Process Controls product: MP ME ST DY PR EM FL PP ED
VAL1
First numerical value (or parameter which evaluates to a numerical value) in the conditional comparison operation. VAL1, VAL2, VAL3 and VAL4 can also be character strings (enclosed in quotes) or parameters for Oper = EQ and NE only.
Oper1
Operation label. A tolerance of 1.0E-10 is used for comparisons between real numbers: EQ --
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I Commands Equal (for VAL1 = VAL2). NE -Not equal (for VAL1 LT -Less than (for VAL1 < VAL2). GT -Greater than (for VAL1 > VAL2). LE -Less than or equal (for VAL1 GE -Greater than or equal (for VAL1 ABLT -Absolute values of VAL1 and VAL2 before < operation. ABGT -Absolute values of VAL1 and VAL2 before > operation.
VAL2 VAL2). VAL2). VAL2).
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Second numerical value (or parameter which evaluates to a numerical value) in the conditional comparison operation.
Base1
Action based on the logical expression ( Oper1) being true. If false, continue reading at the next line. This is conditional, excepting the IF-THEN-ELSE constructs described below; any of the following constructs (through Base1 = THEN) cause all subsequent fields to be ignored: :label -A user-defined label (beginning with a colon (:), 8 characters maximum). The command reader will skip (and wrap to the beginning of the file, if necessary) to the first line that begins with the matching : label. Caution: this label option may not be mixed with doloop or if-then-else constructs. STOP -This action will cause an exit from the ANSYS program at this line, unless running in interactive mode. In interactive mode, the program will not stop.
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I Commands EXIT -Exit the current do-loop [*EXIT]. CYCLE -Skip to the end of the current do-loop [*CYCLE]. THEN -Make this *IF an if-then-else construct (see below).
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The following optional values determine the connection between the two logical clauses Oper1 and Oper2 AND True if both clauses ( Oper1 and Oper2) are true. OR True if either clause is true. XOR True if either (but not both) clause is true. VAL3 Third numerical value (or parameter which evaluates to a numerical value). Oper2 Operation label. This will have the same labels as Oper1, except it uses Val3 and Val4. VAL4 Fourth Numerical value (or parameter value which evaluates to a numerical value).
Base2
Action based on the logical expression ( Oper1 and Oper2) being true. They will be the same values as Base1, except as noted.
Command Default
Read commands sequentially.
Notes
Conditionally causes commands to be read from a specific block or at a specific location. Twenty levels of nested *IF blocks are allowed. Jumping to a : label line is not allowed with keyboard entry. Jumping into, out of, or within a do-loop or an if-then-else construct to a : label line is not allowed. file://D:\Documents%20and%20Settings\Administrator\Local%20Settings\Temp\~hh... 20.05.2004
I Commands The following is an example of an if-then-else construct: *IF,VAL1,Oper,VAL2,THEN ---*ELSEIF,VAL1,Oper,VAL2 ---*ELSEIF,VAL1,Oper,VAL2 ---*ELSE ---*ENDIF
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where "----" represents a block of any number of commands. Any number of *ELSEIF clauses (or none) may be included (in the location shown). One *ELSE clause (at most) may be included (in the location shown). The *IF command is executed by evaluating its logical expression. If it is true, the block of commands following it is executed. The construct is considered to be complete and the command following the *ENDIF is executed next. If the logical expression is false, the next *ELSEIF command (if any) following the block is executed. The execution logic is the same as for *IF. The effect is that the logical expressions in the *IF and the *ELSEIF commands are sequentially tested until one is found to be true. Then the block of commands immediately following the expression is executed, which completes the execution of the if-then-else construct. If all *IF and *ELSEIF expressions are false, the block following the *ELSE command is executed, if there is one. Only one block of commands (at most) is executed within the if-then-else construct. The *IF, *ELSEIF, *ELSE, and *ENDIF commands for each if-then-else construct must all be read from the same file (or keyboard). This command is valid in any processor.
Menu Paths
Prev ICVFRC Prev IGESIN I Commands
Next IGESIN Next
IGESIN
I Commands
Page 14 of 40
Name
IGESIN, Fname, Ext, Dir Transfers IGES data from a file into ANSYS. group: AUX15:IGES product: MP ME ST DY PR EM EH FL PP ED
Fname
Ext
Filename extension (8 character maximum). The extension defaults to CAD if Fname is blank.
Dir
Notes
Reads a file containing IGES data and transfers it into the ANSYS database. The file transferred is the IGES Version 5.1, ASCII format file. IGES (Initial Graphics Exchange Specification) is a neutral format developed by the U.S. Dept. of Commerce, National Institute of Standards and Technology. There is no output transfer file written since the transferred data is read directly into the ANSYS database. You can import multiple files into a single database, but you must use the same import option (set with the IOPTN command) for each file. The IOPTN command sets the parameters for reading the file (refer to this command for the options and their support for IGES entities). The two main parameters are FACETED and SMOOTH. You cannot change the IOPTN settings once a file has been imported. When a file is read using the FACETED option, the data is stored in an defeaturing database. Once the transferred data is stored, a special set of geometry repair and enhancement tools, designed specifically for use with files imported from CAD systems, are available. Files read through the SMOOTH option use the standard database.
Menu Paths
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I Commands Prev *IF Prev IGESOUT I Commands
Page 15 of 40 Next IGESOUT Next
IGESOUT
Name
IGESOUT, Fname, Ext, Dir, ATT Writes solid model data to a file in IGES Version 5.1 format. group: PREP7:Database product: MP ME ST DY PR EM EH FL PP
Fname
Ext
Filename extension (8 character maximum). The extension defaults to IGES if Fname is blank.
Dir

ATT
Attribute key: 0 -Do not write assigned numbers and attributes of the solid model entities to the IGES file (default). 1 -Write assigned numbers and attributes of solid model entities (keypoints, lines, areas, volumes) to the IGES file. Attributes include MAT, TYPE, REAL, and ESYS specifications as well as associated solid model loads and meshing (keypoint element size, number of line divisions and spacing ratio) specifications.
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I Commands
Page 16 of 40
Notes
Causes the selected solid model data to be written to a coded file in the IGES Version 5.1 format. Previous data on this file, if any, are overwritten. Keypoints that are not attached to any line are written to the output file as IGES entity 116 (Point). Lines that are not attached to any area are written to the output file as either IGES Entity 100 (Circular Arc), 110 (Line), or 126 (Rational BSpline Curve) depending upon whether the ANSYS entity was defined as an arc, straight line, or spline. Areas are written to the output file as IGES Entity 144 (Trimmed Parametric Surface). Volumes are written to the output file as IGES entity 186 (Manifold Solid B-Rep Object). Solid model entities to be written must have all corresponding lower level entities selected (use ALLSEL,BELOW,ALL) before issuing command. Concatenated lines and areas are not written to the IGES file; however, the entities that make up these concatenated entities are written. Caution: If you issue the IGESOUT command after generating a beam mesh with orientation nodes, the orientation keypoints that were specified for the line [LATT] are no longer associated with the line and are not written out to the IGES file. The line does not recognize that orientation keypoints were ever assigned to it, and the orientation keypoints do not "know" that they are orientation keypoints. Thus the IGESOUT command does not support (for beam meshing) any line operation that relies on solid model associativity. For example, meshing the areas adjacent to the meshed line, plotting the line that contains the orientation nodes, or clearing the mesh from the line that contains orientation nodes may not work as expected. See Meshing Your Solid Model in the ANSYS Modeling and Meshing Guide for more information about beam meshing. You cannot access this command for models that have been imported from IGES using the FACETED translator (see the IOPTN command).
Menu Paths
Utility Menu>File>Export
Prev IGESIN Prev /IMAGE I Commands
Next /IMAGE Next
/IMAGE
Name
/IMAGE, Label, Fname , Ext, Dir Allows graphics data to be captured and saved. group: GRAPHICS:Set Up product: MP ME ST DY PR EM FL PP ED
Lab
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I Commands Label specifying the operation to be performed: CAPTURE -Capture the image from the graphics window to a new window. RESTORE -Restore the image from a file to a new window. SAVE -Save the contents of the graphic window to a file. DELETE -Delete the window that contains the file.
Fname
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Ext
Filename extension (8 character maximum). If no extension is specified, bmp will be used on Windows systems, and img will be used on Unix systems.
Dir
Menu Paths
Prev IGESOUT Prev IMAGIN I Commands Next IMAGIN Next
IMAGIN
Name
IMAGIN, IR, IA, --, --, Name, --, --, FACTA Forms an imaginary variable from a complex variable. group: POST26:Operations
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I Commands product: MP ME ST DY PR EM PP ED
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IR
IA

--, --
Unused fields.
Name
--, --
Unused fields.
FACTA
Notes
This command forms a new variable from a complex variable by storing the imaginary part as the real part. The imaginary part can then be used in other operations. Used only with harmonic analyses (ANTYPE,HARMIC). Complex variables are stored in two-column arrays with the real component stored in the first column and the imaginary component stored in the second column. This command extracts the value stored in the second column (i.e., imaginary component). However, with harmonic analyses, all variables are stored in two -column arrays as complex variables. If the variable is not complex, then the same value is stored in both columns. This command will extract the variable in the second column of the array, even if this variable is not the imaginary component of a complex variable.
Menu Paths
Main Menu>TimeHist Postpro>Math Operations>Imaginary Part
Prev /IMAGE
Next IMMED
20.05.2004
I Commands IMMED I Commands
Page 19 of 40
Prev
Next
IMMED
Name
IMMED, KEY Allows immediate display of a model as it is generated. group: GRAPHICS:Set Up product: MP ME ST DY PR EM FL PP ED
KEY
Immediate mode key: 0 -Display only upon request, i.e., no immediate display (default with the GUI off). 1 -Display immediately as model is generated (default with the GUI on).
Command Default
As described above.
Notes
Allows immediate display of a model (as it is generated) without a screen erase or a display request. Available only during an interactive session at a graphics display terminal. A valid graphics device name must first be specified on the /SHOW command. The IMMED command allows you to control whether or not the model is displayed immediately as it is generated in an interactive session. By default in the GUI, your model will immediately be displayed in the Graphics Window as you create new entities (such as areas, keypoints, nodes, elements, local coordinate systems, boundary conditions, etc.). This is called immediate mode graphics. Also note that symbols (such as boundary conditions, local coordinate system triads, etc.) are shown immediately and will be present on subsequent displays unless you "turn off" the appropriate symbol using the GUI plot controls function or the appropriate graphics specification command. An immediate image will also be automatically scaled to fit nicely within the Graphics Window -- a feature called automatic scaling. The new scaling is usually apparent on the automatic replot associated with immediate mode. To suppress automatic replot, issue /UIS,REPLOT,0. (With automatic replot suppressed, the immediate image may not always be automatically scaled correctly.)
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I Commands
Page 20 of 40
Note
An immediate display in progress should not be aborted with the usual system "break" feature (or else the ANSYS session itself will be aborted). When you run the ANSYS program interactively without using the GUI, immediate mode is off by default. This command is valid only in PREP7.
Menu Paths
Utility Menu>PlotCtrls>Erase Options>Immediate Display
Prev IMAGIN Prev IMPD I Commands
Next IMPD Next
IMPD
Name
IMPD, Vpath, Ipath, Vsymm, Isymm Calculates the impedance of a conductor at a reference plane. group: POST1:Magnetics Calculations product: MP ME EM PP ED
Vpath
Path name for a predefined path [PATH command] for calculating the EMF (voltage drop) from the conductor to a reference point. The path should start at the outer conductor wall and end at a reference voltage point.
Ipath
Path name for a predefined path [PATH command] for calculating the MMF (current) in a conductor. The path should traverse a closed contour surrounding the conductor, and you should define the path in a counterclockwise direction.
Vsymm
Symmetry factor applied to the calculated EMF (voltage drop). The EMF (voltage drop) from the conductor to the reference point is multiplied by Vsymm.
Isymm
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I Commands
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Symmetry factor applied to the calculated current. The calculated current is multiplied by Isymm.
Notes
Used in a harmonic high-frequency electromagnetic analysis, IMPD calculates the impedance of a conductor at a reference plane from the EMF (voltage) and MMF (current) at the reference plane. The EMF (voltage drop) is calculated by a line integral from the input path name (specified by the Vpath argument) that extends from the conductor to a reference point. The MMF (current) is calculated by a closed path around the conductor from the input path name (specified with Ipath). In cases having modeled symmetry, you can multiply the voltage drop or current by symmetry factors (Vsymm and Isymm respectively). This command macro returns the scalar parameters Zre and Zim, representing the real and imaginary components of the impedance. See magnetic macros for further details.
Menu Paths
Main Menu>General Postproc>Elec&Mag Calc>Impedance
Prev IMMED Prev /INPUT I Commands
Next /INPUT Next
/INPUT
Name
/INPUT, Fname, Ext, Dir, LINE, LOG Switches the input file for the commands that follow. group: SESSION:Run Controls product: MP ME ST DY PR EM FL PP ED
Fname
File name (32 characters maximum). The file name defaults to the current Jobname if Ext is specified.
Ext
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I Commands Filename extension (8 character maximum).

Dir
Page 22 of 40

LINE
A value indicating either a line number in the file or a user-defined label in the file from which to begin reading the input file. (blank), 0, or 1 -Begins reading from the top of the file (default).
LINE_NUMBER
--
Begins reading from the specified line number in the file. :label -Begins reading from the first line beginning with the matching user-defined label : label (beginning with a colon (:), 8 characters maximum).
LOG
Indicates whether secondary input from this command should be recorded in the command log (File.LOG) and the database log: 0 -Record only the /INPUT command on the log (default). 1 -Record commands in the specified secondary file as they are executed.
Notes
Switches the input file for the next commands. Commands are read from this file until an end-of-file or another file switching directive is read. An end-of-file occurs after the last record of the file or when a /EOF command is read. An automatic switch back one level (to the previous file) occurs when an end-of-file is encountered. Twenty levels of nested file switching are allowed. Note that files including *DO, *USE, *ULIB, and the "Unknown Command" Macro have less nesting available because each of these operations also uses a level of file switching. For an interactive run, a /INPUT,TERM switches to the terminal for the next input. A /EOF read from the terminal then switches back to the previous file. A /INPUT (with a blank second field) switches back to the primary input file. Setting LOG = 1 on /INPUT causes all commands read from the specified file to be recorded in the command log ( File.LOG) and the internal database command log [LGWRITE]. This option is recommended if the log file will be used later (e.g., as batch input or as an analysis file for design optimization). The LOG = 1 option is only valid when the /INPUT occurs in the primary input file. Using LOG = 1 on a nested /INPUT or on a /INPUT within a do-loop will have no effect (i.e., commands in the secondary input file are not written to the command log). file://D:\Documents%20and%20Settings\Administrator\Local%20Settings\Temp\~hh... 20.05.2004
I Commands This command is valid in any processor.
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Menu Paths
Utility Menu>File>Read Input from
Prev IMPD Prev /INQUIRE I Commands
Next /INQUIRE Next
/INQUIRE
Name
/INQUIRE, StrArray, FUNC Returns system information to a parameter. group: APDL:Parameters product: MP ME ST DY PR EM FL PP ED
StrArray
Name of the "string array" parameter that will hold the returned values. String array parameters are similar to character arrays, but each array element can be as long as 128 characters.
FUNC
Specifies the type of system information returned: LOGIN -Returns the pathname of the login directory on UNIX systems or the pathname of the default directory (including drive letter) on Windows systems. DOCU -Returns the pathname of the ANSYS docu directory. PROG -Returns the pathname of the ANSYS executable directory. AUTH --
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I Commands Returns the pathname of the directory in which the license file resides. USER -Returns the name of the user currently logged-in. DIRECTORY -Returns the pathname of the current directory. JOBNAME --
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Returns the current Jobname. The value of Jobname can be up to 32 characters in length.
Returning the Value of an Environment Variable to a Parameter

If FUNC=ENV, the command format is /INQUIRE,StrArray,ENV, ENVNAME,Unix_sub. In this instance, ENV specifies that the command should return the value of an environment variable. The following defines the remaining fields:
ENVNAME
Specifies the name of the environment variable.

Unix_sub
This argument pertains to UNIX platforms only. If Unix_sub=1, the substring to the left of the colon (:) is returned. If Unix_sub=2, the substring to the right of the colon (:) is returned. If this argument is either blank or 0, the entire value of the environment variable is returned.
Returning the Value of a Title to a Parameter

If FUNC = TITLE, the command format is /INQUIRE,StrArray,TITLE,Title_num. In this context, the value of Title_num can be blank or 1 through 5. If the value is 1 or blank, the title is returned. If the value is 2 through 5, a corresponding subtitle is returned (2 denoting the first subtitle, and so on).
Returning Information About a File to a Parameter

The /INQUIRE command can also return information about specified files within the file system. These capabilities only work under Compaq UNIX, AIX, and Windows NT. For these capabilities, the format is /INQUIRE,StrArray,FUNC,Fname, Ext, Dir. The following defines the fields:
StrArray
Name of the "string array" parameter that will hold the returned values. These are similar to character arrays, but each array element can be as long as 128 characters.
FUNC
Specifies the type of file information returned: EXIST --
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I Commands Returns a 1 if the specified file exists, and 0 if it does not. DATE --
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Returns the date stamp of the specified file in the format yyyymmdd.hhmmss. SIZE -Returns the size of the specified file in MB. WRITE -Returns the status of the write attribute. A 0 denotes no write permission while a 1 denotes write permission. READ -Returns the status of the read attribute. A 0 denotes no read permission while a 1 denotes read permission. EXEC -Returns the status of the execute attribute (this has meaning only in UNIX). A 0 denotes no execute permission while a 1 denotes execute permission. LINES -Returns the number of lines in an ASCII file.
Fname

Ext

Dir
Notes
The /INQUIRE command is valid in any processor.
Menu Paths
Prev
Next
20.05.2004
I Commands /INPUT Prev INRES I Commands
Page 26 of 40 INRES Next
INRES
Name
INRES, Item1, Item2, Item3, Item4, Item5, Item6, Item7, Item8 Identifies the data to be retrieved from the results file. group: POST1:Controls product: MP ME ST DY PR EM FL PP ED
Item1, Item2, Item3, Item4, Item5, Item6, Item7, Item8
Data to be read into the database from the results file. May consist of any of the following labels: ALL -All solution items (default). BASIC -NSOL, RSOL, NLOAD, STRS, FGRAD, and FFLUX items. NSOL -Nodal DOF solution. RSOL -Nodal reaction loads. ESOL -Element solution items (includes all of the following): NLOAD -Element nodal loads. STRS -Element nodal stresses.
20.05.2004
I Commands EPEL -Element elastic strains. EPTH -Element thermal, initial, and swelling strains. EPPL -Element plastic strains. EPCR -Element creep strains. FGRAD -Element nodal gradients. FFLUX -Element nodal fluxes. MISC -Element miscellaneous data (SMISC and NMISC).
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Notes
Identifies the type of data to be retrieved from the results file for placement into the database through commands such as SET, SUBSET , and APPEND. INRES is a companion command to the OUTRES command controlling data written to the database and the results file. Since the INRES command can only flag data that has already been written to the results file, care should be taken when using the OUTRES command to include all data you wish to retrieve for postprocessing later on.
Menu Paths
Main Menu>General Postproc>Data & File Opts
Prev /INQUIRE Prev INRTIA I Commands
Next INRTIA Next
INRTIA
I Commands
Page 28 of 40
Name
INRTIA Specifies "Inertial loads" as the subsequent status topic. group: SOLUTION:Status product: MP ME ST DY PR EM FL PP ED
Notes
Menu Paths
Utility Menu>List>Loads>Inertia Loads Utility Menu>List>Status>Solution>Inertia Loads
Prev INRES Prev INT1 I Commands
Next INT1 Next
INT1
Name
INT1, IR, IY, IX, , Name, , , FACTA, FACTB, CONST Integrates a variable. group: POST26:Operations product: MP ME ST DY PR EM FL PP ED
IR
Arbitrary reference number assigned to the resulting variable (2 to NV [NUMVAR]). If this number is the same as for a previously defined variable, the previously defined variable will be overwritten with this result. Table values represent integrated sum of IY to current table position of IX.
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I Commands
IY, IX
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Integrate variable IY with respect to IX.
Unused field.
Name
,
Unused fields.
FACTA, FACTB
CONST
Initial value.
Notes
Integrates variables according to the operation:
IR
= ? ( FACTA x IY) d(FACTB x IX) + CONST
Menu Paths
Main Menu>TimeHist Postpro>Math Operations>Integrate
Prev INRTIA Prev INTSRF I Commands
Next INTSRF Next
INTSRF
Name
INTSRF , Lab Integrates nodal results on an exterior surface. group: POST1:Special Purpose
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I Commands product: MP ME ST DY FL PP ED
Page 30 of 40
Lab
Label indicating degree of freedom to be integrated: PRES -Pressure. TAUW -Wall shear stress. FLOW -Both pressure and wall shear stress.
Notes
Integrates nodal results on a surface. Use node selection (such as the EXT option of the NSEL command) to indicate the surface(s) of element faces to be used in the integration. A surface can be "created" by unselecting elements (such as unselecting non-fluid elements that are adjacent to fluid elements for the postprocessing of fluid flow result). Element faces attached to the selected nodes will be automatically determined. All nodes on a face must be selected for the face to be used. The integration results will cancel for nodes on common faces of adjacent selected elements. Integration results are in the active coordinate system (see the RSYS command). The type of results coordinate system must match the type used in the analysis. However, you may translate and rotate forces and moments as needed. Use the *GET command (Utility Menu>Parameters>Get Scalar Data) to retrieve the results.
Menu Paths
Main Menu>General Postproc>Nodal Calcs>Surface Integral
Prev INT1 Prev IOPTN I Commands
Next IOPTN Next
IOPTN
Name
IOPTN, Lab, VAL1 Controls options relating to importing a model.
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I Commands group: AUX15:IGES product: MP ME ST DY PR EM FL PP ED
Page 31 of 40
Lab
Label identifying the import option. The meaning of VAL1 will vary depending on Lab. STAT -List overall status of import facilities, including current option values. VAL1 is ignored. DEFA -Set default values for all import options. VAL1is ignored. MERG -Entity merge option. VAL1 can be: YES -Automatic merging is performed (default). NO -No merging of entities. SOLID -Solid option. VAL1 can be: YES -Solid is created automatically (default). NO -No solid created. GTOLER -Entity merging tolerance. Valid arguments for VAL1 depend on value of IGES. If IGES = FACETED, then GTOLER, VAL1 is a numeric value used as a multiplying factor to change the maximum model dimension. If IGES = SMOOTH, then GTOLER, VAL1 can be: DEFA -Use system defaults (default). FILE -Use tolerance from the imported file.
20.05.2004
I Commands n -A user-specified tolerance value. IGES -IGES import option. VAL1 can be: STAT -List status of IGES related options in the output window. SMOOTH (or RV52) Use more robust IGES revision 5.2 import function (default). FACETED (or RV53) Use defeaturing database. SMALL -Small areas option. VAL1 can be: YES -Small areas are deleted (default). NO -Small areas are retained.
VAL1
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Additional input value as described under each option for Lab.
Command Default
Merging will be performed during the IGES transfer with no global solid model tolerance (GTOLER) used.
Notes
Controls various options during a model file transfer (e.g., IGESIN command). A global solid model tolerance (GTOLER) can be specified. IOPTN,SMALL,YES (default value) will delete small areas and can cause geometrical inconsistencies that could cause the import process to abort. Retaining the small areas will increase processor time and memory usage. The two IGES translation options, SMOOTH and FACETED, determine which graphics database will be used when IGES files are read into ANSYS. If the SMOOTH option is chosen (default), the data is stored in the standard ANSYS graphics database. If the FACETED option is used, the defeaturing database is used and a special set of geometry repair and enhancement tools, designed
20.05.2004
I Commands specifically for use with files imported from CAD systems, are made available.
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The SMOOTH option is capable of reading in any rational B-spline curve entity (type 126), or rational B-spline surface entity (type 128) with a degree less than or equal to 20. Attempts to read in B-spline curve or surface entities of degree higher than 20 may result in error messages. The FACETED option translates all IGES topological and geometric entities. The option ignores data such as dimensions, text, annotation entities, structure entities, and any IGES entities that the filter doesn't recognize. The FACETED option is not recommended for large, complex geometries. If you issue the /CLEAR command, the IOPTN settings will return to their default. If IOPTN, MERG, YES is used, merging of coincident geometry items is performed automatically when the IGESIN command is issued. (In other words, an internal NUMMRG,KP command is issued.) The model will be merged with the consideration tolerance (TOLER on NUMMRG) set equal to 0.75 * the shortest distance between the endpoints of any active line. See the NUMMRG command for more information on these tolerances. In most cases, this default merging is appropriate. The IOPTN command should be used when you want to turn off merging operations, override the default merging and specify a global solid model tolerance value (GTOLER), or turn off the automatic creation of solids (SOLID). If used, the IOPTN command should be issued before the IGESIN command. You cannot change these options once your model has been imported or created. If you must change these options, clear the database using the /CLEAR command (or exit and restart ANSYS), set the correct options, and re-import or recreate the model. This command is valid in any processor.
Menu Paths
Prev INTSRF Prev IRLF I Commands
Next IRLF Next
IRLF
Name
IRLF, KEY Specifies that inertia relief calculations are to be performed. group: SOLUTION:Inertia product: MP ME ST PR PP ED
KEY
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I Commands Calculation key: 0 -No inertia relief calculations. 1 -Counter-balance loads with inertia relief forces. -1 -Pre-calculate masses for summary printout only (no inertia relief).
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Command Default
No inertia relief calculations.
Notes
Specifies that the program is to calculate accelerations to counter-balance the applied loads (inertia relief). Displacement constraints on the structure should be only those necessary to prevent rigidbody motions (3 are needed for a 2-D structure and 6 for a 3-D structure). The sum of the reaction forces at the constraint points will be zero. Accelerations are calculated from the element mass matrices and the applied forces. Data needed to calculate the mass (such as density) must be input. Both translational and rotational accelerations may be calculated. This option applies only to the static (ANTYPE,STATIC) analysis. Nonlinearities, substructures and axisymmetric elements are not allowed. Models with both 2-D and 3-D element types are not recommended. Loads may be input as usual. Displacements and stresses are calculated as usual. Use IRLIST to print inertia relief calculation results. The mass and moment of inertia summary printed before the solution is accurate (because of the additional pre-calculations required for inertia relief). See the ANSYS, Inc. Theory Reference for calculation details. See also the ANSYS Structural Analysis Guide for procedural details. If the inertia relief calculation is to be performed in the second or later load step, you must specify EMATWRITE,YES in the initial load step for the element matrices needed to perform the calculations to be available. This command is also valid in PREP7.
Menu Paths
Main Menu>Preprocessor>Loads>Other>Inertia Relief Main Menu>Preprocessor>Loads>Output Ctrls>Incl Mass Summry Main Menu>Solution>Other>Inertia Relief Main Menu>Solution>Output Ctrls>Incl Mass Summry
Prev IOPTN
Next IRLIST
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Next
IRLIST
Name
IRLIST Prints inertia relief summary table. group: POST1:Listing product: MP ME ST DY PR PP ED
Notes
Prints the inertia relief summary data, including the mass summary table, the total load summary table, and the inertia relief summary table resulting from the inertia relief calculations. These calculations are performed in the solution phase [SOLVE or PSOLVE] as specified by the IRLF command. Inertia relief output is stored in the database rather than in the results file ( Jobname.RST). When you issue IRLIST, ANSYS pulls the information from the database, which contains the inertia relief output from the most recent solution [SOLVE or PSOLVE]. This command is valid in any processor.
Menu Paths
Prev IRLF Prev ISFILE I Commands
Next ISFILE Next
ISFILE
Name
ISFILE, Option , Fname, Ext, Dir, LOC, MAT1, MAT2, MAT3, MAT4, MAT5, MAT6, MAT7, MAT8, MAT9, MAT10 Reads an initial stress state from a file into ANSYS. group: SOLUTION:Misc Loads product: MP ME ST PR PP ED
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Option
Label identifying the option to be performed. READ -Read initial stress data from the specified file (default). LIST -List initial stresses that have been previously read in. LIST may take an elements ID or ALL as an option to list a particular layer of the element. DELE -Delete initial stresses that have been previously read in. DELE may take an elements ID or ALL as an option to list a particular layer of the element.
Fname
If Option=READ, Fname is the file name and directory path (32 characters maximum). Defaults to Jobname. If Option=LIST or DELETE, input the element number for which initial stresses are to be listed or deleted in this field. If is blank, it defaults to all currently selected elements. For the layered SHELL181 element, the next field (Ext.) can be used to list or delete the initial stress specification for a specific layer of the element. Remaining fields are ignored.
Ext
Filename extension (8 character maximum). The extension defaults to IST if Fname is blank. Layer number if Option=LIST or DELETE and the element type is layered SHELL181.
Dir

LOC
Global location flag. This flag indicates where the initial stresses are to be applied within each element. 0 -Element centroid (default). 1 -Integration points.
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Element specific locations. For this option, you must specify a location flag with each element stress record in the initial stress file. 3 -Constant stress state. The first stress record on the initial stress file is used to initiate a constant stress state for all elements.
MAT1, MAT2, MAT3, MAT4, MAT5, MAT6, MAT7, MAT8, MAT9, MAT10
Materials to which the initial stresses should apply. If not specified, the stresses apply to all materials.
Notes
This command reads initial stresses from an ASCII file (initial stress file) and applies them as loads in an ANSYS structural analysis. The initial stress import capability is supported by the following element types: PLANE2, PLANE42, SOLID45, PLANE82, SOLID92, SOLID95, LINK180, SHELL181, PLANE182, PLANE183, SOLID185, SOLID186, SOLID187, BEAM188, and BEAM189. This command operates only on the currently selected set of elements. The element numbers in the initial stress file must match those in the selected set. The initial stresses must be specified in the element local coordinate system. If an element coordinate system (ESYS) is defined for an element, the initial stresses must be specified in this coordinate system. The format of the initial stress file is documented in Initial Stress Loading in the ANSYS Basic Analysis Guide. The optional list of materials can be specified as individual material numbers and/or ranges of materials. A range is specified by using three consecutive MAT slots with the first slot being one end of the range, the second slot being the other end of the range, and the third slot being the increment to use for the range. It is not necessary to enter the lower end of the range first. The increment must be entered as a negative number. For example, to specify that the stresses apply to material 1 and the even material numbers from 2 to 8, you would enter 1,2,8,-2 in four consecutive MAT slots. The option READ allows for layered SHELL181 element. The element record on the initial stress file is automatically extended to allow for initial stress specification for every layer The options LIST and DELE may take an elements ID or ALL as an option.to list a particular layer of the element. If the element number is ignored, it lists lists or deletes the inital stress definition for all elements.If the specific element number is defined, it does the listing or deleting for all layers of the element. If a layer number is provided, it does those operations only for that layer.The initial stress command will overwrite any previous initial stress specification. You cannot use more than one method (ISTRESS , ISFILE , or the USTRESS user subroutine) to input initial stresses for an element. ISWRITE can be used to write out initial stress values to an ASCII file. The ISFILE command will overwrite any previous initial stress specification applied through the ISFILE or ISTRESS commands. The ISFILE command is only available in SOLUTION. This command is not supported by CDWRITE.
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Menu Paths
Main Menu>Solution>Initial Stress>Delete Stresses Main Menu>Solution>Initial Stress>List Stresses Main Menu>Solution>Initial Stress>Read IS File
Prev IRLIST Prev ISTRESS I Commands
Next ISTRESS Next
ISTRESS
Name
ISTRESS , Sx, Sy, Sz, Sxy, Syz, Sxz, MAT1, MAT2, MAT3, MAT4, MAT5, MAT6, MAT7, MAT8, MAT9, MAT10 Defines a set of initial stress values. group: SOLUTION:Misc Loads product: MP ME ST DY PR EM FL PP ED
Sx, Sy, Sz, Sxy, Syz, Sxz
Initial, constant stress values.

MAT1, MAT2, MAT3, MAT4, MAT5, MAT6, MAT7, MAT8, MAT9, MAT10
Materials to which the initial stresses should apply. If not specified, the stresses apply to all materials.
Notes
ISTRESS is available only in the solution phase. The command provides a set of initial stress values which are applied in an ANSYS structural analysis. It only operates on the currently selected set of elements, and is supported by the following element types: PLANE2, PLANE42, SOLID45, PLANE82, SOLID92, SOLID95, LINK180, SHELL181, PLANE182, PLANE183, SOLID185, SOLID186, SOLID187, BEAM188, and BEAM189. The initial stresses must be specified in the element local coordinate system. If an element coordinate system (ESYS command) is defined for an element, the initial stress values must be supplied in that coordinate system. After setting the stress, it may be listed or deleted for any specific element or for all elements using ISFILE. The optional list of materials can be specified as individual material numbers and/or ranges of file://D:\Documents%20and%20Settings\Administrator\Local%20Settings\Temp\~hh... 20.05.2004
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materials. A range is specified by using three consecutive MAT slots with the first slot being one end of the range, the second slot being the other end of the range, and the third slot being the increment to use for the range. It is not necessary to enter the lower end of the range first. The increment must be entered as a negative number. For example, to specify that the stresses apply to material 1 and the even material numbers from 2 to 8, you would enter 1,2,8,-2 in four consecutive MAT slots. You cannot use more than one method (ISTRESS , ISFILE , or the USTRESS user subroutine) to input initial stresses for an element. The ISTRESS command will overwrite the initial stress specified previously by the ISFILE or ISTRESS commands. This command is not supported by the CDWRITE command.
Menu Paths
Main Menu>Solution>Initial Stress>Apply Const Strs Main Menu>Solution>Initial Stress>Apply Const Strs
Prev ISFILE Prev ISWRITE I Commands
Next ISWRITE Next
ISWRITE
Name
ISWRITE,Switch Writes an ASCII file containing the initial stress values. group: SOLUTION:Misc Loads product: MP ME ST DY PR EM FL PP ED
Switch
Determines whether an initial stress file is written (or not). ON -Writes an initial stress file with the name Jobname.ist. OFF -Does not write the initial stress file.
Notes
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ISWRITE is available only in the solution phase. The command writes a file containing the stresses. Should an initial stress file of the same name already exist, the file is overwritten. This command is not supported by the CDWRITE command. For nonlinear analysis, the stresses are calculated at the integration points when convergence occurs. For linear analysis, the stresses are calculated when the solution is finished. The format of the initial stress file is documented in Initial Stress Loading in the ANSYS Basic Analysis Guide
Menu Paths
Main Menu>Solution>Initial Stress>Write Stresses
Prev ISTRESS
Next J Commands
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J Commands J Commands ANSYS Commands Reference
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J Commands
Table of Contents JPEG
Prev ISWRITE Prev JPEG J Commands
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JPEG
Name
JPEG, Kywrd, OPT Provides JPEG file export for ANSYS displays. group: GRAPHICS: Set Up product: MP ME ST DY PR EM FL PP ED
Kywrd
Specifies various JPEG file export options. QUAL -If Kywrd = QUAL, then OPT is an integer value defining the JPEG quality index on an arbitrary scale ranging from 1 to 100. The default value is 75. ORIENT -If Kywrd = ORIENT, then OPT will determine the orientation of the entire plot. OPT can be either Horizontal (default) or Vertical. COLOR -If Kywrd = COLOR, then OPT will determne the color depth of the saved file. OPT can be 0, 1, or 2, corresponding to Black and White, Grayscale, and Color (default), file://D:\Documents%20and%20Settings\Administrator\Local%20Settings\Temp\~hh... 20.05.2004
J Commands respectively. TMOD --
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If Kywrd = TMOD, then OPT will determine the text method. OPT can be either 1 or 0, corresponding to bitmap text (default) or line stroke text, respectively. DEFAULT -If Kywrd = DEFAULT, then all of the default values, for all of the Kywrd parameters listed above, are active.
OPT OPT
can have the following names or values, depending on the value for Kywrd (see above).
1 to 100 -If Kywrd = QUAL, a value between 1 and 100 will determine the quality index of the JPEG file. Horizontal, Vertical -If Kywrd = ORIENT, the terms Horizontal or Vertical determine the orientation of the plot. 0,1,2 -If Kywrd = COLOR, the numbers 0,1,and 2 correspond to Black and White, Grayscale and Color, respectively. 1,0 -If Kywrd = TMOD, the values 1 and 0 determine whether bitmap (1) or stroke text (0) fonts will be used
Notes
ANSYS JPEG software is based in part on the work of JPEG (Joint Photographic Expert's Group).
Menu Paths
Utility Menu>PlotCtrls>HardCopy>ToFile
Prev J Commands
Next K Commands
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K Commands K Commands ANSYS Commands Reference
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K Commands
Table of Contents K KATT KBC KBETW KCALC KCENTER KCLEAR KDELE KDIST KEEP KESIZE KEYOPT KEYPTS KEYW KFILL KGEN KL KLIST KMESH KMODIF KMOVE KNODE KPLOT KPSCALE KREFINE KSCALE KSCON KSEL KSLL KSLN KSUM KSYMM KTRAN KUSE KWPAVE KWPLAN
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K Commands
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K
Name
K, NPT, X, Y, Z Defines a keypoint. group: PREP7:Keypoints product: MP ME ST DY PR EM FL PP ED
NPT
Reference number for keypoint. If zero, the lowest available number is assigned [NUMSTR].
X, Y, Z
Keypoint location in the active coordinate system (may be R, ,Z or R, , ). If X = P, graphical picking is enabled and all other fields (including NPT) are ignored (valid only in the GUI).
Notes
Defines a keypoint in the active coordinate system [CSYS] for line, area, and volume descriptions. A previously defined keypoint of the same number will be redefined. Keypoints may be redefined only if it is not yet attached to a line or is not yet meshed. Solid modeling in a toroidal system is not recommended.
Menu Paths
Main Menu>Preprocessor>Create>Keypoints>In Active CS Main Menu>Preprocessor>Create>Keypoints>On Working Plane
Prev K Commands Prev KATT K Commands
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KATT
Name
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KATT, MAT, REAL, TYPE, ESYS Associates attributes with the selected, unmeshed keypoints. group: PREP7:Meshing product: MP ME ST DY PR EM FL PP ED
MAT, REAL, TYPE, ESYS
Material number, real constant set number, type number, and coordinate system number to be associated with selected, unmeshed keypoints.
Notes
Keypoints subsequently generated from the keypoints will also have these attributes. These element attributes will be used when the keypoints are meshed. If a keypoint does not have attributes associated with it (by this command) at the time it is meshed, the attributes are obtained from the then current MAT, REAL ,TYPE, and ESYS command settings. Reissue the KATT command (before keypoints are meshed) to change the attributes. A zero (or blank) argument removes the corresponding association. If any of the arguments MAT, REAL, TYPE, or ESYS are defined as -1, then that value will be left unchanged in the selected set. In some cases, ANSYS can proceed with a keypoint meshing operation even when no logical element type has been assigned via KATT ,,,TYPE or TYPE. For more information, see the discussion on setting element attributes in Meshing Your Solid Model in the ANSYS Modeling and Meshing Guide.
Menu Paths
Main Menu>Preprocessor>Define>All Keypoints Main Menu>Preprocessor>Define>Picked KPs
Prev K Prev KBC K Commands
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KBC
Name
KBC, KEY Specifies stepped or ramped loading within a load step. group: SOLUTION:Load Step Options file://D:\Documents%20and%20Settings\Administrator\Local%20Settings\Temp\~hh... 20.05.2004
K Commands product: MP ME ST PR EM PP ED
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KEY
Ramping key: 0 -Loads are linearly interpolated (ramped) for each substep from the values of the previous load step to the values of this load step. 1 -Loads are step changed (stepped) at the first substep of this load step to the values of this load step (i.e., the same values are used for all substeps). Useful for rate-dependent behavior (e.g., creep, viscoplasticity, etc.) or transient load steps only.
Command Default
When SOLCONTROL is ON, ANSYS performs ramped loading if ANTYPE,STATIC, or if ANTYPE,TRANS and TIMINT ,OFF. It performs stepped loading if ANTYPE,TRANS and TIMINT,ON. (In a transient analysis, TIMINT,ON is the default.) When SOLCONTROL is OFF, ramped loading for all types of transient or nonlinear analysis.
Notes
Specifies whether loads applied to intermediate substeps within the load step are to be stepped or ramped. Used only if DTIME on the DELTIM command is less than the time span or, conversely, if NSBSTP on the NSUBST command is greater than one. Flags (FSI, MXWF, MVDI, etc.) are always stepped. For ramped loading (KBC,0), when a load is applied for the first time, it is interpolated from zero to the value of the current load step, and not from the initial condition or value of the DOF from the previous load step. Tabular boundary conditions do not support ramping and instead apply their full value regardless of the KBC setting. Irrespective of the KBC setting, loads are usually step-removed. See Stepping or Ramping Loads in the ANSYS Basic Analysis Guide for more information. It sometimes is difficult to obtain successful convergence with stepped loading in a nonlinear transient problem. If divergence is encountered, check if stepped loading was used by default, then determine if it is appropriate for the analysis. If you run an analysis with SOLCONTROL,ON, but do not issue the KBC command, ANSYS will choose whether or not to use stepped or ramped loads. The program-chosen option will be recorded on the load step files as KBC,-1. This command is also valid in PREP7.
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Menu Paths
Main Menu>Preprocessor>Loads>Time/Frequenc>Freq and Substps Main Menu>Preprocessor>Loads>Time/Frequenc>Time - Time Step Main Menu>Preprocessor>Loads>Time/Frequenc>Time and Substps Main Menu>Solution>Sol'n Controls Main Menu>Solution>Time/Frequenc>Freq and Substps Main Menu>Solution>Time/Frequenc>Time - Time Step Main Menu>Solution>Time/Frequenc>Time and Substps
Prev KATT Prev KBETW K Commands
Next KBETW Next
KBETW
Name
KBETW, KP1, KP2 , KPNEW, Type, VALUE Creates a keypoint between two existing keypoints. group: PREP7:Keypoints product: MP ME ST DY PR EM FL PP ED
KP1
First keypoint. If KP1 = P, graphical picking is enabled and all remaining command fields are ignored (valid only in the GUI).
KP2
Second keypoint.
KPNEW
Number assigned to the new keypoint. Defaults to the lowest available keypoint number.
Type
Type of input for VALUE. RATIO -Value is the ratio of the distances between keypoints as follows: ( KP1-KPNEW)/( KP1- KP2).
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Value is the absolute distance between KP1 and KPNEW (valid only if current coordinate system is Cartesian).
VALUE
Location of new keypoint, as defined by Type (defaults to 0.5). If VALUE is a ratio (Type = RATIO) and is less than 0 or greater than 1, the keypoint is created on the extended line. Similarly, if VALUE is a distance ( Type = DIST) and is less than 0 or greater than the distance between KP1 and KP2, the keypoint is created on the extended line.
Notes
Placement of the new keypoint depends on the currently active coordinate system [CSYS]. If the coordinate system is Cartesian, the keypoint will lie on a straight line between KP1 and KP2. If the system is not Cartesian (e.g., cylindrical, spherical, etc.), the keypoint will be located as if on a line (which may not be straight) created in the current coordinate system between KP1 and KP2. Note that solid modeling in a toroidal coordinate system is not recommended.
Menu Paths
Main Menu>Preprocessor>Create>Keypoints>KP between KPs
Prev KBC Prev KCALC K Commands
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KCALC
Name
KCALC, KPLAN, MAT, KCSYM, KLOCPR Calculates stress intensity factors in fracture mechanics analyses. group: POST1:Special Purpose product: MP ME ST PR PP ED
KPLAN
Plane stress key: 0 --
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K Commands Use plane strain or axisymmetric displacement extrapolation. 1 -Use plane stress displacement extrapolation.
MAT
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Material number used in the extrapolation (defaults to 1).

KCSYM
Symmetry key: 0 or 1 -Half-crack model with symmetry boundary conditions [DSYM] in the crack-tip coordinate system. KII = KIII = 0. Three nodes are required on the path. 2 -Like 1 except with antisymmetric boundary conditions (K I = 0). 3 -Full-crack model (both faces). Five nodes are required on the path (one at the tip and two on each face).
KLOCPR
Local displacements print key: 0 -Do not print local crack-tip displacements. 1 -Print local displacements used in the extrapolation technique.
Notes
Calculates the stress intensity factors (K I , KII , and KIII ) associated with homogeneous isotropic linear elastic fracture mechanics. A displacement extrapolation method is used in the calculation (see the ANSYS, Inc. Theory Reference). The PATH and PPATH commands must be used to define a path with the crack face nodes ( NODE1 at the crack tip, NODE2 and NODE3 on one face, NODE4 and NODE5 on the other (optional) face). A crack-tip coordinate system, having x parallel to the crack face (and perpendicular to the crack front) and y perpendicular to the crack face, must be the active RSYS and CSYS before KCALC is issued.
Menu Paths
Main Menu>General Postproc>Nodal Calcs>Stress Int Factr
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Prev KBETW Prev KCENTER K Commands
Next KCENTER Next
KCENTER
Name
KCENTER, Type, VAL1, VAL2, VAL3, VAL4, KPNEW Creates a keypoint at the center of a circular arc defined by three locations. group: PREP7:Keypoints product: MP ME ST DY PR EM FL PP ED
Type
Type of entity used to define the circular arc. The meaning of VAL1-VAL4 will vary depending on Type. If Type = P, graphical picking is enabled and all remaining command fields are ignored (valid only in the GUI). KP -Arc is defined by keypoints. LINE -Arc is defined by locations on a line.
VAL1, VAL2, VAL3, VAL4
Values used to specify three locations on the arc (see table below).
KPNEW
Number assigned to new keypoint. Defaults to the lowest available keypoint number. VAL1 -VAL4 Definitions If Type = KP, inputs VAL1- VAL4 are defined as follows: VAL1 First keypoint. VAL2 file://D:\Documents%20and%20Settings\Administrator\Local%20Settings\Temp\~hh... 20.05.2004
K Commands Second keypoint. VAL3 Third keypoint. VAL4
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Arc radius. If VAL4 = 0 or blank (default), the arc is defined by the three keypoints specified as VAL1, VAL2, and VAL3 and arc radius is not used. If VAL4 is non-zero, VAL1, VAL2, and VAL4 are used to calculate the center point, and VAL3 is used to locate the center point as follows: VAL4>0 -Center point and VAL3 are on the same side of the line between the first two keypoints. VAL4<0 -Center point and VAL3 are on opposite sides of the line between the first two keypoints. If Type = LINE, inputs VAL1- VAL4 are defined as follows: VAL1 Line number. VAL2 Line ratio (0 to 1) indicating the first location (defaults to 0). VAL3 Line ratio (0 to 1) indicating the second location (defaults to 0.5). VAL4 Line ratio (0 to 1) indicating the third location (defaults to 1).
Notes
KCENTER should be used in the Cartesian coordinate system (CSYS,0) only. This command provides three methods to define a keypoint at the center of three locations. As shown below, the center point can be calculated based on a) three keypoints, b) three keypoints and a radius, or c) three locations on a line. Note that for method c, if a circular line is specified by VAL1, VAL2-VAL4 are not needed.
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Menu Paths
Main Menu>Preprocessor>Create>Keypoints>KP at center>3 KPs and radius Main Menu>Preprocessor>Create>Keypoints>KP at center>3 keypoints Main Menu>Preprocessor>Create>Keypoints>KP at center>Location on line
Prev KCALC Prev KCLEAR K Commands
Next KCLEAR Next
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KCLEAR
Name
KCLEAR, NP1, NP2, NINC Deletes nodes and point elements associated with selected keypoints. group: PREP7:Meshing product: MP ME ST DY PR EM FL PP ED
NP1, NP2, NINC
Delete mesh for keypoints NP1 to NP2 (defaults to NP1) in steps of NINC (defaults to 1). If NP1 = ALL, NP2 and NINC are ignored and the mesh for all selected keypoints [KSEL] is deleted. If NP1 = P, graphical picking is enabled and all remaining command fields are ignored (valid only in the GUI). A component name may also be substituted for NP1.
Notes
Deletes all nodes and point elements associated with selected keypoints (regardless of whether the nodes or elements are selected). Nodes associated with non-point elements will not be deleted. Attributes assigned as a result of KATT are maintained. In the program's response to the command, if a keypoint is tallied as "cleared," it means either its node or element reference was deleted.
Menu Paths
Main Menu>Preprocessor>Clear>Keypoints
Prev KCENTER Prev KDELE K Commands
Next KDELE Next
KDELE
Name
KDELE, NP1, NP2, NINC Deletes unmeshed keypoints. group: PREP7:Keypoints product: MP ME ST DY PR EM FL PP ED file://D:\Documents%20and%20Settings\Administrator\Local%20Settings\Temp\~hh... 20.05.2004
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NP1, NP2, NINC
Delete keypoints from NP1 to NP2 (defaults to NP1) in steps of NINC (defaults to 1). If NP1 = ALL, NP2 and NINC are ignored and all selected keypoints [KSEL] are deleted. If NP1 = P, graphical picking is enabled and all remaining command fields are ignored (valid only in the GUI). A component name may also be substituted for NP1 (NP2 and NINC are ignored).
Notes
Deletes selected keypoints. A keypoint attached to a line cannot be deleted unless the line is first deleted.
Menu Paths
Main Menu>Preprocessor>Delete>Keypoints Main Menu>Preprocessor>Topo Repair>Delete>Keypoints
Prev KCLEAR Prev KDIST K Commands
Next KDIST Next
KDIST
Name
KDIST, KP1, KP2 Calculates and lists the distance between two keypoints. group: PREP7:Keypoints product: MP ME ST DY PR EM FL PP ED
KP1
First keypoint in distance calculation. If KP1 = P, graphical picking is enabled and all remaining command fields are ignored (valid only in the GUI).
KP2
Second keypoint in distance calculation.
Notes
K Commands
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KDIST lists the distance between keypoints KP1 and KP2, as well as the current coordinate system offsets from KP1 to KP2, where the X, Y, and Z locations of KP1 are subtracted from the X, Y, and Z locations of KP2 (respectively) to determine the offsets. KDIST is valid in any coordinate system except toroidal [CSYS,3]. KDIST returns a variable, called "_RETURN," which contains the distance value. You can use this value for various purposes; for example, to set the default number of line divisions to be generated along region boundary lines [ESIZE,_RETURN].
Menu Paths
Main Menu>Preprocessor>Check Geom>KP distances
Prev KDELE Prev KEEP K Commands
Next KEEP Next
KEEP
Name
KEEP , Key Stores POST26 definitions and data during active session. group: POST26:Display product: MP ME ST DY PR EM FL PP ED
Key
State or value On or 1 -Allows you to exit and reenter /POST26 without losing your current time history variable information. Keeps a cache of the /POST26 variable information including the active file name (FILE), variable definitions (NSOL, ESOL, GAPF, RFORCE , SOLU, EDREAD) and stored variable data in memory for the current ANSYS session. Off or 0 -/POST26 variable information is deleted when you exit /POST26.
Command Default
ON - Hold time history information in memory. You can, for example, move back and forth
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between /POST1 and /POST26 without redefining and storing the time history variables each time you enter /POST26.
Notes
Your variable information is saved in memory only for the current active ANSYS session. It is deleted when you exit ANSYS. This information is also deleted when you issue /CLEAR, RESUME, SOLVE , or RESET . When you reenter /POST26 all time history variable data is available for use. Variable definitions stored do not include those created by math operations such as ADD or PROD. For example, if you issue STORE, NEW only the variables defined via NSOL ,ESOL,GAPF,RFORCE , SOLU, and EDREAD will be restored. Only the last active results file name is kept in memory (FILE ). Commands such as LAYERP26, SHELL , and FORCE that specify the location or a component of data to be stored will retain the setting at the time of exiting /POST26 .
Menu Paths
Main Menu>TimeHist Postpro>Settings>Data
Prev KDIST Prev KESIZE K Commands
Next KESIZE Next
KESIZE
Name
KESIZE , NPT, SIZE, FACT1, FACT2 Specifies the edge lengths of the elements nearest a keypoint. group: PREP7:Meshing product: MP ME ST DY PR EM FL PP ED
NPT
Number of the keypoint whose lines will be adjusted. If ALL, use all selected keypoints [KSEL]. If NPT = P, graphical picking is enabled and all remaining command fields are ignored (valid only in the GUI).
SIZE
Size of elements along lines nearest keypoint NPT (overrides any other specified size). If SIZE
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K Commands is zero (or blank), use FACT1 or FACT2.

FACT1
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Scale factor applied to a previously defined SIZE. Not used if SIZE is input.
FACT2
Scale factor applied to the minimum element division at keypoint NPT for any attached line. This feature is useful with adaptive mesh refinement. Not used if SIZE or FACT1 is input.
Notes
Affects only the line divisions adjacent to the keypoint on lines not previously assigned divisions by other line commands [LESIZE, etc.]. The remaining line divisions are determined from the division nearest the keypoint at the other end of the line (specified by another KESIZE command or the ESIZE command). Divisions are transferred to the lines during the mesh operation. If smart element sizing is being used [SMRTSIZE], KESIZE specifications may be overridden (i.e., a smaller element size may be used) to accommodate curvature and small features. This command is valid in any processor.
Menu Paths
Main Menu>Preprocessor>Size Cntrls>All KPs Main Menu>Preprocessor>Size Cntrls>Clr Size Main Menu>Preprocessor>Size Cntrls>Picked KPs
Prev KEEP Prev KEYOPT K Commands
Next KEYOPT Next
KEYOPT
Name
KEYOPT , ITYPE, KNUM, VALUE Sets element key options. group: PREP7:Element Type product: MP ME ST DY PR EM FL PP ED
ITYPE
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K Commands Element type number as defined on the ET command.

KNUM
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Number of the KEYOPT to be defined (KEYOPT(KNUM)).

VALUE
Value of this KEYOPT.
Notes
Alternative to inputting KEYOPT values on ET command. Must be used if KEYOPT(7) or greater values are to be input. ITYPE must first be defined with the ET command.
Menu Paths
Main Menu>Preprocessor>Element Type>Add/Edit/Delete Main Menu>Preprocessor>FLOTRAN Set Up>Flow Environment>FLOTRAN Coor Sys Main Menu>Preprocessor>FLOTRAN Set Up>Multiple Species Main Menu>Solution>FLOTRAN Set Up>Flow Environment>FLOTRAN Coor Sys Main Menu>Solution>FLOTRAN Set Up>Multiple Species
Prev KESIZE Prev KEYPTS K Commands
Next KEYPTS Next
KEYPTS
Name
KEYPTS Specifies "Keypoints" as the subsequent status topic. group: PREP7:Status product: MP ME ST DY PR EM FL PP ED
Notes
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K Commands
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Menu Paths
Prev KEYOPT Prev KEYW K Commands
Next KEYW Next
KEYW
Name
KEYW, Keyword, KEY Sets a keyword used by the GUI for context filtering (GUI). group: SESSION:Run Controls product: MP ME ST DY PR EM FL PP ED
Keyword
A keyword which, when set to either true or false, changes the behavior of the GUI.
KEY
Keyword switch: 0 -Sets the keyword to "false." 1 -Sets the keyword to "true."
Notes
Defines a keyword used by the GUI for context filtering. This is a command generated by the GUI and may appear in the log file (Jobname.LOG) if the GUI is used. This command is usually not typed in directly in an ANSYS session. This command is valid in any processor.
Menu Paths
Main Menu>Preferences file://D:\Documents%20and%20Settings\Administrator\Local%20Settings\Temp\~hh... 20.05.2004
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Prev KEYPTS Prev KFILL K Commands
Next KFILL Next
KFILL
Name
KFILL, NP1, NP2, NFILL, NSTRT, NINC, SPACE Generates keypoints between two keypoints. group: PREP7:Keypoints product: MP ME ST DY PR EM FL PP ED
NP1, NP2
Beginning and ending keypoints for fill-in. NP1 defaults to next to last keypoint specified, NP2 defaults to last keypoint specified. If NP1 = P, graphical picking is enabled and all remaining command fields are ignored (valid only in the GUI).
NFILL
Fill NFILL keypoints between NP1 and NP2 (defaults to | NP2-NP1|-1). NFILL must be positive.
NSTRT
Keypoint number assigned to first filled-in keypoint (defaults to NP1 + NINC).

NINC
Add this increment to each of the remaining filled-in keypoint numbers (may be positive or negative). Defaults to ( NP2-NP1)/( NFILL + 1), i.e., linear interpolation.
SPACE
Notes
Generates keypoints (in the active coordinate system) between two existing keypoints. The two keypoints may have been defined in any coordinate system. However, solid modeling in a toroidal coordinate system is not recommended. Any number of keypoints may be filled in and any keypoint numbering sequence may be assigned.
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K Commands
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Menu Paths
Main Menu>Preprocessor>Create>Keypoints>Fill between KPs
Prev KEYW Prev KGEN K Commands
Next KGEN Next
KGEN
Name
KGEN, ITIME, NP1, NP2, NINC, DX, DY, DZ, KINC, NOELEM, IMOVE Generates additional keypoints from a pattern of keypoints. group: PREP7:Keypoints product: MP ME ST DY PR EM FL PP ED
ITIME
Do this generation operation a total of ITIME times, incrementing all keypoints in the given pattern automatically (or by KINC) each time after the first. ITIME must be more than 1 for generation to occur.
NP1, NP2, NINC
Generate keypoints from the pattern of keypoints beginning with NP1 to NP2 (defaults to NP1) in steps of NINC (defaults to 1). If NP1 = ALL, NP2 and NINC are ignored and the pattern is all selected keypoints [KSEL]. If NP1 is negative, NP2 and NINC are ignored and the last |NP1| keypoints (in sequence from the highest keypoint number) are used as the pattern to be repeated. If NP1 = P, graphical picking is enabled and all remaining command fields are ignored (valid only in the GUI). A component name may also be substituted for NP1 ( NP2 and NINC are ignored).
DX, DY, DZ
Keypoint location increments in the active coordinate system (DR,D DR,D ,D for spherical).
KINC
,DZ for cylindrical,
Keypoint increment between generated sets. If zero, the lowest available keypoint numbers are assigned [NUMSTR ].
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K Commands
NOELEM
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Specifies if elements and nodes are also to be generated: 0 -Generate nodes and point elements associated with the original keypoints, if they exist. 1 -Do not generate nodes and elements.
IMOVE
Specifies whether keypoints will be moved or newly defined: 0 -Generate additional keypoints as requested with the ITIME argument. 1 -Move original keypoints to new position retaining the same keypoint numbers ( ITIME, KINC, and NOELEM are ignored). Valid only if the old keypoints are no longer needed at their original positions. Corresponding meshed items are also moved if not needed at their original position.
Notes
Generates additional keypoints (and corresponding mesh) from a given keypoint pattern. The MAT, TYPE, REAL, and ESYS attributes are based upon the keypoints in the pattern and not upon the current settings. Generation is done in the active coordinate system. Keypoints in the pattern may have been defined in any coordinate system. However, solid modeling in a toroidal coordinate system is not recommended.
Menu Paths
Main Menu>Preprocessor>Copy>Keypoints
Prev KFILL Prev KL K Commands
Next KL Next
KL
Name
KL, NL1, RATIO, NK1 Generates a keypoint at a specified location on an existing line.
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K Commands group: PREP7:Keypoints product: MP ME ST DY PR EM FL PP ED
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NL1
Number of the line. If negative, the direction of line (as interpreted for RATIO) is reversed. If NL1 = P, graphical picking is enabled and all remaining command fields are ignored (valid only in the GUI).
RATIO
Ratio of line length to locate keypoint. Must be between 0.0 and 1.0. Defaults to 0.5 (divide the line in half).
NK1
Number to be assigned to keypoint generated at division location (defaults to lowest available keypoint number [NUMSTR ]).
Menu Paths
Main Menu>Preprocessor>Create>Keypoints>On Line w/Ratio Main Menu>Preprocessor>Create>Keypoints>On Line
Prev KGEN Prev KLIST K Commands
Next KLIST Next
KLIST
Name
KLIST, NP1, NP2, NINC, Lab Lists the defined keypoints or hard points. group: PREP7:Keypoints product: MP ME ST DY PR EM FL PP ED
NP1, NP2, NINC
List keypoints from NP1 to NP2 (defaults to NP1) in steps of NINC (defaults to 1). If NP1 = ALL file://D:\Documents%20and%20Settings\Administrator\Local%20Settings\Temp\~hh... 20.05.2004
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(default), NP2 and NINC are ignored and all selected keypoints [KSEL] are listed. If NP1 = P, graphical picking is enabled and all remaining command fields are ignored (valid only in the GUI). A component name may also be substituted for NP1 (NP2 and NINC are ignored).
Lab
Coordinate listing key: (blank) -List all keypoint information. COORD -Suppress all but the keypoint coordinates (shown to a higher degree of accuracy than when displayed with all information). HPT -List only hard point information.
Notes
Lists keypoints in the active display coordinate system [DSYS]. An attribute (TYPE, MAT, REAL, or ESYS) listed as a zero is unassigned; one listed as a positive value indicates that the attribute was assigned with the KATT command (and will not be reset to zero if the mesh is cleared); one listed as a negative value indicates that the attribute was assigned using the attribute pointer [TYPE, MAT, REAL, or ESYS] that was active during meshing (and will be reset to zero if the mesh is cleared). This command is valid in any processor.
Menu Paths
Utility Menu>List>Keypoints>Coordinates +Attributes Utility Menu>List>Keypoints>Coordinates only Utility Menu>List>Keypoints>Hard Points
Prev KL Prev KMESH K Commands
Next KMESH Next
KMESH
Name
KMESH, NP1, NP2, NINC Generates nodes and point elements at keypoints.
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K Commands group: PREP7:Meshing product: MP ME ST DY PR EM FL PP ED
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NP1, NP2, NINC
Mesh keypoints from NP1 to NP2 (defaults to NP1) in steps of NINC (defaults to 1). If NP1 = ALL, NP2 and NINC are ignored and all selected keypoints [KSEL] are meshed. If NP1 = P, graphical picking is enabled and all remaining command fields are ignored (valid only in the GUI). A component name may also be substituted for NP1.
Notes
Missing nodes required for the generated elements are created and assigned the lowest available numbers.
Menu Paths
Main Menu>Preprocessor>Mesh>Keypoints
Prev KLIST Prev KMODIF K Commands
Next KMODIF Next
KMODIF
Name
KMODIF, NPT, X, Y, Z Modifies an existing keypoint. group: PREP7:Keypoints product: MP ME ST DY PR EM FL PP ED
NPT
Modify coordinates of this keypoint. If NPT = ALL, modify coordinates of all selected keypoints [KSEL]. If NPT = P, graphical picking is enabled and all remaining command fields are ignored (valid only in the GUI). A component name may also be substituted for NPT.
X, Y, Z
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Replace the previous coordinate values assigned to this keypoint with these corresponding coordinate values. Values are interpreted according to the active coordinate system (R, ,Z for cylindrical, R, , for spherical). If X = P, graphical picking is used to locate keypoint and Y and Z are ignored. A blank retains the previous value. You cannot specify Y = P.
Notes
Lines, areas, and volumes attached to the modified keypoint (if any) must all be selected and will be redefined using the active coordinate system. However, solid modeling in a toroidal coordinate system is not recommended. Warning--Redefined entities may be removed from any defined components and assemblies. Nodes and elements will be automatically cleared from any redefined keypoints, lines, areas, or volumes.
Menu Paths
Main Menu>Preprocessor>Move / Modify>Set of KPs Main Menu>Preprocessor>Move / Modify>Single KP
Prev KMESH Prev KMOVE K Commands
Next KMOVE Next
KMOVE
Name
KMOVE, NPT, KC1, X1, Y1, Z1, KC2, X2, Y2, Z2 Calculates and moves a keypoint to an intersection. group: PREP7:Keypoints product: MP ME ST DY PR EM FL PP ED
NPT
Move this keypoint. If NPT = P, graphical picking is enabled and all remaining command fields are ignored (valid only in the GUI). A component name may also be substituted for NPT.
KC1
First coordinate system number. Defaults to 0 (global Cartesian).

X1, Y1, Z1
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Input one or two values defining the location of the keypoint in this coordinate system. Input "U" for unknown value(s) to be calculated and input "E" to use an existing coordinate value. Fields are R1, 1,Z1 for cylindrical, or R1, 1, 1 for spherical.
KC2
Second coordinate system number.

X2, Y2, Z2
Input two or one value(s) defining the location of the keypoint in this coordinate system. Input "U" for unknown value(s) to be calculated and input "E" to use an existing coordinate value. Arguments are R2, 2,Z2 for cylindrical, or R2, 2, 2 for spherical.
Notes
Calculates and moves a keypoint to an intersection location. The keypoint must have been previously defined (at an approximate location) or left undefined (in which case it is internally defined at the SOURCE location). The actual location is calculated from the intersection of three surfaces (implied from three coordinate constants in two different coordinate systems). Note that solid modeling in a toroidal coordinate system is not recommended. See the MOVE command for surface and intersection details. The three (of six) constants easiest to define should be used. The program will calculate the remaining three coordinate constants. All arguments, except KC1, must be input. Use the repeat command [*REPEAT] after the KMOVE command to move a series of keypoints, if desired.
Menu Paths
Main Menu>Preprocessor>Move / Modify>To Intersect
Prev KMODIF Prev KNODE K Commands
Next KNODE Next
KNODE
Name
KNODE, NPT, NODE Defines a keypoint at an existing node location. group: PREP7:Keypoints product: MP ME ST DY PR EM FL PP ED
NPT
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Arbitrary reference number for keypoint. If zero, the lowest available number is assigned [NUMSTR ].
NODE
Node number defining global X, Y, Z keypoint location. If NODE = P, graphical picking is enabled and all remaining command fields are ignored (valid only in the GUI). A component name may also be substituted for NODE.
Menu Paths
Main Menu>Preprocessor>Create>Keypoints>On Node
Prev KMOVE Prev KPLOT K Commands
Next KPLOT Next
KPLOT
Name
KPLOT, NP1, NP2, NINC, Lab Displays the selected keypoints. group: PREP7:Keypoints product: MP ME ST DY PR EM FL PP ED
NP1, NP2, NINC
Display keypoints from NP1 to NP2 (defaults to NP1) in steps of NINC (defaults to 1). If NP1 = ALL (default), NP2 and NINC are ignored and all selected keypoints [KSEL] are displayed.
Lab
Determines what keypoints are plotted (one of the following): (blank) -Plots all keypoints. HPT -Plots only those keypoints that are hard points.
Notes
K Commands This command is valid in any processor.
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Menu Paths
Utility Menu>Plot>Keypoints>Hardpoints Utility Menu>Plot>Keypoints>Keypoints Utility Menu>Plot>Specified Entities>Keypoints
Prev KNODE Prev KPSCALE K Commands
Next KPSCALE Next
KPSCALE
Name
KPSCALE , NP1, NP2, NINC, RX, RY, RZ, KINC, NOELEM, IMOVE Generates a scaled set of (meshed) keypoints from a pattern of keypoints. group: PREP7:Keypoints product: MP ME ST DY PR EM FL PP ED
NP1, NP2, NINC
Set of keypoints (NP1 to NP2 in steps of NINC) that defines the pattern to be scaled. NP2 defaults to NP1, NINC defaults to 1. If NP1 = ALL, NP2 and NINC are ignored and the pattern is defined by all selected keypoints. If NP1 = P, graphical picking is enabled and all remaining command fields are ignored (valid only in the GUI). A component name may also be substituted for NP1 (NP2 and NINC are ignored).
RX, RY, RZ
Scale factors to be applied to the X, Y, Z keypoint coordinates in the active coordinate system (RR, R , RZ for cylindrical; RR, R , R for spherical). The R and R scale factors are interpreted as angular offsets. For example, if CSYS = 1, an RX, RY, RZ input of (1.5,10,3) would scale the specified keypoints 1.5 times in the radial and 3 times in the Z direction, while adding an offset of 10 degrees to the keypoints.) Zero, blank, or negative scale factor values are assumed to be 1.0. Zero or blank angular offsets have no effect.
KINC
Increment to be applied to the keypoint numbers for generated set. If zero, the lowest available keypoint numbers will be assigned [NUMSTR]. file://D:\Documents%20and%20Settings\Administrator\Local%20Settings\Temp\~hh... 20.05.2004
K Commands
NOELEM
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Specifies whether nodes and elements are also to be generated: 0 -Nodes and point elements associated with the original keypoints will be generated (scaled) if they exist. 1 -Nodes and point elements will not be generated.
IMOVE
Specifies whether keypoints will be moved or newly defined: 0 -Additional keypoints will be generated. 1 -Original keypoints will be moved to new position ( KINC and NOELEM are ignored). Use only if the old keypoints are no longer needed at their original positions. Corresponding meshed items are also moved if not needed at their original position.
Notes
Generates a scaled set of keypoints (and corresponding mesh) from a pattern of keypoints. The MAT, TYPE, REAL, and ESYS attributes are based on the keypoints in the pattern and not the current settings. Scaling is done in the active coordinate system. Keypoints in the pattern could have been generated in any coordinate system. However, solid modeling in a toroidal coordinate system is not recommended.
Menu Paths
Main Menu>Preprocessor>Operate>Scale>Keypoints
Prev KPLOT Prev KREFINE K Commands
Next KREFINE Next
KREFINE
Name
KREFINE, NP1, NP2, NINC, LEVEL, DEPTH, POST, RETAIN Refines the mesh around specified keypoints.
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K Commands group: PREP7:Meshing product: MP ME ST DY PR EM FL PP ED
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NP1, NP2, NINC
Keypoints ( NP1 to NP2 in increments of NINC) around which the mesh is to be refined. NP2 defaults to NP1, and NINC defaults to 1. If NP1 = ALL, NP2 and NINC are ignored and all selected keypoints are used for refinement. If NP1 = P, graphical picking is enabled and all remaining command fields are ignored (valid only in the GUI). A component name may also be substituted for NP1 (NP2 and NINC are ignored).
LEVEL
DEPTH
Depth of mesh refinement in terms of the number of elements outward from the indicated keypoints (defaults to 1).
POST
RETAIN
Flag indicating whether quadrilateral elements must be retained in the refinement of an allquadrilateral mesh. (The ANSYS program ignores the RETAIN argument when you are refining anything other than a quadrilateral mesh.) ON -The final mesh will be composed entirely of quadrilateral elements, regardless of the element quality (default). OFF --
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The final mesh may include some triangular elements in order to maintain element quality and provide transitioning.
Notes
KREFINE performs local mesh refinement around the specified keypoints. By default, the indicated elements are split to create new elements with 1/2 the edge length of the original elements ( LEVEL = 1). KREFINE refines all area elements and tetrahedral volume elements that are adjacent to the specified keypoints. Any volume elements that are adjacent to the specified keypoints, but are not tetrahedra (for example, hexahedra, wedges, and pyramids), are not refined. You cannot use mesh refinement on a solid model that contains initial conditions at nodes [IC], coupled nodes [CP family of commands], constraint equations [CE family of commands], or boundary conditions or loads applied directly to any of its nodes or elements. This applies to nodes and elements anywhere in the model, not just in the region where you want to request mesh refinement. See Revising Your Model in the ANSYS Modeling and Meshing Guide for additional restrictions on mesh refinement.
Menu Paths
Main Menu>Preprocessor>Modify Mesh>Keypoints Main Menu>Preprocessor>Modify Mesh>Keypoints
Prev KPSCALE Prev KSCALE K Commands
Next KSCALE Next
KSCALE
Name
KSCALE, KINC, NP1, NP2, NINC, RX, RY, RZ Generates a scaled pattern of keypoints from a given keypoint pattern. group: PREP7:Keypoints product: MP ME ST DY PR EM FL PP ED
KINC
Do this scaling operation one time, incrementing all keypoints in the given pattern by KINC. If KINC = 0, keypoints will be redefined at the scaled locations.
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K Commands
NP1, NP2, NINC
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Scale keypoints from pattern beginning with NP1 to NP2 (defaults to NP1) in steps of NINC (defaults to 1). If NP1 = ALL, NP2 and NINC are ignored and pattern is all selected keypoints [KSEL]. If NP1 = P, graphical picking is enabled and all remaining command fields are ignored (valid only in the GUI). A component name may also be substituted for NP1 ( NP2 and NINC are ignored).
RX, RY, RZ
Scale factor ratios. Scaling is relative to the origin of the active coordinate system (RR,R ,RZ for cylindrical, RR,R ,R for spherical). If > 1.0, pattern is enlarged. If < 1.0, pattern is reduced. Ratios each default to 1.0.
Notes
Generates a scaled pattern of keypoints from a given keypoint pattern. Scaling is done in the active coordinate system (see analogous node scaling [NSCALE]). Solid modeling in a toroidal coordinate system is not recommended.
Menu Paths
Prev KREFINE Prev KSCON K Commands
Next KSCON Next
KSCON
Name
KSCON, NPT, DELR, KCTIP, NTHET, RRAT Specifies a keypoint about which an area mesh will be skewed. group: PREP7:Meshing product: MP ME ST DY PR EM FL PP ED
NPT
Keypoint number at concentration. If NPT = ALL, use all selected keypoints. If remaining fields are blank, remove concentration from this keypoint (if unmeshed). If NPT = P, graphical picking is enabled and all remaining command fields are ignored (valid only in the GUI). A
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K Commands component name may also be substituted for NPT.

DELR
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Radius of first row of elements about keypoint.

KCTIP
Crack tip singularity key: 0 -Do not skew midside nodes, if any, within the element. 1 -Skew midside nodes of the first row of elements to the 1/4 point for crack tip singularity.
NTHET
Number of elements in circumferential direction (defaults to approximately one per 45 one per 30 , if KCTIP = 1)).
RRAT
(or
Ratio of 2nd row element size to DELR (defaults to 0.75, or 0.5 if KCTIP = 1).
Notes
Defines a concentration keypoint about which an area mesh will be skewed. Useful for modeling stress concentrations and crack tips. During meshing, elements are initially generated circumferentially about, and radially away, from the keypoint. Lines attached to the keypoint are given appropriate divisions and spacing ratios. Only one concentration keypoint per unmeshed area is allowed. Use KSCON,STAT to list current status of concentration keypoints. The KSCON command does not support 3-D modeling.
Menu Paths
Main Menu>Preprocessor>Size Cntrls>Create Main Menu>Preprocessor>Size Cntrls>List
Prev KSCALE Prev KSEL K Commands
Next KSEL Next
KSEL
K Commands
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Name
KSEL, Type, Item, Comp, VMIN, VMAX, VINC, KABS Selects a subset of keypoints or hard points. group: DATABASE:Selecting product: MP ME ST DY PR EM FL PP ED
Type
Label identifying the type of select: S -Select a new set (default). R -Reselect a set from the current set. A -Additionally select a set and extend the current set. U -Unselect a set from the current set. ALL -Restore the full set. NONE -Unselect the full set. INVE -Invert the current set (selected becomes unselected and vice versa). STAT -Display the current select status. The following fields are used only with Type = S,R,A, or U:
Item
Label identifying data. Valid item labels are shown in the table below. Some items also require a component label. If Item = P, graphical picking is enabled and all remaining command fields are ignored (valid only in the GUI). Defaults to KP. file://D:\Documents%20and%20Settings\Administrator\Local%20Settings\Temp\~hh... 20.05.2004
K Commands
Comp
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Component of the item (if required). Valid component labels are shown in the table below.
VMIN
Minimum value of item range. Ranges are keypoint numbers, coordinate values, attribute numbers, etc., as appropriate for the item. A component name (as specified on the CM command) may also be substituted for VMIN (VMAX and VINC are ignored). If Item = MAT, TYPE, REAL, or ESYS and if VMIN is positive, the absolute value of Item is compared against the range for selection; if VMIN is negative, the signed value of Item is compared. See the KLIST command for a discussion of signed attributes.
VMAX
Maximum value of item range. VMAX defaults to VMIN. If VMIN = VMAX, a tolerance of 0.005xVMIN is used, or 1.0E-6 if VMIN = 0.0. If VMAX VMIN, a tolerance of 1.0E-8x (VMAX- VMIN) is used.
VINC
Value increment within range. Used only with integer ranges (such as for keypoint numbers). Defaults to 1. VINC cannot be negative.
KABS
Absolute value key: 0 -Check sign of value during selection. 1 -Use absolute value during selection (sign ignored).
Command Default
All keypoints are selected.
Notes
Selects a subset of keypoints or hard points. For example, to select a new set of keypoints based on keypoint numbers 1 through 7, use KSEL,S,KP,,1,7. The selected subset is used when the ALL label is entered (or implied) on other commands, such as KLIST,ALL. Only data identified by keypoint number are selected. Data are flagged as selected and unselected; no data are actually deleted from the database. This command is valid in any processor. KSEL - Valid Item and Component Labels Valid Item and Component Labels KSEL, Type, Item, Comp, VMIN, VMAX, VINC, KABS file://D:\Documents%20and%20Settings\Administrator\Local%20Settings\Temp\~hh... 20.05.2004
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Item Comp Description KP Keypoint number. EXT Keypoint numbers on exterior of selected lines (ignore remaining fields). HPT Hard point number. LOC X,Y,Z X, Y, or Z location in the active coordinate system. MAT Material number associated with the keypoint. TYPE Element type number associated with the keypoint. REAL Real constant set number associated with the keypoint. ESYS Element coordinate system associated with the keypoint.
Menu Paths
Prev KSCON Prev KSLL K Commands
Next KSLL Next
KSLL
Name
KSLL, Type Selects those keypoints contained in the selected lines. group: DATABASE:Selecting product: MP ME ST DY PR EM FL PP ED
Type
Label identifying the type of keypoint select: S -Select a new set (default). R -Reselect a set from the current set. A -Additionally select a set and extend the current set.
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K Commands U -Unselect a set from the current set.
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Notes
Menu Paths
Prev KSEL Prev KSLN K Commands
Next KSLN Next
KSLN
Name
KSLN, Type Selects those keypoints associated with the selected nodes. group: DATABASE:Selecting product: MP ME ST DY PR EM FL PP ED
Type
Label identifying the type of keypoint select: S -Select a new set (default). R -Reselect a set from the current set. A -Additionally select a set and extend the current set. U -Unselect a set from the current set.
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Notes
Valid only if the nodes were generated by a meshing operation [KMESH, LMESH, AMESH, VMESH] on a solid model that contains the associated keypoints. This command is valid in any processor.
Menu Paths
Prev KSLL Prev KSUM K Commands
Next KSUM Next
KSUM
Name
KSUM Calculates and prints geometry statistics of the selected keypoints. group: PREP7:Keypoints product: MP ME ST DY PR EM FL PP ED
Notes
Calculates and prints geometry statistics (centroid location, moments of inertia, etc.) associated with the selected keypoints. Geometry items are reported in the global Cartesian coordinate system. A unit density is assumed, irrespective of any material associations [KATT , MAT]. Items calculated by KSUM and later retrieved by a *GET or *VGET command are valid only if the model is not modified after the KSUM command is issued.
Menu Paths
Main Menu>Preprocessor>Operate>Calc Geom Items>Of Keypoints
Prev KSLN Prev KSYMM K Commands
Next KSYMM Next
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KSYMM
Name
KSYMM, Ncomp, NP1, NP2, NINC, KINC, NOELEM, IMOVE Generates a reflected set of keypoints. group: PREP7:Keypoints product: MP ME ST DY PR EM FL PP ED
Ncomp
Symmetry key: X -X (or R) symmetry (default). Y -Y (or Z -Z (or

NP1, NP2, NINC
) symmetry.
) symmetry.
Reflect keypoints from pattern beginning with NP1 to NP2 (defaults to NP1) in steps of NINC (defaults to 1). If NP1 = ALL, NP2 and NINC are ignored and pattern is all selected keypoints [KSEL]. If Ncomp = P, graphical picking is enabled and all remaining command fields are ignored (valid only in the GUI). A component name may also be substituted for NP1 ( NP2 and NINC are ignored).
KINC
NOELEM
Specifies whether nodes and elements are also to be generated: 0 -Generate nodes and point elements associated with the original keypoints, if they exist. 1 -Do not generate nodes and elements.
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K Commands
IMOVE
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Specifies whether keypoints will be moved or newly defined: 0 -Generate additional keypoints. 1 -Move original keypoints to new position retaining the same keypoint numbers ( KINC and NOELEM are ignored). Valid only if the old keypoints are no longer needed at their original positions. Corresponding meshed items are also moved if not needed at their original position.
Notes
Generates a reflected set of keypoints (and corresponding mesh) from a given keypoint pattern by a symmetry reflection (see analogous node symmetry command, NSYM). The MAT, TYPE, REAL, and ESYS attributes are based upon the keypoints in the pattern and not upon the current settings. Reflection is done in the active coordinate system by changing a particular coordinate sign. Keypoints in the pattern may have been generated in any coordinate system. However, solid modeling in a toroidal coordinate system is not recommended.
Menu Paths
Main Menu>Preprocessor>Reflect>Keypoints
Prev KSUM Prev KTRAN K Commands
Next KTRAN Next
KTRAN
Name
KTRAN, KCNTO, NP1, NP2, NINC, KINC, NOELEM, IMOVE Transfers a pattern of keypoints to another coordinate system. group: PREP7:Keypoints product: MP ME ST DY PR EM FL PP ED
KCNTO
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K Commands
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Reference number of coordinate system where the pattern is to be transferred. Transfer occurs from the active coordinate system.
NP1, NP2, NINC
Transfer keypoints from pattern beginning with NP1 to NP2 (defaults to NP1) in steps of NINC (defaults to 1). If NP1 = ALL, NP2 and NINC are ignored and pattern is all selected keypoints [KSEL]. If NP1 = P, graphical picking is enabled and all remaining command fields are ignored (valid only in the GUI). A component name may also be substituted for NP1 ( NP2 and NINC are ignored).
KINC
NOELEM
Specifies whether nodes and elements are also to be generated: 0 -Generate nodes and point elements associated with the original keypoints, if they exist. 1 -Do not generate nodes and elements.
IMOVE
Specifies whether keypoints will be moved or newly defined: 0 -Generate additional keypoints. 1 -Move original keypoints to new position retaining the same keypoint numbers ( KINC and NOELEM are ignored). Valid only if the old keypoints are no longer needed at their original positions. Corresponding meshed items are also moved if not needed at their original position.
Notes
Transfers a pattern of keypoints (and corresponding mesh) from one coordinate system to another (see analogous node transfer command, TRANSFER). The MAT, TYPE, REAL, and ESYS attributes are based upon the keypoints in the pattern and not upon the current settings. Coordinate systems may be translated and rotated relative to each other. Initial pattern may be generated in any coordinate system. Coordinate values are interpreted in the active coordinate system and are transferred directly. Solid modeling in a toroidal coordinate system is not recommended.
Menu Paths
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K Commands Main Menu>Preprocessor>Move / Modify>Transfer Coord>Keypoints
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Prev KSYMM Prev KUSE K Commands
Next KUSE Next
KUSE
Name
KUSE , KEY Specifies whether or not to reuse the triangularized matrix. group: SOLUTION:Load Step Options product: MP ME ST PR EM PP ED
KEY
Reuse key: 0 -Program decides whether or not to reuse the previous triangularized stiffness matrix. 1 -Force the previous triangularized stiffness matrix to be reused. Used mainly in a restart. Forcing reuse of the matrix is a non-standard use of the program, and should be done with caution. For instance, using this option and changing the number of elements, or the number or type of degrees of freedom, may cause an abort. -1 -All element matrices are reformed and are used to reform a new triangularized stiffness matrix.
Command Default
Program makes decision.
Notes
Overrides the program logic to determine whether or not to reuse the previous triangularized stiffness matrix for each substep of this load step. Applies only to static or full transient analyses.
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K Commands This command is also valid in PREP7.
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Menu Paths
Main Menu>Preprocessor>Loads>Other>Reuse Tri Matrix Main Menu>Solution>Other>Reuse Tri Matrix
Prev KTRAN Prev KWPAVE K Commands
Next KWPAVE Next
KWPAVE
Name
KWPAVE, P1, P2, P3, P4, P5, P6, P7, P8, P9 Moves the working plane origin to the average location of keypoints. group: DATABASE:Working Plane product: MP ME ST DY PR EM FL PP ED
P1, P2, P3, P4, P5, P6, P7, P8, P9
Keypoints used in calculation of the average. At least one must be defined. If P1 = P, graphical picking is enabled and all remaining command fields are ignored (valid only in the GUI).
Notes
Moves the origin of the working plane to the average of the specified keypoints. Averaging is based on the active coordinate system. This command is valid in any processor.
Menu Paths
Utility Menu>WorkPlane>Offset WP to>Keypoints
Prev KUSE KWPLAN
Next KWPLAN
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K Commands Prev K Commands
Page 43 of 44 Next
KWPLAN
Name
KWPLAN, WN, KORIG, KXAX, KPLAN Defines the working plane using three keypoints. group: DATABASE:Working Plane product: MP ME ST DY PR EM FL PP ED
WN
Window number whose viewing direction will be modified to be normal to the working plane (defaults to 1). If WN is a negative value, the viewing direction will not be modified. If fewer than three points are used, the viewing direction of window WN will be used instead to define the normal to the working plane.
KORIG
Keypoint number defining the origin of the working plane coordinate system. If KORIG = P, graphical picking is enabled and all remaining command fields are ignored (valid only in the GUI).
KXAX
Keypoint number defining the x-axis orientation (defaults to the x-axis being parallel to the global X-axis; or if the normal to the working plane is parallel to the global X-axis, then defaults to being parallel to the global Y-axis).
KPLAN
Keypoint number defining the working plane (the normal defaults to the present display view [/VIEW ] of window WN).
Notes
Defines a working plane to assist in picking operations using three keypoints as an alternate to the WPLANE command. The three keypoints also define the working plane coordinate system. A minimum of one keypoint (at the working plane origin) is required. Immediate mode may also be active. See WPSTYL command to set the style of working plane display. This command is valid in any processor.
Menu Paths
K Commands Utility Menu>WorkPlane>Align WP with>Keypoints
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Prev KWPAVE
Next L Commands
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L Commands L Commands ANSYS Commands Reference
Page 1 of 107
Prev
Next
L Commands
Table of Contents L L2ANG L2TAN LANG LARC /LARC LAREA LARGE LATT LAYER LAYERP26 LAYLIST LAYPLOT LCABS LCASE LCCALC LCCAT LCDEF LCFACT LCFILE LCLEAR LCOMB LCOPER LCSEL LCSL LCSUM LCWRITE LCZERO LDELE LDIV LDRAG LDREAD LESIZE LEXTND LFILLT LFSURF LGEN LGLUE LGWRITE /LIGHT LINA LINE /LINE
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L Commands LINES LINL LINP LINV LIST *LIST LLIST LMATRIX LMESH LNCOLLAPSE LNDETACH LNFILL LNMERGE LNSPLIT LNSRCH LOCAL LOVLAP LPLOT LPTN LREFINE LREVERSE LROTAT LSBA LSBL LSBV LSBW LSCLEAR LSDELE LSEL LSLA LSLK LSOPER /LSPEC LSREAD LSSCALE LSSOLVE LSTR LSUM LSWRITE /LSYMBOL LSYMM LTAN LTRAN LUMPM LVSCALE LWPLAN
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Prev KWPLAN Prev L L Commands
Next L Next
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L Commands
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L
Name
L, P1, P2, NDIV, SPACE, XV1, YV1, ZV1, XV2, YV2, ZV2 Defines a line between two keypoints. group: PREP7:Lines product: MP ME ST DY PR EM FL PP ED
P1
Keypoint at the beginning of line. If P1 = P, graphical picking is enabled and all remaining command fields are ignored (valid only in the GUI).
P2
Keypoint at the end of line.

NDIV
Number of element divisions within this line. Normally this field is not used; specifying divisions with LESIZE, etc. is recommended.
SPACE
Spacing ratio. Normally this field is not used, as specifying spacing ratios with the LESIZE command is recommended. If positive, SPACE is the nominal ratio of the last division size (at P2) to the first division size (at P1). If the ratio is greater than 1, the division sizes increase from P1 to P2, and if less than 1, they decrease. If SPACE is negative, then | SPACE| is the nominal ratio of the center division size to those at the ends. The following fields are used only if specified end slopes on the line are desired, otherwise zero curvature end slopes will be automatically calculated to produce a line which is "straight" in the active coordinate system. To specify end slopes, use the following fields to define a "slope vector" (one for each end of the line, if desired) that has its tail at the origin and its head at the point XV,YV,ZV in the active coordinate system [CSYS]. The corresponding end slope of the line will then be parallel to this "slope vector."
XV1, YV1, ZV1
Location (in the active coordinate system) of the head of the "slope vector" corresponding to the slope at the P1 end of the line. The tail of the vector is at the origin of the coordinate system.
XV2, YV2, ZV2
Location of the head of the "slope vector" corresponding to the slope at the P2 end of the line.
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Notes
Defines a line between two keypoints from P1 to P2. The line shape may be generated as "straight" (in the active coordinate system) or curved. The line shape is invariant with coordinate system after it is generated. Note that solid modeling in a toroidal coordinate system is not recommended. A curved line is limited to 180. Lines may be redefined only if not yet attached to an area.
Menu Paths
Main Menu>Preprocessor>Create>Lines>In Active Coord
Prev L Commands Prev L2ANG L Commands
Next L2ANG Next
L2ANG
Name
L2ANG, NL1, NL2, ANG1, ANG2, PHIT1, PHIT2 Generates a line at an angle with two existing lines. group: PREP7:Lines product: MP ME ST DY PR EM FL PP ED
NL1
Number of the first line to be hit (touched by the end of the new line). If negative, assume P1 (see below) is the second keypoint of the line instead of the first. If NL1 = P, graphical picking is enabled and all remaining command fields are ignored (valid only in the GUI).
NL2
Number of the second line to be hit. If negative, assume P3 is the second keypoint of the line instead of the first.
ANG1
Angle of intersection (usually zero or 180) of generated line with tangent to first line.
ANG2
Angle of intersection (usually zero or 180) of generated line with tangent to second line.
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L Commands
PHIT1
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Number to be assigned to keypoint generated at hit location on first line (defaults to lowest available keypoint number [NUMSTR]).
PHIT2
Number to be assigned to keypoint generated at hit location on second line (defaults to lowest available keypoint number [NUMSTR]).
Notes
Generates a straight line (PHIT1- PHIT2) at an angle ( ANG1) with an existing line NL1 ( P1-P2) and which is also at an angle ( ANG2) with another existing line NL2 (P3-P4). If the angles are zero the generated line is tangent to the two lines. The PHIT1 and PHIT2 locations on the lines are automatically calculated. Line P1- P2 becomes P1-PHIT1, P3-P4 becomes P3- PHIT2, and new lines PHIT1-P2, PHIT2- P4, and PHIT1-PHIT2 are generated. Line divisions are set to zero (use LESIZE, etc. to modify).
Menu Paths
Main Menu>Preprocessor>Create>Lines>Angle to 2 Lines Main Menu>Preprocessor>Create>Lines>Norm to 2 Lines
Prev L Prev L2TAN L Commands
Next L2TAN Next
L2TAN
Name
L2TAN, NL1, NL2 Generates a line tangent to two lines. group: PREP7:Lines product: MP ME ST DY PR EM FL PP ED
NL1
Number of the first line generated line is tangent to. If negative, assume P1 (see below) is the second keypoint of the line instead of the first. If NL1 = P, graphical picking is enabled and all remaining command fields are ignored (valid only in the GUI).
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L Commands
NL2
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Number of the second line generated line is tangent to. If negative, assume P3 is the second keypoint of the line instead of the first.
Notes
Generates a line (P2- P3) tangent at point P2 to line NL1 (P1- P2) and tangent at point P3 to line NL2 (P3- P4).
Menu Paths
Main Menu>Preprocessor>Create>Lines>Tan to 2 Lines
Prev L2ANG Prev LANG L Commands
Next LANG Next
LANG
Name
LANG, NL1, P3, ANG, PHIT, LOCAT Generates a straight line at an angle with a line. group: PREP7:Lines product: MP ME ST DY PR EM FL PP ED
NL1
Number of the line to be hit (touched by the end of the new line). If negative, assume P1 (see below) is the second keypoint of the line instead of the first. If NL1 = P, graphical picking is enabled and all remaining command fields are ignored (valid only in the GUI).
P3
Keypoint at which generated line must end.

ANG
Angle of intersection of generated line PHIT-P3 with tangent to line P1-P2 at PHIT. If 0 (default), the generated line is tangent to NL1; if 90, the generated line is perpendicular to NL1. ANG can be any value, but is adjusted to the corresponding acute angle with respect to LOCAT. See Notes section for a discussion of accuracy.
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L Commands
PHIT
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Number to be assigned to keypoint generated at hit location (defaults to lowest available keypoint number [NUMSTR ]).
LOCAT
Approximate location of PHIT in terms of the ratio of the distance along the line ( NL1) to the length of the line. LOCAT can range from 0 to 1. If LOCAT is blank, the point will be located with less speed and accuracy, and an arbitrary location may result.
Notes
Generates a straight line (PHIT- P3) at an angle ( ANG) with a line NL1 (P1-P2). The location of PHIT on the line is automatically calculated. Line P1-P2 becomes P1-PHIT and new lines PHIT- P2 and PHITP3 are generated. Line divisions are set to zero (use LESIZE, etc. to modify). is positioned closest to LOCAT for the given angle, ANG. To ensure better performance, it is recommended that LOCAT be input, even if it is 0.
PHIT
The program uses an iterative procedure to position PHIT. The procedure is not exact, with the result that the actual value of ANG will sometimes differ slightly from the specified value.
Menu Paths
Main Menu>Preprocessor>Create>Lines>At angle to line Main Menu>Preprocessor>Create>Lines>Normal to Line
Prev L2TAN Prev LARC L Commands
Next LARC Next
LARC
Name
LARC, P1, P2, PC, RAD Defines a circular arc. group: PREP7:Lines product: MP ME ST DY PR EM FL PP ED
P1
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L Commands
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Keypoint at one end of circular arc line. If P1 = P, graphical picking is enabled and all remaining command fields are ignored (valid only in the GUI).
P2
Keypoint at other end of circular arc line.

PC
Keypoint defining plane of arc and center of curvature side (with positive radius). Must not lie along the straight line from P1 to P2. PC need not be at the center of curvature.
RAD
Radius of curvature of the arc. If negative, assume center of curvature side is opposite to that defined by PC. If RAD is blank, RAD will be calculated from a curve fit through P1, PC, and P2.
Notes
Defines a circular arc line from P1 to P2. The line shape is generated as circular, regardless of the active coordinate system. The line shape is invariant with coordinate system after it is generated. When dealing with a large radius arc (1e3), or if the location of the arc you create is far away from the origin of your coordinate system, anomalies may occur. You can prevent this by creating the arc at a smaller scale, and then scaling the model back to full size (LSSCALE).
Menu Paths
Main Menu>Preprocessor>Create>Arcs>By End KPs & Rad Main Menu>Preprocessor>Create>Arcs>Through 3 KPs
Prev LANG Prev /LARC L Commands
Next /LARC Next
/LARC
Name
/LARC, XCENTR, YCENTR, XLRAD, ANGLE1, ANGLE2 Creates annotation arcs (GUI). group: GRAPHICS:Annotation product: MP ME ST DY PR EM FL PP ED
L Commands
XCENTR
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Arc X center location (-1.0 < X < 1.0).

YCENTR
Arc Y center location (-1.0 < Y < 1.0).

XLRAD
Arc radius length.

ANGLE1
Starting angle of arc.

ANGLE2
Ending angle of arc. The arc is drawn counterclockwise from the starting angle, ANGLE1, to the ending angle, ANGLE2.
Notes
Defines annotation arcs to be written directly onto the display at a specified location. This is a command generated by the Graphical User Interface (GUI) and will appear in the log file (Jobname.LOG) if annotation is used. This command is not intended to be typed in directly in an ANSYS session (although it can be included in an input file for batch input or for use with the /INPUT command). All arcs are shown on subsequent displays unless the annotation is turned off or deleted. Use the /LSPEC command to set the attributes of the arc. This command is valid in any processor.
Menu Paths
Prev LARC Prev LAREA L Commands
Next LAREA Next
LAREA
Name
LAREA, P1, P2, NAREA Generates the shortest line between two keypoints on an area. file://D:\Documents%20and%20Settings\Administrator\Local%20Settings\Temp\~hh... 20.05.2004
L Commands group: PREP7:Lines product: MP ME ST DY PR EM FL PP ED
Page 10 of 107
P1
First keypoint of line to be generated. If P1 = P, graphical picking is enabled and all remaining command fields are ignored (valid only in the GUI).
P2
Second keypoint of line to be generated.

NAREA
Area containing P1 and P2, or area to which generated line is to be parallel.
Notes
Generates the shortest line between two keypoints, P1 and P2, both of which lie on an area. The generated line will also lie on the area. P1 and P2 may also be equidistant (in global Cartesian space) from the area (and on the same side of the area), in which case a line parallel to the area is generated.
Menu Paths
Main Menu>Preprocessor>Create>Lines>Overlaid on Area
Prev /LARC Prev LARGE L Commands
Next LARGE Next
LARGE
Name
LARGE, IR, IA, IB, IC, Name, --, --, FACTA, FACTB, FACTC Finds the largest (the envelope) of three variables. group: POST26:Operations product: MP ME ST DY PR EM FL PP ED
L Commands
IR
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IA, IB, IC
Reference numbers of the three variables to be operated on. If only two, leave IC blank. If only one, leave IB blank also.
Name
--, --
Unused fields.
FACTA, FACTB, FACTC
Notes
Creates a new variable by finding the largest of up to three variables according to the operation:
IR
= Largest of ( FACTA x IA, FACTB x IB, FACTC x IC)
The comparison is done at each time location, so that the new variable is the "envelope" of the three existing variables.
Menu Paths
Main Menu>TimeHist Postpro>Math Operations>Find Maximum
Prev LAREA Prev LATT L Commands
Next LATT Next
LATT
Name
LATT , MAT, REAL, TYPE, --, KB, KE, SECNUM Associates element attributes with the selected, unmeshed lines. file://D:\Documents%20and%20Settings\Administrator\Local%20Settings\Temp\~hh... 20.05.2004
L Commands group: PREP7:Meshing product: MP ME ST DY PR EM FL PP ED
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MAT, REAL, TYPE
Material number, real constant set number, and type number to be associated with selected, unmeshed lines.
--
Unused field.
KB, KE
Beginning and ending orientation keypoints to be associated with selected, unmeshed lines. ANSYS uses the location of these keypoints to determine how to orient beam cross sections during beam meshing. Beam elements may be created along a line with a constant orientation by specifying only one orientation keypoint ( KB), or a pre-twisted beam may be created by selecting different orientation keypoints at each end of the line ( KB and KE). (For a line bounded by two keypoints ( KP1 and KP2), the orientation vector at the beginning of the line extends from KP1 to KB, and the orientation vector at the end of the line extends from KP2 to KE. The orientation vectors are used to compute the orientation nodes of the elements.)
SECNUM
Section identifier to be associated with selected, unmeshed lines. For details, see the description of the SECTYPE and SECNUM commands.
Notes
The element attributes specified by the LATT command will be used when the lines are meshed. Lines subsequently generated from the lines will also have the attributes specified by MAT, REAL, TYPE, and SECNUM. If a line does not have these attributes associated with it (by this command) at the time it is meshed, the attributes are obtained from the then current MAT, REAL, TYPE, and SECNUM command settings. In contrast, the values specified by KB and KE apply only to the selected lines; that is, lines subsequently generated from these lines will not share these attributes. Similarly, if a line does not have KB and KE attributes associated with it via the LATT command at the time it is meshed, ANSYS cannot obtain the attributes from elsewhere. See the discussion on beam meshing in Meshing Your Solid Model in the ANSYS Modeling and Meshing Guide for more information. Reissue the LATT command (before lines are meshed) to change the attributes. A zero (or blank) argument removes the corresponding association. If any of the arguments MAT, REAL, TYPE, or ESYS are defined as -1, then that value will be left unchanged in the selected set. In some cases, ANSYS can proceed with a line meshing operation even when no logical element type has been assigned via LATT,,,TYPE or TYPE. See Meshing Your Solid Model in the ANSYS
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L Commands Modeling and Meshing Guide for more information about setting element attributes.
Page 13 of 107
Menu Paths
Main Menu>Preprocessor>Define>All Lines Main Menu>Preprocessor>Define>Picked Lines
Prev LARGE Prev LAYER L Commands
Next LAYER Next
LAYER
Name
LAYER, NUM Specifies the element layer for which data are to be processed. group: POST1:Controls product: MP ME ST DY PR PP
NUM
Layer number for layered element types (SOLID46, SHELL91, SHELL99, SHELL163, SHELL181, or SOLID191) with KEYOPT(8) = 1. If NUM = FCMAX, and the TB,FAIL command was used to specify failure criteria, use the layer at which the maximum failure criterion occurs.
Command Default
The entire element is considered to be the default Layer. Accordingly, the results data are from the bottom of the bottom layer and the top of the top layer.
Notes
Specifies the element layer for which results data are to be listed, plotted, or otherwise processed. Applies to stress and strain data for layered elements SOLID46, SHELL91, SHELL99, SHELL181, and SOLID191. Also applies to body load temperatures for SHELL99 . The SHELL command may then be used (with shell elements) to specify a location (TOP, MID, BOT) within the layer for output. Transverse shear stresses for MID are linearly averaged from TOP and BOT, and do not reflect a parabolic distribution. For the ANSYS/LS-DYNA product, this command works differently than described above. For
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SHELL163, you must first use EDINT during the solution phase to define the integration points for which you want output data. Be aware that the output location for SHELL163 data is always at the integration point, so "top" and "bottom" refer to the top or bottom integration point, not necessarily the top or bottom surface.
Menu Paths
Prev LATT Prev LAYERP26 L Commands
Next LAYERP26 Next
LAYERP26
Name
LAYERP26, NUM Specifies the element layer for which data are to be stored. group: POST26:Controls product: MP ME ST DY PR PP
NUM
Layer number for layered element types (SHELL91, SOLID46, SHELL99, or SOLID191) with KEYOPT(8) = 1. For layered element types with KEYOPT(8) = 0, if NUM = FCMAX, use the layer at which the maximum failure criterion occurs. This command is also applicable to SHELL163. See the Notes below for details.
Command Default
Results data are from the "first" layer. If KEYOPT(8) = 0, "first" layer actually means the bottom of the bottom layer and the top of the top layer.
Notes
Defines the element layer for which results data are to be stored for postprocessing. Applies to stress and strain data for layered elements SOLID46, SHELL91, SHELL99, and SOLID191. Also applies to body load temperatures for SHELL99 . The SHELL command may then be used (for shell elements) to specify a location (TOP, MID, BOT) within the layer for selection on the ESOL command. Transverse shear stresses for MID are linearly averaged from TOP and BOT, and do not
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L Commands reflect a parabolic distribution.
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For the ANSYS/LS-DYNA product, this command works differently than described above. For SHELL163 and BEAM161, you must first use EDINT during the solution phase to define the integration points for which you want output data. Be aware that the output location for SHELL163 data is always at the integration point, so "top" and "bottom" refer to the top or bottom integration point, not necessarily the top or bottom surface. For more information, see the ANSYS/LS-DYNA User's Guide. In POST26, the ESOL data stored is based on the active LAYERP26 specification at the time the data is stored. To store data at various specifications (for example, layers 2 and 5), issue a STORE command before each new specification.
Menu Paths
Prev LAYER Prev LAYLIST L Commands
Next LAYLIST Next
LAYLIST
Name
LAYLIST, IEL, LAYR1, LAYR2, Mplab1, Mplab2 Lists real constants material properties for layered elements. group: PREP7:Elements product: MP ME ST DY PR PP
IEL
Element number to be listed. If ALL, list all selected elements [ESEL] of the appropriate type. If blank and the current element type is a layered element type, list data from the current real constant table in the layered format.
LAYR1, LAYR2
Range of layer numbers to be listed. If LAYR1 is greater than LAYR2, a reverse order list is produced. LAYR1 defaults to 1. LAYR2 defaults to LAYR1 if LAYR1 is input or to the number of layers if LAYR1 is not input.
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L Commands
Mplab1, Mplab2
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Material property labels (e.g., EX) to be listed along with the layer real constants.
Notes
Lists real constants and any two material properties for layered shell and solid elements. Only elements of type SOLID46, SHELL91, SHELL99, and SOLID191 are listed. If matrix input is selected (KEYOPT(2) = 2 or 3), LAYR1, LAYR2, Mplab1, and Mplab2 are not used. This command is valid in any processor.
Menu Paths
Utility Menu>List>Elements>Layered Elements Utility Menu>List>Properties>Layer Data
Prev LAYERP26 Prev LAYPLOT L Commands
Next LAYPLOT Next
LAYPLOT
Name
LAYPLOT, IEL, LAYR1, LAYR2 Displays the layer stacking sequence for layered elements. group: PREP7:Elements product: MP ME ST DY PR PP
IEL
Element number for the display. If blank and the current element type is a layered element type, display data from the current real constant table.
LAYR1, LAYR2
Range of layer numbers to be displayed. If LAYR1 is greater than LAYR2, a reversed order display is produced. Up to 20 layers may be displayed at a time. LAYR1 defaults to 1. LAYR2 defaults to LAYR1 if LAYR1 is input or to the number of layers (or to 19+LAYR1, if smaller) if LAYR1 is not input.
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Notes
Displays the layer stacking sequence as defined in the real constant table for layered shell and solid elements in a form where the layers are visible (like a sheared deck of cards). The element x-axis is shown as 0.0 degrees. Layers are cross-hatched and color coded for clarity. The hatch lines indicate the layer angle (real constant THETA) and the color coding is for material identification (real constant MAT). Only valid for elements of type SOLID46, SHELL91, SHELL99, and SOLID191. The actual orientation of a specific layer in three dimensional space can be seen using /PSYMB, LAYR. Layer thickness can be displayed using the /ESHAPE and EPLOT commands. This command is valid in any processor.
Menu Paths
Utility Menu>Plot>Layered Elements
Prev LAYLIST Prev LCABS L Commands
Next LCABS Next
LCABS
Name
LCABS, LCNO, KABS Specifies absolute values for load case operations. group: POST1:Load Case Calculations product: MP ME ST DY PR EM PP ED
LCNO
Load case pointer number. If ALL, apply to all selected load cases [LCSEL].
KABS
Absolute value key: 0 -Use algebraic values of load case LCNO in operations. 1 -Use absolute values of load case LCNO in operations.
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Command Default
Use algebraic values.
Notes
Causes absolute values to be used in the load case operations [LCASE or LCOPER]. Absolute values are taken prior to assigning a load case factor [LCFACT] and are applied only to defined load cases [LCDEF].
Menu Paths
Main Menu>General Postproc>Load Case>Absolut Value
Prev LAYPLOT Prev LCASE L Commands
Next LCASE Next
LCASE
Name
LCASE, LCNO Reads a load case into the database. group: POST1:Load Case Calculations product: MP ME ST DY PR EM PP ED
LCNO
Load case pointer number [LCDEF,STAT]. Defaults to 1.
Command Default
Load case 1.
Notes
Reads a load case into the database. Load cases are created as described on the LCDEF or LCWRITE commands. The results portion of the database and the applied forces and displacements are cleared before reading the data in. Absolute values [LCABS] and scale factors [LCFACT] can be applied during the read operation.
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Menu Paths
Main Menu>General Postproc>Load Case>Read Load Case
Prev LCABS Prev LCCALC L Commands
Next LCCALC Next
LCCALC
Name
LCCALC Specifies "Load case settings" as the subsequent status topic. group: POST1:Status product: MP ME ST DY PR EM FL PP ED
Notes
Menu Paths
Utility Menu>List>Status>General Postproc>Load Case Calcs
Prev LCASE Prev LCCAT L Commands
Next LCCAT Next
LCCAT
Name
LCCAT, NL1, NL2 Concatenates multiple lines into one line for mapped meshing.
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L Commands group: PREP7:Meshing product: MP ME ST DY PR EM FL PP ED
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NL1, NL2
Lines to be concatenated. If NL1 = ALL, NL2 is ignored and all selected lines [LSEL] are concatenated. If NL1 = P, graphical picking is enabled and all remaining command fields are ignored (valid only in the GUI). A component name may also be substituted for NL1 ( NL2 is ignored).
Notes
Concatenates multiple, adjacent lines (the input lines) into one line (the output line) in preparation for mapped meshing. An area that contains too many lines for mapped meshing can still be mapped meshed if some of the lines in that area are first concatenated (see Meshing Your Solid Model in the ANSYS Modeling and Meshing Guide for details on mapped meshing restrictions). LCCAT is meant to be used solely for meshing and cannot be used for any other purposes. Specifically, (a) the output line and any areas that have the output line on their line list [ALIST] cannot be used as input to any other solid modeling operation (not even another LCCAT command); and (b) the output line cannot accept solid model boundary conditions [DL, SFL]. The output line will take on the element divisions of the input lines and will not accept element divisions that are directly assigned [LESIZE]. The output line from the LCCAT operation will be coincident with the input lines and the input lines will be retained. Consider the LCOMB command instead of LCCAT if you wish to delete the input lines and if the lines to be combined have similar slopes at the common keypoint(s). When an LCCAT command is issued, area line lists [ALIST] that contain all of the input lines will be updated so that the area line lists refer to the output line instead of the the input lines. Deletion of the output line [LDELE] effectively reverses the LCCAT operation and restores area line lists to their original condition. You can use the LSEL command to select lines that were created by concatenation, and then follow it with an LDELE,ALL command to delete them. Also see Meshing Your Solid Model in the ANSYS Modeling and Meshing Guide for a discussion on how to easily select and delete concatenated lines in one step.
Menu Paths
Main Menu>Preprocessor>Concatenate>Lines Main Menu>Preprocessor>Delete>Lines Main Menu>Preprocessor>Mesh>Mapped>Lines
Prev LCCALC Prev LCDEF L Commands
Next LCDEF Next
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L Commands
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LCDEF
Name
LCDEF, LCNO, LSTEP, SBSTEP, KIMG Creates a load case from a set of results on a results file. group: POST1:Load Case Calculations product: MP ME ST DY PR EM PP ED
LCNO
Arbitrary pointer number (1-99) to be assigned to the load case specified by LSTEP, SBSTEP and by the FILE command. Defaults to 1 + previous value.
LSTEP
Load step number to be defined as the load case. Defaults to one.

SBSTEP
Substep number. Defaults to the last substep of the load step.

KIMG
Used only with results from complex analyses: 0 -Use real part of complex solution 1 -Use imaginary part.
Notes
Creates a load case by establishing a pointer to a set of results on a results file (written during the ANSYS solution phase). This pointer ( LCNO) can then be used on the LCASE or LCOPER commands to read the load case data into the database. Issue LCDEF,ERASE to delete all load case pointers (and all loadcase files, if any). Issue LCDEF,LCNO,ERASE to delete only the specific load case pointer LCNO (and its file, if any). With the ERASE options, all pointers are deleted; however only files with the default extension [LCWRITE ] are deleted. Issue LCDEF,STAT for status of all selected load cases [LCSEL], or LCDEF,STAT,ALL for status of all load cases. The STAT command may be used to list all load cases. See also LCFILE to establish a pointer to a set of results on a load case file (written by LCWRITE). Harmonic element data read from a result file load case is stored at the zero-degree file://D:\Documents%20and%20Settings\Administrator\Local%20Settings\Temp\~hh... 20.05.2004
L Commands position.
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Menu Paths
Main Menu>General Postproc>Load Case>Create Load Case Main Menu>General Postproc>Load Case>Erase Load Case Main Menu>General Postproc>Load Case>List Load Cases
Prev LCCAT Prev LCFACT L Commands
Next LCFACT Next
LCFACT
Name
LCFACT, LCNO, FACT Defines scale factors for load case operations. group: POST1:Load Case Calculations product: MP ME ST DY PR EM PP ED
LCNO
Load case pointer number. If ALL, apply to all selected load cases [LCSEL].
FACT
Scale factor applied to load case LCNO. Zero (or blank) defaults to 1.0. Use a small number for a "zero" scale factor.
Command Default
All factors are 1.0.
Notes
Defines scale factors to be used in the load case operations [LCASE or LCOPER]. Scale factors are applied after an absolute value operation [LCABS] and are applied only to defined load cases [LCDEF].
Menu Paths
L Commands Main Menu>General Postproc>Load Case>Scale Factor
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Prev LCDEF Prev LCFILE L Commands
Next LCFILE Next
LCFILE
Name
LCFILE , LCNO, Fname, Ext, Dir Creates a load case from an existing load case file. group: POST1:Load Case Calculations product: MP ME ST DY PR EM PP ED
LCNO
Arbitrary (1-99) pointer number assigned to this load case.

Fname
Ext
Filename extension (8 character maximum). The extension defaults to the LCNO value preceded by an L (for values 1099) or by an L0 (for values 19).
Dir
Notes
Creates a load case by establishing a pointer to an existing load case file [LCWRITE]. This pointer (LCNO) can then be used on the LCASE or LCOPER commands to read the load case data into the database. This command is typically used to reestablish load case pointers in a new ANSYS session (pointers are not saved on the database file), or when more than one pointer to a single load case is desired. See the LCDEF command for status and erase operations. See also LCDEF to establish a pointer to a set of results on a results file (written during the ANSYS solution phase). file://D:\Documents%20and%20Settings\Administrator\Local%20Settings\Temp\~hh... 20.05.2004
L Commands
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Menu Paths
Main Menu>General Postproc>Load Case>Create Load Case
Prev LCFACT Prev LCLEAR L Commands
Next LCLEAR Next
LCLEAR
Name
LCLEAR, NL1, NL2, NINC Deletes nodes and line elements associated with selected lines. group: PREP7:Meshing product: MP ME ST DY PR EM FL PP ED
NL1, NL2, NINC
Delete mesh for lines NL1 to NL2 (defaults to NL1) in steps of NINC (defaults to 1). If NL1 = ALL, NL2 and NINC are ignored and the mesh for all selected lines [LSEL] is deleted. If NL1 = P, graphical picking is enabled and all remaining command fields are ignored (valid only in the GUI). A component name may also be substituted for NL1 (NL2 and NINC are ignored).
Notes
Deletes all nodes and line elements associated with selected lines (regardless of whether the nodes or elements are selected). Nodes shared by adjacent meshed lines and nodes associated with non-line elements will not be deleted. Attributes assigned as a result of LATT are maintained. In the program's response to the command, if a line or keypoint is tallied as "cleared," it means either its node or element reference was deleted.
Menu Paths
Main Menu>Preprocessor>Clear>Lines
Prev LCFILE Prev LCOMB L Commands
Next LCOMB Next
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LCOMB
Name
LCOMB, NL1, NL2, KEEP Combines adjacent lines into one line. group: PREP7:Lines product: MP ME ST DY PR EM FL PP ED
NL1
Number of the first line to be combined. If NL1 = ALL, NL2 is ignored and all selected lines [LSEL] are combined. If NL1 = P, graphical picking is enabled and all remaining command fields are ignored (valid only in the GUI). A component name may also be substituted for NL1 (NL2 is ignored).
NL2
Number of the second line to be combined.

KEEP
Specifies whether to keep the input entities: 0 -Delete lines NL1 and NL2 and their common keypoint. Keypoints will not be deleted if they are meshed or if they are attached to other lines. Lines will not be deleted if they are attached to different areas. 1 -Keep NL1, NL2, and their common keypoint. (The common keypoint will not be attached to the output line.)
Notes
Combines adjacent lines into one line (the output line). This operation will effectively "undo" the LDIV operation. Line divisions are set to zero (use LESIZE, etc. to modify). Lines attached to the same area(s) can also be combined. See also the LCCAT command for line concatenation capability.
Menu Paths
Main Menu>Preprocessor>Operate>Add>Lines
Prev LCLEAR file://D:\Documents%20and%20Settings\Administrator\Local%20Settings\Temp\~hh...
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L Commands LCOPER L Commands
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Prev
Next
LCOPER
Name
LCOPER, Oper, LCASE1, Oper2, LCASE2 Performs load case operations. group: POST1:Load Case Calculations product: MP ME ST DY PR EM PP ED
Oper
Valid operations are: ZERO -Zero results portion of database ( LCASE1 ignored). SQUA -Square database values ( LCASE1 ignored). SQRT -Square root of database (absolute) values ( LCASE1 ignored). LPRIN -Recalculate line element principal stresses (LCASE1 ignored). Stresses are as shown for the NMISC items of the ETABLE command for the specific line element type. ADD -Add LCASE1 to database values. SUB -Subtract LCASE1 from database values. SRSS -Square root of the sum of the squares of database and LCASE1. MIN --
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Compare and save in database the algebraic minimum of database and LCASE1. MAX -Compare and save in database the algebraic maximum of database and LCASE1. ABMN -Compare and save in database the absolute minimum of database and LCASE1 (based on magnitudes, then apply the corresponding sign). ABMX -Compare and save in database the absolute maximum of database and LCASE1 (based on magnitudes, then apply the corresponding sign).
LCASE1
First load case in the operation (if any). See LCNO of the LCDEF command. If ALL, repeat operations using all selected load cases [LCSEL].
Oper2
Valid operations are: MULT -Multiplication: LCASE1*LCASE2

LCASE2
Second load case. Used only with Oper2 operations.
Notes
LCOPER operates on the database and one or two load cases according to: Database = Database o ( LCASE1 o2 LCASE2) where operations o ( Oper) and o2 ( Oper2) are as described above. Absolute values and scale factors may be applied to the load cases before the operations [LCABS, LCFACT]. If LCASE1 is not specified, only operation o is performed on the current database. If LCASE2 is specified, operation o2 will be performed before operation o. If LCASE2 is not specified, operation o2 is ignored. Solution items not contained [OUTRES] in either the database or the applicable load cases will result in a null item during a load case operation. Harmonic element data read from a result file load case are processed at zero degrees. All load case combinations are performed in the solution coordinate system, and the data resulting from load case combinations are stored in the solution coordinate system. The resultant data are then transformed to the active results coordinate system [RSYS] when listed or displayed.
Menu Paths
Main Menu>General Postproc>Load Case>Add file://D:\Documents%20and%20Settings\Administrator\Local%20Settings\Temp\~hh... 20.05.2004
L Commands Main Menu>General Postproc>Load Case>Line Elem Stress Main Menu>General Postproc>Load Case>Min & Max Main Menu>General Postproc>Load Case>SRSS Main Menu>General Postproc>Load Case>Square Root Main Menu>General Postproc>Load Case>Square Main Menu>General Postproc>Load Case>Subtract
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Prev LCOMB Prev LCSEL L Commands
Next LCSEL Next
LCSEL
Name
LCSEL, Type , LCMIN, LCMAX, LCINC Selects a subset of load cases. group: POST1:Load Case Calculations product: MP ME ST DY PR EM PP ED
Type
Label identifying the type of select: S -Select a new set. R -Reselect a set from the current set. A -Additionally select a set and extend the current set. U -Unselect a set from the current set. ALL -Restore the full set.
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L Commands NONE -Unselect the full set. INVE -Invert the current set (selected becomes unselected and vice versa). STAT -Display the current select status.
LCMIN
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Minimum value of load case pointer range.

LCMAX
Maximum value of load case pointer range. LCMAX defaults to LCMIN.

LCINC
Value increment within range. Defaults to 1. LCINC cannot be negative.
Command Default
All load cases are selected.
Notes
Selects a subset of load cases for other operations. For example, to select a new set of load cases based on load cases 1 through 7, use LCSEL,S,1,7. The subset is used when the ALL label is entered (or implied) on other commands, such as LCFACT, LCABS, LCOPER, etc. Load cases are flagged as selected and unselected; no load case pointers [LCDEF, LCWRITE , LCFILE] are actually deleted from the database.
Menu Paths
Main Menu>General Postproc>Load Case>Sele Ld Cases
Prev LCOPER Prev LCSL L Commands
Next LCSL Next
LCSL
L Commands
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Name
LCSL, NL1, NL2, NL3, NL4, NL5, NL6, NL7, NL8, NL9 Divides intersecting lines at their point(s) of intersection. group: PREP7:Booleans product: MP ME ST DY PR EM FL PP ED
NL1, NL2, NL3, NL4, NL5, NL6, NL7, NL8, NL9
Numbers of lines to be intersected. If NL1 = ALL, NL2 to NL9 are ignored and the intersection of all selected lines is found. If NL1 = P, use graphical picking to specify lines ( NL2 to NL9 are ignored).
Notes
Divides intersecting (classifies) lines at their point(s) of intersection. The original lines (and their corresponding keypoint(s)) will be deleted by default. See the BOPTN command for the options available to Boolean operations. Element attributes and solid model boundary conditions assigned to the original entities will not be transferred to the new entities generated.
Menu Paths
Prev LCSEL Prev LCSUM L Commands
Next LCSUM Next
LCSUM
Name
LCSUM, Lab Specifies whether to process non-summable items in load case operations. group: POST1:Results product: MP ME ST DY PR EM PP ED
Lab
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L Commands Combination option (blank) -Only combine summable items [default]. ALL -Combine all items including non summable items.
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Notes
Allows non-summable items (e.g. plastic strains) to be included in load combinations. Issue LCSUM,ALL before the first load case operation (LCXX command). May also be used to include non-summable items in the appending of a results file (RAPPND command).
Menu Paths
Prev LCSL Prev LCWRITE L Commands
Next LCWRITE Next
LCWRITE
Name
LCWRITE, LCNO, Fname, Ext, Dir Creates a load case by writing results to a load case file. group: POST1:Load Case Calculations product: MP ME ST DY PR EM PP ED
LCNO
Arbitrary pointer number (1-99) to be assigned to this load case.

Fname
Ext
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L Commands Filename extension (8 character maximum).
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The extension defaults to the LCNO value preceded by an L (for values 1099) or by an L0 (for values 19).
Dir
Notes
Creates a load case by writing the results data in the database to a load case file. The database remains unchanged by this operation. A pointer is also established to the written set of results on the load case file. This pointer ( LCNO) can then be used on the LCASE or LCOPER commands to read the load case data into the database. By default, only summable results data (such as displacements, stresses, elastic strains) and constant results data (such as volume) are written to the load case file unless requested (LCSUM command). Non-summable results data (such as plastic strains, strain energy), boundary conditions, and nodal loads are not written to the load case file. The load case file may be named by default or by a user name. Rewriting to the same file overwrites the previous data. See the LCDEF command for status and erase operations.
Menu Paths
Main Menu>General Postproc>Load Case>Write Load Case
Prev LCSUM Prev LCZERO L Commands
Next LCZERO Next
LCZERO
Name
LCZERO Zeroes the results portion of the database. group: POST1:Load Case Calculations product: MP ME ST DY PR EM PP ED
Notes
Often used before the LCOPER command. Same as LCOPER,ZERO.
Menu Paths
Main Menu>General Postproc>Load Case>Zero Load Case
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Prev LCWRITE Prev LDELE L Commands
Next LDELE Next
LDELE
Name
LDELE, NL1, NL2, NINC, KSWP Deletes unmeshed lines. group: PREP7:Lines product: MP ME ST DY PR EM FL PP ED
NL1, NL2, NINC
Delete lines from NL1 to NL2 (defaults to NL1) in steps of NINC (defaults to 1). If NL1 = ALL, NL2 and NINC are ignored and all selected lines [LSEL] are deleted. If NL1 = P, graphical picking is enabled and all remaining command fields are ignored (valid only in the GUI). A component name may also be substituted for NL1 ( NL2 and NINC are ignored).
KSWP
Specifies whether keypoints are also to be deleted: 0 -Delete lines only. 1 -Delete lines, as well as keypoints attached to lines but not attached to other lines.
Notes
A line attached to an area cannot be deleted unless the area is first deleted.
Menu Paths
Main Menu>Preprocessor>Concatenate>Lines Main Menu>Preprocessor>Delete>Line and Below Main Menu>Preprocessor>Delete>Lines Only Main Menu>Preprocessor>Delete>Lines Main Menu>Preprocessor>Mesh>Mapped>Lines
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L Commands Main Menu>Preprocessor>Topo Repair>Delete>Line and Below Main Menu>Preprocessor>Topo Repair>Delete>Lines Only
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Prev LCZERO Prev LDIV L Commands
Next LDIV Next
LDIV
Name
LDIV, NL1, RATIO, PDIV, NDIV, KEEP Divides a single line into two or more lines. group: PREP7:Lines product: MP ME ST DY PR EM FL PP ED
NL1
Number of the line to be divided. If negative, assume P1 (see below) is the second keypoint of the line instead of the first for RATIO. If ALL, divide all selected lines [LSEL]. If NL1 = P, graphical picking is enabled and all remaining command fields are ignored (valid only in the GUI). A component name may also be substituted for NL1.
RATIO
Ratio of line length P1-PDIV to line length P1-P2. Must be between 0.0 and 1.0. Input ignored if NDIV > 2.
PDIV
Number to be assigned to keypoint generated at division location (defaults to lowest available keypoint number [NUMSTR ]). Input ignored if NL1 = ALL or NDIV > 2. If PDIV already exists and lies on line NL1, divide line at PDIV (RATIO must also be 0.0). If PDIV already exists and does not lie on line NL1, PDIV is projected and moved to the nearest point on line NL1 (if possible). PDIV cannot be attached to another line, area, or volume.
NDIV
The number of new lines to be generated from old line (defaults to 2).
KEEP
Specifies whether to keep the input entities:
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L Commands 0 -Modify old line to use new keypoints and slopes. 1 --
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Do not modify old line. New lines will overlay old line and have unique keypoints.
Notes
Divides a single line NL1 (defined from keypoint P1 to keypoint P2) into two or more lines. Line NL1 becomes the new line beginning with keypoint P1 and new lines are generated ending at keypoint P2. If the line is attached to an area, the area will also be updated. Line divisions are set to zero (use LESIZE, etc. to modify).
Menu Paths
Main Menu>Preprocessor>Operate>Divide>Line into 2 Ln's Main Menu>Preprocessor>Operate>Divide>Line into N Ln's Main Menu>Preprocessor>Operate>Divide>Lines w/ Options
Prev LDELE Prev LDRAG L Commands
Next LDRAG Next
LDRAG
Name
LDRAG, NK1, NK2, NK3, NK4, NK5, NK6, NL1, NL2, NL3, NL4, NL5, NL6 Generates lines by sweeping a keypoint pattern along path. group: PREP7:Lines product: MP ME ST DY PR EM FL PP ED
NK1, NK2, NK3, NK4, NK5, NK6
List of keypoints in the pattern to be dragged (6 maximum if using keyboard entry). If NK1 = P, graphical picking is enabled and all remaining command fields are ignored (valid only in the GUI). If NK1 = ALL, all selected keypoints (except those that define the drag path) will be swept along the path. A component name may also be substituted for NK1.
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List of lines defining the path along which the pattern is to be dragged (6 maximum if using keyboard entry). Must be a continuous set of lines.
Notes
Generates lines (and their corresponding keypoints) by sweeping a given keypoint pattern along a characteristic drag path. If the drag path consists of multiple lines, the drag direction is determined by the sequence in which the path lines are input ( NL1, NL2, etc.). If the drag path is a single line (NL1), the drag direction is from the keypoint on the drag line that is closest to the first keypoint of the given pattern to the other end of the drag line. The magnitude of the vector between the keypoints of the given pattern and the first path keypoint remains constant for all generated keypoint patterns and the path keypoints. The direction of the vector relative to the path slope also remains constant so that patterns may be swept around curves. Keypoint and line numbers are automatically assigned (beginning with the lowest available values [NUMSTR ]). For best results, the entities to be dragged should be orthogonal to the start of the drag path. Drag operations that produce an error message may create some of the desired entities prior to terminating.
Menu Paths
Main Menu>Preprocessor>Operate>Extrude>Along Lines
Prev LDIV Prev LDREAD L Commands
Next LDREAD Next
LDREAD
Name
LDREAD, Lab, LSTEP, SBSTEP, TIME, KIMG, Fname, Ext, Dir Reads results from the results file and applies them as loads. group: SOLUTION:FE Constraints SOLUTION:FE Body Loads product: MP ME ST DY PR EM FL PP ED
Lab
Valid load label: TEMP --
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Temperatures from a thermal analysis applied as body force loads [BF] in a structural analysis, an explicit dynamic analysis, or other type of analysis. Can also be temperatures applied as nodal loads or initial conditions (see KIMG description). FORC -Forces from a magnetic analysis applied as force loads [F] in a structural analysis or a FLOTRAN analysis. For a full harmonic magnetic analysis, FORC represents the timeaveraged force (use in conjunction with KIMG = 2). Values are in the nodal coordinate system for the force loads [F]. HGEN -Heat generations from a magnetic analysis applied as body force loads [BFE] in a thermal or a FLOTRAN analysis. For a full harmonic analysis, HGEN represents the time-averaged heat generation load (use in conjunction with KIMG = 2). HFLU -Heat fluxes from a FLOTRAN analysis applied as surface loads in a thermal analysis. EHFLU -Surface losses from a high frequency electromagnetic analysis applied as time-average surface heat flux in a thermal analysis. JS -Source current density from a current-conduction analysis applied as body force loads [BFE]. Values are in the global Cartesian coordinate system. PRES -Pressures from a FLOTRAN analysis applied as surface loads [SFE] in a structural analysis. For shell elements, use the KIMG parameter to establish the face on which to apply the pressure. REAC -Reaction loads from any analysis applied as force loads [F] in any analysis. Values are in the nodal coordinate system. HFLM -FLOTRAN predicted film coefficient (and associated bulk temperature), applied as surface loads (film coefficient and bulk temperature) [SFE] in a thermal analysis. FLOTRAN film coefficents may be either positive or negative, depending on the direction of heat transfer, but ANSYS thermal analyses require positive film coefficients. If the FLOTRAN film coefficient is negative, LDREAD adjusts the bulk temperature to be equal to twice the wall temperature minus the bulk temperature. The adjusted bulk temperature and the now positive film coefficient make the amount and direction of heat transfer consistent with the FLOTRAN analysis.
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LSTEP
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Load step number of the data set to be read. Defaults to 1. If LAST, ignore SBSTEP and TIME and read the last data set.
SBSTEP
Substep number (within LSTEP). If zero (or blank), LSTEP represents the last substep of the load step.
TIME
Time-point identifying the data set to be read. Used only if both LSTEP and SBSTEP are zero (or blank). If TIME is between two solution time points on the results file, a linear interpolation is done between the two data sets. If TIME is beyond the last time point on the file, use the last time point.
KIMG
When used with results from harmonic analyses (ANTYPE,HARMIC) KIMG establishes which set of data to read: 0 -Read the real part of the solution. Valid also for Lab = EHFLU to read in time-average heat flux. 1 -Read the imaginary part of the solution. 2 -Calculate and read the time-average part. Meaningful for Lab = HGEN or FORC. When used with the PRES label, KIMG represents the shell element face on which to apply the pressure: 1 -Apply pressure to face 1 2 -Apply pressure to face 2 When used with the TEMP label, KIMG indicates how temperatures are to be applied. In an explicit dynamic analysis, KIMG = 0 is the only valid option for applying temperature loads. 0 -Apply temperatures as body loads 1 -Apply temperatures as nodal loads file://D:\Documents%20and%20Settings\Administrator\Local%20Settings\Temp\~hh... 20.05.2004
L Commands 2 -Apply temperatures as initial conditions.

Fname
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Ext
Filename extension (8 character maximum). The extension defaults to RST if Fname is blank.
Dir
Notes
Reads results data from the results file and applies them as loads. You also can use LDREAD to apply results from an analysis defined with one physics environment as loads on a second analysis using a different physics environment. The values are applied as loads for field coupling effects (such as output temperatures from a thermal analysis as input to a structural analysis). Nodal loads are applied only to selected nodes. Element loads are applied only to selected elements. Element surface loads are applied only to selected elements where all face nodes for that surface are selected. Additionally, to assure proper distribution of the surface loads, select only the nodes on the element face where the surface load is to be applied. Scaling and accumulation specifications are applied as the loads are read (BFCUM for body force loads, SFCUM for surface loads, and FCUM for force loads). These commands do not work for tabular boundary conditions or temperature loads applied to an explicit dynamic analysis via LDREAD. Use the appropriate list command to list the results (BFLIST or BFELIST for body force loads, SFELIST for surface loads, and FLIST for force loads). Values may be redefined after being read by issuing LDREAD again with a different load step and substep, or time value. When you use LDREAD in an explicit dynamic analysis to read in temperatures, you cannot use the EDLOAD,,TEMP command to apply temperature loading. Furthermore, any temperature loading defined by LDREAD cannot be listed or deleted by the EDLOAD command. This command is also valid in PREP7.
Menu Paths
Main Menu>Preprocessor>LS-DYNA Options>Loading Options>Temp From ANSYS Main Menu>Preprocessor>Loads>Apply>Boundary>-Temperature->From Therm Analy Main Menu>Preprocessor>Loads>Apply>Convection>From Fluid Analy Main Menu>Preprocessor>Loads>Apply>Excitation>From Elec An Main Menu>Preprocessor>Loads>Apply>Force/Moment>From Mag Analy Main Menu>Preprocessor>Loads>Apply>Force/Moment>From Reactions
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L Commands Main Menu>Preprocessor>Loads>Apply>Forces>From Mag Analy Main Menu>Preprocessor>Loads>Apply>Heat Flux>From EMAG Analy Main Menu>Preprocessor>Loads>Apply>Heat Flux>From Fluid Analy Main Menu>Preprocessor>Loads>Apply>Heat Generat>From Mag Analy Main Menu>Preprocessor>Loads>Apply>Pressure>From Fluid Analy Main Menu>Preprocessor>Loads>Apply>Temperature>From ANSYS Main Menu>Preprocessor>Loads>Apply>Temperature>From Flotran Main Menu>Preprocessor>Loads>Apply>Temperature>From Therm Analy Main Menu>Preprocessor>Loads>Apply>Initial Condit'n>Temp from ANSYS Main Menu>Preprocessor>Loads>Apply>Initial Condit'n>Temp from Fluid Main Menu>Solution>Apply>Boundary>-Temperature->From Therm Analy Main Menu>Solution>Apply>Convection>From Fluid Analy Main Menu>Solution>Apply>Excitation>From Elec An Main Menu>Solution>Apply>Force/Moment>From Mag Analy Main Menu>Solution>Apply>Force/Moment>From Reactions Main Menu>Solution>Apply>Forces>From Mag Analy Main Menu>Solution>Apply>Heat Flux>From EMAG Analy Main Menu>Solution>Apply>Heat Flux>From Fluid Analy Main Menu>Solution>Apply>Heat Generat>From Mag Analy Main Menu>Solution>Apply>Pressure>From Fluid Analy Main Menu>Solution>Apply>Temperature>From ANSYS Main Menu>Solution>Apply>Temperature>From Flotran Main Menu>Solution>Apply>Temperature>From Therm Analy Main Menu>Solution>Apply>Initial Condit'n>Temp from ANSYS Main Menu>Solution>Apply>Initial Condit'n>Temp from Fluid Main Menu>Solution>Loading Options>Temp From ANSYS
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Prev LDRAG Prev LESIZE L Commands
Next LESIZE Next
LESIZE
Name
LESIZE, NL1, SIZE, ANGSIZ, NDIV, SPACE, KFORC, LAYER1, LAYER2, KYNDIV Specifies the divisions and spacing ratio on unmeshed lines. group: PREP7:Meshing product: MP ME ST DY PR EM FL PP ED
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NL1
Number of the line to be modified. If ALL, modify all selected lines [LSEL]. If NL1 = P, graphical picking is enabled and all remaining command fields are ignored (valid only in the GUI). A component name may also be substituted for NL1.
SIZE
If NDIV is blank, SIZE is the division (element edge) length. The number of divisions is automatically calculated from the line length (rounded upward to next integer). If SIZE is zero (or blank), use ANGSIZ or NDIV.
ANGSIZ
The division arc (in degrees) spanned by the element edge (except for straight lines, which always result in one division). The number of divisions is automatically calculated from the line length (rounded upward to next integer).
NDIV
If positive, NDIV is the number of element divisions per line. If -1 (and KFORC = 1), NDIV is assumed to be zero element divisions per line. TARGE169 with a rigid specification ignores NDIV and will always mesh with one element division.
SPACE
Spacing ratio. If positive, nominal ratio of last division size to first division size (if > 1.0, sizes increase, if < 1.0, sizes decrease). If negative, | SPACE| is nominal ratio of center division(s) size to end divisions size. Ratio defaults to 1.0 (uniform spacing). For layer-meshing, a value of 1.0 normally is used. If SPACE = FREE, ratio is determined by other considerations
KFORC KFORC
0-3 are used only with NL1 = ALL. Specifies which selected lines are to be modified.
0 -Modify only selected lines having undefined (zero) divisions. 1 -Modify all selected lines. 2 -Modify only selected lines having fewer divisions (including zero) than specified with this command. 3 -Modify only selected lines having more divisions than specified with this command.
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Modify only non-zero settings for SIZE, ANGSIZ, NDIV, SPACE, LAYER1, and LAYER2. If KFORC = 4, blank or 0 settings remain unchanged.
LAYER1
Layer-meshing control parameter. Distance which defines the thickness of the inner mesh layer, LAYER1. Elements in this layer are uniformly-sized with edge lengths equal to the specified element size for the line (either through SIZE or line-length/NDIV). A positive value for LAYER1 is interpreted as an absolute length, while a negative value in interpreted as a multiplier on the specified element size for the line. As a general rule, the resulting thickness of the inner mesh layer should be greater than or equal to the specified element size for the line. If LAYER1 = OFF, layer-meshing control settings are cleared for the selected lines. The default value is 0.0
LAYER2
Layer-meshing control parameter. Distance which defines the thickness of the outer mesh layer, LAYER2. Elements in this layer transition in size from those in LAYER1 to the global element size. A positive value of LAYER2 is interpreted as an absolute length, while a negative value is interpreted as a mesh transition factor. A value of LAYER2 = -2 would indicate that elements should approximately double in size as the mesh progresses normal to LAYER1. The default value is 0.0.
KYNDIV
0, No, and Off means that SmartSizing cannot override specified divisions and spacing ratios. Mapped mesh fails if divisions do not match. This defines the specification as hard. 1, Yes, and On means that SmartSizing can override specified divisions and spacing ratios for curvature or proximity. Mapped meshing can override divisions to obtain required matching divisions. This defines the specification as soft.
Notes
Defines the number of divisions and the spacing ratio on selected lines. Lines with previously specified divisions may also be changed.
Menu Paths
Main Menu>Preprocessor>Size Cntrls>All Lines Main Menu>Preprocessor>Size Cntrls>Clr Layers Main Menu>Preprocessor>Size Cntrls>Clr Size Main Menu>Preprocessor>Size Cntrls>Copy Divs Main Menu>Preprocessor>Size Cntrls>Flip Bias Main Menu>Preprocessor>Size Cntrls>Picked Lines
Prev
Next
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LEXTND
Name
LEXTND, NL1, NK1, DIST, KEEP Extends a line at one end by using its slope. group: PREP7:Lines product: MP ME ST DY PR EM FL PP ED
NL1
Number of the line to be extended. If NL1 = P, graphical picking is enabled and all remaining command fields are ignored (valid only in the GUI).
NK1
Number of keypoint at the end of line NL1 to be extended.

DIST
Distance that the line will be extended.

KEEP
Specifies whether to keep the input entities: 0 -Modify old line to use new keypoints and slopes. 1 -Do not modify old line. New line will overlay old line and have unique keypoints.
Notes
Extends a line at one end by using its slope. Lines may be redefined only if not yet attached to an area. Line divisions are set to zero (use LESIZE, etc. to modify). Note that solid modeling in a toroidal coordinate system is not recommended.
Menu Paths
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L Commands Main Menu>Preprocessor>Operate>Extend Line
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Prev LESIZE Prev LFILLT L Commands
Next LFILLT Next
LFILLT
Name
LFILLT, NL1, NL2, RAD, PCENT Generates a fillet line between two intersecting lines. group: PREP7:Lines product: MP ME ST DY PR EM FL PP ED
NL1
Number of the first intersecting line. If NL1 = P, graphical picking is enabled and all remaining command fields are ignored (valid only in the GUI).
NL2
Number of the second intersecting line.

RAD
Radius of fillet to be generated. Radius should be less than the lengths of the two lines specified with NL1 and NL2.
PCENT
Number to be assigned to generated keypoint at fillet arc center. If zero (or blank), no keypoint is generated.
Notes
Generates a fillet line between two intersecting lines NL1 (P1-PINT) and NL2 (P2-PINT). Three keypoints may be generated, two at the fillet tangent points ( PTAN1 and PTAN2) and one (optional) at the fillet arc center ( PCENT). Line P1- PINT becomes P1-PTAN1, P2-PINT becomes P2- PTAN2, and new arc line PTAN1-PTAN2 is generated. Generated keypoint and line numbers are automatically assigned (beginning with the lowest available values [NUMSTR]). Line divisions are set to zero (use LESIZE, etc. to modify).
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Menu Paths
Main Menu>Preprocessor>Create>Line Fillet
Prev LEXTND Prev LFSURF L Commands
Next LFSURF Next
LFSURF
Name
LFSURF, SLINE, TLINE Generates surface elements overlaid on the edge of existing solid elements and assigns the extra node as the closest fluid element node. group: PREP7:Elements product: MP ME PR ED
SLINE
Component name for the surface lines of the meshed solid areas.
TLINE
Component name for the target lines meshed with fluid elements.
Notes
This command macro is used to generate surface effect elements overlaid on the surface of existing plane elements and, based on proximity, to determine and assign the extra node for each surface element. The underlying areas of the solid region and the fluid lines must be meshed prior to calling this command macro. The surface lines of the solid and the target lines of the fluid are grouped into components and named using the CM command. The names must be enclosed in single quotes (e.g., 'SLINE') when the LFSURF command is manually typed in. When using the GUI method, node and element components are created through the picking dialog boxes associated with this command. The macro is applicable for the SURF151 and FLUID116 element types.
Menu Paths
L Commands Main Menu>Preprocessor>Create>Elements>Surf Effect>Area to Fluid Main Menu>Preprocessor>Create>Elements>Surf Effect>Line to Fluid Main Menu>Preprocessor>Create>Elements>Surf Effect>Node to Fluid
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Prev LFILLT Prev LGEN L Commands
Next LGEN Next
LGEN
Name
LGEN, ITIME, NL1, NL2, NINC, DX, DY, DZ, KINC, NOELEM , IMOVE Generates additional lines from a pattern of lines. group: PREP7:Lines product: MP ME ST DY PR EM FL PP ED
ITIME
Do this generation operation a total of ITIMEs, incrementing all keypoints in the given pattern automatically (or by KINC) each time after the first. ITIME must be > 1 for generation to occur.
NL1, NL2, NINC
Generate lines from pattern beginning with NL1 to NL2 (defaults to NL1) in steps of NINC (defaults to 1). If NL1 = ALL, NL2 and NINC are ignored and pattern is all selected lines [LSEL]. If NL1 = P, graphical picking is enabled and all remaining command fields are ignored (valid only in the GUI). A component name may also be substituted for NL1 ( NL2 and NINC are ignored).
DX, DY, DZ
KINC
,DZ for cylindrical, --,D
NOELEM
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Generate nodes and elements associated with the original lines, if they exist. 1 -Do not generate nodes and elements.
IMOVE
Specifies whether to redefine the existing lines: 0 -Generate additional lines as requested with the ITIME argument. 1 -Move original lines to new position retaining the same keypoint numbers ( ITIME, KINC, and NOELM are ignored). Valid only if the old lines are no longer needed at their original positions. Corresponding meshed items are also moved if not needed at their original position.
Notes
Generates additional lines (and their corresponding keypoints and mesh) from a given line pattern. The MAT, TYPE, REAL, and ESYS attributes are based upon the lines in the pattern and not upon the current settings. End slopes of the generated lines remain the same (in the active coordinate system) as those of the given pattern. For example, radial slopes remain radial, etc. Generations which produce lines of a size or shape different from the pattern (i.e., radial generations in cylindrical systems, radial and phi generations in spherical systems, and theta generations in elliptical systems) are not allowed. Note that solid modeling in a toroidal coordinate system is not recommended. New line numbers are automatically assigned (beginning with the lowest available values [NUMSTR ]).
Menu Paths
Main Menu>Preprocessor>Copy>Lines Main Menu>Preprocessor>Move / Modify>Lines
Prev LFSURF Prev LGLUE L Commands
Next LGLUE Next
LGLUE
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Name
LGLUE, NL1, NL2, NL3, NL4, NL5, NL6, NL7, NL8, NL9 Generates new lines by "gluing" lines. group: PREP7:Booleans product: MP ME ST DY PR EM FL PP ED
Numbers of the lines to be glued. If NL1 = ALL, all selected lines will be glued (NL2 to NL9 will be ignored). If NL1 = P, graphical picking is enabled and all remaining command fields are ignored (valid only in the GUI). A component name may also be substituted for NL1.
Notes
Use of the LGLUE command generates new lines by "gluing" input lines. The glue operation redefines the input lines so that they share keypoints at their common ends. The new lines encompass the same geometry as the original lines. This operation is only valid if the intersections of the input lines are keypoints at the ends of those lines. See the ANSYS Modeling and Meshing Guide for an illustration. See the BOPTN command for an explanation of the options available to Boolean operations. Element attributes and solid model boundary conditions assigned to the original entities will not be transferred to the new entities generated. The LGLUE command results in the merging of keypoints at the common end of the lines. The keypoints of the lower numbered line will be kept. This means one must be aware of line numbering when multiple LGLUE commands are applied to avoid any ungluing of geometry.
Menu Paths
Main Menu>Preprocessor>Operate>Glue>Lines
Prev LGEN Prev LGWRITE L Commands
Next LGWRITE Next
LGWRITE
Name
LGWRITE, Fname, Ext, Dir, Kedit Writes the database command log to a file. group: SESSION:Files
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Fname
Ext
Filename extension (8 character maximum). The extension defaults to LGW if Fname and Ext are blank.
Dir

Kedit
Flag to suppress nonessential commands: NONE -Do not suppress any commands (default). COMMENT -Write nonessential commands as comments (starting with !). REMOVE -Do not write nonessential commands or comments.
Notes
Writes the database command log to a named file. The database command log contains all commands that were used to create the current database. These commands are recorded in the database as they are issued, and saved in the database file ( File.DB) whenever the database is saved. The LGWRITE command extracts these commands from the database and writes them to a file. Nonessential commands (for listing, graphics displays, help, etc.) can be excluded from the file by using the Kedit field. The file resulting from LGWRITE can be used as command input to the program. This command is most useful if the session log file (File.LOG), which is normally saved during an interactive session, has been lost or corrupted. LGWRITE cannot be used after design optimization looping because the database is cleared [/CLEAR ] automatically at each loop; use File.LOG instead. This command is valid in any processor.
Menu Paths
L Commands Utility Menu>File>Write DB Log File
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Prev LGLUE Prev /LIGHT L Commands
Next /LIGHT Next
/LIGHT
Name
/LIGHT, WN, NUM, INT, XV, YV, ZV, REFL Specifies the light direction for the display window. group: GRAPHICS:Style product: MP ME ST DY PR EM FL PP ED
WN

NUM
Ambient or directional light key: 0 -Ambient light (default). 1 -Directional light.

INT
Light intensity factor (defaults to 0.3 for ambient, 1.0 for directional). This option is valid only for 3-D devices).
XV, YV, ZV
Light direction (valid only for NUM = 1). The directional light source is parallel to the line from point XV, YV, ZV to the origin, in the global Cartesian system origin. Defaults to the viewing direction [/VIEW ].
REFL
Light reflectance factor (valid only for NUM = 1 and 3-D devices).
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Command Default
Use ambient light.
Notes
Defines the light direction for the window. Use this command only with 3-D graphics devices or 2-D devices when Z-buffering is used [/TYPE,,(6 or 7)]. The ambient light has no direction, only an intensity. You can position the directional light source by defining a point (in the global Cartesian coordinate system) representing a point along the light directional line. This point, and the global Cartesian coordinate system origin, define the line along which the light is positioned looking toward the origin. You can use any point along the light line; for example, both (1.,1.,1.) and (2.,2.,2.) give the same light effect. For 3-D graphics devices only, the directional light source also has intensity and reflectance factors. By choosing the highest intensity ambient light for 3-D graphics devices (via the command /LIGHT,WN,0,1), you can nullify color shading and other effects of directional lighting. This command is valid in any processor.
Menu Paths
Utility Menu>PlotCtrls>Style>Light Source
Prev LGWRITE Prev LINA L Commands
Next LINA Next
LINA
Name
LINA, NL, NA Finds the intersection of a line with an area. group: PREP7:Booleans product: MP ME ST DY PR EM FL PP ED
NL
Number of line to be intersected. If NL = P, graphical picking is enabled and all remaining command fields are ignored (valid only in the GUI).
NA
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Notes
Finds the intersection of a line with an area. New lines will be generated where the lines intersect the areas. If the regions of intersection are only points, new keypoints will be generated instead. See the ANSYS Modeling and Meshing Guide for an illustration. See the BOPTN command for the options available to Boolean operations. Element attributes and solid model boundary conditions assigned to the original entities will not be transferred to the new entities generated.
Menu Paths
Main Menu>Preprocessor>Operate>Intersect>Line with Area
Prev /LIGHT Prev LINE L Commands
Next LINE Next
LINE
Name
LINE Specifies "Lines" as the subsequent status topic. group: PREP7:Status product: MP ME ST DY PR EM FL PP ED
Notes
Menu Paths
Prev LINA /LINE
Next /LINE
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L Commands Prev L Commands
Page 53 of 107 Next
/LINE
Name
/LINE , X1, Y1, X2, Y2 Creates annotation lines (GUI). group: GRAPHICS:Annotation product: MP ME ST DY PR EM FL PP ED
X1
Line X starting location (-1.0 < X < 2.0).

Y1
Line Y starting location (-1.0 < Y < 1.0).

X2
Line X ending location (-1.0 < X < 2.0).

Y2
Line Y ending location (-1.0 < Y < 1.0).
Notes
Defines annotation lines to be written directly onto the display at a specified location. This is a command generated by the Graphical User Interface (GUI) and will appear in the log file (Jobname.LOG) if annotation is used. This command is not intended to be typed in directly in an ANSYS session (although it can be included in an input file for batch input or for use with the /INPUT command). All lines are shown on subsequent displays unless the annotation is turned off or deleted. Use the /LSPEC command to set the attributes of the line. This command is valid in any processor.
Menu Paths
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L Commands Prev LINE Prev LINES L Commands
Page 54 of 107 Next LINES Next
LINES
Name
LINES, N Specifies the length of a printed page. group: POST26:Listing product: MP ME ST DY PR EM FL PP ED
N
Number of lines per page (defaults to 20). (Minimum allowed = 11).
Command Default
20 lines per page.
Notes
Specifies the length of a printed page (for use in reports, etc.).
Menu Paths
Main Menu>TimeHist Postpro>Settings>List
Prev /LINE Prev LINL L Commands
Next LINL Next
LINL
Name
LINL, NL1, NL2, NL3, NL4, NL5, NL6, NL7, NL8, NL9 Finds the common intersection of lines.
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Numbers of lines to be intersected. If NL1 = ALL, find the intersection of all selected lines and NL2 to NL9 are ignored. If NL1 = P, graphical picking is enabled and all remaining command fields are ignored (valid only in the GUI). A component name may also be substituted for NL1.
Notes
Finds the common (not pairwise) intersection of lines. The common intersection is defined as the regions shared (in common) by all lines listed on this command. New lines will be generated where the original lines intersect. If the regions of intersection are only points, new keypoints will be generated instead. See the ANSYS Modeling and Meshing Guide for an illustration. See the BOPTN command for the options available to Boolean operations. Element attributes and solid model boundary conditions assigned to the original entities will not be transferred to the new entities generated.
Menu Paths
Main Menu>Preprocessor>Operate>Intersect>Lines
Prev LINES Prev LINP L Commands
Next LINP Next
LINP
Name
LINP, NL1, NL2, NL3, NL4, NL5, NL6, NL7, NL8, NL9 Finds the pairwise intersection of lines. group: PREP7:Booleans product: MP ME ST DY PR EM FL PP ED
Numbers of lines to be intersected pairwise. If NL1 = ALL, find the pairwise intersection of all selected lines and NL2 to NL9 are ignored. If NL1 = P, graphical picking is enabled and all file://D:\Documents%20and%20Settings\Administrator\Local%20Settings\Temp\~hh... 20.05.2004
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remaining command fields are ignored (valid only in the GUI). A component name may be substituted for NL1.
Notes
Finds the pairwise intersection of lines. The pairwise intersection is defined as any and all regions shared by at least two lines listed on this command. New lines will be generated where the original lines intersect pairwise. If the regions of pairwise intersection are only points, new keypoints will be generated. See the ANSYS Modeling and Meshing Guide for an illustration. See the BOPTN command for the options available to Boolean operations. Element attributes and solid model boundary conditions assigned to the original entities will not be transferred to the new entities generated.
Menu Paths
Main Menu>Preprocessor>Operate>Intersect>Lines
Prev LINL Prev LINV L Commands
Next LINV Next
LINV
Name
LINV, NL, NV Finds the intersection of a line with a volume. group: PREP7:Booleans product: MP ME ST DY PR EM FL PP ED
NL
Number of line to be intersected. If NL = P, graphical picking is enabled and all remaining command fields are ignored (valid only in the GUI).
NV
Number of volume to be intersected.
Notes
Finds the intersection of a line with a volume. New lines will be generated where the lines intersect the volumes. If the regions of intersection are only points, new keypoints will be generated instead. file://D:\Documents%20and%20Settings\Administrator\Local%20Settings\Temp\~hh... 20.05.2004
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See the ANSYS Modeling and Meshing Guide for an illustration. See the BOPTN command for the options available to Boolean operations. Element attributes and solid model boundary conditions assigned to the original entities will not be transferred to the new entities generated.
Menu Paths
Main Menu>Preprocessor>Operate>Intersect>Line with Volume
Prev LINP Prev LIST L Commands
Next LIST Next
LIST
Name
LIST, LEVEL Lists out the sets in the results file. group: AUX3:Binary Files product: MP ME ST DY PR EM FL PP ED
Notes
This command lists the results set number, the load step, substep, and time step for each set. It also shows all sets marked for deletion.
Menu Paths
Prev LINV Prev *LIST L Commands
Next *LIST Next
*LIST
Name
*LIST, Fname , Ext, Dir Displays the contents of an external, coded file.
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Fname

Ext

Dir
Notes
Displays the contents of an external, coded file. The file to be listed cannot be in use (open) at the time (except for the error file, File.ERR, which may be displayed with *LIST,ERR). Use caution when you are listing active ANSYS files via the List>Files>Other and File>List>Other menu paths. File I/O buffer and system configurations can result in incomplete listings unless the files are closed. This command is valid in any processor.
Menu Paths
Prev LIST Prev LLIST L Commands
Next LLIST Next
LLIST
Name
LLIST, NL1, NL2, NINC, Lab Lists the defined lines. group: PREP7:Lines product: MP ME ST DY PR EM FL PP ED
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NL1, NL2, NINC
List lines from NL1 to NL2 (defaults to NL1) in steps of NINC (defaults to 1). If NL1 = ALL (default), NL2 and NINC are ignored and all selected lines [LSEL] are listed. If NL1 = P, graphical picking is enabled and all remaining command fields are ignored (valid only in the GUI). A component name may also be substituted for NL1 (NL2 and NINC are ignored).
Lab
Determines what type of listing is used (one of the following): (blank) -Prints information about all lines in the specified range. RADIUS -Prints the radius of any circular arcs, along with the keypoint numbers of each line. Noncircular arcs and circular arcs that have been moved or copied (e.g., using LGEN , AGEN, VGEN) will print a radius value of zero. LAYER -Prints layer-mesh control specifications. HPT -Prints information about only those lines that contain hard points. HPT is not supported in the GUI. ORIENT -Prints a list of lines, and identifies any orientation keypoints and any cross section IDs that are associated with the lines. Used for beam meshing with defined orientation nodes and cross sections.
Notes
There are 2 listings for the number of element divisions and the spacing ratio. The first listing shows assignments from LESIZE only, followed by the hard key (KYNDIV). See LESIZE for more information. The second listing shows NDIV and SPACE for the existing mesh, if one exists. Whether this existing mesh and the mesh generated by LESIZE match at any given point depends upon meshing options and the sequence of meshing operations. A -1 in the nodes column indicates that the line has been meshed but that there are no interior nodes. An attribute (TYPE, MAT, REAL, or ESYS) listed as a zero is unassigned; one listed as a positive value indicates that the attribute was assigned with the LATT command (and will not be reset to zero if the mesh is cleared); one listed as a negative value indicates that the attribute was assigned using the attribute pointer [TYPE, MAT, REAL, or ESYS] that was active during meshing (and will
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L Commands be reset to zero if the mesh is cleared). This command is valid in any processor.
Page 60 of 107
Menu Paths
Utility Menu>List>Lines
Prev *LIST Prev LMATRIX L Commands
Next LMATRIX Next
LMATRIX
Name
LMATRIX, Symfac, Coilname, Curname, Indname Calculates an inductance matrix and the total flux linkage for an N-winding coil system. group: SOLUTION:Analysis Options product: MP ME ST EM PP ED
Symfac
Geometric symmetry factor. Inductance terms are scaled by this factor which represents the fraction of the total device modeled. Default is 1.
Coilname
Alpha-numeric prefix identifier for coil label used in defining named element coil components. Default is 'coil.'
Curname
Name of a predefined parameter array containing the nominal coil currents of the system. The array must be defined (see *DIM command) prior to calling the LMATRIX macro. Default is 'curr.'
Indname
Name of the array parameter to be created by LMATRIX containing the calculated inductance matrix and the flux linkage in each coil. A text file of the same name with an extension .TXT is created containing the matrix data. Default is 'ind.'
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Notes
LMATRIX calculates the differential inductance matrix for an N-winding system where N is the number of coils in the system, and calculates the total flux linkage in each coil. LMATRIX may only be executed after the solution of a problem with nominal currents applied to the coils at a desired operating point. The array Indname has N rows and N+1 columns. The N x N block is the differential inductance matrix; the N+1th column contains the total flux linkage, with the ith row corresponding to the ith coil. See the ANSYS, Inc. Theory Reference for more details. To invoke the LMATRIX macro, the elements for each coil must be grouped into a component using the CM command. Each set of independent coil elements is assigned a component name with the prefix Coilname followed by the coil number. To invoke the LMATRIX macro, the vector array parameter Curname with dimension N must be defined and named using the *DIM command. You must set each vector array entry equal to the nominal current per turn in the corresponding coil at the operating point. Zero current values must be approximated by a negligibly small applied current. The operating point solution must be obtained using the Frontal equation solver. Do not apply (or remove) inhomogeneous loads before using the LMATRIX command. Inhomogeneous loads are those created by:
?
Degree of freedom commands (D, DA, etc.) specifying non-zero degrees of freedom values on nodes or solid model entities Any CE command with a non-zero constant term
Do not put any loads (for example, current) on elements not contained in the element component. Operating solutions must be obtained via static analysis using the frontal solver before calling LMATRIX. All name-strings must be enclosed in single quotes in the LMATRIX command line. The geometric symmetry factor, Symfac, represents the fraction of the device modeled, disregarding any current source primitives. See the ANSYS, Inc. Theory Reference and Electric and Magnetic Macros in the ANSYS Electromagnetic Field Analysis Guide for details.
Menu Paths
Main Menu>Solution>Electromagnet>Induct Matrix
Prev LLIST Prev LMESH L Commands
Next LMESH Next
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LMESH
Name
LMESH, NL1, NL2, NINC Generates nodes and line elements along lines. group: PREP7:Meshing product: MP ME ST DY PR EM FL PP ED
NL1, NL2, NINC
Mesh lines from NL1 to NL2 (defaults to NL1) in steps of NINC (defaults to 1). If NL1 = ALL, NL2 and NINC are ignored and all selected lines [LSEL] are meshed. If NL1 = P, graphical picking is enabled and all remaining command fields are ignored (valid only in the GUI). A component name may also be substituted for NL1 ( NL2 and NINC are ignored).
Notes
Generates nodes and line elements along lines. Missing nodes required for the generated elements are created and assigned the lowest available numbers.
Menu Paths
Main Menu>Preprocessor>Mesh>Lines
Prev LMATRIX Prev LNCOLLAPSE L Commands
Next LNCOLLAPSE Next
LNCOLLAPSE
Name
LNCOLLAPSE, LINE , KEYPOINT Collapse a line segment to a keypoint (for models imported from CAD files). group: PREP7:CAD Repair product: MP ME ST DY PR EM FL PP ED
L Commands
LINE
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The ID of the line segment to be collapsed.

KEYPOINT
The ID of the existing keypoint (one of the keypoints connected to the line segment) that will remain after the collapse operation.
Notes
This command is available only for repairing the geometry of models imported from CAD systems (Default IGES option). This command does not check for any entity penetration resulting from the collapse.
Menu Paths
Main Menu>Preprocessor>Simplify>Collapse Lines
Prev LMESH Prev LNDETACH L Commands
Next LNDETACH Next
LNDETACH
Name
LNDETACH, LINE1, LINE2, LNINC Detaches lines from neighboring geometric entity (for models imported from CAD files). group: PREP7:CAD Repair product: MP ME ST DY PR EM FL PP ED
LINE1, LINE2, LNINC
Detach lines from LINE1 to LINE2 (defaults to LINE1) in steps of LNINC (defaults to 1).
Notes
Use this command to detach non-manifold lines from their neighboring geometric entities. This command is available only for repairing the geometry of models imported from CAD systems.
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Menu Paths
Main Menu>Preprocessor>Geom Repair>Detach Lines
Prev LNCOLLAPSE Prev LNFILL L Commands
Next LNFILL Next
LNFILL
Name
LNFILL , KP1, KP2 Creates a straight line between two keypoints (for models imported from CAD files). group: PREP7:CAD Repair product: MP ME ST DY PR EM FL PP ED
KP1, KP2
Creates a straight line from keypoint defined by KP1 to keypoint defined by KP2. If KP1 = P; graphical picking is enabled and the remaining command field is ignored.
Notes
This command is available only for repairing the geometry of models imported from CAD systems (Default IGES option).
Menu Paths
Main Menu>Preprocessor>Geom Repair>Fill Lines
Prev LNDETACH Prev LNMERGE L Commands
Next LNMERGE Next
LNMERGE
L Commands
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Name
LNMERGE, LN1, LN2, LN3, LN4, LN4, LN6, LN7, LN8, LN9, LN10 Merges two or more connected line segments (for models imported from CAD files). group: PREP7:CAD Repair product: MP ME ST DY PR EM FL PP ED
List of lines that define the set of line segments to merge into one or more line segments. The command merges all the lines from the selected set that are connected to only one other line. If LN1 = P, graphical picking is enabled and all remaining arguments are ignored (valid only in the GUI). If LN1 = ALL, all selected lines will be merged and all remaining arguments are ignored. The connected lines are automatically grouped together to form a set of merged lines.
Notes
Use the LNMERGE command to merge disproportionately small line segments into a single line segment. This command is available only for repairing the geometry of models imported from CAD systems (Default IGES option). Only those line segments specified in the line list that are connected together will be joined by the merge operation. The command considers two lines to be connected if those two lines(and only those two lines) connect together at a single keypoint. While the LNMERGE command allows you to join multiple lines in one merge operation, the preferred method is to merge pairs of line segments to successively build a single line segment. Using this technique can prevent problems during meshing. The LNMERGE command does not check the angle of inclination between adjacent lines during the merge operation.
Menu Paths
Main Menu>Preprocessor>Simplify>Merge Lines
Prev LNFILL Prev LNSPLIT L Commands
Next LNSPLIT Next
LNSPLIT
Name
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LNSPLIT, LINE , PARAM Splits a line segment into two line segments (for models imported from CAD files). group: PREP7:CAD Repair product: MP ME ST DY PR EM FL PP ED
LINE
ID identifying the line to be split.

PARAM
Arc length parameter specifying the location of the keypoint which will join the two new line segments (the "split point"). Valid arguments are values between 0 and 1, measured from the line's starting keypoint. Negative values between 0 and -1 are measured from the line's ending keypoint.
Notes
This command is available only for repairing the geometry of models imported from CAD systems (Default IGES option).
Menu Paths
Main Menu>Preprocessor>Simplify>Split Lines
Prev LNMERGE Prev LNSRCH L Commands
Next LNSRCH Next
LNSRCH
Name
LNSRCH, Key Activates a line search to be used with Newton-Raphson. group: SOLUTION:Nonlinear Options product: MP ME ST PR PP ED
Key
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L Commands Line search key: OFF -Do not use a line search. ON --
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Use a line search. Note, adaptive descent is suppressed when LNSRCH is on unless explicitly requested on the NROPT command. Having line search on and adaptive descent on at the same time is not recommended. AUTO -ANSYS automatically switches line searching ON and OFF between substeps of a load step as needed. This option is recommended.
Command Default
Line search off, unless contact elements are present.
Notes
The default values given for this command assume SOLCONTROL,ON (the default). See the description of SOLCONTROL for a complete listing of the defaults set by SOLCONTROL,ON and SOLCONTROL,OFF. Activates a line search to be used with the Newton-Raphson method [NROPT]. Line search is an alternative to adaptive descent (see the ANSYS, Inc. Theory Reference). LNSRCH,AUTO can be very efficient for problems in which LNSRCH is needed at only certain substeps. You cannot use line search [LNSRCH], automatic time stepping [AUTOTS ], or the DOF solution predictor [PRED] with the arc-length method [ARCLEN, ARCTRM]. If you activate the arc-length method after you set LNSRCH, AUTOTS , or PRED, a warning message appears. If you choose to proceed with the arc-length method activation, ANSYS disables your line search, automatic time stepping, and DOF predictor settings. This command is also valid in PREP7.
Menu Paths
Main Menu>Preprocessor>Loads>Nonlinear>Line Search Main Menu>Solution>Nonlinear>Line Search Main Menu>Solution>Sol'n Controls
Prev LNSPLIT LOCAL
Next LOCAL
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LOCAL
Name
LOCAL, KCN, KCS, XC, YC, ZC, THXY, THYZ, THZX, PAR1, PAR2 Defines a local coordinate system by a location and orientation. group: DATABASE:Coordinate System product: MP ME ST DY PR EM FL PP ED
KCN
KCS
Coordinate system type: 0 or CART -Cartesian 1 or CYLIN -Cylindrical (circular or elliptical) 2 or SPHE -Spherical (or spheroidal) 3 or TORO -Toroidal
XC, YC, ZC
Location (in the global Cartesian coordinate system) of the origin of the new coordinate system.
THXY
First rotation about local Z (positive X toward Y).

THYZ
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L Commands Second rotation about local X (positive Y toward Z).

THZX
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Third rotation about local Y (positive Z toward X).

PAR1
PAR2
Notes
Defines a local coordinate system by origin location and orientation angles. The local coordinate system is parallel to the global Cartesian system unless rotated. Rotation angles are in degrees and redefine any previous rotation angles. See the CLOCAL, CS, CSWPLA, and CSKP commands for alternate definitions. This local system becomes the active coordinate system [CSYS]. Local coordinate systems may be displayed with the /PSYMB command. This command is valid in any processor.
Menu Paths
Utility Menu>WorkPlane>Local Coordinate Systems>Create Local CS>At Specified Loc
Prev LNSRCH Prev LOVLAP L Commands
Next LOVLAP Next
LOVLAP
Name
LOVLAP , NL1, NL2, NL3, NL4, NL5, NL6, NL7, NL8, NL9 Overlaps lines. group: PREP7:Booleans product: MP ME ST DY PR EM FL PP ED
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Numbers of lines to be overlapped. If NL1 = ALL, NL2 to NL9 are ignored and all selected lines are overlapped. If NL1 = P, graphical picking is enabled and all remaining command fields are ignored (valid only in the GUI). A component name may also be substituted for NL1.
Notes
Overlaps lines. Generates new lines which encompass the geometry of all the input lines. The new lines are defined by the regions of intersection of the input lines, and by the complementary (nonintersecting) regions. See the ANSYS Modeling and Meshing Guide for an illustration. This operation is only valid when the region of intersection is a line. See the BOPTN command for an explanation of the options available to Boolean operations. Element attributes and solid model boundary conditions assigned to the original entities will not be transferred to the new entities generated.
Menu Paths
Main Menu>Preprocessor>Operate>Overlap>Lines
Prev LOCAL Prev LPLOT L Commands
Next LPLOT Next
LPLOT
Name
LPLOT, NL1, NL2, NINC Displays the selected lines. group: PREP7:Lines product: MP ME ST DY PR EM FL PP ED
NL1, NL2, NINC
Display lines from NL1 to NL2 (defaults to NL1) in steps of NINC (defaults to 1). If NL1 = ALL (default), NL2 and NINC are ignored and display all selected lines [LSEL].
Notes
Mesh divisions on plotted lines are controlled by the LDIV option of the /PSYMB command. This command is valid in any processor.
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Menu Paths
Utility Menu>Plot>Lines Utility Menu>Plot>Specified Entities>Lines
Prev LOVLAP Prev LPTN L Commands
Next LPTN Next
LPTN
Name
LPTN, NL1, NL2, NL3, NL4, NL5, NL6, NL7, NL8, NL9 Partitions lines. group: PREP7:Booleans product: MP ME ST DY PR EM FL PP ED
Numbers of lines to be operated on. If NL1 = ALL, NL2 to NL9 are ignored all selected lines are used. If NL1 = P, graphical picking is enabled and all remaining command fields are ignored (valid only in the GUI). A component name may be substituted for NL1.
Notes
Partitions lines. Generates new lines which encompass the geometry of all the input lines. The new lines are defined by both the regions of intersection of the input lines and the complementary (nonintersecting) regions. See the ANSYS Modeling and Meshing Guide for an illustration. See the BOPTN command for an explanation of the options available to Boolean operations. Element attributes and solid model boundary conditions assigned to the original entities will not be transferred to the new entities generated.
Menu Paths
Main Menu>Preprocessor>Operate>Partition>Lines
Prev LPLOT LREFINE
Next LREFINE
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LREFINE
Name
LREFINE, NL1, NL2, NINC, LEVEL, DEPTH, POST, RETAIN Refines the mesh around specified lines. group: PREP7:Meshing product: MP ME ST DY PR EM FL PP ED
NL1, NL2, NINC
Lines ( NL1 to NL2 in increments of NINC) around which the mesh is to be refined. NL2 defaults to NL1, and NINC defaults to 1. If NL1 = ALL, NL2 and NINC are ignored and all selected lines are used for refinement. If NL1 = P, graphical picking is enabled and all remaining command fields are ignored (valid only in the GUI). A component name may also be substituted for NL1 (NL2 and NINC are ignored).
LEVEL
DEPTH
Depth of mesh refinement in terms of the number of elements outward from the indicated lines (defaults to 1).
POST
RETAIN
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Flag indicating whether quadrilateral elements must be retained in the refinement of an allquadrilateral mesh. (The ANSYS program ignores the RETAIN argument when you are refining anything other than a quadrilateral mesh.) ON -The final mesh will be composed entirely of quadrilateral elements, regardless of the element quality (default). OFF -The final mesh may include some triangular elements in order to maintain element quality and provide transitioning.
Notes
LREFINE performs local mesh refinement around the specified lines. By default, the indicated elements are split to create new elements with 1/2 the edge length of the original elements ( LEVEL = 1). LREFINE refines all area elements and tetrahedral volume elements that are adjacent to the specified lines. Any volume elements that are adjacent to the specified lines, but are not tetrahedra (for example, hexahedra, wedges, and pyramids), are not refined. You cannot use mesh refinement on a solid model that contains initial conditions at nodes [IC], coupled nodes [CP family of commands], constraint equations [CE family of commands], or boundary conditions or loads applied directly to any of its nodes or elements. This applies to nodes and elements anywhere in the model, not just in the region where you want to request mesh refinement. For additional restrictions on mesh refinement, see Revising Your Model in the ANSYS Modeling and Meshing Guide.
Menu Paths
Main Menu>Preprocessor>Modify Mesh>Lines Main Menu>Preprocessor>Modify Mesh>Lines
Prev LPTN Prev LREVERSE L Commands
Next LREVERSE Next
LREVERSE
Name
LREVERSE, LNUM, NOEFLIP Reverses the normal of a line, regardless of its connectivity or mesh status. group: PREP7:Lines file://D:\Documents%20and%20Settings\Administrator\Local%20Settings\Temp\~hh... 20.05.2004
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LNUM
Line number of the line whose normal direction is to be reversed. If LNUM = ALL, the normals of all selected lines will be reversed. If LNUM = P, graphical picking is enabled. A component name may also be substituted for LNUM.
NOEFLIP
Indicates whether you want to change the normal direction of the existing elements on the reversed line(s) so that they are consistent with each line's new normal direction. 0 -Make the normal direction of existing elements on the reversed line(s) consistent with each line's new normal direction (default). 1 -Do not change the normal direction of existing elements on the reversed line(s).
Notes
You cannot use the LREVERSE command to change the normal direction of any element that has a body or surface load. We recommend that you apply all of your loads only after ensuring that the element normal directions are acceptable. Real constants (such as non-uniform shell thickness and tapered beam constants) may be invalidated by an element reversal. For more information, see Revising Your Model in the ANSYS Modeling and Meshing Guide.
Menu Paths
Main Menu>Preprocessor>Move / Modify>Reverse Normals>of Lines
Prev LREFINE Prev LROTAT L Commands
Next LROTAT Next
LROTAT
Name
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LROTAT , NK1, NK2, NK3, NK4, NK5, NK6, PAX1, PAX2, ARC, NSEG Generates circular lines by rotating a keypoint pattern about an axis. group: PREP7:Lines product: MP ME ST DY PR EM FL PP ED
NK1, NK2, NK3, NK4, NK5, NK6
List of keypoints in the pattern to be rotated (6 maximum if using keyboard entry). If NK1 = P, graphical picking is enabled and all remaining command fields are ignored (valid only in the GUI). If NK1 = ALL, all selected keypoints (except PAX1 and PAX2) will define the pattern to be rotated. A component name may also be substituted for NK1.
PAX1, PAX2
Keypoints defining the axis about which the keypoint pattern is to be rotated.
ARC
NSEG
Number of lines (8 maximum) around circumference. Defaults to minimum required for 90 (maximum) arcs, i.e., 4 for 360, 3 for 270, etc.
Notes
Generates circular lines (and their corresponding keypoints) by rotating a keypoint pattern about an axis. Keypoint patterns are generated at regular angular locations (based on a maximum spacing of 90). Line patterns are generated at the keypoint patterns. Keypoint and line numbers are automatically assigned (beginning with the lowest available values [NUMSTR ]).
Menu Paths
Prev LREVERSE Prev LSBA L Commands
Next LSBA Next
LSBA
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Name
LSBA, NL, NA, SEPO, KEEPL, KEEPA Subtracts areas from lines. group: PREP7:Booleans product: MP ME ST DY PR EM FL PP ED
NL
Line (or lines, if picking is used) to be subtracted from. If ALL, use all selected lines. If NL = P, graphical picking is enabled and all remaining command fields are ignored (valid only in the GUI). A component name may also be substituted for NL.
NA
Area (or areas, if picking is used) to be subtracted. If ALL, use all selected areas. A component name may also be substituted for NA.
SEPO
Behavior if the intersection of the lines and the areas is a keypoint or keypoints: (blank) -The resulting lines will share keypoint(s) where they touch. SEPO -The resulting lines will have separate, but coincident keypoint(s) where they touch.
KEEPL
Specifies whether NL lines are to be deleted: (blank) -Use the setting of KEEP on the BOPTN command. DELETE -Delete NL lines after LSBA operation (override BOPTN command settings). KEEP -Keep NL lines after LSBA operation (override BOPTN command settings).
KEEPA
Specifies whether NA areas are to be deleted: (blank) --
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L Commands Use the setting of KEEP on the BOPTN command. DELETE -Delete areas after LSBA operation (override BOPTN command settings). KEEP -Keep areas after LSBA operation (override BOPTN command settings).
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Notes
Generates new lines by subtracting the regions common to both NL lines and NA areas (the intersection) from the NL lines. The intersection can be a line(s) or keypoint(s). If the intersection is a keypoint and SEPO is blank, the NL line is divided at the keypoint and the resulting lines will be connected, sharing a common keypoint where they touch. If SEPO is set to SEPO, NL is divided into two unconnected lines with separate keypoints where they touch. See the ANSYS Modeling and Meshing Guide for an illustration. See the BOPTN command for an explanation of the options available to Boolean operations. Element attributes and solid model boundary conditions assigned to the original entities will not be transferred to the new entities generated.
Menu Paths
Main Menu>Preprocessor>Operate>Divide>Line by Area Main Menu>Preprocessor>Operate>Divide>With Options>Line by Area
Prev LROTAT Prev LSBL L Commands
Next LSBL Next
LSBL
Name
LSBL, NL1, NL2, SEPO, KEEP1, KEEP2 Subtracts lines from lines. group: PREP7:Booleans product: MP ME ST DY PR EM FL PP ED
NL1
Line (or lines, if picking is used) to be subtracted from. If ALL, use all selected lines. Lines specified in this argument are not available for use in the NL2 argument. If P, graphical picking file://D:\Documents%20and%20Settings\Administrator\Local%20Settings\Temp\~hh... 20.05.2004
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is enabled (valid only in the GUI) and all remaining fields are ignored. A component name may also be substituted for NL1.
NL2
Line (or lines, if picking is used) to subtract. If ALL, use all selected lines (except those included in the NL1 argument). A component name may also be substituted for NL2.
SEPO
Behavior if the intersection of the NL1 lines and the NL2 lines is a keypoint or keypoints: (blank) -The resulting lines will share keypoint(s) where they touch. SEPO -The resulting lines will have separate, but coincident keypoint(s) where they touch.
KEEP1
Specifies whether NL1 lines are to be deleted: (blank) -Use the setting of KEEP on the BOPTN command. DELETE -Delete NL1 lines after LSBL operation (override BOPTN command settings). KEEP -Keep NL1 lines after LSBL operation (override BOPTN command settings).
KEEP2
Specifies whether NL2 lines are to be deleted: (blank) -Use the setting of KEEP on the BOPTN command. DELETE -Delete NL2 lines after LSBL operation (override BOPTN command settings). KEEP -Keep NL2 lines after LSBL operation (override BOPTN command settings).
Notes
Generates new lines by subtracting the regions common to both NL1 and NL2 lines (the intersection)
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from the NL1 lines. The intersection can be a line(s) or point(s). If the intersection is a point and SEPO is blank, the NL1 line is divided at the point and the resulting lines will be connected, sharing a common keypoint where they touch. If SEPO is set to SEPO, NL1 is divided into two unconnected lines with separate keypoints where they touch. See the ANSYS Modeling and Meshing Guide for an illustration. See the BOPTN command for an explanation of the options available to Boolean operations. Element attributes and solid model boundary conditions assigned to the original entities will not be transferred to the new entities generated. LSBL,ALL,ALL will have no effect since all the lines (in NL1) will be unavailable as NL2 lines.
Menu Paths
Main Menu>Preprocessor>Operate>Divide>Line by Line Main Menu>Preprocessor>Operate>Divide>With Options>Line by Line Main Menu>Preprocessor>Operate>Subtract>Lines Main Menu>Preprocessor>Operate>Subtract>With Options>Lines
Prev LSBA Prev LSBV L Commands
Next LSBV Next
LSBV
Name
LSBV, NL, NV, SEPO, KEEPL, KEEPV Subtracts volumes from lines. group: PREP7:Booleans product: MP ME ST DY PR EM FL PP ED
NL
Line (or lines, if picking is used) to be subtracted from. If ALL, use all selected lines. If NL = P, graphical picking is enabled and all remaining command fields are ignored (valid only in the GUI). A component name may also be substituted for NL.
NV
Volume (or volumes, if picking is used) to be subtracted. If ALL, use all selected volumes. A component name may also be substituted for NV.
SEPO
Behavior if the intersection of the NL lines and the NV volumes is a keypoint or keypoints: file://D:\Documents%20and%20Settings\Administrator\Local%20Settings\Temp\~hh... 20.05.2004
L Commands (blank) -The resulting lines will share keypoint(s) where they touch. SEPO --
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The resulting lines will have separate, but coincident keypoint(s) where they touch.
KEEPL
Specifies whether NL lines are to be deleted: (blank) -Use the setting of KEEP on the BOPTN command. DELETE -Delete NL lines after LSBV operation (override BOPTN command settings). KEEP -Keep NL lines after LSBV operation (override BOPTN command settings).
KEEPV
Specifies whether NV volumes are to be deleted: (blank) -Use the setting of KEEP on the BOPTN command. DELETE -Delete NV volumes after LSBV operation (override BOPTN command settings). KEEP -Keep NV volumes after LSBV operation (override BOPTN command settings).
Notes
Generates new lines by subtracting the regions common to both NL lines and NV volumes (the intersection) from the NL lines. The intersection can be a line(s) or point(s). If the intersection is a point and SEPO is blank, the NL1 line is divided at the point and the resulting lines will be connected, sharing a common keypoint where they touch. If SEPO is set to SEPO, NL1 is divided into two unconnected lines with separate keypoints where they touch. See the ANSYS Modeling and Meshing Guide for an illustration. See the BOPTN command for an explanation of the options available to Boolean operations. Element attributes and solid model boundary conditions assigned to the original entities will not be transferred to the new entities generated. LSBL,ALL,ALL will have no effect since all the lines (in NL1) will be unavailable as NL2 lines.
Menu Paths
L Commands Main Menu>Preprocessor>Operate>Divide>Line by Volume Main Menu>Preprocessor>Operate>Divide>With Options>Line by Volume Main Menu>Preprocessor>Operate>Line by Volu
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Prev LSBL Prev LSBW L Commands
Next LSBW Next
LSBW
Name
LSBW, NL, SEPO, KEEP Subtracts the intersection of the working plane from lines (divides lines). group: PREP7:Booleans product: MP ME ST DY PR EM FL PP ED
NL
Line (or lines, if picking is used) to be subtracted from. If NL = ALL, use all selected lines. If NL = P, graphical picking is enabled and all remaining command fields are ignored (valid only in the GUI). A component name may also be input for NL.
SEPO
Behavior of the created boundary. (blank) -The resulting lines will share keypoint(s) where they touch. SEPO -The resulting lines will have separate, but coincident keypoint(s).
KEEP
Specifies whether NL lines are to be deleted: (blank) -Use the setting of KEEP on the BOPTN command. DELETE --
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Delete NL lines after LSBW operation (override BOPTN command settings). KEEP -Keep NL lines after LSBW operation (override BOPTN command settings).
Notes
Generates new lines by subtracting the intersection of the working plane from the NL lines. The intersection will be a keypoint(s). The working plane must not be in the same plane as the NL line(s). If SEPO is blank, the NL line is divided and the resulting lines will be connected, sharing a common keypoint where they touch. If SEPO is set to SEPO, NL is divided into two unconnected lines with separate keypoints. See the ANSYS Modeling and Meshing Guide for an illustration. See the BOPTN command for an explanation of the options available to Boolean operations. Element attributes and solid model boundary conditions assigned to the original entities will not be transferred to the new entities generated. Areas that completely contain the input lines will be updated if the lines are divided by this operation.
Menu Paths
Main Menu>Preprocessor>Operate>Divide>Line by WrkPlane Main Menu>Preprocessor>Operate>Divide>With Options>Line by WrkPlane Main Menu>Preprocessor>Operate>Line by WrkPlane
Prev LSBV Prev LSCLEAR L Commands
Next LSCLEAR Next
LSCLEAR
Name
LSCLEAR, Lab Clears loads and load step options from the database. group: SOLUTION:Load Step Operations product: MP ME ST PR EM FL PP ED
Lab
Label identifying the data to be cleared: SOLID -Delete only solid model loads. file://D:\Documents%20and%20Settings\Administrator\Local%20Settings\Temp\~hh... 20.05.2004
L Commands FE -Delete only finite element loads. INER -Delete only inertia loads (ACEL , etc.). LFACT -Initialize only load factors (on DCUM, FCUM, SFCUM, etc.). LSOPT -Initialize only load step options. ALL -Delete all loads and initialize all load step options and load factors.
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Notes
Loads are deleted, and load step options are initialized to their default values. This command is also valid in PREP7.
Menu Paths
Main Menu>Preprocessor>Modify Mesh>All Main Menu>Preprocessor>Modify Mesh>Areas Main Menu>Preprocessor>Modify Mesh>Elements Main Menu>Preprocessor>Modify Mesh>Keypoints Main Menu>Preprocessor>Modify Mesh>Lines Main Menu>Preprocessor>Modify Mesh>Nodes Main Menu>Preprocessor>Loads>Delete>All Load Data>All F.E. Loads Main Menu>Preprocessor>Loads>Delete>All Load Data>All Inertia Lds Main Menu>Preprocessor>Loads>Delete>All Load Data>All Loads & Opts Main Menu>Preprocessor>Loads>Delete>All Load Data>All SolidMod Lds Main Menu>Preprocessor>Loads>Reset Options Main Menu>Preprocessor>Loads>Settings>Reset Factors Main Menu>Solution>Delete>All Load Data>All F.E. Loads Main Menu>Solution>Delete>All Load Data>All Inertia Lds Main Menu>Solution>Delete>All Load Data>All Loads & Opts Main Menu>Solution>Delete>All Load Data>All SolidMod Lds Main Menu>Solution>Reset Options Main Menu>Solution>Settings>Reset Factors
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L Commands Prev LSBW Prev LSDELE L Commands
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LSDELE
Name
LSDELE, LSMIN, LSMAX, LSINC Deletes load step files. group: SOLUTION:Load Step Operations product: MP ME ST PR EM FL PP ED
LSMIN, LSMAX, LSINC
Range of load step files to be deleted, from LSMIN to LSMAX in steps of LSINC. LSMAX defaults to LSMIN, and LSINC defaults to 1. If LSMIN = ALL, all load step files are deleted (and LSMAX and LSINC are ignored). The load step files are assumed to be named Jobname.Sn, where n is a number assigned by the LSWRITE command (01--09,10,11, etc.). On systems with a 3character limit on the extension, the "S" is dropped for numbers > 99.
Notes
Deletes load step files in the current directory (written by the LSWRITE command). This command is also valid in PREP7.
Menu Paths
Main Menu>Preprocessor>Loads>Operate>Delete LS Files Main Menu>Solution>Operate>Delete LS Files
Prev LSCLEAR Prev LSEL L Commands
Next LSEL Next
LSEL
L Commands
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Name
LSEL, Type, Item, Comp, VMIN, VMAX, VINC, KSWP Selects a subset of lines. group: DATABASE:Selecting product: MP ME ST DY PR EM FL PP ED
Type
Label identifying the type of select: S -Select a new set (default). R -Reselect a set from the current set. A -Additionally select a set and extend the current set. U -Unselect a set from the current set. ALL -Restore the full set. NONE -Unselect the full set. INVE -Invert the current set (selected becomes unselected and vice versa). STAT -Display the current select status. The following fields are used only with Type = S,R,A, or U:
Item
Label identifying data. Valid item labels are shown in the table below. Some items also require a component label. If Item = P, graphical picking is enabled and all remaining command fields are ignored (valid only in the GUI). Defaults to LINE. file://D:\Documents%20and%20Settings\Administrator\Local%20Settings\Temp\~hh... 20.05.2004
L Commands
Comp
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VMIN
Minimum value of item range. Ranges are line numbers, coordinate values, attribute numbers, etc., as appropriate for the item. If VMIN = 0.0, a tolerance of 1.0E-6 is used, or 0.005 x VMIN if VMIN = VMAX. A component name (as specified on the CM command) may also be substituted for VMIN (VMAX and VINC are ignored). If Item = MAT, TYPE, REAL, ESYS, or NDIV and if VMIN is positive, the absolute value of Item is compared against the range for selection; if VMIN is negative, the signed value of Item is compared. See the LLIST command for a discussion of signed attributes.
VMAX
Maximum value of item range. VMAX defaults to VMIN. If VMAX x (VMAX- VMIN) is used.
VINC
VMIN,
a tolerance of 1.0E-8
Value increment within range. Used only with integer ranges (such as for line numbers). Defaults to 1. VINC cannot be negative.
KSWP
Specifies whether only lines are to be selected: 0 -Select lines only. 1 -Select lines, as well as keypoints, nodes, and elements associated with selected lines. Valid only with Type = S.
Command Default
All lines are selected.
Notes
Selects lines based on values of a labeled item and component. For example, to select a new set of lines based on line numbers 1 through 7, use LSEL,S,LINE,,1,7. The subset is used when the ALL label is entered (or implied) on other commands, such as LLIST,ALL. Only data identified by line number are selected. Data are flagged as selected and unselected; no data are actually deleted from the database. If Item = LCCA, the command selects only those lines that were created by concatenation. The KSWP field is processed, but the Comp, VMIN, VMAX, and VINC fields are ignored. If Item = HPT, the command selects only those lines that contain hard points.
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Item
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= RADIUS is only valid for lines that are circular arcs.
LSEL is valid in any processor. LSEL - Valid Item and Component Labels Valid Item and Component Labels LSELType, Item, Comp, VMIN, VMAX, VINC, KSWP Item Comp Description LINE Line number. EXT Line numbers on exterior of selected area (ignore remaining fields). LOC X,Y,Z X,Y, or Z center location in the active coordinate system. TAN1 X,Y,Z Unit vector component of outward tangent at beginning of line. TAN2 X,Y,Z Unit vector component of outward tangent at end of line. NDIV Number of divisions within the line. SPACE Spacing ratio of line divisions. MAT TYPE REAL ESYS SEC LENGTH RADIUS HPT LCCA Material number associated with the line. Element type number associated with the line. Real constant set number associated with the line. Element coordinate system associated with the line. Cross section ID number. [SECNUM] Length of the line. Radius of the line. Line number (selects only lines with associated hard points). Concatenated lines (selects only lines that were created by concatenation [LCCAT]).
Menu Paths
Prev LSDELE Prev LSLA L Commands
Next LSLA Next
LSLA
Name
LSLA, Type Selects those lines contained in the selected areas. group: DATABASE:Selecting
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Type
Label identifying the type of line select: S -Select a new set (default). R -Reselect a set from the current set. A -Additionally select a set and extend the current set. U -Unselect a set from the current set.
Notes
Menu Paths
Prev LSEL Prev LSLK L Commands
Next LSLK Next
LSLK
Name
LSLK, Type, LSKEY Selects those lines containing the selected keypoints. group: DATABASE:Selecting product: MP ME ST DY PR EM FL PP ED
L Commands
Type
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Label identifying the type of line select: S -Select a new set (default). R -Reselect a set from the current set. A -Additionally select a set and extend the current set. U -Unselect a set from the current set.
LSKEY
Specifies whether all contained line keypoints must be selected [KSEL]: 0 -Select line if any of its keypoints are in the selected keypoint set. 1 -Select line only if all of its keypoints are in the selected keypoint set.
Notes
Menu Paths
Prev LSLA Prev LSOPER L Commands
Next LSOPER Next
LSOPER
Name
LSOPER Specifies "Load step operations" as the subsequent status topic. file://D:\Documents%20and%20Settings\Administrator\Local%20Settings\Temp\~hh... 20.05.2004
L Commands group: SOLUTION:Status product: MP ME ST DY PR EM FL PP ED
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Notes
Menu Paths
Utility Menu>List>Status>Solution>Load Step Operations
Prev LSLK Prev /LSPEC L Commands
Next /LSPEC Next
/LSPEC
Name
/LSPEC, LCOLOR, LINSTL, XLNWID Specifies annotation line attributes (GUI). group: GRAPHICS:Annotation product: MP ME ST DY PR EM FL PP ED
LCOLOR
Line color: 0 -Black 1 -Red-Magenta 2 --
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L Commands Magenta 3 -Blue-Magenta 4 -Blue 5 -Cyan-Blue 6 -Cyan 7 -Green-Cyan 8 -Green 9 -Yellow-Green 10 -Yellow 11 -Orange 12 -Red 13 -Dark Gray 14 -Light Gray 15 -White
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L Commands
LINSTL
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Line style: 0 -Solid line. 1 -Dashed line.

XLNWID
Line width multiplier (1.0 to 20.0). Defaults to 1.0.
Notes
Specifies annotation line attributes to control certain characteristics of the lines created via the /LINE, /LARC, /LSYMBOL, /POLYGON , /PMORE, /PCIRCLE and /PWEDGE commands. This is a command generated by the Graphical User Interface (GUI) and will appear in the log file ( Jobname.LOG) if annotation is used. This command is not intended to be typed in directly in an ANSYS session (although it can be included in an input file for batch input or for use with the /INPUT command). This command is valid in any processor.
Menu Paths
Prev LSOPER Prev LSREAD L Commands
Next LSREAD Next
LSREAD
Name
LSREAD, LSNUM Reads load and load step option data into the database. group: SOLUTION:Load Step Operations product: MP ME ST PR EM FL PP ED
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L Commands
LSNUM
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Identification number of the load step file to be read. Defaults to 1 + highest number read in the current session. Issue LSREAD,STAT to list the current value of LSNUM. Issue LSREAD,INIT to reset LSNUM to 1. The load step files are assumed to be named Jobname.Sn, where n is a number assigned by the LSWRITE command (01--09,10,11, etc.). On systems with a 3-character limit on the extension, the "S" is dropped for LSNUM > 99.
Notes
Reads load and load step option data from the load step file into the database. LSREAD will not clear the database of all current loads. However, if a load is respecified with LSREAD, then it will overwrite the existing load. See the LSWRITE command to write load step files, and the LSDELE command to delete load step files. LSREAD removes any existing SFGRAD specification. This command is also valid in PREP7.
Menu Paths
Main Menu>Preprocessor>Loads>Read LS File Main Menu>Solution>Read LS File
Prev /LSPEC Prev LSSCALE L Commands
Next LSSCALE Next
LSSCALE
Name
LSSCALE, NL1, NL2, NINC, RX, RY, RZ, KINC, NOELEM, IMOVE Generates a scaled set of lines from a pattern of lines. group: PREP7:Lines product: MP ME ST DY PR EM FL PP ED
NL1, NL2, NINC
Set of lines (NL1 to NL2 in steps of NINC) that defines the pattern to be scaled. NL2 defaults to NL1, NINC defaults to 1. If NL1 = ALL, NL2 and NINC are ignored and the pattern is defined by all selected lines. If NL1 = P, graphical picking is enabled and all remaining command fields are ignored (valid only in the GUI). A component name may also be substituted for NL1 (NL2 and NINC are ignored). file://D:\Documents%20and%20Settings\Administrator\Local%20Settings\Temp\~hh... 20.05.2004
L Commands
RX, RY, RZ
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Scale factors to be applied to the X, Y, Z keypoint coordinates in active coordinate system (RR, R , RZ for cylindrical; RR, R , R for spherical). Note that the R and R scale factors are interpreted as angular offsets. For example, for CSYS,1, RR,R ,RZ input of (1.5,10,3) would scale the specified keypoints 1.5 times in the radial and 3 times in the Z direction, while adding an offset of 10 degrees to the keypoints. Zero, blank, or negative scale factor values are assumed to be 1.0. Zero or blank angular offsets have no effect.
KINC
NOELEM
Specifies whether nodes and elements are also to be generated: 0 -Nodes and line elements associated with the original lines will be generated (scaled) if they exist. 1 -Nodes and line elements will not be generated.
IMOVE
Specifies whether lines will be moved or newly defined: 0 -Additional lines will be generated. 1 -Original lines will be moved to new position ( KINC and NOELEM are ignored). Use only if the old lines are no longer needed at their original positions. Corresponding meshed items are also moved if not needed at their original position.
Notes
Generates a scaled set of lines (and their corresponding keypoints and mesh) from a pattern of lines. The MAT, TYPE, REAL, and ESYS attributes are based on the lines in the pattern and not the current settings. Scaling is done in the active coordinate system. Lines in the pattern could have been generated in any coordinate system.
Menu Paths
Main Menu>Preprocessor>Operate>Scale>Lines
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L Commands LSREAD Prev LSSOLVE L Commands
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LSSOLVE
Name
LSSOLVE, LSMIN, LSMAX, LSINC Reads and solves multiple load steps. group: SOLUTION:Load Step Operations product: MP ME ST PR EM FL ED
LSMIN, LSMAX, LSINC
Range of load step files to be read and solved, from LSMIN to LSMAX in steps of LSINC. LSMAX defaults to LSMIN, and LSINC defaults to 1. If LSMIN is blank, a brief command description is displayed. The load step files are assumed to be named Jobname.Sn, where n is a number assigned by the LSWRITE command (01--09,10,11, etc.). On systems with a 3-character limit on the extension, the "S" is dropped for numbers > 99.
Notes
LSSOLVE invokes an ANSYS macro to read and solve multiple load steps. The macro loops through a series of load step files written by the LSWRITE command. The macro file called by LSSOLVE is called LSSOLVE.MAC. LSSOLVE cannot be used with the birth-death option. LSSOLVE does not support restarts.
Menu Paths
Main Menu>Solution>From LS Files
Prev LSSCALE Prev LSTR L Commands
Next LSTR Next
LSTR
L Commands
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Name
LSTR, P1, P2 Defines a straight line irrespective of the active coordinate system. group: PREP7:Lines product: MP ME ST DY PR EM FL PP ED
P1
Keypoint at the beginning of line. If P1 = P, graphical picking is enabled and all remaining command fields are ignored (valid only in the GUI)
P2
Keypoint at the end of line.
Notes
Defines a straight line from P1 to P2 using the global Cartesian coordinate system. The active coordinate system will be ignored. The line shape is invariant with the coordinate system after it is generated. Lines may be redefined only if not yet attached to an area.
Menu Paths
Main Menu>Preprocessor>Create>Lines>Straight Line
Prev LSSOLVE Prev LSUM L Commands
Next LSUM Next
LSUM
Name
LSUM Calculates and prints geometry statistics of the selected lines. group: PREP7:Lines product: MP ME ST DY PR EM FL PP ED
Notes
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Calculates and prints geometry statistics (length, centroid, moments of inertia, etc.) associated with the selected lines. Geometry items are reported in the global Cartesian coordinate system. A unit density is assumed, irrespective of any material associations [LATT , MAT]. Items calculated by LSUM and later retrieved by a *GET or *VGET command are valid only if the model is not modified after the LSUM command is issued.
Menu Paths
Main Menu>Preprocessor>Operate>Calc Geom Items>Of Lines
Prev LSTR Prev LSWRITE L Commands
Next LSWRITE Next
LSWRITE
Name
LSWRITE, LSNUM Writes load and load step option data to a file. group: SOLUTION:Load Step Operations product: MP ME ST PR EM FL PP ED
LSNUM
Number to be assigned to the load step file name for identification purposes. Defaults to 1 + highest LSNUM used in the current session. Issue LSWRITE,STAT to list the current value of LSNUM. Issue LSWRITE,INIT to reset to 1. The load step file will be named Jobname.Sn, where n is the specified LSNUM value (preceded by "0" for values 1-9). On systems with a 3character limit on the file name extension, the "S" is dropped for LSNUM > 99.
Command Default
The default behavior of LSWRITE is dependent on the SOLCONTROL command. When solution control is on (default behavior), the LSWRITE command does NOT write the default values for commands affected by solution control. When solution control is off (SOLCONTROL,OFF), LSWRITE does write the default values for commands affected by solution control. See SOLCONTROL for a list of those commands.
Notes
Writes all load and load step option data for the selected model to a load step file for later use. LSWRITE does not capture changes made to real constants (R) or material properties (MP). Solid
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model loads will not be saved if the model is not meshed. Solid model loads, if any, are transferred to the finite element model. Issue LSCLEAR,FE to delete finite element loads. One file is written for each load step. Use the LSREAD command to read a single load step file, and the LSDELE command to delete load step files. Use the LSSOLVE command to read and solve the load steps sequentially. LSWRITE cannot be used with the birth-death option. This command is also valid in PREP7.
Menu Paths
Main Menu>Preprocessor>Loads>Write LS File Main Menu>Solution>Write LS File
Prev LSUM Prev /LSYMBOL L Commands
Next /LSYMBOL Next
/LSYMBOL
Name
/LSYMBOL, X, Y, SYMANG, SYMTYP, SYMSIZ, KEYBMP Creates annotation symbols (GUI). group: GRAPHICS:Annotation product: MP ME ST DY PR EM FL PP ED
X
X location for symbol (-1.0 < X < 2.0).

Y
Y location for symbol (-1.0 < Y < 1.0).

SYMANG
Symbol orientation angle.

SYMTYP
Symbol type:
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L Commands 1 -Arrow. 2 -Tee. 3 -Circle. 4 -Triangle. 5 -Star.

SYMSIZ
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Symbol size multiplier (0.1 to 20.0). Defaults to 1.0.

KEYBMP
If KEYBMP = 1, the annotation is a bitmap. SYMTYP will then be a number from 1-99, indicating the bitmap type (see notes), and X and Y will define the lower left corner of the bitmap. The SYMANG, SYMSIZarguments are ignored. If KEYBMP = 0, or blank, then the argument definitions above apply.
Notes
Defines annotation symbols to be written directly onto the display at a specified location. This is a command generated by the GUI and will appear in the log file ( Jobname.LOG) if annotation is used. This command is not intended to be typed in directly in an ANSYS session (although it can be included in an input file for batch input or for use with the /INPUT command). All symbols are shown on subsequent displays unless the annotation is turned off or deleted. Use the /LSPEC command to set the attributes of the symbol. The KEYBMP argument reads the symtype argument to determine which bitmap to insert. This bitmap is defined by an integer between 1 and 99. Numbers 1 through 40 correspond to the standard texture values found in the /TXTRE command, while numbers 51 through 99 correspond to user supplied bitmaps, as defined using the Filename option of the /TXTRE command. Numbers 51 through 57 are predefined (the logos, clamps and arrows available from the GUI) but can be overridden. Numbers 41 through 50 are reserved. This command is valid in any processor.
Menu Paths
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L Commands Utility Menu>PlotCtrls>Annotation>Create Annotation
Page 100 of 107
Prev LSWRITE Prev LSYMM L Commands
Next LSYMM Next
LSYMM
Name
LSYMM, Ncomp, NL1, NL2, NINC, KINC, NOELEM, IMOVE Generates lines from a line pattern by symmetry reflection. group: PREP7:Lines product: MP ME ST DY PR EM FL PP ED
Ncomp
Symmetry key: X -X symmetry (default). Y -Y symmetry. Z -Z symmetry.

NL1, NL2, NINC
Reflect lines from pattern beginning with NL1 to NL2 (defaults to NL1) in steps of NINC (defaults to 1). If NL1 = ALL, NL2 and NINC are ignored and pattern is all selected lines [LSEL]. If NL1 = P, graphical picking is enabled and all remaining command fields are ignored (valid only in the GUI). A component name may also be substituted for NL1 ( NL2 and NINC are ignored).
KINC
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NOELEM
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Specifies whether nodes and elements are also to be generated: 0 -Generate nodes and elements associated with the original lines, if they exist. 1 -Do not generate nodes and elements.
IMOVE
Specifies whether areas will be moved or newly defined: 0 -Generate additional lines. 1 -Move original lines to new position retaining the same keypoint numbers ( KINC and NOELEM are ignored). Valid only if the old lines are no longer needed at their original positions. Corresponding meshed items are also moved if not needed at their original position.
Notes
Generates a reflected set of lines (and their corresponding keypoints and mesh) from a given line pattern by a symmetry reflection (see analogous node symmetry command, NSYM). The MAT, TYPE, REAL, and ESYS attributes are based upon the lines in the pattern and not upon the current settings. Reflection is done in the active coordinate system by changing a particular coordinate sign. The active coordinate system must be Cartesian. Lines in the pattern may have been generated in any coordinate system. However, solid modeling in a toroidal coordinate system is not recommended. Lines are generated as described in the LGEN command.
Menu Paths
Main Menu>Preprocessor>Reflect>Lines
Prev /LSYMBOL Prev LTAN L Commands
Next LTAN Next
LTAN
Name
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LTAN, NL1, P3, XV3 , YV3, ZV3 Generates a line at the end of, and tangent to, an existing line. group: PREP7:Lines product: MP ME ST DY PR EM FL PP ED
NL1
Number of the line the generated line is tangent to. If negative, assume P1 (see below), instead of P2, is the second keypoint of line NL1. If NL1 = P, graphical picking is enabled and all remaining command fields are ignored (valid only in the GUI).
P3
Keypoint at which generated line must end. The following fields are used only if a specified slope on the end of the new line is desired, otherwise a zero curvature end slope will be automatically calculated. To specify the end slope, use the following fields to define a "slope vector" that has its tail at the origin and its head at the point XV,YV,ZV in the active coordinate system [CSYS]. The corresponding end slope of the line will then be parallel to this "slope vector."
XV3, YV3, ZV3
Location (in the active coordinate system) of the head of the "slope vector" corresponding to the slope at the P3 end of the line. The tail of the vector is at the coordinate system origin.
Notes
Generates a line (P2- P3) tangent at end point (P2) of line NL1 (P1-P2).
Menu Paths
Main Menu>Preprocessor>Create>Lines>Tangent to Line
Prev LSYMM Prev LTRAN L Commands
Next LTRAN Next
LTRAN
Name
LTRAN, KCNTO, NL1, NL2, NINC, KINC, NOELEM, IMOVE Transfers a pattern of lines to another
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L Commands coordinate system. group: PREP7:Lines product: MP ME ST DY PR EM FL PP ED
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KCNTO
NL1, NL2, NINC
Transfer lines from pattern beginning with NL1 to NL2 (defaults to NL1) in steps of NINC (defaults to 1). If NL1 = ALL, NL2 and NINC are ignored and pattern is all selected lines [LSEL]. If NL1 = P, graphical picking is enabled and all remaining command fields are ignored (valid only in the GUI). A component name may also be substituted for NL1 ( NL2 and NINC are ignored).
KINC
NOELEM
Specifies whether nodes and elements are also to be generated: 0 -Generate nodes and elements associated with the original lines, if they exist. 1 -Do not generate nodes and elements.
IMOVE
Specifies whether lines will be moved or newly defined: 0 -Generate additional lines. 1 -Move original lines to new position retaining the same keypoint numbers ( KINC and NOELM are ignored). Valid only if the old lines are no longer needed at their original positions. Corresponding meshed items are also moved if not needed at their original position.
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Notes
Transfers a pattern of lines (and their corresponding keypoints and mesh) from one coordinate system to another (see analogous node transfer command, TRANSFER). The MAT, TYPE, REAL, and ESYS attributes are based upon the lines in the pattern and not upon the current settings. Coordinate systems may be translated and rotated relative to each other. Initial pattern may be generated in any coordinate system. However, solid modeling in a toroidal coordinate system is not recommended. Coordinate and slope values are interpreted in the active coordinate system and are transferred directly. Lines are generated as described in the LGEN command.
Menu Paths
Main Menu>Preprocessor>Move / Modify>Transfer Coord>Lines
Prev LTAN Prev LUMPM L Commands
Next LUMPM Next
LUMPM
Name
LUMPM, Key Specifies a lumped mass matrix formulation. group: SOLUTION:Analysis Options product: MP ME ST PR PP ED
Key
Formulation key: OFF -Use the element-dependent default mass matrix formulation (default). ON -Use a lumped mass approximation.
Command Default
Use the default element mass matrix.
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Notes
This command is also valid in PREP7. If used in SOLUTION, this command is valid only within the first load step.
Menu Paths
Main Menu>Preprocessor>Loads>New Analysis Main Menu>Preprocessor>Loads>Analysis Options Main Menu>Solution>New Analysis Main Menu>Solution>Analysis Options
Prev LTRAN Prev LVSCALE L Commands
Next LVSCALE Next
LVSCALE
Name
LVSCALE , FACT Scales the load vector for mode superposition analyses. group: SOLUTION:Dynamic Options product: MP ME ST PR PP ED
FACT
Scale factor applied to load vector. Defaults to 0.0.
Command Default
No load vector is applied.
Notes
Specifies the scale factor for the load vector that was created in a modal (ANTYPE,MODAL) analysis. Applies only to the mode superposition transient (ANTYPE,TRANS), mode superposition harmonic response (ANTYPE,HARMIC), and PSD spectrum (pressure PSD) analyses. This command is also valid in PREP7.
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Menu Paths
Main Menu>Preprocessor>Loads>Apply>Load Vector>For Mode Super Main Menu>Preprocessor>Loads>Apply>Load Vector>For PSD Main Menu>Preprocessor>Loads>Delete>Load Vector>For Mode Super Main Menu>Preprocessor>Loads>Delete>Load Vector>For PSD Main Menu>Solution>Apply>Load Vector>For Mode Super Main Menu>Solution>Apply>Load Vector>For PSD Main Menu>Solution>Delete>Load Vector>For Mode Super Main Menu>Solution>Delete>Load Vector>For PSD
Prev LUMPM Prev LWPLAN L Commands
Next LWPLAN Next
LWPLAN
Name
LWPLAN, WN, NL1, RATIO Defines the working plane normal to a location on a line. group: DATABASE:Working Plane product: MP ME ST DY PR EM FL PP ED
WN
Window number whose viewing direction will be modified to be normal to the working plane (defaults to 1). If WN is a negative value, the viewing direction will not be modified.
NL1
Number of line to be used. If NL1 = P, graphical picking is enabled and all remaining command fields are ignored (valid only in the GUI).
RATIO
Location on NL1, specified as a ratio of the line length. Must be between 0.0 and 1.0. If RATIO = P, use graphical picking to specify location on the line.
Command Default
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Notes
Defines a working plane (to assist in picking operations) normal to a location on a line. See WPSTYL command to set the style of working plane display. This command is valid in any processor.
Menu Paths
Utility Menu>WorkPlane>Align WP with>Plane Normal to Line
Prev LVSCALE
Next M Commands
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M Commands M Commands ANSYS Commands Reference
Page 1 of 96
Prev
Next
M Commands
Table of Contents M MAGOPT MAGSOLV MASTER MAT MATER MCHECK MDAMP MDELE MEMM /MENU MESHING *MFOURI *MFUN MGEN MITER MLIST MMF MODE MODIFY MODMSH MODOPT MONITOR *MOONEY *MOPER MOPT MOVE MP MPAMOD MPCHG MPCOPY MPDATA MPDELE MPDRES /MPLIB MPLIST MPPLOT MPREAD MPRINT MPTEMP MPTGEN MPTRES MPWRITE
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M Commands /MREP MSADV MSAVE MSCAP MSDATA *MSG MSHAPE MSHCOPY MSHKEY MSHMID MSHPATTERN MSMETH MSMIR MSNOMF MSPROP MSQUAD MSRELAX MSSOLU MSSPEC /MSTART MSTERM MSVARY *MWRITE MXPAND
Page 2 of 96
Prev LWPLAN Prev M M Commands
Next M Next
M
Name
M, NODE, Lab1, NEND, NINC, Lab2, Lab3, Lab4, Lab5, Lab6 Defines master degrees of freedom for reduced analyses. group: SOLUTION:Master DOF product: MP ME ST PR PP ED
NODE
Node number at which master degree of freedom is defined. If ALL, define master degrees of freedom at all selected nodes [NSEL]. If NODE = P, graphical picking is enabled and all remaining command fields are ignored (valid only in the GUI). A component name may also be substituted for NODE.
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M Commands
Lab1
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Master degree of freedom direction (in the nodal coordinate system). If ALL, use all appropriate labels. Valid labels are: UX, UY, UZ, ROTX, ROTY, and ROTZ. The ALL label should not be used except for convenience with the substructure generation (i.e., if all degrees of freedom are to be made MDOF at the substructure connection points). ALL includes all valid labels as determined by the element types defined [ET]. Scalar MDOF (VOLT) are not permitted in structural analyses if mass or damping matrices are reduced.
NEND, NINC
Define all nodes from NODE to NEND (defaults to NODE) in steps of NINC (defaults to 1) as master degrees of freedom in the specified direction.
Additional master degree of freedom labels. The nodes defined are associated with each label specified.
Notes
Defines master degrees of freedom (MDOF) for reduced (dynamic and superelement generation) analyses. If defined for other analyses, MDOF are ignored. If used in SOLUTION, this command is valid only within the first load step. Repeat M command for additional master degrees of freedom. Limit is equal to the maximum inmemory wavefront size (see the ANSYS Basic Analysis Guide). The reduced modal (ANTYPE,MODAL), reduced transient (ANTYPE,TRANS), reduced harmonic response (ANTYPE,HARMIC), and the substructure (ANTYPE,SUBSTR) analyses utilize the matrix condensation technique to reduce the structure matrices to those characterized by a set of master degrees of freedom. Master degrees of freedom are identified by a list of nodes and their nodal directions. The actual degree of freedom directions available for a particular node depends upon the degrees of freedom associated with element types [ET] at that node. For example, degrees of freedom available with BEAM3 elements are UX, UY, and ROTZ only. There must be some mass (or stress stiffening in the case of the buckling analysis) associated with each master degree of freedom (except for the VOLT label). The mass may be due either to the distributed mass of the element or due to discrete lumped masses at the node. If a master degree of freedom is specified at a constrained point, it is ignored. If a master degree of freedom is specified at a coupled node, it should be specified at the prime node of the coupled set. Master degrees of freedom can also be generated automatically (during solution) by issuing the TOTAL command in PREP7 or SOLUTION. Transient displacements and forces, used to apply motion to a structure in the reduced transient or reduced harmonic response analysis, must be applied at a master degree of freedom. Substructure analysis connection points must be defined as master degrees of freedom. This command is also valid in PREP7.
Menu Paths
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M Commands Main Menu>Preprocessor>Loads>Master DOFs>Define Main Menu>Solution>Master DOFs>Define
Page 4 of 96
Prev M Commands Prev MAGOPT M Commands
Next MAGOPT Next
MAGOPT
Name
MAGOPT, VALUE Specifies options for a 3-D magnetostatic field analysis. group: SOLUTION:Load Step Options product: MP ME ST EM PP ED
VALUE
Option key: 0 -Calculate a complete H field solution in the entire domain using a single (reduced) potential. Caution--when used in problems with both current sources and iron regions, errors may result due to numerical cancellation. 1 -Calculate and store a preliminary H field in "iron" regions ( r 1). Requires fluxparallel boundary conditions to be specified on exterior iron boundaries. Used in conjunction with subsequent solutions with VALUE = 2 followed by VALUE = 3. Applicable to multiply-connected iron domain problems. 2 -Calculate and store a preliminary H field in "air" regions ( r = 1). The air-iron interface is appropriately treated internally by the program. Used in conjunction with a subsequent solution with VALUE = 3. Applicable to singly-connected iron domain problems (with subsequent solution with VALUE = 3) or to multiply-connected iron domain problems (when preceded by a solution with VALUE = 1 and followed by a solution with VALUE = 3). 3 --
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Use the previously stored H field solution(s) and calculate the complete H field.
Notes
Specifies the solution sequence options for a 3-D magnetostatic field analysis using a scalar potential (MAG). The solution sequence is determined by the nature of the problem. This command is also valid in PREP7.
Menu Paths
Main Menu>Preprocessor>Loads>Magnetics>DSP Method Main Menu>Preprocessor>Loads>Magnetics>GSP Method Main Menu>Preprocessor>Loads>Magnetics>RSP Method Main Menu>Solution>Magnetics>DSP Method Main Menu>Solution>Magnetics>GSP Method Main Menu>Solution>Magnetics>RSP Method
Prev M Prev MAGSOLV M Commands
Next MAGSOLV Next
MAGSOLV
Name
MAGSOLV, OPT, NRAMP, CNVCSG, CNVFLUX, NEQIT, BIOT Specifies magnetic solution options and initiates the solution. group: SOLUTION:Load Step Options product: MP ME ST EM PP ED
OPT
Static magnetic solution option: 0 -Vector potential (MVP) or edge formulation (default). 1 -Combined vector potential and reduced scalar potential (MVP -RSP).
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M Commands 2 -Reduced scalar potential (RSP). 3 -Difference scalar potential (DSP). 4 -General scalar potential (GSP).
NRAMP
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Number of ramped substeps for the first load step of a nonlinear MVP or MVP-RSP solution. Defaults to 3. If NRAMP = -1, ignore the ramped load step entirely.NRAMP is ignored for linear magnetostatics.
CNVCSG
Tolerance value on the program-calculated reference value for the magnetic current-segment convergence. Used for the MVP, the MVP -RSP, and the edge formulation solution options (OPT = 0 and 1). Defaults to 0.001.
CNVFLUX
Tolerance value on the program-calculated reference value for the magnetic flux convergence. Used for all scalar potential solution options ( OPT = 2, 3, 4). Defaults to 0.001.
NEQIT
Maximum number of equilibrium iterations per load step. Defaults to 25.

BIOT
Option to force execution of a Biot-Savart integral solution [BIOT,NEW] for the scalar potential options. Required if multiple load steps are being performed with different current source primitives (SOURC36 elements). 0 -Do not force execution of Biot-Savart calculation (default); Biot -Savart is automatically calculated only for the first solution. 1 -Force execution of Biot-Savart calculation.
Notes
MAGSOLV invokes an ANSYS macro which specifies magnetic solution options and initiates the solution. The macro is applicable to any ANSYS magnetostatic analysis using the magnetic vector potential (MVP), reduced scalar potential (RSP), difference scalar potential (DSP), general scalar
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potential (GSP), or combined MVP-RSP formulation options. Results are only stored for the final converged solution. (In POST1, issue *SET,LIST to identify the load step of solution results.) The macro internally determines if a nonlinear analysis is required based on magnetic material properties. If you use the BIOT option and issue SAVE after solution or postprocessing, the Biot-Savart calculations are saved to the database, but will be overwritten upon normal exit from the program. To save this data after issuing SAVE, use the /EXIT ,NOSAVE command. You can also issue the /EXIT,SOLU command to exit ANSYS and save all solution data, including the Biot-Savart calculations, in the database. Otherwise, when you issue RESUME, the Biot -Savart calculation will be lost (resulting in a zero solution). The MVP, MVP-RSP, and edge formulation options perform a two-load-step solution sequence. The first load step ramps the applied loads over a prescribed number of substeps ( NRAMP), and the second load step calculates the converged solution. For linear problems, only a single load step solution is performed. The ramped load step can be bypassed by setting NRAMP to -1. The RSP option solves in a single load step using the adaptive descent procedure. The DSP option uses two load steps, and the RSP solution uses three load steps. The following analysis options and nonlinear options are controlled by this macro: KBC, NEQIT , NSUBST, CNVTOL , NROPT, MAGOPT, OUTRES .
Menu Paths
Main Menu>Solution>Electromagnet>Opt&Solv
Prev MAGOPT Prev MASTER M Commands
Next MASTER Next
MASTER
Name
MASTER Specifies "Master DOF" as the subsequent status topic. group: SOLUTION:Status product: MP ME ST DY PR EM FL PP ED
Notes
This is a status [STAT] topic command. Status topic commands are generated by the GUI and will appear in the log file ( Jobname.LOG) if status is requested for some items under Utility Menu>List>Status. This command will be immediately followed by a STAT command, which will report the status for the specified topic.
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If entered directly into the program, the STAT command should immediately follow this command.
Menu Paths
Utility Menu>List>Status>Solution>Master DOF
Prev MAGSOLV Prev MAT M Commands
Next MAT Next
MAT
Name
MAT, MAT Sets the element material attribute pointer. group: PREP7:Meshing PREP7:Elements product: MP ME ST DY PR EM FL PP ED
MAT
Assign this material number to subsequently defined elements (defaults to 1).
Command Default
MAT
= 1.
Notes
Identifies the material number to be assigned to subsequently defined elements. This number refers to the material number ( MAT) defined with the material properties [MP]. Material numbers may be displayed [/PNUM].
Menu Paths
Prev MASTER
Next MATER
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Prev
Next
MATER
Name
MATER Specifies "Material properties" as the subsequent status topic. group: PREP7:Status product: MP ME ST DY PR EM FL PP ED
Notes
Menu Paths
Utility Menu>List>Status>Preprocessor>Materials
Prev MAT Prev MCHECK M Commands
Next MCHECK Next
MCHECK
Name
MCHECK, Lab Checks mesh connectivity. group: PREP7:Meshing product: MP ME ST DY PR EM FL PP ED
Lab
20.05.2004
M Commands Operation: ESEL -Unselects the valid elements.
Page 10 of 96
Notes
Wherever two area or volume elements share a common face, MCHECK verifies that the way the elements are connected to the face is consistent with their relative normals or integrated volumes. (This may detect folds or otherwise overlapping elements.) MCHECK verifies that the element exterior faces form simply-connected closed surfaces. (This may detect unintended cracks in a mesh.) MCHECK warns if the number of element facets in a 2-D loop or 3-D shell is not greater than a computed limit. This limit is the smaller of either three times the number of faces on one element, or one-tenth the total number of element faces in the model. (This may detect holes in the middle of a mesh.) The MCHECK command will perform a number of validity checks on the selected elements, including 1. Normal check: Wherever two area elements share a common edge, MCHECK verifies that the ordering of the nodes on each element is consistent with their relative normals. 2. Volume check: Wherever two volume elements share a common face, MCHECK verifies that the sign of the integrated volume of each element is consistent. 3. Closed surface check: MCHECK verifies that the element exterior faces form simply-connected closed surfaces (this may detect unintended cracks in a mesh). 4. Check for holes in the mesh: MCHECK warns if the number of element faces surrounding an interior void in the mesh is small enough to suggest one or more accidentally omitted elements, rather than a deliberately formed hole. For this test, the number of faces around the void is compared to the smaller of a) three times the number of faces on one element, or b) one-tenth the total number of element faces in the model.
Menu Paths
Main Menu>Preprocessor>Check Mesh>Ck Connectvty Main Menu>Preprocessor>Check Mesh>Sel Bad Connt
Prev MATER Prev MDAMP M Commands
Next MDAMP Next
MDAMP
Name
M Commands
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MDAMP, STLOC, V1, V2, V3, V4, V5, V6 Defines the damping ratios as a function of mode. group: SOLUTION:Dynamic Options product: MP ME ST PR PP ED
STLOC
Starting location in table for entering data. For example, if STLOC = 1, data input in the V1 field applies to the first constant in the table. If STLOC = 7, data input in the V1 field applies to the seventh constant in the table, etc. Defaults to the last location filled + 1.
V1, V2, V3, V4, V5, V6
Data assigned to six locations starting with STLOC. If a value is already in this location, it will be redefined. Blank values for V2 to V6 leave the corresponding previous value unchanged.
Notes
Defines the damping ratios as a function of mode. Table position corresponds to mode number. Ratios not defined default to DMPRAT. Use STAT command to list current values. Applies to the mode superposition harmonic response (ANTYPE,HARMIC), the mode superposition linear transient dynamic (ANTYPE,TRANS), and the spectrum (ANTYPE,SPECTR) analyses. Repeat MDAMP command for additional constants (300 maximum). This command is also valid in PREP7.
Menu Paths
Main Menu>Preprocessor>Loads>Time/Frequenc>Damping Main Menu>Solution>Time/Frequenc>Damping
Prev MCHECK Prev MDELE M Commands
Next MDELE Next
MDELE
Name
MDELE, NODE, Lab1, NEND, NINC, Lab2, Lab3, Lab4, Lab5, Lab6 Deletes master degrees of freedom. group: SOLUTION:Master DOF file://D:\Documents%20and%20Settings\Administrator\Local%20Settings\Temp\~hh... 20.05.2004
M Commands product: MP ME ST PR PP ED
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NODE, Lab1, NEND, NINC
Delete master degrees of freedom in the Lab1 direction [M] from NODE to NEND (defaults to NODE) in steps of NINC (defaults to 1). If NODE = ALL, NEND and NINC are ignored and masters for all selected nodes [NSEL] are deleted. If Lab1 = ALL, all label directions will be deleted. If NODE = P, graphical picking is enabled and all remaining command fields are ignored (valid only in the GUI). A component name may also be substituted for NODE.
Delete masters in these additional directions.
Notes
Deletes master degrees of freedom. If used in SOLUTION, this command is valid only within the first load step. This command is also valid in PREP7.
Menu Paths
Main Menu>Preprocessor>Loads>Master DOFs>Delete Main Menu>Solution>Master DOFs>Delete
Prev MDAMP Prev MEMM M Commands
Next MEMM Next
MEMM
Name
MEMM, Lab, Kywrd Allows the current session to keep allocated memory group: SESSION:Run Controls product: MP ME ST DY PR EM FL PP ED
Lab
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M Commands
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When Lab = KEEP, the memory manager's ability to acquire and keep memory is controlled by Kywrd
Kywrd
Turns the memory keep mode on or off ON -Keep any memory allocated during the analysis. OFF -Use memory dynamically and free it up to other users after use (default).
Command Default
Kywrd
= OFF.
Notes
You can use the MEMM command to ensure that memory intensive operations will always have the same memory available when the operations occur intermittently. Normally, if a large amount of memory is allocated for a specific operation, it will be returned to the system once the operation is finished. This option always maintains the highest level used during the analysis until the analysis is finished. The MEMM command does not affect the value you specify with the -m switch. When you allocate memory with the -m switch, that amount will always be available. However, if dynamic memory allocation in excess of the-m value occurs, you can use the MEMM command to ensure that amount is retained until the end of your analysis.
Menu Paths
Prev MDELE Prev /MENU M Commands
Next /MENU Next
/MENU
Name
/MENU, Key Activates the Graphical User Interface (GUI). group: SESSION:Run Controls
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M Commands product: MP ME ST DY PR EM FL PP ED
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Key
Activation key: ON -Activates the menu system (device dependent). GRPH -Enters non-GUI graphics mode. This option is intended for use on graphics devices that do not support the full Motif-based GUI.
Command Default
GUI is on if entering the ANSYS program through the launcher. GUI is off if entering using the ANSYS execution command.
Notes
Activates the Graphical User Interface (GUI). Caution: if you include the /MENU,ON command in your START5x.ANS file, it should be the last command in the file. Any commands after /MENU ,ON may be ignored. (It is not necessary to include the /SHOW and /MENU ,ON commands in start60.ans if you will be using the launcher to enter the ANSYS program.) This command is valid in any processor.
Menu Paths
Prev MEMM Prev MESHING M Commands
Next MESHING Next
MESHING
Name
MESHING Specifies "Meshing" as the subsequent status topic. group: PREP7:Status
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Notes
Menu Paths
Utility Menu>List>Status>Preprocessor>Meshing
Prev /MENU Prev *MFOURI M Commands
Next *MFOURI Next
*MFOURI
Name
*MFOURI, Oper, COEFF, MODE, ISYM, THETA, CURVE Calculates the coefficients for, or evaluates, a Fourier series. group: APDL:Array Parameters product: MP ME ST DY PR EM FL PP ED
Oper
Type of Fourier operation: FIT -Calculate Fourier coefficients COEFF from MODE, ISYM, THETA, and CURVE. EVAL -Evaluate the Fourier curve CURVE from COEFF, MODE, ISYM andTHETA
COEFF
Name of the array parameter vector containing the Fourier coefficients (calculated if Oper =
20.05.2004
M Commands FIT, required as input if Oper = EVAL). See *SET for name restrictions.
MODE
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Name of the array parameter vector containing the mode numbers of the desired Fourier terms.
ISYM
Name of the array parameter vector containing the symmetry key for the corresponding Fourier terms. The vector should contain keys for each term as follows: 0 or 1 -Symmetric (cosine) term -1 -Antisymmetric (sine) term.
THETA, CURVE
Names of the array parameter vectors containing the theta vs. curve description, respectively. Theta values should be input in degrees. If Oper = FIT, one curve value should be supplied with each theta value. If Oper = EVAL, one curve value will be calculated for each theta value.
Notes
Calculates the coefficients of a Fourier series for a given curve, or evaluates the Fourier curve from the given (or previously calculated) coefficients. The lengths of the COEFF, MODE, and ISYM vectors must be the same--typically two times the number of modes desired, since two terms (sine and cosine) are generally required for each mode. The lengths of the CURVE and THETA vectors should be the same or the smaller of the two will be used. There should be a sufficient number of points to adequately define the curve--at least two times the number of coefficients. A starting array element number (1) must be defined for each array parameter vector. The vector specifications *VLEN , *VCOL, *VABS , *VFACT, and *VCUM do not apply to this command. Array elements should not be skipped with the *VMASK and the NINC value of the *VLEN specifications. The vector being calculated ( COEFF if Oper is FIT, or CURVE if Oper is EVAL) must exist as a dimensioned array [*DIM]. This command is valid in any processor.
Menu Paths
Utility Menu>Parameters>Array Operations>Matrix Fourier
Prev MESHING Prev *MFUN M Commands
Next *MFUN Next
20.05.2004
M Commands
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*MFUN
Name
*MFUN, ParR, Func, Par1 Copies or transposes an array parameter matrix. group: APDL:Array Parameters product: MP ME ST DY PR EM FL PP ED
ParR
The name of the resulting array parameter matrix. See *SET for name restrictions. The parameter must exist as a dimensioned array [*DIM].
Func
Copy or transpose function: COPY -Par1
is copied to ParR
TRAN -is transposed to ParR. Rows (m) and columns (n) of Par1 matrix are transposed to resulting ParR matrix of shape (n,m).
Par1 Par1
Array parameter matrix input to the operation.
Notes
Operates on one input array parameter matrix and produces one output array parameter matrix according to:
ParR
= f( Par1)
where the function (f) is either a copy or transpose, as described above. Functions are based on the standard FORTRAN definitions where possible. ParR may be the same as Par1. Starting array element numbers must be defined for each array parameter matrix. For example, *MFUN,A(1,5),COPY,B(2,3) copies matrix B (starting at element (2,3)) to matrix A (starting at element (1,5)). The diagonal corner elements for each submatrix must be defined: the upper left corner by the array starting element (on this command), the lower right corner by the current values from the *VCOL and *VLEN commands. The default values are the (1,1) element and the last element in the matrix. No operations progress across matrix planes (in the 3rd dimension). Absolute values and scale factors may be applied to all parameters [*VABS , *VFACT]. Results may be
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M Commands
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cumulative [*VCUM]. Array elements should not be skipped with the *VMASK and the NINC value of the *VLEN specifications. The number of rows [*VLEN] applies to the Par1 array. See the *VOPER command for details. This command is valid in any processor.
Menu Paths
Utility Menu>Parameters>Array Operations>Matrix Functions
Prev *MFOURI Prev MGEN M Commands
Next MGEN Next
MGEN
Name
MGEN, ITIME, INC, NODE1, NODE2, NINC Generates additional MDOF from a previously defined set. group: SOLUTION:Master DOF product: MP ME ST PR PP ED
ITIME, INC
Do this generation operation a total of ITIMEs, incrementing all nodes in the set by INC each time after the first. ITIME must be > 1 for generation to occur. All previously defined master degree of freedom directions are included in the set. A component name may also be substituted for ITIME.
NODE1, NODE2, NINC
Generate master degrees of freedom from set beginning with NODE1 to NODE2 (defaults to NODE1) in steps of NINC (defaults to 1). If NODE1 = ALL, NODE2 and NINC are ignored and set is all selected nodes [NSEL]. If NODE1 = P, graphical picking is enabled and all remaining command fields are ignored (valid only in the GUI).
Notes
Generates additional master degrees of freedom from a previously defined set. If used in SOLUTION, this command is valid only within the first load step.
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M Commands This command is also valid in PREP7.
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Menu Paths
Main Menu>Preprocessor>Loads>Master DOFs>Copy Main Menu>Solution>Master DOFs>Copy
Prev *MFUN Prev MITER M Commands
Next MITER Next
MITER
Name
MITER, NEL1, NEL2, RAD, NDIV, ESTRT, EINC Defines a mitered bend in a piping run. group: PREP7:Piping product: MP ME ST PR PP ED
NEL1, NEL2
Element numbers of the two intersecting straight pipes. Defaults to the last two straight pipe elements nearest the intersection of the last two runs.
RAD
Bend radius. If LR, use long radius standard (1.5 x OD) (default). If SR, use short radius standard (1.0 x OD).
NDIV
Number of divisions (elements) along bend (defaults to 2). A node is generated at the end of each division.
ESTRT
Number to be assigned to first element of bend (defaults to MAXEL + 1).

EINC
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M Commands
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Notes
Defines a mitered bend of piecewise straight pipe elements (PIPE16) in place of the intersection of two previously defined straight pipe elements [RUN]. This command is similar to the BEND command except that straight pipe elements are used to form the bend instead of curved (elbow) elements.
Menu Paths
Main Menu>Preprocessor>Create>Piping Models>Miter
Prev MGEN Prev MLIST M Commands
Next MLIST Next
MLIST
Name
MLIST , NODE1, NODE2, NINC Lists the MDOF of freedom. group: SOLUTION:Master DOF product: MP ME ST PR PP ED
NODE1, NODE2, NINC
List master degrees of freedom from NODE1 to NODE2 (defaults toNODE1) in steps of NINC (defaults to 1). If NODE1 = ALL (default), NODE2 and NINC are ignored and masters for all selected nodes [NSEL] are listed. If NODE1 = P, graphical picking is enabled and all remaining command fields are ignored (valid only in the GUI). A component name may also be substituted for NODE1 (NODE2 and NINC are ignored).
Notes
Lists the master degrees of freedom. Master degrees of freedom generated from the TOTAL command cannot be listed until after the first load step.
Menu Paths
Main Menu>Preprocessor>Loads>Master DOFs>List All Main Menu>Preprocessor>Loads>Master DOFs>List Picked Main Menu>Solution>Master DOFs>List All file://D:\Documents%20and%20Settings\Administrator\Local%20Settings\Temp\~hh... 20.05.2004
M Commands Main Menu>Solution>Master DOFs>List Picked Utility Menu>List>Other>Master DOF>At All Nodes Utility Menu>List>Other>Master DOF>At Picked Nodes
Page 21 of 96
Prev MITER Prev MMF M Commands
Next MMF Next
MMF
Name
MMF Calculates the magnetomotive force along a path. group: POST1:Magnetics Calculations product: MP ME ST EM PP ED
Notes
MMF invokes an ANSYS macro which calculates the magnetomotive force (mmf) along a predefined path [PATH]. It is valid for both 2-D and 3-D magnetic field analyses. The calculated mmf value is stored in the parameter MMF. A closed path [PATH], passing through the magnetic circuit for which mmf is to be calculated, must be defined before this command is issued. A counter-clockwise ordering of points on the PPATH command will yield the correct sign on the mmf. The mmf is based on Ampere's Law. The macro makes use of calculated values of field intensity (H), and uses path operations for the calculations. All path items are cleared upon completion. The MMF macro sets the "ACCURATE" mapping method and "MAT" discontinuity option of the PMAP command.
Menu Paths
Main Menu>General Postproc>Elec&Mag Calc>MMF
Prev MLIST Prev MODE M Commands
Next MODE Next
MODE
M Commands
Page 22 of 96
Name
MODE, MODE, ISYM Specifies the harmonic loading term for this load step. group: SOLUTION:Load Step Options product: MP ME ST PP ED
MODE
Number of harmonic waves around circumference for this harmonic loading term (defaults to 0).
ISYM
Symmetry condition for this harmonic loading term (not used when MODE = 0): 1 -Symmetric (UX, UY, ROTZ,TEMP use cosine terms; UZ uses sine term)(default). -1 -Antisymmetric (UX, UY, ROTZ, temp use sine terms; UZ uses cosine term).
Command Default
MODE
= 0, ISYM = 1.
Notes
Used with axisymmetric elements having nonaxisymmetric loading capability (e.g., PLANE25, SHELL61, FLUID81, etc.). For analysis types ANTYPE,MODAL, HARMIC, TRANS, and SUBSTR, the term must be defined in the first load step and may not be changed in succeeding load steps. This command is also valid in PREP7.
Menu Paths
Main Menu>Preprocessor>Loads>Other>For Harmonic Ele Main Menu>Solution>Other>For Harmonic Ele
Prev MMF Prev MODIFY M Commands
Next MODIFY Next
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M Commands
Page 23 of 96
MODIFY
Name
MODIFY, SET, LSTEP, ITER, CUMIT, TIME, Ktitle Changes the listed values of the data in a set. group: AUX15:Load Step Options product: MP ME ST PP ED
SET
Set of data in results file to be modified.

LSTEP
The new load step number.

ITER
The new load substep number.

CUMIT
The new cumulative iteration.

TIME
The new time/frequency value.

Ktitle
Indicates if the set title should be modified. 0 Keep the original title. 1 Change the title to the title specified with the most current /TITLE command.
Notes
Use this command to change the listed values in a data set in a results file. Using this command does not change any actual model data; it affects only the values listed in the results file.
20.05.2004
M Commands For example, if you start with the following results file:
SET TIME/FREQ 1 1.0000 first load set 2 2.0000 second load set 3 3.0000 third load set 4 4.0000 fourth load set LOAD STEP 1 SUBSTEP 1 CUMULATIVE 1
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and you then issue the following commands:

/title,modified title for set number 3 modify,3,5,2,5,4.5,1
The modified results file would look like this:

SET TIME/FREQ 1 1.0000 first load set 2 2.0000 second load set LOAD STEP 1 SUBSTEP 1 CUMULATIVE 1
3 4.5000 5 modified title for set number 3 4 4.0000 fourth load set 4
Menu Paths
Main Menu>Preprocessor>Loads>Other>For Harmonic Ele Main Menu>Solution>Other>For Harmonic Ele
Prev MODE Prev MODMSH M Commands
Next MODMSH Next
MODMSH
Name
MODMSH, Lab Controls the relationship of the solid model and the FE model. group: PREP7:Meshing
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Lab
Relationship key: STAT -Gives status of command (default). This applies only to the CHECK option (no status is provided for the DETACH option). NOCHECK -Deactivates the checking of the solid model and the finite element model. Allows elements and nodes generated with the mesh commands to be modified directly (EMODIF, NMODIF, EDELE, NDELE, etc.). Also deactivates solid model hierarchical checking so that areas attached to volumes may be deleted etc. Warning-use of this command allows the solid model data base to be corrupted by subsequent operations. CHECK -Reactivates future checking of the solid model. DETACH -Releases all associativity between the current solid model and finite element model. ANSYS deletes any element attributes that were assigned to the affected solid model entities through default attributes (that is, through the TYPE, REAL , MAT, SECNUM, and ESYS command settings and a subsequent meshing operation). However, attributes that were assigned directly to the solid model entities (via the KATT, LATT , AATT, and VATT commands) are not deleted. Caution--once used it is not possible to select or define finite element model items in terms of the detached solid model or to clear the mesh.
Notes
Affects the relationship of the solid model (keypoints, lines, areas, volumes) and the finite element model (nodes, elements, and boundary conditions).
Menu Paths
Main Menu>Preprocessor>Checking Ctrls>Model Checking
Prev MODIFY Prev MODOPT M Commands
Next MODOPT Next
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M Commands
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MODOPT
Name
MODOPT, Method, NMODE, FREQB, FREQE, PRMODE, Nrmkey, , Cekey Specifies modal analysis options. group: SOLUTION:Dynamic Options product: MP ME ST PR EH PP ED
Method
Mode extraction method to be used for the modal analysis. LANB -Block Lanczos (default) SUBSP -Subspace iteration REDUC -Householder (reduced) UNSYM -Unsymmetric matrix (cannot be followed by a subsequent spectrum analysis). DAMP -Damped system (cannot be followed by a subsequent spectrum analysis). QRDAMP -Damped system using QR algorithm (cannot be followed by a subsequent spectrum analysis).
NMODE
Number of modes to extract. The value can depend on the value supplied for Method. Defaults to the number of master DOFs when Method = REDUC. For the other methods, NMODE has no default and must be specified. When Method = SUBSP, only half of the total number of DOFs can be extracted, that is, if the model contains 100 DOFs, only 50 modes are extracted even if NMODE is set to 100. Recommendation: When Method = REDUC, NMODE should be less than half of the number of master DOFs. When Method = SUBSP, NMODE should be less than half of the total number of
20.05.2004
M Commands DOFs.
FREQB
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Beginning, or lower end, of frequency range of interest. For Method = LANB, SUBSP, UNSYM, DAMP, and QRDAMP, FREQB also represents the first shift point for the eigenvalue iterations. FREQB defaults to -1.0 if zero or blank for SUBSP, UNSYM, and DAMP. Eigenvalue extraction is most accurate near the shift point; multiple shift points are used in the LANB, SUBSP, and QRDAMP methods. For SUBSP method, and for LANB, UNSYM, DAMP, and QRDAMP methods with a positive FREQB, eigenvalues are output beginning at the shift point and increase in magnitude. For UNSYM and DAMP methods with a negative FREQB, eigenvalues are output beginning at zero magnitude and increase.
FREQE
Ending, or upper end, of frequency range of interest. FREQE defaults to 1e8 for Method = LANB, SUBSP, and QRDAMP. The default for the other methods is to calculate all modes, regardless of their maximum frequency.
PRMODE
Number of reduced modes to print for Method = REDUC.

Nrmkey
Mode shape normalization key: OFF -Normalize the mode shapes to the mass matrix (default). ON -Normalize the mode shapes to unity instead of to the mass matrix. If a subsequent spectrum or mode superposition analysis is planned, the mode shapes should be normalized to the mass matrix (that is, Nrmkey = OFF).
Cekey
Constraint equation (CE) processing key (applies only to Method = QRDAMP). (See Comparing Mode Extraction Methods in the ANSYS Structural Analysis Guide for more information about the use of this field in the SOLUTION phase of a modal cyclic symmetry analysis.) 1 -Lagrange multiplier method - quick solution 0, 2 -Lagrange multiplier method - accurate solution (default) 3 --
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M Commands Direct elimination method
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Notes
Specifies modal analysis (ANTYPE,MODAL) options. Additional options used only for subspace iteration eigenvalue extraction are specified by SUBOPT. Specifying the subspace option along with the PCG solver [EQSLV,PCG] is the same as choosing the Power Dynamics option on the GUI. If used in SOLUTION, this command is valid only within the first load step. The Block Lanczos method, which is the default, is strongly recommended for high-frequency magnetic eigenvalue problems. The initial frequency guess is not critical. The ratio of FREQE to FREQB can be up to 1 x 106 . This command is also valid in PREP7.
The damped, unsymmetric, and QR damped methods (DAMP, UNSYM, QRDAMP) are not available in the ANSYS/Professional program.
Menu Paths
Prev MODMSH Prev MONITOR M Commands
Next MONITOR Next
MONITOR
Name
MONITOR, VAR, Node, Lab Controls contents of three variable fields in nonlinear solution monitor file. group: SOLUTION:Analysis Options product: MP ME ST PR EM PP ED
VAR
One of three variable field numbers in the monitor file whose contents can be specified by the Lab field. Valid arguments are integers 1, 2, or 3. See Notes section for default values. file://D:\Documents%20and%20Settings\Administrator\Local%20Settings\Temp\~hh... 20.05.2004
M Commands
Node
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The node number for which information is monitored in the specified VAR field. In the GUI, if Node = P, graphical picking is enabled. If blank, the monitor file lists the maximum value of the specified quantity (Lab field) for the entire structure.
Lab
The solution quantity to be monitored in the specified VAR field. Valid labels for solution quantities are UX, UY, and UZ (displacements); ROTX, ROTY, and ROTZ (rotations); and TEMP (temperature). Valid labels for reaction force are FX, FY, and FZ (structural force) and MX, MY, and MZ (structural moment). Valid label for heat flow rate is HEAT. For defaults see the Notes section.
Notes
This command is only active when SOLCONTROL,ON. The monitor file is an ASCII file which is automatically created and saved when SOLCONTROL is active (ON). The monitor file always has an extension of .mntr, and takes its file name from the specified Jobname. If no Jobname is specified, the file name defaults to file. You must issue this command once for each solution quantity you want to monitor at a specified node at each load step. You cannot monitor a reaction force during a linear analysis. The variable field contents can be redefined at each load step by reissuing the command. The monitored quantities are appended to the file for each load step. The following example shows the format of a monitor file. Note that the file only records the solution substep history when a substep is convergent.
SOLUTION HISTORY INFORMATION FOR JOB: file.mntr ANSYS Release 6.0 LOAD SUB- NO. NO. TOTL INCREMENT STEP STEP ATTMP ITER ITER TIME/LFACT 10:12:43 TOTAL TIME/LFACT 05/15/2000 VARIAB 1 MONITOR UZ 1.4145 2.8283 4.9467 5.6519 4.2198 4.4849 4.7531 5.0696 5.4428 5.8928 6.4454 7.1375 7.7422 8.5588 9.0721 9.5648 10.277 11.306 12.802 VARIAB 2 MONITOR MZ 0.19076E-06 0.92989E-06 0.33342E-05 0.16826E-05 515.23 593.03 611.45 621.83 628.42 632.78 635.62 637.22 637.66 637.42 636.96 636.35 635.25 633.37 630.21 VARIAB 3 MONITOR MxPl 0.78886E0.78886E0.78886E0.78886E0.78886E0.78886E0.78886E0.78886E0.78886E0.78886E0.78886E0.78886E0.78886E0.78886E0.78886E0.78886E0.78886E0.78886E0.78886E-
1 1 1 1 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
1 2 3 4 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15
1 1 1 1 1 2 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 2 1 1 1 1
3 2 2 2 6 6 3 3 4 4 5 7 5 6 3 3 3 4 6
3 5 7 9 15 26 29 32 36 40 45 52 57 63 72 75 78 82 88
0.25000 0.25000 0.37500 0.12500 0.20000E-03 0.10000E-03 0.10000E-03 0.15000E-03 0.22500E-03 0.33750E-03 0.50625E-03 0.75938E-03 0.75938E-03 0.11391E-02 0.76887E-03 0.76887E-03 0.11533E-02 0.17300E-02 0.25949E-02
0.25000 0.50000 0.87500 1.0000 1.0002 1.0003 1.0004 1.0006 1.0008 1.0011 1.0016 1.0024 1.0031 1.0043 1.0050 1.0058 1.0070 1.0087 1.0113
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M Commands
2 2 2 2 2 16 17 18 19 20 1 1 1 2 1 5 7 6 4 4 93 100 106 116 120 0.25949E-02 0.38924E-02 0.38924E-02 0.26274E-02 0.26274E-02 1.0139 1.0178 1.0217 1.0243 1.0269 14.273 16.477 18.704 20.229 21.777 626.81 621.42 615.77 611.83 607.80
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0.78886E0.78886E0.78886E0.78886E0.78886E-
The following details the contents of the various fields in the monitor file: LOAD STEP The current load step number. SUB-STEP The current substep (time step) number. NO. ATTEMPT The number of attempts made in solving the current substep. This number is equal to the number of failed attempts (bisections) plus one (the successful attempt). NO. ITER The number of iterations used by the last successful attempt. TOTL. ITER Total cumulative number of iterations (including each iteration used by a bisection). INCREMENT
TIME/LFACT Time or load factor increments for the current substep. TOTAL TIME/LFACT Total time (or load factor) for the last successful attempt in the current substep. VARIAB 1 Variable field 1. In this example, the field is reporting the UZ value. By default, this field lists the CPU time used up to (but not including) the current substep. VARIAB 2 Variable field 2. In this example, the field is reporting the MZ value. By default, this field lists the maximum displacement in the entire structure. VARIAB 3 Variable field 3. By default (and in the example), this field reports the maximum equivalent file://D:\Documents%20and%20Settings\Administrator\Local%20Settings\Temp\~hh... 20.05.2004
M Commands plastic strain in the entire structure.
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Menu Paths
Main Menu>Preprocessor>Loads>Nonlinear>Monitor Main Menu>Solution>Nonlinear>Monitor
Prev MODOPT Prev *MOONEY M Commands
Next *MOONEY Next
*MOONEY
Name
*MOONEY, STRAIN, STRESS, --, CONST, CALC, SORTSN, SORTSS, Fname, Ext Calculates Mooney-Rivlin hyperelastic constants from test data. group: PREP7:Materials product: MP ME ST PP ED
STRAIN
Name of the array parameter containing the laboratory strain data. You must have previously filled this array with engineering strain values (no other measure of strain is valid) before you execute *MOONEY. If Uniaxial data (tension or compression) are to be used, they must be placed in the first column of this array. If Equibiaxial data (tension or compression) are to be used, they must be placed in the second column of this array. If Shear data are to be used, they must be placed in the third column of this array. If any test type is not used, the corresponding column of the STRAIN array should be left blank.
STRESS
Name of the array parameter containing the laboratory stress data. You must have previously filled the STRESS array with engineering stress values (no other measure of stress is valid) before you execute *MOONEY. The stress values must be placed in the STRESS array in locations corresponding to the locations of the companion strain values in the STRAIN array.
--
Unused field
CONST
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Name of the array parameter vector to which the hyperelastic material constants will be written. The CONST array must have been previously defined [ *DIM] to have a dimension of either 2, 5, or 9 (corresponding to a two-term, five-term, or nine-term Mooney-Rivlin material model). Using any dimension other than 2, 5, or 9 for the CONST vector array will cause an error message to be generated.
CALC
Name of the array parameter vector in which calculated engineering stress values determined from the Mooney-Rivlin constants will be placed. For this and the following two parameters (SORTSN, SORTSS), column 1 contains uniaxial data, column 2 contains equibiaxial data, and column 3 contains shear data.
SORTSN
Name of the array parameter vector in which the sorted experimental strain data will be placed.
SORTSS
Name of the array parameter vector in which the sorted laboratory test data will be placed.
Fname
Text file name (32 characters maximum) to which the determined constants will be written (in the form of TBDATA commands). The file name defaults to Jobname.
Ext
Filename extension (8 character maximum). The extension defaults to TB if Fname is blank.
Notes
The array parameters STRAIN, STRESS, CALC, SORTSN, and SORTSS must have been previously defined [*DIM] to have dimensions Nx3, where N is the maximum number of data points in any one of the three basic test types (uniaxial, equibiaxial, and planar or pure shear). *MOONEY calculates the Mooney-Rivlin hyperelastic material constants from laboratory stressstrain test data. Once the program determines these constants, it writes them to three places: to the database (in memory), to the array parameter CONST, and to a text file (in the form of TBDATA commands). You can use the *EVAL command to check the quality of the resulting material properties. You must have previously dimensioned [*DIM] all array parameters used by *MOONEY, and you must also have set LAB = MOONEY and TBOPT = 1 on the TB command, before you execute *MOONEY. Up to three different types of laboratory stress-strain tests can be used (in any combination):
?
Uniaxial (tension or compression)
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?
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Equibiaxial (tension or compression) Shear (Planar Tension or Planar Compression)
The *MOONEY command cannot be used with the Mooney-Rivlin material model for explicit dynamic analysis in ANSYS/LS -DYNA. To use experimental Mooney-Rivlin data for an explicit dynamic analysis, use TBOPT = 2 on the TB command (see Nonlinear Elastic Models in the ANSYS/LS-DYNA User's Guide for more details).
Menu Paths
Main Menu>Preprocessor>Loads>Other>Change Mat Props>Mooney-Rivlin>Calculate Const Main Menu>Preprocessor>Material Props>Mooney-Rivlin>Calculate Const Main Menu>Solution>Other>Change Mat Props>Mooney-Rivlin>Calculate Const
Prev MONITOR Prev *MOPER M Commands
Next *MOPER Next
*MOPER
Name
*MOPER, ParR, Par1, Oper, Par2, Par3, kDim, Ratio, kOut Performs matrix operations on array parameter matrices. group: APDL:Array Parameters product: MP ME ST DY PR EM FL PP ED
ParR
The name of the resulting array parameter matrix. See *SET for name restrictions. The parameter must exist as a dimensioned array [*DIM].
Par1
First array parameter matrix input to the operation.

Oper
Matrix operations: MAP --
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Maps the results from another program onto your ANSYS finite element model. For example, you can map pressures from a CFD analysis onto your model for a structural analysis. When you map results, the subsequent Par2 and Par3 arguments define your input values and their locations, and the three arguments that follow determine the search area and interpolation schemes (see below). MULT -Matrix multiply: Multiplies Par1 by Par2. The number of rows of Par2 must equal the number of columns of Par1 for the operation. SOLV -Solution of simultaneous equations: Solves the set of n equations of n terms of the form an1 x1 + an2 x2 + ... + ann xn = bn where Par1 contains the matrix of a-coefficients, Par2 the vector(s) of b-values, and ParR the vector(s) of x-results. Par1 must be a square matrix. The equations must be linear, independent, and well conditioned. Warning: non-independent or ill-conditioned equations can cause erroneous results. INVERT -Square matrix invert: Inverts the n x n matrix in Par1 into ParR. The matrix must be well conditioned. Warning: non-independent or ill-conditioned equations can cause erroneous results. SORT -Matrix sort: Sorts matrix Par1 according to sort vectorPar2 and places the result in Par1. Rows of Par1 are moved to the corresponding positions indicated by the values of Par2. Non-integer values are truncated to integers. Par2 may be a column of Par1 (in which case it will also be reordered). ParR is the vector of initial row positions. Sorting Par1 according to ParR should reproduce the initial ordering. COVAR -Covariance: The measure of association between two columns of the input matrix (Par1). Par1, of size m runs (rows) by n data (columns) is first processed to produce a row vector containing the mean of each column which is transposed to a column vector (Par2) of n array elements. The Par1 and Par2 operation then produces a resulting n x n matrix ( ParR) of covariances (with the variances as the diagonal terms). CORR -Correlation: The correlation coefficient between two variables. The input matrix ( Par1), of size m runs (rows) by n data (columns), is first processed to produce a row vector containing the mean of each column which is then transposed to a column vector ( Par2) of n array elements. The Par1 and Par2 operation then produces a resulting n x n matrix (ParR) of correlation coefficients (with a value of 1.0 for the diagonal terms). NNEAR --
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Nearest Node: Quickly determine all the nodes within a specified tolerance of a given array. Command format is: *MOPER,ParR, XYZ(1,1), NNEAR, Toler. Where ( ParR) is a vector of the nearest selected nodes, or 0 if no nodes are nearer than Toler. XYZ(n,3) is the n x 3 array of coordinate locations.
Par2
Second array parameter matrix input to the operation. For the COVAR and CORR operations, this parameter must exist as a dimensioned array vector without specified values since its values (means) will be calculated as part of the operations. For MAP, this will be an {N(in) x M} array of values to be interpolated, where N(in) is the number of points to interpolate from, and M is the number of values at each point. See NOTES section below for more on MAP.
Par3
Third array parameter, used for Oper = MAP. This is an N x 3 array of coordinate locations corresponding to the values in Par2. ParR will then be an N(out) x M array containing the interpolated values.
kDim
Interpolation criteria: If kDim = 2 or 0, two dimensional interpolation is applied (interpolate on a surface). If kDim = 3, three dimensional interpolation is applied (interpolate on a volume). .
Ratio
Relative pinball search radius (pinball size to total size based on min and max coordinates contained in Par2). Defaults to 0.1. This argument is used to limit the search for the nearest points.
kOut
Second array parameter matrix input to the operation. For the COVAR and CORR operations, this parameter must exist as a dimensioned array vector without specified values since its values (means) will be calculated as part of the operations. If kOut = 0, keep results interpolated outside of the region. If kOut = 1, set results interpolated outside of the region to zero.
Notes
Operates on two input array parameter matrices and produces one output array parameter matrix according to:
ParR
= Par1 Oper Par2
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where the operations ( Oper) are described above. Each array starting element number must be defined for each array parameter matrix. For example, *MOPER,A(2,3),B(1,4),MULT,C(1,5) multiplies submatrix B (starting at element (1,4)) by submatrix C (starting at element (1,5)) and puts the result in matrix A (starting at element (2,3)). The diagonal corner elements for each submatrix must be defined: the upper left corner by the array starting element (on this command), the lower right corner by the current values from the *VCOL and *VLEN commands. The default values are the (1,1) element and the last element in the matrix. No operations progress across matrix planes (in the 3rd dimension). Absolute values and scale factors may be applied to all parameters [*VABS , *VFACT]. Results may be cumulative [*VCUM]. Array elements should not be skipped with the *VMASK and the NINC value of the *VLEN specifications. See the *VOPER command for details. Important: Output points are incorrect if they are not within the boundaries (area or volume) set via the specified input points. Also, calculations for out-of-bound points require much more processing time than do points that are within bounds. When mapping results from one analysis to another ( Oper = MAP), Par1 will be your final, N(out) x 3 array of values. Par2will be an N(in) x M array that corresponds to the values in Par3. For each point in the destination mesh, all possible triangles in the source mesh are searched to find the best triangle containing each point. It then does a linear interpolation inside this triangle. You should carefully specify your interpolation method and search criteria in order to provide faster and more accurate results. Results mapping ( Oper = MAP) is available from the command line only. This command is valid in any processor.
Menu Paths
Utility Menu>Parameters>Array Operations>Matrix Operations
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Next MOPT Next
MOPT
Name
MOPT, Lab, Value Specifies meshing options. group: PREP7:Meshing product: MP ME ST DY PR EM FL PP ED
Lab
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M Commands Meshing option to be specified (dictates the meaning of Value): EXPND --
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Area mesh expansion (or contraction) option. (This option is the same as SMRTSIZE,,,EXPND.) This option is used to size internal elements in an area based on the size of the elements on the area's boundaries. Value is the expansion (or contraction) factor. For example, issuing MOPT,EXPND,2 before meshing an area will allow a mesh with elements that are approximately twice as large in the interior of an area as they are on the boundary. If Value is less than 1, a mesh with smaller elements on the interior of the area will be allowed. Value for this option should be greater than 0.5 but less than 4. Value defaults to 1, which does not allow expansion or contraction of internal element sizes (except when using AESIZE sizing). If Value = 0, the default value of 1 will be used. The actual size of the internal elements will also depend on the TRANS option, or upon AESIZE or ESIZE sizing, if used. TETEXPND -Tet-mesh expansion (or contraction) option. This option is used to size internal elements in a volume based on the size of the elements on the volume's boundaries. Value is the expansion (or contraction) factor. For example, issuing MOPT,TETEXPND,2 before meshing a volume will allow a mesh with elements that are approximately twice as large in the interior of the volume as they are on the boundary. If Value is less than 1, a mesh with smaller elements on the interior of the volume will be allowed. Value for this option should be greater than 0.1 but less than 3. Value defaults to 1, which does not allow expansion or contraction of internal element sizes. If Value = 0, the default value of 1 will be used. If Value is greater than 2, mesher robustness may be affected. The TETEXPND option is supported for both the VMESH and FVMESH commands. Tetmesh expansion is the only mesh control supported by FVMESH. TRANS -Mesh transition option. (This option is the same as SMRTSIZE,,,,TRANS.) This option is used to control how rapidly elements are permitted to change in size from the boundary to the interior of an area. Value is the transitioning factor. Value defaults to 2.0, which permits elements to approximately double in size as they approach the interior of the area. (If Value = 0, the default value of 2 will be used.) Value must be greater than 1 and, for best results, should be less than 4. The actual size of the internal elements will also depend on the EXPND option, or upon AESIZE or ESIZE sizing, if used. AMESH -Triangle surface meshing option. Valid inputs for Value are: DEFAULT -Let ANSYS choose which triangle mesher to use. In most cases, ANSYS will choose the main triangle mesher, which is the Riemann space mesher. If the chosen mesher fails for any reason, ANSYS invokes the alternate mesher and retries the meshing operation. MAIN -ANSYS uses the main triangle mesher (Riemann space mesher), and it does not invoke an alternate mesher if the main mesher fails. The Riemann space mesher is file://D:\Documents%20and%20Settings\Administrator\Local%20Settings\Temp\~hh... 20.05.2004
M Commands well suited for most surfaces. ALTERNATE --
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ANSYS uses the first alternate triangle mesher (3-D tri-mesher), and it does not invoke another mesher if this mesher fails. This option is not recommended due to speed considerations. However, for surfaces with degeneracies in parametric space, this mesher often provides the best results. ALT2 -ANSYS uses the second alternate triangle mesher (2-D parametric space mesher), and it does not invoke another mesher if this mesher fails. This option is not recommended for use on surfaces with degeneracies (spheres, cones, etc.) or poorly parameterized surfaces because poor meshes may result. QMESH -Quadrilateral surface meshing option. (Quadrilateral surface meshes will differ based on which triangle surface mesher is selected. This is true because all free quadrilateral meshing algorithms use a triangle mesh as a starting point.) Valid inputs for Value are: DEFAULT -Let ANSYS choose which quadrilateral mesher to use. In most cases, ANSYS will choose the main quadrilateral mesher, which is the Q-Morph (quad-morphing) mesher. For very coarse meshes, ANSYS may choose the alternate quadrilateral mesher instead. In most cases, the Q-Morph mesher results in higher quality elements. If either mesher fails for any reason, ANSYS invokes the other mesher and re-tries the meshing operation. (Default.) MAIN -ANSYS uses the main quadrilateral mesher (Q -Morph mesher), and it does not invoke the alternate mesher if the main mesher fails. ALTERNATE -ANSYS uses the alternate quadrilateral mesher, and it does not invoke the QMorph mesher if the alternate mesher fails. To use the alternate quadrilateral mesher, you must also select MOPT,AMESH,ALTERNATE or MOPT,AMESH,ALT2. VMESH -Tetrahedral element meshing option. Valid inputs for Value are: DEFAULT -Let ANSYS choose which tetrahedra mesher to use. ANSYS always uses the alternate tetrahedra mesher when meshing with p-elements. Otherwise, it usually uses the main tetrahedra mesher. MAIN --
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Page 39 of 96 Use the main tetrahedra mesher (Delaunay technique mesher). (GHS3D meshing technology by P.L. George, INRIA, France.) For most models, this mesher is significantly faster than the alternate mesher.
ALTERNATE -Use the alternate tetrahedra mesher (advancing front mesher). This mesher is the ANSYS Revision 5.2 tetrahedra mesher. It does not support the generation of a tetrahedral volume mesh from facets [FVMESH]. If this mesher is selected and you issue the FVMESH command, ANSYS uses the main tetrahedra mesher to create the mesh from facets and issues a warning message to notify you. SPLIT -Quad splitting option for non-mapped meshing. If Value = 1, ON, or ERR, quadrilateral elements in violation of shape error limits are split into triangles (default). If Value = 2 or WARN, quadrilateral elements in violation of either shape error or warning limits are split into triangles. If Value = OFF, splitting does not occur, regardless of element quality. LSMO -Line smoothing option. Value can be ON or OFF. If Value = ON, smoothing of nodes on area boundaries is performed during smoothing step of meshing. During smoothing, node locations are adjusted to achieve a better mesh. If Value = OFF (default), no smoothing takes place at area boundaries. CLEAR -This option affects the element and node numbering after clearing a mesh. If Value = ON (default), the starting node and element numbers will be the lowest available number after the nodes and elements are cleared. If Value = OFF, the starting node and element numbers are not reset after the clear operation (which was the default behavior for ANSYS versions prior to Release 5.3). PYRA -Transitional pyramid elements option. Value can be ON or OFF. If Value = ON (default), ANSYS automatically creates transitional pyramid elements, when possible. Pyramids may be created at the interface of tetrahedral and hexahedral elements, or directly from quadrilateral elements. For pyramids to be created, you must also issue the command MSHAPE ,1,3D (degenerate three-dimensional elements). If Value = OFF, ANSYS does not create transitional pyramid elements. TIMP -Identifies the level of tetrahedra improvement to be performed when the next free volume meshing operation is initiated [VMESH, FVMESH]. (For levels 2-5, improvement occurs primarily through the use of face swapping and node smoothing techniques.) Valid inputs for Value are: 0 -Turn off tetrahedra improvement. Although this value can lead to faster
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1 -Do the minimal amount of tetrahedra improvement. (Default.) This option is supported by the main tetrahedra mesher only [MOPT,VMESH,MAIN]. If the alternate tetrahedra mesher [MOPT,VMESH,ALTERNATE] is invoked with this setting, ANSYS automatically performs tetrahedra improvement at level 3 instead [MOPT,TIMP,3]. 2 -Perform the least amount of swapping/smoothing. No improvement occurs if all tetrahedral elements are within acceptable limits. 3 -Perform an intermediate amount of swapping/smoothing. Some improvement is always done. 4 -Perform the greatest amount of swapping/smoothing. Meshing takes longer with this level of improvement, but usually results in a better mesh. 5 -Perform the greatest amount of swapping/smoothing, plus additional improvement techniques. This level of improvement usually produces results that are similar to those at level 4, except for very poor meshes. 6 -For linear tetrahedral meshes, this value provides the same level of improvement as MOPT,TIMP,5. For quadratic tetrahedral meshes, this value provides an additional pass of cleanup. This value is supported for both the main [MOPT,VMESH,MAIN] and alternate [MOPT,VMESH,ALTERNATE] tetrahedra meshers. STAT -Display status of MOPT settings. Value is ignored. DEFA -Set all MOPT options to default values. Value is ignored.
Value
Value, as described for each different Lab above.
Notes
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See Chapter 7 of the ANSYS Modeling and Meshing Guide for more information on the MOPT command and its options.
Menu Paths
Main Menu>Preprocessor>Mesher Opts Main Menu>Preprocessor>Size Cntrls>Area Cntrls Main Menu>Preprocessor>Size Cntrls>Volu Cntrls Utility Menu>List>Status>Preprocessor>Solid Model
Prev *MOPER Prev MOVE M Commands
Next MOVE Next
MOVE
Name
MOVE, NODE, KC1, X1, Y1, Z1, KC2, X2, Y2, Z2 Calculates and moves a node to an intersection. group: PREP7:Nodes product: MP ME ST DY PR EM FL PP ED
NODE
Move this node. If NODE = P, graphical picking is enabled and all remaining command fields are ignored (valid only in the GUI). A component name may also be substituted for NODE.
KC1
First coordinate system number. Defaults to 0 (global Cartesian).

X1, Y1, Z1
Input one or two values defining the location of the node in this coordinate system. Input "U" for unknown value(s) to be calculated and input "E" to use an existing coordinate value. Fields are R1, 1,Z1 for cylindrical, or R1, 1, 1 for spherical or toroidal.
KC2
Second coordinate system number.
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X2, Y2, Z2
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Input two or one value(s) defining the location of the node in this coordinate system. Input "U" for unknown value(s) to be calculated and input "E" to use an existing coordinate value. Fields are R2, 2,Z2 for cylindrical, or R2, 2, 2 for spherical or toroidal.
Notes
Calculates and moves a node to an intersection location. The node may have been previously defined (at an approximate location) or left undefined (in which case it is internally defined at the SOURCE location). The actual location is calculated from the intersection of three surfaces (implied from three coordinate constants in two different coordinate systems). The three (of six) constants easiest to define should be used. The program will calculate the remaining three coordinate constants. All arguments, except KC1, must be input. Use the repeat command [ *REPEAT] after the MOVE command to define a line of intersection by repeating the move operation on all nodes of the line. Surfaces of constant value are implied by some commands by specifying a single coordinate value. Implied surfaces are used with various commands [MOVE, KMOVE, NSEL, etc.]. Three surfaces are available with each of the four coordinate system types. Values or X, Y, or Z may be constant for the Cartesian coordinate system; values of R, , or Z for the cylindrical system; and values of R, , for the spherical and toroidal systems. For example, an X value of 3 represents the Y-Z plane (or surface) at X=3. In addition, the parameters for the cylindrical and spherical coordinate systems may be adjusted [CS, LOCAL] to form elliptical surfaces. For surfaces in elliptical coordinate systems, a surface of "constant" radius is defined by the radius value at the X-axis. Surfaces of constant value may be located in local coordinate systems [LOCAL, CLOCAL, CS, or CSKP] to allow for any orientation. The intersection calculation is based on an iterative procedure (250 iterations maximum) and a tolerance of 1.0E-4. The approximate location of a node should be sufficient to determine a unique intersection if more than one intersection point is possible. Tangent "intersections" should be avoided. If an intersection is not found, the node is placed at the last iteration location.
Menu Paths
Main Menu>Preprocessor>Move / Modify>To Intersect
Prev MOPT Prev MP M Commands
Next MP Next
MP
Name
MP, Lab, MAT, C0, C1, C2, C3, C4 Defines a linear material property as a constant or a function of temperature.
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Lab
Valid material property label. Applicable labels are listed under "Material Properties" in the input table for each element type in the ANSYS Elements Reference. See Linear Material Properties of the ANSYS Elements Reference for more complete property label definitions: EX -Elastic moduli (also EY, EZ). ALPX -Coefficients of thermal expansion (also ALPY, ALPZ). REFT -Reference temperature. Must be defined as a constant; C1 through C4 are ignored. PRXY -Major Poisson's ratios (also PRYZ, PRXZ). NUXY -Minor Poisson's ratios (also NUYZ, NUXZ). GXY -Shear moduli (also GYZ, GXZ). DAMP -K matrix multiplier for damping.domain. Note: If used in an explicit dynamic analysis, the value corresponds to the percentage of damping in the high frequency domain. For example, 0.1 roughly corresponds to 10% damping in the high frequency domain. MU -Coefficient of friction. DENS -Mass density. C --
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M Commands Specific heat. ENTH -Enthalpy. KXX -Thermal conductivities (also KYY, KZZ). HF -Convection or film coefficient. EMIS -Emissivity. QRATE -Heat generation rate. VISC -Viscosity. SONC -Sonic velocity. RSVX -Electrical resistivities (also RSVY, RSVZ). PERX -Electric relative permittivities (also PERY, PERZ). MURX -Magnetic relative permeabilities (also MURY, MURZ). MGXX -Magnetic coercive forces (also MGYY, MGZZ). LSST --
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Dielectric loss tangent. Valid for high-frequency electromagnetic analyses only.

MAT
Material reference number to be associated with the elements (defaults to the current MAT file://D:\Documents%20and%20Settings\Administrator\Local%20Settings\Temp\~hh... 20.05.2004
M Commands setting [MAT]).

C0
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Material property value, or if a property-versus-temperature polynomial is being defined, the constant term in the polynomial.
C1, C2, C3, C4
Coefficients of the linear, quadratic, cubic, and quartic terms, respectively, in the propertyversus-temperature polynomial. Leave blank (or set to zero) for a constant material property.
Notes
MP defines a linear material property as a constant or in terms of a fourth order polynomial as a function of temperature. See the TB command for nonlinear material property input. Linear material properties typically require a single substep for solution, whereas nonlinear material properties require multiple substeps; see Linear Material Properties of the ANSYS Elements Reference for details. If the constants C1 - C4 are input, the polynomial Property = C0 + C1(T) + C2(T)2 + C3(T)3 + C4(T)4 is evaluated at discrete temperature points with linear interpolation between points (i.e., piece-wise linear representation) and a constant-valued extrapolation beyond the extreme points. The MPTEMP or MPTGEN commands must be used for second and higher order properties to define appropriate temperature steps. Constant and first-order properties use two discrete points (9999) by default. A polynomial input is not valid in an explicit dynamic analysis. C1, C2, C3, and C4 are ignored. This command is also valid in SOLUTION.
In ANSYS without Emag 3-D or Emag 2-D enabled, the MUR_ and MG__ properties are not allowed. In ANSYS/Professional, all structural and thermal properties are allowed except DAMP and MU. In ANSYS/Emag 3-D and ANSYS/Emag 2-D, only the RSV_, PER_, MUR_, and MG__ properties are allowed. The LSST property is available only for products that include ANSYS/Emag 3-D, and can be used only in high-frequency analyses.
Menu Paths
Main Menu>Preprocessor>Loads>Magnetics>DSP Method Main Menu>Preprocessor>Loads>Magnetics>GSP Method Main Menu>Preprocessor>Loads>Magnetics>RSP Method Main Menu>Solution>Magnetics>DSP Method Main Menu>Solution>Magnetics>GSP Method Main Menu>Solution>Magnetics>RSP Method
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M Commands Prev MOVE Prev MPAMOD M Commands
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MPAMOD
Name
MPAMOD , MAT, DEFTEMP Modifies temperature-dependent coefficients of thermal expansion. group: PREP7:Materials product: MP ME ST PR EM FL PP ED
MAT
Material number for which the coefficients of thermal expansion (CTE's) are to be modified. Defaults to 1.
DEFTEMP
Definition temperature at which the existing CTE-versus-temperature tables were defined. Defaults to zero.
Notes
This command converts temperature-dependent CTE data (properties ALPX, ALPY, ALPZ) from the definition temperature ( DEFTEMP) to the reference temperature defined by MP,REFT or TREF. If both the MP,REFT and TREF commands have been issued, the reference temperature defined by the MP,REFT command will be used. See Linear Material Properties of the ANSYS Elements Reference and the ANSYS, Inc. Theory Reference for more details. This command is also valid in SOLUTION.
Menu Paths
Main Menu>Preprocessor>Loads>Other>Change Mat Props>Convert ALPx Main Menu>Preprocessor>Material Props>Convert ALPx Main Menu>Solution>Other>Change Mat Props>Convert ALPx
Prev
Next
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M Commands MP Prev MPCHG M Commands
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MPCHG
Name
MPCHG, MAT, ELEM Changes the material number attribute of an element. group: PREP7:Materials SOLUTION:Misc Loads product: MP ME ST DY PR EM FL PP ED
MAT
Assign this material number to the element. Material numbers are defined with the material property commands [MP].
ELEM
Element for material change. If ALL, change materials for all selected elements [ESEL].
Notes
Changes the material number of the specified element. Between load steps in SOLUTION, material properties cannot be changed from linear to nonlinear, or from one nonlinear option to another. If you change from one MKIN model to another MKIN model, the different MKIN models need to have the same number of data points. This requirement also applies if you change from one KINH model to another KINH model, or from one CHABOCHE model to another CHABOCHE model.
Menu Paths
Main Menu>Preprocessor>Loads>Other>Change Mat Props>Change Mat Num Main Menu>Preprocessor>Material Props>Change Mat Num Main Menu>Solution>Other>Change Mat Props>Change Mat Num
Prev MPAMOD Prev MPCOPY M Commands
Next MPCOPY Next
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MPCOPY
Name
MPCOPY, --, MATF, MATT Copies linear material model data from one material reference number to another. group: PREP7:Materials product: MP ME ST DY PR EM PP ED
--
Unused field
MATF
Material reference number from where material property data will be copied.
MATT
Material reference number to where material property data will be copied.
Notes
The MPCOPY command copies linear material properties only, which are all properties defined through the MP command. If you copy a model that includes both linear and yield behavior constants (for example, a BKIN model), the MPCOPY and TBCOPY, ALL commands are used together to copy the entire model. All input data associated with the model is copied, that is, all data defined through the MP and TB commands. Also, if you copy a material model using the Material Model Interface (Edit > Copy), both the commands MPCOPY and TBCOPY, ALL are issued, regardless of whether the model includes linear constants only, or if it includes a combination of linear and yield behavior constants. This command is also valid in SOLUTION.
Menu Paths
Main Menu>Preprocessor>Loads>Other>Change Mat Props>Material Models Main Menu>Preprocessor>Material Props>Material Models Main Menu>Solution>Other>Change Mat Props>Material Models
Prev MPCHG MPDATA file://D:\Documents%20and%20Settings\Administrator\Local%20Settings\Temp\~hh...
Next MPDATA
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M Commands Prev M Commands
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MPDATA
Name
MPDATA, Lab, MAT, STLOC, C1, C2, C3, C4, C5, C6 Defines property data to be associated with the temperature table. group: PREP7:Materials product: MP ME ST DY PR EM EH FL PP ED
Lab
Valid property label. Applicable labels are listed under "Material Properties" in the input table for each element type in the ANSYS Elements Reference. See Linear Material Properties of the ANSYS Elements Reference for more complete property label definitions: EX -Elastic moduli (also EY, EZ). ALPX -Coefficients of thermal expansion (also ALPY, ALPZ). (See also MPAMOD command for adjustment to reference temperature). REFT -Reference temperature. PRXY -Major Poisson's ratios (also PRYZ, PRXZ). NUXY -Minor Poisson's ratios (also NUYZ, NUXZ). GXY -Shear moduli (also GYZ, GXZ). DAMP -K matrix multiplier for damping. MU -file://D:\Documents%20and%20Settings\Administrator\Local%20Settings\Temp\~hh... 20.05.2004
M Commands Coefficient of friction. DENS -Mass density. C -Specific heat. ENTH -Enthalpy. KXX -Thermal conductivities (also KYY, KZZ). HF -Convection or film coefficient. EMIS -Emissivity. QRATE -Heat generation rate. VISC -Viscosity. SONC -Sonic velocity. RSVX -Electrical resistivities (also RSVY, RSVZ). PERX -Electric relative permittivities (also PERY, PERZ). MURX -Magnetic relative permeabilities (also MURY, MURZ). MGXX -Magnetic coercive forces (also MGYY, MGZZ). file://D:\Documents%20and%20Settings\Administrator\Local%20Settings\Temp\~hh...
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20.05.2004
M Commands LSST -Dielectric loss tangent.
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The MPDATA command may also be used to enter temperature dependent properties for fluids in a CFD analysis with FLOTRAN via FLUID141 and FLUID142. Valid MPDATA labels for a CFD analysis in a non-solid region are: DENS -Density of fluid. This is the same as the label used to specify mass density with the FLDATA command. C -Specific heat of fluid. This is equivalent to the SPHT label used to specify conductivity with the FLDATA command. KXXX -Thermal conductivity of fluid. VISC -Viscosity of fluid. This is the same as the label used to specify kinematic velocity with the FLDATA command.
MAT
Material reference number to be associated with the elements (defaults to 1 if you specify zero or no material number).
STLOC
Starting location in table for generating data. For example, if STLOC = 1, data input in the C1 field is the first constant in the table. If STLOC = 7, data input in the C1 field is the seventh constant in the table, etc. Defaults to the last location filled + 1.
C1, C2, C3, C4, C5, C6
Property data values assigned to six locations starting with STLOC. If a value is already in this location, it is redefined. A blank (or zero) value for C1 resets the previous value in STLOC to zero. A value of zero can only be assigned by C1. Blank (or zero) values for C2 to C6 leave the corresponding previous values unchanged.
Notes
Defines a table of property data to be associated with the temperature table. Repeat MPDATA command for additional values (100 maximum). Temperatures must be defined first [MPTEMP]. Also stores assembled property function table (temperature and data) in virtual space. This command is also valid in SOLUTION.
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M Commands
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In ANSYS without Emag enabled, the MUR_ and MG__ properties are not allowed. In ANSYS/Professional, all structural and thermal properties are allowed except DAMP and MU. In ANSYS/Emag, only the RSV_, PER_, MUR_, and MG__ properties are allowed. Only products that include ANSYS/Emag can use the LSST property.
Menu Paths
Prev MPCOPY Prev MPDELE M Commands
Next MPDELE Next
MPDELE
Name
MPDELE, Lab, MAT1, MAT2, INC Deletes linear material properties. group: PREP7:Materials product: MP ME ST DY PR EM FL PP ED
Lab
Material property label (see MP command for valid labels). If ALL, delete properties for all applicable labels.
MAT1, MAT2, INC
Delete materials from MAT1 to MAT2 (defaults to MAT1) in steps of INC (defaults to 1). If MAT1 = ALL, MAT2 and INC are ignored and the properties for all materials are deleted.
Notes
Menu Paths
M Commands Main Menu>Preprocessor>Loads>Other>Change Mat Props>Material Models Main Menu>Preprocessor>Material Props>Material Models Main Menu>Solution>Other>Change Mat Props>Material Models
Page 53 of 96
Prev MPDATA Prev MPDRES M Commands
Next MPDRES Next
MPDRES
Name
MPDRES, LabF, MATF, LabT, MATT Reassembles existing material data with the temperature table. group: PREP7:Materials product: MP ME ST PR EM FL PP ED
LabF
Material property label associated with MATF.

MATF
Material reference number of property to restore from virtual space.

LabT
Material property label associated with MATT (defaults to label associated with MATF).
MATT
Material reference number assigned to generated property (defaults to MATF).
Notes
Restores into the database (from virtual space) a data table previously defined [MP] for a particular property, assembles data with current database temperature table, and stores back in virtual space as a new property. This command is also valid in SOLUTION.
20.05.2004
M Commands
Page 54 of 96
Menu Paths
Main Menu>Preprocessor>Loads>Other>Change Mat Props>Modify Temps Main Menu>Preprocessor>Material Props>Modify Temps Main Menu>Solution>Other>Change Mat Props>Modify Temps
Prev MPDELE Prev /MPLIB M Commands
Next /MPLIB Next
/MPLIB
Name
/MPLIB, R-W_opt, PATH Sets the default material library read and write paths. group: PREP7:Materials product: MP ME ST DY PR EM FL PP ED
R-W_opt
Determines what path is being set. Possible values are: READ -Set the read path. WRITE -Set the write path. STAT -Report what read and write paths are currently in use.
PATH
The directory path to be used for material library files.
Notes
The /MPLIB command sets two path strings used in conjunction with the material library feature and the MPREAD and MPWRITE commands.
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M Commands
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For MPREAD, when you use the LIB option and the directory portion of the specification for the material library file is blank, the command searches for the file in these locations: the current working directory, the user's home directory, the user-specified material library directory (as defined by the /MPLIB,READ, PATH command), and /ansys_dir/matlib. For MPWRITE, when you use the LIB option and the directory portion of the specification for the material library file is blank, the command writes the material library file to the directory specified by the /MPLIB,WRITE, PATH command (if that path has been set). If the path has not been set, the default is to write the file to the current working directory. The Material Library files supplied with the distribution disks are meant for demonstration purposes only. These files are not intended for use in customer applications.
Menu Paths
Main Menu>Preprocessor>Loads>Other>Change Mat Props>Material Library>Lib Path Status Main Menu>Preprocessor>Material Props>Material Library>Lib Path Status Main Menu>Solution>Other>Change Mat Props>Material Library>Lib Path Status
Prev MPDRES Prev MPLIST M Commands
Next MPLIST Next
MPLIST
Name
MPLIST, MAT1, MAT2, INC, Lab, TEVL Lists linear material properties. group: PREP7:Materials product: MP ME ST DY PR EM FL PP ED
MAT1, MAT2, INC
List materials from MAT1 to MAT2 (defaults to MAT1) in steps of INC (defaults to 1). If MAT1= ALL (default), MAT2 and INC are ignored and properties for all material numbers are listed.
Lab
Material property label (see the MP command for labels). If ALL (or blank), list properties for all labels. If EVLT, list properties for all labels evaluated at TEVL.
TEVL
20.05.2004
M Commands Evaluation temperature for Lab = EVLT listing (defaults to BFUNIF).
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Notes
Menu Paths
Utility Menu>List>Properties>All Materials Utility Menu>List>Properties>All Matls, All Temps Utility Menu>List>Properties>All Matls, Specified Temp Utility Menu>List>Properties>Specified Matl, All Temps
Prev /MPLIB Prev MPPLOT M Commands
Next MPPLOT Next
MPPLOT
Name
MPPLOT, Lab, MAT, TMIN , TMAX, PMIN, PMAX Plots linear material properties as a function of temperature. group: PREP7:Materials product: MP ME ST PR EM FL PP ED
Lab
Linear material property label (EX, EY, etc.) [MP].

MAT
Material reference number.

TMIN
Minimum abscissa value to be displayed.

TMAX
Maximum abscissa value.
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M Commands
PMIN
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Minimum property (ordinate) value to be displayed.

PMAX
Maximum property value.
Notes
Menu Paths
Utility Menu>Plot>Materials
Prev MPLIST Prev MPREAD M Commands
Next MPREAD Next
MPREAD
Name
MPREAD, Fname, Ext, Dir, LIB Reads a file containing material properties. group: PREP7:Materials product: MP ME ST DY PR EM FL PP ED
Fname
Ext
Filename extension (8 character maximum). If you omit the LIB option, the default extension is MP. If you specify the LIB option, the default extension is units_MPL, where units is the system of units currently in use. (See the description of the /UNITS command.) For example, if /UNITS is set to SI, the extension defaults to SI_MPL.
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M Commands
Dir
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Directory name (64 characters maximum) into which the named file will be written. If you do not specify the LIB option, the default directory is the current working directory. If you specify LIB option, the default is the following search path: the current working directory, the user's home directory, MPLIB_DIR (as specified by the /MPLIB,READ, PATH command) and /ansys_dir/matlib (as defined by installation).
LIB
Reads material library files previously written with the MPWRITE command. (See the description of the LIB option for the MPWRITE command.) The only allowed value for LIB is LIB. The LIB field indicates that the specified file was written by MPWRITE using the LIB option, and that the file is consistent with the material library file format. When the MPREAD command executes, the ANSYS program reads material properties defined in the specified file into the current ANSYS working database. The currently selected material, as defined by the MAT command (MAT,MAT), determines the material number used when reading the material properties. The LIB option for MPREAD and MPWRITE supports storing and retrieving both linear and nonlinear properties.
Notes
Material properties written to a file without the LIB option do not support nonlinear properties. Also, properties written to a file without the LIB option are restored in the same material number as originally defined. To avoid errors, use MPREAD with the LIB option only when reading files written using MPWRITE with the LIB option. If you omit the LIB option for MPREAD, this command supports only linear properties. Material numbers are hardcoded. If you write a material file without specifying the LIB option, then read that file in using the MPREAD command with the LIB option, the ANSYS program will not write the file to a new material number. Instead, it will write the file to the "old" material number (the number specified on the MPWRITE command that created the file.) This command is also valid in SOLUTION.
Menu Paths
Main Menu>Preprocessor>Loads>Other>Change Mat Props>Material Library>Export Library Main Menu>Preprocessor>Loads>Other>Change Mat Props>Material Library>Import Library Main Menu>Preprocessor>Loads>Other>Change Mat Props>Material Library>Select Units Main Menu>Preprocessor>Loads>Other>Change Mat Props>Read from File Main Menu>Preprocessor>Material Props>Material Library>Export Library Main Menu>Preprocessor>Material Props>Material Library>Import Library Main Menu>Preprocessor>Material Props>Material Library>Select Units Main Menu>Preprocessor>Material Props>Read from File Main Menu>Solution>Other>Change Mat Props>Material Library>Export Library
20.05.2004
M Commands Main Menu>Solution>Other>Change Mat Props>Material Library>Import Library Main Menu>Solution>Other>Change Mat Props>Material Library>Select Units Main Menu>Solution>Other>Change Mat Props>Read from File
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Prev MPPLOT Prev MPRINT M Commands
Next MPRINT Next
MPRINT
Name
MPRINT, KEY Specifies that radiation matrices are to be printed. group: AUX12:Radiation Substructures product: MP ME ST PR PP ED
KEY
Print key: 0 -Do not print matrices. 1 -Print matrices.
Command Default
Matrices are not printed.
Notes
Specifies that the element and node radiation matrices are to be printed when the WRITE command is issued. If KEY = 1, form factor information for each element will also be printed.
Menu Paths
Main Menu>Radiation Opt>Write Matrix
20.05.2004
M Commands Prev MPREAD Prev MPTEMP M Commands
Page 60 of 96 Next MPTEMP Next
MPTEMP
Name
MPTEMP, STLOC, T1, T2, T3, T4, T5, T6 Defines a temperature table for material properties. group: PREP7:Materials product: MP ME ST DY PR EM FL PP ED
STLOC
Starting location in table for entering temperatures. For example, if STLOC = 1, data input in the T1 field applies to the first constant in the table. If STLOC = 7, data input in the T1 field applies to the seventh constant in the table, etc. Defaults to the last location filled + 1.
T1, T2, T3, T4, T5, T6
Temperatures assigned to six locations starting with STLOC. If a value is already in this location, it will be redefined. A blank (or zero) value for T1 resets the previous value in STLOC to zero. A value of zero can only be assigned by T1. Blank (or zero) values for T2 to T6 leave the corresponding previous values unchanged.
Command Default
No temperature table defined (i.e., properties must be defined as a constant or linear function of temperature with the MP command).
Notes
Defines a temperature table to be associated with the property data table [MPDATA]. These temperatures are also used for polynomial property evaluation, if defined [MP]. Temperatures must be defined in non-descending order. Issue MATER $STAT to list the current temperature table. Repeat MPTEMP command for additional temperatures (100 maximum). If all arguments are blank, the temperature table is erased. This command is also valid in SOLUTION.
Menu Paths
20.05.2004
M Commands Main Menu>Preprocessor>Loads>Other>Change Mat Props>Material Models Main Menu>Preprocessor>Material Props>Material Models Main Menu>Solution>Other>Change Mat Props>Material Models
Page 61 of 96
Prev MPRINT Prev MPTGEN M Commands
Next MPTGEN Next
MPTGEN
Name
MPTGEN, STLOC, NUM, TSTRT, TINC Adds temperatures to the temperature table by generation. group: PREP7:Materials product: MP ME ST PR EM FL PP ED
STLOC
Starting location in table for generating temperatures. Defaults to last location filled + 1.
NUM
Number of temperatures to be generated (1-100).

TSTRT
Temperature assigned to STLOC location.

TINC
Increment previous temperature by TINC and assign to next location until all NUM locations are filled.
Notes
Adds temperatures to the temperature table by generation. May be used in combination (or in place of) the MPTEMP command. This command is also valid in SOLUTION.
Menu Paths
M Commands Main Menu>Preprocessor>Loads>Other>Change Mat Props>Generate Temp Main Menu>Preprocessor>Material Props>Generate Temp Main Menu>Solution>Other>Change Mat Props>Generate Temp
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Prev MPTEMP Prev MPTRES M Commands
Next MPTRES Next
MPTRES
Name
MPTRES , Lab, MAT Restores a temperature table previously defined. group: PREP7:Materials product: MP ME ST PR EM FL PP ED
Lab
Material property label [MP].

MAT
Material reference number.
Notes
Restores into the database (from virtual space) a temperature table previously defined [MP] for a particular property. The existing temperature table in the database is erased before this operation. This command is also valid in SOLUTION.
Menu Paths
Main Menu>Preprocessor>Loads>Other>Change Mat Props>Restore Temps Main Menu>Preprocessor>Material Props>Restore Temps Main Menu>Solution>Other>Change Mat Props>Restore Temps
Prev MPTGEN
Next MPWRITE
20.05.2004
M Commands MPWRITE M Commands
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Prev
Next
MPWRITE
Name
MPWRITE, Fname, Ext, Dir, LIB, MAT Writes linear material properties in the database to a file (if the LIB option is not specified) or writes both linear and nonlinear material properties (if LIB is specified) from the database to a file. group: PREP7:Materials product: MP ME ST DY PR EM FL PP ED
Fname
Ext
Filename extension (8 character maximum). If you omit the LIB option, the default extension is MP. If you specify the LIB option, the default extension is units_MPL, where units is the system of units currently in use. (See the description of the /UNITS command.) For example, if /UNITS is set to BIN, the extension defaults to BIN_MPL.
Dir
Directory name (64 characters maximum). If you do not specify the LIB option, the default directory is the current working directory. If you specify LIB and you have specified a material library directory (via the /MPLIB command), that directory is the default. Otherwise, the default is the current working directory.
LIB
The only value allowed for this field is the string "LIB." The LIB option indicates that you wish to have properties associated with the material (MAT) written to the specified material library file using the material library file format. The material library file format is ASCII-text-based ANSYS command input. Certain commands associated with this format have been modified to interpret the string "_MATL" to mean the currently selected material. This feature makes the material library file independent of the material number in effect when the file was written; this enables you to restore the properties into the file://D:\Documents%20and%20Settings\Administrator\Local%20Settings\Temp\~hh... 20.05.2004
M Commands
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ANSYS database using the material number of your choice. The LIB option also enables you to save both linear and nonlinear properties. If you omit the LiB option, you can save linear properties only.
MAT
Specifies the material to be written to the named material library file. There is no default; you must either specify a material or omit the MAT argument. Even if you specify a MAT value, the ANSYS program ignores it if the LIB argument is not specified.
Notes
Writes linear material properties currently in the database to a file. The file is rewound before and after writing. This command is also valid in SOLUTION.
Menu Paths
Main Menu>Preprocessor>Loads>Other>Change Mat Props>Material Library>Export Library Main Menu>Preprocessor>Loads>Other>Change Mat Props>Material Library>Import Library Main Menu>Preprocessor>Loads>Other>Change Mat Props>Material Library>Select Units Main Menu>Preprocessor>Loads>Other>Change Mat Props>Write to File Main Menu>Preprocessor>Material Props>Material Library>Export Library Main Menu>Preprocessor>Material Props>Material Library>Import Library Main Menu>Preprocessor>Material Props>Material Library>Select Units Main Menu>Preprocessor>Material Props>Write to File Main Menu>Solution>Other>Change Mat Props>Material Library>Export Library Main Menu>Solution>Other>Change Mat Props>Material Library>Import Library Main Menu>Solution>Other>Change Mat Props>Material Library>Select Units Main Menu>Solution>Other>Change Mat Props>Write to File
Prev MPTRES Prev /MREP M Commands
Next /MREP Next
/MREP
Name
/MREP , NAME, ARG1, ARG2, ARG3, ARG4, ARG5, ARG6, ARG7, ARG8, ARG9, ARG10, ARG11, ARG12, ARG13, ARG14, ARG15, ARG16, ARG17, ARG18 Enables you to reissue the graphics command macro "name" during a replot or zoom operation.
20.05.2004
M Commands group: GRAPHICS:Set Up product: MP ME ST DY PR EM FL PP ED
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NAME
The name identifying the macro file or macro block on a macro library file. The name can contain up to eight characters maximum and must begin with a letter.
ARG1, ARG2, ARG3, ARG4, ARG5, ARG6, ARG7, ARG8, ARG9, ARG10, ARG11, ARG12, ARG13, ARG14, ARG15, ARG16, ARG17, ARG18
Values to be passed into the file or block.
Notes
This command reissues the graphics command macro "name" during a replot operation [/REPLOT] or a zoom [ZOOM] operation. The ANSYS program passes the command macro arguments to the replot and zoom feature for use by the graphics macro. You should place the /MREP command at the end of the graphics command macro, following the last graphics command within the macro, to enable the replot or zoom feature.
Menu Paths
Prev MPWRITE Prev MSADV M Commands
Next MSADV Next
MSADV
Name
MSADV, SPNUM, MTHA Specifies the approach to discretize the advection term in a species transport equation. group: PREP7:FLOTRAN Multiple Species product: MP FL PP ED
SPNUM
20.05.2004
M Commands Species number, from 1 to 6. Must be specified.

MTHA
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Choice of approach to discretize the advection term: MSU -Monotone Streamline Upwind (MSU) approach. SUPG -Streamline Upwind / Petrov-Galerkin (SUPG) approach (default). COLG -Collocated Galerkin (COLG) approach.
Notes
This command is valid for the multiple species transport option in a FLOTRAN analysis. See the ANSYS, Inc. Theory Reference for more information on the advection term.
Menu Paths
Main Menu>Preprocessor>FLOTRAN Set Up>Multiple Species Main Menu>Solution>FLOTRAN Set Up>Multiple Species
Prev /MREP Prev MSAVE M Commands
Next MSAVE Next
MSAVE
Name
MSAVE, Key Sets the solver memory saving option. This option only applies to the PCG solver. group: SOLUTION:Analysis Options product: MP ME ST PR EM PP ED
Key
Activation key: file://D:\Documents%20and%20Settings\Administrator\Local%20Settings\Temp\~hh... 20.05.2004
M Commands 0 or OFF -Use global assembly for the stiffness matrix of the entire model (default). 1 or ON --
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Use an element-by-element approach when possible to save memory during the solution. In this case, the global stiffness matrix is not assembled; element stiffness is regenerated during iterations.
Notes
The memory saving feature only applies to parts of the model using SOLID92 elements. The following conditions must also be true:
?
The PCG solver has been specified The analysis is static or full transient A portion of the SOLID92 elements have only linear material properties Small strains (NLGEOM,OFF)
Other parts of the model that don't meet the above criteria will be solved using global assembly. This command will result in memory savings of up to 70% over the global assembly approach for the part of the model that meets the criteria. Depending on the processor speed and manufacturer of the computer on which you are running ANSYS, the solution time may increase or decrease when this feature is used. The use of parallel processing is of no benefit with this option.
Menu Paths
Prev MSADV Prev MSCAP M Commands
Next MSCAP Next
MSCAP
Name
MSCAP, SPNUM, Capkey, UPPER, LOWER Activates and controls mass fraction capping for a species. group: PREP7:FLOTRAN Multiple Species
20.05.2004
M Commands product: MP FL PP ED
Page 68 of 96
SPNUM
Species number, from 1 to 6. Must be specified.

Capkey
Key to activate mass fraction capping: OFF -Capping not enforced (default). ON -Capping will be enforced.
UPPER, LOWER
Upper and lower bounds on mass fraction if capping is activated. Default to 1.0 and 0.0 respectively.
Command Default
No mass fraction capping.
Notes
This command is valid for the multiple species transport option in a FLOTRAN analysis.
Menu Paths
Prev MSAVE Prev MSDATA M Commands
Next MSDATA Next
MSDATA
Name
20.05.2004
M Commands MSDATA, ALGEB, UGAS Defines multiple species data applicable to all species. group: PREP7:FLOTRAN Multiple Species product: MP FL PP ED
Page 69 of 96
ALGEB
The algebraic species number whose mass fraction is calculated by subtracting the sum of the mass fractions of all other species from 1.0. This ensures that the sum of the mass fractions of all the species is 1.0. Defaults to 2.
UGAS
The universal gas constant. Defaults to 8314.3 (SI units).
Notes
Menu Paths
Prev MSCAP Prev *MSG M Commands
Next *MSG Next
*MSG
Name
*MSG, Lab, VAL1, VAL2 , VAL3, VAL4, VAL5, VAL6, VAL7, VAL8 Writes an output message via the ANSYS message subroutine. group: APDL:Macro Files product: MP ME ST DY PR EM FL PP ED
Lab
20.05.2004
M Commands Label for output and termination control: INFO -Writes the message with no heading (default). NOTE -Writes the message with a "NOTE" heading. WARN --
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Writes the message with a "WARNING" heading. Also writes the message to the errors file, Jobname.ERR. ERROR -Writes the message with a "ERROR" heading and causes run termination (if batch) at earliest "clean exit" point. Also writes the message to the errors file, Jobname.ERR. FATAL -Writes the message with a "FATAL ERROR" heading and causes run termination immediately. Also writes the message to the errors file, Jobname.ERR. UI -Writes the message with a "NOTE" heading and displays it in the message dialog box. This option is most useful in GUI mode.
VAL1, VAL2, VAL3, VAL4, VAL5, VAL6, VAL7, VAL8
Numeric or alphanumeric character values to be included in message. Values may be the results of parameter evaluations. All numeric values are assumed to be double precision. The FORTRAN nearest integer (NINT) function is used to form integers for the %I specifier.
Notes
Allows writing an output message via the ANSYS message subroutine. Also allows run termination control. This command is used only when contained in a prepared file read into the ANSYS program (i.e., *USE,/INPUT, etc.). A message format must immediately follow the *MSG command (on a separate line, without parentheses, as described below). The message format may be up to 80 characters long, consisting of text strings and predefined "data descriptors" between the strings where numeric or alphanumeric character data are to be inserted. The normal descriptors are %I for integer data, %G for double precision data, %C for alphanumeric character data, and %/ for a line break. The corresponding FORTRAN data descriptors are I9, 1PG16.9 and A8, respectively. Each descriptor must be preceded by a blank. There must be one data descriptor for each specified value (8 maximum) in the order of the specified values. Enhanced descriptions may also be used: %w.pE w is field width
20.05.2004
M Commands %w.pG p is precision %w.pF %% a single percent sign %wC; %wS character string %-wC; %-wS left justify string %wX w blank characters %wI integer format %0wI pad integer with loading zeros rather than blanks %0w.pI w is field width; p is number of characters filled
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Do not begin *MSG format lines with *IF, *ELSE , *ELSEIF , or *ENDIF . If the last non-blank character of the message format is an ampersand (&), a second line will also be read as a continuation of the format. Up to nine continuations (ten total lines) may be read. If normal descriptions are used, then consecutive blanks are condensed into one blank upon output, and a period is appended. Up to ten lines of output of 72 characters each may be produced (using the %/ descriptor). Two examples follow. Here is an example of the *MSG command and a format to print a message with two integer values and one real value:
*MSG, INFO, 'Inner',25,1.2,148 Radius ( %C) = %I, Thick = %G, Length = %I
The output line is:

Radius (Inner) = 25, Thick = 1.2, Length = 148.
Here is an example illustrating multiline displays in GUI message windows:

*MSG,UI,Vcoilrms,THTAv,Icoilrms,THTAi,Papprnt,Pelec,PF,indctnc Coil RMS voltage, RMS current, apparent pwr, actual pwr, pwr factor: %/& Vcoil = %G V (electrical angle = %G DEG) %/& Icoil = %G A (electrical angle = %G DEG) %/& APPARENT POWER = %G W %/& ACTUAL POWER = %G W %/& Power factor: %G %/& Inductance = %G %/& VALUES ARE FOR ENTIRE COIL (NOT JUST THE MODELED SECTOR)
Note
The /UIS,MSGPOP command controls which messages are displayed in the message dialog box when the GUI is active. All messages produced by the *MSG command are subject to the /UIS specification, with one exception, If Lab = UI, the message will be displayed in the dialog box regardless of the /UIS specification. This command is valid in any processor.
Menu Paths
20.05.2004
M Commands Prev MSDATA Prev MSHAPE M Commands
Page 72 of 96 Next MSHAPE Next
MSHAPE
Name
MSHAPE, KEY, Dimension For elements that support multiple shapes, specifies the element shape to be used for meshing. group: PREP7:Meshing product: MP ME ST DY PR EM FL PP ED
KEY
Key indicating the element shape to be used: 0 -Mesh with quadrilateral-shaped elements when Dimension = 2D; mesh with hexahedralshaped elements when Dimension = 3D. 1 -Mesh with triangle-shaped elements when Dimension = 2D; mesh with tetrahedralshaped elements when Dimension = 3D.
Dimension
Specifies the dimension of the model to be meshed: 2D -2-D model (area mesh). 3D -3-D model (volume mesh).
Command Default
Since specification of element shape [MSHAPE ] and meshing type [MSHKEY] are so closely related, the element shape that ANSYS meshes with depends on the combination of the values that are set for the two commands. The table below explains what happens when you fail to specify values for these settings.
20.05.2004
M Commands Your action...
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How it affects the mesh... ANSYS uses quadrilateral-shaped or hexahedral-shaped You issue the MSHAPE command with elements to mesh the model, depending on whether you no arguments. are meshing an area or a volume. You do not specify an element shape, but ANSYS uses the default shape of the element to mesh you do specify the type of meshing to be the model. It uses the type of meshing that you used [MSHKEY]. specified. ANSYS uses the default shape of the element to mesh You specify neither an element shape nor the model. It uses whichever type of meshing is the the type of meshing to be used. default for that shape.
Notes
If no value is specified for Dimension the value of KEY determines the element shape that will be used for both 2-D and 3-D meshing. In other words, if you specify MSHAPE,0, quadrilateral-shaped and hexahedral-shaped elements will be used. If you specify MSHAPE ,1, triangle-shaped and tetrahedral-shaped elements will be used. The MSHAPE, MSHKEY, and MSHMID commands replace the functionality that was provided by the ESHAPE command in ANSYS 5.3 and earlier releases.
Menu Paths
Main Menu>Preprocessor>Mesh>Mapped>4 to 6 sided Main Menu>Preprocessor>Mesher Opts
Prev *MSG Prev MSHCOPY M Commands
Next MSHCOPY Next
MSHCOPY
Name
MSHCOPY, KEYLA, LAPTRN, LACOPY, KCN, DX, DY, DZ, TOL, LOW, HIGH Simplifies the generation of meshes that have matching node element patterns on two different line groups (in 2-D) or area groups (3-D). group: PREP7:Meshing product: MP ME ST DY PR EM FL PP ED
KEYLA
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M Commands Copy line mesh (default) if LINE, 0 or 1. Copy area mesh if AREA, or 2.
LAPTRN
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Meshed line/area to be copied, or a component name containing a list. If LAPTRN = P, graphical picking is enabled (valid only in the GUI).
LACOPY
Unmeshed line/area to get copied mesh, or a component name containg a list. If LACOPY = P, graphical picking is enabled (valid only in the GUI).
KCN
In coordinate system KCN, LAPTRN + DX DY DZ = LACOPY.

DX, DY, DZ
Node location increments in the active coordinate system (DR,D ,D for spherical or toroidal).
TOL
,DZ for cylindrical, DR,D
Tolerance. Defaults to 1.e--4.

LOW
Name of low node component to be defined (optional).

HIGH
Name of high node component to be defined (optional).
Notes
Matching meshes are used for rotational (cyclic) symmetry, or for contact analysis using coupling or node-to-node gap elements. See Using CPCYC and MSHCOPY Commands in the ANSYS Modeling and Meshing Guide for more information.
Menu Paths
Main Menu>Preprocessor>Copy>Area Mesh Main Menu>Preprocessor>Copy>Line Mesh
Prev MSHAPE Prev MSHKEY M Commands
Next MSHKEY Next
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MSHKEY
Name
MSHKEY, KEY Specifies whether free meshing or mapped meshing should be used to mesh a model. group: PREP7:Meshing product: MP ME ST DY PR EM FL PP ED
KEY
Key indicating the type of meshing to be used: 0 -Use free meshing (the default). 1 -Use mapped meshing. 2 -Use mapped meshing if possible; otherwise, use free meshing. If you specify MSHKEY,2, SmartSizing will be inactive even while free meshing non-map-meshable areas.
Command Default
As stated above, free meshing is the default. However, since the MSHKEY and MSHAPE settings are closely related, you should refer to the table in the MSHAPE command description for more information about defaults.
Notes
The MSHKEY, MSHAPE, and MSHMID commands replace the functionality that was provided by the ESHAPE command in ANSYS 5.3 and earlier releases.
Menu Paths
Main Menu>Preprocessor>Mesh>Mapped>3 or 4 sided Main Menu>Preprocessor>Mesh>Mapped>4 to 6 sided Main Menu>Preprocessor>Mesh>Target Surf Main Menu>Preprocessor>Mesher Opts
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M Commands Prev MSHCOPY Prev MSHMID M Commands
Page 76 of 96 Next MSHMID Next
MSHMID
Name
MSHMID, KEY Specifies placement of midside nodes. group: PREP7:Meshing product: MP ME ST DY PR EM FL PP ED
KEY
Key indicating placement of midside nodes: 0 -Midside nodes (if any) of elements on a region boundary follow the curvature of the boundary line or area (the default). 1 -Place midside nodes of all elements so that element edges are straight. Allows coarse mesh along curves. 2 -Do not create midside nodes (elements will have removed midside nodes).
Notes
The MSHMID, MSHAPE , and MSHKEY commands replace the functionality that was provided by the ESHAPE command in ANSYS 5.3 and earlier releases.
Menu Paths
Main Menu>Preprocessor>Mesher Opts
Prev MSHKEY MSHPATTERN
Next MSHPATTERN
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M Commands Prev M Commands
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MSHPATTERN
Name
MSHPATTERN, KEY Specifies pattern to be used for mapped triangle meshing. group: PREP7:Meshing product: MP ME ST DY PR EM FL PP ED
KEY
Key indicating triangle pattern to be used (the figures below illustrate the pattern that will be used for each value of KEY): 0 -Let ANSYS choose the pattern (the default). ANSYS maximizes the minimum angle of the triangular-shaped elements that are created. 1 -Unidirectional split at node I. 2 -Unidirectional split at node J.
Notes
"Mapped triangle meshing" refers to the ANSYS program's ability to take a map-meshable area and
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mesh it with triangular elements, based on the value of MSHPATTERN,KEY This type of meshing is particularly useful for analyses that involve the meshing of rigid contact elements. The MSHPATTERN command is valid only when you have specified that ANSYS use triangleshaped elements [MSHAPE,1,2D] (or you are meshing with an element that supports only triangles), and you have also specified mapped meshing [MSHKEY,1] to mesh an area. For details about mapped meshing with triangles, see Chapter 7 of the ANSYS Modeling and Meshing Guide.
Menu Paths
Main Menu>Preprocessor>Mesher Opts
Prev MSHMID Prev MSMETH M Commands
Next MSMETH Next
MSMETH
Name
MSMETH, SPNUM, KEY Specifies the method of solution of the species transport equations. group: PREP7:FLOTRAN Multiple Species product: MP FL PP ED
SPNUM

KEY
Key defining the method of solution for the specified species number: 0 -No solution of equations for species SPNUM 1 -Tri-Diagonal Matrix Algorithm (TDMA). 2 --
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M Commands Conjugate residual method. 3 -Preconditioned Conjugate Residual method. 4 --
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Preconditioned Generalized Minimum Residual (PGMR) solution method (default). 5 -Sparse Direct method. 6 -Preconditioned BiCGStab method (PBCGM).
Command Default
The Preconditioned Generalized Minimum Residual (PGMR) method is used for all species.
Notes
The Tri-Diagonal Matrix Algorithm (TDMA) method is a special version of the standard GaussSeidel iterative method for the solution of sets of algebraic equations. The number of iterations (sweeps) to be performed is specified with the MSSOLU command. No convergence criterion is required for the TDMA method. Three methods are semi-direct solution methods based on search directions. They are conjugate direction iterative techniques which develop a solution as a linear combination of search directions. The Conjugate Residual method requires the least memory, but stalls when solving ill-conditioned problems. The Preconditioned Conjugate Residual method requires much more memory but performs better for ill-conditioned matrix problems. The PGMR method is memory-intensive; by necessity, it incorporates a tight convergence criterion. The Preconditioned BiCGStab method (PBCGM) requires less memory than the PGMR method and sometimes performs better than the PGMR method. The number of search vectors and the convergence criterion are specified with the MSSOLU command. The Sparse Direct method is based on Gaussian elimination to factorize the matrix. This method is memory intensive and creates temporary files on the hard disk. It is robust and can be used for symmetric as well as non-symmetric equation systems. See the ANSYS CFD Flotran Analysis Guide for additional information on the FLOTRAN Solvers. This command is valid for the multiple species transport option in a FLOTRAN analysis.
Menu Paths
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Prev MSHPATTERN Prev MSMIR M Commands
Next MSMIR Next
MSMIR
Name
MSMIR, SPNUM, Value Sets modified inertial relaxation factors for multiple species. group: PREP7:FLOTRAN Multiple Species product: MP FL PP ED
SPNUM

Value
Modified inertial relaxation factor. Value defaults to 0 (modified inertial relaxation off).
Notes
Value Value
must be a positive real number. A Value between 0.1 and 1.0 is recommended. A larger provides a more robust scheme, but it may yield a slower convergence.
Menu Paths
Prev MSMETH Prev MSNOMF M Commands
Next MSNOMF Next
MSNOMF
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Name
MSNOMF, SPNUM, FRACTION Specifies the initial value of nominal mass fraction for a species. group: PREP7:FLOTRAN Multiple Species product: MP FL PP ED
SPNUM

FRACTION
The initial mass fraction of the entire problem domain for this species. Defaults to 0.0. The sum of the mass fractions for all species should equal 1.0.
Notes
This command is valid for the multiple species transport option in a FLOTRAN analysis and is required if the CMIX option has been activated for a property [FLDATA7 ,PROT, Label,CMIX].
Menu Paths
Prev MSMIR Prev MSPROP M Commands
Next MSPROP Next
MSPROP
Name
MSPROP , SPNUM, Label, Type, NOMINAL, COF1, COF2, COF3 Defines the fluid properties of a species. group: PREP7:FLOTRAN Multiple Species product: MP FL PP ED
M Commands
SPNUM
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Label
Label identifying the property being defined: DENS -Density. VISC -Viscosity. COND -Thermal conductivity. MDIF -Mass diffusion coefficient. SPHT -Specific heat.
Type
Type of property: CONSTANT -Constant property (default). The property does not vary with temperature. LIQUID -Liquid property. Density varies according to a second order polynomial relationship, and all other properties follow Sutherland's law for liquids. GAS -Gas property. Density varies according to the ideal gas law, and all other properties follow Sutherland's law for gases.
NOMINAL
Nominal value of the property being defined. For CONSTANT fluid types, the property remains at this value and does not vary. For GAS and LIQUID property types, this is the value of the property corresponding to the temperature defined by COF1.
COF1
Temperature corresponding to the NOMINAL value of the property (for GAS and LIQUID file://D:\Documents%20and%20Settings\Administrator\Local%20Settings\Temp\~hh... 20.05.2004
M Commands property types only; see Notes section). Not required for Label = SPHT.
COF2, COF3
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Second and third coefficients for temperature variation of the property. Not required for Label = SPHT.
Notes
If the property type is CONSTANT, the equation used is as follows:
Lab
= NOMINAL
If the property type is LIQUID, a second order polynomial relationship is used for density, and Sutherland's law for liquids is used for the other properties: DENS = NOMINAL + COF2*(T-COF1) + COF3*(T-COF1)2 Property = NOMINAL * EXP[ COF2*(1/T-1/COF1) + COF3*(1/T -1COF1) 2] where T is the temperature of the node where the property is being calculated. If the property type is GAS, the ideal gas law is used for density, and Sutherland's law for gases is used for other properties: DENS = NOMINAL * (P/COF2 / (T/COF1) Property = NOMINAL * (T/COF1)1.5 * (COF1 + COF2)/(T + COF2)] where P and T are the pressure and temperature of the node where the property is being calculated. Specific heat is always a CONSTANT. Also, property types ( Type) such as TABLE, USER, POWL, BIN, etc. are not available for individual species. They are valid only for the bulk fluid. If a property type is entered incorrectly (e.g. a misspelling), a CONSTANT property type is assumed and the property is assigned the NOMINAL value. This command is valid for the multiple species transport option in a FLOTRAN analysis.
Menu Paths
Prev MSNOMF Prev MSQUAD M Commands
Next MSQUAD Next
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MSQUAD
Name
MSQUAD, QDIF, QSRC Specifies the quadrature order for multiple species elements. group: PREP7:FLOTRAN Multiple Species product: MP FL PP ED
QDIF
Quadrature order for diffusion term integration: 0 -One-point quadrature (default). 1 -Same as 0, except a distributed value of temperature is used to evaluate temperaturedependent properties. 2 -Two-point quadrature (default for axisymmetric models).
QSRC
Quadrature order for source term integration: 0 -One-point quadrature (default). 1 -Same as 0, except a distributed value of temperature is used to evaluate temperaturedependent properties. 2 -Two-point quadrature (default for axisymmetric models).
Command Default
As described above.
Notes
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Menu Paths
Prev MSPROP Prev MSRELAX M Commands
Next MSRELAX Next
MSRELAX
Name
MSRELAX, SPNUM, CONC, MDIF, EMDI, STAB Specifies relaxation factors for a multiple species transport analysis. group: PREP7:FLOTRAN Multiple Species product: MP FL PP ED
SPNUM

CONC
Species concentration relaxation factor. Defaults to 0.5.

MDIF
Mass diffusion coefficient relaxation factor. Defaults to 0.5.

EMDI
Effective mass diffusion coefficient relaxation factor (used for turbulent flow). Defaults to 0.5.
STAB
Inertial relaxation factor for solution of the transport equation. Defaults to 1.0x10+20.
Command Default
M Commands As described above for each relaxation factor.
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Notes
Menu Paths
Prev MSQUAD Prev MSSOLU M Commands
Next MSSOLU Next
MSSOLU
Name
MSSOLU, SPNUM, NSWEEP, MAXI, NSRCH, CONV, DELMAX Specifies solution options for multiple species transport. group: PREP7:FLOTRAN Multiple Species product: MP FL PP ED
SPNUM

NSWEEP
Number of Tri-Diagonal Matrix Algorithm (TDMA) sweeps. Valid only for the TDMA method [MSMETH]. Defaults to 100.
MAXI
Maximum number of iterations allowed for the semi-direct methods (conjugate residual and preconditioned conjugate residual methods, chosen with the MSMETH command). Defaults to 1000.
NSRCH
Number of search vectors used for the semi-direct methods. Defaults to 2. If you are using the file://D:\Documents%20and%20Settings\Administrator\Local%20Settings\Temp\~hh... 20.05.2004
M Commands
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Preconditioned BiCGStab Method (PBCGM) solver, the number of search directions is 1 to 8, with 2 as the default. New search vectors are made orthogonal to NSRCH previous vectors in the solution of the unsymmetric matrix systems.
CONV
Convergence criterion for the semi-direct methods. It represents the factor by which the inner product of the residual vector is reduced during the solution of the equations at any global iteration. Defaults to 1.0x10-12 . If the convergence criterion has not been achieved, the algebraic solver issues a warning message, and the execution of FLOTRAN continues normally.
DELMAX
Minimum normalized rate of change which will permit the semi-direct solution methods to continue. Used to terminate the semi-direct solvers in the event that stall occurs. Defaults to 1.0x10-9 . If the methods stall, the solver increments the solution only a very small amount despite the fact that the correct solution has been not been achieved (or perhaps even approached). The maximum nodal difference between the solutions, normalized to the value of the variable, is compared to DELMAX, and the solution is terminated if the value is less than DELMAX. Termination of the algebraic solver due to the small rate of change is considered a normal function, and no warning message is printed. Execution of FLOTRAN continues normally.
Command Default
As described above.
Notes
Menu Paths
Prev MSRELAX Prev MSSPEC M Commands
Next MSSPEC Next
MSSPEC
Name
MSSPEC, SPNUM, Name, MOLWT, SCHMIDT Specifies the name, molecular weight, and Schmidt file://D:\Documents%20and%20Settings\Administrator\Local%20Settings\Temp\~hh... 20.05.2004
M Commands number of a species. group: PREP7:FLOTRAN Multiple Species product: MP FL PP ED
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SPNUM

Name
Name to be assigned to the species, up to 4 characters long. Defaults to SP01 for species 1, SP02 for species 2, ..., SP06 for species 6. This name can be used in place of the species number when specifying mass fraction boundary conditions and in postprocessing.
Note
The GUI always shows the default names, not the user-defined names.) Name should not be the same as an existing degree of freedom label.
MOLWT
Molecular weight for the species. Required only for gases (determined by the property type on MSPROP command). Defaults to 29.0.
SCHMIDT
Schmidt number (diffusion term divisor) for the species. Required only for gases (determined by the property type on MSPROP command). Defaults to 1.0.
Notes
Menu Paths
Prev MSSOLU Prev /MSTART M Commands
Next /MSTART Next
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M Commands
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/MSTART
Name
/MSTART, Label, KEY Controls the initial GUI components. group: SESSION:Run Controls product: MP ME ST DY PR EM FL PP ED
Label
Label identifying the GUI component: MAIN -Main menu, on by default (off by default for ANSYS/Professional). INPUT -Input window, on by default (off by default for ANSYS/Professional). GRPH -Graphics window, on by default. TOOL -Toolbar, on by default (off by default for ANSYS/Professional). MTOOL -Mechanical Toolbar, off by default (on by default for ANSYS/Professional). ZOOM -Pan, Zoom, Rotate dialog box, off by default. WORK -Offset Working Plane dialog box, off by default. WPSET -Working Plane Settings dialog box, off by default. ABBR -Edit Toolbar/Abbreviations dialog box, off by default.
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M Commands PARM -Scalar Parmeters dialog box, off by default. SELE -Select Entities dialog box, off by default. ANNO -Annotation dialog box, off by default. HARD -Hard Copy dialog box, off by default.
KEY
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Switch value: OFF or 0 -Component does not appear when GUI is initialized. ON or 1 -Component appears when GUI is initialized.
Command Default
Same as Label defaults.
Notes
Controls which components appear when the Graphical User Interface (GUI) is initially brought up. This command is valid only before the GUI is brought up [/MENU ,ON] and is intended to be used in the START5x.ANS file. It only affects how the GUI is initialized; you can always bring up or close any component once you are in the GUI. This command is valid only at the Begin Level.
Menu Paths
Prev MSSPEC Prev MSTERM M Commands
Next MSTERM Next
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MSTERM
Name
MSTERM, SPNUM, STER, TTER Sets the convergence monitors for species. group: PREP7:FLOTRAN Multiple Species product: MP FL PP ED
SPNUM

STER
Termination criteria for steady-state analysis. Defaults to 1x10 -8 .

TTER
Termination criteria for transient analysis. Defaults to 1x10-6 .
Notes
Repeat command to set each species number as required. All specified criteria must be met before the case is terminated. If a termination criterion for a specific species number is set negative, the termination check is ignored for that particular species. This command is valid for the multiple species transport option in a FLOTRAN analysis.
Menu Paths
Prev /MSTART Prev MSVARY M Commands
Next MSVARY Next
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MSVARY
Name
MSVARY, SPNUM, Lab, Key Allows species properties to vary between global iterations. group: PREP7:FLOTRAN Multiple Species product: MP FL PP ED
SPNUM

Lab
Label identifying the species property: DENS -Density. VISC -Viscosity. COND -Thermal conductivity. MDIF -Mass diffusion coefficient.
Key
Key to allow property variation between global iterations: OFF -Variation not allowed (default). ON -Variation allowed.
Command Default
No property is allowed to vary between global iterations within a load step.
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Notes
Menu Paths
Prev MSTERM Prev *MWRITE M Commands
Next *MWRITE Next
*MWRITE
Name
*MWRITE, ParR, Fname, Ext, Dir, Label, n1, n2, n3 Writes a matrix to a file in a formatted sequence. group: APDL:Array Parameters product: MP ME ST DY PR EM FL PP ED
ParR
The name of the array parameter. See *SET for name restrictions.
Fname
File name (32 characters maximum). If the file name fields are left blank, the default file is the current output file.
Ext

Dir

Label
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M Commands Can use a value of IJK, IKJ, JIK, JKI, KIJ,KJI, or blank (JIK).
n1, n2, n3
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Write as ((( ParR(i,j,k), k = 1,n1), i = 1, n2), j = 1, n3) for Label = KIJ. n1, n2, and n3 default to the corresponding dimensions of the array parameter ParR.
Notes
Writes a matrix or vector to a specified file in a formatted sequence. You can also use the *VWRITE command to write data to a specified file. Both commands contain format descriptors on the line immediately following the command. The format descriptors can be in either Fortran or C format. Fortran format descriptors are enclosed in parentheses. They must immediately follow the *MWRITE command on a separate line of the same input file. The word FORMAT should not be included. The format must specify the number of fields to be written per line, the field width, the placement of the decimal point, etc. There should be one field descriptor for each data item written. The write operation uses the available system FORTRAN FORMAT conventions (see your system FORTRAN manual). Any standard FORTRAN real format (such as (4F6.0), (E10.3,2X,D8.2), etc.) and character format (A) may be used. Integer (I) and list-directed (*) descriptors may not be used. Text may be included in the format as a quoted string. The FORTRAN descriptor must be enclosed in parentheses and the format must not exceed 80 characters (including parentheses). The C format descriptors are used if the first character of the format descriptor line is not a left parenthesis. C format descriptors may be up to 80 characters long, consisting of text strings and predefined "data descriptors" between the strings where numeric or alphanumeric character data are to be inserted. The normal descriptors are %I for integer data, %G for double precision data, %C for alphanumeric character data, and %/ for a line break. Each descriptor must be preceded by a blank. There must be one data descriptor for each specified value in the order of the specified values. The enhanced formats described in *MSG may also be used. The starting array element number must be defined. Looping continues in the directions indicated by the Label argument. The number of loops and loop skipping may also be controlled with the *VLEN and *VMASK commands. These commands work in the N1 direction. The vector specifications *VABS , *VFACT, and *VCUM do not apply to this command. See the *VOPER command for details. If you are in the GUI the *MWRITE command must be contained in an externally prepared file and read into ANSYS (i.e., *USE, /INPUT , etc.). This command is valid in any processor.
Menu Paths
Utility Menu>Parameters>Array Parameters>Write to File
Prev MSVARY Prev MXPAND M Commands
Next MXPAND Next
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MXPAND
Name
MXPAND, NMODE, FREQB, FREQE, Elcalc, SIGNIF Specifies the number of modes to expand and write for a modal or buckling analysis. group: SOLUTION:Dynamic Options SOLUTION:Nonlinear Options product: MP ME ST PR PP ED
NMODE
Number of modes to expand and write. If blank, expand and write all modes within the frequency range specified.
FREQB
Beginning, or lower end, of frequency range of interest. If FREQB and FREQE are both blank, expand and write the number of modes specified without regard to the frequency range. Defaults to the entire range.
FREQE
Ending, or upper end, of frequency range of interest.

Elcalc
Element calculation key: NO -Do not calculate element results and reaction forces (default). YES -Calculate element results and reaction forces, as well as the nodal degree of freedom solution..
SIGNIF
Expand only those modes whose significance level exceeds the SIGNIF threshold. The significance level of a mode is defined as the mode coefficient of the mode, divided by the maximum mode coefficient of all modes. Any mode whose significance level is less than SIGNIF is considered insignificant and is not expanded. The higher the SIGNIF threshold, the fewer the number of modes expanded. SIGNIF defaults to 0.001. If SIGNIF is specified as 0.0, it is taken as 0.0. SIGNIF value is only used for single-point or DDAM response (SPOPT ,SPRS or DDAM) analyses.
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Command Default
Do not expand any modes.
Notes
Specifies the number of modes to expand and write over a frequency range for a modal (ANTYPE,MODAL) or buckling (ANTYPE,BUCKLE) analysis. For reduced analyses, an expansion is required. If used in SOLUTION, this command is valid only within the first load step. This command is also valid in PREP7.
Menu Paths
Main Menu>Preprocessor>Loads>ExpansionPass>Expand Modes Main Menu>Preprocessor>Loads>Analysis Options Main Menu>Solution>ExpansionPass>Expand Modes Main Menu>Solution>Analysis Options
Prev *MWRITE
Next N Commands
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N Commands N Commands ANSYS Commands Reference
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Prev
Next
N Commands
Table of Contents N NANG NCNV NDELE NDIST NDSURF NEQIT /NERR NFORCE NGEN NKPT NLGEOM NLIST NLOG NLOPT NMODIF NOCOLOR NODES /NOERASE /NOLIST NOOFFSET NOORDER /NOPR NORA NORL /NORMAL NPLOT NPRINT NREAD NREFINE NRLSUM NROPT NROTAT NRRANG NSCALE NSEL NSLA NSLE NSLK NSLL NSLV NSMOOTH NSOL
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N Commands NSORT NSTORE NSUBST NSVR NSYM /NUMBER NUMCMP NUMEXP NUMMRG NUMOFF NUMSTR NUMVAR NUSORT NWPAVE NWPLAN NWRITE
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Prev MXPAND Prev N N Commands
Next N Next
N
Name
N, NODE, X, Y, Z, THXY, THYZ, THZX Defines a node. group: PREP7:Nodes product: MP ME ST DY PR EM FL PP ED
NODE
Node number to be assigned. A previously defined node of the same number will be redefined. Defaults to the maximum node number used +1.
X, Y, Z
Node location in the active coordinate system (R, ,Z for cylindrical, R, , for spherical or toroidal). If X = P, graphical picking is enabled and all remaining command fields are ignored (valid only in the GUI).
THXY
First rotation about nodal Z (positive X toward Y).
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N Commands
THYZ
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Second rotation about nodal X (positive Y toward Z).

THZX
Third rotation about nodal Y (positive Z toward X).
Notes
Defines a node in the active coordinate system [CSYS]. The nodal coordinate system is parallel to the global Cartesian system unless rotated. Rotation angles are in degrees and redefine any previous rotation angles. See the NMODIF, NANG, and NROTAT commands for other rotation options.
Menu Paths
Main Menu>Preprocessor>Create>Nodes>In Active CS Main Menu>Preprocessor>Create>Nodes>On Working Plane
Prev N Commands Prev NANG N Commands
Next NANG Next
NANG
Name
NANG, NODE, X1, X2, X3, Y1, Y2, Y3, Z1, Z2, Z3 Rotates a nodal coordinate system by direction cosines. group: PREP7:Nodes product: MP ME ST DY PR EM PP ED
NODE
Rotate coordinate system of this node.

X1, X2, X3
Global X, Y, Z components of a unit vector in new nodal X direction.

Y1, Y2, Y3
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N Commands Global X, Y, Z components of a unit vector in new nodal Y direction.

Z1, Z2, Z3
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Global X, Y, Z components of a unit vector in new nodal Z direction.
Notes
Rotates a nodal coordinate system to the orientation specified by the X, Y and Z direction cosines. Existing rotation specifications on the node are redefined. If only two of the three unit vectors are specified, the third is defined according to the right hand rule. It is the responsibility of the user to ensure that input direction cosines are orthogonal in a right-handed system.
Menu Paths
Main Menu>Preprocessor>Create>Nodes>By Vectors Main Menu>Preprocessor>Move / Modify>By Vectors
Prev N Prev NCNV N Commands
Next NCNV Next
NCNV
Name
NCNV, KSTOP, DLIM, ITLIM, ETLIM, CPLIM Sets the key to terminate an analysis. group: SOLUTION:Nonlinear Options product: MP ME ST PR EM PP ED
KSTOP
Program behavior upon nonconvergence: 0 -Do not terminate the analysis if the solution fails to converge. 1 -Terminate the analysis and the program execution if the solution fails to converge (default).
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N Commands 2 --
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Terminate the analysis, but not the program execution, if the solution fails to converge.
DLIM
Terminates program execution if the largest nodal DOF solution value (displacement, temperature, etc.) exceeds this limit. Defaults to 1.0E6 for all DOF except MAG and A and FLOTRAN DOF. Defaults to 1.0E10 for MAG and A. Defaults to 1.0E20 for the FLOTRAN VX, VY, VZ, PRES, and TEMP DOF. Does not apply to the FLOTRAN ENKE and ENDS DOF.
ITLIM
Terminates program execution if the cumulative iteration number exceeds this limit (defaults to infinity).
ETLIM
Terminates program execution if the elapsed time (seconds) exceeds this limit (defaults to infinity).
CPLIM
Terminates program execution if the CPU time (seconds) exceeds this limit (defaults to infinity).
Command Default
As described for each argument above.
Notes
Sets the key to terminate an analysis if not converged, or if any of the following limits are exceeded for nonlinear and full transient analyses: DOF (displacement), cumulative iteration, elapsed time, or cpu time limit. Applies only to static and transient analyses (ANTYPE,STATIC and ANTYPE,TRANS), and FLOTRAN analyses. Time limit checks are made at the end of each equilibrium iteration. This command is ignored during an optimization run. This command is also valid in PREP7.
Menu Paths
Prev NANG Prev NDELE N Commands
Next NDELE Next
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NDELE
Name
NDELE, NODE1, NODE2, NINC Deletes nodes. group: PREP7:Nodes product: MP ME ST DY PR EM FL PP ED
NODE1, NODE2, NINC
Delete nodes from NODE1 to NODE2 (defaults to NODE1) in steps of NINC (defaults to 1). If NODE1 = ALL, NODE2 and NINC are ignored and all selected nodes [NSEL] are deleted. If NODE1 = P, graphical picking is enabled and all remaining command fields are ignored (valid only in the GUI). A component name may also be substituted for NODE1.
Notes
Deletes selected nodes that are not connected to elements. Nodes may also be redefined instead of deleted, if desired. Boundary conditions (displacements, forces, etc.) as well as any coupling or constraint equations containing the deleted nodes are also deleted.
Menu Paths
Main Menu>Preprocessor>Create>Circuit>Delete Elements Main Menu>Preprocessor>Delete>Nodes
Prev NCNV Prev NDIST N Commands
Next NDIST Next
NDIST
Name
NDIST, ND1, ND2 Calculates and lists the distance between two nodes. group: PREP7:Nodes product: MP ME ST DY PR EM FL PP ED
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ND1
First node in distance calculation. If ND1 = P, graphical picking is enabled and all remaining command fields are ignored (valid only in the GUI).
ND2
Second node in distance calculation.
Notes
NDIST lists the distance between nodes ND1 and ND2 , as well as the current coordinate system offsets from ND1 to ND2, where the X, Y, and Z locations of ND1 are subtracted from the X, Y, and Z locations of ND2 (respectively) to determine the offsets. NDIST is valid in any coordinate system except toroidal [CSYS,3]. NDIST returns a variable, called "_RETURN," which contains the distance value. You can use this value for various purposes, such as the calculation of distributed loads.
Menu Paths
Main Menu>Preprocessor>Check Geom>ND distances
Prev NDELE Prev NDSURF N Commands
Next NDSURF Next
NDSURF
Name
NDSURF, Snode, Telem, DIMN Generates surface elements overlaid on the edge of existing elements and assigns the extra node as the closest fluid element node. group: PREP7:Elements product: MP ME PR ED
Snode
Component name for the surface nodes of the solid elements.
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Telem
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Component name for the target fluid elements.

DIMN
Model dimensionality: 2 -2-D model. 3 -3-D model.
Notes
This command macro is used to generate surface effect elements (SURF151 or SURF152) overlaid on the surface of existing plane or solid elements and, based on proximity, to determine and assign the extra node (FLUID116) for each surface element. The surface nodes of the plane or solid elements must be grouped into a node component and the fluid elements must be grouped into an element component and named using the CM command. The names must be enclosed in single quotes (e.g., 'NOD') when the NDSURF command is manually typed in. When using the GUI method, node and element components are created through the picking dialog boxes associated with this command. The macro is applicable for the SURF151, SURF152, and FLUID116 element types.
Menu Paths
Main Menu>Preprocessor>Create>Elements>Surf Effect>Area to Fluid Main Menu>Preprocessor>Create>Elements>Surf Effect>Line to Fluid Main Menu>Preprocessor>Create>Elements>Surf Effect>Node to Fluid
Prev NDIST Prev NEQIT N Commands
Next NEQIT Next
NEQIT
Name
NEQIT , NEQIT Specifies the maximum number of equilibrium iterations for nonlinear analyses.
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N Commands group: SOLUTION:Nonlinear Options product: MP ME ST PR EM PP ED
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NEQIT
Maximum number of equilibrium iterations allowed each substep.
Command Default
When SOLCONTROL,ON, NEQIT is set between 15 and 26 depending on the physics of the problem. When SOLCONTROL,OFF, NEQIT defaults to 25 for all cases.
Notes
See the description of SOLCONTROL for a complete listing of the defaults set by SOLCONTROL,ON and SOLCONTROL,OFF. This command is also valid in PREP7.
Menu Paths
Main Menu>Preprocessor>Loads>Nonlinear>Equilibrium Iter Main Menu>Solution>Nonlinear>Equilibrium Iter Main Menu>Solution>Sol'n Controls
Prev NDSURF Prev /NERR N Commands
Next /NERR Next
/NERR
Name
/NERR, NMERR, NMABT, IFKEY Limits the number of warning and error messages displayed. group: SESSION:Run Controls product: MP ME ST DY PR EM FL PP ED
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NMERR
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Maximum number of warning and error messages displayed per command. Defaults to 5 for interactive runs with the GUI turned on, 20 for interactive runs with the GUI turned off, 200 for batch runs. If NMERR is negative, the absolute value of NMERR is used as the maximum number of warning and error messages written to the error file (file.ERR) per command, as well as the maximum number of messages displayed per command.
NMABT
Maximum number of warning and error messages allowed per command in an interactive run before run aborts (must be greater than zero). Maximum value is 2 31 . Defaults to 10,000.
IFKEY
Specifies whether or not to abort if an error occurs during a /INPUT operation: 0 or OFF -Do not abort. This option is the default. 1 or ON -Abort.
Command Default
As described above.
Notes
Limits the number of warning and error messages displayed for any one command in an interactive run. Warning and error messages continue to be written to Jobname.ERR regardless of these limits (unless NMERR is negative). A batch run always aborts on the first error. Issue /NERR,STAT to list current settings. Issue /NERR,DEFA to reset values to initial defaults. An IFKEY value of 1 or ON causes the ANSYS program to abort immediately upon encountering an error during a file /INPUT operation. However, use of this option may cause the following conditions to occur:
?
The /INPUT command may abort if issued for a log file ( jobname.log). Some macros may abort. ANSYS Connection may fail after reading only a small portion of a CAD model.
The command is valid in any processor.
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Menu Paths
Utility Menu>MenuCtrls>Message Controls
Prev NEQIT Prev NFORCE N Commands
Next NFORCE Next
NFORCE
Name
NFORCE , ITEM Sums the nodal forces and moments of elements attached to nodes. group: POST1:Special Purpose product: MP ME ST PR EM PP ED
Argument Description
ITEM Specifices the selected set of nodes for summing forces and moments for contact elements. blank -Sums the nodal forces of elements for all selected nodes and excludes contact elements (elements 169-174).
CONT
-Sums the nodal forces of elements for contact nodes only.
Notes
Sums and prints, in each component direction for each selected node, the nodal force and moment contributions of the selected elements attached to the node. If all elements are selected, the sums are usually zero except where constraints or loads are applied. The nodal forces and moments may be displayed [/PBC,FORC and /PBC,MOME]. Use PRESOL to print nodal forces and moments on an element-by-element basis. You can use the FORCE command to specify which component (static, damping, inertia, or total) of the nodal load is to be used. Nodal forces associated with surface loads are not included. This vector sum is printed in the global Cartesian system. Moment summations are about the global origin unless another point is specified with the SPOINT command. The summations for each node are printed in the global Cartesian system unless transformed [RSYS]. This command is generally
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not applicable to axisymmetric models because moment information from the NFORCE command is not correct for axisymmetric elements. Selecting a subset of elements [ESEL] and then issuing this command will give the forces and moments required to maintain equilibrium of that set of elements. The effects of nodal coupling and constraint equations are ignored. The option ITEM=CONT provides the forces and moments for the contact elements (surface-to-surface only for CONTA171-174). This command also includes the FSUM command function which vectorially sums and prints, in each component direction for the total selected node set, the nodal force and moment contributions of the selected elements attached to the selected node set.
Menu Paths
Main Menu>General Postproc>Nodal Calcs>Sum @ Each Node
Prev /NERR Prev NGEN N Commands
Next NGEN Next
NGEN
Name
NGEN, ITIME, INC, NODE1, NODE2, NINC, DX, DY, DZ, SPACE Generates additional nodes from a pattern of nodes. group: PREP7:Nodes product: MP ME ST DY PR EM FL PP ED
ITIME, INC
Do this generation operation a total of ITIME times, incrementing all nodes in the given pattern by INC each time after the first. ITIME must be > 1 for generation to occur.
NODE1, NODE2, NINC
Generate nodes from the pattern of nodes beginning with NODE1 to NODE2 (defaults to NODE1) in steps of NINC (defaults to 1). If NODE1 = ALL, NODE2 and NINC are ignored and the pattern is all selected nodes [NSEL]. If NODE1 = P, graphical picking is enabled and all remaining command fields are ignored (valid only in the GUI). A component name may also be substituted for NODE1 (NODE2 and NINC are ignored).
DX, DY, DZ
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N Commands Node location increments in the active coordinate system (DR,D ,D for spherical or toroidal).
SPACE
Page 13 of 78 ,DZ for cylindrical, DR,D
Note
The average spacing ratio remains 1.0, such that the location of the last generated set will be the same regardless of SPACE. SPACE only serves to skew the position of the nodes between the pattern set and the last set.
Notes
Generates additional nodes from a given node pattern. Generation is done in the active coordinate system. Nodes in the pattern may have been generated in any coordinate system.
Menu Paths
Main Menu>Preprocessor>Copy>Copy
Prev NFORCE Prev NKPT N Commands
Next NKPT Next
NKPT
Name
NKPT, NODE, NPT Defines a node at an existing keypoint location. group: PREP7:Nodes product: MP ME ST DY PR EM FL PP ED
NODE
Arbitrary reference number for node. If zero or blank, defaults to the highest node number +1 [NUMSTR ].
NPT
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Keypoint number defining global X, Y, Z location. If NPT = All, then a node will be placed at each selected keypoint. If NPT = P, graphical picking is enabled and all remaining command fields are ignored (valid only in the GUI). A component name may also be substituted for NPT.
Menu Paths
Main Menu>Preprocessor>Create>Nodes>On Keypoint
Prev NGEN Prev NLGEOM N Commands
Next NLGEOM Next
NLGEOM
Name
NLGEOM, Key Includes large deformation effects in a static or full transient analysis. group: SOLUTION:Nonlinear Options product: MP ME ST PR PP ED
Key
Large deformation key: OFF -Large deformation effects are ignored, i.e., small deflection analysis (default). ON -Large deformation effects are to be included (large deflection, large rotation, and/or large strain, depending on the element type).
Command Default
Large deformation effects are ignored.
Notes
Large deformation effects are categorized as either large deflection (or large rotation) or large strain, depending on the element type. These are listed (if available) under "Special Features" in the input data table for each element type in the ANSYS Elements Reference. If used in SOLUTION, this command is valid only within the first load step. file://D:\Documents%20and%20Settings\Administrator\Local%20Settings\Temp\~hh... 20.05.2004
N Commands This command is also valid in PREP7.
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In ANSYS/Professional, large deformation effects should not be turned on if 2-D solid (PLANE n) or 3-D solid (SOLID n) elements are defined.
Menu Paths
Prev NKPT Prev NLIST N Commands
Next NLIST Next
NLIST
Name
NLIST, NODE1, NODE2, NINC, Lcoord, SORT1, SORT2, SORT3 Lists nodes. group: PREP7:Nodes product: MP ME ST DY PR EM FL PP ED
NODE1, NODE2, NINC
List nodes from NODE1 to NODE2 (defaults to NODE1) in steps of NINC (defaults to 1). If NODE1 = ALL (default), NODE2 and NINC are ignored and all selected nodes [NSEL] are listed. If NODE1 = P, graphical picking is enabled and all remaining command fields are ignored (valid only in the GUI). A component name may also be substituted for NODE1 (NODE2 and NINC are ignored).
Lcoord
Coordinate listing key: (blank) -List all nodal information COORD -Suppress all but the XYZ coordinates (shown to a higher degree of accuracy than when displayed with all information).
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SORT1
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First item on which to sort. Valid item names are NODE, X, Y, Z, THXY, THYZ, THXZ
SORT2, SORT3
Second and third items on which to sort. Valid item names are the same as for SORT1.
Notes
Lists nodes in the active display coordinate system [DSYS]. Nodal coordinate rotation angles are also listed (relative to the global Cartesian coordinate system). Node listing can be in a sorted order (ascending). SORT2, for example, will be carried out on nodes having equal values of SORT1. This command is valid in any processor.
Menu Paths
Main Menu>General Postproc>List Results>Sort Nodes Utility Menu>List>Nodes
Prev NLGEOM Prev NLOG N Commands
Next NLOG Next
NLOG
Name
NLOG, IR, IA, --, --, Name, --, --, FACTA, FACTB Forms the natural log of a variable. group: POST26:Operations product: MP ME ST DY PR EM FL PP ED
IR
IA
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N Commands Reference number of the variable to be operated on.

--, --
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Unused fields.
Name
Thirty-two character name identifying the variable on printouts and displays. Embedded blanks are compressed for output.
--, --
Unused fields.
FACTA

FACTB
Notes
Forms the natural log of a variable according to the operation:
IR
= FACTB*LN(FACTA x IA)
Menu Paths
Main Menu>TimeHist Postpro>Math Operations>Natural Log
Prev NLIST Prev NLOPT N Commands
Next NLOPT Next
NLOPT
Name
NLOPT Specifies "Nonlinear analysis options" as the subsequent status topic. group: SOLUTION:Status product: MP ME ST DY PR EM FL PP ED
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Notes
Menu Paths
Utility Menu>List>Status>Solution>Nonlinear Options
Prev NLOG Prev NMODIF N Commands
Next NMODIF Next
NMODIF
Name
NMODIF, NODE, X, Y, Z, THXY, THYZ, THZX Modifies an existing node. group: PREP7:Nodes product: MP ME ST DY PR EM FL PP ED
NODE
Modify coordinates of this node. If ALL, modify coordinates of all selected nodes [NSEL]. If NODE = P, graphical picking is enabled and all remaining command fields are ignored (valid only in the GUI). A component name may also be substituted for NODE.
X, Y, Z
Replace the previous coordinate values assigned to this node with these corresponding coordinate values. Values are interpreted in the active coordinate system (R, ,Z for cylindrical; R, , for spherical or toroidal). A blank retains the previous value.
THXY
First rotation of nodal coordinate system about nodal Z (positive X toward Y).
THYZ
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N Commands Second rotation of nodal coordinate system about nodal X (positive Y toward Z).
THZX
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Third rotation of nodal coordinate system about nodal Y (positive Z toward X).
Notes
Modifies an existing node. Nodal coordinate system rotation angles are in degrees and redefine any existing rotation angles. Nodes can also be redefined with the N command.
Menu Paths
Main Menu>Preprocessor>Create>Nodes>By Angles Main Menu>Preprocessor>Move / Modify>By Angles Main Menu>Preprocessor>Move / Modify>Set of Nodes Main Menu>Preprocessor>Move / Modify>Single Node
Prev NLOPT Prev NOCOLOR N Commands
Next NOCOLOR Next
NOCOLOR
Name
NOCOLOR, KEY Removes color from graphics displays. group: DISPLAY:Set Up product: MP ME ST DY PR EM FL PP ED
KEY
Color key: 0 -Color the displays. 1 -Do not color the displays.
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N Commands 2 -Do not shade the displays.
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Command Default
Color graphics displays (device dependent).
Menu Paths
Prev NMODIF Prev NODES N Commands
Next NODES Next
NODES
Name
NODES Specifies "Nodes" as the subsequent status topic. group: PREP7:Status product: MP ME ST DY PR EM FL PP ED
Notes
Menu Paths
Utility Menu>List>Status>Preprocessor>Nodes
Prev NOCOLOR Prev /NOERASE N Commands
Next /NOERASE Next
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/NOERASE
Name
/NOERASE Prevents the screen erase between displays. group: GRAPHICS:Set Up product: MP ME ST DY PR EM FL PP ED
Command Default
Issue the command with no arguments to prevent automatic screen erase before creating the next display.
Notes
Preventing the normal screen erase between requested displays allows you to overlay multiple views. Clearing the screen with the /ERASEcommand (Utility Menu>PlotCtrls>Erase Options>Erase screen) active simply clears the display area. Subsequent replots will provide the cumulative plots previously generated by the /NOERASE command. Use the /ERASE command to reactivate automatic screen erase. For 3D devices (/SHOW,3D), the model in all active windows will be the same, even if you issue a different display command (NPLOT, EPLOT, etc.) for each active window. Use the Multi-Plot command (GPLOT) to display different entities, in different windows, on 3D devices. This command is valid in any processor.
Menu Paths
Utility Menu>PlotCtrls>Erase Options>Erase between Plots
Prev NODES Prev /NOLIST N Commands
Next /NOLIST Next
/NOLIST
Name
/NOLIST Suppresses the data input listing.
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N Commands group: SESSION:List Controls product: MP ME ST DY PR EM FL PP ED
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Command Default
Issue the command with no arguments to suppress the data input listing.
Notes
Printout is suppressed until a /GOLIST command is read or the end of the listing is encountered. This command is valid in any processor, but only within a batch run [/BATCH ].
Menu Paths
Prev /NOERASE Prev NOOFFSET N Commands
Next NOOFFSET Next
NOOFFSET
Name
NOOFFSET, Label Prevents the CDREAD command from offsetting specified data items group: PREP7:Database product: MP ME ST DY PR EM FL PP ED
Label
Specifies items not to be offset. NODE -Node numbers ELEM -Node numbers KP -file://D:\Documents%20and%20Settings\Administrator\Local%20Settings\Temp\~hh... 20.05.2004
N Commands Element numbers LINE -Keypoint numbers AREA -Area numbers VOLU -Volume numbers MAT -Material numbers TYPE -Element type numbers REAL -Real constant numbers CSYS -Coordinate system numbers SECN -Section numbers CP -Coupled set numbers CE -Constraint equation numbers CLEAR -All items will be offset STATUS -Shows which items are specified notto be offset.
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Notes
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The NOOFFSET command specifies data items not to be offset by a set of data read from a CDREAD command.
Menu Paths
Prev /NOLIST Prev NOORDER N Commands
Next NOORDER Next
NOORDER
Name
NOORDER, Lab Re-establishes the original element ordering. group: PREP7:Element Reordering product: MP ME ST PR EM PP ED
Lab
Turns element re-ordering on or off. ON (or blank) -Re-establishes original element ordering (default). OFF -Original ordering is not used and program establishes its own ordering at the beginning of the solution phase.
Notes
If Lab = ON, the original element ordering is re-established and no automatic reordering occurs at the beginning of the solution phase. Use Lab = OFF only to remove the effect of a previous NOORDER command. This command affects only those elements that were defined up to the point that this command is issued. See the WSORT and WAVES commands for reordering.
Menu Paths
Main Menu>Preprocessor>Numbering Ctrls>Element Reorder>Reset Elem Order
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Prev NOOFFSET Prev /NOPR N Commands
Next /NOPR Next
/NOPR
Name
/NOPR Suppresses the expanded interpreted input data listing. group: SESSION:List Controls product: MP ME ST DY PR EM FL PP ED
Command Default
Issuing this command with no arguments suppresses the interpretted data input print out.
Notes
Suppresses printout of interpreted input data, including information labeled as "Notes." When this printout is not suppressed, the data input to the analysis is echoed to the output file in an expanded format. Printout is suppressed until a /GOPR or /GO command is read. Use of /NOPR is not recommended when the graphical user interface (GUI) is active. The GUI sometimes issues "hidden" /NOPR and /GOPR command sequences, which will countermand userissued /NOPR commands, thus making the use of /NOPR in the GUI environment unpredictable. This command is valid in any processor.
Menu Paths
Main Menu>Preprocessor>Delete>Pre-tens Elemnts Main Menu>Preprocessor>Coupling / Ceqn>Rigid Region Main Menu>Preprocessor>LS-DYNA Options>Loading Options>Smooth Data Main Menu>Preprocessor>Loads>Delete>Section Main Menu>Preprocessor>Loads>Settings>Smooth Data Main Menu>Solution>Delete>Section Main Menu>Solution>Settings>Smooth Data Main Menu>Solution>Loading Options>Smooth Data Main Menu>Solution>Time Controls>Time Step Prediction Main Menu>TimeHist Postpro>Smooth Data
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N Commands Prev NOORDER Prev NORA N Commands
Page 26 of 78 Next NORA Next
NORA
Name
NORA, AREA, NDIR Rotates nodal coordinate systems to surface normal group: PREP7:Nodes product: MP ME ST DY PR EM FL PP ED
AREA The area number containing the nodes to be rotated to their normals. If ALL, applies to all selected areas (see the ASEL command). If AREA=P, graphical picking is enabled. NDIR Direction of the normal. If NDIR=-1, the nodal coordinate system is rotated in the opposite direction of the surface normal. The default is the same direction as the surface normal.
Notes
The NORA command rotates the X-axis of the nodal coordinate system to the surface normal. The rotated nodal coordinate systems may be displayed through the /PSYMB command. In case multiple areas are selected, there could be conflicts at the boundaries. If a node belongs to two areas that have a different normal, its nodal coordinate system will be rotated to the area normal with the lowest number. You can use the AREVERSE and ANORM commands to rotate the surface normals in the appropriate direction. Keep the following in mind when using the NORA command:
?
If the nodal coordinate system is parallel to the global Cartesian system, it is not displayed through the /PSYMB command. Previously specified rotation on the selected nodes are overridden.
Menu Paths
Main Menu>Preprocessor>Move / Modify>To Surf Norm>On Areas
Prev /NOPR
Next NORL
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N Commands NORL N Commands
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Prev
Next
NORL
Name
NORL, LINE, AREA, NDIR Rotates nodal coordinate systems perpendicular to line normal group: PREP7:Nodes product: MP ME ST DY PR EM FL PP ED
LINE Line number containing the nodes to be rotated. If ALL, applies to all selected lines (see the LSEL command). If LINE=P, graphical picking is enabled. AREA The area number containing the selected lines. The normal of the line(s) selected is supposed to lie on this area. Defaults to the lowest numbered selected area containing the line number. NDIR Direction of the normal. If NDIR=-1, the nodal coordinate system is rotated in the opposite direction of the line normal. The default is the same direction as the surface normal.
Notes
The NORL command rotates the X-axis of the nodal coordinate perpendicular to the line normal. The rotated nodal coordinate systems may be displayed through the /PSYMB command. In case multiple lines are selected, there could be conflicts at the boundaries. If a node belongs to two lines that have a different normal, its nodal coordinate system will be rotated to the line normal with the lowest number. Keep the following in mind when using the NORL command:
?
If the nodal coordinate system is parallel to the global Cartesian system, it is not displayed through the /PSYMB command. Previously specified rotation on the selected nodes are overridden.
Menu Paths
Main Menu>Preprocessor>Move / Modify>To Surf Norm>with Area Main Menu>Preprocessor>Move / Modify>To Surf Norm>On Lines
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Prev NORA Prev /NORMAL N Commands
Next /NORMAL Next
/NORMAL
Name
/NORMAL, WN, KEY Allows displaying area elements by top or bottom faces. group: GRAPHICS:Style product: MP ME ST DY PR EM FL PP ED
WN

KEY
Display key: 0 -No face distinction. 1 -Show only area elements having their positive normals directed toward the viewing point. -1 -Show only area elements having their positive normals directed away from the viewing point.
Command Default
Do not distinguish between top face and bottom face elements.
Notes
/NORMAL allows you to select area elements and area plots by the top or bottom faces. It is useful for checking the normal directions on shell elements. The positive normal (element Z direction) is defined by the right-hand rule following the node I, J, K, L input direction. This command is
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available only with raster or hidden-line displays, for WIN32 or X11 (2D) displays only. This command is valid in any processor.
Menu Paths
Utility Menu>PlotCtrls>Style>Shell Normals
Prev NORL Prev NPLOT N Commands
Next NPLOT Next
NPLOT
Name
NPLOT, KNUM Displays nodes. group: PREP7:Nodes product: MP ME ST DY PR EM FL PP ED
KNUM
Node number key: 0 -No node numbers on display. 1 -Include node numbers on display. See also /PNUM command.
Notes
Produces a node display. Only selected nodes [NSEL] are displayed. Elements need not be defined. See the DSYS command for display coordinate system. This command is valid in any processor.
Menu Paths
Main Menu>Preprocessor>Move / Modify>To Surf Norm>with Area
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N Commands Main Menu>Preprocessor>Move / Modify>To Surf Norm>On Areas Main Menu>Preprocessor>Move / Modify>To Surf Norm>On Lines Utility Menu>Plot>Nodes
Page 30 of 78
Prev /NORMAL Prev NPRINT N Commands
Next NPRINT Next
NPRINT
Name
NPRINT, N Defines which time points stored are to be listed. group: POST26:Listing product: MP ME ST DY PR EM FL PP ED
N
List data associated with every N time (or frequency) point(s), beginning with the first point stored (defaults to 1).
Command Default
List all stored points.
Notes
Defines which time (or frequency) points within the range stored are to be listed.
Menu Paths
Prev NPLOT Prev NREAD N Commands
Next NREAD Next
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NREAD
Name
NREAD, Fname, Ext, Dir Reads nodes from a file. group: PREP7:Nodes product: MP ME ST DY PR EM FL PP ED
Fname
Ext
Filename extension (8 character maximum). The extension defaults to NODE if Fname is blank.
Dir
Notes
The read operation is not necessary in a standard ANSYS run but is provided as a convenience to users wanting to read a coded node file, such as from another mesh generator or from a CAD/CAM program. Data should be formatted as produced with the NWRITE command. The element types [ET] must be defined before the file is read so that the file may be read properly. Only nodes that are within the node range specified with the NRRANG command are read from the file. Duplicate nodes already in the database will be overwritten. The file is rewound before and after reading. Reading continues until the end of the file.
Menu Paths
Main Menu>Preprocessor>Create>Nodes>Read Node File
Prev NPRINT Prev NREFINE N Commands
Next NREFINE Next
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NREFINE
Name
NREFINE, NN1, NN2, NINC, LEVEL, DEPTH, POST, RETAIN Refines the mesh around specified nodes. group: PREP7:Meshing product: MP ME ST DY PR EM FL PP ED
NN1, NN2, NINC
Nodes ( NN1 to NN2 in increments of NINC) around which the mesh is to be refined. NN2 defaults to NN1, and NINC defaults to 1. If NN1 = ALL, NN2 and NINC are ignored and all selected nodes are used for refinement. If NN1 = P, graphical picking is enabled and all remaining command fields are ignored (valid only in the GUI). A component name may also be substituted for NN1 (NN2 and NINC are ignored).
LEVEL
DEPTH
Depth of mesh refinement in terms of number of elements outward from the indicated nodes (defaults to1).
POST
RETAIN
Flag indicating whether quadrilateral elements must be retained in the refinement of an allfile://D:\Documents%20and%20Settings\Administrator\Local%20Settings\Temp\~hh... 20.05.2004
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quadrilateral mesh. (The ANSYS program ignores the RETAIN argument when you are refining anything other than a quadrilateral mesh.) ON -The final mesh will be composed entirely of quadrilateral elements, regardless of the element quality (default). OFF -The final mesh may include some triangular elements in order to maintain element quality and provide transitioning.
Notes
NREFINE performs local mesh refinement around the specified nodes. By default, the indicated elements are split to create new elements with 1/2 the edge length of the original elements ( LEVEL = 1). NREFINE refines all area elements and tetrahedral volume elements that are adjacent to the specified nodes. Any volume elements that are adjacent to the specified nodes, but are not tetrahedra (for example, hexahedra, wedges, and pyramids), are not refined. You cannot use mesh refinement on a solid model that contains initial conditions at nodes [IC], coupled nodes [CP family of commands], constraint equations [CE family of commands], or boundary conditions or loads applied directly to any of its nodes or elements. This applies to nodes and elements anywhere in the model, not just in the region where you want to request mesh refinement. For additional restrictions on mesh refinement, see Revising Your Model in the ANSYS Modeling and Meshing Guide.
Menu Paths
Main Menu>Preprocessor>Modify Mesh>Nodes
Prev NREAD Prev NRLSUM N Commands
Next NRLSUM Next
NRLSUM
Name
NRLSUM, SIGNIF, Label Specifies the Naval Research Laboratory (NRL) sum mode combination method. group: SOLUTION:Spectrum Options product: MP ME ST PP ED
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SIGNIF
Label
Notes
This command is also valid in PREP7. This mode combination method is usually used for SPOPT ,DDAM.
NRLSUM is not allowed in ANSYS/Professional.
Menu Paths
Prev NREFINE Prev NROPT N Commands
Next NROPT Next
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NROPT
Name
NROPT, Option, --, Adptky Specifies the Newton-Raphson options in a static or full transient analysis. group: SOLUTION:Nonlinear Options product: MP ME ST EM PP ED
Option
Option key: AUTO -Let the program choose the option (default). FULL -Use full Newton-Raphson. MODI -Use modified Newton-Raphson. INIT -Use the previously computed matrix (initial-stiffness). UNSYM -Use full Newton-Raphson with unsymmetric matrices of elements where the unsymmetric option exists (see Newton-Raphson Option in the ANSYS Structural Analysis Guide for more information).
--
Unused field.
Adptky
Adaptive descent key: ON -Use adaptive descent (default if frictional contact exists; if one of the elements CONTAC12, CONTAC26, CONTAC48, CONTAC49, or CONTAC52 is present; or if plasticity exists and one of the elements PIPE20, BEAM23, BEAM24, or PIPE60 is present). Explicit ON is valid only if Option = FULL.
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N Commands OFF -Do not use adaptive descent (default in all other cases).
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Notes
The default values given for this command assume SOLCONTROL,ON (the default). See the description of SOLCONTROL for a complete listing of the defaults set by SOLCONTROL,ON and SOLCONTROL,OFF. Indicates the Newton-Raphson option used to solve the nonlinear equations in a static or full transient analysis. If used in SOLUTION, this command is valid only within the first load step. This command is also valid in PREP7.
Menu Paths
Prev NRLSUM Prev NROTAT N Commands
Next NROTAT Next
NROTAT
Name
NROTAT, NODE1, NODE2 , NINC Rotates nodal coordinate systems into the active system. group: PREP7:Nodes product: MP ME ST DY PR EM FL PP ED
NODE1, NODE2, NINC
Rotate nodes from NODE1 to NODE2 (defaults to NODE1) in steps of NINC (defaults to 1). If NODE1 = ALL, NODE2 and NINC are ignored and all selected nodes [NSEL] are rotated. If NODE1 = P, graphical picking is enabled and all remaining command fields are ignored (valid only in the GUI). A component name may also be substituted for NODE1 (NODE2 and NINC are ignored).
Command Default
N Commands No automatic nodal rotation.
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Notes
Rotates nodal coordinate systems into the active coordinate system. Nodal coordinate systems may be automatically rotated into the active (global or local) coordinate system as follows: Rotations in Cartesian systems will have nodal x directions rotated parallel to the Cartesian X direction. Rotations in cylindrical, spherical or toroidal systems will have the nodal x directions rotated parallel to the R direction. Nodes at (or near) a zero radius location should not be rotated. Nodal coordinate directions may be displayed [/PSYMB]. Nodal forces and constraints will also appear rotated when displayed if the nodal coordinate system is rotated. For FLOTRAN analyses, nodal coordinate systems should only be rotated parallel to the global Cartesian system.
Note
When the nodal coordinate systems are defined, they remain parallel to the global Cartesian system unless subsequently rotated. Previously specified rotations on the specified nodes are overridden.
Menu Paths
Main Menu>Preprocessor>Create>Nodes>To Active CS Main Menu>Preprocessor>Move / Modify>To Active CS
Prev NROPT Prev NRRANG N Commands
Next NRRANG Next
NRRANG
Name
NRRANG, NMIN, NMAX, NINC Specifies the range of nodes to be read from the node file. group: PREP7:Nodes product: MP ME ST DY PR EM FL PP ED
NMIN, NMAX, NINC
Node range is defined from NMIN (defaults to 1) to NMAX (defaults to 999999) in steps of NINC (defaults to 1).
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N Commands
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Notes
Defines the range of nodes to be read [NREAD] from the node file. Also implies an element range since only elements fully attached to these nodes will be read from the element file.
Menu Paths
Main Menu>Preprocessor>Create>Nodes>Read Node File
Prev NROTAT Prev NSCALE N Commands
Next NSCALE Next
NSCALE
Name
NSCALE, INC, NODE1, NODE2, NINC, RX, RY, RZ Generates a scaled set of nodes from a pattern of nodes. group: PREP7:Nodes product: MP ME ST DY PR EM FL PP ED
INC
Do this scaling operation one time, incrementing all nodes in the given pattern by INC. If INC = 0, nodes will be redefined at the scaled locations.
NODE1, NODE2, NINC
Scale nodes from pattern of nodes beginning with NODE1 to NODE2 (defaults to NODE1) in steps of NINC (defaults to 1). If NODE1 = ALL, NODE2 and NINC are ignored and pattern is all selected nodes [NSEL]. If NODE1 = P, graphical picking is enabled and all remaining command fields are ignored (valid only in the GUI). A component name may also be substituted for NODE1 (NODE2 and NINC are ignored).
RX, RY, RZ
Scale factor ratios. Scaling is relative to the origin of the active coordinate system (RR,R ,RZ for cylindrical, RR,R ,R for spherical or toroidal). If absolute value of ratio > 1.0, pattern is enlarged. If < 1.0, pattern is reduced. Ratios default to 1.0 (each).
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N Commands
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Notes
Generates a scaled pattern of nodes from a given node pattern. Scaling is done in the active coordinate system. Nodes in the pattern may have been generated in any coordinate system.
Menu Paths
Main Menu>Preprocessor>Copy>Scale & Copy Main Menu>Preprocessor>Move / Modify>Scale & Move Main Menu>Preprocessor>Operate>Scale>Scale & Copy Main Menu>Preprocessor>Operate>Scale>Scale & Move
Prev NRRANG Prev NSEL N Commands
Next NSEL Next
NSEL
Name
NSEL, Type, Item, Comp, VMIN, VMAX, VINC, KABS Selects a subset of nodes. group: DATABASE:Selecting product: MP ME ST DY PR EM FL PP ED
Type
Label identifying the type of select: S -Select a new set (default). R -Reselect a set from the current set. A -Additionally select a set and extend the current set. U --
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N Commands Unselect a set from the current set. ALL -Restore the full set. NONE -Unselect the full set. INVE -Invert the current set (selected becomes unselected and vice versa). STAT -Display the current select status. The following fields are used only with Type=S,R,A, or U:
Item
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Label identifying data. Valid item labels are shown in the table below. Some items also require a component label. If Item = P, graphical picking is enabled and all remaining command fields are ignored (valid only in the GUI). Defaults to NODE.
Comp
VMIN
Minimum value of item range. Ranges are node numbers, set numbers, coordinate values, load values, or result values as appropriate for the item. A component name (as specified on the CM command) may also be substituted for VMIN (VMAX and VINC are ignored).
VMAX
Maximum value of item range. VMAX defaults to VMIN for input values. For result values, VMAX defaults to infinity if VMIN is positive, or to zero if VMIN is negative. If VMIN = VMAX, a tolerance of 0.005xVMIN is used, or 1.0E-6 if VMIN=0.0. If VMAX VMIN, a tolerance of 1.0E-8x(VMAX- VMIN) is used.
VINC
Value increment within range. Used only with integer ranges (such as for node and set numbers). Defaults to 1. VINC cannot be negative.
KABS
Absolute value key: 0 --
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N Commands Check sign of value during selection. 1 -Use absolute value during selection (sign ignored).
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Command Default
All nodes are selected.
Notes
Selects a subset of nodes. For example, to select a new set of nodes based on node numbers 1 through 7, use NSEL,S,NODE,,1,7. The subset is used when the ALL label is entered (or implied) on other commands, such as NLIST,ALL. Only data identified by node number are selected. Data are flagged as selected and unselected; no data are actually deleted from the database. When selecting nodes by results, the full graphics value is used, regardless of whether PowerGraphics is on. Solution result data consists of two types, 1) nodal degree of freedom--results initially calculated at the nodes (such as displacement, temperature, pressure, etc.), and 2) element--results initially calculated elsewhere (such as at an element integration point or thickness location) and then recalculated at the nodes (such as stresses, strains, etc.). Various element results also depend upon the recalculation method and the selected results location [AVPRIN, RSYS, FORCE, LAYER and SHELL]. This command is valid in any processor. NSEL - Valid Item and Component Labels Valid Item and Component LabelsNSELType, Item, Comp, VMIN, VMAX, VINC, KABS Valid item and component labels for input values are: Item Comp Description NODE Node number. EXT Nodes on exterior of selected elements (ignore remaining fields). LOC X,Y,Z X, Y, or Z location in the active coordinate system. ANG XY,YZ,ZX THXY, THYZ, or THZX rotation angle. M Master node number. CP Coupled set number. CE Constraint equation set number. Any of X, Y, or Z structural displacements. Amplitude only, if D U complex. " UX,UY,UZ X, Y, or Z structural displacement. Amplitude only, if complex. " ROT Any of X, Y, or Z structural rotations. Amplitude only, if complex. ROTX, ROTY, " X, Y, or Z structural rotation. Amplitude only, if complex. ROTZ " TEMP Temperature. " PRES Pressure.
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N Commands " " " " " " " " " F " " " " " " " " " " " BF " " " " " VOLT MAG V VX,VY,VZ A AX,AY,AZ CURR EMF ENKE, ENDS F FX,FY,FZ M MX,MY,MZ HEAT FLOW AMPS FLUX CSG CSGX, CSGY, CSGZY, CHRG CHRGD TEMP FLUE HGEN JS JSX,JSY, JSZ MVDI
Page 42 of 78 Electric potential. Magnetic scalar potential. Any of X, Y, or Z fluid velocities. X, Y, or Z fluid velocity. Any of X, Y, or Z magnetic vector potentials. Amplitude only, if complex. X, Y, or Z magnetic vector potential. Amplitude only, if complex. Current. Electromotive force drop. Turbulent kinetic energy or energy dissipation (FLOTRAN). Any of X, Y, or Z structural forces. Amplitude only, if complex. X, Y, or Z structural force. Amplitude only, if complex. Any of X, Y, or Z structural moments. Amplitude only, if complex X, Y, or Z structural moment. Amplitude only, if complex. Heat flow. Fluid flow. Current flow. Magnetic flux. Any of X,Y, or Z magnetic current segment components. Amplitude only, if complex. X, Y, or Z magnetic current segment component. Amplitude only, if complex. if complex. Electric charge. Electric charge density. Nodal temperature. Nodal fluence. Nodal heat generation rate. Any of X, Y, or Z current densities. Amplitude only, if complex. X, Y, or Z current density. Amplitude only, if complex. Magnetic virtual displacements flag.
NSEL - Valid Item and Component Labels for Nodal DOF Result Values Item U ROT TEMP PRES VOLT MAG V A CURR EMF Comp Description X,Y,Z,SUM X, Y, or Z structural displacement or vector sum. X,Y,Z,SUM X, Y, or Z structural rotation or vector sum. Temperature. Pressure. Electric potential. Magnetic scalar potential. X,Y,Z,SUM X, Y, or Z fluid velocity or vector sum. X,Y,Z,SUM X, Y, or Z magnetic vector potential or vector sum. Current. Electromotive force drop.
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N Commands ENKE ENDS Turbulent kinetic energy (FLOTRAN). Turbulent energy dissipation (FLOTRAN).
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NSEL - Valid Item and Component Labels for Element Result Values Item S " " EPTO " " EPEL " " EPPL " " EPCR " " EPTH " " EPSW NL " " " " " Comp X,Y,Z,XY,YZ,XZ 1,2,3 INT,EQV X,Y,Z,XY,YZ,XZ 1,2,3 INT,EQV X,Y,Z,XY,YZ,XZ 1,2,3 INT,EQV X,Y,Z,XY,YZ,XZ 1,2,3 INT,EQV X,Y,Z,XY,YZ,XZ 1,2,3 INT,EQV X,Y,Z,XY,YZ,XZ 1,2,3 INT,EQV SEPL SRAT HPRES EPEQ PSV PLWK Description Component stress. Principal stress. Stress intensity or equivalent stress. Component total strain (EPEL + EPPL + EPCR). Principal total strain. Total strain intensity or total equivalent strain. Component elastic strain. Principal elastic strain. Elastic strain intensity or elastic equivalent strain. Component plastic strain. Principal plastic strain. Plastic strain intensity or plastic equivalent strain. Component creep strain. Principal creep strain. Creep strain intensity or creep equivalent strain. Component thermal strain. Principal thermal strain. Thermal strain intensity or thermal equivalent strain. Swelling strain. Equivalent stress (from stress-strain curve). Stress state ratio. Hydrostatic pressure. Accumulated equivalent plastic strain. Plastic state variable. Plastic work/volume. Contact status. 3-closed and sticking, 2-closed and sliding, 1-open but near contact, 0-open and not near contact. Contact penetration. Contact pressure. Contact friction stress. Contact total stress (pressure plus friction). Contact sliding distance. Component thermal gradient or vector sum. Component thermal flux or vector sum. Component pressure gradient or vector sum. Component electric field or vector sum. Component electric flux density or vector sum. Component magnetic field intensity or vector sum. Component magnetic flux density or vector sum.
CONT STAT " " " " " TG TF PG EF D H B PENE PRES SFRIC STOT SLIDE X,Y,Z,SUM X,Y,Z,SUM X,Y,Z,SUM X,Y,Z,SUM X,Y,Z,SUM X,Y,Z,SUM X,Y,Z,SUM
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N Commands FMAG X,Y,Z,SUM TOPO
Page 44 of 78 Component magnetic forces or vector sum. Densities used for topological optimization. This applies to nodes attached to the following types of elements: PLANE2, PLANE82, SOLID92, SHELL93, SOLID95.
NSEL - Valid Item and Component Labels for FLOTRAN Nodal Result Values Item Comp TTOT HFLU HFLM COND PCOE PTOT MACH STRM DENS VISC EVIS CMUV ECON YPLU TAUW Description Total temperature. Heat flux. Heat transfer (film) coefficient. Fluid laminar conductivity. Pressure coefficient. Total (stagnation) pressure. Mach number. Stream function. (2-D applications only.) Fluid density. Fluid laminar viscosity. Fluid effective viscosity. Turbulent viscosity coefficient. Fluid effective conductivity. Y+, a turbulent law of the wall parameter. Shear stress at the wall.
Menu Paths
Main Menu>Preprocessor>Create>Circuit>Delete Elements Main Menu>Preprocessor>Delete>Pre-tens Elemnts Main Menu>Preprocessor>Loads>Delete>Section Main Menu>Solution>Delete>Section Utility Menu>Select>Entities
Prev NSCALE Prev NSLA N Commands
Next NSLA Next
NSLA
Name
NSLA, Type, NKEY Selects those nodes associated with the selected areas. group: DATABASE:Selecting file://D:\Documents%20and%20Settings\Administrator\Local%20Settings\Temp\~hh... 20.05.2004
N Commands product: MP ME ST DY PR EM FL PP ED
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Type
Label identifying the type of node select: S -Select a new set (default). R -Reselect a set from the current set. A -Additionally select a set and extend the current set. U -Unselect a set from the current set.
NKEY
Specifies whether only interior area nodes are to be selected: 0 -Select only nodes interior to selected areas. 1 -Select all nodes (interior to area, interior to lines, and at keypoints) associated with the selected areas.
Notes
Valid only if the nodes were generated by an area meshing operation [AMESH, VMESH] on a solid model that contains the selected areas. This command is valid in any processor.
Menu Paths
Prev NSEL Prev NSLE N Commands
Next NSLE Next 20.05.2004
N Commands
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NSLE
Name
NSLE, Type, NodeType, Num Selects those nodes attached to the selected elements. group: DATABASE:Selecting product: MP ME ST DY PR EM FL PP ED
Type
NodeType
Label identifying type of nodes to consider when selecting: ALL -Select all nodes of the selected elements (default). ACTIVE -Select only the active nodes. An active node is a node that contributes DOFs to the model. INACTIVE -Select only inactive nodes (such as orientation or radiation). CORNER --
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N Commands Select only corner nodes. MID -Select only midside nodes. POS -Select nodes in position Num. FACE -Select nodes on face Num.
Num
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Position or face number for Nodes = POS or FACE.
Notes
NSLE selects NodeType nodes attached to the currently-selected set of elements. Only nodes on elements in the currently-selected element set can be selected. This command is valid in any processor.
Menu Paths
Main Menu>Preprocessor>Delete>Pre-tens Elemnts Utility Menu>Select>Entities
Prev NSLA Prev NSLK N Commands
Next NSLK Next
NSLK
Name
NSLK, Type Selects those nodes associated with the selected keypoints. group: DATABASE:Selecting product: MP ME ST DY PR EM FL PP ED
N Commands
Type
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Notes
Valid only if the nodes were generated by a keypoint meshing operation [KMESH, LMESH, AMESH, VMESH] on a solid model that contains the selected keypoints. This command is valid in any processor.
Menu Paths
Prev NSLE Prev NSLL N Commands
Next NSLL Next
NSLL
Name
NSLL, Type, NKEY Selects those nodes associated with the selected lines. group: DATABASE:Selecting product: MP ME ST DY PR EM FL PP ED
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N Commands
Type
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NKEY
Specifies whether only interior line nodes are to be selected: 0 -Select only nodes interior to selected lines. 1 -Select all nodes (interior to line and at keypoints) associated with the selected lines.
Notes
Valid only if the nodes were generated by a line meshing operation [LMESH, AMESH, VMESH] on a solid model that contains the associated lines. This command is valid in any processor.
Menu Paths
Prev NSLK Prev NSLV N Commands
Next NSLV Next
NSLV
N Commands
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Name
NSLV, Type, NKEY Selects those nodes associated with the selected volumes. group: DATABASE:Selecting product: MP ME ST DY PR EM FL PP ED
Type
NKEY
Specifies whether only interior volume nodes are to be selected: 0 -Select only nodes interior to selected volumes. 1 -Select all nodes (interior to volume, interior to areas, interior to lines, and at keypoints) associated with the selected volumes.
Notes
Valid only if the nodes were generated by a volume meshing operation [VMESH] on a solid model that contains the selected volumes. This command is valid in any processor.
Menu Paths
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N Commands
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Prev NSLL Prev NSMOOTH N Commands
Next NSMOOTH Next
NSMOOTH
Name
NSMOOTH, NPASS Smooths selected nodes among selected elements. group: PREP7:Nodes product: MP ME ST DY PR EM FL PP ED
NPASS Number of smoothing passes. Defaults to 3.
Notes
Repositions each selected node at the average position of its immediate neighbors on the selected elements. The node positions converge after some number of smoothing passes. For some initial conditions, NPASS may need to be much larger than 3. If the boundary of a mesh is to be undisturbed (usually desirable), the boundary nodes should be unselected before issuing NSMOOTH.
Menu Paths
Prev NSLV Prev NSOL N Commands
Next NSOL Next
NSOL
Name
NSOL , NVAR, NODE, Item, Comp, Name Specifies nodal data to be stored from the results file.
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N Commands group: POST26:Set Up product: MP ME ST DY PR EM FL PP ED
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NVAR
Arbitrary reference number or name assigned to this variable. Variable numbers can be 2 to NV (NUMVAR) while the name can be an eight byte character string. Overwrites any existing results for this variable.
NODE
Node for which data are to be stored.

Item
Label identifying the item. Valid item labels are shown in the table below. Some items also require a component label.
Comp
Name
Thirty-two character name identifying the item on printouts and displays. Defaults to a label formed by concatenating the first four characters of the Item and Comp labels.
Notes
Stores nodal degree of freedom and solution results in a variable. For more information, see Hlp_G_MOD3_4.html#ayXQxq3a4mcm in the ANSYS Modeling and Meshing Guide. NSOL - Valid Item and Component Labels Valid Item and Component LabelsNSOL NVAR, NODE, Item, Comp, Name Valid item and component labels for nodal degree of freedom results are: Item Comp Description U X,Y,Z X, Y, or Z structural displacement. ROT X,Y,Z X, Y, or Z structural rotation. TEMP Temperature. PRES Pressure. VOLT Electric potential. MAG Magnetic scalar potential. V X,Y,Z X, Y, or Z fluid velocity. A X,Y,Z X, Y, or Z magnetic vector potential. CURR Current.
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N Commands EMF ENKE ENDS Electromotive force drop. Turbulent kinetic energy. Turbulent energy dissipation.
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NSOL - Valid Item and Component Labels for FLOTRAN Nodal Results Item Comp TTOT HFLU HFLM COND PCOE PTOT MACH STRM DENS VISC EVIS CMUV ECON YPLU TAUW RDFL Description Total temperature. Heat flux. Heat transfer (film) coefficient. Fluid laminar conductivity. Pressure coefficient. Total (stagnation) pressure. Mach number. Stream function. (2-D applications only.) Fluid density. Fluid laminar viscosity. Fluid effective viscosity. Turbulent viscosity coefficient. Fluid effective conductivity. Y+, a turbulent law of the wall parameter. Shear stress at the wall. Radiation heat flux.
NSOL - Valid Item and Component Labels for ANSYS/LS-DYNA Nodal Results Item Comp Description U X, Y, Z X, Y, or Z nodal displacements. ROT X, Y, Z X, Y, or Z nodal rotations. V X, Y, Z X, Y, or Z nodal velocities. A X, Y, Z X, Y, or Z nodal accelerations.
Menu Paths
Main Menu>Drop Test>Time History>Graph Variables Main Menu>Drop Test>Time History>List Variables Main Menu>TimeHist Postpro>Define Variables Main Menu>TimeHist Postpro>Elec&Mag>Circuit>Define Variables
Prev NSMOOTH Prev NSORT N Commands
Next NSORT Next
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N Commands
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NSORT
Name
NSORT, Item, Comp, ORDER, KABS, NUMB, SEL Sorts nodal data. group: POST1:Results product: MP ME ST DY PR EM FL PP ED
Item
Label identifying the item to be sorted on. Valid item labels are shown in the table below. Some items also require a component label.
Comp
ORDER
Order of sort operation: 0 -Sort into descending order. 1 -Sort into ascending order.
KABS
Absolute value key: 0 -Sort according to real value. 1 -Sort according to absolute value.
NUMB
Number of nodal data records to be sorted in ascending or descending order ( ORDER) before sort is stopped (remainder will be in unsorted sequence) (defaults to all nodes).
SEL
Allows selection of nodes in the sorted field. file://D:\Documents%20and%20Settings\Administrator\Local%20Settings\Temp\~hh... 20.05.2004
N Commands (blank) -No selection (default). SELECT -Select the nodes in the sorted list.
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Command Default
Use ascending node number order.
Notes
Values are in the active coordinate system [CSYS for input data or RSYS for results data]. Various element results also depend upon the recalculation method and the selected results location [AVPRIN , RSYS, SHELL , ESEL, and NSEL]. If simultaneous load cases are stored, the last sorted sequence formed from any load case applies to all load cases. Use NUSORT to restore the original order. This command is not valid with PowerGraphics. NSORT - Valid Item and Component Labels Valid Item and Component Labels NSORTItem, Comp, ORDER, KABS, NUMB, SEL Valid item and component labels for input values are: Item Comp Description LOC X,Y,Z X, Y, or Z location. ANG XY,YZ,ZX THXY, THYZ, or THZX rotation angle. NSORT - Valid Item and Component Labels for NDOF Result Values Item U ROT TEMP PRES VOLT MAG V A CURR EMF ENKE ENDS Comp Description X,Y,Z,SUM X, Y, or Z structural displacement or vector sum. X,Y,Z,SUM X, Y, or Z structural rotation or vector sum. Temperature. Pressure. Electric potential. Magnetic scalar potential. X,Y,Z,SUM X, Y, or Z fluid velocity or vector sum. X,Y,Z,SUM X, Y, or Z magnetic vector potential or vector sum. Current. Electromotive force drop. Turbulent kinetic energy (FLOTRAN). Turbulent energy dissipation (FLOTRAN).
NSORT - Valid Item and Component Labels for Element Result Values Item Comp S X,Y,Z,XY,YZ,XZ Component stress. Description
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N Commands " " EPTO " " EPEL " " EPPL " " EPCR " " EPTH " " EPLS " EPSW NL " " " " " 1,2,3 INT,EQV X,Y,Z,XY,YZ,XZ 1,2,3 INT,EQV X,Y,Z,XY,YZ,XZ 1,2,3 INT,EQV X,Y,Z,XY,YZ,XZ 1,2,3 INT,EQV X,Y,Z,XY,YZ,XZ 1,2,3 INT,EQV X,Y,Z,XY,YZ,XZ 1,2,3 INT,EQV X,Y,Z,XY,YZ,XZ 1,2,3 SEPL SRAT HPRES EPEQ PSV PLWK
Page 56 of 78 Principal stress. Stress intensity or equivalent stress. Component total strain (EPEL + EPPL + EPCR). Principal total strain. Total strain intensity or total equivalent strain. Component elastic strain. Principal elastic strain. Elastic strain intensity or elastic equivalent strain. Component plastic strain. Principal plastic strain. Plastic strain intensity or plastic equivalent strain. Component creep strain. Principal creep strain. Creep strain intensity or creep equivalent strain. Component thermal strain. Principal thermal strain. Thermal strain intensity or thermal equivalent strain. Component large strain. Principal large strain. Swelling strain. Equivalent stress (from stress-strain curve). Stress state ratio. Hydrostatic pressure. Accumulated equivalent plastic strain. Plastic state variable. Plastic work/volume. Contact status. 3-closed and sticking, 2-closed and sliding, 1-open but near contact, 0-open and not near contact. Contact penetration. Contact pressure. Contact friction stress. Contact total stress (pressure plus friction). Contact sliding distance. Component thermal gradient or vector sum. Component thermal flux or vector sum. Component pressure gradient or vector sum. Component electric field or vector sum. Component electric flux density or vector sum. Component magnetic field intensity or vector sum. Component magnetic flux density or vector sum. Component magnetic forces or vector sum. Densities used for topological optimization. This applies to nodes attached to the following types of elements: PLANE2, PLANE82, SOLID92, SHELL93, SOLID95.
CONT STAT " PENE " PRES " SFRIC " STOT " SLIDE TG X,Y,Z,SUM TF X,Y,Z,SUM PG X,Y,Z,SUM EF X,Y,Z,SUM D X,Y,Z,SUM H X,Y,Z,SUM B X,Y,Z,SUM FMAG X,Y,Z,SUM TOPO
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N Commands NSORT - Valid Item and Component Labels for FLOTRAN Nodal Result Values Item Comp TTOT HFLU HFLM COND PCOE PTOT MACH STRM DENS VISC EVIS ECON YPLU TAUW Description Total temperature. Heat flux. Heat transfer (film) coefficient. Fluid laminar conductivity. Pressure coefficient. Total (stagnation) pressure. Mach number. Stream function. (2-D applications only.) Fluid density. Fluid laminar viscosity. Fluid effective viscosity. Fluid effective conductivity. Y+, a turbulent law of the wall parameter. Shear stress at the wall.
Page 57 of 78
Menu Paths
Main Menu>General Postproc>List Results>Sort Nodes Utility Menu>Parameters>Get Scalar Data
Prev NSOL Prev NSTORE N Commands
Next NSTORE Next
NSTORE
Name
NSTORE, TINC Defines which time points are to be stored. group: POST26:Set Up product: MP ME ST DY PR EM FL PP ED
TINC
Store data associated with every TINC time (or frequency) point(s), within the previously defined range of TMIN to TMAX [TIMERANGE]. (Defaults to 1)
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N Commands
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Command Default
Store every point.
Notes
Defines which time (or frequency) points within the range are to be stored.
Menu Paths
Prev NSORT Prev NSUBST N Commands
Next NSUBST Next
NSUBST
Name
NSUBST, NSBSTP, NSBMX, NSBMN, Carry Specifies the number of substeps to be taken this load step. group: SOLUTION:Load Step Options product: MP ME ST PR EM PP ED
NSBSTP
Number of substeps to be used for this load step (i.e., the time step size or frequency increment). If automatic time stepping is used [AUTOTS ], NSBSTP defines the size of the first substep. If SOLCONTROL,ON and contact elements TARGE169, TARGE170, CONTA171, CONTA172, CONTA173, or CONTA174 are used, defaults to 1 or 20 substeps, depending on the physics of the problem. If SOLCONTROL,ON and none of these contact elements are used, defaults to 1 substep. If SOLCONTROL,OFF, defaults to the previously specified value (or 1, if there is no previously specified value).
NSBMX
Maximum number of substeps to be taken (i.e., the minimum time step size) if automatic time stepping is used. If SOLCONTROL,ON, ANSYS determines the default depending on the physics of the problem. If SOLCONTROL,OFF, defaults to the previously specified value (or NSBSTP, if there is no previously specified value).
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N Commands
NSBMN
Page 59 of 78
Minimum number of substeps to be taken (i.e., the maximum time step size) if automatic time stepping is used. If SOLCONTROL,ON, ANSYS determines the default depending on the physics of the problem. If SOLCONTROL,OFF, defaults to the previously specified value (or 1, if there is no previously specified value).
Carry
Time step carry-over key (ANSYS determines the default depending on the physics of the problem): OFF -Use NSBSTP to define time step at start of each load step. ON -Use final time step from previous load step as the starting time step (if automatic time stepping is used). If SOLCONTROL,ON, ANSYS determines the default depending on the physics of the problem. If SOLCONTROL,OFF, defaults to OFF.
Notes
See DELTIM for an alternative input. It is recommended that all fields of this command be specified for solution efficiency and robustness. This command is also valid in PREP7.
Menu Paths
Prev NSTORE Prev NSVR N Commands
Next NSVR Next
NSVR
Name
NSVR, ITYPE, NSTV Defines the number of variables for user-programmable element options. group: PREP7:Element Type product: MP ME ST DY PP file://D:\Documents%20and%20Settings\Administrator\Local%20Settings\Temp\~hh... 20.05.2004
N Commands
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ITYPE
Element type number as defined on the ET command.

NSTV
Number of extra state variables to save (must be no more than 840).
Command Default
No extra variables are saved.
Notes
Defines the number of extra variables that need to be saved for user-programmable (systemdependent) element options, e.g., material laws through user subroutine USERPL. ITYPE must first be defined with the ET command.
Menu Paths
Prev NSUBST Prev NSYM N Commands
Next NSYM Next
NSYM
Name
NSYM, Ncomp, INC, NODE1, NODE2, NINC Generates a reflected set of nodes. group: PREP7:Nodes product: MP ME ST DY PR EM FL PP ED
Ncomp
Symmetry key: X --
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N Commands X (or R) symmetry (default). Y -Y (or Z -Z (or

INC
Page 61 of 78
) symmetry.
) symmetry.
Increment all nodes in the given pattern by INC to form the reflected node pattern.
NODE1, NODE2, NINC
Reflect nodes from pattern beginning with NODE1 to NODE2 (defaults to NODE1) in steps of NINC (defaults to 1). If NODE1 = ALL, NODE2 and NINC are ignored and pattern is all selected nodes [NSEL]. If NODE1 = P, graphical picking is enabled and all remaining command fields are ignored (valid only in the GUI). A component name may also be substituted for NODE1 ( NODE2 and NINC are ignored).
Notes
Generates nodes from a given node pattern by a symmetry reflection. Reflection is done in the active coordinate system by changing a particular coordinate sign. Nodes in the pattern may have been generated in any coordinate system. Nodal rotation angles are not reflected. Symmetry reflection may be used with any node pattern, in any coordinate system, as many times as desired. Reflection is accomplished by a coordinate sign change (in the active coordinate system). For example, an X-reflection in a Cartesian coordinate system generates additional nodes from a given pattern, with a node increment added to each node number, and an X coordinate sign change. An R-reflection in a cylindrical coordinate system gives a reflected "radial" location by changing the "equivalent" Cartesian (i.e., the Cartesian system with the same origin as the active cylindrical system) X and Y coordinate signs. An R-reflection in a spherical coordinate system gives a reflected "radial" location by changing the equivalent Cartesian X, Y, and Z coordinate location signs. Nodal coordinate system rotation angles are not reflected.
Menu Paths
Main Menu>Preprocessor>Reflect>Nodes
Prev NSVR Prev /NUMBER N Commands
Next /NUMBER Next
/NUMBER
N Commands
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Name
/NUMBER, NKEY Specifies whether numbers, colors, or both are used for displays. group: GRAPHICS:Labeling product: MP ME ST DY PR EM FL PP ED
NKEY
Numbering style: 0 -Color (terminal dependent) the numbered items and show numbers. 1 -Color the numbered items. Do not show the numbers. 2 -Show the numbers. Do not color the items. -1 -Do not color the items or show the numbers.
Notes
Specifies whether numbers, colors, or both are used for numbering displays [/PNUM] of nodes, elements, keypoints, lines, areas, and volumes. Color may be used only on terminals having color capability. Shading is also available for terminals configured with more than 4 color planes [/SHOW]. Color automatically appears for certain items and may be manually controlled (off or on) for other items. The following items are automatically given discrete colors: Boundary condition symbols [/PBC], curves on graph displays, and distorted geometry on postprocessing displays. Contour lines in postprocessing displays are automatically colored based upon a continuous, rather than a discrete, spectrum so that red is associated with the highest contour value. On terminals with raster capability [/SHOW], the area between contour lines is filled with the color of the higher contour. Color is available only if the item is also displayed with an identifying number. For example, elements displayed in PREP7 are given discrete colors related to the different attribute numbers being displayed (i.e., different colors for elements of different number, type, material, real constant, or element coordinate system). Coloring by element location number is continuous, rather than discrete, to allow a color representation of the element ordering. Explicit entity colors or the discrete color mapping may be changed with the /COLOR command. This command is valid in any processor. file://D:\Documents%20and%20Settings\Administrator\Local%20Settings\Temp\~hh... 20.05.2004
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Menu Paths
Utility Menu>PlotCtrls>Numbering
Prev NSYM Prev NUMCMP N Commands
Next NUMCMP Next
NUMCMP
Name
NUMCMP, Label Compresses the numbering of defined items. group: PREP7:Database product: MP ME ST DY PR EM FL PP ED
Label
Items to be compressed: NODE -Node numbers ELEM -Element numbers KP -Keypoint numbers LINE -Line numbers AREA -Area numbers VOLU -Volume numbers
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N Commands MAT -Material numbers TYPE -Element type numbers REAL -Real constant numbers CP -Coupled set numbers CE -Constraint equation numbers ALL -All item numbers
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Notes
The NUMCMP command effectively compresses out unused item numbers by renumbering all the items, beginning with one and continuing throughout the model. The renumbering order follows the initial item numbering order (that is, compression lowers the maximum number by "sliding" numbers down to take advantage of unused or skipped numbers). All defined items are renumbered, regardless of whether or not they are actually used or selected. Applicable related items are also checked for renumbering as described for the merge operation [NUMMRG ]. Compressing material numbers [NUMCMP,ALL or NUMCMP,MAT] does not update the material number referenced by any of the following:
?
A temperature-dependent convection or surface-to-surface radiation load [SF, SFE, SFL, SFA] Real constants for multi-material elements (PIPE17, SOLID46, SOLID65, SHELL91, SHELL99) Multi-material beam cross-sections (BEAM188, BEAM188). See also the SECDATA and SECWRITE command descriptions.
Compression is usually not required unless memory space is limited and there are large gaps in the numbering sequence. You cannot access this command for models that have been imported from IGES files using the FACETED translator (see the IOPTN command).
Menu Paths
N Commands Main Menu>Preprocessor>Numbering Ctrls>Compress Numbers
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Prev /NUMBER Prev NUMEXP N Commands
Next NUMEXP Next
NUMEXP
Name
NUMEXP, NUM, BEGRNG, ENDRNG, Elcalc Specifies solutions to be expanded from reduced analyses. group: SOLUTION:Load Step Options product: MP ME ST PR PP ED
NUM
Number of expanded solutions to be done this load step.

BEGRNG, ENDRNG
Beginning and ending time (or frequency) range for expanded solutions.
Elcalc
Element calculation key: YES -Calculate element results, nodal loads, and reaction loads. NO -Do not calculate these items.
Notes
Specifies a range of solutions to be expanded from analyses that use reduced or mode superposition methods (ANTYPE,HARMIC; TRANS; or SUBSTR). For ANTYPE,TRANS, NUM evenly spaced solutions are expanded between time BEGRNG and time ENDRNG. For ANTYPE,HARMIC, NUM evenly spaced solutions are expanded between frequency BEGRNG and frequency ENDRNG. The first expansion in all cases is done at the first point beyond BEGRNG (i.e., at BEGRNG + ( ENDRNG BEGRNG)/ NUM)). For single expansions of a solution, or multiple expansions when the solutions are not evenly spaced (such as in a mode superposition harmonic analysis with the cluster option), do not file://D:\Documents%20and%20Settings\Administrator\Local%20Settings\Temp\~hh... 20.05.2004
N Commands use this command. Instead, use one or more EXPSOL commands as appropriate. This command is also valid in PREP7.
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Menu Paths
Main Menu>Preprocessor>Loads>ExpansionPass>Range of Solu's Main Menu>Solution>ExpansionPass>Range of Solu's
Prev NUMCMP Prev NUMMRG N Commands
Next NUMMRG Next
NUMMRG
Name
NUMMRG, Label, TOLER, GTOLER, Action, Switch Merges coincident or equivalently defined items. group: PREP7:Database product: MP ME ST DY PR EM FL PP ED
Label
Items to be merged: NODE -Nodes ELEM -Elements KP -Keypoints (will also merge lines, areas, and volumes) MAT -Materials TYPE --
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N Commands Element types REAL -Real constants CP -Coupled sets CE -Constraint equations ALL -All items
TOLER
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Range of coincidence. For Label = NODE and KP, defaults to 1.0E-4 (based on maximum Cartesian coordinate difference between nodes or keypoints). For Label = MAT, REAL, and CE, defaults to 1.0E-7 (based on difference of the values normalized by the values). Only items within range are merged. (For keypoints attached to lines, further restrictions apply. See the GTOLER field and Merging Solid Model Entities below.)
GTOLER
Global solid model tolerance -- used only when merging keypoints attached to lines. If specified, GTOLER will override the internal relative solid model tolerance. See Merging Solid Model Entities below.
Action
Specifies whether to merge or select coincident items. SELE -Select coincident items but do not merge. Action = SELE is only valid for Label = NODE. (Blank) -Merge the coincident items (default).
Switch
Specifies whether the lowest or highest numbered coincident item is retained after the merging operation. This option does not apply to keypoints; i.e, for Label = KP, the lowest numbered keypoint is retained regardless of the Switch setting. LOW -Retain the lowest numbered coincident item after the merging operation (default).
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N Commands HIGH -Retain the highest numbered coincident item after the merging operation.
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Notes
After issuing the command, the area and volume sizes (ASUM and VSUM) may give slightly different results. In order to obtain the same results as before, use /FACE, NORM, and ASUM/VSUM. The merge operation is useful for tying separate, but coincident, parts of a model together. If not all items are to be checked for merging, use the select commands [NSEL, ESEL, etc.] to select items. Only selected items are included in the merge operation for nodes, keypoints, and elements. By default, the merge operation retains the lowest numbered coincident item. Higher numbered coincident items are deleted. Set Switch to HIGH to retain the highest numbered coincident item after the merging operation. Applicable related items are also checked for deleted item numbers and if found, are replaced with the retained item number. For example, if nodes are merged, element connectivities (except superelements), mesh item range associativity, coupled degrees of freedom, constraint equations, master degrees of freedom, gap conditions, degree of freedom constraints, nodal force loads, nodal surface loads, and nodal body force loads are checked. Merging material numbers [NUMMRG ,ALL or NUMMRG ,MAT] does not update the material number referenced by a temperature-dependent convection or surface-to-surface radiation load [SF, SFE, SFL, SFA] or by real constants for multi-material elements (PIPE17, SOLID46, SOLID65, SHELL91, SHELL99 ). If a unique load is defined among merged nodes, the value is kept and applied to the retained node. If loads are not unique (not recommended), only the value on the lowest node (or highest if Switch = HIGH) will be kept, except for "force" loads for which the values will be summed if they are not defined using tabular boundary conditions.
Note
The unused nodes (not recommended) in elements, couplings, constraint equations, etc. may become active after the merge operation. The Action field provides the option of visualizing the coincident items before the merging operation.
Caution
Caution: When merging entities in a model that has already been meshed, the order in which you issue multiple NUMMRG commands is significant. If you want to merge two adjacent meshed regions that have coincident nodes and keypoints, always merge nodes [NUMMRG,NODE] before merging keypoints [NUMMRG,KP]. Merging keypoints before nodes can result in some of the nodes becoming "orphaned"; that is, the nodes lose their association with the solid model. Orphaned nodes can cause certain operations (such as boundary condition transfers, surface load transfers, and so on) to fail. After a NUMMRG,NODE, is issued, some nodes may be attached to more than one solid entity. As a result, subsequent attempts to transfer solid model loads to the elements may not be successful. Issue NUMMRG,KP to correct this problem. Do NOT issue VCLEAR before issuing NUMMRG,KP.
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When working with solid models, you may have better success with the gluing operations (AGLUE, LGLUE, VGLUE). Please read the following information when attempting to merge solid model entities. Gluing Operations vs. Merging Operations Adjacent, touching regions can be joined by gluing them (AGLUE, LGLUE, VGLUE) or by merging coincident keypoints (NUMMRG,KP, which also causes merging of identical lines, areas, and volumes). In many situations, either approach will work just fine. Some factors, however, may lead to a preference for one method over the other. Geometric Configuration Gluing is possible regardless of the initial alignment or offset of the input entities. Keypoint merging is possible only if each keypoint on one side of the face to be joined is matched by a coincident keypoint on the other side. This is commonly the case after a symmetry reflection (ARSYM or VSYMM) or a copy (AGEN or VGEN), especially for a model built entirely in ANSYS rather than imported from a CAD system. When the geometry is extremely precise, and the configuration is correct for keypoint merging, NUMMRG is more efficient and robust than AGLUE or VGLUE. Model Accuracy Gluing, like all ANSYS boolean operations, requires that the input entities meet the current boolean tolerance (BTOL). Otherwise, AGLUE or VGLUE may fail. In such cases, relaxing the tolerance may allow the glue to complete. An advantage of gluing is that it is unlikely to degrade the accuracy of a geometric model. Keypoint merging can operate on almost any combination of entities (although you may have to override the default tolerances on NUMMRG ). However, it can also introduce or increase accuracy flaws, making later boolean operations less likely to succeed. If the input tolerances are too large, NUMMRG can collapse out small lines, areas, or volumes you intended to keep, possibly rendering the model unusable. Mesh Status Gluing, like all ANSYS boolean operations, requires that the input entities be unmeshed. Keypoint merging is effective for meshed models under the right conditions. More information on keypoint merging follows. Merging Solid Model Entities: When merging solid model entities ( Label = KP or ALL), keypoint locations are used as the basis for merging. Once keypoints are merged, any higher order solid model entities (lines, areas, and volumes) attached to those keypoints are considered for merging. Keypoints that are attached to lines will be merged only if:
?
X, Y, and Z are each less than TOLER, where X is the X component of the distance between keypoints, Y is the Y component of the distance between keypoints, and Z is the Z component of the distance between keypoints; and
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is less than 1E-5 times the length of the longest line attached to those keypoints (internal relative solid model tolerance), or (global solid model tolerance) if specified. is less than GTOLER
The TOLER field is a consideration tolerance. If a keypoint is within TOLER of another keypoint, then those two keypoints are candidates to be merged. If, when "moving" the higher numbered keypoint, the distance exceeds the internal relative solid model tolerance, or the global solid model tolerance (GTOLER) if specified, the keypoints will not be merged. Lines, areas, and volumes are considered for merging in a similar manner. The internal relative solid model tolerance should be overridden by the global solid model tolerance (GTOLER) only when absolutely necessary. GTOLER is an absolute tolerance; if specified, relative lengths of lines in the model will no longer be considered in the merge operation. If GTOLER is too large, you can "merge-out" portions of your model accidently, effectively defeaturing the model. If GTOLER is used, it is recommended that NUMMRG be preceded by saving the database (since undesired merges of solid model entities could occur).
Note
Use of the NUMMRG command does not cause changes to a model's geometry; only the topology is affected.
Menu Paths
Main Menu>Preprocessor>Create>Circuit>Merge Nodes Main Menu>Preprocessor>Delete>Pre-tens Elemnts Main Menu>Preprocessor>Numbering Ctrls>Merge Items
Prev NUMEXP Prev NUMOFF N Commands
Next NUMOFF Next
NUMOFF
Name
NUMOFF, Label, VALUE Adds a number offset to defined items. group: PREP7:Database product: MP ME ST DY PR EM FL PP ED
Label
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N Commands Apply offset number to one of the following sets of items: NODE -Nodes ELEM -Elements KP -Keypoints LINE -Lines AREA -Areas VOLU -Volumes MAT -Materials TYPE -Element types REAL -Real constants CP -Coupled sets SECN -Section numbers CE -Constraint equations CSYS -Coordinate systems
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N Commands
VALUE
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Offset number value (cannot be negative).
Notes
Useful for offsetting current model data to prevent overlap if another model is read in. CDWRITE automatically writes the appropriate NUMOFF commands followed by the model data to File.CDB. Therefore, when the file is read, any model already existing in the database is offset before the model data on the file is read. Offsetting material numbers with this command [NUMOFF,MAT] does not update the material number referenced by any of the following:
?
A temperature-dependent convection or surface-to-surface radiation load [SF, SFE, SFL, SFA] Real constants for multi-material elements (PIPE17, SOLID46, SOLID65, SHELL91, SHELL99, SOLID191) Multi-material beam cross-sections (BEAM188, BEAM188). See also the SECDATA and SECWRITE command descriptions.
Therefore, a mismatch may exist between the material definitions and the material numbers referenced.
Menu Paths
Main Menu>Preprocessor>Numbering Ctrls>Add Num Offset
Prev NUMMRG Prev NUMSTR N Commands
Next NUMSTR Next
NUMSTR
Name
NUMSTR, Label, VALUE Establishes starting numbers for automatically numbered items. group: PREP7:Database product: MP ME ST DY PR EM FL PP ED
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N Commands
Label
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Apply starting number to one of the following sets of items: NODE -Node numbers. Value defaults (and is continually reset) to 1 + maximum node number in model. Cannot be reset lower. ELEM -Element numbers. Value defaults (and is continually reset) to 1 + maximum element number in model. Cannot be reset lower. KP -Keypoint numbers. Value defaults to 1. Only undefined numbers are used. Existing keypoints are not overwritten. LINE -Line numbers. Value defaults to 1. Only undefined numbers are used. Existing lines are not overwritten. AREA -Area numbers. Value defaults to 1. Only undefined numbers are used. Existing areas are not overwritten. VOLU -Volume numbers. Value defaults to 1. Only undefined numbers are used. Existing volumes are not overwritten. DEFA -Default. Returns all starting numbers to their default values.
VALUE
Starting number value.
Notes
Establishes starting numbers for various items that may have numbers automatically assigned (such as element numbers with the EGEN command, and node and solid model entity numbers with the mesh [AMESH, VMESH, etc.] commands). Use NUMSTR,STAT to display settings. Use NUMSTR,DEFA to reset all specifications back to defaults. Defaults may be lowered by deleting and compressing items (i.e., NDELE and NUMCMP,NODE for nodes, etc.).
Note
A mesh clear operation (VCLEAR, ACLEAR, LCLEAR, and KCLEAR )
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automatically sets starting node and element numbers to the highest unused numbers. If a specific starting node or element number is desired, issue NUMSTR after the clear operation.
Menu Paths
Main Menu>Preprocessor>Numbering Ctrls>Reset Start Num Main Menu>Preprocessor>Numbering Ctrls>Set Start Number Main Menu>Preprocessor>Numbering Ctrls>Start Num Status
Prev NUMOFF Prev NUMVAR N Commands
Next NUMVAR Next
NUMVAR
Name
NUMVAR, NV Specifies the number of variables allowed in POST26. group: POST26:Set Up product: MP ME ST DY PR EM FL PP ED
NV
Allow storage for NV variables. 200 maximum are allowed. Defaults to 10 (except for an explicit dynamics analysis, which defaults to 30). TIME (variable 1) should also be included in this number.
Command Default
Allow storage for 10 variables (30 variables for an explicit dynamics analysis).
Notes
Specifies the number of variables allowed for data read from the results file and for data resulting from an operation (if any). For efficiency, NV should not be larger than necessary. NV cannot be changed after data storage begins.
Menu Paths
Main Menu>TimeHist Postpro>Settings>File file://D:\Documents%20and%20Settings\Administrator\Local%20Settings\Temp\~hh... 20.05.2004
N Commands
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Prev NUMSTR Prev NUSORT N Commands
Next NUSORT Next
NUSORT
Name
NUSORT Restores original order for nodal data. group: POST1:Results product: MP ME ST DY PR EM FL PP ED
Notes
This command restores the nodal data to its original order (sorted in ascending node number sequence) after an NSORT command. Changing the selected nodal set [NSEL] also restores the original nodal order.
Menu Paths
Main Menu>General Postproc>List Results>Unsort Nodes
Prev NUMVAR Prev NWPAVE N Commands
Next NWPAVE Next
NWPAVE
Name
NWPAVE, N1, N2, N3, N4, N5, N6, N7, N8, N9 Moves the working plane origin to the average location of nodes. group: DATABASE:Working Plane product: MP ME ST DY PR EM FL PP ED
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N Commands
N1, N2, N3, N4, N5, N6, N7, N8, N9
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Nodes used in calculation of the average. At least one must be defined. If N1 = P, graphical picking is enabled and all remaining command fields are ignored (valid only in the GUI).
Notes
Averaging is based on the active coordinate system. This command is valid in any processor.
Menu Paths
Utility Menu>WorkPlane>Offset WP to>Nodes
Prev NUSORT Prev NWPLAN N Commands
Next NWPLAN Next
NWPLAN
Name
NWPLAN, WN, NORIG, NXAX, NPLAN Defines the working plane using three nodes. group: DATABASE:Working Plane product: MP ME ST DY PR EM FL PP ED
WN
NORIG
Node number defining the origin of the working plane coordinate system. If NORIG = P, graphical picking is enabled and all remaining command fields are ignored (valid only in the GUI).
NXAX
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N Commands
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Node number defining the x-axis orientation (defaults to the x-axis being parallel to the global X-axis; or if the normal to the working plane is parallel to the global X-axis, then defaults to being parallel to the global Y-axis).
NPLAN
Node number defining the working plane (the normal defaults to the present display view [/VIEW ] of window WN).
Notes
Defines a working plane to assist in picking operations using three nodes as an alternate to the WPLANE command. The three nodes also define the working plane coordinate system. A minimum of one node (at the working plane origin) is required. Immediate mode may also be active. See the WPSTYL command to set the style of the working plane display. This command is valid in any processor.
Menu Paths
Utility Menu>WorkPlane>Align WP with>Nodes
Prev NWPAVE Prev NWRITE N Commands
Next NWRITE Next
NWRITE
Name
NWRITE, Fname, Ext, Dir, KAPPND Writes nodes to a file. group: PREP7:Nodes product: MP ME ST DY PR EM FL PP ED
Fname
Ext
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N Commands Filename extension (8 character maximum). The extension defaults to NODE if Fname is blank.
Dir
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KAPPND
Append key: 0 -Rewind file before the write operation. 1 -Append data to the end of the existing file.
Notes
Writes selected nodes [NSEL] to a file. The write operation is not necessary in a standard ANSYS run but is provided as a convenience to users wanting a coded node file. Data are written in a coded format. The format used is (I8, 6G20.13) to write out NODE,X,Y,Z,THXY,THYZ,THZX. If the last number is zero (i.e., THZX = 0), or the last set of numbers are zero, they are not written but are left blank. Therefore, you must use a formatted read to process this file. Coordinate values are in the global Cartesian system.
Menu Paths
Main Menu>Preprocessor>Create>Nodes>Write Node File
Prev NWPLAN
Next O Commands
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O Commands O Commands ANSYS Commands Reference
Page 1 of 42
Prev
Next
O Commands
Table of Contents OMEGA OPADD OPANL OPCLR OPDATA OPDEL OPEQN OPERATE OPEXE OPFACT OPFRST OPGRAD OPKEEP OPLFA OPLGR OPLIST OPLOOP OPLSW OPMAKE OPNCONTROL OPPRNT OPRAND OPRESU OPRFA OPRGR OPRSW OPSAVE OPSEL OPSUBP OPSWEEP /OPT OPTYPE OPUSER OPVAR OUTOPT OUTPR /OUTPUT OUTRES
Prev NWRITE
Next OMEGA
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O Commands OMEGA O Commands
Page 2 of 42
Prev
Next
OMEGA
Name
OMEGA, OMEGX, OMEGY, OMEGZ, KSPIN Specifies the rotational velocity of the structure. group: SOLUTION:Inertia product: MP ME ST PR FL PP ED
OMEGX, OMEGY, OMEGZ
Rotational velocity of the structure about the global Cartesian X, Y, and Z axes.
KSPIN
Spin softening key: 0 -No modification of stiffness matrix due to rotation. 1 -Decrease radial stiffness due to rotation (i.e., include spin softening effects).
Notes
Specifies the rotational velocity of the structure about each of the global Cartesian axes (right-hand rule). Rotational velocities may be defined in analysis types ANTYPE,STATIC, HARMIC (full), TRANS (full), and SUBSTR. Rotational velocities are combined with the element mass matrices to form a body force load vector term. Units are radians/time. Related commands are ACEL, CGLOC, CGOMGA , DCGOMG, and DOMEGA. The KSPIN option allows adjusting the stiffness matrix of a rotating body for dynamic mass effects. This adjustment is referred to as spin softening. The adjustment approximates the effects of geometry changes due to large deflection circumferential vibration in a small deflection analysis. It should not be used with large deflection. It is usually used in conjunction with prestressing [PSTRES]. The overall stiffness matrix should not be reused [KUSE] if OMEGA command parameters change between substeps. See the ANSYS, Inc. Theory Reference for matrix details. This command is also valid in PREP7.
Menu Paths
O Commands Main Menu>Preprocessor>Loads>Apply>Other>Angular Velocity Main Menu>Preprocessor>Loads>Delete>Other>Angular Velocity Main Menu>Solution>Apply>Other>Angular Velocity Main Menu>Solution>Delete>Other>Angular Velocity
Page 3 of 42
Prev O Commands Prev OPADD O Commands
Next OPADD Next
OPADD
Name
OPADD, NRES, NUM1, NUM2, C1, C2 Forms a set of optimization parameters by adding two sets. group: OPTIMIZATION:Operations product: MP ME ST DY PR EM FL PP ED
NRES
Number assigned to results set. If same as existing set, the existing values will be overwritten by these results (defaults to next available set number).
NUM1
Number of first design set to be used in operation.

NUM2
Number of second design set to be used in operation (may be blank).

C1
Scale factor applied to NUM1 (defaults to 1.0).

C2
Scale factor applied to NUM2 (defaults to 1.0).
Notes
Forms a result set of parameters by adding two existing design sets according to the operation:
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O Commands
NRES
Page 4 of 42
= (C1 x NUM1) + ( C2 x NUM2)
OPADD can also be used to scale results for a single set. If no set number is specified for the results set ( NRES), it defaults to the next available set number. Because no compression of set numbers is done, the next available set number will be either 1 + the highest existing set number, or 1 + the highest set number used (if sets with higher numbers previously existed but have been removed).
Menu Paths
Main Menu>Design Opt>Combine
Prev OMEGA Prev OPANL O Commands
Next OPANL Next
OPANL
Name
OPANL, Fname, Ext, Dir Defines the analysis file to be used for optimization looping. group: OPTIMIZATION:Files product: MP ME ST DY PR EM FL PP ED
Fname

Ext

Dir
Command Default
If interactive, no default; if batch, use the batch input stream ( File.BAT).
Notes
The optimization looping file must be specified for an optimization which is performed interactively. file://D:\Documents%20and%20Settings\Administrator\Local%20Settings\Temp\~hh... 20.05.2004
O Commands
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The file must exist at the time OPANL is issued. In this file, where the /PREP7 and /OPTcommands occur, they must be the first nonblank characters on the line (i.e., do not use the $ delimiter on any /PREP7 or /OPT command lines).
Menu Paths
Main Menu>Design Opt>Assign
Prev OPADD Prev OPCLR O Commands
Next OPCLR Next
OPCLR
Name
OPCLR Clears the optimization database. group: OPTIMIZATION:Operations product: MP ME ST DY PR EM FL PP ED
Notes
Clears the optimization database. All settings are reset to their default values, and all design sets are deleted. This command is useful between multiple (independent) optimization analyses in the same batch run or interactive session.
Menu Paths
Main Menu>Design Opt>Clear & Reset
Prev OPANL Prev OPDATA O Commands
Next OPDATA Next
OPDATA
Name
OPDATA, Fname, Ext, Dir Identifies the file where optimization data is to be saved.
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O Commands group: OPTIMIZATION:Files product: MP ME ST DY PR EM FL PP ED
Page 6 of 42
Fname
Ext
Filename extension (8 character maximum). The extension defaults to OPT if Fname is blank.
Dir
Command Default
Optimization data is saved on File.OPT.
Notes
Identifies the file where optimization data is to be automatically saved during looping. Automatic saves occur at the end of each loop or iteration, and upon finishing out of the optimizer [FINISH]. (To save the data elsewhere in the optimizer, use OPSAVE.) Optimization data written to the file include DVs, SVs, saved design sets, analysis file name, etc. The data can be restored via the OPRESU command.
Menu Paths
Main Menu>Design Opt>Controls
Prev OPCLR Prev OPDEL O Commands
Next OPDEL Next
OPDEL
Name
O Commands OPDEL, NSET1, NSET2 Deletes optimization design sets. group: OPTIMIZATION:Operations product: MP ME ST DY PR EM FL PP ED
Page 7 of 42
NSET1
First design set in range to be deleted. Defaults to 0. If NSET1 is blank and NSET2 is 1, all sets from the lowest existing set number to NSET2 will be deleted. If NSET1 = ALL, all design sets are removed.
NSET2
Last design set in range to be deleted. Defaults to NSET1.
Notes
Deletes the design sets in a specified range. All sets occurring within that range (i.e., NSET1 N NSET2, where N is an existing set number) are permanently removed from the optimization database. The original set numbers are retained for remaining design sets. Note that no compression of set numbers is done. Thus, if the highest set is deleted, the next available set number will be the previously existing highest set number + 1. (A maximum of 130 design sets can be stored in the optimization database.)
Menu Paths
Main Menu>Design Opt>Select/Delete
Prev OPDATA Prev OPEQN O Commands
Next OPEQN Next
OPEQN
Name
OPEQN, KFOBJ, KFSV, KWGHT, KOPPR, INOPT Controls curve fitting for the subproblem approximation method. group: OPTIMIZATION:Specifications product: MP ME ST DY PR EM FL PP ED
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O Commands
Page 8 of 42
KFOBJ
Objective function curve fit: 0 -Quadratic plus cross-term curve fit for objective function (default). 1 -Linear curve fit. 2 -Quadratic curve fit. 3 -Quadratic plus cross-term fit (same as 0).
KFSV
State variables curve fit: 0 -Quadratic curve fit for state variables (default). 1 -Linear curve fit. 2 -Quadratic curve fit (same as 0). 3 -Quadratic plus cross-term curve fit.
KWGHT
Weighting factors: 0 -Weights applied to design sets based on triple products of distance in design space, objective function values, and feasibility/infeasibility ( KWGHT = 2, 3, and 4, below) (default). 1 -All weights set to unity.
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O Commands 2 -Weights based on distance in design space. 3 -Weights based on objective function values. 4 -Weights based on feasibility/infeasibility.
KOPPR
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Optimization printout: 0 -No printout of approximation data (default). N -Printout every nth optimization loop.
INOPT
Approximation reformulation: 0 -Approximations are updated every loop (default). N -Approximations are completely reformulated every nth loop.
Notes
Controls the curve fitting for the optimization approximations used with the subproblem approximation method [OPTYPE,SUBP]. See the ANSYS, Inc. Theory Reference for details.
Menu Paths
Main Menu>Design Opt>Method/Tool
Prev OPDEL Prev OPERATE O Commands
Next OPERATE Next
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OPERATE
Name
OPERATE Specifies "Operation data" as the subsequent status topic. group: POST26:Status product: MP ME ST DY PR EM FL PP ED
Notes
Menu Paths
Prev OPEQN Prev OPEXE O Commands
Next OPEXE Next
OPEXE
Name
OPEXE, --, --, --, MULTIRUN, TABORT, TWAIT Initiates optimization looping. group: OPTIMIZATION:Run product: MP ME ST DY PR EM FL PP ED
--, --, --
Unused fields. MULTIRUN
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Type the word MULTIRUN in this field to allow the analysis to run simultaneously across multiple machines.
TABORT
Time by which the slave computer should respond to the master. Default = 1000.
TWAIT
Frequency that ANSYS checks for returned tasks. Default = 1.0 second.
Notes
Initiates optimization looping using commands condensed from the analysis file [OPANL]. The type of optimization to be performed is specified by the OPTYPE command. Upon issuing this command, optimization looping begins and the design variables are updated as necessary based on the type of optimization chosen. Control remains with the ANSYS program until convergence or termination occurs, at which time the commands occurring after OPEXE are executed. This command is not allowed within a do-loop [*DO]. Use the MULTIRUN field to run the analysis simultaneously across multiple machines. You must first create a file called ansys.sys that lists the machines to be used. See Design Optimization for details on using the MULTIRUN capability.
Menu Paths
Main Menu>Design Opt>Run
Prev OPERATE Prev OPFACT O Commands
Next OPFACT Next
OPFACT
Name
OPFACT, Type Defines the type of factorial evaluation to be performed. group: OPTIMIZATION:Specifications product: MP ME ST DY PR EM FL PP ED
Type
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Type of factorial evaluation. Number of iterations is determined by the number of design variables ( n). FULL -Perform a full factorial analysis (default); 2**n iterations are required. n must be 1/2 -Perform a 1/2 fractional factorial analysis. (1/2)*2**n iterations are required. n must be 8. 1/4 -Perform a 1/4 fractional factorial analysis. (1/4)*2**n iterations are required. n must be 9. 1/8 -Perform a 1/8 fractional factorial analysis. (1/8)*2**n iterations are required. n must be 10. 1/16 -Perform a 1/16 fractional factorial analysis. (1/16)*2**n iterations are required. n must be 10. 1/32 -Perform a 1/32 fractional factorial analysis. (1/32)*2**n iterations are required. n must be 10. 1/64 -Perform a 1/64 fractional factorial analysis. (1/64)*2**n iterations are required. n must be 10. 7.
Command Default
Perform a full factorial analysis.
Notes
This command is valid for the factorial evaluation method of optimization [OPTYPE,FACT]. The factorial evaluation is defined as either full or fractional. The number of iterations performed is dependent on the number of design variables that have been defined ( n).
Menu Paths
20.05.2004
O Commands Prev OPEXE Prev OPFRST O Commands
Page 13 of 42 Next OPFRST Next
OPFRST
Name
OPFRST, NITR, SIZE, DELTA Defines specifications for the first order optimization method. group: OPTIMIZATION:Specifications product: MP ME ST DY PR EM FL PP ED
NITR
Maximum number of optimization iterations for the next execution [OPEXE]. Defaults to previously specified value, if any, otherwise defaults to 10.
SIZE
Limit (in percent) that is applied to the size of each line search step. For example, setting SIZE = 10 will limit design variable changes to 10 percent of the maximum range of design space (defined by feasible design variable limits specified on OPVAR commands) at each iteration. Defaults to previously specified value, if any; otherwise, defaults to 100 (percent).
DELTA
The forward difference (in percent) applied to the design variable range that is used to compute the gradient. For example, the shift in a DV is DELTA*(MAX - MIN)/100, where MIN and MAX are specified on the OPVAR command. Defaults to previously specified value, if any; otherwise, defaults to 0.2 (percent).
Command Default
NITR
= 10, SIZE = 100, DELTA = 0.2.
Notes
This command is valid for the first order method of optimization [OPTYPE,FIRST].
Menu Paths
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Prev OPFACT Prev OPGRAD O Commands
Next OPGRAD Next
OPGRAD
Name
OPGRAD, Dset, DELTA Specifies which design set will be used for gradient evaluation. group: OPTIMIZATION:Specifications product: MP ME ST DY PR EM FL PP ED
Dset
BEST -Use the best design set as the evaluation point (default). LAST -Use the last design set as the evaluation point.
n
-Use design set number n as the evaluation point.
DELTA
The forward difference applied to the design variable range that is used to compute the gradient. For example, the shift in a design variable (DV) is defined as DELTA*(MAXMIN)/100, with MIN and MAX as specified on the OPVAR command. Defaults to 0.5.
Command Default
Notes
This command is valid for the gradient evaluation method of optimization [OPTYPE,GRAD]. OPGRAD specifies which point (design set) in design space will be used to evaluate the gradient and what the forward difference will be.
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Menu Paths
Prev OPFRST Prev OPKEEP O Commands
Next OPKEEP Next
OPKEEP
Name
OPKEEP, Key Specifies whether to save the best-set results and database file. group: OPTIMIZATION:Specifications product: MP ME ST DY PR EM FL PP ED
Key
Save key: OFF -Do not save the results and database files for the best design set (default). ON -Save results and database files ( File.BRST and File.BDB) for the best design set during optimization looping.
Command Default
Do not save the database and results for the best design set.
Notes
Specifies whether or not the results file and database file corresponding to the best design set (based on all existing sets) should be saved during optimization. The saved files will be named File.BRST (or File.BRTH for thermal analysis, File.BRMG for magnetic analysis, File.BRFL for a FLOTRAN CFD analysis) and File.BDB. If Key = ON, both files will be saved at the end of each optimization loop which results in a new best design set. File.RST (results) and File.DB (database) will be saved as usual for the last design set, regardless of the Key setting. If multiple analyses are done within an optimization loop, then only the last analysis is considered for the Key = ON option. For example, if a thermal analysis is followed by a stress analysis, the files saved for the best set will be File.BRST file://D:\Documents%20and%20Settings\Administrator\Local%20Settings\Temp\~hh... 20.05.2004
O Commands and File.BDB, which will both correspond to the structural analysis.
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Menu Paths
Prev OPGRAD Prev OPLFA O Commands
Next OPLFA Next
OPLFA
Name
OPLFA, Name, Effect, EMIN, EMAX Displays the results of a factorial evaluation. group: OPTIMIZATION:Display product: MP ME ST DY PR EM FL PP ED
Name
Parameter name. The parameter must have been previously defined as the objective function or a state variable [OPVAR].
Effect
Display effects for parameter Name. MAIN -Display main effects (default). 2FAC -Display two -factor interactions. 3FAC -Display three-factor interactions.
EMIN
Minimum value of effect to be displayed. Default - computed minimum.
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EMAX
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Maximum value of effect to be displayed. Default - computed maximum.
Notes
Displays the results of a factorial analysis in bar chart form. Only the 10 largest interaction values will be displayed in the specified range ( EMIN to EMAX). This command is only valid after a factorial evaluation [OPTYPE,FACT].
Menu Paths
Main Menu>Design Opt>Tool Results>Factorial
Prev OPKEEP Prev OPLGR O Commands
Next OPLGR Next
OPLGR
Name
OPLGR, Pname, Dvnam1, Dvnam2, Dvnam3, Dvnam4, Dvnam5, Dvnam6 Graphs the results of a gradient evaluation. group: OPTIMIZATION:Display product: MP ME ST DY PR EM FL PP ED
Pname
Response parameter name. The parameter must have been previously defined as the objective function or a state variable [OPVAR].
Dvnam1, Dvnam2, Dvnam3, Dvnam4, Dvnam5, Dvnam6
Design variable names.
Notes
This command is only valid after a gradient evaluation [OPTYPE,GRAD]. Pname is graphed with respect to a plus or minus 1% change in design variable ( Dvnam1,...Dvnam6).
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Menu Paths
Main Menu>Design Opt>Tool Results>Gradient
Prev OPLFA Prev OPLIST O Commands
Next OPLIST Next
OPLIST
Name
OPLIST, SET1, SET2, LKEY Displays the parameters for design sets. group: OPTIMIZATION:Display product: MP ME ST DY PR EM FL PP ED
SET1, SET2
Display values of all analysis parameters from SET1 (defaults to the highest existing set) to SET2 (defaults to SET1). If SET1 = ALL, display for all sets.
LKEY
Listing key: 0 -List only scalar parameters related to optimization. 1 -List all analysis scalar parameters.
Notes
Displays the values of the parameters for specified design sets. Note that a *STATUS command may also be issued to display various optimization data.
Menu Paths
Main Menu>Design Opt>List
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O Commands Prev OPLGR Prev OPLOOP O Commands
Page 19 of 42 Next OPLOOP Next
OPLOOP
Name
OPLOOP , Read, Dvar, Parms Specifies controls for optimization looping. group: OPTIMIZATION:Specifications product: MP ME ST DY PR EM FL PP ED
Read
Indicates where to begin reading the analysis file during optimization looping. Note that the /PREP7 command (and the /OPT command) must occur as the first nonblank characters on a line in the analysis file (i.e., do not use the $ delimiter). Defaults to previously specified label, if any; otherwise, defaults to TOP: TOP -Read from the first line. PREP -Read from the first occurrence of /PREP7.
Dvar
Indicates how to treat parameters which have been designated as design variables (DVs) during optimization looping. Defaults to previously specified label, if any; otherwise, defaults to IGNORE: IGNORE -Do not process DV parameter assignments in the analysis file during looping. PROCESS -Process DV parameter assignments in the analysis file during looping.
Parms
Indicates which types of parameters to save during optimization looping. Defaults to previously specified label, if any; otherwise, defaults to SCALAR:
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O Commands SCALAR -Save scalar parameters only. ALL -Save all parameters, both scalar and array.
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Command Default
Read
= TOP, Dvar = IGNORE, and Parms = SCALAR.
Menu Paths
Prev OPLIST Prev OPLSW O Commands
Next OPLSW Next
OPLSW
Name
OPLSW, Pname, Dvnam1, Dvnam2, Dvnam3, Dvnam4, Dvnam5, Dvnam6 Graphs the results of a global sweep generation. group: OPTIMIZATION:Display product: MP ME ST DY PR EM FL PP ED
Pname
Response parameter name. The parameter must have been previously defined as the objective function or a state variable (OPVAR).
Dvnam1, Dvnam2, Dvnam3, Dvnam4, Dvnam5, Dvnam6
Design variable names.
Notes
This command is only valid after a global sweep generation [OPTYPE,SWEEP]. Pname is graphed with respect to the specified design variables (Dvnam1,...,Dvnam6). The design variables are file://D:\Documents%20and%20Settings\Administrator\Local%20Settings\Temp\~hh... 20.05.2004
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Page 21 of 42
Menu Paths
Main Menu>Design Opt>Tool Results>Sweeps
Prev OPLOOP Prev OPMAKE O Commands
Next OPMAKE Next
OPMAKE
Name
OPMAKE Creates a design set using active scalar parameter values. group: OPTIMIZATION:Operations product: MP ME ST DY PR EM FL PP ED
Notes
The next available design set number is assigned to the new design set. Because no compression of set numbers is done, the next available set number will be either 1 + the highest existing set number, or 1 + the highest set number used (if sets with higher numbers previously existed but have been removed). Multiple design sets can be created by repeated use of PARRES (to read parameters from a file) and OPMAKE.
Menu Paths
Main Menu>Design Opt>Create
Prev OPLSW Prev OPNCONTROL O Commands
Next OPNCONTROL Next
OPNCONTROL
Name
OPNCONTROL, Lab, VALUE, NUMSTEP Sets decision parameter for automatically increasing the
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O Commands time step interval. group: SOLUTION:Analysis Options product: MP ME ST PR EM PP ED
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Lab
DOF label used to base a decision for increasing the time step (sub-step) interval in a nonlinear or transient analysis. The only DOF label currently supported is TEMP.
VALUE, NUMSTEP
Two values used in algorithm for deciding if the time step interval can be increased. The time step interval is increased if the maximum absolute value of the incremental solution at the specified DOF label is less than VALUE for the number of contiguous time steps specified by NUMSTEP. The default for VALUE is 0.1 and the default for NUMSTEP is 3.
Notes
This command is available only for nonlinear or transient analysis, and only when SOLCONTROL,ON.
Menu Paths
Main Menu>Preprocessor>Loads>Nonlinear>Open Control Main Menu>Solution>Nonlinear>Open Control
Prev OPMAKE Prev OPPRNT O Commands
Next OPPRNT Next
OPPRNT
Name
OPPRNT, Key Activates detailed optimization summary printout. group: OPTIMIZATION:Specifications product: MP ME ST DY PR EM FL PP ED
O Commands
Key
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Summary key: OFF -Do not print details (default). ON -Print the detailed summary. FULL -Same as Key = ON, but includes a full list of all design sets.
Notes
Activates detailed optimization summary printout to the primary output during optimization analysis.
Menu Paths
Prev OPNCONTROL Prev OPRAND O Commands
Next OPRAND Next
OPRAND
Name
OPRAND, NITR, NFEAS Defines the number of iterations for a random optimization. group: OPTIMIZATION:Specifications product: MP ME ST DY PR EM FL PP ED
NITR
Maximum number of optimization iterations for the next execution [OPEXE]. Defaults to previously specified value, if any; otherwise, defaults to 1.
NFEAS
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Desired total number of feasible design sets (including existing feasible sets). Once NFEAS feasible sets are achieved, random iterations are terminated. If 0 is input, NITR random iterations will be performed independent of the number of feasible designs that are obtained. Defaults to previously specified value, if any; otherwise, defaults to 0.
Command Default
Perform 1 iteration.
Notes
This command is valid for the random design generation method of optimization [OPTYPE,RAND].
Menu Paths
Prev OPPRNT Prev OPRESU O Commands
Next OPRESU Next
OPRESU
Name
OPRESU, Fname, Ext, Dir Reads optimization data into the optimization database. group: OPTIMIZATION:Files product: MP ME ST DY PR EM FL PP ED
Fname
Ext
Dir
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O Commands Directory name (64 characters maximum). Defaults to current directory.
Page 25 of 42
Notes
Reads optimization data from the specified file into the optimization database. Optimization data must have been previously saved to this file [OPSAVE], or automatically written to this file in an earlier optimization analysis. All existing parameters will be deleted and replaced by those stored on the resumed file. (To save existing parameters, use PARSAV before OPRESU.)
Menu Paths
Main Menu>Design Opt>Resume
Prev OPRAND Prev OPRFA O Commands
Next OPRFA Next
OPRFA
Name
OPRFA, Name Prints the results of a factorial evaluation. group: OPTIMIZATION:Display product: MP ME ST DY PR EM FL PP ED
Name
Parameter name. The parameter must have been previously defined as the objective function or a state variable [OPVAR]. If Name = ALL, print results for all optimization response variables (default).
Notes
This command is only valid after a factorial evaluation [OPTYPE,FACT].
Menu Paths
Main Menu>Design Opt>Tool Results>Print
Prev
Next
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O Commands OPRESU Prev OPRGR O Commands
Page 26 of 42 OPRGR Next
OPRGR
Name
OPRGR, Name Prints the results of a gradient evaluation. group: OPTIMIZATION:Display product: MP ME ST DY PR EM FL PP ED
Name
Parameter name. The parameter must have been previously defined as the objective function or a state variable [OPVAR]. If Name = ALL, print results for all optimization response variables (default).
Notes
This command is only valid after a gradient evaluation [OPTYPE,GRAD].
Menu Paths
Prev OPRFA Prev OPRSW O Commands
Next OPRSW Next
OPRSW
Name
OPRSW, Name Prints the results of a global sweep generation. group: OPTIMIZATION:Display product: MP ME ST DY PR EM FL PP ED
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Name
Parameter name. The parameter must have been previously defined as the objective function or a state variable (OPVAR). If Name = ALL, print results for all optimization response variables (default).
Notes
This command is only valid after a global sweep generation [OPTYPE,SWEEP].
Menu Paths
Prev OPRGR Prev OPSAVE O Commands
Next OPSAVE Next
OPSAVE
Name
OPSAVE, Fname, Ext, Dir Writes all optimization data to a file. group: OPTIMIZATION:Files product: MP ME ST DY PR EM FL PP ED
Fname
Ext
Dir
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O Commands Directory name (64 characters maximum). Defaults to current directory.
Page 28 of 42
Notes
Writes all optimization data to File.OPT or a named file. Saved data includes optimization data only (DVs, SVs, saved design sets, analysis file name, etc.). The data can be restored [OPRESU] for an optimization restart.
Menu Paths
Main Menu>Design Opt>Save
Prev OPRSW Prev OPSEL O Commands
Next OPSEL Next
OPSEL
Name
OPSEL, NSEL Selects design sets for subsequent optimization looping. group: OPTIMIZATION:Operations product: MP ME ST DY PR EM FL PP ED
NSEL
Number of best design sets to be selected. If NSEL = -1, select all feasible designs. If NSEL is positive and no objective function is defined, the following occurs: all infeasible design sets are removed; next the lowest number (oldest) feasible design sets are removed until NSEL sets are left (i.e., the latest feasible design sets are kept).
Notes
A number of best design sets or all feasible design sets may be specified. ("Best" design sets are determined by the objective function value for each feasible design.) All design sets not selected are permanently removed from the optimization database. The original set numbers are retained for remaining design sets. Note that no compression of set numbers is done. Thus, if the highest set is removed, the next available set will still be the previously used highest set number + 1. (A maximum of 130 design sets can be stored in the optimization database.)
Menu Paths
O Commands Main Menu>Design Opt>Select/Delete
Page 29 of 42
Prev OPSAVE Prev OPSUBP O Commands
Next OPSUBP Next
OPSUBP
Name
OPSUBP, NITR, NINFS Defines number of iterations for subproblem approximation method. group: OPTIMIZATION:Specifications product: MP ME ST DY PR EM FL PP ED
NITR
NINFS
Maximum number of consecutive infeasible design sets that are allowed. Once NINFS consecutive infeasible sets are encountered, iterations are terminated. Defaults to previously specified value, if any; otherwise, defaults to 7.
Command Default
NITR
= 30, NINFS = 7.
Notes
This command is valid for the subproblem approximation method of optimization [OPTYPE,SUBP].
Menu Paths
Prev OPSEL
Next OPSWEEP
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Prev
Next
OPSWEEP
Name
OPSWEEP, Dset, NSPS Specifies the reference point and number of evaluation points for a sweep generation. group: OPTIMIZATION:Specifications product: MP ME ST DY PR EM FL PP ED
Dset
BEST -Use the best design set as the reference point (default). LAST -Use the last design set as the reference point. N -Use design set number N as the reference point.
NSPS
Number of evaluation points used for each design variable sweep. Two to ten evaluation points are allowed. Defaults to 2 (i.e., the minimum and maximum design variable values).
Command Default
As described by the arguments above.
Notes
This command is valid for the sweep evaluation method of optimization [OPTYPE,SWEEP].
Menu Paths
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O Commands Prev OPSUBP Prev /OPT O Commands
Page 31 of 42 Next /OPT Next
/OPT
Name
/OPT Enters the design optimizer. group: SESSION:Processor Entry OPTIMIZATION:Specifications product: MP ME ST DY PR EM FL PP ED
Notes
Enters the ANSYS optimizer for design optimization by iterative analyses. Upon issuing this command, if there are no existing design sets, all currently defined numerical scalar parameters are established as design set number 1. This command is valid only at the Begin Level.
Menu Paths
Main Menu>Design Opt
Prev OPSWEEP Prev OPTYPE O Commands
Next OPTYPE Next
OPTYPE
Name
OPTYPE, Mname Specifies the optimization method to be used. group: OPTIMIZATION:Specifications product: MP ME ST DY PR EM EH FL PP ED
O Commands
Mname
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Name of the optimization method to be used: SUBP -Subproblem approximation method. Specifications for this method are defined on the OPSUBP command. FIRST -First order optimization method. Specifications for this method are defined on the OPFRST command. RAND -Perform random iterations. Specifications for this method are defined on the OPRAND command. RUN -Perform a single optimization run with current parameter values for the defined design variables. FACT -Perform factored design iterations. Specifications for this method are defined on the OPFACT command. GRAD -Compute a gradient (design sensitivity) at a point in design space. Specifications for this method are defined on the OPGRAD command. SWEEP -Perform global sweeps through global design space starting from a single design set. Specifications for this method are defined on the OPSWEEP command. USER -User-supplied external optimization. See the ANSYS Advanced Analysis Techniques Guide for user optimization information (USEROP routine). Parameters used for this method are defined on the OPUSER command.
Command Default
Perform a single optimization run (Mname = RUN) with current parameter values for the defined design variables.
Notes
Specifies the optimization method to be used upon execution [OPEXE].
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= USER is only allowed in ANSYS/Multiphysics, ANSYS/Mechanical, ANSYS/Structural, and ANSYS/PrepPost.
Mname
Menu Paths
Prev /OPT Prev OPUSER O Commands
Next OPUSER Next
OPUSER
Name
OPUSER, NITR, VAL1, VAL2, VAL3, VAL4, VAL5, VAL6, VAL7, VAL8 Defines specifications for usersupplied external optimization. group: OPTIMIZATION:Specifications product: MP ME ST PP
NITR
VAL1, VAL2, VAL3, VAL4, VAL5, VAL6, VAL7, VAL8
Numerical values (double precision) for user -supplied optimizer. Values may be the results of parameter evaluations. Values are written to File.OPT after the parameter set data. VAL1-VAL8 default to previously specified values, if any; otherwise, default to 0.
Command Default
NITR
= 1, VAL1 through VAL8 equal zero.
Notes
Defines the number of iterations and the parameter values for user-supplied external optimization [OPTYPE,USER]. Values are passed to the user routine (USEROP) through the optimization common block. file://D:\Documents%20and%20Settings\Administrator\Local%20Settings\Temp\~hh... 20.05.2004
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Menu Paths
Prev OPTYPE Prev OPVAR O Commands
Next OPVAR Next
OPVAR
Name
OPVAR, Name, Type, MIN, MAX, TOLER Specifies the parameters to be treated as optimization variables. group: OPTIMIZATION:Specifications product: MP ME ST DY PR EM FL PP ED
Name
Parameter name (must be a scalar parameter).

Type
Optimization variable type: DV -Design variable. MAX must also be specified. SV -State variable, also referred to as a constrained variable. (Usually defined via a *GET command.) MIN, or MAX, or both must be specified. OBJ -Objective function (variable to be minimized). Only one objective function is allowed. MIN and MAX are not used. DEL -Deletes this optimization variable (does not delete the parameter). This option only has meaning if the parameter Name was previously defined as an optimization variable (DV, SV, or OBJ). The parameter retains the value assigned during the last loop. MIN and MAX file://D:\Documents%20and%20Settings\Administrator\Local%20Settings\Temp\~hh... 20.05.2004
O Commands are not used.

MIN
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Minimum value for this parameter. For Type = DV, MIN must be greater than 0.0 and defaults to 0.001*( MAX). For Type = SV, there will be no lower limit if MIN is left blank, but if MIN = 0.0, the lower limit is zero. MIN is ignored for Type = OBJ. MIN is also ignored for Type = DEL (except for the special case when Name = (blank) and Type = DEL, as described next). When the GUI is on, if a Delete operation (in a Design Variables or State Variables dialog box) writes this command to a log file (Jobname.LOG or Jobname.LGW), you will observe that Name is blank, Type = DEL, and MIN is an integer number. In this case, the GUI has assigned a value of MIN that corresponds to the location of a chosen variable name in the dialog box's list. It is not intended that you type in such a location value for MIN in an ANSYS session. However, a file that contains a GUI-generated OPVAR command of this form can be used for batch input or for use with the /INPUT command.
MAX
Maximum value for this parameter. Required for Type = DV and ignored for Type = OBJ or DEL. For Type = SV, there will be no upper limit if MAX is left blank, but if MAX = 0.0, the upper limit is zero.
TOLER
For Type = DV and OBJ, acceptable change between loops for convergence; defaults to 0.01* (current value) for OBJ and 0.01*( MAX- MIN) for DV. For Type = SV, defines feasibility tolerance. For double-sided SV limits ( MAX and MIN specified), the default is 0.01*( MAX-MIN). For a single-sided SV limit ( MAX or MIN specified), the default is 0.01*(specified limit) or, if the absolute value of the limit is < 1, the default is 0.01*(current SV value). TOLER is ignored for Type = DEL.
Command Default
No optimization parameters defined.
Notes
Specifies the parameters to be treated as optimization variables. Variable constraints ( MIN and MAX) and tolerances ( TOLER) are also specified on this command. If the specified parameter ( Name) does not exist at the time OPVAR is issued, the OPVAR command defines that parameter and assigns a value of zero to it. Up to 60 DV and 100 SV parameters are allowed.
Menu Paths
Main Menu>Design Opt>Design Variables Main Menu>Design Opt>Objective Main Menu>Design Opt>State Variables
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OUTOPT
Name
OUTOPT Specifies "Output options" as the subsequent status topic. group: SOLUTION:Status product: MP ME ST DY PR EM FL PP ED
Notes
Menu Paths
Utility Menu>List>Status>Solution>Output Options
Prev OPVAR Prev OUTPR O Commands
Next OUTPR Next
OUTPR
Name
OUTPR, Item, FREQ, Cname Controls the solution printout. group: SOLUTION:Misc Loads product: MP ME ST PR EM FL PP ED
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O Commands
Item
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Item for print control: BASIC -Basic quantities (nodal DOF solution, nodal reaction loads, and element solution) (default). NSOL -Nodal DOF solution. RSOL -Nodal reaction loads. ESOL -Element solution. NLOAD -Element nodal loads. VENG -Element energies. ALL -All of the above solution items.
FREQ
Print solution for this item every FREQ th (and the last) substep of each load step. If -n, print up to n equally spaced solutions (for automatic time stepping). If NONE, suppress all printout for this item for this load step. If ALL, print solution for this item for every substep. If LAST, print solution for this item only for the last substep of each load step. For a modal analysis, use NONE or ALL.
Cname
Name of the component, created with the CM command, defining the selected set of nodes or elements for which this specification is active. If blank, the set is all entities.
Note
The component named must be of the same type as the item, i.e. nodal or element. A component name is not allowed with the BASIC or ALL labels.
Command Default
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O Commands No printout.
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Notes
Controls the solution items to be printed, the frequency with which they are printed (in static, transient, or full harmonic analyses), and the set of nodes or elements to which this specification applies. An item is associated with either a node (NSOL and RFORCE items) or an element (all of the remaining items). The specifications are processed in the order that they are input. Up to 50 specifications (OUTPR and OUTRES commands combined) may be defined. Use OUTPR,STAT to list the current specifications and use OUTPR,ERASE to erase all the current specifications. As described above, OUTPR writes some or all items (depending on analysis type) for all elements. To restrict the solution printout, use OUTPR to selectively suppress ( FREQ = NONE) the writing of solution data, or first suppress the writing of all solution data (OUTPR,ALL,NONE) and then selectively turn on the writing of solution data with subsequent OUTPR commands. This command is also valid in PREP7.
Menu Paths
Main Menu>Preprocessor>Loads>Output Ctrls>Solu Printout Main Menu>Solution>Output Ctrls>Solu Printout
Prev OUTOPT Prev /OUTPUT O Commands
Next /OUTPUT Next
/OUTPUT
Name
/OUTPUT, Fname, Ext, Dir, Loc Redirects text output to a file or to the screen. group: SESSION:Run Controls product: MP ME ST DY PR EM FL PP ED
Fname
Filename (32 character maximum) to which text output will be redirected (defaults to Jobname if Ext and/or Dir is specified). For interactive runs, Fname = TERM (or blank) redirects output to the screen. For batch runs, Fname = blank (with all remaining command arguments blank) redirects output to the default system output file.
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O Commands
Ext
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Dir

Loc
Location within a file to which output will be written: (blank) -Output is written starting at the top of the file (default). APPEND -Output is appended to the existing file.
Command Default
Text output is written to the screen for interactive runs and to the system output file for batch runs (see the ANSYS Basic Analysis Guide).
Notes
Text output includes responses to every command and GUI function, notes, warnings, errors, and other informational messages. Upon execution of /OUTPUT,Fname,Ext..., all subsequent text output is redirected to the file Fname.Ext. To redirect output back to the default location, issue /OUTPUT (no arguments).
Note
When using the GUI, output from list operations [NLIST, DLIST, etc.] is always sent to a list window regardless of the /OUTPUT setting. The output can then be saved on a file or copied to the /OUTPUT location using the File menu in the list window. This command is valid in any processor.
Menu Paths
Utility Menu>File>Switch Output to>File Utility Menu>File>Switch Output to>Output Window
Prev OUTPR Prev OUTRES O Commands
Next OUTRES Next
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OUTRES
Name
OUTRES , Item, FREQ, Cname Controls the solution data written to the database. group: SOLUTION:Misc Loads product: MP ME ST PR EM PP ED
Item
Item for database and file write control: ALL -All solution items except SVAR and LOCI records (default). BASIC -Write only NSOL, RSOL, NLOAD, STRS, FGRAD, and FFLUX records to the results file and database. NSOL -Nodal DOF solution. RSOL -Nodal reaction loads. ESOL -Element solution (includes all of the following items). NLOAD -Element nodal loads and input constraint and force loads (also used in conjunction with the PRRFOR command to calculate POST1 reaction loads). STRS -Element nodal stresses. EPEL -Element elastic strains. EPTH --
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O Commands Element thermal, initial, and swelling strains. EPPL -Element plastic strains. EPCR -Element creep strains. FGRAD -Element nodal gradients. FFLUX -Element nodal fluxes. LOCI -Integration point locations. SVAR -State variables (used only by USERMAT). MISC --
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Element miscellaneous data (see the SMISC and NMISC items of the ETABLE command).
FREQ
If FREQ = n, write solution for this item every nth (and the last) substep of each load step. If FREQ, write up to n equally spaced solutions (for automatic loading). If FREQ = NONE, suppress all writing for this item for this load step. If ALL, write solution for this item for every substep (default for ANTYPE,HARMIC and any expansion pass [EXPASS,ON]). If LAST, write solution for this item only for the last substep of each load step (default for ANTYPE,STATIC and TRANS). If FREQ = %array%, where array is the name of an nx1x1 dimensional array parameter defining n key times, then the data for the specified Item is written at those key times. Keytimes in the array parameter must be in ascending order. Time values must be between the beginning and ending time values of the load step. For multiple load step problems, you must either change the parameter values to fall between the beginning and ending time values of the load step or erase the current settings and reissue the command with a new array parameter. The time-step size is not re-set at the keytimes unless the time points coincide with those defined using the TSRES command. See *DIM for more information on defining array parameters.
Cname
Name of the component, created with the CM command, defining the selected set of elements or nodes for which this specification is active. If blank, the set is all entities. A component name is not allowed with the ALL, BASIC, or RSOL labels.
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Command Default
Write all items as follows: For ANTYPE,STATIC and TRANS, the default is to write the last substep of each load step. For ANTYPE,HARMIC and any expansion pass, the default is to write every substep. For reduced or mode superposition transients, the default is to write the reduced displacements file every 4th substep (as well as the last substep), unless gap conditions exist, then the default is to write every substep.
Notes
Controls the solution items to be written to the database (and the reduced displacement and results files), the frequency with which they are written (in static, transient, or full harmonic analyses), and the set of elements or nodes to which this specification applies. An item is associated with either a node (NSOL and RSOL items) or an element (all of the remaining items). The specifications are processed in the order that they are input. A keytime array parameter input for the FREQ option cannot be used in combination with other FREQ options. Up to 50 specifications (OUTPR and OUTRES commands combined) may be defined. Use OUTRES,STAT to list the current specifications and use OUTRES ,ERASE to erase all the current specifications. As described above, the program default for writing out solution data is to write some or all items (depending on analysis type) for all elements. To restrict the solution data that is written out, use OUTRES to selectively suppress (FREQ = NONE) the writing of solution data, or first suppress the writing of all solution data (OUTRES ,ALL,NONE) and then selectively turn on the writing of solution data with subsequent OUTRES commands. The boundary conditions (constraints and force loads) are written to the results file only if either nodal or reaction loads are written (NLOAD or RSOL items). If you use an array of time values ( FREQ = %array%) in conjunction with a time step reset array (TSRES command), you need to ensure that any FREQ array time values exceed the nearest TSRES array value by the initial time step increment specified with DELTIM,DTIME or NSUBST,NSBSTP. For example, if you have a FREQ array with the values 1.5, 2, 10, 14.1, and 15, and a TSRES array with the values 1, 2, 10, 14, and 16 (where the time stepping would restart at those values), and you specify an initial time time step increment of DTIME =.2, the program will stop. In this example, the requested FREQ array value of 14.1 does not exist, because the TSRES value specified that the time step be reset at 14 and increment at an interval of .2; therefore, the first available time for the FREQ array would be 14.2. This command is also valid in PREP7.
Menu Paths
Prev /OUTPUT
Next P Commands
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P Commands P Commands ANSYS Commands Reference
Page 1 of 240
Prev
Next
P Commands
Table of Contents PADELE /PAGE PAGET PAPUT PARESU PARRES PARSAV PARTSEL PASAVE PATH /PBC /PBF PCALC PCIRC /PCIRCLE PCONV /PCOPY PCORRO PCROSS PDANL PDBBM PDCCD PDCDF PDCFLD PDCLR PDCMAT PDCORR PDDMCS PDEF PDEXE PDHIST PDINQR PDLHS PDMETH PDOT PDPINV PDPLOT PDPROB PDRAG PDRESU PDROPT /PDS PDSAVE
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P Commands PDSCAT PDSENS PDSHIS PDUSER PDVAR PDWRITE PEMOPTS PERBC2D PERI PEXCLUDE PFACT PFLUID PGAP PGRAPH PGRSET PGSAVE PGSELE PGWRITE PHYSICS /PICE PINCLUDE PINSUL PIPE PIVCHECK PLCONV PLCPLX PLCRACK PLDISP PLESOL PLETAB PLF2D PLHFFAR PLLS PLNSOL /PLOPTS PLOT PLOTTING PLPAGM PLPATH PLSECT PLTIME PLTRAC PLVAR PLVAROPT PLVECT PLVFRC PLWAVE /PMACRO PMAP PMETH /PMETH PMGTRAN PMLOPT PMOPTS /PMORE file://D:\Documents%20and%20Settings\Administrator\Local%20Settings\Temp\~hh...
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P Commands PNGR /PNUM POINT POLY /POLYGON POPT /POST1 /POST26 POUTRES POWERH PPATH PPLOT PPRANGE PPRES PRANGE PRCONV PRCPLX PRECISION PRED /PREP7 PRERR PRESOL PRETAB PRHFFAR PRI2 PRIM PRINT PRISM PRITER PRNLD PRNSOL PROD PRPATH PRRFOR PRRSOL PRSECT PRSSOL PRTIME PRVAR PRVAROPT PRVECT PSCR PSDCOM PSDFRQ PSDGRAPH PSDRES PSDSPL PSDUNIT PSDVAL PSDWAV /PSEARCH PSEL /PSF PSMESH PSOLVE file://D:\Documents%20and%20Settings\Administrator\Local%20Settings\Temp\~hh...
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P Commands PSPEC /PSPEC PSPRNG /PSTATUS PSTRES /PSYMB PTEMP PTXY PUNIT PVECT /PWEDGE
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Prev OUTRES Prev PADELE P Commands
Next PADELE Next
PADELE
Name
PADELE, DELOPT Deletes a defined path. group: POST1:Path Operations product: MP ME ST DY PR EM FL PP ED
DELOPT
Path delete option (one of the following): ALL -Delete all defined paths. NAME -Delete a specific path from the list of path definitions. (Substitute the actual path name for NAME.)
Command Default
Deletes the currently active path.
Notes
Paths are identified by individual path names. To review the current list of path names, issue the file://D:\Documents%20and%20Settings\Administrator\Local%20Settings\Temp\~hh... 20.05.2004
P Commands command PATH,STATUS. This command is valid in the general postprocessor.
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Menu Paths
Main Menu>General Postproc>Path Operations>Archive Path>Path from array Main Menu>General Postproc>Path Operations>Delete Path>All Paths Main Menu>General Postproc>Path Operations>Delete Path>By Name
Prev P Commands Prev /PAGE P Commands
Next /PAGE Next
/PAGE
Name
/PAGE, ILINE, ICHAR, BLINE, BCHAR Defines the printout and screen page size. group: POST1:Listing product: MP ME ST DY PR EM FL PP ED
ILINE
Number of lines (11 minimum) per "page" or screen. Defaults to 24. Applies to interactive non-GUI to the screen output only.
ICHAR
Number of characters (41 to 132) per line before wrap-around. Defaults to 80. Applies to interactive non-GUI to the screen output only.
BLINE
Number of lines (11 minimum) per page. Defaults to 56. Applies to batch mode [/BATCH], diverted [/OUTPUT], or interactive GUI [/MENU] output.
BCHAR
Number of characters (41 to 240 (system dependent)) per line before wrap-around. Defaults to 132. Applies to batch mode [/BATCH], diverted [/OUTPUT], or interactive GUI [/MENU ] output.
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Command Default
As defined by the items above.
Notes
Defines the printout page size for batch runs and the screen page size for interactive runs. Applies to the POST1 PRNSOL, PRESOL, PRETAB, PRRSOL, and PRPATH commands. See the /HEADER command for additional controls (page ejects, headers, etc.) that affect the amount of printout. A blank (or out-of-range) value retains the previous setting. Issue /PAGE,STAT to display the current settings. Issue /PAGE,DEFA to reset the default specifications. This command is valid in any processor.
Menu Paths
Prev PADELE Prev PAGET P Commands
Next PAGET Next
PAGET
Name
PAGET, PARRAY, POPT Writes current path information into an array variable. group: POST1:Path Operations product: MP ME ST DY PR EM FL PP ED
PARRAY
The name of the array parameter that the ANSYS program creates to store the path information. If the array parameter already exists, it will be replaced with the current path information.
POPT
Determines how data will be stored in the parameter specified with PARRAY: POINTS -Store the path points, the nodes (if any), and coordinate system. (For information on
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defining paths and path points, see the descriptions of the PATH and PPATH commands.) TABLE -Store the path data items. (See the PDEF command description for path data items.) LABEL -Stores path data labels.
Notes
Use the PAGET command together with the PAPUT command to store and retrieve path data in array variables for archiving purposes. When retrieving path information, restore the path points (POINTS option) first, then the path data (TABLE option), and then the path labels (LABEL option).
Menu Paths
Main Menu>General Postproc>Path Operations>Archive Path>Path in array
Prev /PAGE Prev PAPUT P Commands
Next PAPUT Next
PAPUT
Name
PAPUT, PARRAY, POPT Retrieves path information from an array variable. group: POST1:Path Operations product: MP ME ST DY PR EM FL PP ED
PARRAY
Name of the array variable containing the path information.

POPT
Specifies which path data to retrieve: POINTS --
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P Commands
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Retrieve path point information (specified with the PPATH command and stored with the PAGET,POINTS command). The path data name will be assigned to the path points. TABLE -Retrieve path data items (defined via the PDEF command and stored with the PAGET,,TABLE command). LABEL -Retrieve path labels stored with the PAGET,,LABEL command.
Notes
When retrieving path information, restore path points (POINTS option) first, then the path data (TABLE option), and then the path labels (LABEL option).
Menu Paths
Main Menu>General Postproc>Path Operations>Archive Path>Path from array
Prev PAGET Prev PARESU P Commands
Next PARESU Next
PARESU
Name
PARESU, Lab, Fname, Ext, Dir Restores previously saved paths from a file. group: POST1:Path Operations product: MP ME ST DY PR EM FL PP ED
Lab
Read operation: ALL -Read all paths from the selected file (default).
Fname
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P Commands File name (32 characters maximum). The file name defaults to Jobname.
Ext
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Filename extension (8 character maximum). The extension defaults to PATH if Fname is blank.
Dir
Notes
This command removes all paths from virtual memory and then reads path data from a file written with the PASAVE command. All paths on the file will be restored. All paths currently in memory will be deleted.
Menu Paths
Main Menu>General Postproc>Path Operations>Archive Path>Paths from file
Prev PAPUT Prev PARRES P Commands
Next PARRES Next
PARRES
Name
PARRES, Lab, Fname, Ext, Dir Reads parameters from a file. group: APDL:Parameters product: MP ME ST DY PR EM FL PP ED
Lab
Read operation: NEW -Replace current parameter set with these parameters (default).
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P Commands CHANGE --
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Extend current parameter set with these parameters, replacing any that already exist.
Fname
Ext
Filename extension (8 character maximum). The extension defaults to PARM if Fname is blank.
Dir
Notes
Reads parameters from a coded file. The parameter file may have been written with the PARSAV command. The parameters read may replace or change the current parameter set. This command is valid in any processor.
Menu Paths
Utility Menu>Parameters>Restore Parameters
Prev PARESU Prev PARSAV P Commands
Next PARSAV Next
PARSAV
Name
PARSAV, Lab, Fname, Ext, Dir Writes parameters to a file. group: APDL:Parameters product: MP ME ST DY PR EM FL PP ED
P Commands
Lab
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Write operation: SCALAR -Write only scalar parameters (default). ALL -Write scalar and array parameters. Parameters may be numeric or alphanumeric.
Fname
Ext
Filename extension (8 character maximum). The extension defaults to PARM if Fname is blank.
Dir
Notes
Writes the current parameters to a coded file. Previous parameters on this file, if any, will be overwritten. The parameter file may be read with the PARRES command. This command is valid in any processor.
Menu Paths
Utility Menu>Parameters>Save Parameters
Prev PARRES Prev PARTSEL P Commands
Next PARTSEL Next
PARTSEL
Name
PARTSEL, Type, PMIN, PMAX, PINC Selects a subset of parts in an explicit dynamic analysis. file://D:\Documents%20and%20Settings\Administrator\Local%20Settings\Temp\~hh... 20.05.2004
P Commands group: DATABASE:Selecting product: DY
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Type
Label identifying type of select. Because PARTSEL is a command macro, the label must be enclosed in single quotes. 'S' -Select a new set (default). 'R' -Reselect a set from the current set. 'A' -Additionally select a set and extend the current set. 'U' -Unselect a set from the current set. 'ALL' -Select all parts. 'NONE' -Unselect all parts. 'INVE' -Invert the current selected set. The following fields are used only with Type = 'S', 'R', 'A', or 'U':
PMIN
Minimum part number in the range to be selected.

PMAX
Maximum part number in the range to be selected (defaults to PMIN).

PINC
Part number increment in the range to be selected (default =1).
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Notes
PARTSEL invokes an ANSYS macro that selects parts in an explicit dynamic analysis. When PARTSEL is executed, an element component is automatically created for each existing part. For example, the elements that make up PART 1 are grouped into the element component _PART1. Each time the PARTSEL command is executed, components for unselected parts will be unselected. To plot selected parts, choose Utility Menu>Plot>Parts in the GUI or issue the command PARTSEL,'PLOT'. After selecting parts, if you change the selected set of nodes or elements and then plot parts, the nodes and elements associated with the previously selected parts (from the last PARTSEL command) will become the currently selected set. In an explicit dynamic small restart analysis (EDSTART ,2), a part can be unselected during the solution even if it is referenced in some way (such as in a contact definition). However, in a new analysis or a full restart analysis (EDSTART ,3), all parts that are used in some type of definition must be selected at the time of solution. This command is valid in any processor.
Menu Paths
Utility Menu>Select>Select Parts
Prev PARSAV Prev PASAVE P Commands
Next PASAVE Next
PASAVE
Name
PASAVE, Lab, Fname, Ext, Dir Saves selected paths to an external file. group: POST1:Path Operations product: MP ME ST DY PR EM FL PP ED
Lab
Write operation: S -Saves only selected paths.
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P Commands ALL -Saves all paths (default). Pname -Saves the named path (from the PSEL command).
Fname
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Ext
Filename extension (8 character maximum). The extension defaults to PATH if Fname is blank.
Dir
Notes
Saves the paths selected with the PSEL command to an external file ( Jobname.path by default). Previous paths on this file, if any, will be overwritten. The path file may be read with the PARESU command. This command is valid in /Post1.
Menu Paths
Main Menu>General Postproc>Path Operations>Archive Path>Paths in file
Prev PARTSEL Prev PATH P Commands
Next PATH Next
PATH
Name
PATH, NAME, nPts, nSets , nDiv Defines a path name and establishes parameters for the path.
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P Commands group: POST1:Path Operations product: MP ME ST DY PR EM FL PP ED
Page 15 of 240
NAME
Name for this path (eight characters maximum. If nPts is blank, set the current path to the path with this name. If nPts is greater than zero, create a path of this name. If a path with this name already exists, replace it with a new path. If the NAME value is STATUS, display the status for path settings.
nPts
The number of points used to define this path. The minimum number is two, and the maximum is 1000.
nSets
The number of sets of data which you can map to this path. You must specify at least four: X, Y, Z, and S. Default is 30.
nDiv
The number of divisions between adjacent points. Default is 20. There is no maximum number of divisions.
Notes
The PATH command is used to define parameters for establishing a path. The path geometry is created by the PPATH command. Multiple paths may be defined and named; however, only one path may be active for data interpolation [PDEF] and data operations [PCALC,etc.]. Path geometry points and data are stored in memory while in POST1. If you leave POST1, the path information is erased. Path geometry and data may be saved in a file by archiving the data using the PASAVE command. Path information may be restored by retrieving the data using the PARESU command. For overlapping nodes, the lowest numbered node is assigned to the path. The number of divisions defined using nDiv does NOT affect the number of divisions used by PLSECT and PRSECT. For information on displaying paths you have defined, see the ANSYS Basic Analysis Guide.
Menu Paths
Main Menu>General Postproc>List Results>Path Items Main Menu>General Postproc>Path Operations>Archive Path>Path from array Main Menu>General Postproc>Path Operations>Archive Path>Paths from file Main Menu>General Postproc>Path Operations>Define Path>Defined Paths
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P Commands Main Menu>General Postproc>Path Operations>Define Path>By Location Main Menu>General Postproc>Path Operations>Define Path>By Nodes Main Menu>General Postproc>Path Operations>Define Path>On Working Plane Main Menu>General Postproc>Path Operations>Delete Path>All Paths Main Menu>General Postproc>Path Operations>Delete Path>By Name Main Menu>General Postproc>Path Operations>Recall Path Utility Menu>List>Status>General Postproc>Path Operations
Page 16 of 240
Prev PASAVE Prev /PBC P Commands
Next /PBC Next
/PBC
Name
/PBC, Item, --, KEY, MIN, MAX, ABS Shows boundary condition symbols and values on displays. group: GRAPHICS:Labeling product: MP ME ST DY PR EM FL PP ED
Item
Label identifying the item: U -Applied translational constraints (UX,UY,UZ). ROT -Applied rotational constraints (ROTX,ROTY,ROTZ). TEMP -Applied temperatures. PRES -Applied fluid pressures. V -Applied flow velocities (VX,VY,VZ). file://D:\Documents%20and%20Settings\Administrator\Local%20Settings\Temp\~hh... 20.05.2004
P Commands SP0 n --
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Mass fraction of species n, where n = 1 to 6 (FLOTRAN). If a species is given a userdefined name [MSSPEC], use that name instead of SP0 n. ENKE -Turbulent kinetic energy (FLOTRAN). ENDS -Turbulent energy dissipation (FLOTRAN). VOLT -Applied voltages. MAG -Applied scalar magnetic potentials. A -Applied vector magnetic potentials. CHRG -Applied electric charge. F or FORC -Applied structural forces (FX,FY,FZ). M or MOME -Applied structural moments (MX,MY,MZ). HEAT -Applied heat flows. FLOW -Applied fluid flow. AMPS -Applied current flow. FLUX -Applied magnetic flux.
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P Commands CSG -Applied magnetic current segments. MAST -Master degrees of freedom. CP -Coupled nodes. CE -Nodes in constraint equations. NFOR -POST1 nodal forces. NMOM -POST1 nodal moments RFOR -POST1 reaction forces. RMOM -POST1 reaction moments (MX,MY,MZ). PATH --
Page 18 of 240
Path geometry (undistorted) associated with the PATH command after a PDEFor PVECT command has been issued. ACEL -Global acceleration (ACELX,ACELY,ACELZ vector). OMEG -Global angular velocity (OMEGX,OMEGY,OMEGZ vector). WELD -Applied spotwelds (ANSYS/LS-DYNA). ALL -Represents all appropriate labels.
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P Commands
--
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Unused field.
KEY
Symbol key: 0 -Do not show symbol. 1 -Show symbol. 2 -Plot value next to symbol.
MIN
Minimum value in a range of values plotted on screen.

MAX
Maximum value in a range of values plotted on screen.

ABS
Absolute number. If KEY = 2 and ABS = 0, a number falling between the MIN and MAX is displayed. If ABS is not specified, it defaults to 0. If KEY = 2 and ABS = 1, an absolute value falling between the MIN and MAX is displayed. ABS = 1 lets you eliminate the display of numbers whose absolute values are less than a desired tolerance. For example, if ABS = 1, MIN = 10 and MAX = 1e8, values such as .83646 and -5.59737 are not displayed.
Command Default
No symbols displayed.
Notes
Adds degree of freedom constraint, force load, and other symbols to displays. Symbols are applied to the selected nodes only. All arrow and arrowhead symbols are oriented in the nodal coordinate system and lie in two perpendicular planes. Force arrows are scaled proportional to their magnitude. (If KEY = 1, use /VSCALE to change arrow length.) For scalar quantities, the specific component direction (i.e., x, y, or z) of the symbol has no meaning, but the positive or negative sense (e.g., positive or negative x) represents a positive or negative scalar value, respectively. Use /PSTATUS or /PBC ,STAT to display settings. Use /PBC ,DEFA to reset all specifications back to default. See the /PSF and /PBF commands for other display symbols. Issuing the command /PBC,PATH, ,1 displays all defined paths.
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P Commands The /PBC command is valid in any processor.
Page 20 of 240
Menu Paths
Main Menu>General Postproc>Path Operations>Define Path>On Working Plane Main Menu>General Postproc>Path Operations>Plot Paths Utility Menu>PlotCtrls>Symbols
Prev PATH Prev /PBF P Commands
Next /PBF Next
/PBF
Name
/PBF, Item, --, KEY Shows magnitude of body force loads on displays. group: GRAPHICS:Labeling product: MP ME ST DY PR EM FL PP ED
Item
Label identifying the item: TEMP -Applied temperatures. FLUE -Applied fluences. HGEN -Applied heat generation rates. JS -Applied current density magnitude. JSX -X-component of current density.
20.05.2004
P Commands JSY -Y-component of current density. JSZ -Z-component of current density. PHASE -Phase angle of applied load. MVDI -Applied magnetic virtual displacements flag. CHRGD -Applied electric charge density. VLTG -Applied voltage drop. FORC -Applied force density (FLOTRAN only).
--
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Unused field.
KEY
Symbol key: 0 -Do not show body force load contours. 1 -Show body force load contours. 2 -Show current desnsity as a vector (not a contour).
Command Default
No body force load contours displayed.
Notes
P Commands
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Shows body force loads as contours on displays for the selected elements. Use /PSTATUS or /PBF,STAT to display settings. Use /PBF,DEFA to reset all specifications back to default. See also the /PSF and /PBC command for other display contours. Portions of this command are not supported by PowerGraphics [/GRAPHICS,POWER]. This command is valid in any processor.
Menu Paths
Utility Menu>PlotCtrls>Symbols
Prev /PBC Prev PCALC P Commands
Next PCALC Next
PCALC
Name
PCALC, Oper, LabR, Lab1, Lab2, FACT1, FACT2, CONST Forms additional labeled path items by operating on existing path items. group: POST1:Path Operations product: MP ME ST DY PR EM FL PP ED
Oper
Type of operation to be performed. See Notes below for specific descriptions of each operation: ADD -Adds two existing path items. MULT -Multiplies two existing path items. DIV -Divides two existing path items (a divide by zero results in a value of zero). EXP --
20.05.2004
P Commands Exponentiates and adds existing path items. DERI -Finds a derivative. INTG -Finds an integral. SIN -Sine. COS -Cosine. ASIN -Arcsine. ACOS -Arccosine. LOG -Natural log.
LabR
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Label assigned to the resulting path item.

Lab1
First labeled path item in operation.

Lab2
Second labeled path item in operation. Lab2 must not be blank for the MULT, DIV, DERI, and INTG operations.
FACT1
Factor applied to Lab1. A (blank) or '0' entry defaults to 1.0.

FACT2
Factor applied to Lab2. A (blank) or '0' entry defaults to 1.0.

CONST
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P Commands Constant value (defaults to 0.0).
Page 24 of 240
Notes
If Oper = ADD, the command format is: PCALC,ADD, LabR,Lab1,Lab2,FACT1,FACT2,CONST This operation adds two existing path items according to the operation:
LabR
= (FACT1 x Lab1) + ( FACT2 x Lab2) + CONST
It may be used to scale the results for a single path item. If Oper = MULT, the command format is: PCALC,MULT,LabR,Lab1,Lab2,FACT1
Lab2 LabR
must not be blank. This operation multiplies two existing path items according to the operation: = Lab1 x Lab2 x FACT1
If Oper = DIV, the command format is: PCALC,DIV, LabR,Lab1,Lab2,FACT1

Lab2 LabR
must not be blank. This operation divides two existing path items according to the operation: = (Lab1/ Lab2) x FACT1
If Oper = EXP, the command format is: PCALC,EXP,LabR,Lab1,Lab2,FACT1,FACT2 This operation exponentiates and adds existing path items according to the operation:
LabR
= (| Lab1|FACT1) + (|Lab2| FACT2|)
If Oper = DERI, the command format is: PCALC,DERI,LabR,Lab1,Lab2, FACT1

Lab2 LabR
must not be blank. This operation finds a derivative according to the operation: = FACT1 x d(Lab1)/d( Lab2)
If Oper = INTG, the command format is: PCALC,INTG,LabR,Lab1,Lab2,FACT1

Lab2
must not be blank. This operation finds an integral according to the operation:
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LabR
= FACT1 x
Lab1
d(Lab2)
Use S for Lab2 to integrate Lab1 with respect to the path length. S, the distance along the path, is automatically calculated by the program when a path item is created with the PDEF command. If Oper = SIN, COS, ASIN, ACOS, or LOG, the command format is: PCALC,Oper, LabR,Lab1,,FACT1,CONST where the function (SIN, COS, ASIN, ACOS or LOG) is substituted for Oper and Lab2 is blank. The operation finds the resulting path item according to one of the following formulas:
LabR LabR LabR LabR LabR
= FACT2 x sin(FACT1 x Lab1) + CONST = FACT2 x cos(FACT1 x Lab1) + CONST = FACT2 x sin-1(FACT1 x Lab1) + CONST = FACT2 x cos-1(FACT1 x Lab1) + CONST = FACT2 x log(FACT1 x Lab1) + CONST
Menu Paths
Main Menu>General Postproc>Path Operations>Add Main Menu>General Postproc>Path Operations>ArcCosine Main Menu>General Postproc>Path Operations>ArcSine Main Menu>General Postproc>Path Operations>Cosine Main Menu>General Postproc>Path Operations>Differentiate Main Menu>General Postproc>Path Operations>Divide Main Menu>General Postproc>Path Operations>Exponentiate Main Menu>General Postproc>Path Operations>Integrate Main Menu>General Postproc>Path Operations>Multiply Main Menu>General Postproc>Path Operations>Natural Log Main Menu>General Postproc>Path Operations>Sine
Prev /PBF Prev PCIRC P Commands
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PCIRC
Name
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PCIRC, RAD1, RAD2, THETA1, THETA2 Creates a circular area centered about the working plane origin. group: PREP7:Primitives product: MP ME ST DY PR EM FL PP ED
RAD1, RAD2
Inner and outer radii (either order) of the circle. A value of either zero or blank for either RAD1 or RAD2, or the same value for both RAD1 and RAD2, defines a solid circle.
THETA1, THETA2
Starting and ending angles (either order) of the circular area. Used for creating a circular sector. The sector begins at the algebraically smaller angle, extends in a positive angular direction, and ends at the larger angle. The starting angle defaults to 0.0 and the ending angle defaults to 360.0. See the ANSYS Modeling and Meshing Guide for an illustration.
Notes
Defines a solid circular area or circular sector centered about the working plane origin. For a solid circle of 360, the area will be defined with four keypoints and four lines. See the CYL4 and CYL5 commands for alternate ways to create circles.
Menu Paths
Main Menu>Preprocessor>Create>Circle>By Dimensions
Prev PCALC Prev /PCIRCLE P Commands
Next /PCIRCLE Next
/PCIRCLE
Name
/PCIRCLE, XCENTR, YCENTR , XLRAD Creates an annotation circle (GUI). group: GRAPHICS:Annotation product: MP ME ST DY PR EM FL PP ED
P Commands
XCENTR
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Circle X center location (-1.0 < X < 2.0).

YCENTR
Circle Y center location (-1.0 < Y < 1.0).

XLRAD
Circle radius length.
Notes
Creates an annotation circle to be written directly onto the display at a specified location. This is a command generated by the Graphical User Interface (GUI) and will appear in the log file (Jobname.LOG) if annotation is used. This command is not intended to be typed in directly in an ANSYS session (although it can be included in an input file for batch input or for use with the /INPUT command). All circles are shown on subsequent displays unless the annotation is turned off or deleted. Use the /LSPEC and the /PSPEC command to set the attributes of the circle. This command is valid in any processor.
Menu Paths
Prev PCIRC Prev PCONV P Commands
Next PCONV Next
PCONV
Name
PCONV, TOLER, Item, Comp, NODE, Surf Sets convergence values for p-method solutions. group: SOLUTION:p-Method product: MP ME ST PR PP ED
TOLER
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Tolerance (as a percentage) used for convergence checking. The analysis is considered to be converged if the values of all specified items change by less than TOLER at the end of a p-loop. Defaults to 5. If TOLER = STAT, list the currently specified p-convergence criteria. If TOLER = ERASE, erase all p-convergence specifications. If TOLER = DELE, delete only the tolerance for the specification denoted by the Item, Comp, NODE.
Item
Convergence based on (Valid component labels are described in PCONV - Valid Item and Component Labels below): SE -Strain energy or stored electrostatic energy (default). Does not require a component label. S -Stress. EPEL -Strain. U -Translational displacement. ROT -Structural rotation. (Valid only for SHELL150.) VOLT -Electric potential. EF -Electric field strength. D -Electric flux density. EFORC -Global electrostatic (Maxwell Stress Tensor) force.
Comp
Component of the Item. (Not required for Item = SE, VOLT, or EFORC). If Item = S or EPEL, Comp defaults to EQV; if Item = U, ROT, EF, or D, Comp defaults to SUM. Valid component labels for each Item are described in PCONV - Valid Item and Component Labels below.
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Node number where convergence checking is to be performed. Valid only for Item = S, EPEL, U, ROT, VOLT, EF, or D. For valid Item labels, a node number must be entered in this field. If NODE = P, graphical picking is enabled (valid only in the GUI). A component name may be substituted for NODE.
Surf
Surface of a p-element shell structure where the convergence checking for NODE will be performed. Valid only for Item = S or EPEL. TOP -Top surface (default). MID -Middle surface. BOT -Bottom surface.
Command Default
Convergence is checked between successive p-loops by comparing the change in strain energy (SE) to TOLER.
Notes
When you use the menu paths to delete p-method convergence criteria, the ANSYS program writes the command PCONV,DELE, n to its log file. The p-level (polynomial level, i.e., the order or level n of a polynomial, where 2 8) is n increased for each loop until the values of the specified items ( Item,Comp) change less than the specified tolerance ( TOLER) between loops, or until the maximum p-level has been reached [PPRANGE ]. Convergence checking is performed only on included elements [PINCLUDE ]. Up to 10 separate specifications may be activated at one time. Valid Item and Comp labels are shown next. PCONV - Valid Item and Component Labels Item SE S " " " EPEL " " Description Strain energy or stored electrostatic energy X,Y,Z,XY,YZ,XZ Component stress 1,2,3 Principal stress INT Stress intensity EQV Equivalent stress X,Y,Z,XY,YZ,XZ Component elastic strain 1,2,3 Principal elastic strain INT Elastic strain intensity Comp
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Page 30 of 240 Elastic equivalent strain X, Y, or Z structural displacement or vector sum X, Y, or Z structural rotation or vector sum (valid only for SHELL150) Electric potential Electric field strength Electric flux density Global electrostatic (Maxwell Stress Tensor) force
U ROT VOLT EF X,Y,Z,SUM D X,Y,Z,SUM EFORC X,Y,Z,SUM
Menu Paths
Main Menu>Preprocessor>Loads>p-Method>Convergence Crit Main Menu>Solution>p-Method>Convergence Crit
Prev /PCIRCLE Prev /PCOPY P Commands
Next /PCOPY Next
/PCOPY
Name
/PCOPY , KEY Automatically generates hard copies for HP Unix work stations. group: GRAPHICS:Set Up product: MP ME ST DY PR EM FL PP ED
KEY
Copy key: 0 -No specification setting for automatic hard copy of display. 1 -Set specification for automatic hard copy after each display. NOW -(Action) Produce hard copy of current display ( KEY is not reset to 1). file://D:\Documents%20and%20Settings\Administrator\Local%20Settings\Temp\~hh... 20.05.2004
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Command Default
No automatic hard copy of display.
Notes
Sets automatic hard copy specification. This command is available only on HP work stations, and only during interactive runs with the /SHOW specification active (for terminals with hard copy capability). This command is valid in any processor.
Menu Paths
Prev PCONV Prev PCORRO P Commands
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PCORRO
Name
PCORRO, CTK Specifies the allowable exterior corrosion thickness for a piping run. group: PREP7:Piping product: MP ME ST PR PP ED
CTK
Allowable corrosion thickness.
Notes
Specifies the allowable exterior corrosion thickness for a piping run. See the PREP7 RUN command.
Menu Paths
Main Menu>Preprocessor>Create>Piping Models>Specifications
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PCROSS
Name
PCROSS, LabXR, LabYR, LabZR, LabX1, LabY1, LabZ1, LabX2, LabY2, LabZ2 Calculates the cross product of two path vectors along the current path. group: POST1:Path Operations product: MP ME ST DY PR EM FL PP ED
LabXR
Label assigned to X-component of resultant vector.

LabYR
Label assigned to Y-component of resultant vector.

LabZR
Label assigned to Z-component of resultant vector.

LabX1
X-component of first vector label (labeled path item).

LabY1
Y-component of first vector label.

LabZ1
Z-component of first vector label.

LabX2
X-component of second vector label (labeled path item).

LabY2
Y-component of second vector label. file://D:\Documents%20and%20Settings\Administrator\Local%20Settings\Temp\~hh... 20.05.2004
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Z-component of second vector label.
Menu Paths
Main Menu>General Postproc>Path Operations>Cross Product
Prev PCORRO Prev PDANL P Commands
Next PDANL Next
PDANL
Name
PDANL, Fname, Ext, Dir Defines the analysis file to be used for probabilistic looping. group: PROBABILISTIC:Deterministic Model product: MP ME ST DY PR EM FL PP ED
Fname

Ext

Dir
Command Default
If interactive, no default; if batch, use the batch input stream ( File.BAT).
Notes
The analysis file containing the deterministic, parameterized model must be specified if the probabilistic analysis is performed interactively. The file must exist at the time the PDANL command is issued. In this file, where /PREP7 and /PDS occur, they must be the first non-blank characters on the line (do not use the $ delimiter on any /PREP7 and /PDS command lines).
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By default the analysis files specified with PDANL are executed from the top. All definitions of random input variables (for example, APDL parameters defined as random input variables with the PDVAR command, using *SET or Pname = ...) are ignored in the analysis file. The PDS takes control of setting the values of random input variable values for each loop.
Menu Paths
Main Menu>Prob Design>Assign
Prev PCROSS Prev PDBBM P Commands
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PDBBM
Name
PDBBM , P1, P2, P3 Specifies options for a Box-Behnken matrix design. group: PROBABILISTIC:Methods product: MP ME ST DY PR EM FL PP ED
P1, P2, P3
Probability levels. These must be specified in ascending order. All probabilities must be between 0.0 and 1.0.
Command Default
P1 = 0.01, P2 = 0.5, P3 = 0.99.
Notes
Defines the probability levels that are used to determine the locations of the simulation points of a response surface analysis for a Box-Behnken Matrix design. A Box-Behnken design consists of a central point (blue) and mid-side point (yellow) located on the mid-sides of an N-dimensional cube. Here, N is the number of random input variables. For a BoxBehnken design the number of random input variables must not be less than 3 or more than 12.
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For each random variable the probabilities are converted into the corresponding random variable values using the inverse of the cumulative distribution function of the random variable. By specifying the levels in terms of probabilities, simulations are always done at points that are feasible and meaningful for all random variables regardless of their respective distribution types. See Probabilistic Design in the ANSYS Advanced Analysis Techniques Guide for more information on the cumulative distribution function. The probability P1 determines the location of the lower level Box-Behnken points, P2 determines the center point, and P3 determines the upper level of the Box-Behnken points.
Menu Paths
Main Menu>Prob Design>Response Surface
Prev PDANL Prev PDCCD P Commands
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PDCCD
Name
PDCCD, P1, P2, P3, P4, P5 Specifies options for a central composite design. group: PROBABILISTIC:Methods
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P1, P2, P3, P4, P5
Probability levels. These must be specified in ascending order. All probability must be between 0.0 and 1.0.
Command Default
P1
= 0.005, P2 = 0.05, P3 = 0.5, P4 = 0.95, P5 = 0.995.
Notes
Defines the probability levels that are used to determine the locations of the simulation points of a response surface analysis for a central composite design. A central composite design consists of a central point, 2*N points on the random input variable axes and 2**(N- Fract) factorial points located on the corner points of an N-dimensional cube. Here, N is the number of random input variables. For a central composite design, the number of random input variables must be at least 2 and not more than 20. Fract is the fraction of the factorial part of the design; the PDS automatically determines the optimal fraction such that a resolution V design is always maintained. A resolution V design is one where the constant, the linear, and all second order terms in the response surface equation are not confined with each other.
For each random variable the probabilities are converted into the corresponding random variable values using the inverse of the cumulative distribution function of the random variable. By specifying the levels in terms of probabilities, simulations are always done at points that are feasible and meaningful for all random variables regardless of their respective distribution types. See Probabilistic Design in the ANSYS Advanced Analysis Techniques Guide for more information on the
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The probability P1 determines the location of the lower axis points of the central composite design, P2 determines the lower factorial points, P3 determines the center point, P4 determines the upper factorial points, and P5 determines the upper axis points.
Menu Paths
Main Menu>Prob Design>Response Surface
Prev PDBBM Prev PDCDF P Commands
Next PDCDF Next
PDCDF
Name
PDCDF, Rlab, Name, Type, CONF, NMAX Plots the cumulative distribution function. group: PROBABILISTIC:Post-processing product: MP ME ST DY PR EM FL PP ED
Rlab
Result set label. Identifies the result set to be used for post-processing. A result set label can be the solution set label you defined in a PDEXE command (if you are directly post-processing Monte Carlo Simulation results), or the response surface set label defined in an RSFIT command (for Response Surface Analyses).
Name
Parameter name. The parameter must have been previously defined as a random input variable or a random output parameter with the PDVAR command.
Type
Type of cumulative distribution curve to be displayed. EMP -Show an empirical cumulative distribution curve. GAUS --
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Show a cumulative distribution curve in a normal distribution plot. A random variable based on a normal or Gaussian distribution appears as a straight line in this type of plot. LOGN -Show a cumulative distribution curve in a log-normal plot. A random variable based on a log-normal distribution appears as a straight line in this type of plot. WEIB -Show a cumulative distribution curve in a Weibull distribution plot. A random variable based on a Weibull distribution appears as a straight line in this type of plot.
CONF
Confidence level. The confidence level is used to plot confidence bounds around the cumulative distribution function. The value for the confidence level must be between 0.0 and 1.0 and it defaults to 0.95 (95%). Plotting of the confidence bound is suppressed for CONF 0.5. This parameter is ignored for the post-processing of response surface methods results.
NMAX
Maximum number of points to be plotted for the distribution curve. This must be a positive number and it defaults to 100. If the sample size is less than NMAX, all sample data is represented in the plot. If the sample size is larger than NMAX, the probabilistic design system classifies the sample into NMAX classes of appropriate size.
Command Default
Rlab
as described above, Type = EMP, CONF = 0.95, NMAX = 100.
Notes
Plots the cumulative distribution function. The PDCDF command cannot be used to post-process the results in a solution set that is based on Response Surface Methods, only Monte Carlo Simulations. If Rlab is left blank, then the result set label is inherited from the last PDEXE command ( Slab), RSFIT command ( RSlab), or the most recently used PDS post-processing command where a result set label was explicitly specified.
Menu Paths
Main Menu>Prob Design>Statistics>CumulativeDF
Prev PDCCD Prev PDCFLD P Commands
Next PDCFLD Next
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PDCFLD
Name
PDCFLD, ParR, Entity, Ctype, CLENGTH Calculates a correlation field and stores it into an ANSYS array. group: PROBABILISTIC:Pre-processing product: MP ME ST DY PR EM FL PP ED
ParR
Parameter name. ParR is a one-dimensional array with the dimension N * (N - 1)/2, where N is either the number of the selected nodes or the number of the selected elements (depending on the Entity field). The PDCFLD command automatically sets ParR as a one-dimensional array, (so you do not have to use the *DIM command). If you use the PDCFLD command twice with the ANSYS parameter ParR, then the values stored in the array are automatically overwritten. If the number of selected FE entities is different from the previous PDCFLD command, then the array ParR is re-dimensioned automatically.
Entity
Specifies which FE entity the calculation of the correlation field is based on. This field must not be blank. NODE -Calculate the correlation coefficients based on the distance between the selected nodes. ELEM -Calculate the correlation coefficients based on the distance between the centroids of the selected elements.
Ctype
Specifies the equation used to calculate the correlation coefficients as a function of the nodal or element centroid distances. This field must not be blank. NONE -The random field is not correlated. This means the correlation coefficients are determined according to
ij
= 1 for i = j = 0 for i j
ij
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Here, ij is the correlation coefficient between the i -th and j-th selected FE entity (node or element centroid). LEXP -Calculate the correlation coefficient according to a linear-exponential decay function.
Here, D(xi , xj) is the domain distance between xi, xj, and xi and xj are the coordinate vectors of the i-th and j-th selected FE entity (node or element centroid), and CL is the correlation length of the random field as specified in the CLENGTH field. QEXP -The correlation coefficient is calculated according to a quadratic- exponential decay function.
Here, D(xi , xj) is the domain distance between xi, xj, and xi and xj are the coordinate vectors of the i-th and j-th selected FE entity (node or element centroid), and CL is the correlation length of the random field as specified in the CLENGTH field. DIST -Calculate only D(xi , xj). D( xi , x j) is the domain distance between xi, xj , and x i and xj are the coordinate vectors of the i-th and j-th selected FE entity (node or element centroid). The CLENGTH argument is ignored for this option.
CLENGTH
Correlation length of the correlation field. The correlation length is a characteristic length that influences how strongly two elements of a random field are correlated with each other. The larger the value of CLENGTH, the stronger the correlation between the random field elements. CLENGTH is required for Ctype = LEXP and Ctype = QEXP; it must be a non-zero, positive number.
Notes
Calculates a correlation field for a probabilistic analysis involving a random field. Random fields are random effects with a spatial distribution; the value of a random field not only varies from simulation to simulation at any given location, but also from location to location. The correlation field describes the correlation coefficient between two different spatial locations. Random fields can be either based on element properties (typically material) or nodal properties (typically surface shape defined by
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nodal coordinates). Hence, random fields are either associated with the selected nodes or the selected elements. If a random field is associated with elements, then the correlation coefficients of the random field are calculated based on the distance of the element centroids. For more information, see Probabilistic Design in the ANSYS Advanced Analysis Techniques Guide. Note that for correlation fields, the domain distance D(xi , xj) is not the spatial distance |xi - xj|, but the length of a path between xi and xj that always remains inside the finite element domain. However, exceptions are possible in extreme meshing cases. For elements that share at least one node, the PDCFLD evaluates the distance by directly connecting the element centroids with a straight line. If these neighboring elements form a sharp inward corner then it is possible that the domain distance path lies partly outside the finite element domain, as illustrated below.
After the correlation coefficients have been calculated and stored in the ANSYS parameter ParR, then use the PDCORR command to define the correlations between the elements of the random field.
Menu Paths
Main Menu>Prob Design>Correl Field
Prev PDCDF Prev PDCLR P Commands
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PDCLR
Name
PDCLR, Type Clears the probabilistic design database. group: PROBABILISTIC:Database product: MP ME ST DY PR EM FL PP ED
Type
Specifies the part of the probabilistic database to be cleared. ALL --
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Clear the entire probabilistic database. Both the pre-processing and post-processing parts are cleared. POST -Clear only the post-processing part of the probabilistic database. This is necessary if you want to modify the deterministic model (the analysis file) or probabilistic model (random variables, correlations between random variables, or the random output parameter) after a probabilistic analysis has already been performed.
Notes
Clears the probabilistic design system (PDS) database. The settings are reset to their default values and the memory is cleared. Remember that the result files containing the results of the probabilistic loops are never deleted unless you intentionally delete them. We recommend that you use this command before switching to a new probabilistic analysis using a different probabilistic model (a different analysis loop file or deterministic model), or changing random input variables, their correlations, or random output parameters. Clearing the probabilistic database is not necessary if the probabilistic model remains the same and will be analyzed with a different probabilistic method or different method options. See the PDEXE command for restrictions. Before issuing the PDCLR command, you should save the probabilistic database using the PDSAVE command.
Menu Paths
Main Menu>Prob Design>Clear & Reset
Prev PDCFLD Prev PDCMAT P Commands
Next PDCMAT Next
PDCMAT
Name
PDCMAT, Rlab, Matrix, Name1, Name2, Corr, SLEVEL, Popt Prints the correlation coefficient matrix. group: PROBABILISTIC:Post-processing product: MP ME ST DY PR EM FL PP ED
Rlab
Result set label. Identifies the result set to be used for post-processing. A result set label can be the solution set label you defined in a PDEXE command (if you are directly post-processing file://D:\Documents%20and%20Settings\Administrator\Local%20Settings\Temp\~hh... 20.05.2004
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Monte Carlo Simulation results), or the response surface set label defined in an RSFIT command (for Response Surface Analyses).
Matrix
Keyword for the type of correlation coefficient matrix. IO -Matrix of correlation coefficients between random input variables and output parameters. II -Matrix of correlation coefficients between random input variables and other random input variables OO -Matrix of correlation coefficients between random output parameters and other random output parameters. S -Correlation coefficient between a single random parameter (input or output) and another random parameter (input or output). The probabilistic design parameters must be specified in Name1 and Name2 for this option.
Name1, Name2
Parameter names. The parameters must have been previously defined as a random input variable or a random output parameter with the PDVAR command. These parameters are used for Matrix = S only and are ignored for the other Matrix keywords.
Corr
Keyword for the type of correlation coefficients to be used for the output. RANK -Spearman rank-order correlation coefficient (default). LIN -Pearson linear correlation coefficient.
SLEVEL
Significance level. The value for the significance level must be between 0.0 and 1.0. The default value is 0.025 (2.5%).
Popt
Specifies whether the probabilities should be printed with the correlation coefficients. 0 --
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Command Default
Rlab
as described above, Matrix = IO, Corr = RANK, SLEVEL = 0.025, Popt = 1
Notes
Prints the correlation coefficient matrix. If Rlab is left blank, then the result set label is inherited from the last PDEXE command ( Slab), RSFIT command ( RSlab), or the most recently used PDS post-processing command where a result set label was explicitly specified. For all correlation coefficients the probabilistic design tool evaluates the probability that the correlation coefficient can be neglected. The evaluation of this probability is based on statistical test theory. The larger this probability is the likelier it is that the correlation coefficient does not really reflect an observable statistical interdependence between the parameters involved. If this probability exceedes the significance level as specified by the SLEVEL parameter, the correlation coefficient should be regarded as negligible or insignificant. The higher the significance level SLEVEL, the more correlation coefficients are considered significant. Using the Popt parameter you can also get a list of the probabilities and review them as to how far they exceed the significance level or how far they stay below it. The PDCMAT command cannot be used to post-process the results in a solution set that is based on Response Surface Methods, only Monte Carlo Simulations.
Menu Paths
Main Menu>Prob Design>Trends>Correl Matrix
Prev PDCLR Prev PDCORR P Commands
Next PDCORR Next
PDCORR
Name
PDCORR, Name1, Name2, CORR Specifies the correlation between two random input variables. group: PROBABILISTIC:Pre-processing
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Name1
Parameter name. The parameter must have been previously defined as a random input variable with the PDVAR command.
Name2
Parameter name. The parameter must have been previously defined as a random input variable with the PDVAR command. Must be different from Name1.
CORR
Specification of the correlation: Value -Sets the correlation coefficient between Name1 and Name2 to the specified value. If this correlation coefficient was already defined it will be changed to this new value. The correlation coefficient must be between -1.0 and +1.0. DEL -Delete the previously defined correlation between Name1 and Name2.
Command Default
No correlations defined between random input variables.
Notes
Specifies the correlations between two random input variables. The PDS tool generates correlated samples if correlations exist. This applies to both probabilistic methods (Monte Carlo Simulation and Response Surface Methods). If there are correlated random input variables, the sampled locations of the random input variables reflect the correlation as illustrated below for the case of two standard normal distributed variables X1 and X2 . The illustrations show no correlation (correlation coefficient 0.0), a relatively moderate negative correlation (correlation coefficient -0.6), and a relative strong positive correlation (correlation coefficient 0.9).
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Menu Paths
P Commands Main Menu>Prob Design>Correlation
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Prev PDCMAT Prev PDDMCS P Commands
Next PDDMCS Next
PDDMCS
Name
PDDMCS, NSIM, --, Astop, ACCMEAN, ACCSTDEV, CHECK, Seed Specifies options for Monte Carlo Simulations using direct sampling. group: PROBABILISTIC:Methods product: MP ME ST DY PR EM FL PP ED
NSIM
Number of simulation loops of the analysis.

--
Unused field.
Astop
Autostop option label. AUTO -Enable Autostop. When Autostop is used, the PDS feature continues the simulation loops until the convergence criteria for the mean value and the standard deviation have been met or until the number of simulations NSIM are complete, whichever comes first. The convergence criteria (mean value and standard deviations of all random output parameters) are specified by the ACCMEAN and ACCSTDEV parameters. The criteria are met if the mean value and the standard deviations converge within the accuracy specified in the ACCMEAN and ACCSTDEV options. The convergence check is done every i-th loop, where i is specified in the CHECK parameter. ALL -Disable Autostop option. All Monte Carlo Simulations as specified by NSIM are performed (default).
ACCMEAN
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Accuracy of the mean values of all random output parameters that must be met for the Autostop option. Default is 0.01 (1%). ACCMEAN is ignored for Astop = ALL. The convergence of the mean values is met if for all random output parameters y the equation holds:
where the value of CHECK is specified in the CHECK option.

ACCSTDEV
Accuracy of the standard deviations of all random output parameters that must be met for the Autostop option. The default is 0.02 (2%). ACCSTDEV is ignored for Astop = ALL. The convergence for the standard deviations is met if for all random output parameters y the equation holds:
where the value of CHECK is specified in the CHECK option.

CHECK
Sets how often conditions for convergence are checked for Autostop. The PDS checks if the convergence criteria are met every i-th loop, where i is given by the CHECK parameter. The default value is 10. It is not recommended to use CHECK = 1, because it could cause Autostop to terminate the simulations prematurely. The mean values and standard deviation might not show large differences between consecutive simulation loops but might still have a visible "global" trend if viewed over several simulations. This behavior indicates that convergence has not really been achieved. If you set CHECK = 1 (or another small number), then Autostop is not able to detect such a global trend. CHECK is ignored for Astop = ALL.
Seed
Seed value label. Random number generators require a seed value that is used to calculate the next random number. After each random number generation finishes, the seed value is updated and is used again to calculate the next random number. ANSYS initializes the seed value with the system time when the ANSYS session started. CONT -Continues updating using the derived seed value (default). TIME -Initializes the seed value with the system time. You can use this if you want the seed value set to a specific value for one analysis and then you want to continue with a "random" seed in the next analysis. It is not recommended to "randomize" the seed value with the Seed = TIME option for multiple analyses. If the Monte Carlo simulations requested with this command will be appended to previously existing simulations, then the Seed option is ignored and Seed = CONT is used. INIT -file://D:\Documents%20and%20Settings\Administrator\Local%20Settings\Temp\~hh... 20.05.2004
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Initializes the seed value using 123457 (a typical recommendation). This option leads to identical random numbers for all random input variables when the exact analysis will be repeated, making it useful for benchmarking and validation purposes (where identical random numbers are desired). If the Monte Carlo simulations requested with this command will be appended to previously existing simulations, then the Seed option is ignored and Seed = CONT is used. Value -Uses the specified (positive) value for the initialization of the seed value. This option has the same effect as Seed = INIT, except you can chose an arbitrary (positive) number for the initialization. If the Monte Carlo simulations requested with this command will be appended to previously existing simulations, then the Seed option is ignored and Seed = CONT is used.
Command Default
NSIM
= 30, Astop = AUTO, ACCMEAN = 0.01, ACCSTDEV = 0.02, CHECK = 10, Seed = CONT.
Notes
Defines the number of simulations, the specification of the Autostop option, how frequently the Autostop option is checked and the seed value for random number generation. If the Autostop option is enabled, then the number of simulations given for NSIM can be regarded as the maximum number of simulations to be performed. The Autostop option may terminate the simulations before NSIM simualtions are done if the convergence criteria are met.
Menu Paths
Main Menu>Prob Design>Monte Carlo Sims
Prev PDCORR Prev PDEF P Commands
Next PDEF Next
PDEF
Name
PDEF, Lab, Item, Comp, Avglab Interpolates an item onto a path. group: POST1:Path Operations product: MP ME ST DY PR EM FL PP ED
P Commands
Lab
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Label assigned to the resulting path item (8 characters maximum). This item may be used as input for other path operations.
Item
Label identifying the item for interpolation. Valid item labels are shown in PDEF - Valid Item and Component Labels below. Some items also require a component label.
Comp
Component of the item (if required). Valid component labels are shown inPDEF - Valid Item and Component Labels below.
Avglab
Option to average across element boundaries: AVG -Average element results across elements (default). NOAV -Do not average element results across elements. If the parameter DISCON = MAT on the PMAP command, this option is automatically invoked.
Notes
Defines and interpolates a labeled path item along a predefined path [PATH]. Path item results are in the global Cartesian coordinate directions unless transformed [RSYS]. A path item must be defined before it can be used with other path operations. Additional path items may be defined from the PVECT, PCALC, PDOT , and PCROSS commands. Path items may be listed [PRPATH] or displayed [PLPATH, PLPAGM]. A maximum number of path items permitted is established by the nSets argument specified with the PATH command. When you create the first path item [PDEF or PVECT], the program automatically interpolates four path items which are used to describe the geometry of the path. These predefined items are the position of the interpolated path points (labels XG, YG, and ZG) in global Cartesian coordinates, and the path length (label S). For alternate methods of mapping the path geometry (to include, for example, material discontinuity) see the PMAP command. These items may also be listed or displayed with the PRPATH, PLPATH and PLPAGM commands. The number of interpolation points on the path is defined by the nDiv argument on the PATH command. See the ANSYS, Inc. Theory Reference for details. Use PDEF,STAT to list the path item labels. Use PDEF,CLEAR to erase all labeled path items, except the path geometry items (XG, YG, ZG, S). PDEF - Valid Item and Component Labels Item Comp Description Valid item and component labels for nodal degree of freedom results are:
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X, Y, or Z structural displacement or vector sum. X, Y, or Z structural rotation or vector sum. Temperature. Pressure. Electric potential. Magnetic scalar potential. X,Y,Z,SUM X, Y, or Z fluid velocity or vector sum. X,Y,Z,SUM X, Y, or Z magnetic vector potential or vector sum. Current. Electromotive force drop. Turbulent kinetic energy (FLOTRAN). Turbulent energy dissipation (FLOTRAN). Valid item and component labels for element results are: S X,Y,Z,XY,YZ,XZ Component stress. " 1,2,3 Principal stress. " INT,EQV Stress intensity or Equivalent stress. EPTO X,Y,Z,XY,YZ,XZ Component total strain (EPEL + EPPL + EPCR). " 1,2,3 Principal total strain. " INT,EQV Total strain intensity or total equivalent strain. EPEL X,Y,Z,XY,YZ,XZ Component elastic strain. " 1,2,3 Principal elastic strain. " INT,EQV Elastic strain intensity or elastic equivalent strain. EPPL X,Y,Z,XY,YZ,XZ Component plastic strain. " 1,2,3 Principal plastic strain. " INT,EQV Plastic strain intensity or plastic equivalent strain. EPCR X,Y,Z,XY,YZ,XZ Component creep strain. " 1,2,3 Principal creep strain. " INT,EQV Creep strain intensity or creep equivalent strain. EPTH X,Y,Z,XY,YZ,XZ Component thermal strain. " 1,2,3 Principal thermal strain. " INT,EQV Thermal strain intensity or thermal equivalent strain. EPSW Swelling strain. NL SEPL Equivalent stress (from stress-strain curve). " SRAT Stress state ratio. " HPRES Hydrostatic pressure. " EPEQ Accumulated equivalent plastic strain. " PSV Plastic state variable. " PLWK Plastic work/volume. For contact results PowerGraphics is applicable for 3D models only. Contact status. 3-closed and sticking, 2-closed and sliding, 1-open but CONT STAT near contact, 0-open and not near contact. " PENE Contact penetration. " PRES Contact pressure. " SFRIC Contact friction stress. " STOT Contact total stress (pressure plus friction). file://D:\Documents%20and%20Settings\Administrator\Local%20Settings\Temp\~hh... 20.05.2004
P Commands SLIDE GAP FLUX TG X,Y,Z,SUM TF X,Y,Z,SUM PG X,Y,Z,SUM EF X,Y,Z,SUM D X,Y,Z,SUM H X,Y,Z,SUM B X,Y,Z,SUM FMAG X,Y,Z,SUM ETAB Lab BFE TEMP TTOT HFLU HFLM COND PCOE PTOT MACH STRM DENS VISC EVIS CMUV ECON YPLU TAUW SPHT RDFL " " "
Page 52 of 240 Contact sliding distance. Contact gap distance. Total heat flux at contact surface. Component thermal gradient or vector sum. Component thermal flux or vector sum. Component pressure gradient or vector sum. Component electric field or vector sum. Component electric flux density or vector sum. Component magnetic field intensity or vector sum. Component magnetic flux density or vector sum. Component magnetic force or vector sum. Any user-defined element table label (see ETABLE command). Applied and calculated temperatures along a defined path. Valid item labels for FLOTRAN nodal results are: Total temperature. Heat flux. Heat transfer (film) coefficient. Fluid laminar conductivity. Pressure coefficient. Total (stagnation) pressure. Mach number. Stream function. (2-D applications only.) Fluid density. Fluid laminar viscosity. Fluid effective viscosity. Turbulent viscosity coefficient. Fluid effective conductivity. Y+, a turbulent law of the wall parameter. Shear stress at the wall. Specific heat. Radiation heat flux.
Menu Paths
Main Menu>General Postproc>Path Operations>FE Results Main Menu>General Postproc>Path Operations>Clear Path Items Main Menu>General Postproc>Path Operations>Define Path>Current Path Main Menu>General Postproc>Path Operations>Define Path>By Nodes Main Menu>General Postproc>Path Operations>Map onto Path Main Menu>General Postproc>Path Operations>Recall Path
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Next PDEXE
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PDEXE
Name
PDEXE, Slab, MRUN, NFAIL, FOPT, Fname Executes the probabilistic analysis. group: PROBABILISTIC:Run Probabilistic Analysis product: MP ME ST DY PR EM FL PP ED
Slab
Solution label. This is the name given to the files containing the results of different probabilistic analyses performed with a particular probabilistic model. Different solutions using different probabilistic methods or method options are stored in separate solution sets identified with this solution label. If the solution label is blank, ANSYS automatically assigns Slab = "SOLU nn", where nn is the current two-digit number of the probabilistic analysis (PDS allows a maximum of 10 solution sets identified by 10 solution labels); for example, the first analysis is SOLU01, the second is SOLU02, and so on up to SOLU10). This field cannot contain blanks. Maximum length of this field is 16 characters; if the field contains more than 16 characters, it will be truncated to 16 characters.
MRUN
Keyword for the processing of the simulation loops SER -Executes the simulation loops of the probabilistic analysis using a single machine; serial processing (default). PAR -Executes the simulation loops of the probabilistic analysis in parallel using the ANSYS parallel-processing tool. See Probabilistic Design in the ANSYS Advanced Analysis Techniques Guide.
NFAIL
This parameter sets the number of loops that are allowed to fail before the execution of the probabilistic analysis is terminated. For example, if geometric parameters are used as random variables then for some simulations (loops) the loop will fail because meshing was not successful. This might happen infrequently which might be acceptable. However, if the probabilistic problem is incorrectly defined then loops could fail frequently or even in every loop. You can define an upper limit for the number of failed loops that will be tolerated before the probabilistic analysis will be terminated. If you use NFAIL = 0 (default) then failed loops are not tolerated and the probabilistic analysis will terminate the first time a loop fails. NFAIL
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P Commands is used only if MRUN = PAR.

FOPT
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Keyword for the file option. This determines if a copy of the sample file should be saved or not. DEL -The sample file will be deleted (default). COPY -A copy of the sample file will be saved as the file name specified with the Fname option.
Fname
Name of the copy of the sample file. The directory for storing the sample file is always the current working directory. The file extension is always .csmp. This option is ignored for FOPT = DEL.
Command Default
Slab
= SOLUnn (see above) , MRUN = SER, NFAIL = 0, FOPT = DEL.
Notes
Runs the probabilistic analysis. The results of the probabilistic analysis are identified with the solution label specified here. This solution label is used for the post-processing of the results. The maximum number of probabilistic analyses that can be executed, stored, and post-processed based on the same deterministic and probabilistic model in one session with the PDS is 10. However, it is not counted as a separate probabilistic analysis if the same solution label is used multiple times in order to append to or overwrite previous results. The probabilistic results are stored in result files in ASCII format. If you specify a solution label that has already been used, the following rules apply:
?
For the Monte Carlo Simulation method (DIR, LHS, and USER), the results will be appended at the end of the results file. For the Response Surface Methods (BBM, CCD, and USER), the results of the run will overwrite those from the previous analysis.
After the PDEXE command has been issued, you can no longer change the probabilistic model using probabilistic pre-processing commands; doing so would invalidate the probabilistic analysis results and potentially corrupt the probabilistic database. Also, you are not allowed to change the probabilistic analysis file using a PDANL command after the first PDEXE has been executed. If you need to change the probilistic model (analysis file, random input variables, etc.) after the PDEXE command has been issued, you should use the PDCLR, POST command to clear the probabilistic results. We recommend that you first save the results using the PDSAVE command.
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By default, ANSYS creates a sample file (called Jobname.samp) containing all values of all random input parameters; unless you specify otherwise, this file is deleted after the analysis is finished. With the FOPT and Fname options you can determine if and where a copy of that file should be stored for later use in another analysis.
Menu Paths
Main Menu>Prob Design>Run>Run Serial
Prev PDEF Prev PDHIST P Commands
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PDHIST
Name
PDHIST , Rlab, Name, NCL, Type Plots the frequency histogram. group: PROBABILISTIC:Post-processing product: MP ME ST DY PR EM FL PP ED
Rlab
Name
NCL
Number of classes for the histogram plot. This is the number of bars shown in the histogram. NCL must be a positive number. If this field is left blank, ANSYS calculates an appropriate number of classes based on the sample size. ANSYS divides the range between the smallest and largest sample value into NCL classes of equal width and determines the histogram frequencies by counting the number of hits that fall in the classes.
Type
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P Commands Type of histogram. ABS --
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Absolute frequency histogram. This is the actual number of hits in each class. REL -Relative frequency histogram (default). This is the number of hits in the individual classes divided by the total number of samples. NORM -Normalized frequency histogram. This is the number of hits in the individual classes divided by the total number of samples and divided by the width of the class. This normalization makes the histogram comparable to the probability density function.
Command Default
Rlab
as described above, NCL as described above, Type = REL.
Notes
Plots the frequency histogram. If Rlab is left blank, then the result set label is inherited from the last PDEXE command ( Slab), RSFIT command ( RSlab), or the most recently used PDS post-processing command where a result set label was explicitly specified. The PDHIST command cannot be used to post -process the results in a solution set that is based on Response Surface Methods, only Monte Carlo Simulations.
Menu Paths
Main Menu>Prob Design>Statistics>Histogram
Prev PDEXE Prev PDINQR P Commands
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PDINQR
Name
PDINQR, Rpar, Name, Type, VAL Evaluates statistical characteristics of a random input variable. group: PROBABILISTIC: Pre-processing file://D:\Documents%20and%20Settings\Administrator\Local%20Settings\Temp\~hh... 20.05.2004
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Rpar
Name of scalar ANSYS parameter into which the charactistic value is stored.
Name
Parameter name. The parameter must have been previously defined as a random input variable using the PDVAR command.
Type
Keyword for the type of information you need to retrieve. MEAN -Mean value of the random input variable specified in Name. STDV -Standard deviation of the random input variable PDF -Probability density function of the random input variable specified in Name at a given value specified by VAL. CDF -Cumulative distribution function of the random input variable specified in Name at a given value specified by VAL. INV -Inverse cumulative distribution function of the random input variable specified in Name at a given probability specified by VAL.
VAL
Value needed for Type = PDF, CDF, or INV. For Type = PDF and Type = CDF, this is the value of the random input variable at which the probabilistic density or cumulative distribution function should be evaluated. For Type = INV, VAL indicates the probability at which you want the inverse cumulative distribution function evaluated.
Notes
Evaluates statistical characteristics of a random input variable. The result is stored in the ANSYS parameter Rpar.
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Menu Paths
Main Menu>Prob Design>Inquire
Prev PDHIST Prev PDLHS P Commands
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PDLHS
Name
PDLHS, NSIM, NREP, ISopt, --, Astop, ACCMEAN, ACCSTDV , CHECK, Seed Specifies options for Monte Carlo Simulations using Latin-Hypercube sampling. group: PROBABILISTIC:Methods product: MP ME ST DY PR EM FL PP ED
NSIM
Number of simulation loops per repetition cycle.

NREP
Number of repetition cycles of the analysis.

ISopt
Latin-Hypercube sampling divides the domain of each random input variable into intervals of equal probability. The interval sampling option ISopt determines where the samples are located within each interval. RAND -Picks a random location within the interval (default). MEAN -Picks the mean value location within the interval. MEDI -Picks the median value location within the interval.
--
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P Commands Unused field.

Astop
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Autostop option label. AUTO -Enable Autostop. When Autostop is used, the PDS feature continues the simulation loops until the convergence criteria for the mean value and the standard deviation have been met or until the number of simulations NSIM are complete, whichever comes first. The convergence criteria (mean value and standard deviations of all random output parameters) are specified by the ACCMEAN and ACCSTDEV parameters. The criteria are met if the mean value and the standard deviations converge within the accuracy specified in the ACCMEAN and ACCSTDEV options. The convergence check is done every i-th loop, where i is specified in the CHECK parameter. ALL -Disable Autostop option. All Monte Carlo Simulations as specified by NSIM and NREP are performed (default).
ACCMEAN
Accuracy of the mean values of all random output parameters that must be met to activate Autostop. Default is 0.01 (1%). ACCMEAN is ignored for Astop = ALL. The convergence for the mean values is met if for all random output parameters y the following equation is true:
where the value of CHECK is given by the CHECK option.

ACCSTDEV
Accuracy of the standard deviations of all random output parameters that must be met to activate Autostop. The default is 0.02 (2%). ACCSTDEV is ignored for Astop = ALL. The convergence for the standard deviations is met if for all random output parameters y the following equation is true:
where the value of CHECK is given by the CHECK option.

CHECK
Sets how often conditions for convergence are checked for Autostop. The PDS feature checks if the convergence criteria are met every i-th loop, where i is given by the CHECK parameter. The default value is 10. It not recommended to use CHECK = 1, because it could cause Autostop to terminate the simulations prematurely. The mean values and standard deviation might not show large differences between all simulation loops but might still have a visible "global"
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trend if viewed over several simulations. This behavior indicates that convergence has not really been achieved. If you set CHECK = 1, then Autostop is not able to detect such a global trend. CHECK is ignored for Astop = ALL.
Seed
Seed value label. Random number generators require a seed value that is used to calculate the next random number. After each random number generation finishes, the seed value is updated and is used again to calculate the next random number. ANSYS initializes the seed value with the system time when the ANSYS session started. CONT -Continues updating using the derived seed value (default). TIME -Initializes the seed value with the system time. You can use this if you want the seed value set to a specific value for one analysis and then you want to continue with a "random" seed in the next analysis. It is not recommended to "randomize" the seed value with the Seed = TIME option for multiple analyses. If the Monte Carlo simulations requested with this command will be appended to previously existing simulations, then the Seed option is ignored and Seed = CONT is used. INIT -Initializes the seed value using 123457 (a typical recommendation). This option leads to identical random numbers for all random input variables when the exact analysis will be repeated, making it useful for benchmarking and validation purposes (where identical random numbers are desired). If the Monte Carlo simulations requested with this command will be appended to previously existing simulations, then the Seed option is ignored and Seed = CONT is used. Value -Uses the specified (positive) value for the initialization of the seed value. This option has the same effect as Seed = INIT, except you can chose an arbitrary (positive) number for the initialization. If the Monte Carlo simulations requested with this command will be appended to previously existing simulations, then the Seed option is ignored and Seed = CONT is used.
Command Default
NSIM Seed
= 30, NREP = 1, ISopt = RAND, Astop = ALL, ACCMEAN = 0.01, ACCSTDEV = 0.02, CHECK = 10, = CONT.
Notes
Defines the number of simulations per repetition cycle, number of repetition cycles, specification of the Autostop option, checking frequency for the Autostop option, and the seed value for random number generation. For Latin-Hypercube sampling, it is advantageous to divide the total number of requested simulations into a few repetitions. This adds more randomness to the sampling process. If NTOT is file://D:\Documents%20and%20Settings\Administrator\Local%20Settings\Temp\~hh... 20.05.2004
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the total number of simulations, then as a rough rule of thumb NTOT should be NREP = repetitions. The number obtained with this rule of thumb must be adjusted such that NTOT =
NREP*NSIM.
For example if NTOT = 1000 then NREP =
= 10, so the 1000 simulations can be
done in 100 simulations with 10 repetitions. If for example NTOT = 100 then NREP = = 3.16, which means that the 100 simulations could be broken up into either 2*50 or 4*25 simulations. If Autostop is enabled then the maximum number of simulations to be performed is given by NSIM*NREP. The Autostop option will terminate the simulations before the NSIM*NREP simulations are done if the convergence criteria are met.
Menu Paths
Main Menu>Prob Design>Monte Carlo Sims
Prev PDINQR Prev PDMETH P Commands
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PDMETH
Name
PDMETH, Method, Samp Specifies the probabilistic analysis method. group: PROBABILISTIC:Methods product: MP ME ST DY PR EM FL PP ED
Method
Label for the probabilistic analysis method. MCS -Monte Carlo Simulation RSM -Response Surface Method
Samp
Label for the sampling techniques. The sampling technique determines the values of the random input variables during the simulation loops.
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P Commands DIR --
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Direct or Crude Monte Carlo Sampling. This technique randomly samples the random input variables according to their distribution functions without "memory" of previous simulations. The parameters for a Monte Carlo Simulation using direct sampling are specified with the PDDMCS command. LHS -Latin Hypercube Sampling (default). Valid only for Method = MCS. For this sampling technique the random input variables are sampled randomly according to their distribution functions, efficiently stratifying the samples into layers and avoiding the reuse of those layers. The sampling process has a "memory" of previous simulations, which prevents accumulation of clusters of samples. In addition, this sampling strategy forces the extreme ends of a distribution function to participate in the sampling. This generally leads to smoother distribution functions of the sampled set. The parameters for a Monte Carlo Simulation using Latin-Hypercube sampling are specified with the PDLHS command. USER -User specified sampling. Valid only for Method = MCS. In this case you provide a file containing the sampling "points" (values) of all random input variables for all simulation loops. These samples are simply executed and it is your responsibility to specify the samples correctly. The probabilistic design system can perform only limited checks on the samples you provide. ANSYS allows Monte Carlo specific post-processing operations on the results generated with user-specified samples. The parameters for the user-supplied sampling technique are specified with the PDUSER command. CCD -Central Composite Design. Valid only for Method = RSM. A central composite design is composed of a center point, axis points, and corner points, called factorial points. Using large numbers of random input variables produces prohibitively large numbers of factorial points; therefore, ANSYS automatically reduces the number of factorial points by switching to a fractional plan for the factorial part of the design. See the PDCCD command for more information.
Note
This option is only valid for 2 to 20 random input variables. You will receive an error if you have specified fewer than 2 or more than 20 random input variables. BBM -Box-Behnken Matrix Design. Valid only for Method = RSM. A Box-Behnken Matrix design is composed of a center point plus the points at the middle of the edges of the hypercube in the space of random input variables. A Box-Behnken design might be advantageous if the corner points of the hypercube represent very extreme conditions
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that are undesirable and therefore should not be used for the sampling. See the PDBBM command for more information.
Note
This option is only valid for 3 to 12 random input variables. You will receive an error if you have specified fewer than 3 or more than 12 random input variables. USER -User specified sampling. In this case you provide a file containing the sampling "points" (values) of all random input variables for all simulation loops. These samples are simply executed and it is your responsibility to specify the samples correctly. The PDS can perform only limited checks on the samples you provide, if user-supplied sampling technique are specified with the PDUSER command.
Command Default
Method
= MCS, Samp = LHS.
Notes
Specifies the probabilistic analysis method and the sampling technique used for the individual probabilistic analysis method.
Menu Paths
Main Menu>Prob Design>Monte Carlo Sims Main Menu>Prob Design>Response Surface
Prev PDLHS Prev PDOT P Commands
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PDOT
Name
PDOT, LabR, LabX1, LabY1 , LabZ1, LabX2, LabY2, LabZ2 Calculates the dot product of two path vectors along the current path. group: POST1:Path Operations product: MP ME ST DY PR EM FL PP ED
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LabR
Label assigned to dot product result.

LabX1
X-component of first vector label (labeled path item).

LabY1
Y-component of first vector label (labeled path item).

LabZ1
Z-component of first vector label (labeled path item).

LabX2
X-component of second vector label (labeled path item).

LabY2
Y-component of second vector label (labeled path item).

LabZ2
Z-component of second vector label (labeled path item).
Menu Paths
Main Menu>General Postproc>Path Operations>Dot Product
Prev PDMETH Prev PDPINV P Commands
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PDPINV
Name
PDPINV, Rlab, Name, PROB, --, CONF Prints the result of the inversion of a probability. group: PROBABILISTIC:Post-processing
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Rlab
Name
PROB
Target probability for which the random parameter value should be determined.
--
Unused field.
CONF
Confidence level. The confidence level is used to print the confidence bounds on the random parameter value. The value for the confidence level must be between 0.0 and 1.0 and it defaults to 0.95 (95%). Printing of confidence bound is suppressed for CONF 0.5. This parameter is ignored for response surface methods results post-processing.
Command Default
Rlab
as described above, CONF = 0.95.
Notes
Prints the value for the random parameter Name at which the probability that there are simulation values lower than that value is equal to PROB. This corresponds to an inversion of the cumulative distribution function (see PDCDF command) at a given probability. In this sense the PDPINV is doing the opposite of the PDPROB command. The PDPROB command evaluates a probability for a given random parameter value and the PDPINV command evaluates the random parameter value that corresponds to a given probability. If Rlab is left blank, then the result set label is inherited from the last PDEXE command ( Slab), RSFIT command ( RSlab), or the most recently used PDS post-processing command where a result set label was explicitly specified. The confidence level is a probability expressing the confidence that the value for the requested result is in fact between the confidence bounds. The larger the confidence level, the wider the confidence bounds. Printing the confidence bounds only makes sense for post-processing Monte Carlo simulation results, where the confidence bounds represent the accuracy of the results. With
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increasing sample sizes, the width of the confidence bounds gets smaller for the same confidence level. For response surface analysis methods, the number of simulations done on the response surface is usually very large; therefore, the accuracy of the results is determined by the response surface fit and not by the confidence level. The PDPINV command cannot be used to post -process the results in a solution set that is based on Response Surface Methods, only Monte Carlo Simulations.
Menu Paths
Main Menu>Prob Design>Statistics>Inverse Prob
Prev PDOT Prev PDPLOT P Commands
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PDPLOT
Name
PDPLOT, Name, PLOW, PUP Plots the distribution curves of a defined random input variable. group: PROBABILISTIC:Pre-processing product: MP ME ST DY PR EM FL PP ED
Name
Parameter name. The parameter name must have been previously defined as a random input variable using the PDVAR command.
PLOW
Lower probability level used to determine the lower boundary of the curve. This probability must be between 0.0 and 1.0 and it defaults to 0.0025. This parameter is used to determine the lower plotting range (boundary) in case the random input variable does not have a minimum value (such as Gauss).
PUP
Upper probability level used to determine the upper boundary of the curve. This probability must be between 0.0 and 1.0 and it defaults to 0.9975.
Command Default
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= 0.0025 (applied if distribution type has no minimum), PUP = 0.9975 (applied if distribution type has no maximum).
Notes
Plots the distribution of a defined random input variable. The PDPLOT command generates a probability density function plot as well as a cumulative distribution function plot of the random variable. The probabilities PLOW and PUP are used to determine the plot range of the random input variable values. To do this, the probabilities are converted into random input variable values using the inverse cumulative distribution function of the random input variable as shown in the following illustration.
Using the probabilities ensures that the boundaries are always feasible and meaningful for the random input variable regardless of its distribution type. If PLOW is left blank, then a minimum value of the distribution is used for plotting, provided it exists (for example, uniform distribution). If the distribution type has no minimum value (for example, a gaussian distribution) then the default value is used to determine the lower plotting range value. The same applies for the maximum value, if PUP is left blank.
Menu Paths
Main Menu>Prob Design>Plot
Prev PDPINV Prev PDPROB P Commands
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PDPROB
Name
P Commands PDPROB, Rlab, Name, Relation, LIMIT, --, CONF Prints a probability result. group: PROBABILISTIC:Post-processing product: MP ME ST DY PR EM FL PP ED
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Rlab
Name
Parameter name. The parameter must have been previously defined as a random input variable or a random output parameter using the PDVAR command.
Relation
Relation label for the relation between probabilistic design parameter Name and the limit value LIMIT: LT -Less than (default). GT -Greater than.
LIMIT
Limit value.
--
Unused field.
CONF
Confidence level. The confidence level is used to print the confidence bounds on the probability. The value for the confidence level must be between 0.0 and 1.0 and it defaults to 0.95 (95%). Printing of confidence bound is suppressed for CONF 0.5. This parameter is ignored for response surface methods results post-processing.
Command Default
Rlab
as described above, Relation = LT, CONF = 0.95.
Notes
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Prints the probability that the probabilistic design input or output variable denoted with Name is smaller or larger than a certain limit value. If Rlab is left blank, then the result set label is inherited from the last PDEXE command ( Slab), RSFIT command ( RSlab), or the most recently used PDS post-processing command where a result set label was explicitly specified. Use the relation label Relation to specify if you want to print a traditional probability value (LT) or the exceedance probability (GT). The LIMIT directly specifies at which value of Name (the design parameter) the probability should be evaluated. If LIMIT is between two sample values of Name the resulting probability is linearly interpolated between the sample values. If LIMIT is smaller than all sample values of Name the probability is 0.0 for Relation = LT and 1.0 for Relation = GT. If LIMIT is greater than all sample values for Name the probability is 1.0 for Relation = LT and 0.0 for Relation = GT. The confidence level is a probability expressing the confidence that the value for the requested probability is in fact between the confidence bounds. The larger the confidence level, the wider the confidence bounds. Printing the confidence bounds only makes sense for post-processing Monte Carlo simulation results, where the confidence bounds represent the accuracy of the results. With increasing sample sizes, the width of the confidence bounds gets smaller for the same confidence level. For response surface analysis methods, the number of simulations done on the response surface is usually very large; therefore, the accuracy of the results is determined by the response surface fit and not by the confidence level. The PDPROB command cannot be used to post-process the results in a solution set that is based on Response Surface Methods, only Monte Carlo Simulations.
Menu Paths
Main Menu>Prob Design>Statistics>Probabilities
Prev PDPLOT Prev PDRAG P Commands
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PDRAG
Name
PDRAG, PX1, PY1, PZ1, H1, PX2, PY2, PZ2, H2, Kcord Defines the external fluid drag loading for a piping run. group: PREP7:Piping product: MP ME ST PR PP ED
P Commands
PX1, PY1, PZ1
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External fluid drag pressure (global Cartesian components) at height H1.

H1
Height (along Kcord coordinate) for first drag pressure.

PX2, PY2, PZ2
External fluid drag pressure (global Cartesian components) at height H2.

H2
Height (along Kcord coordinate) for second drag pressure.

Kcord
Coordinate direction for height value (in the global Cartesian coordinate system): X -X coordinate. Y -Y coordinate (default). Z -Z coordinate.
Notes
Defines the external fluid drag loading (pressure) as a function of height for a piping run. See the PREP7 RUN command. The element drag pressure is determined from the centroid height and linear interpolation. Pressures are assigned to the elements as they are generated.
Menu Paths
Main Menu>Preprocessor>Create>Piping Models>Loads
Prev PDPROB Prev PDRESU P Commands
Next PDRESU Next
PDRESU
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Name
PDRESU, Fname, Ext, Dir Reads the probabilistic model data and loads it into the database. group: PROBABILISTIC:Database product: MP ME ST DY PR EM FL PP ED
Fname
Ext
Filename extension (8 character maximum). The extension defaults to pds if Fname is blank; otherwise, no default.
Dir
Command Default
Fname
= jobname, Ext = pds, the default directory is the current working directory.
Notes
Reads the probabilistic model data from the specified file and loads it into the database. Probabilistic analyses results are not stored in the database with the PDRESU command, rather they reside in separate results files. Analyses results are loaded automatically (one-by-one and on demand) when a probabilistic post-processing command is issued.
Menu Paths
Main Menu>Prob Design>Resume
Prev PDRAG Prev PDROPT P Commands
Next PDROPT Next
PDROPT
P Commands
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Name
PDROPT, RVAR, CORR, STAT, SHIS, HIST, CDF, SENS, CMAT, CONF Specifies the options for an HTML report. group: PROBABILISTIC:Post-processing product: MP ME ST DY PR EM FL PP ED
RVAR
Specifies in which form to show the definitions of random variables in the report. 0 -Using tables (including name and distribution parameter) and figures (including a probability density function plot and a cumulative distribution plot) (default). 1 -Using tables only. 2 -Using figures only. 3 -None.
CORR
Specifies if a table describing the correlation between random variables should be included in the report. 0 -Yes, include this table (default). 1 -No, do not include this table.
STAT
Specifies which statistics to include in the report. In general, statistics are provided in a tabular form. 0 -Statistics of the random output parameters only (default). 1 --
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Statistics of both the random input variables and the random output parameters. 3 -None.
SHIS
Specifies which sample history plots to include in the report. This option applies to the random output parameters only. 0 -None (default). 1 -Mean value and standard deviation as a sample plot. 2 -Mean value, standard deviation and sample values as a sample plot. 3 -All types of sample plots - mean value, standard deviation, minimum value, maximum values, and the sample values.
HIST
Specifies which histogram plots to include in the report. 0 -Histogram of the random output parameters only (default). 1 -Histogram of the random input variables only. 2 -Histogram of both the random input variables and the random output parameters. 3 -None.
CDF
Specifies which cumulative distribution function (CDF) plots to include in the report. file://D:\Documents%20and%20Settings\Administrator\Local%20Settings\Temp\~hh... 20.05.2004
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CDF of both the random input variables and the random output parameters. 3 -None.
SENS
Specifies which sensitivity plots to include in the report. 0 -Plots the sensitivities for all random output parameters based on Spearman-rank-order correlation coefficient (default). 1 -Plots the sensitivities for all random output parameters based on linear (Pearson) correlation coefficient. 2 -Plots the sensitivities according to option SENS=1 and SENS=2. 3 -None.
CMAT
Specifies which correlation matrices to include in the report. 0 -Correlation matrix between random output parameters and random output parameters only (default). 1 -Correlation matrix between random input variables and random output parameters only. 2 -Correlation matrix between random input variables and random input variables only.
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P Commands 3 -Correlation matrices according to option CMAT=0 and CMAT=1. 4 -Correlation matrices according to option CMAT=0 and CMAT=2. 5 -Correlation matrices according to option CMAT=1 and CMAT=2. 6 -Correlation matrices according to option CMAT=0, CMAT=1, and CMAT=2. 7 -None.
CONF
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Confidence level. The confidence level is used to plot confidence bounds for the history value. The value for the confidence level must be between 0.0 and 1.0 and it defaults to 0.95 (95%). Confidence bound(s) plotting is suppressed for CONF 0.5. This option is ignored if the report does not include plots for which confidence bounds are applicable.
Command Default
RVAR
= 0, CORR = 0, STAT = 0, SHIS = 0, HIST = 0, CDF = 0, SENS = 0, CMAT = 0, CONF = 0.95.
Notes
Specifies the options for an HTML report. An HTML report includes a description of the deterministic model, the probabilistic model, the probabilistic methods used for the analyses, and the results obtained from the analyses. The deterministic model is documented in the report by including a link to the analysis file (see PDANL command). In addition, an element plot of the component is shown, if available, based on the current view settings. The command ALLSEL is issued automatically prior to the respective plot command.
Menu Paths
Main Menu>Prob Design>Report>Report Options
Prev PDRESU Prev /PDS P Commands
Next /PDS Next
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/PDS
Name
/PDS Enters the probabilistic design system. group: PROBABILISTIC:Auxiliary product: MP ME ST DY PR EM FL PP ED
Notes
Enters the Probabilistic Design System (PDS). This command is valid only at the Begin Level.
Menu Paths
Main Menu>Prob Design
Prev PDROPT Prev PDSAVE P Commands
Next PDSAVE Next
PDSAVE
Name
PDSAVE, Fname, Ext, Dir Writes the probabilistic model data to a file. group: PROBABILISTIC:Database product: MP ME ST DY PR EM FL PP ED
Fname
Ext
Filename extension (8 character maximum). The extension defaults to pds if Fname is blank; otherwise, no default. file://D:\Documents%20and%20Settings\Administrator\Local%20Settings\Temp\~hh... 20.05.2004
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Dir
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Command Default
Fname
= Jobname, Ext = pds, the default directory is the current working directory.
Notes
Writes the probabilistic model data to a file. Saved data include probabilistic data only; the results of the probabilistic analyses are not stored in the file (rather, these are stored in separate result files).
Menu Paths
Main Menu>Prob Design>Save
Prev /PDS Prev PDSCAT P Commands
Next PDSCAT Next
PDSCAT
Name
PDSCAT, Rlab, Name1, Name2, Type, ORDER, NMAX Plots a scatter graph. group: PROBABILISTIC:Post-processing product: MP ME ST DY PR EM FL PP ED
Rlab
Result set label. Identifies the result set to be used for post-processing. A result set label can be the solution set label you defined in a PDEXE command, or the response surface set label defined in an RSFIT command.
Name1, Name2
Parameter names. The parameters must have been previously defined as a random input variable or a random output parameter using the PDVAR command. The parameter data for Name1 is shown on the X-axis and the parameter data for Name2 is shown on the Y-axis in the plot.
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Type
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Keyword for the type of trendline curve. POLY -Polynomial trendline (default). NONE -A trendline is not plotted.
ORDER
Order of the polynomial trendline. This parameter is used only for Type = POLY. ORDER must be a positive number. There is no maximum for ORDER provided there are enough data points to evaluate a polynomial of the requested order. Default is 1.
NMAX
Maximum number of points plotted in the scatter plot. If there are more sample data, then only the first NMAX points are plotted. The default value is 10,000.
Command Default
Rlab
as described above, Type = POLY, ORDER = 1, NMAX = 10,000
Notes
Plots a scatter graph with or without a trendline. The scatter plot shows the simulated points for two random parameters. Random input variables and random output parameters are valid for both X- and Y-axis. The mean value of both parameters are marked with separate green lines. The point where the green lines cross marks the statistical center of gravity of the cloud of all simulated data points of the two parameters. If Rlab is left blank, then the result set label is inherited from the last PDEXE command ( Slab), RSFIT command ( RSlab), or the most recently used PDS post-processing command where a result set label was explicitly specified. If the parameter data for Name1 includes negative values, fitting a logarithmic trendline is not possible and the logarithmic trendline plot is suppressed if requested. The same applies for an exponential trendline if the data for the Name2 includes negative values. Because of the amount of data involved, the scatter plot is limited to NMAX points. If shown, the trendline is evaluated only on the NMAX points shown. However, the statistical information shown in the plot, such as the mean value lines for both parameters and the correlation coefficients listed in the legend are based on the full set of samples. If required, you can increase NMAX to plot more points, but this will affect the time needed to process the PDSCAT command. If NMAX is less than the total amount of simulated points, which is typically possible for Response Surface Methods, you will see an appropriate warning in the plot legend.
Menu Paths
P Commands Main Menu>Prob Design>Trends>Scatter Plot
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Prev PDSAVE Prev PDSENS P Commands
Next PDSENS Next
PDSENS
Name
PDSENS, Rlab, Name, Chart, Type, SLEVEL Plots the probabilistic sensitivities. group: PROBABILISTIC:Post-processing product: MP ME ST DY PR EM FL PP ED
Rlab
Result set label. Identifies the result set to be used for post-processing. A result set label can be the solution set label you defined in a PDEXE command (if you are directly post-processing Monte Carlo Simulation results), or the response surface set label defined in an RSFIT command (for Response Surface Analyses). The PDSENS command cannot be used to postprocess the results in a solution set that is based on Response Surface Methods, only Monte Carlo Simulations.
Name
Parameter name. The parameter must have been previously defined as a random output parameter using the PDVAR command.
Chart
Keyword for the type of chart to be plotted. BAR -Bar chart of the absolute sensitivities. PIE -Pie chart of relative and normalized sensitivities. BOTH -Both pie and bar charts plotted side by side (default).
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Type
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Keyword for the type of correlation coefficients used to evaluate the sensitivities. RANK -Spearman rank-order correlation coefficient (default). LIN -Pearson linear correlation coefficient.
SLEVEL
Significance level. The value for the significance level must be between 0.0 and 1.0 and it defaults to 0.025 (2.5%).
Command Default
Rlab
as described above, Chart = BOTH, Corr = RANK, SLEVEL = 0.025
Notes
Plots the probabilistic sensitivities. If Rlab is left blank, then the result set label is inherited from the last PDEXE command ( Slab), RSFIT command ( RSlab), or the most recently used PDS post-processing command where a result set label was explicitly specified. Evaluation of the probabilistic sensitivities is based on the correlation coefficients between all random input variables and the random output parameter specified by Name. You can chose which correlation coefficient should be used for that evaluation using the Corr option. For all sensitivity values, the probabilistic design tool evaluates the probability that the sensitivity can be neglected, based on statistical test theory. If this probability exceeds the significance level as specified by the SLEVEL parameter, the sensitivity value should be regarded as negligible or insignificant. The higher the significance level ( SLEVEL) the more sensitivities are considered as significant. The sensitivity plot includes the significant sensitivities only and lists the insignificant ones separately.
Menu Paths
Main Menu>Prob Design>Trends>Sensitivities
Prev PDSCAT Prev PDSHIS P Commands
Next PDSHIS Next
PDSHIS
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Name
PDSHIS, Rlab, Name, Type, CONF Plots the sample history values. group: PROBABILISTIC:Post-processing product: MP ME ST DY PR EM FL PP ED
Rlab
Result set label. Identifies the result set to be used for post-processing. A result set label can be the solution set label you defined in a PDEXE command, or the response surface set label defined in an RSFIT command.
Name
Parameter name. The parameter must have been previously defined as a random input variable or a random output parameter using the PDVAR command.
Type
Keyword to identify which type of data is to be plotted: SAMP -Sampled values (default). MEAN -Mean values for results based on Monte Carlo simulation methods only. STDV -Standard deviations for results based on Monte Carlo simulation methods only. MIN -Minimum values for results based on Monte Carlo simulation methods only. MAX -Maximum values for results based on Monte Carlo simulation methods only. MEAN, STDV, MIN, and MAX are only valid for Monte Carlo methods.
CONF
Confidence level. The confidence level is used to plot confidence bounds for the history value. The value for the confidence level must be between 0.0 and 1.0 and it defaults to 0.95 (95%). Confidence bound(s) plotting is suppressed for CONF 0.5. This option is ignored for Type = SAMP (no confidence bounds are plotted). file://D:\Documents%20and%20Settings\Administrator\Local%20Settings\Temp\~hh... 20.05.2004
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Command Default
Rlab
as described above, Type = SAMP, CONF = 0.95
Notes
Plots the sample history values as a function of the number of simulation loops. If Rlab is left blank, then the result set label is inherited from the last PDEXE command ( Slab), RSFIT command ( RSlab), or the most recently used PDS post-processing command where a result set label was explicitly specified. The confidence level is a probability expressing the confidence that the value for the requested probability is in fact between the confidence bounds. The larger the confidence level, the wider the confidence bounds. For Type = MEAN and Type = STDV, lower and upper confidence curves are plotted. For Type = MEAN, the mean value curve starts at the first simulation and the confidence bounds start with simulation number 2. For Type = MIN only the upper confidence bound is shown (the interpretation is that by a certain probability the true minimum value is below this curve). This probability (or confidence) is set using CONF. Likewise, for Type = MAX, only the lower confidence bound is shown. For all Type options, confidence curves are plotted starting with the simulation at which enough data is available to calculate the bounds. However, for scaling reasons, no confidence bounds are plotted for simulation numbers 1 to 5 even if they might be available.
Menu Paths
Main Menu>Prob Design>Statistics>Sampl History
Prev PDSENS Prev PDUSER P Commands
Next PDUSER Next
PDUSER
Name
PDUSER, Fname, Ext, Dir Specifies options for user-specified sampling methods. group: PROBABILISTIC:Methods product: MP ME ST DY PR EM FL PP ED
Fname
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Ext
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Dir
Notes
If user-specified sampling methods are requested with the PDMETH, MCS, USER command or the PDMETH, RSM, USER command, then you need to specify which file contains the sample data. For more information on the format of this file, see Probabilistic Design in the ANSYS Advanced Analysis Techniques Guide.
Menu Paths
Main Menu>Prob Design>Monte Carlo Sims Main Menu>Prob Design>Response Surface
Prev PDSHIS Prev PDVAR P Commands
Next PDVAR Next
PDVAR
Name
PDVAR, Name, Type, PAR1, PAR2, PAR3, PAR4 Specifies the parameters to be treated as probabilistic design variables. group: PROBABILISTIC:Pre-processing product: MP ME ST DY PR EM FL PP ED
Name
Parameter name (must be a scalar ANSYS parameter). The parameter must have been previously defined as a random input variable or a random output parameter with the PDVAR command. See the *SET command for restrictions about ANSYS parameters.
Type
Probabilistic design variable type. This is the statistical distribution type. For mroe information file://D:\Documents%20and%20Settings\Administrator\Local%20Settings\Temp\~hh... 20.05.2004
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on each of these types, see Probabilistic Design in the ANSYS Advanced Analysis Techniques Guide. BETA -Beta distributed random variable.
PAR1 PAR2 PAR3 PAR4
= Shape parameter. Defaults to 2.0. = Shape parameter. Defaults to 2.0. = Lower minimum value. Defaults to 0.0. = Upper maximum value. Defaults to 1.0.
EXPO -Exponential distributed random variable.

PAR1 PAR2
= Decay parameter
. Must be larger then 0.0 and defaults to 1.0.
= Shift or minimum value. Defaults to 0.0. are ignored.
PAR3, PAR4
GAMA -Gamma distributed random variable.

PAR1 PAR2
= Decay parameter
. Must be larger then 0.0 and defaults to 1.0.
= Exponential parameter k. Must be larger then 0.0 and defaults to 1.0. are ignored.Exponential distributed random variable.
PAR3, PAR4
GAUS -Gaussian (Normal) distributed random variable.

PAR1 PAR2
= Mean value. Defaults to 0.0. = Standard deviation. Must be larger then 0.0 and defaults to 1.0. are ignored.
PAR3, PAR4
LOG1 -Lognormal distributed random variable specified directly with the statistical parameters mean value and standard deviation.
PAR1 PAR2
= Mean value. Must be larger then 0.0 and defaults to 1.0. = Standard deviation. Must be larger then 0.0 and defaults to 1.0.
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PAR3, PAR4
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LOG2 -Lognormal distributed random variable specified with the statistical parameters mean value and standard deviation of the logarithm of the random values. and PAR2 must also be defined. PAR1 = Mean value of the logarithm of the data. Defaults to 0.0.
PAR1
= Standard deviation of the logarithm of the data. Must be larger then 0.0 and defaults to 1.0.
PAR2 PAR3, PAR4
are ignored.
UNIF -Uniform distributed random variable. Note that PAR1 must be less than PAR2.
PAR1 PAR2
= Minimum value. Defaults to 0.0. = Maximum value. Defaults to 1.0. are ignored.
PAR3, PAR4
TGAU -Truncated Gaussian distributed random variable. Note that PAR3 must be less than PAR4.
PAR1 PAR2
= Mean value of the un-truncated gaussian distribution. Defaults to 0.0.
= Standard deviation of the un-truncated gaussian distribution. Must be larger then 0.0 and defaults to 1.0.
PAR3 PAR4
= Minimum value and lower truncation boundary. Defaults to -3.0. = Maximum value and upper truncation boundary. Defaults to +3.0.
TRIA -Triangular distributed random variable. Note that PAR1 must be less than PAR2 which must be less than PAR3.
PAR1 PAR2 PAR3 PAR4
= Minimum value. Defaults to 0.0. = Most Likely Value (MLV). Defaults to 0.5. = Maximum value. Defaults to 1.0. is ignored.
WEIB --
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Weibull (Type III smallest) distributed random variable. Note that PAR2 must be greater than PAR3. If PAR3 = 0.0, the random distribution is equivalent to a two-parameter Weibull distribution.
PAR1 PAR2 PAR3 PAR4
= Weibull exponent. Must be larger then 0.0 and defaults to 1.0. = Characteristic value. Must be larger then 0.0 and defaults to 1.0. = Shift or minimum value. Defaults to 0.0. is ignored.
RESP -Random output or response parameter.PAR1 to PAR4 are not used. DEL -Deletes this probabilistic design variable (does not delete the ANSYS parameter). This option is only valid if the parameter Name was previously defined as a probabilistic design variable (using Type = BETA, ..., WEIB or Type = RESP). The parameter retains the value assigned during the last probabilistic design loop.PAR1 to PAR4 are not used.
PAR1, ..., PAR4
Parameters of the distribution function. The parameters must be specified according to the requirements of the individual distribution types described above.
Notes
Specifies the parameters to be treated as probabilistic design variables. A random input variable is specified by the name of the ANSYS parameter, the type of the distribution function ( Type) and its distribution parameters ( PAR1, ..., PAR4). A random output parameter is specified by the name of the ANSYS parameter and the type identifying it as a random output parameter ( Type = RESP).
Menu Paths
Main Menu>Prob Design>Random Input
Prev PDUSER Prev PDWRITE P Commands
Next PDWRITE Next
PDWRITE
Name
P Commands
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PDWRITE, File, Fnam , Lnam Generates an HTML report for the probabilistic analyses. group: PROBABILISTIC:Post-processing product: MP ME ST DY PR EM FL PP ED
File
File name for the report (32 characters maximum).

Fnam
First name of the author of the report (32 characters maximum). This first name must not include blanks.
Lnam
Last name of the author of the report (32 characters maximum). This last name must not include blanks.
Notes
Generates an HTML report for the probabilistic analysis. An HTML report includes a description of the deterministic model, the probabilistic model, the probabilistic methods used for the analyses and the results obtained from the analyses.
Menu Paths
Main Menu>Prob Design>Report>Generate Report
Prev PDVAR Prev PEMOPTS P Commands
Next PEMOPTS Next
PEMOPTS
Name
PEMOPTS, TOLER, Method Defines percentage tolerance and error estimation method for electrostatic p-Method solution. group: SOLUTION:Controls product: MP ME ST EM PP ED
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TOLER
Percentage tolerance used to determine which elements to fix at the current p-level. If an element's error energy is less that this tolerance, it's p-level will be fixed at the current level. Defaults to 5%.
Method
Specifies the error estimation method. ZZ -Zienkiewicz-Zhu error estimator. Applicable to problems with a single dielectric material (default). DUAL -Dual field method. Applicable to problems with single or multiple dielectric materials.
Notes
Menu Paths
Main Menu>Preprocessor>Loads>p-Method>Solution Options Main Menu>Solution>p-Method>Solution Options
Prev PDWRITE Prev PERBC2D P Commands
Next PERBC2D Next
PERBC2D
Name
PERBC2D, LOC1, LOC2, LOCTOL, R1, R2, TOLR, OPT, PLNOPT Generates periodic constraints for 2D planar magnetic field analyses. group: PREP7:Special Purpose product: MP ME ST DY EM PP ED
P Commands
LOC1
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Constant coordinate location of the first plane of nodes. For PLNOPT = 1 or 2, the constant coordinate location is the global Cartesian coordinate system [CSYS,0] location in the X or Y direction respectively. For PLNOPT = 0, the location is the angle in the global cylindrical coordinate system [CSYS,1].
LOC2
Constant coordinate location of the second plane of nodes. For PLNOPT = 1 or 2, the constant coordinate location is the global Cartesian coordinate system [CSYS,0] location in the X or Y direction respectively. For PLNOPT = 0, the location is the angle (in degrees) in the global cylindrical coordinate system [CSYS,1].
LOCTOL
Tolerance on the constant coordinate location for node selection. Defaults to .00001 for PLNOPT = 1 or 2 and .001 degrees for PLNOPT = 0.
R1
Minimum coordinate location along the second plane of nodes. For PLNOPT = 1 or 2, the coordinate location is the global Cartesian coordinate system location in the Y or X direction respectively. For PLNOPT = 0, the coordinate location is the radial coordinate value in the global cylindrical coordinate system. Periodic conditions are not applied to nodes at this location.
R2
Maximum coordinate location along the second plane of nodes. For PLNOPT = 1 or 2, the coordinate location is the global Cartesian coordinate system location in the Y or X direction respectively. For PLNOPT = 0, the coordinate location is the radial coordinate value in the global cylindrical coordinate system. Periodic conditions are not applied to nodes at this location.
TOLR
Tolerance dimension on node selection along the plane of nodes. Defaults to .00001.
OPT
Periodic option: 0 -Odd symmetry (default). Apply constraint equations such that AZ(i) = -AZ(j). 1 -Even symmetry. Apply node coupling such that AZ(i) = AZ(j).
PLNOPT
Symmetry plane option: file://D:\Documents%20and%20Settings\Administrator\Local%20Settings\Temp\~hh... 20.05.2004
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Planes of constant angle in the global cylindrical coordinate system [CSYS,1]. 1 -Planes parallel to the global Cartesian X axis [CSYS,0]. 2 -Planes parallel to the global Cartesian Y axis [CSYS,0].
Notes
PERBC2D invokes an ANSYS macro which generates periodic boundary condition constraints for two-dimensional planar magnetic field analysis. The macro is restricted to node pairs sharing common coordinate values along symmetry planes separated by a constant coordinate value. Planes (or lines) must lie at either constant angles ( PLNOPT = 0), constant X values (PLNOPT = 1), or constant Y values ( PLNOPT = 2). PERBC2D applies constraint equations ( OPT = 0, odd symmetry) or node coupling (OPT = 1, even symmetry) to each node pair sharing a common coordinate value along the symmetry planes. By default, periodic conditions are not applied at the first and last node pairs on the symmetry planes unless the input location values, R1 and R2, are adjusted to be less than or greater than the actual node coordinate values. Nodes are selected for application of the constraints using the NSEL command with tolerances on the constant coordinate location ( LOCTOL) and the coordinate location along the plane (RTOL).
Menu Paths
Main Menu>Preprocessor>Loads>Apply>Boundary>Periodic BCs Main Menu>Solution>Apply>Boundary>Periodic BCs
Prev PEMOPTS Prev PERI P Commands
Next PERI Next
PERI
Name
PERI, DX, DY, DZ Specifies periodic boundary conditions in an incompressible flow analysis. group: PREP7:FLOTRAN Miscellaneous product: MP FL PP ED
P Commands
DX
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Offset in the X direction of the second boundary from the first.

DY
Offset in the Y direction of the second boundary from the first.

DZ
Offset in the Z direction of the second boundary from the first.
Notes
Specified offsets must be consistent with the flow field coordinate system, as dictated by the FLUID141 and FLUID142 KEYOPT(3) setting. The meshes at the two boundaries must be identical.
Menu Paths
Prev PERBC2D Prev PEXCLUDE P Commands
Next PEXCLUDE Next
PEXCLUDE
Name
PEXCLUDE, ELEM Specifies elements to be excluded from p-level escalations. group: SOLUTION:p-Method product: MP ME ST PR PP ED
ELEM
Element number of element to be excluded. If ELEM = ALL, exclude all elements. If ELEM = STAT, give status of excluded elements. If ELEM = P, graphical picking is enabled and all remaining command fields are ignored (valid only in the GUI). A component name may be substituted for ELEM.
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Command Default
No elements are excluded.
Notes
The elements chosen by this command will be excluded from convergence calculations. As as a result, these elements will not have their p-levels increased throughout the solution iterations. This command is also valid in PREP7.
Menu Paths
Main Menu>Preprocessor>Loads>p-Method>Exclude Elems Main Menu>Solution>p-Method>Exclude Elems
Prev PERI Prev PFACT P Commands
Next PFACT Next
PFACT
Name
PFACT, TBLNO, Excit, Parcor Calculates participation factors for the PSD or multi-point response spectrum table. group: SOLUTION:Spectrum Options product: MP ME ST PP ED
TBLNO
Input PSD (Power Spectral Density) table number for which participation factors are to be calculated.
Excit
Label defining the location of excitation: BASE -Base excitation (default). NODE -file://D:\Documents%20and%20Settings\Administrator\Local%20Settings\Temp\~hh... 20.05.2004
P Commands Nodal excitation.

Parcor
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Label defining excitation type (applies only to SPOPT ,PSD analysis). Used only when partially correlated excitation is due to wave propagation or spatial correlation. Defaults to partially correlated excitation as defined by COVAL and QDVAL commands. WAVE -Excitation defined by PSDWAV command. SPAT -Excitation defined by PSDSPL command.
Notes
Calculates the participation factors for a particular PSD or multi-point response spectrum table defined with the PSDVAL command. The Jobname.DB file must contain modal solution data in order for this command to calculate the participation factor. There must be a PFACT command for each excitation spectrum. This command is also valid in PREP7.
Menu Paths
Main Menu>Preprocessor>Loads>Spectrum>Calculate PF Main Menu>Solution>Spectrum>Calculate PF
Prev PEXCLUDE Prev PFLUID P Commands
Next PFLUID Next
PFLUID
Name
PFLUID, DENS Defines the contained fluid density for a piping run. group: PREP7:Piping product: MP ME ST PR PP ED
DENS
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Notes
See the PREP7 RUN command.
Menu Paths
Prev PFACT Prev PGAP P Commands
Next PGAP Next
PGAP
Name
PGAP , NLOC, K, DX, DY, DZ, GAP, ELEM Defines a spring-gap constraint in a piping run. group: PREP7:Piping product: MP ME ST PR PP ED
NLOC
Node where gap is to be placed. Defaults to current run starting point.

K
Spring constant value (must be positive).

DX, DY, DZ
Increment (in terms of the active coordinate system components) to determine gap ground point. Element length must not be zero. Constraints are automatically generated at the ground point.
GAP
Gap size (defaults to the element length).

ELEM
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P Commands Element number to be assigned to gap (defaults to MAXEL + 1).
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Notes
Defines a spring-gap constraint (gap element, CONTAC52) at a given location in a piping run. Gives spring constraint resistance after a specified gap is closed. See the RUN command.
Menu Paths
Main Menu>Preprocessor>Create>Piping Models>Spring-Gap Supp
Prev PFLUID Prev PGRAPH P Commands
Next PGRAPH Next
PGRAPH
Name
PGRAPH, Option, Fname, Fext, -- Specifies the location from which graphics data will be retrieved for viewing. group: POST1:Misc Loads product: MP ME ST DY PR EM FL PP ED
Option
Switch that controls the PGR file write operations : Off -Use the data currently in the data base for display (default). On -Use the PowerGraphics data in the PGR file for display.
Fname
File name (32 characters maximum) of the PGR file that will be viewed. The file name defaults to Jobname, or File if no jobname is specified.
Fext
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P Commands Filename extension (8 character maximum).

Dir
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Notes Menu Paths

Main Menu>Solution>Output Controls>PGR File Main Menu>General Postproc>Write PGR File
Prev PGAP Prev PGRSET P Commands
Next PGRSET Next
PGRSET
Name
PGRSET, Lstep, SBSTEP, --, KIMG, TIME, --, NSET Defines the data set to be read from the PGR file. group: POST1:Set Up product: MP ME ST DY PR EM FL PP ED
Lstep
Load step number of the data set to be read (defaults to 1): N -Read load step N. FIRST -Store the first data set on the PGR file ( SBSTEP and TIME are ignored). LAST -Store the last data set on the PGR file. (SBSTEP and TIME are ignored).
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P Commands NEXT --
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Store the next data set on the PGR file ( SBSTEP and TIME are ignored). If at the last data set, the first data set will be read as the next. LIST -Scan the PGR file and list a summary of each load step. ( FACT, KIMG, TIME and ANGLE are ignored.)
SBSTEP
Substep number (within Lstep). If Lstep = LIST, SBSTEP = 0 or 1 lists the basic step information, whereas SBSTEP = 2 also lists the load step title, and labels imaginary data sets if they exist. Default maximum is 1000. When the number of substeps exceeds this limit, you need to issue SET,Lstep,LAST to bring in the 1000th load step. Use /CONFIG to increase the limit.
KIMG
Used only with results from complex analyses. 0 -Store real part of complex solution. 1 -Store imaginary part.
TIME
Time-point identifying the data set to be read. For the harmonic response analyses, time corresponds to the frequency. If both Lstep and SBSTEP are zero (or blank), read data set at time = TIME. If TIME is beyond the last time point on the file, the last time point will be used. If TIME doe not match a time value on the PGR file, the nearest time point in the data set will be used.
NSET
Data set number of the data set to be read. If a positive value for NSET is entered, Lstep, SBSTEP, KIMG, and TIME are ignored. Available set numbers can be determined by PGRSET,LIST.
Notes
Defines the data set to be read from the PGR file into the database. Various operations may also be performed during the read operation.
Menu Paths
Main Menu>Soution>Output Ctrls>PGR File
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P Commands Main Menu>General Postproc>Write PGR File
Page 98 of 240
Prev PGRAPH Prev PGSAVE P Commands
Next PGSAVE Next
PGSAVE
Name
PGSAVE, Fname, Fext, --, DataType, InteriorKey, Append Creates a PowerGraphics (PGR) file from results data. group: POST1:Misc Loads product: MP ME ST DY PR EM FL PP ED
Fname
File name (32 characters maximum). The file name defaults to Jobname, or File if no jobname is specified.
Fext

Dir

DataType
Data type to create. This specification applies to discontinuous results data such as stress, strain, and field data. . 0 -Save as nodal-averaged data (default). Used by the PLNSOL command. 1 -Reserved. 2 --
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Save both nodal averaged and unaveraged data. Used by the PLESOL and PLNSOL commands.
InteriorKey
Key that controls whether or not internal model data is saved to the PGR file. Internal data is required in order to use graphical slicing, capping, vector displays, or Isosurface displays for data display. Interior data is also required for the AVRES , FULL option, where surface results take into consideration the interior element contributions. 0 -Save exterior surface data only. (default) 1 -Save exterior and interior data.
Append
Append or overwrite data to the specified file. . 0 -Append the data to the existing file (default). Note that the geometry must not have been changed between the write operations. 1 -Overwrite the data file.
Notes
The user may elect to write results to the PGR file in a specified order. The specifications (including /ESHAPE parameters) must be defined before saving the file. The GUI will allow the user to write the current set, or all sets from the results file. For contact analysis, only flexflex analysis is supported.
Menu Paths
Main Menu>Soution>Output Ctrls>PGR File Main Menu>General Postproc>Write PGR File
Prev PGRSET Prev PGSELE P Commands
Next PGSELE Next
PGSELE
P Commands
Page 100 of 240
Name
PGSELE, Type, Item, , VMIN, VMAX, VINC Select a subset of elements for display with the PGR viewer. group: GRAPHICS:Labeling product: MP ME ST DY PR EM FL PP ED
Type
Label identifying type of select S -Select a new set (default) R -Reselect a set from the current set A -Additionally select a set, extending the current set. U -Unselect a set from the current set. ALL -Restore the full set. Subsequent command arguments are ignored. INVE -Invert the current set (change selected to unselected; change unselected to selected). Subsequent command arguments are ignored. STAT -Display the current select status. Subsequent command arguments are ignored.
Item
Label identifying the data. Valid labels are: If Type = STAT and Item = (blank) or ELEM, the element selection information is provided. Type -Element type number Mat - Material number Real - Real constant number Sec - Section identification number
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P Commands Comp or CM - Component name(s). (see notes, below) Pick - Pick entities via a picking window. (see notes, below) (Defaults to Type).
VMIN
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Minimum value of Item range. Ranges are attribute numbers.

VMAX
Maximum value for Item range. VMAX defaults to VMIN for input values.
VINC
Value increment within Item range. Used only with integer ranges (such as for attribute numbers). Defaults to 1. VINC cannot be negative.
Command Default
All elements are selected.
Notes
When Item = Pick, interactive picking is enabled. The displayed facets of the elements you pick will be flagged according to how they are resolved in PowerGraphics. Exterior elements will be flagged on each facet surface, while elements with no external (surface) component will be flagged at the centroid of that element. When Item = Comp, the subsequent values for VMIN, VMAX, and VINC, are replaced by valid component names (32 character max). You can name up to 16 components in this fashion. All named components must contain elements. This command is valid in POST1
Menu Paths
Main Menu>General Postproc>Results Viewer
Prev PGSAVE Prev PGWRITE P Commands
Next PGWRITE Next
PGWRITE
Name
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P Commands
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PGWRITE, Label, Fname, Fext, --, DataType, InteriorKey , Append Writes selected solution data to the PGR file for faster post processing access. group: SOLUTION:Misc Loads product: MP ME ST DY PR EM FL PP ED
Label
Switch that controls the PGR file write operations : Off -Do not write the PGR file during the solution. On -Write the PGR file during solution (default). STAT -Display the current status of the PGR file settings.
Fname
File name (32 characters maximum). The file name defaults to Jobname, or File if no jobname is specified.
Fext

Dir

DataType
Data type to create. This specification applies to discontinuous results data such as stress, strain, and field data. . 0 -Save as nodal-averaged data (default). Used by the PLNSOL command. 1 -Reserved. 2 --
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Save both nodal averaged and unaveraged data. Used by the PLESOL and PLNSOL commands.
InteriorKey
Key that controls whether or not internal model data is saved to the PGR file. Internal data is required in order to use graphical slicing, capping, vector displays, or Isosurface displays for data display. Interior data is also required for the AVRES , FULL option, where surface results take into consideration the interior element contributions. 0 -Save exterior surface data only. (default) 1 -Save exterior and interior data.
Append
Append or overwrite data to the specified file. . 0 -Append the data to the existing file (default). Note that the geometry must not have been changed between the write operations. 1 -Overwrite the data file.
Notes
In interactive mode, you cannot read the PGR file while PGWRITE is active. If you solve your model and want to plot the model while still in SOLUTION, you must first close the PGR file by issuing PGWRITE ,off. This occurs automatically when you exit SOLUTION and enter POST1. When you wish to view your stress results in another coordinate system, you must generate your PGR file from the results file, in POST1, in that coordinate system.
Menu Paths
Main Menu>Soution>Output Ctrls>PGR File Main Menu>General Postproc>Write PGR File
Prev PGSELE Prev PHYSICS P Commands
Next PHYSICS Next
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P Commands
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PHYSICS
Name
PHYSICS, Option, Title, Fname, Ext, Dir Writes, reads, or lists all element information group: PREP7:Special Purpose product: MP ME ST DY PR EM FL PP ED
Option
Specifies what to do with element information: WRITE -Write all appropriate element types, key options, real constants, material properties, solution analysis options, load step options, constraint equations, coupled nodes, defined components, and GUI preference settings to the file specified with the Fname, Ext, and Dir arguments. READ -Deletes all solution information (material properties, solution options, load step options, constraint equations, coupled nodes, results, and GUI preference settings) then reads all the information listed above into the ANSYS database from the location specified by the Fname, Ext, and Dir arguments. LIST -Lists currently defined physics files and their titles. DELETE -Deletes a specified physics file and its title from the database. CLEAR -Deletes all material properties, solution options, load step options, constraint equations, coupled nodes, results, and GUI preference settings from the database. STATUS -Displays information about all active elements and settings.
Title
A user-defined title that quickly identifies a set of physics settings. For example, you might use "Fluid," "Structural," or "Magnetic" as titles. A title can contain up to 64 characters.
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P Commands
Fname
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File name (32 characters maximum). The file name defaults to Jobname. Previous data on this file, if any, are overwritten.
Ext
Filename extension (8 character maximum). The extension defaults to PHn if Fname is blank, where n is a number between one and nine, depending on how many times you have issued the PHYSICS command. (You can have up to nine separate physics files.) If you issue the command more than nine times, the ANSYS program will require you to delete an existing file.
Dir
Notes
Use the PHYSICS command when you are performing a multiphysics analysis that involves two different disciplines (for example, CFD and structural analysis) and you cannot solve both analyses simultaneously. Once you have set up physics environments for both analyses, you can use the PHYSICS,READ command to change between the defined physics environments. For more information about doing multiphysics analyses, see Sequential Coupled-Field Analysis in the ANSYS Coupled-Field Analysis Guide. The PHYSICS command outputs all solution information, including analysis options, to the Jobname.PHn file described above. Although it also outputs components, the ANSYS program does not list entities (nodes, elements, lines, etc.).
Menu Paths
Main Menu>Preprocessor>Physics>Clear Main Menu>Preprocessor>Physics>Delete Main Menu>Preprocessor>Physics>List Main Menu>Preprocessor>Physics>Read Main Menu>Preprocessor>Physics>Status Main Menu>Preprocessor>Physics>Write Main Menu>Solution>Physics>Clear Main Menu>Solution>Physics>Delete Main Menu>Solution>Physics>List Main Menu>Solution>Physics>Read Main Menu>Solution>Physics>Status Main Menu>Solution>Physics>Write
Prev
Next
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P Commands PGWRITE Prev /PICE P Commands
Page 106 of 240 /PICE Next
/PICE
Name
/PICE, Item, --, KEY Shows initial conditions on elements as contours on displays. group: GRAPHICS:Labeling product: MP FL PP ED
Item
Label identifying the item: VFRC -Volume fraction.

--
Unused field.
KEY
Symbol key: 0 -Do not show initial condition contours. 1 -Show initial condition contours.
Command Default
No initial condition contours displayed.
Notes
Shows initial conditions as contours on displays for the selected elements. Use /PSTATUS or /PICE,STAT to display settings. Use /PICE,DEFA to reset all specifications back to default. /PICE is overridden if /PBF, /PSF, and /PBC are all on.
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P Commands This command is valid in any processor.
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Menu Paths
Prev PHYSICS Prev PINCLUDE P Commands
Next PINCLUDE Next
PINCLUDE
Name
PINCLUDE , ELEM Specifies elements to be included in p-level escalations. group: SOLUTION:p-Method product: MP ME ST PR PP ED
ELEM
Element number of element to be included. If ELEM = ALL, include all elements. If ELEM = STAT, give status of included elements. If ELEM = P, graphical picking is enabled and all remaining command fields are ignored (valid only in the GUI). A component name may be substituted for ELEM.
Command Default
All elements are included.
Notes
The elements chosen by this command may have their p-levels increased throughout the solution iterations. This command is also valid in PREP7.
Menu Paths
Main Menu>Preprocessor>Loads>p-Method>Include Elems Main Menu>Solution>p-Method>Include Elems
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P Commands
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Prev /PICE Prev PINSUL P Commands
Next PINSUL Next
PINSUL
Name
PINSUL, DENS, ITK Defines the external insulation constants in a piping run. group: PREP7:Piping product: MP ME ST PR PP ED
DENS
Insulation density.
ITK
Insulation thickness.
Command Default
No insulation.
Notes
Defines the external insulation constants in a piping run. See the RUN command.
Menu Paths
Prev PINCLUDE Prev PIPE P Commands
Next PIPE Next
PIPE
P Commands
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Name
PIPE Specifies "Pipe modeling" as the subsequent status topic. group: PREP7:Status product: MP ME ST DY PR EM FL PP ED
Notes
Menu Paths
Utility Menu>List>Status>Preprocessor>Piping Module
Prev PINSUL Prev PIVCHECK P Commands
Next PIVCHECK Next
PIVCHECK
Name
PIVCHECK, KEY Prevents a batch mode, linear static analysis from stopping when a negative or zero equation solver pivot value is encountered. group: SOLUTION:Analysis Options product: MP ME ST PR EM PP ED
KEY
Determines whether to stop or continue an analysis when a negative or zero equation solver pivot value is encountered: ON -Default value. ANSYS checks for negative or zero pivot values on linear static analyses performed with the frontal, sparse and PCG solvers. When one is encountered, an error file://D:\Documents%20and%20Settings\Administrator\Local%20Settings\Temp\~hh... 20.05.2004
P Commands
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is issued, stopping the job. A negative pivot value may be valid for some Multiphysics analyses (e.g. EMAG or Thermal); this key has no effect in these cases. OFF -Pivots will not be checked. This key continues the analysis in spite of a zero or negative pivot value. The program will proceed until other error checking routines are encountered.
Command Default
ON, stop the analysis and report an error status to the user.
Notes
This command is valid only for linear static analyses. In a nonlinear analysis, a negative pivot may be valid. Normally, rigid body motions in a nonlinear analysis will be trapped by error routines checking infinitely large displacements (DOF limit exceeded) or non-convergence status. An under constrained model may avoid the pivot check, but fail with a DOF limit exceeded error. This command is applicable only to batch mode (not in the GUI). While in an ANSYS interactive session, it is generally desirable to remain in the session, even though a pivot error has occurrred. Warning messages will be displayed on the screen, allowing the user to take corrective action. Finally, machine precision will determine if a warning or an error is issued for the small pivot case. In all cases there will be some notification that the model needs to be checked closely for an accurate solution. This command is also valid in PREP7.
Menu Paths
Prev PIPE Prev PLCONV P Commands
Next PLCONV Next
PLCONV
Name
PLCONV, Item, Comp, NODE, Surf Plots the convergence curve for specified items from a pmethod solution.
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P Commands group: POST1:Results product: MP ME ST DY PR PP ED
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Item
Label identifying the convergence criterion to be plotted. (Valid component labels are described in PLCONV - Valid Item and Component Labels.) ALL -Simultaneously plot the convergence curve for all specified Item criteria versus p-level (default). Does not require a component label. SE -Plot strain energy curve or stored electrostatic energy curve, versus p-level. Does not require a component label. S -Plot stress curve versus p-level. Valid component labels are described in PLCONV Valid Item and Component Labels below. EPEL -Plot strain curve versus p-level. Valid component labels are described in PLCONV Valid Item and Component Labels below. U -Plot translational displacement curve versus p-level. Valid component labels are described in PLCONV - Valid Item and Component Labels below. ROT -Plot structural rotation versus p-level (valid only for SHELL150). VOLT -Plot electric potential curve versus p-level. Does not require a component label. EF -Plot electric field strength curve versus p-level. Valid component labels are described in PLCONV - Valid Item and Component Labels below. D -Plot electric flux density curve versus p-level. Valid component labels are described in PLCONV - Valid Item and Component Labels below.
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P Commands EFORC --
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Plot global electrostatic (Maxwell Stress Tensor) force curve versus p-level. Valid component labels are described in PLCONV - Valid Item and Component Labels below.
Comp
Component of the Item. Not required for Item = ALL, SE, VOLT, or EFORC. Valid Comp values (and associated Item values) are in PLCONV - Valid Item and Component Labels below. (Defaults to ALL: plot the convergence curve for all Item and Comp criteria simultaneously.)
NODE
Node number where convergence checking was performed. Valid only for Item = S, EPEL, U, ROT, VOLT, EF, or D. Defaults to all nodes having Item and Comp previously specified as convergence criteria [PCONV].
Surf
Surface of a p-element shell structure where the convergence curve for NODE will be plotted. Valid only for Item = S or EPEL. Defaults to all surfaces. TOP -Top surface (default). MID -Middle surface BOT -Bottom surface.
Command Default
Display all specified criteria simultaneously.
Notes
The previously specified convergence criterion [PCONV] is graphed versus the characteristic plevel. The characteristic p-level is the polynomial level range from the minimum defined [PPRANGE ] to the maximum p-level reached by any element in the model. The Item value corresponds to the convergence criterion indicated by PCONV. All Item values previously designated by the PCONV command will be plotted. PLCONV - Valid Item and Component Labels Item Comp ALL ALL SE Description All convergence criteria (default) Strain energy or stored electrostatic energy
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P Commands S X,Y,Z,XY,YZ,XZ 1,2,3 INT EQV X,Y,Z,XY,YZ,XZ 1,2,3 INT EQV X,Y,Z,SUM ALL X,Y,Z,SUM
Page 113 of 240 Component stress Principal stress Stress intensity Equivalent stress Component elastic strain Principal elastic strain Elastic strain intensity Elastic equivalent strain X, Y, or Z structural displacement or vector sum All applicable displacement items X, Y, or Z structural rotation or vector sum (valid only for SHELL150) Electric potential Electric field strength Electric flux density Global electrostatic (Maxwell Stress Tensor) force
" " " EPEL " " " U " ROT VOLT EF X,Y,Z,SUM D X,Y,Z,SUM EFORC X,Y,Z,SUM
Menu Paths
Main Menu>General Postproc>Plot Results>p-Convergence
Prev PIVCHECK Prev PLCPLX P Commands
Next PLCPLX Next
PLCPLX
Name
PLCPLX, KEY Specifies the part of a complex variable to display. group: POST26:Display product: MP ME ST DY PR EM PP ED
KEY
Complex variable part: 0 -Amplitude. 1 -file://D:\Documents%20and%20Settings\Administrator\Local%20Settings\Temp\~hh... 20.05.2004
P Commands Phase angle. 2 -Real part. 3 -Imaginary part.
Page 114 of 240
Notes
Used only with harmonic analyses (ANTYPE,HARMIC).
Menu Paths
Main Menu>TimeHist Postpro>Settings>Graph
Prev PLCONV Prev PLCRACK P Commands
Next PLCRACK Next
PLCRACK
Name
PLCRACK, LOC, NUM Displays cracking and crushing locations in SOLID65 elements. group: POST1:Special Purpose product: MP ME ST PP ED
LOC
Location at which symbols are to be displayed: 0 -Plot symbols at integration points (default). 1 -Plot symbol at element centroids (averaged).
NUM
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P Commands Crack to be displayed: 0 -Plot all cracks (default). 1 -Plot only the first crack. 2 -Plot only the second crack. 3 -Plot only the third crack.
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Notes
PLCRACK displays circles at locations of cracking or crushing in concrete elements. Cracking is shown with a circle outline in the plane of the crack, and crushing is shown with an octahedron outline. If the crack has opened and then closed, the circle outline will have an X through it. Each integration point can crack in up to three different planes. The first crack at an integration point is shown with a red circle outline, the second crack with a green outline, and the third crack with a blue outline. Symbols shown at the element centroid (LOC = 1) are based on the status of all of the element's integration points. If any integration point in the element has crushed, the crushed (octahedron) symbol is shown at the centroid. If any integration point has cracked or cracked and closed, the cracked symbol is shown at the element centroid. If at least five integration points have cracked and closed, the cracked and closed symbol is shown at the element centroid. Finally, if more than one integration point has cracked, the circle outline at the element centroid shows the average orientation of all cracked planes for that element. Portions of this command are not supported by PowerGraphics [/GRAPHICS,POWER].
Menu Paths
Main Menu>General Postproc>Plot Results>Crack/Crush
Prev PLCPLX Prev PLDISP P Commands
Next PLDISP Next
PLDISP
Name
P Commands PLDISP, KUND Displays the displaced structure. group: POST1:Results product: MP ME ST DY PR PP ED
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KUND
Undisplaced shape key: 0 -Display only displaced structure. 1 -Overlay displaced display with similar undisplaced display (appearance is systemdependent). 2 -Same as 1 except overlay with undisplaced edge display (appearance is systemdependent).
Notes
Displays the displaced structure for the selected elements. For information on true scale plots, refer to the description of the /DSCALEcommand [/DSCALE ,,1.0].
Menu Paths
Main Menu>General Postproc>Plot Results>Deformed Shape Utility Menu>PlotCtrls>Animate>Deformed Shape Utility Menu>Plot>Results>Deformed Shape
Prev PLCRACK Prev PLESOL P Commands
Next PLESOL Next
PLESOL
Name
P Commands
Page 117 of 240
PLESOL, Item, Comp, KUND, Fact Displays the solution results as discontinuous element contours. group: POST1:Results product: MP ME ST DY PR EM FL PP ED
Item
Label identifying the item. Valid item labels are shown in PLESOL - Valid Item and Component Labels below. Some items also require a component label.
Comp
Component of the item (if required). Valid component labels are shown in PLESOL - Valid Item and Component Labels below.
KUND
Undisplaced shape key: 0 -Do not overlay undeformed structure display 1 -Overlay displaced contour plot with undeformed display (appearance is systemdependent) 2 -Overlay displaced contour plot with undeformed edge display (appearance is systemdependent)
Fact
Scale factor for 2-D display of contact items (defaults to 1). A negative scaling factor may be used to invert the display.
Notes
Displays the solution results as element contours discontinuous across element boundaries for the selected elements. For example, PLESOL,S,X displays the X component of stress S (i.e., the SX stress component). Various element results depend on the calculation method and the selected results location (AVPRIN, RSYS, and ESEL). Contours are determined by linear interpolation within each element, unaffected by the surrounding elements (i.e., no nodal averaging is performed). The discontinuity between contours of adjacent elements is an indication of the gradient across elements. Component results are displayed in the active results coordinate system [RSYS] (default is the global Cartesian). See the ETABLE and PLETAB commands for displaying items not available through this command (such as line element results).
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P Commands
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For PowerGraphics displays [/GRAPHICS,POWER], results are plotted only for the model exterior surface. The items marked with [1] in PLESOL - Valid Item and Component Labels are not supported by PowerGraphics. PLESOL - Valid Item and Component Labels Item S " " " " " " EPEL " " " " EPPL Comp X, Y, Z, XY, YZ, XZ 1, 2, 3 INT EQV MAXF TWSI TWSR X, Y, Z, XY, YZ, XZ 1, 2, 3 INT EQV MAXF Description Valid item and component labels for element results are: Component stress. Principal stress. Stress intensity. Equivalent stress. Maximum Stress Failure Criteria. (Only works if FC command information is provided.) [1]. Tsai-Wu Strength Index Failure Criterion. (Only works if FC command information is provided.) [1]. Inverse of Tsai-Wu Strength Ratio Index Failure Criterion. (Only works if FC command information is provided.) [1]. Component elastic strain. Principal elastic strain. Elastic strain intensity. Elastic equivalent strain. Maximum Strain Failure Criteria. (Only works if FC command information is provided.) Component plastic strain. Principal plastic strain. Plastic strain intensity. Plastic equivalent strain. Component creep strain. Principal creep strain. Creep strain intensity. Creep equivalent strain. Component thermal strain. Principal thermal strain. Thermal strain intensity. Thermal equivalent strain. Swelling strain. Component total mechanical strain (EPEL + EPPL + EPCR). Principal total mechanical strain. Total mechanical strain intensity. Total mechanical equivalent strain.
X, Y, Z, XY, YZ, XZ " 1, 2, 3 " INT " EQV X, Y, Z, XY, EPCR YZ, XZ " 1, 2, 3 " INT " EQV X, Y, Z, XY, EPTH YZ, XZ " 1, 2, 3 " INT " EQV EPSW X, Y, Z, XY, EPTO YZ, XZ " 1, 2, 3 " INT " EQV
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P Commands X, Y, Z, XY, YZ, XZ " 1, 2, 3 " INT " EQV NL SEPL " SRAT " HPRES " EPEQ " PSV " PLWK SEND ELASTIC " PLASTIC " CREEP SVAR 1, 2, 3, ... N EPTT CONT STAT PENE PRES SFRIC STOT SLIDE GAP FLUX X, Y, Z, TG SUM X, Y, Z, TF SUM X, Y, Z, PG SUM X, Y, Z, EF SUM X, Y, Z, D SUM X, Y, Z, H SUM X, Y, Z, B SUM FMAG X, Y, Z, SUM X, Y, Z, P SUM SERR SDSG TERR TDSG " " " " " " "
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Total mechanical and thermal strain (EPEL + EPPL + EPCR + EPTH). Principal total mechanical and thermal strain. Total mechanical and thermal strain intensity. Total mechanical and thermal equivalent strain. Equivalent stress (from stress-strain curve). Stress state ratio. Hydrostatic pressure. Accumulated equivalent plastic strain. Plastic state variable. Plastic work/volume. Elastic strain energy density. Plastic strain energy density. Creep strain energy density. State variable. Contact status. 3 - closed and sticking, 2 - closed and sliding, 1 - open but near contact, 0 - open and not near contact. Contact penetration Contact pressure Contact friction stress Contact total stress (pressure plus friction) Contact sliding distance Contact gap distance Total heat flux at contact surface Component thermal gradient or vector sum. Component thermal flux or vector sum. Component pressure gradient or vector sum. Component electric field or vector sum. Component electric flux density or vector sum. Component magnetic field intensity or vector sum. Component magnetic flux density or vector sum. Component magnetic force or vector sum [1]. Pointing vector component or sum [1]. Structural error energy [1]. Absolute value of the maximum variation of any nodal stress component [1]. Thermal error energy [1]. Absolute value of the maximum variation of any nodal thermal gradient component [1]. 20.05.2004
P Commands F M HEAT FLOW AMPS FLUX VF CSG SENE TENE KENE JHEAT JS JT MRE VOLU CENT X, Y, Z BFE TEMP X, Y, Z X, Y, Z
Page 120 of 240 X, Y, or Z structural force [1]. X, Y, or Z structural moment [1]. Heat flow [1]. Fluid flow [1]. Current flow [1]. Magnetic flux [1]. X, Y, or Z fluid "force" component [1]. X, Y, or Z magnetic current segment component [1]. "Stiffness" energy or thermal heat dissipation. Same as TENE[1]. Thermal heat dissipation or "stiffness" energy. Same as SENE [1]. Kinetic energy [1]. Element Joule heat generation (coupled-field calculation) [ 1]. Source current density (coupled-field calculation) in the global Cartesian coordinate system 1]. Total current density components and vector sum [1]. Magnetic Reynolds number [1]. Volume of volume element [1]. Centroid X, Y, or Z location (based on shape function) in the active coordinate system [1]. Body temperatures (calculated from applied temperatures) as used in solution (area and volume elements only). Element summable miscellaneous data value at sequence number snum (shown in the Output Data section of each element description found in Chapter 4 of the ANSYS Elements Reference). Element non-summable miscellaneous data value at sequence number snum (shown in the Output Data section of each element description found in Chapter 4 of the ANSYS Elements Reference). Densities used for topological optimization. This applies to the following types of elements: PLANE2, PLANE82, SOLID92, SHELL93, SOLID95.
X, Y, Z X, Y, Z
X, Y, Z, SUM X, Y, Z, SUM
SMISC snum
NMISC snum TOPO
1. Not supported by PowerGraphics
Menu Paths
Main Menu>General Postproc>Plot Results>Element Solu Utility Menu>Plot>Results>Contour Plot>Elem Solution
Prev PLDISP Prev PLETAB P Commands
Next PLETAB Next
PLETAB
P Commands
Page 121 of 240
Name
PLETAB, Itlab, Avglab Displays element table items. group: POST1:Element Table product: MP ME ST DY PR EM FL PP ED
Itlab
User-defined label, as specified with the ETABLE command, of item to be displayed.

Avglab
Averaging operation: NOAV -Do not average element items at common nodes (default). AVG -Average the element items at common nodes.
Notes
Displays items stored in the table defined with the ETABLE command for the selected elements. For display purposes, items are assumed to be constant over the element and assigned to each of its nodes. Contour display lines (lines of constant value) are determined by linear interpolation within each element from the nodal values. These nodal values have the option of being averaged (values are averaged at a node whenever two or more elements connect to the same node) or not averaged (discontinuous). The discontinuity between contour lines of adjacent elements is an indication of the gradient across elements. Portions of this command are not supported by PowerGraphics [/GRAPHICS,POWER].
Menu Paths
Main Menu>General Postproc>Element Table>Plot Elem Table Main Menu>General Postproc>Plot Results>Elem Table Utility Menu>Plot>Results>Contour Plot>Elem Table Data
Prev PLESOL Prev PLF2D P Commands
Next PLF2D Next
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P Commands
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PLF2D
Name
PLF2D, NCONT, OLAY, ANUM, WIN Generates a contour line plot of equipotentials. group: POST1:Magnetics Calculations product: MP ME ST EM PP ED
NCONT
Number of contour lines to display. Issue in multiples of 9 (i.e., 9, 18, 27, etc.). Default is 27 contour lines.
OLAY
Overlay: 0 -Overlay edge outlines by material number. 1 -Overlay edge outlines by real constant number.
ANUM
Highest material or real constant attribute number. Command will cycle through ANUM element display overlays. Defaults to 10.
WIN
Window number to which command applies. Defaults to 1.
Notes
PLF2D invokes an ANSYS macro which plots equipotentials of the degree of freedom AZ. These equipotential lines are parallel to flux lines and thus give a good representation of flux patterns. In the axisymmetric case, the display is actually r*AZ where "r" is the node radius. The macro overlays (OLAY) edge outlines by material number or real constant number ( ANUM) and allows user control over the number of contour lines to display ( NCONT).
Menu Paths
Main Menu>General Postproc>Plot Results>2D Flux Lines Utility Menu>Plot>Results>Flux Lines
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Prev PLETAB Prev PLHFFAR P Commands
Next PLHFFAR Next
PLHFFAR
Name
PLHFFAR , Opt, Lab, PHI1, PHI2, NPHI, THETA1, THETA2, NTHETA, RADIUS, CS, Comp Displays electromagnetic far fields far field parameters. group: POST1:Special Purpose product: MP EH PP ED
Opt
Display option: FIELD -Electromagnetic far field. RCS -Radar cross section. RCSN -Normalized radar cross section. PATT -Antenna radiation pattern. DGAIN -Antenna directive gain.
Lab
As shown below, data entered in the Lab field will vary, depending on the display option (Opt). Valid Lab Data Labels
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Opt Lab
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EF -- Electric field (default) FIELD H -- Magnetic field NONE -- Radar echo area (default) PP -- Phi-Phi polarization RCS and RCSN PT -- Phi-Theta polarization TP -- Theta-Phi polarization TT -- Theta-Theta polarization RECT -- Cartesian coordinate system plot (default) PATT POLAR -- Polar coordinate system plot RECT -- Cartesian coordinate system plot (default) DGAIN POLAR -- Polar coordinate system plot
PHI1, PHI2
Starting and ending

NPHI
Number of divisions between the starting and ending to 0.

THETA1, THETA2
angles for data computations. Defaults
Starting and ending

NTHETA
Number of divisions between the starting and ending to 0. The following arguments are used only with Opt = FIELD.
RADIUS
Radius for far field. Defaults to 1.

CS
Coordinate system type: 0 -Cartesian (default).
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P Commands 2 -Spherical.
Comp
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Coordinate system component: SUM -Magnitude of electromagnetic field (default). X -X-component (CS = 0) or radial component (CS = 2). Y -Y-component (CS = 0) or Z -Z-component (CS = 0) or component (CS = 2). component (CS = 2).
Notes
PLHFFAR displays electromagnetic far field and far field parameters as determined by the equivalent source principle. Use this command to display far electromagnetic field, radar cross section, antenna radiation pattern, or antenna directive gain.
Menu Paths
Main Menu>General Postproc>Plot Results>Direct Gain Main Menu>General Postproc>Plot Results>Pattern Main Menu>General Postproc>Plot Results>Far Field Main Menu>General Postproc>Plot Results>RCS Normalized Main Menu>General Postproc>Plot Results>RCS
Next 20.05.2004
P Commands PLF2D Prev PLLS P Commands
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PLLS
Name
PLLS, LabI, LabJ, Fact, KUND Displays element table items as contoured areas along elements. group: POST1:Element Table product: MP ME ST DY PR PP ED
LabI
Label of element table item [ETABLE] for node I magnitude.

LabJ
Label of element table item for node J magnitude.

Fact
Scale factor for display (defaults to 1). A negative scaling factor may be used to invert the display.
KUND
Undisplaced shape key: 0 -Do not overlay undeformed structure display 1 -Overlay displaced contour plot with undeformed display (appearance is systemdependent) 2 -Overlay displaced contour plot with undeformed edge display (appearance is systemdependent)
Notes
Displays selected items (e.g., shears and moments) as a contoured area (trapezoid) display along line file://D:\Documents%20and%20Settings\Administrator\Local%20Settings\Temp\~hh... 20.05.2004
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elements and 2-D axisymmetric shell elements (e.g., shear and moment diagrams). Three sides of the trapezoid are formed by the element (one side) and lines at nodes I and J of length proportional to the item magnitude and displayed normal to the element and the viewing direction (the two parallel sides). Portions of this command are not supported by PowerGraphics [/GRAPHICS,POWER].
Menu Paths
Main Menu>General Postproc>Plot Results>Line Elem Res
Prev PLHFFAR Prev PLNSOL P Commands
Next PLNSOL Next
PLNSOL
Name
PLNSOL, Item, Comp, KUND, Fact Displays results as continuous contours. group: POST1:Results product: MP ME ST DY PR EM FL PP ED
Item
Label identifying the item. Valid item labels are shown in PLNSOL - Valid Item and Component Labels below. Some items also require a component label.
Comp
Component of the item (if required). Valid component labels are shown in PLNSOL - Valid Item and Component Labels below.
KUND
Undisplaced shape key: 0 -Do not overlay undeformed structure display 1 -Overlay displaced contour plot with undeformed display (appearance is systemfile://D:\Documents%20and%20Settings\Administrator\Local%20Settings\Temp\~hh... 20.05.2004
P Commands dependent) 2 --
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Overlay displaced contour plot with undeformed edge display (appearance is systemdependent)
Fact
Scale factor for 2D display for contact items. Default value is 1. A negative scaling factor may be used to invert the display.
Notes
Displays the solution results as continuous contours across element boundaries for the selected nodes and elements. For example, PLNSOL,S,X displays the X component of stress S (that is, the SX stress component). Various element results depend upon the recalculation method and the selected results location [AVPRIN, RSYS, LAYER, SHELL, and NSEL]. Contours are determined by linear interpolation within each element from the nodal values, which are averaged at a node whenever two or more elements connect to the same node (except for FMAG, which is summed at the node). For PowerGraphics displays [/GRAPHICS,POWER], results are plotted only for the model exterior surface. The items marked with [1] are not supported by PowerGraphics. PLNSOL - Valid Item and Component Labels Item U ROT TEMP PRES VOLT MAG V A ENKE ENDS SP0 n WARP S " " " " Comp Description Valid item and component labels for nodal degree of freedom results are: X, Y, Z, SUM X, Y, or Z structural displacement or vector sum. X, Y, Z, SUM X, Y, or Z structural rotation or vector sum. Temperature. Pressure. Electric potential. Magnetic scalar potential. X, Y, Z, SUM X, Y, or Z fluid velocity or vector sum [2]. X, Y, Z, SUM X, Y, or Z magnetic vector potential or vector sum [2]. Turbulent kinetic energy (FLOTRAN). Turbulent energy dissipation (FLOTRAN). Mass fraction of species n, where n = 1 to 6 (FLOTRAN). If a species is given a user-defined name [MSSPEC], use that name instead of n. Warping. Valid item and component labels for element results are: X, Y, Z, XY, Component stress. YZ, XZ 1, 2, 3 Principal stress. INT Stress intensity. EQV Equivalent stress. Maximum Stress Failure Criteria. (Only works if FC command information MAXF is provided.) [1]. Tsai-Wu Strength Index Failure Criterion. (Only works if FC command 20.05.2004
P Commands " " EPEL " " " " EPTH TWSI TWSR X, Y, Z, XY, YZ, XZ 1, 2, 3 INT EQV MAXF
Page 129 of 240 information is provided.) [1]. Inverse of Tsai-Wu Strength Ratio Index Failure Criterion. (Only works if FC command information is provided.) [1]. Component elastic strain. Principal elastic strain. Elastic strain intensity. Elastic equivalent strain. Maximum Strain Failure Criteria. (Only works if FC command information is provided.) Component thermal strain. Principal thermal strain. Thermal strain intensity. Thermal equivalent strain. Component plastic strain. Principal plastic strain. Plastic strain intensity. Plastic equivalent strain. Component creep strain. Principal creep strain. Creep strain intensity. Creep equivalent strain. Swelling strain. Component total mechanical strain (EPEL + EPPL + EPCR). Principal total mechanical strain. Total mechanical strain intensity. Total mechanical equivalent strain. Component total mechanical and thermal strain (EPEL + EPPL + EPCR + EPTH). Principal total mechanical and thermal strain. Total mechanical and thermal strain intensity. Total mechanical and thermal equivalent strain. Equivalent stress (from stress-strain curve). Stress state ratio. Hydrostatic pressure. Accumulated equivalent plastic strain. Plastic state variable. Plastic work/volume. Elastic strain energy density. Plastic strain energy density. Creep strain energy density. State variable.
X, Y, Z, XY, YZ, XZ " 1, 2, 3 " INT " EQV X, Y, Z, XY, EPPL YZ, XZ " 1, 2, 3 " INT " EQV EPCR X, Y, Z, XY, YZ, XZ " 1, 2, 3 " INT " EQV EPSW X, Y, Z, XY, EPTO YZ, XZ " 1, 2, 3 " INT " EQV EPTT X, Y, Z, XY, YZ, XZ " 1, 2, 3 " INT " EQV NL SEPL " SRAT " HPRES " EPEQ " PSV " PLWK SEND ELASTIC " PLASTIC " CREEP SVAR 1, 2, 3, ... N
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For contact results PowerGraphics is applicable for 3D models only. Contact status. 3-closed and sticking, 2-closed and sliding, 1-open but near CONT STAT contact, 0-open and not near contact. " PENE Contact penetration. " PRES Contact pressure. " SFRIC Contact friction stress. " STOT Contact total stress (pressure plus friction). " SLIDE Contact sliding distance. " GAP Contact gap distance. " FLUX Total heat flux at contact surface. TG X, Y, Z, SUM Component thermal gradient or vector sum. TF X, Y, Z, SUM Component thermal flux or vector sum. PG X, Y, Z, SUM Component pressure gradient or vector sum. EF X, Y, Z, SUM Component electric field or vector sum. D X, Y, Z, SUM Component electric flux density or vector sum. H X, Y, Z, SUM Component magnetic field intensity or vector sum. B X, Y, Z, SUM Component magnetic flux density or vector sum. FMAG X, Y, Z, SUM Component magnetic force or vector sum [1]. Body temperatures (calculated from applied temperatures) as used in BFE TEMP solution (area and volume elements only). Densities used for topological optimization. This applies to nodes attached TOPO to the following types of elements: PLANE2, PLANE82, SOLID92, SHELL93, SOLID95. Valid item labels for FLOTRAN nodal results are: TTOT Total temperature. HFLU Heat flux. HFLM Heat transfer (film) coefficient. COND Fluid laminar conductivity. PCOE Pressure coefficient. PTOT Total (stagnation) pressure. MACH Mach number. STRM Stream function. (2-D applications only.) DENS Fluid density. VISC Fluid laminar viscosity. SPHT Specific heat [1]. EVIS Fluid effective viscosity. CMUV Turbulent viscosity coefficient. ECON Fluid effective conductivity. YPLU Y+, a turbulent law of the wall parameter. TAUW Shear stress at the wall. SFTS Surface tension coefficient. LMDn Laminar mass diffusion coefficient for species n, where n = 1 to 6. EMDn Effective mass diffusion coefficient for species n, where n = 1 to 6. RDFL Radiation heat flux [1].
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2. For explicit dynamics analyses, V (X, Y, Z) refers to nodal velocity, and A (X, Y, Z) refers to nodal acceleration.
Menu Paths
Main Menu>Drop Test>Animate Results Utility Menu>PlotCtrls>Animate>Animate Over Time Utility Menu>PlotCtrls>Animate>Time-harmonic Main Menu>General Postproc>Plot Results>Nodal Solu Utility Menu>PlotCtrls>Animate>Deformed Results Utility Menu>PlotCtrls>Animate>Dynamic Results Utility Menu>PlotCtrls>Animate>Isosurfaces Utility Menu>PlotCtrls>Animate>Mode Shape Utility Menu>PlotCtrls>Animate>Q-Slice Contours Utility Menu>Plot>Results>Contour Plot>Nodal Solution
Prev PLLS Prev /PLOPTS P Commands
Next /PLOPTS Next
/PLOPTS
Name
/PLOPTS , Label, KEY Controls graphics options on subsequent displays. group: GRAPHICS:Labeling product: MP ME ST DY PR EM FL PP ED
Label
Apply display items as selected from the following labels: INFO -Controls the display of the legend (ON or OFF) and allows the choice of preset or Multilegend placement. Control is provided by the KEY values. (defaults to KEY=3) LEG1 -Header portion of legend column (defaults to ON). file://D:\Documents%20and%20Settings\Administrator\Local%20Settings\Temp\~hh... 20.05.2004
P Commands LEG2 --
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View portion of legend column (defaults to ON (except off with contour displays)). LEG3 -View the contour section of the legend column (defaults to ON). FRAME -Frame border lines around windows (defaults to ON). TITLE -Title (bottom left text) (defaults to ON). MINM -Min-Max symbols on contour displays (defaults to ON). LOGO -ANSYS logo (defaults to OFF (displayed as text at top of legend column)). If KEY = ON, the text is removed from legend column but the logo symbol is displayed in whichever active window is either in the uppermost right corner and on top, or if there is no window in that location, then in the window to the furthest right of the screen. Version information remains in the legend column. WINS -Controls whether graphics windows automatically stretch or shrink to adjust to screen size as the legend column is turned off or on [/PLOPTS ,INFO] (defaults to ON). If WINS is on and the legend column is changed from off to on, all windows are shrunk regardless of what their correct size is. WP -Working plane (defaults to OFF). The working plane is drawn as part of the display (not just an overlaid image as in WPSTYL). This option is best used in combination with a hidden-line technique [/TYPE]. DATE -Controls the display of the date and time in your legend. Subsequent KEY values control the display as follows: Off or 0 - No date or time displays are included in your legend. 1 - Only the date is shown. 2 (default) - both the date and time are shown.
KEY
Switch:
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P Commands OFF or 0 --
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Do not apply this display item. For Label = DATE, no time or date are displayed. ON or 1 -Apply this display item. For Label = DATE, show only the date. AUTO or 2 -For Label = INFO, initiate Auto-legend mode. If the display has contours, the legend is ON; if the display has no contours, the legend is OFF. For Label = DATE, display both the date and time. 3 -For Label = INFO , switch to Multi-legend mode. See the /UDOC command for the available legend configurations.
Command Default
See individual label defaults. The Multi-legend mode (/PLOPTS ,INFO,3) is the default for contour legend displays.
Notes
Use /PLOPTS ,STAT to display settings. Use /PLOPTS ,DEFA to reset all specifications back to their defaults. When you perform multiple results displays, contours on the legend column may be truncated. To avoid this, specify /PLOPTS ,LEG1,0. The Multi-legend mode provides a number of legend data item priority and placement options. These options are accessed via the GUI at Utility Menu>PlotCtrls>Window Controls>Window Options. The /UDOC command provides command line options for this capabiltiy. This command is valid in any processor.
Menu Paths
Utility Menu>PlotCtrls>Window Controls>Reset Window Options Utility Menu>PlotCtrls>Window Controls>Window Options
Prev PLNSOL Prev PLOT P Commands
Next PLOT Next
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PLOT
Name
PLOT , NSTRT, NEND, NINC Forms a display. group: DISPLAY:Action product: MP ME ST DY PR EM FL PP ED
NSTRT,NEND, NINC
Display plots sequentially from number NSTRT to NEND in steps of NINC. NSTRT defaults to the next plot. NEND defaults to NSTRT. NINC defaults to 1. If NSTRT = ALL, display all plots from the beginning of the file. If NEND = ALL, display to the end of the file.
Notes
Output will be to the terminal or to a file, depending on the driver [/SHOWDISP]. The INTERLEAF and DUMP drivers produce an output file for each plot named INTL nn and DUMPnn, with nn sequentially ranging from 00 to 99. A blank line after the PLOT command causes the next plot to be formed.
Menu Paths
Prev /PLOPTS Prev PLOTTING P Commands
Next PLOTTING Next
PLOTTING
Name
PLOTTING Specifies "Plotting settings" as the subsequent status topic. group: POST26:Status product: MP ME ST DY PR EM FL PP ED
Notes
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Menu Paths
Utility Menu>List>Status>TimeHist Postproc>Plot
Prev PLOT Prev PLPAGM P Commands
Next PLPAGM Next
PLPAGM
Name
PLPAGM, Item, Gscale, Nopt Displays path items along the path geometry. group: POST1:Path Operations product: MP ME ST DY PR EM FL PP ED
Item
The path data item to be displayed on the currently active path (defined by the PATH command). Valid path items are those defined with the PDEF or HFNEAR commands.
Gscale
Scale factor for the offset from the path for the path data item displays. Defaults to 1.0.
Nopt
Determines how data is displayed: (blank) -Do not display nodes, and scale the display based on the currently selected node set (default). NODE -Display path item data along with the currently selected set of nodes. The display file://D:\Documents%20and%20Settings\Administrator\Local%20Settings\Temp\~hh... 20.05.2004
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Notes
You can use the Gscale argument to scale the contour display offset from the path for clarity. You need to type all six characters to issue this command.
Menu Paths
Main Menu>General Postproc>Path Operations>On Geometry Main Menu>General Postproc>Plot Results>On Geometry
Prev PLOTTING Prev PLPATH P Commands
Next PLPATH Next
PLPATH
Name
PLPATH, Lab1, Lab2, Lab3, Lab4, Lab5, Lab6 Displays path items on a graph. group: POST1:Path Operations product: MP ME ST DY PR EM FL PP ED
Lab1, Lab2, Lab3, Lab4, Lab5, Lab6
Labels identifying the path items to be displayed. Up to six items may be drawn per frame. Predefined path geometry items XG, YG, ZG, and S [PDEF] may also be displayed.
Notes
The path must have been defined by the PATH and PPATH commands. Path items and their labels must have been defined with the PDEF, HFNEAR, PVECT, PCALC, PDOT , and PCROSS commands. Path items may also be printed with the PRPATH command. Graph scaling may be controlled with the /XRANGE, /YRANGE, and PRANGE commands. You need to type all six characters to issue this command.
Menu Paths
Main Menu>General Postproc>Path Operations>On Graph
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P Commands Main Menu>General Postproc>Plot Results>On Graph Utility Menu>Plot>Results>Path Plot
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Prev PLPAGM Prev PLSECT P Commands
Next PLSECT Next
PLSECT
Name
PLSECT, Item, Comp, RHO, KBR Displays membrane and membrane-plus-bending linearized stresses. group: POST1:Path Operations product: MP ME ST DY PR PP ED
Item
Label identifying the item to be processed. Valid item labels are shown in PLSECT - Valid Item and Component Labels below. Items also require a component label.
Comp
Component of the item. Valid component labels are shown in PLSECT - Valid Item and Component Labels below.
RHO
In-plane (X-Y) average radius of curvature of the inside and outside surfaces of an axisymmetric section. If zero (or blank), a plane or 3-D structure is assumed. If nonzero, an axisymmetric structure is assumed. Use a very large number (or -1) for an axisymmetric straight section.
KBR
Through-thickness bending stresses key for an axisymmetric analysis ( RHO 0 -Include the thickness-direction bending stresses. 1 -Ignore the thickness-direction bending stresses.
0):
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Notes
Calculates and displays the membrane and membrane-plus-bending linearized stresses (as described for the PRSECT command) along a path section [ PATH] as a graph. The path section is defined by two points specified with the PPATH command. For linearized stress calculations, the path must be defined with nodes. The total stress (equivalent to the PLPATH display) is also displayed. This command always uses 48 divisions along the path, regardless of the number of divisions defined by PATH. Portions of this command are not supported by PowerGraphics [/GRAPHICS,POWER]. PLSECT - Valid Item and Component Labels Item Comp Description Valid item and component labels for element results are: S X,Y,Z,XY,YZ,XZ Component stress. " 1,2,3 Principal stress. " INT,EQV Stress intensity or equivalent stress.
Menu Paths
Main Menu>General Postproc>Path Operations>Linearized Strs Main Menu>General Postproc>Plot Results>Lineariz Strs
Prev PLPATH Prev PLTIME P Commands
Next PLTIME Next
PLTIME
Name
PLTIME, TMIN, TMAX Defines the time range for which data are to be displayed. group: POST26:Display product: MP ME ST DY PR EM FL PP ED
TMIN
Minimum time (defaults to the first point stored).

TMAX
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Command Default
Use the previously defined range [TIMERANGE].
Notes
Defines the time (or frequency) range (within the range stored) for which data are to be displayed. Time is always displayed in the Z-axis direction for 3-D graph displays. If XVAR = 1, time is also displayed in the X-axis direction and this control also sets the abscissa scale range.
Menu Paths
Prev PLSECT Prev PLTRAC P Commands
Next PLTRAC Next
PLTRAC
Name
PLTRAC, Analopt, Item, Comp, TRPNum, Name, MXLOOP, TOLER, OPTION Displays a particle flow or charged particle trace on an element display. group: POST1:Trace Points product: MP ME ST DY EM FL PP ED
Analopt
Analysis option FLUID -Particle trace in fluid flow (default) ELEC -Particle trace in electric field MAGN --
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P Commands Particle trace in magnetic field

Item
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Label identifying the item to be contoured. Valid item labels are shown in PLTRAC - Valid Item and Component Labels below. Some items also require a component label. If Item is blank, display only the path trajectory.
Comp
Component of the item (if required). Valid component labels are shown in PLTRAC - Valid Item and Component Labels below.
TRPNum
Trace point number for storing trajectory data for use with PATH logic. Defaults to 0 (no trajectory path data is stored for further processing with PATH logic).
Name
Name of prefix of array variable. Defaults to TRAC. NamePOIN stores trajectory path points for trace point number TRPNum. If Analopt = ELEC or MAGN, two additional array parameters, NameDATA and NameLABL, store trajectory path data and labels for the same TRPNum.
MXLOOP
Maximum number of loops traced by a particle. Defaults to 25 for Opt = FLUID; otherwise, defaults to 1000.
TOLER
Length tolerance used for particle trajectory geometry calculation. Valid only for Analopt = ELEC or MAGN. If particle trace appears to terminate inside an element, adjusting the length tolerance may be necessary. Defaults to 1.0x10-8.
OPTION
Flow trace option: 0 -Use the undeformed mesh for computing the flow trace. 1 -Use the deformed mesh for computing the flow trace.
Notes
For a specified item, the variation of the item is displayed along the particle trace as a colorcontoured ribbon. The TRPOIN command must be used to define a point on the trajectory path. Multiple traces may be displayed simultaneously by defining multiple trace points. Issue the
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TRPLIS command to list the current tracing points. Issue the TRPDEL command to delete tracing points defined earlier. Use the PAPUT command with the POIN option to retrieve the particle trajectory points as path points. Three array parameters are created at the time of the particle trace: TRACPOIN, TRACDATA and TRACLABL. These array parameters can be used to put the particle velocity and the elapsed time into path form. The procedure to put the arrays into a path named PATHNAME is as follows:
*get,npts,PARM,TRACPOIN,DIM,x PATH,PATHNAME,npts,9,1 PAPUT,TRACPOIN,POINTS PAPUT,TRACDATA,TABLES PAPUT,TRACLABL,LABELS PRPATH,S,T_TRACE,VX_TRACE,VY_TRACE,VZ_TRACE,VS_TRACE
Not used if Analopt = FLUID. If working in the GUI, use the "All information" option to retrieve information from all three arrays at once. If OPTION is set to 1, the deformed mesh is based on the displacement degrees of freedom UX, UY, and UZ, which must be available in the load step. PLTRAC - Valid Item and Component Labels Item Comp Description Valid item and component labels for nodal degree of freedom results are: TEMP Temperature. PRES Pressure. V X,Y,Z,SUM X, Y, or Z fluid velocity or vector sum. ENKE Turbulent kinetic energy. ENDS Turbulent energy dissipation. Valid item and component labels for FLOTRAN nodal results are: TTOT Total temperature. COND Fluid laminar conductivity. PCOE Pressure coefficient. PTOT Total (stagnation) pressure. MACH Mach number. STRM Stream function. (2-D applications only.) DENS Fluid density. VISC Fluid laminar viscosity. SPHT Specific heat. EVIS Fluid effective viscosity. CMUV Turbulent viscosity coefficient. ECON Fluid effective conductivity. Valid item labels for Analopt = ELEC nodal results are: VOLT Electric potential. Valid item labels for Analopt = MAGN nodal results are: None Color contour displayed. See Chapters 5 and 12 of the ANSYS Basic Analysis Guide for more information on particle flow and
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charged particle traces. See Animation in the ANSYS Basic Analysis Guide for information on particle trace animation.
Menu Paths
Main Menu>General Postproc>Plot Results>Particle Trace Main Menu>General Postproc>Plot Results>Plot Flow Tra Utility Menu>PlotCtrls>Animate>Particle Flow Utility Menu>Plot>Results>Flow Trace
Prev PLTIME Prev PLVAR P Commands
Next PLVAR Next
PLVAR
Name
PLVAR, NVAR1, NVAR2, NVAR3, NVAR4, NVAR5, NVAR6, NVAR7, NVAR8, NVAR9, NVAR10 Displays up to ten variables in the form of a graph. group: POST26:Display product: MP ME ST DY PR EM FL PP ED
NVAR1, NVAR2, NVAR3, NVAR4, NVAR5, NVAR6, NVAR7, NVAR8, NVAR9, NVAR10
Variables to be displayed, defined either by the reference number or a unique thirty-two character name.
Notes
Variables are displayed vs. variable N on the XVAR command. The string value will be a predefined, unique name. For complex variables, the amplitude is displayed by default [PLCPLX]. Each PLVAR command produces a new frame. See the /GRTYP command for displaying multiple variables in a single frame with separate Y-axes.
Menu Paths
Main Menu>TimeHist Postpro>Graph Variables
Prev
Next
20.05.2004
P Commands PLTRAC Prev PLVAROPT P Commands
Page 143 of 240 PLVAROPT Next
PLVAROPT
Name
PLVAROPT, Lab1, Lab2, Lab3, Lab4, Lab5, Lab6, Lab7, Lab8, Lab9, Lab10 Displays up to ten parameters in the form of a graph. group: OPTIMIZATION:Display product: MP ME ST DY PR EM FL PP ED
Names of the parameters to be displayed on this frame.
Command Default
No display.
Notes
Displays up to ten parameters in the form of a graph. Parameters are displayed vs. Lab on the XVAROPT command (defaults to set number) in the order corresponding to an ascending order of the XVAROPT parameter. See the /GRTYP command for displaying multiple parameters in a single frame with separate Y-axes. Each PLVAROPT command produces a new frame.
Menu Paths
Main Menu>Design Opt>Graphs/Tables
Prev PLVAR Prev PLVECT P Commands
Next PLVECT Next
PLVECT
Name
P Commands PLVECT, Item, Lab2, Lab3, LabP, Mode, Loc, Edge Displays results as vectors. group: POST1:Results POST1:Element Table product: MP ME ST DY PR EM FL PP ED
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Item
Predefined vector item (from PLVECT - Valid Item Labels below) or a label identifying the i component of a user-defined vector.
Lab2
Label identifying the j-component of a user-defined vector. Must be blank if Item is selected from list below.
Lab3
Label identifying the k-component of a user-defined vector. Must be blank if Item is selected from list below or for 2-D user defined vector.
LabP
Label assigned to resultant vector for display labeling (defaults to Item).

Mode
Vector or raster mode overide key: (blank) -Use the setting of KEY on the /DEVICE command. RAST -Use raster mode for PLVECT displays. VECT -Use vector mode for PLVECT displays.
Loc
Vector location for display of field element results: ELEM -Display at element centroid (default). NODE -Display at element nodes.
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Edge
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Edge display override key: (blank) -Use the setting of Key on the /EDGE command. OFF -Deactivate the edge display. ON -Activate the edge display.
Notes
Displays various solution results as vectors (arrows) for the selected nodes and/or elements. For example, PLVECT,U displays the displacement vector for all selected nodes. For section displays [/TYPE], the vectors are shown only on the section face (i.e., cutting plane). The PLVECT display of principal strains and stresses (Item = S, EPTO, EPEL, EPPL, EPCR, or EPTH) on a "cut" of the model (/TYPE,,1 ,5,7,8, or 9) is not supported. The resulting plot displays the vectors on all selected elements, not on just the sliced surface. See the /VSCALE command to scale vector lengths. Vector magnitudes may be shown as a contour display with the PLNSOL command. Various results also depend upon the recalculation method and the selected results location [LAYER, SHELL , and NSEL]. Items may be selected from a set of recognized vector labels ( Item) or a vector may be defined from up to three scalar labels (Item,Lab2,Lab3). Scalar labels may be user-defined with the ETABLE command. The vectors appear on an element display as arrows showing the relative magnitude of the vector and its direction. The predefined items will be shown either at the node or at the element centroid, depending on what item is being displayed and depending on the Loc setting. User defined ETABLE items will be shown at the element centroid, regardless of the Loc setting. Stress vectors appear as arrows at the element centroid, with the arrowheads pointing away from each other for tension and toward each other for compression. When vector mode is active ( Mode = VECT), use the Z-buffered display type [/TYPE,,6] to maximize speed of PLVECT plots (other hidden display types may make plotting slow). For PowerGraphics [/GRAPHICS,POWER], the items marked with [1] are not supported by PowerGraphics. PLVECT - Valid Item Labels Item U ROT V A S Description Valid item labels for nodal degree of freedom vector results are: Structural displacement vector. Structural rotation vector. Velocity vector. Magnetic vector potential vector. Valid item labels for structural element results are: Principal stresses[1].
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P Commands EPTO EPEL EPPL EPCR EPTH
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Principal total strain (EPEL + EPPL + EPCR)[1]. Principal elastic strains[1]. Principal plastic strains[1]. Principal creep strains[1]. Principal thermal strains[1]. Valid item labels for field element results are: TG Thermal gradient vector. TF Thermal flux vector. PG Pressure gradient vector. EF Electric field vector. D Electric flux density vector. Magnetic field intensity vector. If Lab2 is blank, then Item is interpreted as one of the H predefined labels. Otherwise, Item is interpreted as a user-defined ET label and ANSYS will request a non-blank Lab2/Lab3 according to the dimension of the problem. B Magnetic flux density vector. FMAG Magnetic force vector. P Poynting vector. JS Source current density (coupled-field calculation) in the global Cartesian coordinate system. JT Total current density. 1. Not supported by PowerGraphics
Menu Paths
Main Menu>General Postproc>Plot Results>Predefined Main Menu>General Postproc>Plot Results>User-defined Utility Menu>PlotCtrls>Animate>Q-Slice Vectors Utility Menu>Plot>Results>Vector Plot
Prev PLVAROPT Prev PLVFRC P Commands
Next PLVFRC Next
PLVFRC
Name
PLVFRC, CONT Displays volume fractions in a volume of fluid (VOF) analysis. group: PREP7:FLOTRAN Miscellaneous product: MP FL PP ED
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CONT
Contour setting: 0 -Smooth plot with contour levels at 0.5 and1.0 (default). 1 -Smooth plot with current settings of contour levels.
Notes
The PLVFRC command macro places the volume fraction results into an element table and then plots the element table data (i.e., ETABLE,VFRC,NMISC,1 and then PLETAB,VFRC,1). If CONT = 0 (default), the command macro issues the /CVAL,ALL,0.5,1.0 command before the ETABLE command. This means PLETAB uses contour levels of 0.5 and 1.0 to indicate the free surface and fluid regions. If CONT = 1, PLETAB uses the current contour settings.
Menu Paths
Main Menu>Drop Test>Animate Results Main Menu>General Postproc>Plot Results>Element Solu Utility Menu>PlotCtrls>Animate>Animate Over Time Utility Menu>PlotCtrls>Animate>Time-harmonic Utility Menu>Plot>Results>Contour Plot>Elem Solution
Prev PLVECT Prev PLWAVE P Commands
Next PLWAVE Next
PLWAVE
Name
PLWAVE, Ex, Ey, Ez, AngX, AngZ Specifies a free-space time-harmonic incident plane electromagnetic wave. group: SOLUTION:Misc Loads product: MP EH PP ED
P Commands
Ex
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Electric field amplitude in x direction.

Ey
Electric field amplitude in y direction.

Ez
Electric field amplitude in z direction.

AngX
Angle between incident wave vector and X-axis (Phi).

AngZ
Angle between incident wave vector and Z-axis (Theta).
Notes
Defines an incident plane wave for the entire solution domain.
Menu Paths
Main Menu>Preprocessor>Loads>Apply>Excitation>Define Wave Main Menu>Preprocessor>Loads>Apply>Excitation>Wave Status Main Menu>Solution>Apply>Excitation>Define Wave Main Menu>Solution>Apply>Excitation>Wave Status
Prev PLVFRC Prev /PMACRO P Commands
Next /PMACRO Next
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/PMACRO
Name
/PMACRO Specifies that macro contents be written to the session log file. group: APDL:Macro Files product: MP ME ST DY PR EM FL PP ED
Notes
This command forces the contents of a macro or other input file to be written to Jobname.LOG. It is valid only within a macro or input file, and should be placed at the top of the file. /PMACRO should be included in any macro or input file that calls GUI functions.
Menu Paths
Prev PLWAVE Prev PMAP P Commands
Next PMAP Next
PMAP
Name
PMAP, FORM, DISCON Creates mapping of the path geometry by defining path interpolation division points. group: POST1:Path Operations product: MP ME ST DY PR EM FL PP ED
FORM
Defines the mapping method: UNIFORM -Maps uniform divisions (specified on the nDiv argument of the PATH command) between specified points. This is the default.
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P Commands ACCURATE --
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Map geometry using a small division at the beginning and end of each segment. This gives you accurate derivatives, integrals, tangents, and normals for curves which do not have continuous slopes at the specified points.
DISCON
Sets mapping for discontinuities in the field. The divisions are modified to put a point just before and just after the discontinuity. The valid label is MAT, for a material discontinuity. No discontinuity is the default. Discontinuity mapping involves the NOAV option on the PDEF command.
Menu Paths
Main Menu>General Postproc>Path Operations>Define Path>On Working Plane Main Menu>General Postproc>Path Operations>Define Path>Path Options
Prev /PMACRO Prev PMETH P Commands
Next PMETH Next
PMETH
Name
PMETH Specifies "p-Method" as the subsequent status topic. group: PREP7:Status product: MP ME ST DY PR EM FL PP ED
Notes
This is a status [STAT] topic command. Status topic commands are generated by the GUI and will appear in the log file ( Jobname.LOG) if status is requested for some items under Utility Menu>List>Status. This command will be immediately followed by a STAT command, which will report the status for the specified topic. If entered directly into the program, the STAT command should immediately follow this command. This command is also valid in SOLUTION.
Menu Paths
Utility Menu>List>Status>p-Method file://D:\Documents%20and%20Settings\Administrator\Local%20Settings\Temp\~hh... 20.05.2004
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Prev PMAP Prev /PMETH P Commands
Next /PMETH Next
/PMETH
Name
/PMETH, Key, OPTION Activates the p-method solution options in the Graphical User Interface (GUI). group: SOLUTION:p-Method product: MP ME ST PR PP ED
Key
ON -Activates the p-method solution options. OFF -Deactivates the p-method solution options (default). STAT -Lists the current setting of Key.
OPTION
Activates discipline option if Key = ON. 0 -Activates the structural p-method solution options (default). 1 -Activates the electrostatic p-method solution options.
Command Default
The p-method solution options are hidden (not shown) in the GUI.
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Notes
When this option is activated, only the options applicable to a p-method solution will be displayed in the GUI. This command is not required outside of the GUI.
Menu Paths
Main Menu>Preferences
Prev PMETH Prev PMGTRAN P Commands
Next PMGTRAN Next
PMGTRAN
Name
PMGTRAN, Fname, FREQ, Fcnam1, Fcnam2, Pcnam1, Pcnam2, Ecnam1, Ccnam1 Summarizes electromagnetic results from a transient analysis. group: POST26:Special Purpose product: MP ME ST EM PP ED
Fname
File name (8 characters maximum) to which tabular data and plot files will be written. Must be enclosed in single quotes when the command is manually typed in. Defaults to MG_TRNS. The data file extension is .OUT and the plot file extension is . PLT.
FREQ
Frequency of solution output. Defaults to 1. Every FREQth solution on the results file is output.
Fcnam1, Fcnam2
Names of element components for force calculation. Must be enclosed in single quotes when the command is manually typed in.
Pcnam1, Pcnam2
Names of element components for power loss calculation. Must be enclosed in single quotes when the command is manually typed in.
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P Commands
Ecnam1, Ccnam1
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Names of element components for energy and total current calculations, respectively. Must be enclosed in single quotes when the command is manually typed in.
Notes
PMGTRAN invokes an ANSYS macro which calculates and summarizes electromagnetic results from a transient analysis. The results are summarized by element components and listed on the screen as well as written to a file ( Fname.OUT). Also, graph plots of results as a function of time are created and written to a file ( Fname.PLT) for use in the DISPLAY program. Two components may be selected for the summary of electromagnetic forces (see FMAGSUM), two for power loss, and one each for stored energy (see SENERGY ) and total current (see CURR2D). See the referenced commands for other restrictions. PMGTRAN is restricted to MKSA units.
Menu Paths
Main Menu>TimeHist Postpro>Elec&Mag>Magnetics
Prev /PMETH Prev PMLOPT P Commands
Next PMLOPT Next
PMLOPT
Name
PMLOPT, ESYS, Lab, Xminus , Xplus, Yminus, Yplus, Zminus, Zplus Defines perfectly mached layers (PMLs) for a high-frequency analysis. group: PREP7: Perfectly Matched Layers product: MP EH PP ED
ESYS
Element coordinate system number. ESYS may be 0 (global Cartesian) or any previously defined local Cartesian coordinate system number (>10). Defaults to 0.
Lab
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P Commands Label defining the number of dimensions: ONE -A one-dimensional PML region. THREE -A three-dimensional PML region (default).
Xminus
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Normal reflection coefficient in negative X direction of ESYS. Defaults to 1.E- 2.5 (equivalent to -50 dB).
Xplus
Normal reflection coefficient in positive X direction of ESYS. Defaults to 1.E- 2.5 (equivalent to -50 dB).
Yminus
Normal reflection coefficient in negative Y direction of ESYS. Defaults to 1.E- 2.5 (equivalent to -50 dB).
Yplus
Normal reflection coefficient in positive Y direction of ESYS. Defaults to 1.E- 2.5 (equivalent to -50 dB).
Zminus
Normal reflection coefficient in negative Z direction of ESYS. Defaults to 1.E- 2.5 (equivalent to -50 dB).
Zplus
Normal reflection coefficient in positive Z direction of ESYS. Defaults to 1.E- 2.5 (equivalent to -50 dB).
Notes
PMLOPT defines perfectly mached layers (PML) for a high-frequency analysis. Each PML region must have a uniquely defined element coordinate system. Issue PMLOPT,STAT to list the current specifications for a PML region.
Menu Paths
Main Menu>Preprocessor>Loads>Apply>Boundary>Define Main Menu>Preprocessor>Loads>Apply>Boundary>Status Main Menu>Preprocessor>Loads>Delete>Boundary>All Main Menu>Preprocessor>Loads>Delete>Boundary>On ESYS
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P Commands Main Menu>Solution>Apply>Boundary>Define Main Menu>Solution>Apply>Boundary>Status Main Menu>Solution>Delete>Boundary>All Main Menu>Solution>Delete>Boundary>On ESYS
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Prev PMGTRAN Prev PMOPTS P Commands
Next PMOPTS Next
PMOPTS
Name
PMOPTS , TOLER Defines percentage tolerance for a p-Method solution. group: SOLUTION:p-Method product: MP ME ST DY PR EM FL PP ED
TOLER
Percentage tolerance used to determine which elements to fix at the current p-level. If an element's strain energy error is less than this tolerance its p-level will be fixed at the current level. Defaults to 5.
Command Default
Tolerance of 5% will be used.
Notes
Defines the p-level tolerance for p-method solutions ( TOLER). The default value is satisfactory for most solutions. This command is also valid in PREP7.
Menu Paths
Main Menu>Preprocessor>Loads>p-Method>Solution Options Main Menu>Solution>p-Method>Solution Options
20.05.2004
P Commands Prev PMLOPT Prev /PMORE P Commands
Page 156 of 240 Next /PMORE Next
/PMORE
Name
/PMORE, --, X5, Y5, X6, Y6, X7, Y7, X8, Y8 Creates an annotation polygon (GUI). group: GRAPHICS:Annotation product: MP ME ST DY PR EM FL PP ED
--
Unused field.
X5
X location for vertex 5 of polygon (-1.0 < X < 2.0).

Y5
Y location for vertex 5 of polygon (-1.0 < Y < 1.0).

X6

Y6

X7

Y7

X8
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Y8
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Notes
Defines the 5th through 8th vertices of an annotation polygon [/POLYGON]. This is a command generated by the Graphical User Interface (GUI) and will appear in the log file ( Jobname.LOG) if annotation is used. This command is not intended to be typed in directly in an ANSYS session (although it can be included in an input file for batch input or for use with the /INPUT command). This command is valid in any processor.
Menu Paths
Prev PMOPTS Prev PNGR P Commands
Next PNGR Next
PNGR
Name
PNGR, Kywrd, OPT, VAL Provides PNG file export for ANSYS displays. group: GRAPHICS:Set Up product: MP ME ST DY PR EM FL PP ED
Kywrd
Specifies various PNG file export options. COMP -If Kywrd = COMP, then OPT is either ON or OFF (blank is interpreted as OFF). This option allows you to turn PNG file compression ON or OFF. If OPT = ON, then The VAL field is read to determine the degree of compression. See the VALUE argument for acceptable compression values. ORIENT --
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If Kywrd = ORIENT, then OPT will determine the orientation of the entire plot. OPT can be either Horizontal (default) or Vertical. COLOR -If Kywrd = COLOR, then OPT will determine the color depth of the saved file. OPT can be 0, 1, or 2, corresponding to Black and White, Grayscale, and Color (default), respectively. TMOD -If Kywrd = TMOD, then OPT will determine the text method. OPT can be either 1 or 0, corresponding to bitmap text (default) or line stroke text, respectively. DEFAULT -If Kywrd = DEFAULT, then all of the default values, for all of the Kywrd parameters listed above, are active. STAT -Shows the current status of PNG file export.
OPT OPT
ON, OFF -If Kywrd = COMP, the values On and Off control the use of compression. The degree of compression is determined by VAL Horizontal, Vertical -If Kywrd = ORIENT, the terms Horizontal or Vertical determine the orientation of the plot. 0,1,2 -If Kywrd = COLOR, the numbers 0, 1, and 2 correspond to Black and White, Grayscale and Color, respectively. 1,0 -If Kywrd = TMOD, the values 1 and 0 determine whether bitmap (1) or stroke text (0) fonts will be used
VAL
is active only when Kywrd = COMP, and determines the degree of compression applied to the exported file (see above).
VAL
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Apply the default, optimum value for compression. This value represents the best combination of speed and compression. It varies according to the release level of the ZLIB compression package. 1-9 -Use this value to specify a specific compression level. 1 is the lowest compression level (fastest) and 9 is the highest compression level (slowest).
Notes
ANSYS creates PNG files with the assistance of the following LIBPNG and ZLIB packages: LIBPNG version 1.0.5 - October 1999 Copyright 1995, 1996, Guy Eric Schalnat, Group 42, Inc. Copyright 1996, 1997 Andreas Dilger Copytright 1998, 1999 Glenn Randers-Pehrson ZLIB Version 1.1.3 Copyright 1995 1998 Jean Loup Gailly and Mark Adler.
Menu Paths
Utility Menu>PlotCtrls>Redirect Plots Utility Menu>PlotCtrls>Hard Copy
Prev /PMORE Prev /PNUM P Commands
Next /PNUM Next
/PNUM
Name
/PNUM, Label, KEY Controls entity numbering/coloring on plots. group: GRAPHICS:Labeling product: MP ME ST DY PR EM FL PP ED
P Commands
Label
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Type of numbering/coloring: NODE -Node numbers on node and element plots. ELEM -Element numbers and colors on element plots. DOMAIN -Domains set via DECOMP. SEC -Section numbers and colors on element plots. MAT -Material set numbers and colors on element and solid model plots (see Notes). TYPE -Element type reference numbers and colors on element and solid model plots (see Notes). REAL -Real constant set numbers and colors on element and solid model plots (see Notes). ESYS -Element coordinate system numbers on element and solid model plots (see Notes). LOC -Location numbers/colors of the element in the solution sequence (the "wavefront order," see WAVES command) on element plots.
Note
LOC and ELEM numbers will be the same unless the model has been reordered. KP -Keypoint numbers on solid model plots. LINE -Line numbers on solid model plots (both numbers and colors on line plots). file://D:\Documents%20and%20Settings\Administrator\Local%20Settings\Temp\~hh... 20.05.2004
P Commands AREA --
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Area numbers on solid model plots (both numbers and colors on area plots). VOLU -Volume numbers on solid model plots (both numbers and colors on volume plots). SVAL -Stress (or any contour) values on postprocessing plots, and surface load values and colors on model plots (when surface load symbols are on [/PSF]). For tabular boundary conditions, the table-evaluated values will be displayed on node, element, or contour displays in Post1 when load symbols (/PBF, /PSF, /PBC) are on and TABNAM is OFF. TABNAM -Table names for tabular boundary conditions. If this label is turned on, the table name appears next to the appropriate symbol, arrow, face outline, or contour as dictated by the /PSF, /PBC , and /PBF commands. STAT -Shows current settings for /PNUM. DEFA -Resets all /PNUM specifications back to default.
KEY
Switch: 0 -Turns OFF numbers/colors for specified label. 1 -Turns ON numbers/colors for specified label.
Notes
This command specifies the entity numbering and coloring to be applied to subsequent plots. The MAT, TYPE, REAL, and ESYS labels activate both the numbering and coloring of the corresponding attributes for elements on EPLOTs, keypoints on KPLOTs, lines on LPLOTs, areas on APLOTs, and volumes on *VPLOTs. The ELEM, MAT, TYPE, REAL, ESYS, and LOC labels are mutually exclusive, i.e., only one can be specified at a time. Also, turning on a LINE, AREA, or VOLU label will turn off the MAT, TYPE, and REAL labels. Element and volume numbers are not visible for 3-D elements and volumes when Z-buffering is file://D:\Documents%20and%20Settings\Administrator\Local%20Settings\Temp\~hh... 20.05.2004
P Commands turned on (/TYPE,,[6,7, or 8]).
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Use /PSTATUS or /PNUM,STAT to show settings. Use /PNUM,DEFA to reset all specifications back to default. Use the /NUMBER command to control whether numbers and colors are displayed together. /PNUM,LOC and /PNUM,ESYS are not supported by PowerGraphics [/GRAPHICS,POWER]. This command is valid in any processor.
Menu Paths
Utility Menu>PlotCtrls>Numbering
Prev PNGR Prev POINT P Commands
Next POINT Next
POINT
Name
POINT Specifies "Point flow tracing settings" as the subsequent status topic. group: POST1:Status product: MP ME ST DY PR EM FL PP ED
Notes
Menu Paths
Utility Menu>List>Status>General Postproc>Trace Points
Prev /PNUM POLY
Next POLY
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P Commands Prev P Commands
POLY
Name
POLY Creates a polygonal area based on working plane coordinate pairs. group: PREP7:Primitives product: MP ME ST DY PR EM FL PP ED
Notes
Defines a polygonal area on the working plane. The area will be defined with NPT keypoints and NPT lines, where NPT (must be at least 3) is the number of coordinate pairs defined with the PTXY command. See the RPOLY and RPR4 commands for other ways to create polygons.
Menu Paths
Prev POINT Prev /POLYGON P Commands
Next /POLYGON Next
/POLYGON
Name
/POLYGON, NVERT, X1, Y1, X2, Y2, X3, Y3, X4, Y4 Creates annotation polygons (GUI). group: GRAPHICS:Annotation product: MP ME ST DY PR EM FL PP ED
NVERT
Number of vertices of polygon (3 than 4 vertices.
NVERT
8). Use /PMORE for polygons with more
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P Commands
X1
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Y1

X2

Y2

X3

Y3

X4

Y4
Notes
Creates annotation polygons to be written directly onto the display at a specified location. This is a command generated by the Graphical User Interface (GUI) and will appear in the log file (Jobname.LOG) if annotation is used. This command is not intended to be typed in directly in an ANSYS session (although it can be included in an input file for batch input or for use with the /INPUT command). All polygons are shown on subsequent displays unless the annotation is turned off or deleted. Use the /LSPEC and the /PSPEC command to set the attributes of the polygon. Use the /PMORE command to define the 5th through 8th vertices of the polygon. This command is valid in any processor.
Menu Paths
Next 20.05.2004
P Commands POLY Prev POPT P Commands
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POPT
Name
POPT, Lop1 Selects the piping analysis standard for a piping run. group: PREP7:Piping product: MP ME ST PR PP ED
Lop1
Option label: B31.1 -for ANSI B31.1. NC -for ASME Section III NC, Class 2.
Command Default
ANSI B31.1.
Notes
Selects the piping analysis standard for a piping run [RUN]. Affects only the flexibility and stress intensification factors applied to the curved pipe elements.
Menu Paths
Prev /POLYGON Prev /POST1 P Commands
Next /POST1 Next
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/POST1
Name
/POST1 Enters the database results postprocessor. group: SESSION:Processor Entry POST1:Set Up product: MP ME ST DY PR EM FL PP ED
Notes
Enters the general database results postprocessor (POST1). All load symbols (/PBC, /PSF, or /PBF) are automatically turned off with this command. This command is valid only at the Begin Level.
Menu Paths
Main Menu>General Postproc
Prev POPT Prev /POST26 P Commands
Next /POST26 Next
/POST26
Name
/POST26 Enters the time-history results postprocessor. group: SESSION:Processor Entry POST26:Set Up product: MP ME ST DY PR EM FL PP ED
Notes
Enters the time-history results postprocessor (POST26). This command is valid only at the Begin Level.
Menu Paths
Main Menu>TimeHist Postpro
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Prev /POST1 Prev POUTRES P Commands
Next POUTRES Next
POUTRES
Name
POUTRES , Item1, Item2, Item2, .........Item12, controls the nodal DOF and computed element results graphics data that is written to the PGR file. group: SOLUTION:Misc Loads product: MP ME ST DY PR EM FL PP ED
Item1, Item2, Item3,
........Item12,
Data written to the PGR file. Acceptable values are as follows: ALL -All solution items are written to the PGR file. NONE -No solution results are written to the PGR file (default) NSOL -Nodal DOF solution (always written) S -Stress NL -Structural nonlinear data CONT -Contact data EPTO -Total strain
20.05.2004
P Commands EPEL -Elastic Strain EPTH -Thermal strain EPPL -Plastic Strain EPCR -Creep strain TG -Thermal gradient TF -Thermal flux EF -Electric field D -Electric flux density HF -Magnetic field intensity B -Magnetic flux density FMAG -Magnetic forces PG -Pressure gradient BFE -Body temperatures TOPO --
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P Commands Densities for topological optimization
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Command Default
No solution results are written to the PGR file.
Notes
PowerGraphics data using the CONT option is not available for 2D models. This command is also valid in POST1.
Menu Paths
Main Menu>General Postproc>Write PGR File
Prev /POST26 Prev POWERH P Commands
Next POWERH Next
POWERH
Name
POWERH Calculates the rms power loss in a conductor or lossy dielectric. group: POST1:Magnetics Calculations product: MP ME ST EM PP ED
Notes
POWERH invokes an ANSYS macro which calculates the time-averaged (rms) power loss in a conductor or lossy dielectric material from a harmonic analysis. The power loss is stored in the parameter PAVG. Conductor losses include solid conductors and surface conductors approximated by impedance or shielding boundary conditions. The power loss density for solid conductors or dielectrics is stored in the element table with the label PLOSSD and may be listed [PRETAB] or displayed [PLETAB]. PLOSSD does not include surface losses. The elements of the conducting region must be selected before this command is issued. POWERH is valid for two-dimensional and three-dimensional analyses.
Menu Paths
Main Menu>General Postproc>Elec&Mag Calc>Power Loss
20.05.2004
P Commands Prev POUTRES Prev PPATH P Commands
Page 170 of 240 Next PPATH Next
PPATH
Name
PPATH, POINT, NODE, X, Y, Z, CS Defines a path by picking or defining nodes, or locations on the currently active working plane, or by entering specific coordinate locations. group: POST1:Path Operations product: MP ME ST DY PR EM FL PP ED
POINT
The point number. It must be greater than zero and less than or equal to the nPts value specified on the PATH command if graphical picking is not being used.
NODE
The node number defining this point. If blank, use the X, Y, Z coordinates to define the point. A valid node number will override X, Y, Z coordinate arguments. PICK -Pick the node. (blank) -Use the X, Y, Z coordinates to define the point.
X, Y, Z X, Y, Z
arguments specify the location of the point in the global Cartesian coordinate system. Use this argument only if you omit the NODE argument. PICK -Pick the point.
CS
The coordinate system for interpolation of the path between the previous point and this point. Omit this argument if you wish to use the currently active (CSYS) coordinate system. If the coordinate system of two adjacent points is different, the CS value of the latter point will be used.
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Notes
For linearized stress calculations, the path must be defined with nodes. For information on displaying paths you have defined, see Defining Data to be Retrieved in the ANSYS Basic Analysis Guide.
Menu Paths
Main Menu>General Postproc>Path Operations>Define Path>By Location Main Menu>General Postproc>Path Operations>Define Path>By Nodes Main Menu>General Postproc>Path Operations>Define Path>Modify Path Main Menu>General Postproc>Path Operations>Define Path>On Working Plane
Prev POWERH Prev PPLOT P Commands
Next PPLOT Next
PPLOT
Name
PPLOT Displays an element plot indicating each element's final p-level. group: POST1:Results product: MP ME ST DY PR PP ED
Notes
The final polynomial level (an integer value ranging from 2 to 8) is displayed at the center of the element's facets [/EFACET ] in a p-method analysis.
Menu Paths
Main Menu>General Postproc>Plot Results>p-Levels
Prev PPATH Prev PPRANGE P Commands
Next PPRANGE Next
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PPRANGE
Name
PPRANGE, START, MAX Specifies a range of p-level values for use in a p-method solution. group: SOLUTION:p-Method product: MP ME ST PR PP ED
START
Starting p-level. Defaults to 2.

MAX
Maximum p-level. Defaults to 8.
Command Default
Notes
The minimum possible p-level is 2, and the maximum possible p-level is 8. This command sets a global p-range for the entire model, where KEYOPT settings [ET] control individual element plevels. Element KEYOPT settings override PPRANGE settings. This command is also valid in PREP7.
Menu Paths
Main Menu>Preprocessor>Loads>p-Method>Set p range Main Menu>Solution>p-Method>Set p range
Prev PPLOT Prev PPRES P Commands
Next PPRES Next
PPRES
Name
P Commands PPRES , PRESS Defines the internal pressure for a piping run. group: PREP7:Piping product: MP ME ST DY PR PP ED
Page 173 of 240
PRESS
Pipe internal pressure.
Notes
Defines the pipe internal pressure for a piping run [RUN]. These pressures are assigned to the elements as they are generated.
Menu Paths
Prev PPRANGE Prev PRANGE P Commands
Next PRANGE Next
PRANGE
Name
PRANGE , LINC, VMIN, VMAX, XVAR Determines the pathrange. group: POST1:Path Operations product: MP ME ST DY PR EM FL PP ED
LINC, VMIN, VMAX
Set the range for listing or displaying the table locations between a minimum value (VMIN) and a maximum value ( VMAX) of the path distance with a location increment of LINC (defaults to 1). The first location begins at VMIN.
XVAR
Path variable item to be used as the x-axis plot variable. Any valid path variable may be used file://D:\Documents%20and%20Settings\Administrator\Local%20Settings\Temp\~hh... 20.05.2004
P Commands (PDEF command). Default variable is the path distance, S.
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Command Default
Include every interpolation point and entire path distance.
Notes
Determines the path distance range for use with the PRPATH and PLPATH commands.
Menu Paths
Main Menu>General Postproc>Path Operations>Path Range
Prev PPRES Prev PRCONV P Commands
Next PRCONV Next
PRCONV
Name
PRCONV Lists convergence values versus characteristic p-level. group: POST1:Results product: MP ME ST DY PR PP ED
Notes
After a p-method solution, this command lists in tabular form all convergence values versus characteristic p-level. This command is also valid in SOLUTION.
Menu Paths
Main Menu>General Postproc>List Results>p-Convergence
Prev PRANGE Prev PRCPLX P Commands
Next PRCPLX Next
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PRCPLX
Name
PRCPLX, KEY Defines the output form for complex variables. group: POST26:Listing product: MP ME ST DY PR EM PP ED
KEY
Output form key: 0 -Real and imaginary parts. 1 -Amplitude and phase angle. Stored real and imaginary data are converted to amplitude and phase angle upon output. Data remain stored as real and imaginary parts.
Notes
Defines the output form for complex variables. Used only with harmonic analyses (ANTYPE,HARMIC).
Menu Paths
Prev PRCONV Prev PRECISION P Commands
Next PRECISION Next
PRECISION
Name
PRECISION, LABEL Specifies machine precision for solvers (currently valid only for PCG solvers). group: SOLUTION:Analysis Options file://D:\Documents%20and%20Settings\Administrator\Local%20Settings\Temp\~hh... 20.05.2004
P Commands product: MP ME ST PR EM PP ED
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LABEL
Machine precision to use for solvers: 0 or double -Specifies double precision (default). 1 or single -Specifies single precision.
Notes
When the PCG or PCGOUT solvers are specified by the EQSLV command, this command can be used to specify single precision for the solver. By using single precision, about 30% less in-core memory is used by the PCG solver. However, using single precision can lead to unconvergence for the PCG solver when the problem is ill-conditioned. Double precision is the default and the recommended option for the PCG solvers
Menu Paths
Prev PRCPLX Prev PRED P Commands
Next PRED Next
PRED
Name
PRED, Sskey, --, Lskey Activates a predictor in a nonlinear analysis. group: SOLUTION:Nonlinear Options product: MP ME ST PR PP ED
Sskey
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P Commands Substep predictor key: OFF --
Page 177 of 240
No prediction is done (default if rotation DOF are present or element 65 is present). ON -Use a predictor on all substeps after the first (default, unless rotation DOF are present, or SOLID65 is present).
--
Unused field.
Lskey
Load step predictor: OFF -No prediction across load steps is done (default). ON -Use a predictor also on the first substep of the load step (Sskey must also be ON).
Command Default
is ON if there is no rotation DOF present in the model. If rotation DOF are present, or if SOLID65 is present, Sskey is OFF.
Sskey
Notes
Activates a predictor in a nonlinear analysis on the degree of freedom solution for the first equilibrium iteration of each substep. The default values given for this command assume SOLCONTROL,ON (the default). See the description of SOLCONTROL for a complete listing of the defaults set by SOLCONTROL,ON and SOLCONTROL,OFF. You cannot use the DOF solution predictor [PRED], automatic time stepping [AUTOTS ], or line search [LNSRCH] with the arc-length method [ARCLEN, ARCTRM]. If you activate the arclength method after you set PRED, AUTOTS, or LNSRCH, a warning message appears. If you choose to proceed with the arc-length method activation, ANSYS disables your DOF predictor, automatic time stepping, and line search settings. This command is also valid in PREP7.
Menu Paths
Main Menu>Solution>Sol'n Controls>nonlinear
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P Commands Prev PRECISION Prev /PREP7 P Commands
Page 178 of 240 Next /PREP7 Next
/PREP7
Name
/PREP7 Enters the model creation preprocessor. group: SESSION:Processor Entry PREP7:Database product: MP ME ST DY PR EM FL PP ED
Notes
Enters the general input data preprocessor (PREP7). This command is valid only at the Begin Level.
Menu Paths
Main Menu>Preprocessor
Prev PRED Prev PRERR P Commands
Next PRERR Next
PRERR
Name
PRERR Prints SEPC and TEPC. group: POST1:Listing product: MP ME ST DY PR PP ED
Notes
Prints the percent error in structural energy norm (SEPC) and the thermal energy norm percent error (TEPC). Approximations of mesh discretization error associated with a solution are calculated for file://D:\Documents%20and%20Settings\Administrator\Local%20Settings\Temp\~hh... 20.05.2004
P Commands analyses having structural or thermal degrees of freedom.
Page 179 of 240
The structural approximation is based on the energy error (which is similar in concept to the strain energy) and represents the error associated with the discrepancy between the calculated stress field and the globally continuous stress field (see Section 19.7 of the ANSYS Elements Reference). This discrepancy is due to the assumption in the elements that only the displacements are continuous at the nodes. The stress field is calculated from the displacements and should also be continuous, but generally is not. Structural analyses should be linear elastic and may use solid elements having only structural degrees of freedom (excluding SOLID46, SOLID65, HYPER56, HYPER58, HYPER74, HYPER84, HYPER86, HYPER158 VISCO88, VISCO106, VISCO107, and VISCO108) and 3-D shell elements (excluding SHELL28, SHELL41, SHELL91, and SHELL99 ). Thermal analyses may use any solid and shell thermal element having only temperature degrees of freedom. The thermal approximation is based on the total heat flow dissipation and represents the error associated with the discrepancy between the calculated nodal thermal flux within an element and a continuous global thermal flux. This continuous thermal flux is calculated with the normal nodal averaging procedure. The volume (result label VOLU) is used to calculate the energy error per element (result label SERR for the structural energy error and TERR for the thermal energy error). These energy errors, along with the appropriate energy, are then used to calculate the percent error in energy norm (SEPC for structural and TEPC for thermal). These percentages can be listed by the PRERR command, retrieved by the *GET command (with labels SEPC and TEPC) for further calculations, and shown on the displacement display [PLDISP], as applicable. For structural analyses, the maximum absolute value of nodal stress variation of any stress component for any node of an element (result item SDSG) is also calculated. Similarly, for thermal gradient components, TDSG is calculated. Minimum and maximum result bounds considering the possible effect of discretization error will be shown on contour displays [PLNSOL]. For shell elements, the top surface location is used to produce a meaningful percentage value. SERR, TERR, SEPC, TEPC, SDSG, and TDSG will be updated whenever the nodal stresses or fluxes are recalculated. If the energy error is a significant portion of the total energy, then the analysis should be repeated using a finer mesh to obtain a more accurate solution. The energy error is relative from problem to problem but will converge to a zero energy error as the mesh is refined. An automated adaptive meshing procedure using this energy error is described with the ADAPT macro.
Menu Paths
Main Menu>General Postproc>List Results>Percent Error Utility Menu>List>Results>Percent Error
Prev /PREP7 Prev PRESOL P Commands
Next PRESOL Next
PRESOL
P Commands
Page 180 of 240
Name
PRESOL, Item, Comp Prints the solution results for elements. group: POST1:Results product: MP ME ST DY PR EM PP ED
Item
Label identifying the item. Valid item labels are shown in PRESOL - Valid Item and Component Labels below. Some items also require a component label.
Comp
Component of the item (if required). Valid component labels are shown in PRESOL - Valid Item and Component Labels below.
Notes
Prints the solution results for the selected elements in the sorted sequence. For example, PRESOL,S prints the stress items SX, SY, SZ, SXY, SYZ, and SXZ for the node locations of the element. Component results are in the global Cartesian coordinate directions unless transformed [RSYS]. Shell elements print values at the top, then bottom of the element (or layer). Items are listed as columns of a table versus element number. An exception occurs for item ELEM which uses an element format (all applicable line element results are listed per element) instead of a tabular format. The FORCE command can be used to define which component of the nodal load is to be used (static, damping, inertia, or total). See the ETABLE and PRETAB commands for printing items not available through this command (such as line element results). For PowerGraphics [/GRAPHICS,POWER], results are listed only for the element surface. The items marked with [1] are not supported by PowerGraphics. PRESOL Valid Item and Component Labels Item S EPEL EPTH EPPL EPCR EPSW EPTO EPTT NL Comp Description Valid item and component labels for element results are: Component (X, Y, Z, XY, YZ, XZ) stresses. Component (X, Y, Z, XY, YZ, XZ) elastic strains. Component (X, Y, Z, XY, YZ, XZ) thermal strains. Component (X, Y, Z, XY, YZ, XZ) plastic strains. Component (X, Y, Z, XY, YZ, XZ) creep strains. Swelling strain. Component (X, Y, Z, XY, YZ, XZ) total mechanical strains (EPEL + EPPL + EPCR). Component (X, Y, Z, XY, YZ, XZ) total mechanical and thermal strains (EPEL + EPPL + EPCR + EPTH). Nonlinear items (SEPL, SRAT, HPRES, EPEQ, PSV, PLWK). 20.05.2004
P Commands
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SEND ELASTIC Elastic strain energy density. " PLASTIC Plastic strain energy density. " CREEP Creep strain energy density. 1,2,3, ... SVAR State variable. N Contact items (STAT, PENE, PRES, SFRIC, STOT, SLIDE, GAP, FLUX). See CONT component descriptions in PLNSOL. TG Component (X, Y, Z) thermal gradients and vector sum (SUM). TF Component (X, Y, Z) thermal fluxes and vector sum (SUM). PG Component (X, Y, Z) pressure gradients and vector sum (SUM). EF Component (X, Y, Z) electric fields and vector sum (SUM). D Component (X, Y, Z) electric flux densities and vector sum (SUM). H Component (X, Y, Z) magnetic field intensities and vector sum (SUM). B Component (X, Y, Z) magnetic flux densities and vector sum (SUM). FMAG Component (X, Y, Z) magnetic forces and vector sum (SUM) [1]. P Poynting vector components (X, Y, Z) and sum (SUM) [1]. F Component (X, Y, Z) structural forces. Use FORCE for type [1]. M Component (X, Y, Z) structural moments. Use FORCE for type [1]. HEAT Heat flow. Use FORCE for type [1]. FLOW Fluid flow. Use FORCE for type. AMPS Current flow [1]. FLUX Magnetic flux [1]. VF Component (X, Y, Z) fluid "forces". Use FORCE for type [1]. CSG Component (X, Y, Z) magnetic current segments. Use FORCE for type [1]. FORC All available force items (F to CSG above). (10 maximum) [1]. Body temperatures (calculated from applied temperatures) as used in solution BFE (area and volume elements only). ELEM All applicable element results (available only for structural line elements) [1]. SERR Structural error energy [1]. SDSG Absolute value of the maximum variation of any nodal stress component [1]. TERR Thermal error energy [1]. Absolute value of the maximum variation of any nodal thermal gradient TDSG component [1]. SENE "Stiffness" energy or thermal heat dissipation. Same as TENE [1]. TENE Thermal heat dissipation or "stiffness" energy. Same as SENE [1]. KENE Kinetic energy [1]. JHEAT Element Joule heat generation (coupled-field calculation) [1]. Source current density (coupled-field calculation) in the global Cartesian JS coordinate system [1]. JT Total current density and vector sum [1]. MRE Magnetic Reynolds number [1]. VOLU Volume of volume element [1]. Centroid X, Y, or Z location (based on shape function) in the active coordinate CENT system [1]. LOCI Integration point location Element summable miscellaneous data value at sequence number snum (Shown file://D:\Documents%20and%20Settings\Administrator\Local%20Settings\Temp\~hh... 20.05.2004
P Commands
Page 182 of 240 in the Output Data section of each element description. See Chapter 4 of the ANSYS Elements Reference) [1]. Element non-summable miscellaneous data value at sequence number snum (Shown in the Output Data section of each element description. See Chapter 4 of the ANSYS Elements Reference) [1]. Densities used for topological optimization. This applies to the following types of elements: PLANE2, PLANE82, SOLID92, SHELL93, SOLID95.
SMISC snum NMISC snum TOPO
1. Not supported by PowerGraphics
Menu Paths
Main Menu>General Postproc>List Results>Element Solution Utility Menu>List>Results>Element Solution
Prev PRERR Prev PRETAB P Commands
Next PRETAB Next
PRETAB
Name
PRETAB, Lab1, Lab2, Lab3, Lab4, Lab5, Lab6, Lab7, Lab8, Lab9 Prints the element table items. group: POST1:Element Table product: MP ME ST DY PR EM FL PP ED
Lab1, Lab2, Lab3, Lab4, Lab5, Lab6, Lab7, Lab8, Lab9
Print selected items. Valid labels are (blank) or any label as specified with the ETABLE command. Convenience labels may be used for Lab1 to select groups of labels (10 labels maximum): GRP1 for first 10 stored items; GRP2 for items 11 to 20; GRP3 for items 21 to 30; GRP4 for items 31 to 40; GRP5 for items 41 to 50. Enter ETABLE,STAT command to list stored item order. If all labels are blank, print first 10 stored items (GRP1).
Notes
Prints the items stored in the table defined with the ETABLE command. Item values will be listed for the selected elements in the sorted sequence [ESORT]. The FORCE command can be used to define which component of the nodal load is to be used (static, damping, inertia, or total).
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P Commands
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Portions of this command are not supported by PowerGraphics [/GRAPHICS,POWER].
Menu Paths
Main Menu>General Postproc>Element Table>List Elem Table Main Menu>General Postproc>List Results>Elem Table Data Utility Menu>List>Results>Element Table Data
Prev PRESOL Prev PRHFFAR P Commands
Next PRHFFAR Next
PRHFFAR
Name
PRHFFAR, Opt, Lab, PHI1, PHI2 , NPHI, THETA1, THETA2, NTHETA, RADIUS, CS, Comp Prints electromagnetic far fields and far field parameters. group: POST1: Special Purpose product: MP EH PP ED
Opt
Print option: FIELD -Electromagnetic far field. RCS -Radar cross section. RCSN -Normalized radar cross section. PATT -Antenna pattern. DGAIN --
20.05.2004
P Commands Antenna directive gain. PRAD -Antenna radiation power. PGAIN -Antenna power gain. EFF -Antenna radiation efficiency.
Lab
Page 184 of 240
As shown below, data entered in the Lab field will vary, depending on the print option (Opt). Valid Lab Data Labels
Opt Lab
EF -- Electric field (default) FIELD H -- Magnetic field NONE -- Radar echo area (default) PP -- Phi-Phi polarization RCS and RCSN PT -- Phi-Theta polarization TP -- Theta-Phi polarization TT -- Theta-Theta polarization RECT -- Radiation pattern (default) MAX -- Directivity (default) RECT -- Directive gain Ignore Lab. VALUE -- Input power (watts) VALUE -- Input power (watts)
PATT DGAIN PRAD PGAIN EFF
The following PHI1, PHI2, NPHI, THETA1, THETA2, and NTHETA arguments are used only with Opt = FIELD, RCS, RCSN, PATT, or Opt = FIELD, Lab = RECT.
PHI1, PHI2
Starting and ending

NPHI
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Number of divisions between the starting and ending to 0.

THETA1, THETA2
Starting and ending

NTHETA
Number of divisions between the starting and ending to 0. The following arguments are used only with Opt = FIELD.
RADIUS
Radius for far field. Defaults to 1.

CS
Coordinate system type: 0 -Cartesian (default). 2 -Spherical.

Comp
Coordinate system component: SUM -Magnitude of electromagnetic field (default). X -X-component (CS = 0) or radial component (CS = 2). Y -Y-component (CS = 0) or Z -Z-component (CS = 0) or component (CS = 2). component (CS = 2).
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Notes
PLHFFAR prints electromagnetic far fields and far field parameters as determined by the equivalent source principle. Use this command to print far electromagnetic field, radar cross section, antenna radiation pattern, antenna directive gain, antenna directivity, antenna radiation power, antenna power gain, or antenna radiation efficiency.
Menu Paths
Main Menu>General Postproc>List Results>Direct Gain Main Menu>General Postproc>List Results>Efficiency Main Menu>General Postproc>List Results>Pattern Main Menu>General Postproc>List Results>Power Gain Main Menu>General Postproc>List Results>Rad Power Main Menu>General Postproc>List Results>Far Field Main Menu>General Postproc>List Results>RCS Normalized Main Menu>General Postproc>List Results>RCS
Prev PRETAB Prev PRI2 P Commands
Next PRI2 Next
PRI2
Name
PRI2, P51X, Z1, Z2 Creates a polygonal area or a prism volume by vertices (GUI). group: PREP7:Primitives product: MP ME ST DY PR EM EH FL PP ED
Notes
P Commands
Page 187 of 240
Creates a polygonal area or a prism volume using the vertices as input. This is a command generated by the Graphical User Interface (GUI) and will appear in the log file ( Jobname.LOG) if graphical picking is used. This command is not intended to be typed in directly in an ANSYS session (although it can be included in an input file for batch input or for use with the /INPUT command). For polygons, the PRI2 command will appear in the log file as PRI2,P51X,0.0,0.0 preceded by FITEM commands that define the vertices (in global Cartesian coordinates). For prisms, the PRI2 command will appear in the log file as PRI2,P51X preceded by FITEM commands that define the vertices and the Z-end of the prism. See the RPOLY, POLY, RPRISM, PRISM, and RPR4 commands for other ways to create polygons and prisms.
Menu Paths
Main Menu>Preprocessor>Create>Polygon>By Vertices Main Menu>Preprocessor>Create>Prism>By Vertices
Prev PRHFFAR Prev PRIM P Commands
Next PRIM Next
PRIM
Name
PRIM Specifies "Solid model primitives" as the subsequent status topic. group: PREP7:Status product: MP ME ST DY PR EM FL PP ED
Notes
Menu Paths
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P Commands Prev PRI2 Prev PRINT P Commands
Page 188 of 240 Next PRINT Next
PRINT
Name
PRINT Specifies "Print settings" as the subsequent status topic. group: POST1:Status POST26:Status product: MP ME ST DY PR EM FL PP ED
Notes
Menu Paths
Utility Menu>List>Status>General Postproc>List Results Utility Menu>List>Status>TimeHist Postproc>List
Prev PRIM Prev PRISM P Commands
Next PRISM Next
PRISM
Name
PRISM, Z1, Z2 Creates a prism volume based on working plane coordinate pairs. group: PREP7:Primitives product: MP ME ST DY PR EM EH FL PP ED
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P Commands
Page 189 of 240
Z1, Z2
Working plane Z coordinates of the top and bottom of the prism.
Notes
Defines a prism volume based on the working plane. The top and bottom areas will each be defined with NPT keypoints and NPT lines, where NPT (must be at least 3) is the number of coordinate pairs defined with PTXY command. Also, a line will be defined between each point pair on the top and bottom face. See the RPRISM and RPR4 commands for other ways to create prisms.
Menu Paths
Prev PRINT Prev PRITER P Commands
Next PRITER Next
PRITER
Name
PRITER Prints solution summary data. group: POST1:Listing product: MP ME ST DY PR EM FL PP ED
Notes
Prints solution summary data (such as time step size, number of equilibrium iterations, convergence values, etc.) from a static or full transient analysis. All other analyses print zeros for the data.
Menu Paths
Main Menu>General Postproc>List Results>Iteration Summry Utility Menu>List>Results>Iteration Summry
Prev PRISM
Next PRNLD
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P Commands PRNLD P Commands
Page 190 of 240
Prev
Next
PRNLD
Name
PRNLD, Lab, TOL, Item Prints the summed element nodal loads. group: POST1:Results product: MP ME ST DY PR EM PP ED
Lab
Nodal reaction load type. If blank, use the first ten of all available labels. Valid labels are: Structural force labels: FX, FY or FZ (forces); F (includes FX, FY and FZ); MX, MY or MZ (moments); M (includes MX, MY and MZ). Thermal force labels: HEAT (heat flow). Fluid force labels: FLOW (fluid flow); VFX, VFY and VFZ (fluid "forces"); VF (includes VFX, VFY and VFZ). Electric force labels: AMPS (current flow); CHRG (charge); CURT (current); VLTG (voltage drop). Magnetic force labels: FLUX (magnetic flux); CSGX, CSGY, CSGZ (magnetic current segments); CSG (includes CSGX, CSGY and CSGZ).
TOL
Tolerance value about zero within which loads are not printed. Defaults to 1.0E-9 times the absolute value of the maximum load on the selected nodes. If zero, print all nodal loads.
LAB
Coordinate system in which to perform summation. (blank) -Sum all nodal forces in global Cartesian coordnate system (default).
RSYS
-Sum all nodal forces in the currently active RSYS coordinate system.
ITEM
Selected set of nodes. (blank) -Prints the summed element nodal loads for all selected nodes (default), excluding contact elements.
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P Commands
CONT
Page 191 of 240
-Prints the summed element nodal loads for contact nodes only.
Notes
Prints the summed element nodal loads (forces, moments, heat flows, flux, etc.) for the selected nodes in the sorted sequence. Results are in the global Cartesian coordinate directions unless transformed [RSYS]. Zero values (within a tolerance range) are not printed. Loads applied to a constrained degree of freedom are not included. The FORCE command can be used to define which component of the nodal load is to be used (static, damping, inertia, or total). By default, PRNLD excludes contact elements (elements 169-174). PRNLD,,,CONT will only account for nodal forces on selected contact elements (CONTA171-174).
Menu Paths
Main Menu>General Postproc>List Results>Nodal Loads Utility Menu>List>Results>Nodal Loads
Prev PRITER Prev PRNSOL P Commands
Next PRNSOL Next
PRNSOL
Name
PRNSOL, Item, Comp Prints the nodal solution results. group: POST1:Results product: MP ME ST DY PR EM FL PP ED
Item
Label identifying the item. Valid item labels are shown in PRNSOL - Valid Item and Component Labels below. Some items also require a component label.
Comp
Component of the item (if required). Valid component labels are shown in PRNSOL - Valid Item and Component Labels below. Defaults to COMP.
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P Commands
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Notes
Prints the nodal solution results for the selected nodes in the sorted sequence. For example, PRNSOL,U,X prints the X component of displacement vector U (i.e., the UX degree of freedom). Component results are in the global Cartesian coordinate directions unless transformed [RSYS]. Various element results also depend upon the recalculation method and the selected results location [AVPRIN , RSYS, LAYER, SHELL , and NSEL]. If LAYER is specified, then the resulting output will be listed in Full graphics mode. The FORCE command can be used to define which component of the nodal load is to be used (static, damping, inertia, or total). PowerGraphics can affect your nodal solution listings. If a node is common to more than one element, or if a geometric discontinuity exists, several conflicting listings may result. For instance, a corner node incorporating results from a brick element and three shell elements could yield as many as nine different results. ANSYS does not average result listings when shell elements are present. It is important to analyze the listings at discontinuities to ascertain the significance of each set of data. For PowerGraphics [/GRAPHICS,POWER], results are listed only for the model exterior surface. If NSORT, ESORT or /ESHAPE are specified with PowerGraphics activated, then the PRNSOL listings will be the same as in Full graphics mode. The items marked with [1] are not supported by PowerGraphics. PRNSOL - Valid Item and Component Labels Item U " ROT " TEMP PRES VOLT MAG V " A " CURR EMF ENKE ENDS SP0 n DOF S " Comp Description Valid item and component labels for nodal degree of freedom results are: X, Y, Z X, Y, or Z structural displacement. COMP X, Y, and Z structural displacements and vector sum. X, Y, Z X, Y, or Z structural rotation. COMP X, Y, and Z structural rotations and vector sum. Temperature. Pressure. Electric potential. Magnetic scalar potential. X, Y, Z X, Y, or Z fluid velocity [2]. COMP X, Y, and Z fluid velocities and vector sum. X, Y, Z X, Y, or Z magnetic vector potential [2]. COMP X, Y, and Z magnetic vector potentials and vector sum. Current. Electromotive force drop. Turbulent kinetic energy. Turbulent energy dissipation. Mass fraction of species n, where n = 1 to 6 (FLOTRAN). If a species is given a user-defined name [MSSPEC], use that name instead of SP0n [1]. All available degree of freedom labels (10 maximum). Valid item and component labels for element results are: COMP X, Y, Z, XY, YZ, and XZ component stresses. PRIN S1, S2, S3 principal stresses, SINT stress intensity, and SEQV equivalent stress. Maximum Stress, Tsai-Wu Strength Index, and inverse of Tsai-Wu Strength file://D:\Documents%20and%20Settings\Administrator\Local%20Settings\Temp\~hh... 20.05.2004
P Commands
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" EPEL " " EPTH " EPPL " EPCR " EPSW EPTO " EPTT " NL SEND " " SVAR CONT TG TF PG EF D H B FMAG BFE TOPO
TTOT HFLU HFLM COND PCOE PTOT
Ratio Index Failure Criteria. (Only works if FC command information is provided.) [1] COMP Component elastic strains. PRIN Principal elastic strains, strain intens., and equiv. strain. Maximum Strain Failure Criteria. (Only works if FC command information is FAIL provided.) COMP Component thermal strains. PRIN Principal thermal strains, strain intensity, and equivalent strain. COMP Component plastic strains. PRIN Principal plastic strains, strain intensity, and equivalent strain. COMP Component creep strains. PRIN Principal creep strains, strain intensity, and equivalent strain. Swelling strain. COMP Component total mechanical strains (EPEL + EPPL + EPCR). PRIN Principal total mechanical strains, strain intensity, and equiv. strain. Component total mechanical and thermal strains (EPEL + EPPL + EPCR + COMP EPTH). PRIN Principal total mechanical and thermal strains, strain intensity, and equiv. strain. Nonlinear items (SEPL,SRAT,HPRES,EPEQ,PSV,PLWK). ELASTIC Elastic strain energy density. PLASTIC Plastic strain energy density. CREEP Creep strain energy density. 1, 2, 3, ... State variable. N Contact items (STAT, PENE, PRES, SFRIC, STOT, SLIDE, GAP, FLUX). See component descriptions in PLNSOL. COMP Component thermal gradients and vector sum. COMP Component thermal fluxes and vector sum. COMP Component pressure gradients and vector sum. COMP Component electric fields and vector sum. COMP Component electric flux densities and vector sum. COMP Component magnetic field intensities and vector sum. COMP Component magnetic flux densities and vector sum. COMP Component magnetic forces and vector sum [1]. Body temperatures (calculated from applied temperatures) as used in solution (area and volume elements only). Densities used for topological optimization. This applies to nodes attached to the following types of elements: PLANE2, PLANE82, SOLID92, SHELL93, SOLID95. Valid item and component labels for FLOTRAN nodal results are: Total temperature. Heat flux. Heat transfer (film) coefficient. Fluid laminar conductivity. Pressure coefficient. Total (stagnation) pressure. FAIL
20.05.2004
P Commands MACH STRM DENS VISC SPHT EVIS CMUV ECON YPLU TAUW SFTS LMDn EMDn RDFL
Page 194 of 240 Mach number. Stream function. (2-D applications only.) Fluid density. Fluid laminar viscosity. Specific heat. Fluid effective viscosity. Turbulent viscosity coefficient. Fluid effective conductivity. Y+, a turbulent law of the wall parameter. Shear stress at the wall. Surface tension coefficient. Laminar mass diffusion coefficient for species n, where n = 1 to 6. Effective mass diffusion coefficient for species n, where n = 1 to 6. Radiation heat flux.
1. Not supported by PowerGraphics 2. For explicit dynamics analyses, V (X, Y, Z) refers to nodal velocity, and A (X, Y, Z) refers to nodal acceleration.
Menu Paths
Main Menu>General Postproc>List Results>Sort Nodes Main Menu>General Postproc>List Results>Nodal Solution Utility Menu>List>Results>Nodal Solution
Prev PRNLD Prev PROD P Commands
Next PROD Next
PROD
Name
PROD, IR, IA, IB, IC, Name, --, --, FACTA, FACTB, FACTC Multiplies variables. group: POST26:Operations product: MP ME ST DY PR EM FL PP ED
IR
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IA, IB, IC
Reference numbers of the three variables to be operated on. If only two leave IC blank. If only one, leave IB blank also.
Name
--, --
Unused fields.
FACTA, FACTB, FACTC
Notes
Multiplies variables (up to three at once) according to the operation:
IR
= (FACTA x IA) x ( FACTB x IB) x ( FACTC x IC)
Menu Paths
Main Menu>TimeHist Postpro>Math Operations>Multiply
Prev PRNSOL Prev PRPATH P Commands
Next PRPATH Next
PRPATH
Name
PRPATH, Lab1, Lab2, Lab3, Lab4, Lab5, Lab6 Prints path items along a geometry path. group: POST1:Path Operations product: MP ME ST DY PR EM FL PP ED
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Lab1, Lab2, Lab3, Lab4, Lab5, Lab6
Labels identifying the path items to be printed. Up to six items may be printed at a time. Predefined path geometry items XG, YZ, ZG, and S [PDEF] may also be printed.
Notes
Prints path items with respect to a geometry path (as defined by the PATH and PPATH commands). Path items and their labels must have been defined with the PDEF, PVECT, PCALC, PDOT, or PCROSS commands. Path items may also be displayed with the PLPATH and PLPAGM commands. See the PRANGE command for range control of the path.
Menu Paths
Main Menu>General Postproc>List Results>Path Items Main Menu>General Postproc>Path Operations>List Path Items Utility Menu>List>Results>Path Data
Prev PROD Prev PRRFOR P Commands
Next PRRFOR Next
PRRFOR
Name
PRRFOR, Lab Used with the FORCE command. Prints the constrained node reaction solution. group: POST1:Results product: MP ME ST DY PR EM PP ED
Lab
Nodal reaction load type. If blank, use the first ten of all available labels. Valid labels are: Structural force labels: FX, FY or FZ (forces); F (FX, FY and FZ); MX, MY or MZ (moments); M (MX, MY and MZ). Thermal force labels: HEAT (heat flow). Fluid force labels: FLOW (fluid flow); VFX, VFY and VFZ (fluid "forces"); VF (VFX, VFY and VFZ). Electric force labels: AMPS (current flow); CHRG (charge); CURT (current); VLTG (voltage drop). Magnetic force labels: FLUX (magnetic flux); CSGX, CSGY, CSGZ (magnetic current segments); CSG (CSGX, CSGY and CSGZ); CURT (current), VLTG (voltage drop).
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Notes
PRRFOR has the same functionality as the PRRSOL command; use PRRFOR instead of PRRSOL when a FORCE command has been issued. PRRFOR cannot be used when a squaring operation has been carried out on a load case [such as in PSD and spectrum analyses]. PRRSOL values are correct in this case, because they are squared after summing the nodal forces.
Menu Paths
Prev PRPATH Prev PRRSOL P Commands
Next PRRSOL Next
PRRSOL
Name
PRRSOL, Lab Prints the constrained node reaction solution. group: POST1:Results product: MP ME ST DY PR EM PP ED
Lab
Nodal reaction load type. If blank, use the first ten of all available labels. Valid labels are: Structural force labels: FX, FY or FZ (forces); F (FX, FY and FZ); MX, MY or MZ (moments); M (MX, MY and MZ); BMOM (bimoments). Thermal force labels: HEAT (heat flow). Fluid force labels: FLOW (fluid flow); VFX, VFY and VFZ (fluid "forces"); VF (VFX, VFY and VFZ). Electric force labels: AMPS (current flow); CHRG (charge); CURT (current); VLTG (voltage drop). Magnetic force labels: FLUX (magnetic flux); CSGX, CSGY, CSGZ (magnetic current segments); CSG (CSGX, CSGY and CSGZ); CURT (current), VLTG (voltage drop).
Notes
Prints the constrained node reaction solution for the selected nodes in the sorted sequence. For coupled nodes, the sum of all reactions in the coupled set appears at the primary node of the coupled set. Results are in the global Cartesian coordinate directions unless transformed [RSYS]. PRRSOL is not valid if any load is applied to a constrained node in the direction of the constraint and any of
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the following is true: a) LCOPER has been used, or b) LCASE has been used to read from a load case file or c) the applied loads and constraints in the database are not the ones used to create the results data being processed. Use PRRFOR, instead of PRRSOL, with the FORCE command.
Menu Paths
Main Menu>General Postproc>List Results>Reaction Solu Utility Menu>List>Results>Reaction Solution
Prev PRRFOR Prev PRSECT P Commands
Next PRSECT Next
PRSECT
Name
PRSECT, RHO, KBR Calculates and prints linearized stresses along a section path. group: POST1:Path Operations product: MP ME ST DY PR PP ED
RHO
In-plane (X-Y) average radius of curvature of the inside and outside surfaces of an axisymmetric section. If zero (or blank), a plane or 3-D structure is assumed. If nonzero, an axisymmetric structure is assumed. Use any large number (or -1) for an axisymmetric straight section.
KBR
Through-thickness bending stresses key for an axisymmetric analysis ( RHO 0 -Include the thickness-direction bending stresses. 1 -Ignore the thickness-direction bending stresses.
0):
Notes
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Calculates and prints linearized stresses along a section path [PATH] as defined by the two points specified with the PPATH command. Use only the NODE option on PPATH to define the path, which must be two nodes only. No data is retained on the path; the path is used only to retrieve the two path node numbers. Gives component and principal stresses at the beginning, mid-length, and end of the section. Stresses are also separated into membrane, bending, membrane plus bending, peak, and total stress categories. The total stress can also be printed for intermediate points with the PRPATH command. Stresses are output in section coordinates (SX along the path, SY normal, and SZ hoop) for axisymmetric sections, and in the active coordinate system [RSYS] for plane and 3-D structures. Principal stresses are recalculated from the component stresses and are invariant with coordinate system. Use PLSECTcommand to display stresses. Stresses through a section may be linearized and separated into categories for various code calculations. Linearized stresses may be printed [PRSECT] and displayed [PLSECT ]. The section is defined by a path consisting of two end points (nodes) and 47 intermediate points (automatically determined by linear interpolation in the active display coordinate system [DSYS]), regardless of the number of divisions set by PATH,,,,nDiv. The values of the component stresses to be linearized are interpolated at the path points within each path element from the element's average corner nodal values (in the active coordinate system [RSYS]). The section path may be through any solid (2-D plane, 2-D axisymmetric, or 3-D) elements. Section paths, which may be anywhere, are usually defined to be through the thickness of the structure and normal to the inner and outer structure surfaces. Section paths (in-plane only) may also be defined for shell element structures. See the ANSYS, Inc. Theory Reference for details. Stress components through the section are linearized by a line integral method and separated into constant membrane stresses, bending stresses varying linearly between end points, and peak stresses (defined as the difference between the actual (total) stress and the membrane plus bending combination).
Note
For non-axisymmetric structures, the bending stresses are calculated such that the neutral axis is at the midpoint of the path. Axisymmetric results include the effects of both the radius of revolution (automatically determined from the node locations) and the in-plane average radius of curvature of the section surfaces (user input). Portions of this command are not supported by PowerGraphics [/GRAPHICS,POWER].
Menu Paths
Main Menu>General Postproc>List Results>Linearized Strs Main Menu>General Postproc>Path Operations>List Linearized Utility Menu>List>Results>Linearized Stresses
Prev PRRSOL Prev PRSSOL P Commands
Next PRSSOL Next
PRSSOL
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Name
PRSSOL, Item, Comp Prints BEAM188 and BEAM189 section results. group: POST1:Results product: MP ME ST PP ED
Item
Label identifying the item. Valid item labels are listed below. Some items also require a component label.
Comp
Component of the item (if required). Valid component labels are listed below.
Notes
PRSSOL prints the BEAM188 and BEAM189 section nodal and section integration point results. Stresses and strains are printed at section nodes. Plastic strains, plastic work, and creep strains are printed at section integration points. For example, PRSSOL,S,COMP prints the X, XZ, and YZ components of stresses at section nodes. To display a listing of the section nodal and integration point coordinates, use the SLIST command. PRSSOL - Valid Item and Component Labels Description Valid item and component labels for section results are: S COMP X, XZ, YZ stress components. " PRIN S1, S2, S3 principal stresses, SINT stress intensity, and SEQV equivalent stress. EPTO COMP Total strains (EPEL+EPPL+EPTH). " PRIN Total principal strains, strain intensity, and equivalent strain. EPPL COMP Plastic strain components. " PRIN Principal plastic strains, plastic strain intensity, and equivalent plastic strain. EPCR COMP Creep strain components. PRIN Principal creep strains, creep strain intensity, and equivalent creep strain. EPTH Thermal strains. NL Nonlinear item plastic work. BMOM Bimoments. Item Comp
Menu Paths
Main Menu>General Postproc>List Results>Section Solution Utility Menu>List>Results>Section Solution
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Prev PRSECT Prev PRTIME P Commands
Next PRTIME Next
PRTIME
Name
PRTIME, TMIN, TMAX Defines the time range for which data are to be listed. group: POST26:Listing product: MP ME ST DY PR EM FL PP ED
TMIN
Minimum time (defaults to the first point stored).

TMAX
Maximum time (defaults to the last point stored).
Command Default
Use the previously defined range [TIMERANGE].
Notes
Defines the time (or frequency) range (within the range stored) for which data are to be listed.
Menu Paths
Prev PRSSOL Prev PRVAR P Commands
Next PRVAR Next
PRVAR
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Name
PRVAR, NVAR1, NVAR2, NVAR3, NVAR4, NVAR5, NVAR6 Lists variables vs. time (or frequency). group: POST26:Listing product: MP ME ST DY PR EM FL PP ED
NVAR1, NVAR2, NVAR3, NVAR4, NVAR5, NVAR6
Variables to be displayed, defined either by the reference number or a unique thirty-two character name.
Notes
Lists variables vs. time (or frequency). Up to six variables may be listed across the line.
Menu Paths
Main Menu>TimeHist Postpro>List Variables
Prev PRTIME Prev PRVAROPT P Commands
Next PRVAROPT Next
PRVAROPT
Name
PRVAROPT, Lab1, Lab2, Lab3, Lab4, Lab5, Lab6, Lab7, Lab8, Lab9, Lab10 Lists up to ten optimization parameters. group: OPTIMIZATION:Display product: MP ME ST DY PR EM FL PP ED
Names of the parameters to be listed.
Notes
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Lists up to ten optimization parameters at a time. Parameters are listed vs. the XVAROPT parameter (defaults to set number) in the order corresponding to an ascending order of the XVAROPT parameter.
Menu Paths
Prev PRVAR Prev PRVECT P Commands
Next PRVECT Next
PRVECT
Name
PRVECT, Item, Lab2, Lab3, LabP Prints results as vector magnitude and direction cosines. group: POST1:Results POST1:Element Table product: MP ME ST DY PR EM FL PP ED
Item
Predefined vector item (from PRVECT - Valid Item and Component Labels below) or a label identifying the i-component of a user-defined vector.
Lab2
Label identifying the j-component of a user-defined vector. Must be blank if Item is selected from list below.
Lab3
Label identifying the k-component of a user-defined vector. Must be blank if Item is selected from list below or for 2-D user defined vector.
LabP
Label assigned to resultant vector for printout labeling (defaults to Item).
Notes
Prints various solution results as vector magnitude and direction cosines for the selected nodes and/or
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elements. For example, PRVECT,U prints the displacement magnitude and its direction cosines for all selected nodes. For nodal degree of freedom vector results, direction cosines are with respect to the results coordinate system RSYS. For element results, direction cosines are with repect to the global Cartesian system. Item components may be printed with the PRNSOL command. Various results also depend upon the recalculation method and the selected results location [LAYER, SHELL, NSEL, and ESEL]. Items may be selected from a set of recognized vector labels ( Item) or a vector may be defined from up to three scalar labels ( Item,Lab2,Lab3). Scalar labels may be userdefined with the ETABLE command. Portions of this command are not supported by PowerGraphics [/GRAPHICS,POWER]. PRVECT - Valid Item and Component Labels Item Comp U ROT V A S EPTO EPEL EPPL EPCR EPTH TG TF PG EF D H B FMAG P JS JT Description Valid item labels for nodal degree of freedom vector results are: Structural displacement vector magnitude and direction cosines. Structural rotation vector magnitude and direction cosines. Velocity vector magnitude and direction cosines. Magnetic vector potential vector magnitude and direction cosines. Valid item labels for element results are: Principal stresses and direction cosines. Principal total strains (EPEL + EPPL + EPCR) and direction cosines. Principal elastic strains and direction cosines. Principal plastic strains and direction cosines. Principal creep strains and direction cosines. Principal thermal strains and direction cosines. Thermal gradient vector sum and direction cosines. Thermal flux vector sum and direction cosines. Pressure gradient vector sum and direction cosines. Electric field vector sum and direction cosines. Electric flux density vector sum and direction cosines. Magnetic field intensity vector sum and direction cosines. If Lab2 is blank, then Item is interpreted as one of the predefined labels. Otherwise, Item is interpreted as a userdefined ET label and ANSYS will request a non-blank Lab2/ Lab3 according to the dimension of the problem. Magnetic flux density vector sum and direction cosines. Magnetic force vector sum and direction cosines. Poynting vector sum and direction cosines. Source current density (coupled-field calculation) in the global Cartesian coordinate system. Total current density
Menu Paths
Main Menu>General Postproc>List Results>Vector Data Utility Menu>List>Results>Vector Data
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P Commands Prev PRVAROPT Prev PSCR P Commands
Page 205 of 240 Next PSCR Next
PSCR
Name
PSCR, Kywrd, KEY Specifies various PostScript options. group: GRAPHICS:Set Up product: MP ME ST DY PR EM FL PP ED
If Kywrd = CMAP, command format is PSCR,CMAP, INDEX,IRED,IGRN,IBLU.
INDEX
Color map index (0 to 15, 128 to 255).

IRED
Red intensity (0 to 100).

IGRN
Green intensity (0 to 100).

IBLU
Blue intensity (0 to 100). If Kywrd = LWID, command format is PSCR,LWID, KYLWID.

KYLWID
Line width factor (1 to 99, initially 3). If Kywrd = COLOR, command format is PSCR,COLOR,KEY.
KEY
Color key: 0 -Monochrome. file://D:\Documents%20and%20Settings\Administrator\Local%20Settings\Temp\~hh... 20.05.2004
P Commands 1 -16 colors. 2 -256+ colors. 3 -Shaded monochrome. If Kywrd = TRANX, command format is PSCR,TRANX,OFFSET.
OFFSET
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X translational offset (initially 592). If Kywrd = TRANY, command format is PSCR,TRANY,OFFSET.

OFFSET
Y translational offset (initially 25). If Kywrd = ROTATE, command format is PSCR,ROTATE,ANGLE.

ANGLE
Rotation angle in degrees (initially 90.0). If Kywrd = SCALE, command format is PSCR,SCALE,SCALE.
SCALE
Scale factor (initially 0.238). If Kywrd = TIFF, command format is PSCR,TIFF, KEY. Used to add a Tagged Image File Format (TIFF) bitmap preview image to the encapsulated PostScript file.
KEY
Preview image key: 0 -Do not include TIFF bitmap preview image. 1 -Include wireframe TIFF bitmap preview image. 2 -Include shaded TIFF bitmap preview image. file://D:\Documents%20and%20Settings\Administrator\Local%20Settings\Temp\~hh... 20.05.2004
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If Kywrd = EPSI, command format is PSCR,EPSI, KEY. Used to add an Encapsulated PostScript Interchange (EPSI) format bitmap preview image to the encapsulated PostScript file.
KEY
Preview image key: 0 -Do not include EPSI bitmap preview image. 1 -Include wireframe EPSI bitmap preview image. 2 -Include shaded EPSI bitmap preview image. If Kywrd = PAPER, command format is PSCR,PAPER, SIZE,ORIENT.
SIZE
Standard paper sizes, A, B, C, D, E, A4, A3, A1, A0.

ORIENT
Paper orientation, either Landscape or Portrait. If Kywrd = HIRES, command format is PSCR,HIRES,KEY. Used to select the output resolution.
KEY
Output resolution key: 0 -High resolution graphics off. The image is exported as a bitmap. 1 -High resolution graphics on. The image will be exported in polygon mode (/TYPE, , 4 precise hidden) for maximum printer resolution.
Notes
This command is available in both the ANSYS and DISPLAY programs. It is valid for postscript format files chosen in ANSYS with the /SHOW,PSCR command, or in DISPLAY with /SHOWDISP ,POSTSCRIPT. An output file is generated for each plot. The ANSYS file is named JobnameNN.pscr. In the DISPLAY program, this file is named PSCRnn. This file remains open for a subsequent /NOERASE plot, and will be incomplete until the program is closed (/EXIT ), or until the next file is opened by the next/ERASE plot request.
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Menu Paths
Utility Menu>PlotCtrls>Redirect Plots>To PSCR File
Prev PRVECT Prev PSDCOM P Commands
Next PSDCOM Next
PSDCOM
Name
PSDCOM, SIGNIF, COMODE Specifies the power spectral density mode combination method. group: SOLUTION:Spectrum Options product: MP ME ST PP ED
SIGNIF
Combine only those modes whose significance level exceeds theSIGNIF threshold. For PSD response (SPOPT ,PSD), the significance level is defined as the modal covariance matrix term, divided by the maximum modal covariance matrix term. Any term whose significance level is less than SIGNIF is considered insignificant and is not contributed to the mode combinations. The higher the SIGNIF threshold, the fewer the number of terms used. SIGNIF defaults to 0.0001. If SIGNIF is specified as 0.0, it is taken as 0.0.
COMODE
First COMODE number of modes to be actually combined. COMODE must always be less than or equal to NMODE (input quantity NMODE on the SPOPT command). COMODE defaults to NMODE. COMODE performs a second level of control for the first sequential COMODE number of modes to be combined. It uses the significance level threshold indicated by SIGNIF and operates only on the significant modes.
Notes
This command is also valid for PREP7. This command is valid only for SPOPT ,PSD.
PSDCOM is not allowed in ANSYS/Professional.
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Menu Paths
Prev PSCR Prev PSDFRQ P Commands
Next PSDFRQ Next
PSDFRQ
Name
PSDFRQ, TBLNO1, TBLNO2, FREQ1, FREQ2, FREQ3, FREQ4, FREQ5, FREQ6, FREQ7 Defines the frequency points for the input spectrum vs. FREQ tables of PSD and multi-point spectrum analyses. group: SOLUTION:Spectrum Options product: MP ME ST PP ED
TBLNO1
Input table number. When used with the COVAL or the QDVAL command, TBLNO1 represents the row number of this table.
TBLNO2
Input table number. TBLNO2 is used only for the COVAL or the QDVAL commands and represents the column number of this table.
FREQ1, FREQ2, FREQ3, FREQ4, FREQ5, FREQ6, FREQ7
Frequency points (cycles/time) for spectrum vs. frequency tables. FREQ1 should be greater than zero, and values must be in ascending order. Log-log interpolation will be used between frequency points.
Notes
The spectrum values may be input with the PSDVAL (for SPOPT ,PSD and SPOPT ,MPRS), COVAL (for SPOPT,PSD only), or QDVAL (for SPOPT,PSD only) commands. A separate PSDFRQ command must be used for each table and cross table defined. Frequencies must be in ascending order. Repeat PSDFRQ command for additional frequency points (50 maximum). Values are added after file://D:\Documents%20and%20Settings\Administrator\Local%20Settings\Temp\~hh... 20.05.2004
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the last nonzero frequency. If all fields after PSDFRQ are blank, all input vs. frequency tables are erased. If TBLNO1 is nonblank, all corresponding PSDVAL tables are erased. If both TBLNO1 and TBLNO2 are nonblank, all corresponding COVAL and QDVAL tables are erased. This command is also valid in PREP7.
Menu Paths
Main Menu>Preprocessor>Loads>Spectrum>Correlation>Cospectral Main Menu>Preprocessor>Loads>Spectrum>Correlation>Erase Co & Quad Main Menu>Preprocessor>Loads>Spectrum>Correlation>Quadspectral Main Menu>Preprocessor>Loads>Spectrum>Erase Tables Main Menu>Preprocessor>Loads>Spectrum>PSD vs Freq Main Menu>Preprocessor>Loads>Spectrum>Spect vs Freq Main Menu>Solution>Spectrum>Correlation>Cospectral Main Menu>Solution>Spectrum>Correlation>Erase Co & Quad Main Menu>Solution>Spectrum>Correlation>Quadspectral Main Menu>Solution>Spectrum>Erase Tables Main Menu>Solution>Spectrum>PSD vs Freq Main Menu>Solution>Spectrum>Spect vs Freq
Prev PSDCOM Prev PSDGRAPH P Commands
Next PSDGRAPH Next
PSDGRAPH
Name
PSDGRAPH, TBLNO1, TBLNO2 Displays input PSD curves group: SOLUTION:Spectrum Options product: MP ME ST PP ED
TBLNO1
PSD table number to display.

TBLNO2
Second PSD table number to display. TBLNO2 is used only in conjunction with the COVAL or
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P Commands the QDVAL commands.
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Notes
The input PSD tables are displayed in log-log format as dotted lines. The best-fit curves, used to perform the closed-form integration, are displayed as solid lines. If there is a significant discrepancy between the two, then you should add one or more intermediate points to the table to obtain a better fit. If TBLNO2 is zero, blank, or equal to TBLNO1, then the autospectra (PSDVAL) are displayed for TBLNO1. If TBLNO2 is also specified, then the autospectra for TBLNO1 and TBLNO2 are displayed, along with the corresponding cospectra (COVAL) and quadspectra (QDVAL), if they are defined. This command is valid in any processor.
Menu Paths
Main Menu>Preprocessor>Loads>Spectrum>Graph PSD Tab Main Menu>Solution>Spectrum>Graph PSD Tab
Prev PSDFRQ Prev PSDRES P Commands
Next PSDRES Next
PSDRES
Name
PSDRES, Lab, RelKey Controls solution output written to the results file from a PSD analysis. group: SOLUTION:Spectrum Options product: MP ME ST PP ED
Lab
Label identifying the solution output: DISP -Displacement solution (default). One-sigma displacements, stresses, forces, etc. Written as load step 3 on File.RST. VELO --
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Velocity solution. One-sigma velocities, "stress velocities," "force velocities," etc. Written as load step 4 of File.RST. ACEL -Acceleration solution. One-sigma accelerations, "stress accelerations," "force accelerations, etc. Written as load step 5 on File.RST.
RelKey
Key defining relative or absolute calculations: REL -Calculations are relative to the base excitation (default). ABS -Calculations are absolute. OFF -No calculation of solution output identified by Lab.
Command Default
Relative displacement solution, no velocity or acceleration solution for 1 results.
Notes
Controls the amount and form of solution output written to the results file from a PSD analysis. Onesigma values of the relative or absolute displacement solution, relative or absolute velocity solution, relative or absolute acceleration solution, or any combination may be included on the results file. This command is also valid in PREP7.
Menu Paths
Main Menu>Preprocessor>Loads>Spectrum>Calc Controls Main Menu>Solution>Spectrum>Calc Controls
Prev PSDGRAPH Prev PSDSPL P Commands
Next PSDSPL Next
PSDSPL
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Name
PSDSPL , TBLNO, RMIN, RMAX Defines a partially correlated excitation in a PSD analysis. group: SOLUTION:Spectrum Options product: MP ME ST PP ED
TBLNO
Input PSD table number defined with PSDVAL command.

RMIN
Minimum distance between excitation points which are partially correlated. Excited nodes closer than RMIN will be fully correlated.
RMAX
Maximum distance between excitation points which are partially correlated. Excited nodes farther apart than RMAX will be uncorrelated.
Notes
Defines a partially correlated excitation in terms of a sphere of influence relating excitation point geometry (in a PSD analysis). If the distance between any two excitation points is less than RMIN, then the excitation is fully correlated. If the distance is greater than RMAX, then the excitation is uncorrelated. If the distance lies between RMIN and RMAX, then the excitation is partially correlated with the degree of correlation dependent on the separation distance between the points. This command is not available for a pressure PSD analysis. This command is also valid in PREP7.
Menu Paths
Main Menu>Preprocessor>Loads>Spectrum>Correlation>Spatial Correlat Main Menu>Solution>Spectrum>Correlation>Spatial Correlat
Prev PSDRES Prev PSDUNIT P Commands
Next PSDUNIT Next
PSDUNIT
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Name
PSDUNIT, TBLNO, Type, GVALUE Defines the type of PSD or multi-point response spectrum. group: SOLUTION:Spectrum Options product: MP ME ST PP ED
TBLNO
Input table number.

Type
Label identifying the type of spectrum: DISP -Displacement spectrum (in terms of displacement 2/Hz for PSD). VELO -Velocity spectrum (in terms of velocity 2 /Hz for PSD). ACEL -Acceleration spectrum (in terms of acceleration2 /Hz for PSD). ACCG -Acceleration spectrum (in terms of g2 /Hz for PSD). FORC -Force spectrum (in terms of force 2/Hz for PSD). PRES -Pressure spectrum (in terms of pressure 2 /Hz for PSD).
GVALUE
Value of acceleration due to gravity in any arbitrary units for ACCG PSD table. Default is 386.4 in/sec2 .
Command Default
Acceleration (ACEL) spectrum (acceleration2 /Hz).
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Notes
Defines the type of PSD or multi-point response spectrum defined by the PSDVAL, COVAL, and QDVAL commands. Force (FORC) and pressure (PRES) type spectra can be used only as a nodal excitation. is valid only when type ACCG is specified. A zero or negative value cannot be used. A parameter substitution can also be performed.
GVALUE
Menu Paths
Main Menu>Preprocessor>Loads>Spectrum>Settings Main Menu>Solution>Spectrum>Settings
Prev PSDSPL Prev PSDVAL P Commands
Next PSDVAL Next
PSDVAL
Name
PSDVAL, TBLNO, SV1, SV2, SV3, SV4, SV5, SV6, SV7 Defines PSD or multi-point response spectrum values. group: SOLUTION:Spectrum Options product: MP ME ST PP ED
TBLNO
Input table number being defined.

Spectral values corresponding to the frequency points [PSDFRQ]. Values are interpreted as defined with the PSDUNIT command.
Notes
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Defines PSD or multi-point response spectrum values to be associated with the previously defined frequency points. Repeat PSDVAL command for additional values, up to the number of frequency points [PSDFRQ]. Values are added after the last nonzero frequency. This command is also valid in PREP7.
Menu Paths
Main Menu>Preprocessor>Loads>Spectrum>PSD vs Freq Main Menu>Preprocessor>Loads>Spectrum>Spect vs Freq Main Menu>Solution>Spectrum>PSD vs Freq Main Menu>Solution>Spectrum>Spect vs Freq
Prev PSDUNIT Prev PSDWAV P Commands
Next PSDWAV Next
PSDWAV
Name
PSDWAV, TBLNO, VX, VY, VZ Defines a wave propagation excitation in a PSD analysis. group: SOLUTION:Spectrum Options product: MP ME ST PP ED
TBLNO
Input PSD table number defined with PSDVAL command.

VX
Global Cartesian X-velocity of traveling wave.

VY
Global Cartesian Y-velocity of traveling wave.

VZ
Global Cartesian Z-velocity of traveling wave.
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Notes
Defines a traveling wave in a PSD analysis. This command is not available for a pressure PSD analysis. This command is also valid in PREP7.
Menu Paths
Main Menu>Preprocessor>Loads>Spectrum>Correlation>Traveling Wave Main Menu>Solution>Spectrum>Correlation>Traveling Wave
Prev PSDVAL Prev /PSEARCH P Commands
Next /PSEARCH Next
/PSEARCH
Name
/PSEARCH, Pname Specifies a directory to be searched for "unknown command" macro files. group: APDL:Macro Files product: MP ME ST DY PR EM FL PP ED
Pname
Path name (64 characters maximum, and must include the final delimiter) of the middle directory to be searched. Defaults to the user home directory. If Pname = OFF, search only the ANSYS and current working directories. If Pname = STAT, list the current middle directory and show the ANSYS_MACROLIB setting.
Command Default
The middle directory searched is the user home directory.
Notes
Specifies the pathname of a directory for file searches when reading "unknown command" macro files. The search for the files is typically from the ANSYS directory, then from the user home directory, and then from the current working directory. This command allows the middle directory searched to be other than the user home directory.
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Menu Paths
Utility Menu>Macro>Macro Search Path
Prev PSDWAV Prev PSEL P Commands
Next PSEL Next
PSEL
Name
PSEL, Type, Pname1, Pname2, Pname3, Pname4, Pname5, Pname6, Pname7, Pname8, Pname9, Pname10 Selects a path or paths. group: POST1:Path Operations product: MP ME ST DY PR EM FL PP ED
Type
Label identifying the type of select: S -Select a new path. R -Reselect a path from the current set of paths. A -Additionally select a path and extend the current set of paths. U -Unselect a path from the current set of paths. ALL -Restore the full set of paths. NONE -file://D:\Documents%20and%20Settings\Administrator\Local%20Settings\Temp\~hh... 20.05.2004
P Commands Unselect the full set of paths. INV --
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Invert the current set of paths (selected becomes unselected and vice versa).
Pname1, Pname2, Pname3, Pname4, Pname5, Pname6, Pname7, Pname8, Pname9, Pname10
Name of existing path(s).
Notes
Selects a path or multiple paths, up to ten. Data are flagged as selected and unselected; no data are actually deleted from the database. There is no default for this command; you must specify a type and pathname.
Menu Paths
Main Menu>General Postproc>Path Operations>Archive Path>Paths in file
Prev /PSEARCH Prev /PSF P Commands
Next /PSF Next
/PSF
Name
/PSF, Item, Comp, KEY, KSHELL, Color Shows surface load symbols on model displays. group: GRAPHICS:Labeling product: MP ME ST DY PR EM FL PP ED
Item, Comp
Labels identifying the surface load to be shown; see PSF - Valid Item and Component Labels.
KEY
Key to turn surface load symbols on or off: 0 -Off (default).
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On, shown as face outlines. Line surface loads [SFL] on solid model plots are shown as arrows. 2 -On, shown as arrows. 3 -On, shown as color filled surfaces. Line and area surface loads [SFL and SFA] on solid model plots are shown as arrows.
KSHELL
Visibility key for shell elements. 0 -Off (default), surface load symbols are displayed only on visible load faces. 1 -On, surface load symbols are displayed even if load face is not visible.
Color
Visibility key for contour legend. ON -The symbols (arrows or face outlines) will show up in color with the legend showing the corresponding color labels (default). OFF -The contour legend will not be displayed. The symbols (arrows or face outlines) will show up in grey. The size of the arrows will be proportional to the applied load.
Command Default
No surface load symbols are displayed.
Notes
This command determines whether and how to show surface loads on subsequent model displays. If surface loads are applied to solid model entities, only solid model plots will show the load symbols; node and element plots will not show them unless the loads are transferred [SFTRAN or SBCTRAN]. Similarly, if surface loads are applied to nodes and elements, solid model plots will not show the load symbols. For node and element plots of shell element models, the surface load symbols will be shown only if the load face is visible from the current viewing direction. When you use the Radiosity method ( Item = RDSF and Comp = ENCL) and you set Key = 2, the radiation arrows point outward from any element face. file://D:\Documents%20and%20Settings\Administrator\Local%20Settings\Temp\~hh... 20.05.2004
P Commands
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Issue /PSF,STAT to display current /PSF settings, and /PSF,DEFA to reset them back to default. Other useful commands are /PNUM,SVAL,1 to show the values of the surface loads, /VSCALE to change arrow lengths, and /PBC and /PBF to turn on other load symbols. For BEAM elements, only the colors representing shear (GREEN) and normal (RED) pressures are displayed for the arrows. The color of these arrows does not correspond to the magnitudes in the contour legend. The length of these arrows does, however, correlate to the relative magnitude of the pressures. This command is valid in any processor. PSF - Valid Item and Component Labels Item Comp Description Valid item and component labels are: Applied structural pressure (normal to the face). Applied structural pressure (in the tangential-x direction). Applied structural pressure (in the tangential-y direction). Applied convection (film coefficient). Applied convection (bulk temperature). Applied radiation (emissivity). Applied radiation (ambient temperature). Radiation emissivity. Enclosure number. Volume fraction (VOF method). Applied heat flux. Acoustic fluid-structure interface flag. Applied acoustic impedance. Applied conductivity. Applied relative permeability. Maxwell force flag. Exterior surface flag. Applied electric surface charge density. Magnetic circuit interface.
PRES NORM " TANX " TANY CONV HCOEF " TBULK RAD EMIS " TAMB RDSF EMIS ENCL VFRC HFLUX FSI IMPD SHLD COND " MUR MXWF INF CHRGS MCI
Menu Paths
Prev PSEL Prev PSMESH P Commands
Next PSMESH Next
PSMESH
P Commands
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Name
PSMESH, SECID, Name, P0, Egroup, NUM, KCN ,KDIR, VALUE, NDPLANE, PSTOL, PSTYPE, ECOMP, NCOMP Create and mesh a pretension section group: PREP7:Meshing product: MP ME ST PP ED
SECID
Unique section number. This number must not already be assigned to a section.
Name
Unique eight character descriptive name, if desired.

P0
Pretension node number. The node will be defined if it doesn't exist and the number defaults to the highest node number plus one.
Egroup, NUM
Element group on which PSMESH will operate. If Egroup = P, graphical picking is enabled and NUM is ignored (valid only in the GUI). A (or AREA) -PSMESH operates on all elements in the area specified by NUM. New pretension nodes are associated with NUM or entities below it. Any subsequent ACLEAR of NUM deletes the pretension elements and nodes created by PSMESH. V (or VOLU) -PSMESH operates on all elements in the volume specified by NUM. New pretension nodes are associated with NUM or entities below it. Any subsequent VCLEAR of NUM deletes the pretension elements and nodes created by PSMESH. P -PSMESH operates on elements selected through the subsequent picking operations, and NUM is ignored ALL -The command operates on all selected elements, and NUM is ignored.
KCN
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P Commands Coordinate system number for the separation surface and normal direction.
KDIR
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Direction (x, y, or z) normal to separation surface in the KCN coordinate system.

VALUE
Point along the KDIR axis at which to locate the separation surface. Ignored if NDPLANE is supplied.
NDPLANE
Existing node that PSMESH will use to locate the separation surface. If NDPLANE is supplied, the location of the separation surface is defined by the KDIR coordinate of NDPLANE.
PSTOL
Optional tolerance about VALUE. Allows nodes occurring slightly above or below the separation to be grouped properly.
PSTYPE
If supplied, TYPE is the type number for pretension elements (ANSYS will define one if it's not supplied). If already defined, it must be of type PRETS179.
ECOMP
If supplied, name of a component to be composed of new pretension elements and existing elements modified by the PSMESH command.
NCOMP
Name of a component to be composed of nodes on new pretension elements.
Notes
PSMESH creates a pretension section normal to the pretension load direction by cutting the mesh along existing element boundaries at the point defined by VALUE or NDPLANE and inserting PRETS179 elements. PSMESH will verify that TYPE is PRETS179. If it is not, PSMESH will find the lowest available ITYPE that is PRETS179, or if necessary will create a new one. If the elements to which the pretension load is to be applied have already been meshed in two groups, PSMESH cannot be used to insert the pretension elements. The EINTF command must be used to insert the PRETS179 elements between the two meshed groups. This command is valid for structural analyses only.
Menu Paths
Main Menu>Preprocessor>Create>Elements>Pretensn Mesh>Elements in Area
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P Commands
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Main Menu>Preprocessor>Create>Elements>Pretensn Mesh>Elements in Line Main Menu>Preprocessor>Create>Elements>Pretensn Mesh>Elements in Volu Main Menu>Preprocessor>Create>Elements>Pretensn Mesh>Picked Elements Main Menu>Preprocessor>Create>Elements>Pretensn Mesh>Selected Element Main Menu>Preprocessor>Create>Elements>Pretensn Mesh>With Options>Elements in Area Main Menu>Preprocessor>Create>Elements>Pretensn Mesh>With Options>Elements in Line Main Menu>Preprocessor>Create>Elements>Pretensn Mesh>With Options>Elements in Volu Main Menu>Preprocessor>Create>Elements>Pretensn Mesh>With Options>Picked Elements Main Menu>Preprocessor>Create>Elements>Pretensn Mesh>With Options>Selected Element Main Menu>Preprocessor>Sections>Pretensn Mesh>Elements in Area Main Menu>Preprocessor>Sections>Pretensn Mesh>Elements in Line Main Menu>Preprocessor>Sections>Pretensn Mesh>Elements in Volu Main Menu>Preprocessor>Sections>Pretensn Mesh>Picked Elements Main Menu>Preprocessor>Sections>Pretensn Mesh>Selected Element Main Menu>Preprocessor>Sections>Pretensn Mesh>With Options>Elements in Area Main Menu>Preprocessor>Sections>Pretensn Mesh>With Options>Elements in Line Main Menu>Preprocessor>Sections>Pretensn Mesh>With Options>Elements in Volu Main Menu>Preprocessor>Sections>Pretensn Mesh>With Options>Picked Elements Main Menu>Preprocessor>Sections>Pretensn Mesh>With Options>Selected Element
Prev /PSF Prev PSOLVE P Commands
Next PSOLVE Next
PSOLVE
Name
PSOLVE, Lab Directs the program to perform a partial solution. group: SOLUTION:Analysis Options product: MP ME ST PP ED
Lab
Valid labels defining the solution step. All characters are required: CGSOL -Calculates the DOF solution using the Jacobi conjugate gradient solver. Requires File.FULL. Displacements are updated.
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P Commands EIGDAMP --
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Calculates the eigenvalues and eigenvectors using the damped eigensolver. Requires File.FULL from MODOPT,UNSYM or MODOPT,DAMP options. Produces File.MODE. EIGEXP -Expands the eigenvector solution. Requires File.MODE. Produces File.RST. EIGFULL -Calculates the eigenvalues and eigenvectors using full subspace. Requires File.FULL from MODOPT,SUBSP option. Produces File.MODE. EIGLANB -Calculates the eigenvalues and eigenvectors using Block Lanczos. Requires File.FULL from MODOPT,LANB option. Produces File.MODE. EIGREDUC -Calculates the eigenvalues and eigenvectors using Householder. Requires File.REDM. Produces File.MODE. EIGUNSYM -Calculates the eigenvalues and eigenvectors using the unsymmetric eigensolver. Requires File.FULL from MODOPT,UNSYM or MODOPT,DAMP options. Produces File.MODE. ELFORM -Creates the element matrices. Requires (if PSTRES, ON) File.EMAT and File.ESAV. Produces File.EMAT and File.ESAV. ELPREP -Modifies element matrices for solution and calculates inertia relief terms (IRLF). Requires File.EMAT. Produces File.EROT. REDWRITE -Writes the reduced matrix to a file. Requires File.REDM. Produces File.SUB. TRIANG -Triangularizes the matrices completely (or to the master degrees of freedom, if appropriate). Requires File.EMAT. Produces File.TRI (and File.REDM or File.FULL, if appropriate).
Notes
P Commands
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Directs the program to perform a partial solution (that is, one step of an analysis sequence). Predefined analysis types (ANTYPE) perform a defined subset of these solution steps in a predefined sequence. You can use the partial solution procedure to repeat a certain step of an analysis or to restart an analysis. Not all steps are valid for all analysis types. The order of the steps may vary depending on the result you desire. See the ANSYS Basic Analysis Guide for a description of how to perform partial and predefined solutions. Issue a PSOLVE series of commands in a single loadstep. The SOLVE command (which executes the PSOLVE loadstep) should appear in a separate loadstep, as shown in this example:
/solu psolve,elform psolve,elprep psolve,triang fini /solu kuse,1 solve fini
If issuing PSOLVE,ELFORM and PSOLVE,ELPREP using the Jacobi Conjugate Gradient solver, do so only after issuing PSOLVE,CGSOL; otherwise, unpredictable results may occur. Although documented to work, using the PSOLVE commands with an iterative solver is not likely to decrease solution-processing time. If File.EMAT is required (ELFORM with PSTRES,ON; ELPREP; or TRIANG), run the prior analysis with EMATWRITE,YES to ensure that a File.EMAT is generated.
Menu Paths
Main Menu>Solution>Partial Solu
Prev PSMESH Prev PSPEC P Commands
Next PSPEC Next
PSPEC
Name
PSPEC, MAT, DNOM, SCHED, OD, TK Defines pipe material and dimensions. group: PREP7:Piping product: MP ME ST PR PP ED
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P Commands
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MAT
Material number referring to a material property [MP]. Material number must be between 1 and 40.
DNOM, SCHED
Nominal diameter of pipe and schedule rating. Only valid ratings accepted. If these are specified, the OD and TK values are found from an internal table. Valid values for DNOM are: 1, 1.5, 2, 2.5, 3, 3.5, 4, 5, 6, 8, 10, 12, 14, 16, 18, 20, 22, 24, 26, 28, 30, 32, 34, and 36. Valid ratings for SCHED are: 5, 5S, 10, 10S, 20, 30, 40, 40S, 60, 80 80S, 100, 120, 140, 160, XS, XXS, and STD.
OD
Outer diameter of pipe (if DNOM not specified). If both DNOM and OD are not specified, OD and TK retain their previous values.
TK
Wall thickness of pipe (if OD specified).
Notes
Defines pipe material and dimensions. See the PREP7 RUN command.
Menu Paths
Prev PSOLVE Prev /PSPEC P Commands
Next /PSPEC Next
/PSPEC
Name
/PSPEC, PCOLOR, KFILL, KBORDR Creates annotation polygon attributes (GUI). group: GRAPHICS:Annotation
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PCOLOR
Polygon color (0 0 -Black. 1 -Red-Magenta. 2 -Magenta. 3 --
PCOLOR
15):
Blue-Magenta. 4 -Blue. 5 -Cyan-Blue. 6 -Cyan. 7 -Green-Cyan. 8 -Green. 9 -Yellow-Green. 10 -Yellow. 11 --
20.05.2004
P Commands Orange. 12 -Red. 13 -Dark Gray. 14 -Light Gray. 15 -White.

KFILL
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Polygon fill key: 0 -Hollow polygon. 1 -Filled polygon.

KBORDR
Polygon border key: 0 -No border. 1 -Border.
Notes
Creates annotation polygon attributes to control certain characteristics of the polygons created via the /POLYGON, /PMORE, /PCIRCLE and /PWEDGE commands. This is a command generated by the Graphical User Interface (GUI) and will appear in the log file ( Jobname.LOG) if annotation is used. This command is not intended to be typed in directly in an ANSYS session (although it can be included in an input file for batch input or for use with the /INPUT command). This command is valid in any processor.
Menu Paths
20.05.2004
P Commands Utility Menu>PlotCtrls>Annotation>Create Annotation
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Prev PSPEC Prev PSPRNG P Commands
Next PSPRNG Next
PSPRNG
Name
PSPRNG, NLOC, TYPE, K, DX, DY, DZ, ELEM Defines a spring constraint in a piping run. group: PREP7:Piping product: MP ME ST PR PP ED
NLOC
Node where spring is to be placed. Defaults to current run starting point.

TYPE
Type of spring: TRAN -Translational (default). ROT -Rotational.

K
Spring constant value (must be positive).

DX, DY, DZ
Increment (in terms of the active coordinate system components) to determine spring ground point. Spring length must not be zero. Constraints are automatically generated at the ground point.
ELEM
Element number to be assigned to spring (defaults to the previous maximum element number (MAXEL + 1)).
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P Commands
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Notes
Defines a spring constraint (spring element COMBIN14) at a given location in a piping run. See the PREP7 RUN command.
Menu Paths
Main Menu>Preprocessor>Create>Piping Models>Spring Support
Prev /PSPEC Prev /PSTATUS P Commands
Next /PSTATUS Next
/PSTATUS
Name
/PSTATUS, WN Displays the global or window display specifications. group: GRAPHICS:Set Up product: MP ME ST DY PR EM FL PP ED
WN
Window number for status (defaults to global specifications).
Notes
Displays the current global or window display specifications. Global display specifications are common to all windows (e.g. /SHOW, etc.). Window display specifications are specific to one window (e.g. /VIEW , /TYPE, etc.). This command is valid in any processor.
Menu Paths
Utility Menu>List>Status>Graphics>General Utility Menu>List>Status>Graphics>Window 1 Utility Menu>List>Status>Graphics>Window 2 Utility Menu>List>Status>Graphics>Window 3 Utility Menu>List>Status>Graphics>Window 4
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P Commands Utility Menu>List>Status>Graphics>Window 5
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Prev PSPRNG Prev PSTRES P Commands
Next PSTRES Next
PSTRES
Name
PSTRES, Key Specifies whether prestress effects are to be included. group: SOLUTION:Nonlinear Options product: MP ME ST PR PP ED
Key
Prestress key: OFF -Do not calculate (or include) prestress effects (default). ON -Calculate (or include) prestress effects.
Notes
Specifies whether or not prestress effects are to be calculated or included. Prestress effects are calculated in a static or transient analysis for inclusion in a buckling, modal, harmonic (Method = FULL or REDUC), transient (Method = REDUC), or substructure generation analysis. (The SSTIF command also controls the generation of the stress stiffness matrix and therefore should not be used in conjunction with PSTRES.) If used in SOLUTION, this command is valid only within the first load step. This command is also valid in PREP7.
Menu Paths
20.05.2004
P Commands Prev /PSTATUS Prev /PSYMB P Commands
Page 233 of 240 Next /PSYMB Next
/PSYMB
Name
/PSYMB, Label, KEY Shows various symbols on displays. group: GRAPHICS:Labeling product: MP ME ST DY PR EM FL PP ED
Label
Show symbols as selected from the following labels: CS -Local coordinate systems. NDIR -Nodal coordinate systems (on rotated nodes only). ESYS -Element coordinate systems (element displays only). Not valid for use with CONTAC26. LDIR -Line directions (line displays only). LDIV -Controls the display of element divisions on lines. ADIR -Area direction symbol (for keypoint, line, area and volume plots). LAYR -Layer orientations (relative to the projected element x-axis). Used only with layered elements in an element display. Use KEY for layer number.
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P Commands PCON -Convergence criterion symbols on nodes (for a p-method analysis). ECON -Element mesh symbols on keypoints and lines. DOT --
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Larger symbols displayed for node and keypoint locations. When Label = DOT, KEY = 1 by default. XNOD -Extra node of surface or circuit elements. FBCS -Force boundary condition scaling. Subsequent KEY value determines whether or not to scale the applied and derived forces/moments to the same maximum value. DEFA -Resets the symbol keys so that ANSYS displays none of the symbols controlled by the /PSYMB command. The value of the KEY field is ignored. STAT -Prints the status of the settings of the symbol keys controlled by the /PSYMB command. The KEY field is ignored.
KEY
Symbol key: 0 -No symbol (default). If Label = LDIV, then KEY= 0 indicates that the displayed element divisions will correspond to the existing mesh (the word MESHED or EXISTING can also be substituted). Also, for Label = LDIV, if you execute any meshing command (such as AMESH or VMESH), KEY is set to 0 (MESHED) automatically. If Label = FBCS, then KEY= 0 indicates that boundary condition scaling will not be common. The applied and derived forces/moments will be scaled to their respective maximum values. 1 -Include symbol. If Label = LDIV, then KEY = 1 indicates that the displayed line divisions will correspond to the value assigned by LESIZE (the word LESIZE can also be substituted). Also, for Label = LDIV, if you execute the LESIZE command, KEY is set to 1 (LESIZE) automatically. If Label = FBCS, then KEY= 1 indicates that boundary conditon scaling will be common. The applied and derived forces/moments will be scaled to the same maximum value.
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P Commands
N
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-If Label = LAYR, then N is equal to the layer number. If Label = DOT, then N can be equal to 0,1,.....15, indicating the dot size. If Label = LDIV, then KEY = -1, indicates that no element divisions will be displayed (the word OFF can also be substituted).
Notes
Includes various symbols on the display. Triads are right-handed with x displayed as the longest leg. Where color is displayed, x is white, y is green, and z is blue. For beams, x is always along the length of the element. For lines, an arrow represents the direction of a line, from the beginning keypoint to the end keypoint. See /PLOPTS command for additional display options. Use /PSTAT or /PSYMB,STAT to display settings. Use /PSYMB,DEFA to reset all specifications back to their defaults. The command /PSYMB,ECON,1 causes the symbol "M" to be displayed on keypoints and lines associated with meshed entities. When you issue the command /PSYMB,DOT,1, a larger symbol is displayed for each node and keypoint location. PowerGraphics [/GRAPHICS,POWER] does not support /PSYMB,ESYS and /PSYMB,LAYR. If KEY = N and PowerGraphics is off, the centroid of the surface elements is connected to the extra node using a gray line. However, if PowerGraphics is on, the color of the line connecting the centroid to the extra node is the same as that for the elements themselves (as determined by /PNUM). This command is valid in any processor.
Menu Paths
Main Menu>Preprocessor>Move / Modify>To Surf Norm>with Area Main Menu>Preprocessor>Move / Modify>To Surf Norm>On Areas Main Menu>Preprocessor>Move / Modify>To Surf Norm>On Lines Main Menu>Preprocessor>Trefftz Domain>TZ Symmetry Utility Menu>PlotCtrls>Symbols
Prev PSTRES Prev PTEMP P Commands
Next PTEMP Next
PTEMP
Name
PTEMP, TOUT, TIN Defines the pipe wall temperatures in a piping run. group: PREP7:Piping
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P Commands product: MP ME ST PR PP ED
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TOUT
Outer pipe wall temperature. If NONE, reset temperature specification to none (BFUNIF will be assigned).
TIN
Inner pipe wall temperature (defaults to TOUT).
Command Default
Assign uniform temperature BFUNIF to elements.
Notes
Defines the pipe wall temperatures in a piping run. These temperatures are assigned to the elements as they are generated. See the PREP7 RUN command.
Menu Paths
Prev /PSYMB Prev PTXY P Commands
Next PTXY Next
PTXY
Name
PTXY, X1, Y1, X2, Y2, X3, Y3, X4, Y4 Defines coordinate pairs for use in polygons and prisms. group: PREP7:Primitives product: MP ME ST DY PR EM FL PP ED
X1, Y1, X2, Y2, X3, Y3, X4, Y4
X and Y coordinate pairs on the working plane.
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P Commands
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Notes
Defines coordinate pairs for use in polygons and prisms [POLY, RPRISM]. The coordinates must be in the Cartesian coordinate system. The coordinate pairs must be input in a continuous order. PTXY may be repeated (up to 100 pairs) until the required pairs have been defined. The pairs will be saved until either the POLY or PRISM command is entered. Use PTXY,STAT to list the saved coordinate pairs. Use PTXY,DELE to delete all the saved coordinate pairs. See the RPOLY, RPRISM, and RPR4 commands for other ways to create polygons and prisms.
Menu Paths
Prev PTEMP Prev PUNIT P Commands
Next PUNIT Next
PUNIT
Name
PUNIT, KOPT Selects the system of length units to be used in a piping run. group: PREP7:Piping product: MP ME ST PR PP ED
KOPT
Units key: 0 -Input units are consistent (no conversions are done) (default). FTIN or 1 -English units (feet A, inch B, fraction of inch C/D). Use A+B+C/D format for PDRAG, BRANCH, RUN, BEND, MITER , REDUCE, VALVE, BELLOW, FLANGE, PSPRNG, and PGAP commands. Precede by "-'' sign for negative coordinates. (Example: 5+6+7/16 for 5 ft. 6-7/16 in., +3 for 3 in., -0+3 for -3 in., +0+9/16 for 9/16 in.). The two signs should not be consecutive. A,B,C and D must be integers. Use B+C/D format for PSPEC, PINSUL, and PCORRO commands. (Example: 2 for 2 in., 3+1/2 for 3-1/2 in., +3/8 for 3/8 in.) file://D:\Documents%20and%20Settings\Administrator\Local%20Settings\Temp\~hh... 20.05.2004
P Commands METRIC or 2 --
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Metric units (meter A, centimeter B, fraction of cm C/D). Use as explained for English units. (Example: 5+6+7/10 for 5 m 6-7/10 cm with PDRAG command.)
Command Default
Input units are consistent (no conversions are done).
Notes
Selects the system of length units to be used for the piping commands. Mixed length units require a + sign to delimit (or position) the units in the system and are converted to the smallest unit of the system (inches or centimeters) upon input.
Note
This conversion is local only to pure length units of the piping commands listed. Other units and units for other commands must be input to be consistent with the smallest length unit of the system used.
Menu Paths
Prev PTXY Prev PVECT P Commands
Next PVECT Next
PVECT
Name
PVECT, Oper, LabXR, LabYR, LabZR Interpolates a set of items onto a path. group: POST1:Path Operations product: MP ME ST DY PR EM FL PP ED
Oper
Valid operations for geometry operations along a path are: NORM --
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P Commands
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Defines a unit normal vector at each interpolation point in the direction of the cross product of the tangent to the path and the active Z axis. Resulting vector components are in the active coordinate system (which must be Cartesian). TANG -Defines a unit vector tangent to the path at each interpolation point. Vector components are in the active coordinate system (which must be Cartesian). RADI -Defines the position vector of each interpolation point of the path from the center of the active coordinate system (which must be Cartesian).
LabXR
Label (8 characters maximum) assigned to X-component of the resulting vector.

LabYR
Label (8 characters maximum) assigned to Y-component of the resulting vector.

LabZR
Label (8 characters maximum) assigned to Z-component of the resulting vector.
Notes
Defines and interpolates a set of labeled path items along predefined path [PATH] and performs various geometric operations on these path items. A path item must be defined before it can be used with other path operations. Additional path items may be defined with the PDEF, PCALC, PDOT, and PCROSS commands. Path items may be listed or displayed with the PLPATH, PLPAGM, and PRPATH commands. Path geometry items (XG, YG, ZG, S) are automatically interpolated (in the active CSYS) if not done so previously with the PDEF command.
Menu Paths
Main Menu>General Postproc>Path Operations>Unit Vector
Prev PUNIT Prev /PWEDGE P Commands
Next /PWEDGE Next
/PWEDGE
Name
P Commands
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/PWEDGE , XCENTR, YCENTR, XLRAD, ANGLE1, ANGLE2 Creates an annotation wedge (GUI). group: GRAPHICS:Annotation product: MP ME ST DY PR EM FL PP ED
XCENTR
Wedge X center location (-1.0 < X < 2.0).

YCENTR
Wedge Y center location (-1.0 < Y < 1.0).

XLRAD
Wedge radius length.

ANGLE1
Starting angle of wedge.

ANGLE2
Ending angle of wedge. The wedge is drawn counterclockwise from the starting angle, ANGLE1, to the ending angle, ANGLE2.
Notes
Creates an annotation wedge to be written directly onto the display at a specified location. This is a command generated by the Graphical User Interface (GUI) and will appear in the log file (Jobname.LOG) if annotation is used. This command is not intended to be typed in directly in an ANSYS session (although it can be included in an input file for batch input or for use with the /INPUT command). All wedges are shown on subsequent displays unless the annotation is turned off or deleted. Use the /LSPEC and the /PSPEC command to set the attributes of the wedge. This command is valid in any processor.
Menu Paths
Prev PVECT
Next Q Commands
20.05.2004
Q Commands Q Commands ANSYS Commands Reference
Page 1 of 7
Prev
Next
Q Commands
Table of Contents QDVAL QFACT QSOPT QUAD /QUIT QUOT
Prev /PWEDGE Prev QDVAL Q Commands
Next QDVAL Next
QDVAL
Name
QDVAL, TBLNO1, TBLNO2, SV1, SV2, SV3, SV4, SV5, SV6, SV7 Defines PSD quadspectral values. group: SOLUTION:Spectrum Options product: MP ME ST PP ED
TBLNO1
First input PSD table number associated with this spectrum.

TBLNO2
Second input PSD table number associated with this spectrum.

PSD quadspectral values corresponding to the frequency points [PSDFRQ].
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Q Commands
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Notes
Defines PSD quadspectral values to be associated with the previously defined frequency points. Repeat QDVAL command with the same table number for additional points (50 maximum per curve). Unlike autospectra [PSDVAL], the quadspectra can be positive or negative. The quadspectral curve segment where there is a sign change is interpolated linearly (the rest of the curve segments use log-log interpolation). For better accuracy, choose as small a curve segment as possible wherever a sign change occurs. Two table numbers are required since values are off-diagonal terms. This command is valid for SPOPT ,PSD only. This command is also valid in PREP7.
Menu Paths
Main Menu>Preprocessor>Loads>Spectrum>Correlation>Quadspectral Main Menu>Solution>Spectrum>Correlation>Quadspectral
Prev Q Commands Prev QFACT Q Commands
Next QFACT Next
QFACT
Name
QFACT Calculates the quality factor for high-frequency electromagnetic resonators. group: POST1:Magnetics Calculations product: MP ME EM PP ED
Notes
The QFACT command macro calculates the quality factor for high-frequency electromagnetic resonators. It returns the quality factor as a scalar parameter, QFACT. To compute the quality factor, the macro uses the stored energy, surface losses, and dielectric losses. See magnetic macros for further details.
Menu Paths
Main Menu>General Postproc>Elec&Mag Calc>Q-factor
20.05.2004
Q Commands Prev QDVAL Prev QSOPT Q Commands
Page 3 of 7 Next QSOPT Next
QSOPT
Name
QSOPT, Opt Specifies quasi static radiation options. group: SOLUTION:Radiosity product: MP ME PR PP ED
Opt
Quasi static option: OFF -Do not run transient radiation problem to steady-state (default). ON -Run transient radiation problem to steady-state.
Menu Paths
Main Menu>Preprocessor>Loads>Time/Frequenc>Quasi-Static Main Menu>Solution>Time/Frequenc>Quasi-Static
Prev QFACT Prev QUAD Q Commands
Next QUAD Next
QUAD
Name
QUAD, NODE1, NINTR, NODE2, NFILL, NSTRT, NINC, PKFAC Generates a quadratic line of nodes from three nodes. file://D:\Documents%20and%20Settings\Administrator\Local%20Settings\Temp\~hh... 20.05.2004
Q Commands group: PREP7:Nodes product: MP ME ST DY PR EM FL PP ED
Page 4 of 7
NODE1
Begin fill-in from this node location. If NODE1 = P, graphical picking is enabled and all remaining command fields are ignored (valid only in the GUI).
NINTR
Intermediate or guiding node. Quadratic curve will pass through this location. NINTR may have any node number and any location. If the quadratic line also generates a node with number NINTR, the generated location overrides the previous NINTR location.
NODE2
End quadratic fill-in at this node location.

NFILL
Fill-in NFILL nodes between NODE1 and NODE2 (defaults to | NODE2-NODE1|-1). NFILL must be positive.
NSTRT
Node number assigned to first filled-in node (defaults to NODE1 + NINC).

NINC
Add this increment to each of the remaining filled-in node numbers (may be positive or negative). Defaults to ( NODE2-NODE1)/( NFILL + 1), i.e., linear interpolation.
PKFAC
Peak location factor. If PKFAC=0.5, the peak of the quadratic shape occurs at the NINTR location. If 0.0 < PKFAC < 0.5, the peak occurs to the NODE2 side of the NINTR location. If 0.5 < PKFAC < 1.0, the peak occurs to the NODE1 side of the NINTR location. Defaults to 0.5.
Notes
Generates a quadratic line of nodes (in the active coordinate system) from three nodes. The three nodes determine the plane of the curve and may have been defined in any coordinate system. Any number of nodes may be filled-in and any node number sequence may be assigned. The quadratic line feature uses three nodes ( NODE1,NINTR,NODE2) to determine the plane of the curve. The curve passes through the three points, beginning from NODE1, through the intermediate (or guiding) point NINTR, and toward NODE2. Generated nodes are also quadratically spaced. If the guiding node number is within the set being file://D:\Documents%20and%20Settings\Administrator\Local%20Settings\Temp\~hh... 20.05.2004
Q Commands generated, it will be relocated according to the quadratic spacing.
Page 5 of 7
The peak location factor is used to determine how the quadratic fits through the three points. Various nodal progressions can be obtained by different combinations of PKFAC and the guiding node location. If the guiding node is at mid-length between NODE1 and NODE2, 0.293 PKFAC<0.707 will ensure that all generated nodes fall within the NODE1,NODE2 bounds. In the limit, as PKFAC approaches 0.0, the peak approaches the line through NODE1 and NINTR at an infinite distance from NODE1. The QUAD command generates quadratic lines of nodes, which in turn may be used as a base line for generating irregular surfaces of nodes (by repeating [*REPEAT], generating [NGEN, NSCALE], etc.). Irregular surfaces may also be generated with the meshing commands.
Menu Paths
Main Menu>Preprocessor>Create>Nodes>Quadratic Fill
Prev QSOPT Prev /QUIT Q Commands
Next /QUIT Next
/QUIT
Name
/QUIT Exits a processor. group: SESSION:Processor Entry product: MP ME ST DY PR EM FL PP ED
Notes
This is an alternative to the FINISH command. If any cleanup or file writing is normally done by the FINISH command, it is bypassed if the /QUIT command is used instead. A new processor may be entered after this command. See the /EXIT command to terminate the run. This command is valid in any processor. This command is not valid at the Begin level.
Menu Paths
Prev QUAD QUOT
Next QUOT
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Q Commands Prev Q Commands
Page 6 of 7 Next
QUOT
Name
QUOT, IR, IA, IB, --, Name, --, --, FACTA, FACTB Divides two variables. group: POST26:Operations product: MP ME ST DY PR EM FL PP ED
IR
IA, IB
Reference numbers of the two variables to be operated on.

--
Unused field.
Name
--, --
Unused fields.
FACTA, FACTB
Notes
Divides two variables according to the operation:
IR
= (FACTA x IA)/( FACTB x IB)
Menu Paths
Q Commands Main Menu>TimeHist Postpro>Math Operations>Divide
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Prev /QUIT
Next R Commands
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R Commands R Commands ANSYS Commands Reference
Page 1 of 62
Prev
Next
R Commands
Table of Contents R RACE RADOPT RALL RAPPND RATE /RATIO RBE3 RCON RDELE REAL REALVAR RECTNG REDUCE REFLCOEF /RENAME REORDER *REPEAT /REPLOT RESCONTROL RESET /RESET RESP RESUME REXPORT RFILSZ RFORCE /RGB RIGID RIMPORT RITER RLIST RMEMRY RMODIF RMORE ROCK RPOLY RPR4 RPRISM RPSD RSFIT RSPEED RSPLOT
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R Commands RSPRNT RSSIMS RSTAT RSYS RTHICK RTIMST RUN /RUNST RWFRNT
Page 2 of 62
Prev QUOT Prev R R Commands
Next R Next
R
Name
R, NSET, R1, R2, R3, R4, R5, R6 Defines the element real constants. group: PREP7:Real Constants product: MP ME ST DY PR EM FL PP ED
NSET
Set identification number (arbitrary). If same as a previous set number, set is redefined. Set number relates to that defined with the element [REAL ]. Note that the GUI automatically sets this value.
R1, R2, R3, R4, R5, R6
Real constant values (interpreted as area, moment of inertia, thickness, etc., as required for the particular element type using this set), or table names for tabular input of boundary conditions. Use RMORE command if more than six real constants per set are to be input.
Notes
Defines the element real constants. The real constants required for an element are shown in Table 4.n.1 of each element description in the ANSYS Elements Reference. Constants must be input in the same order as shown in that table. If more than the required number of element real constants are specified in a set, only those required are used. If fewer than the required number are specified, zero values are assumed for the unspecified constants. If using table inputs (SURF151, SURF152, and FLUID116 only), enclose the table name in % signs
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R Commands (e.g., %tabname%).
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When copying real constants to new sets, ANSYS recommends that you use the command input. If you do use the GUI, restrict the real constant copy to only the first six real constants (real constants seven and greater will be incorrect for both the master and copy set). This command is also valid in SOLUTION.
Menu Paths
Main Menu>Preprocessor>Create>Circuit>Mechanical>Nonlin Rotary Main Menu>Preprocessor>Create>Circuit>Mechanical>Nonlin Trans Main Menu>Preprocessor>Create>Circuit>Mechanical>Mass Main Menu>Preprocessor>Create>Circuit>Piezoelectric>Piezo Transd Main Menu>Preprocessor>Create>Circuit>Transducer>ElecMech
Prev R Commands Prev RACE R Commands
Next RACE Next
RACE
Name
RACE, XC, YC, RAD, TCUR, DY, DZ, --, --, Cname Defines a "racetrack" current source. group: PREP7:Special Purpose product: MP ME ST DY EM PP ED
XC
Location of the mid-thickness of the vertical leg along the working plane X-axis.
YC
Location of the mid-thickness of the horizontal leg along the working plane Y-axis.
RAD
Radius of curvature of the mid-thickness of the curves in the racetrack source. Defaults to .501 * DY
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R Commands
TCUR
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Total current, amp-turns (MKS), flowing in the source.

DY
In-plane thickness of the racetrack source.

DZ
Out-of-plane thickness (depth) of the racetrack source.

--, --
Unused fields
Cname
An alphanumeric name assigned as a component name to the group of SOURC36 elements created by the command macro. Cname must be enclosed in single quotes in the RACE command line. Cname may be up to 8 characters, beginning with a letter and containing only letters, numbers, and underscores. Component names beginning with an underscore (e.g., _LOOP) are reserved for use by ANSYS and should be avoided. If blank, no component name is assigned.
Notes
RACE invokes an ANSYS macro which defines a "racetrack" current source in the working plane coordinate system. The current source is generated from bar and arc source primitives using the SOURC36 element (which is assigned the next available element type number). The macro is valid for use in three-dimensional magnetic field analysis using a scalar potential formulation. Current flows in a counter-clockwise direction with respect to the working plane. The diagram below shows you a racetrack current source.
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R Commands
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Menu Paths
Main Menu>Preprocessor>Create>Racetrack Coil Main Menu>Preprocessor>Loads>Apply>Excitation>Racetrack Coil Main Menu>Solution>Apply>Excitation>Racetrack Coil
Prev R Prev RADOPT R Commands
Next RADOPT Next
RADOPT
Name
RADOPT , FLUXRELX, FLUXTOL, SOLVER, MAXITER, TOLER, OVERRLEX Specifies Gauss-Seidel Radiosity Solver options. group: SOLUTION:Radiosity product: MP ME PR PP ED
FLUXRELX
Relaxation factor applied to the heat flux. Dafaults to 0.1.
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R Commands
FLUXTOL
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Convergence tolerance for radiation flux. Defaults to 0.1 for ANSYS Thermal radiation analysis and 0.0001 for FLOTRAN surface radiation analysis.
SOLVER
Choice of solver for radiosity calculation: 0 -Iterative solver (default). 1 -Direct solver.
MAXITR
Maximum number of iterations for iterative solver ( SOLVER = 1). Defaults to 1000.
TOLER
Convergence tolerance for the iterative solver ( SOLVER = 1). Defaults to 0.1.
OVERRELX
Over relaxation factor applied to the iterative solver ( SOLVER = 1). Defaults to 0.1.
Menu Paths
Main Menu>Preprocessor>Loads>Solution Opt Main Menu>Radiation Opt>Solution Opt Main Menu>Solution>Solution Opt
Prev RACE Prev RALL R Commands
Next RALL Next
RALL
Name
RALL Calculates solver statistics and run time estimates. group: RUNSTATS:Run Statistics Estimator
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R Commands product: MP ME ST PR EM FL PP ED
Page 7 of 62
Notes
Calculates solver statistics and estimates. The RALL command is a convenience command for obtaining all of the following: run time estimates [RTIMST], the wavefront statistics and memory requirements [RWFRNT], the file sizes estimates [RFILSZ], the memory statistics [RMEMRY], and the finite element model statistics [RSTAT].
Menu Paths
Main Menu>Run-Time Stats>All Statistics
Prev RADOPT Prev RAPPND R Commands
Next RAPPND Next
RAPPND
Name
RAPPND, LSTEP, TIME Appends results data from the database to the results file. group: POST1:Load Case Calculations product: MP ME ST DY PR EM FL PP ED
LSTEP
Load step number to be assigned to the results data set. If it is the same as an existing load step number on the results file, the appended load step will be inaccessible. Defaults to 1.
TIME
Time value to be assigned to the results data set. Defaults to 0.0. A time value greater than the last load step should be used.
Notes
This command is typically used to append the results from a load case combination to the results file. See the LCWRITE command to create a separate load case file. Only summable and constant data are written to the results file by default; non-summable data are not written unless requested (LCSUM command).
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R Commands
Page 8 of 62
Menu Paths
Main Menu>General Postproc>Write Results
Prev RALL Prev RATE R Commands
Next RATE Next
RATE
Name
RATE, Option Specifies whether the effect of creep strain rate will be used in the solution of a load step. group: SOLUTION:Analysis Options product: MP ME ST PP ED
Option
Turns implicit creep analysis on or off. 0 -(or OFF) Bypass creep analysis (default). 1 -(or ON) Perform creep analysis.
Command Default
ANSYS automatically turns implicit creep OFF.
Notes
You must set Option = ON to perform an implicit creep analysis (TB,CREEP with TBOPT 1). For viscoplasticity/creep analysis, specifies whether or not to include the creep calculation in the solution of a load step. If Option = ON, ANSYS performs the creep calculation. Set an appropriate time for solving the load step using TIME,TIME.
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R Commands
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This command works only when modeling implicit creep with either von Mises or Hill potentials. When modeling implicit creep with von Mises potential, you can use the following elements: LINK180, SHELL181, PLANE182, PLANE183, SOLID185, SOLID186, SOLID187, BEAM188, and BEAM189. When modeling anisotropic creep (TB,CREEP with TB,HILL), you can also use the following elements: PLANE42, SOLID45, PLANE82, SOLID92, SOLID95, LINK180, SHELL181, PLANE182, PLANE183, SOLID185, SOLID186, SOLID187, BEAM188, and BEAM189.
Menu Paths
Main Menu>Solution>Sol'n Controls>nonlinear
Prev RAPPND Prev /RATIO R Commands
Next /RATIO Next
/RATIO
Name
/RATIO, WN, RATOX, RATOY Distorts the object geometry. group: GRAPHICS:Scaling product: MP ME ST DY PR EM FL PP ED
WN

RATOX
Distort object in the window X direction by this factor (defaults to 1.0).

RATOY
Distort object in the window Y direction by this factor (defaults to 1.0).
Command Default
No distortion.
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Notes
Distorts the object geometry in a particular direction. An example of this command's use would be to allow long narrow sections to be distorted to a more square area for better display visualization. This command is valid in any processor.
Menu Paths
Prev RATE Prev RBE3 R Commands
Next RBE3 Next
RBE3
Name
RBE3, Master, DOF, Slaves, Wtfact Distributes the force/moment applied at the master node to a set of slave nodes, taking into account the geometry of the slave nodes as well as weighting factors. group: PREP7:Constraint Equations product: MP ME ST DY PR EM PP ED
Master
Node at which the force/moment to be distributed will be applied. This node must be associated with an element for the master node to be included in the DOF solution.
DOF
Refers to the master node degrees of freedom to be used in constraint equations. Valid labels are: UX, UY, UZ, ROTX, ROTY, ROTZ, UXYZ, RXYZ, ALL
Slaves
The name of an array parameter that contains a list of slave nodes. Must specify the starting index number. ALL can be used for currently selected set of nodes.
Wtfact
The name of an array parameter that contains a list of weighting factors corresponding to each
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R Commands
Page 11 of 62
slave node above. Must have the starting index number. If not specified, the weighting factor for each slave node defaults to 1.
Notes
The force is distributed to the slave nodes proportional to the weighting factors. The moment is distributed as forces to the slaves; these forces are proportional to the distance from the center of gravity of the slave nodes times the weighting factors. Only the translational degrees of freedom of the slave nodes are used for constructing the constraint equations. Constraint equations are converted to distributed forces/moments on the slave nodes during solution. This command is valid in any processor.
Menu Paths
Main Menu>Preprocessor>Coupling / Ceqn>Dist F/M at Mstr
Prev /RATIO Prev RCON R Commands
Next RCON Next
RCON
Name
RCON Specifies "Real constants" as the subsequent status topic. group: PREP7:Status product: MP ME ST DY PR EM FL PP ED
Notes
Menu Paths
Utility Menu>List>Status>Preprocessor>Real Constants
Prev
Next
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R Commands RBE3 Prev RDELE R Commands
Page 12 of 62 RDELE Next
RDELE
Name
RDELE, NSET1, NSET2, NINC Deletes real constant sets. group: PREP7:Real Constants product: MP ME ST DY PR EM FL PP ED
NSET1, NSET2, NINC
Delete real constant sets from NSET1 to NSET2 (defaults to NSET1) in steps of NINC (defaults to 1). If NSET1 = ALL, ignore NSET2 and NINC and all real constant sets are deleted.
Notes
Deletes real constant sets defined with the R command. This command is also valid in SOLUTION.
Menu Paths
Main Menu>Preprocessor>Loads>Other>Real Constants>Add/Edit/Delete Main Menu>Preprocessor>Real Constants>Add/Edit/Delete Main Menu>Preprocessor>Real Constants Main Menu>Solution>Other>Real Constants>Add/Edit/Delete
Prev RCON Prev REAL R Commands
Next REAL Next
REAL
Name
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R Commands REAL, NSET Sets the element real constant set attribute pointer. group: PREP7:Meshing PREP7:Elements product: MP ME ST DY PR EM FL PP ED
Page 13 of 62
NSET
Assign this real constant set number to subsequently defined elements (defaults to 1).
Command Default
NSET
= 1.
Notes
Identifies the real constant set number to be assigned to subsequently defined elements. This number refers to the real constant set number ( NSET) defined with the real constant sets [R]. Real constant set numbers may be displayed [/PNUM]. If the element type requires no real constants, this entry is ignored. Elements of different type should not refer to the same real constant set.
Menu Paths
Prev RDELE Prev REALVAR R Commands
Next REALVAR Next
REALVAR
Name
REALVAR, IR, IA, --, --, Name, --, --, FACTA Forms a variable using only the real part of a complex variable. group: POST26:Operations product: MP ME ST DY PR EM PP ED
R Commands
IR
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IA

--, --
Unused fields.
Name
--, --
Unused fields.
FACTA
Notes
Forms a variable using only the real part of a variable. Used only with harmonic analyses (ANTYPE,HARMIC). Complex variables are stored in two-column arrays with the real component stored in the first column and the imaginary component stored in the second column. This command extracts the value stored in the first column (i.e., real component). However with harmonic analyses, all variables are stored in two -column arrays as complex variables. If the variable is not complex, then the same value is stored in both columns. This command will extract the variable in the first column of the array, even if this variable is not the real component of a complex variable.
Menu Paths
Main Menu>TimeHist Postpro>Math Operations>Real Part
Prev REAL Prev RECTNG R Commands
Next RECTNG Next
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R Commands
Page 15 of 62
RECTNG
Name
RECTNG, X1, X2, Y1, Y2 Creates a rectangular area anywhere on the working plane. group: PREP7:Primitives product: MP ME ST DY PR EM FL PP ED
X1, X2
Working plane X coordinates of the rectangle.

Y1, Y2
Working plane Y coordinates of the rectangle.
Notes
The area will be defined with four keypoints and four lines. See the BLC4 and BLC5 commands for alternate ways to create rectangles.
Menu Paths
Main Menu>Preprocessor>Create>Rectangle>By Dimensions
Prev REALVAR Prev REDUCE R Commands
Next REDUCE Next
REDUCE
Name
REDUCE , NLOC, LENG, ELEM Defines a reducer in a piping run. group: PREP7:Piping product: MP ME ST PR PP ED
R Commands
NLOC
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Node where two straight pipes intersect at center of reducer. Defaults to previous run starting point.
LENG
Length of reducer (defaults to average pipe OD).

ELEM
Element number to be assigned to reducer (defaults to MAXEL + 1).
Notes
Defines a reducer (straight pipe element (PIPE16) with averaged specifications) in place of the intersection of two previously defined straight pipe elements in a piping run. See the PREP7 RUN command. Two new nodes are generated at the ends of the reducer. The two straight pipes are automatically "shortened" to meet the ends of the reducer. The reducer specifications and loadings are taken from the corresponding two straight pipes.
Menu Paths
Main Menu>Preprocessor>Create>Piping Models>Reducer
Prev RECTNG Prev REFLCOEF R Commands
Next REFLCOEF Next
REFLCOEF
Name
REFLCOEF, Portin, Pvolt, Pang, Pdist, Vpathy Calculates the voltage reflection coefficient (REFLC), standing wave ratio (VSWR), and return loss (RL) in a COAX fed device; at postprocessing of an HF electromagnetic analysis. group: POST1:Magnetics Calculations product: MP ME EM PP ED
Portin
Port number of the excited port with a COAX mode excitation. (See the HFPORT command
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R Commands description for details.)

Pvolt
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Port EMF (voltage) (magnitude) applied to the excited port.

Pang
Phase angle of the port EMF (voltage) (in degrees). Defaults to zero degrees.
Pdist
Propagation distance between the excited port and the evaluation point. Defaults to zero (evaluation at the excited port).
Vpathy
Path name defining a path between conducting walls of the coax waveguide at the specified propagation distance ( Pdist) from the excited port. (See also the PATH command description.)
Notes
You must specify a path [PATH command] at the propagation distance location between conducting walls of the COAX waveguide for calculating the EMF (voltage). REFLCOEF returns the parameters REFLC, VSWR, RL, and REFANG (phase angle of the reflection coefficient). To calculate the reflection coefficient, REFLCOEF uses total and incident EMF (voltage). It prints the resulting parameters to an output device and to your screen. See magnetic macros for further details.
Menu Paths
Main Menu>General Postproc>Elec&Mag Calc>Refl Coeff
Prev REDUCE Prev /RENAME R Commands
Next /RENAME Next
/RENAME
Name
/RENAME, Fname1, Ext1, Dir1, Fname2, Ext2, Dir2 Renames a file. group: SESSION:Files file://D:\Documents%20and%20Settings\Administrator\Local%20Settings\Temp\~hh... 20.05.2004
R Commands product: MP ME ST DY PR EM FL PP ED
Page 18 of 62
Fname1
Name of file to be renamed (32 characters maximum). File name defaults to the current Jobname.
Ext1

Dir1

Fname2
Name of file to be created (32 characters maximum).

Fname2 Ext2
defaults to Fname1.

Ext2 Dir2
defaults to Ext1.
Notes
Renames a file. Ex: /RENAME,A,,,B renames file A to B in the same directory. /RENAME,A,DAT,,,,DIR2/ renames file A.DAT to the same name in DIR2 (on a system using a . as a name component separator and / as a directory separator). On all systems, this command will overwrite any existing file named B. See the ANSYS Operations Guide for details. Only ANSYS binary files should be renamed. Use /SYS and system renaming commands for other files.
Note
Renaming across system partitions may be internally done by a copy and delete operation on some systems. This command is valid only at the Begin Level.
Menu Paths
R Commands Utility Menu>File>File Operations>Rename
Page 19 of 62
Prev REFLCOEF Prev REORDER R Commands
Next REORDER Next
REORDER
Name
REORDER Specifies "Model reordering" as the subsequent status topic. group: PREP7:Status product: MP ME ST DY PR EM FL PP ED
Notes
Menu Paths
Main Menu>Preprocessor>Numbering Ctrls>Element Reorder>List Wave Lists Utility Menu>List>Status>Preprocessor>Reorder Module
Prev /RENAME Prev *REPEAT R Commands
Next *REPEAT Next
*REPEAT
Name
*REPEAT, NTOT, VINC1, VINC2, VINC3, VINC4, VINC5, VINC6, VINC7, VINC8, VINC9, VINC10, VINC11 Repeats the previous command.
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R Commands group: APDL:Process Controls product: MP ME ST DY PR EM FL PP ED
Page 20 of 62
NTOT
Number of times the preceding command is executed (including the initial execution). Must be 2 or greater. NTOT of 2 causes one repeat (for a total of 2 executions).
VINC1, VINC2, VINC3, VINC4, VINC5, VINC6, VINC7, VINC8, VINC9, VINC10, VINC11
Value increments applied to first through eleventh data fields of the preceding command.
Notes
*REPEAT must immediately follow the command that is to be repeated. The numeric arguments of the initial command may be incremented in the generated commands. The numeric increment values may be integer or real, positive or negative, zero or blank. Alphanumeric arguments cannot be incremented. For large values of NTOT, consider printout suppression (/NOPR command) first. Most commands beginning with slash (/), star (*), as well as "unknown command" macros, cannot be repeated. For these commands, or if more than one command is to be repeated, include them within a do-loop. Graphics slash commands are an exception and can be repeated. Commands causing file switching (causing additional commands to be read) cannot be repeated. If a *REPEAT command immediately follows another *REPEAT command, the repeat action only applies to the last non*REPEAT command. Also, *REPEAT should not be used in interactive mode immediately after a) a command (or its log file equivalent) that uses picking, or b) a command that requires a response from the user. This command is valid in any processor.
Menu Paths
Prev REORDER Prev /REPLOT R Commands
Next /REPLOT Next
/REPLOT
Name
/REPLOT, Label Automatically reissues the last display command for convenience.
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R Commands group: GRAPHICS:Set Up product: MP ME ST DY PR EM FL PP ED
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Label
Controls the type of replot. RESIZE -Issued internally when a graphics window resize occurs (Default). FAST -Only applicable for 3-D devices that allow a fast redisplay for changes in the view characteristics only.
Notes
Reissues the last display command (NPLOT , EPLOT, KPLOT, PLNSOL, PLVAR, etc.), along with its parameters, for convenience. The current display specifications are used. When the last display command is invalid in a particular processor, the use of the /REPLOT command is also invalid in that processor. However, if you attempt a /REPLOT and the last display command is invalid in the current processor, ANSYS produces an element display [EPLOT ] instead, as long as the last display command was PLNSOL, PLESOL, or PLDISP. ANSYS performs this substitution of /REPLOT with EPLOT for your convenience. For example, the PLNSOL command, which is used to display solution results as continuous contours, is a valid command in the general postprocessor [/POST1]. If you issue PLNSOL followed by /REPLOT while in the general postprocessor, the /REPLOT command effectively reissues your earlier PLNSOL command, along with its parameters. But if you then exit the general postprocessor, enter the preprocessor [/PREP7], and issue the /REPLOT command again, ANSYS internally issues EPLOT instead. This occurs because PLNSOL is not a valid command in the preprocessor.
Note
When you click on one of the buttons on the Pan, Zoom, Rotate dialog box to manipulate the view of a model, the /REPLOT command is issued internally. Thus, the substitution of /REPLOT with EPLOT as described above may occur not only for the PLNSOL, PLESOL, and PLDISP results display commands, but also for operations that you perform with the Pan, Zoom, Rotate dialog box. This command is valid in any processor (except as noted above).
Menu Paths
Main Menu>General Postproc>Path Operations>Define Path>On Working Plane Main Menu>General Postproc>Path Operations>Delete Path>All Paths
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R Commands Main Menu>General Postproc>Path Operations>Delete Path>By Name Main Menu>General Postproc>Path Operations>Plot Paths Main Menu>Preprocessor>Create>Circuit>Scale Icon Utility Menu>PlotCtrls>Style>Symmetry Expansion>Expansion by values Utility Menu>Plot>Replot
Page 22 of 62
Prev *REPEAT Prev RESCONTROL R Commands
Next RESCONTROL Next
RESCONTROL
Name
RESCONTROL, Action, Ldstep, Frequency, MAXFILES Controls file writing for multiframe restarts. group: SOLUTION:Misc Loads product: MP ME ST PR PP ED
Action
Specify the command action. DEFINE -Issuing the command will specify how frequently the .Rnnn restart files are written for a load step (default). FILE_SUMMARY -Issuing the command will print the substep and load step information for all .Rnnn files for the current job name in the current directory. If this option is specified, all other arguments are ignored. STATUS -Issuing the command will list the current status in the tables of restart control specified earlier by RESCONTROL.
Ldstep
Specify how the .Rnnn files are written. ALL --
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R Commands The .Rnnn files are written at the same frequency for all load steps. LAST -Write the .Rnnn files for the last load step only (default).
N
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-Write the .Rnnn files at the frequency indicated only for load step N. Other load steps will be written at the default frequency or at a frequency defined by a previous RESCONTROL,DEFINE,ALL, Frequency command.
NONE -No multiframe restart files ( .RDB [restart database file], .LDHI [load history file], .Rnnn) will be created. If you specify this option, all other arguments will be ignored. This allows a restart to be done at the last or abort point using the same procedure as in ANSYS 5.5 or earlier (using the .EMAT, .ESAV or .OSAV, and .DB files).
Frequency
Frequency at which the .Rnnn files are written. NONE -Don't write any .Rnnn files for this load step. LAST -Write the .Rnnn files for the last substep of the load step only (default).
N
-If N is positive, write the .Rnnn file every Nth substep of a load step. If N is negative, write N equally spaced .Rnnn files within a load step. Negative N is valid only when AUTOTS ,ON.
MAXFILES
Maximum number of .Rnnn files to save for Ldstep. 0 -Do not overwrite any existing .Rnnn files (default). The total maximum number of .Rnnn files for one run is 999. If this number is reached before the analysis is complete, the analysis will continue but will no longer write any .Rnnn files.
N
-The maximum number of .Rnnn files to keep for each load step. When N .Rnnn files have been written for a load step, ANSYS will overwrite the first .Rnnn file of that load step for subsequent substeps.
Command Default
R Commands
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If the RESCONTROL command is not issued during a structural analysis, the .RDB and .LDHI files will be written as described in Restarting an Analysis in the ANSYS Basic Analysis Guide. The .Rnnn file will be written at the last substep of the last load step by default. A .Rnnn file will also be written at the iteration prior to the abort point of the run if a Jobname.ABT file was used, or if the job terminates because of a failure to reach convergence or some other solution error. No information at the aborted substep will be saved to the .Rnnn file.
Notes
This command sets up the restart parameters for a multiframe restart, which allows you to restart an analysis from any load step and substep for which there is a .Rnnn file. You can do a multiframe restart only for nonlinear static and full transient structural analyses. (For linear static analyses, you can use a singleframe restart.) For information on how to do a singleframe or multiframe restart, and descriptions of the contents of the files used for each type of restart, see Restarting an Analysis in the ANSYS Basic Analysis Guide. If you have many substeps for each load step, and are writing .Rnnn files frequently, you may want to use MAXFILES to limit the number of .Rnnn saved, since these files can fill up your disk quickly. You may specify MAXFILES and Frequency for individual load steps. These arguments will take on the default value or the value defined by RESCONTROL,,ALL,Frequency,MAXFILES if they are not explicitly defined for a specific load step.
Menu Paths
Main Menu>Preprocessor>Loads>Nonlinear>Restart Control Main Menu>Solution>Nonlinear>Restart Control
Prev /REPLOT Prev RESET R Commands
Next RESET Next
RESET
Name
RESET Resets all POST1 or POST26 specifications to initial defaults. group: POST1:Set Up POST26:Set Up product: MP ME ST DY PR EM FL PP ED
Notes
Has the same effect as entering the processor the first time within the run. In POST1, resets all specifications to initial defaults, erases all element table items, path table data, fatigue table data, and load case pointers. In POST26, resets all specifications to initial defaults, erases all variables defined,
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R Commands and zeroes the data storage space.
Page 25 of 62
Menu Paths
Main Menu>General Postproc>Reset Main Menu>TimeHist Postpro>Reset Postproc
Prev RESCONTROL Prev /RESET R Commands
Next /RESET Next
/RESET
Name
/RESET Resets display specifications to their initial defaults. group: GRAPHICS:Set Up product: MP ME ST DY PR EM FL PP ED
Notes
Resets slash display specifications (/WINDOW, /TYPE, /VIEW , etc.) back to their initial default settings (for convenience). Also resets the focus location to the geometric center of the object. This command is valid in any processor.
Menu Paths
Utility Menu>PlotCtrls>Reset Plot Ctrls
Prev RESET Prev RESP R Commands
Next RESP Next
RESP
Name
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RESP, IR, LFTAB, LDTAB, ITYPE, RATIO, DTIME, TMIN, TMAX Generates a response spectrum. group: POST26:Special Purpose product: MP ME ST PR PP ED
IR
Arbitrary reference number assigned to the response spectrum results (2 to NV [NUMVAR]). If this number is the same as for a previously defined variable, the previously defined variable will be overwritten with these results.
LFTAB
Reference number of variable containing frequency table (created with FILLDATA or DATA command). The frequency table defines the number and frequency of oscillating systems used to determine the response spectrum. The frequency interval need not be constant over the entire range. Frequencies must be input in ascending order.
LDTAB
Reference number of variable containing the displacement time-history.

ITYPE
Defines the type of response spectrum to be calculated: 0 or 1 -Displacement. 2 -Velocity. 3 -Acceleration response spectrum.
RATIO
Ratio of viscous damping to critical damping (input as a decimal number).

DTIME
Integration time step (ITS) size used in the numerical integration scheme. This value should be equal to or greater than that actually used in the initial transient analysis. With ANTYPE,TRANS data, DTIME defaults to a value of 1/((20)(FMAX)), where FMAX is the highest frequency in LFTAB. For reduced linear transient dynamic (ANTYPE,TRANS) displacement pass data, the ITS read from the file (previously input for DTIME in the first load step of the reduced linear transient dynamic (ANTYPE,TRANS) analysis) is used for the
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R Commands default.
TMIN, TMAX
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Specifies a subset of the displacement-time history to be used in the response spectrum calculation. Defaults to the full time range.
Notes
Generates a response spectrum from displacement time-history and frequency data. The ANSYS modal analysis (ANTYPE,MODAL) may be followed by a spectrum analysis (ANTYPE,SPECTR). This analysis requires a response spectrum input of up to 20 points. This input may be determined from the response spectrum printout or display of this command and input to the modal analysis (by hand). The response spectrum generator uses the displacements from either a full or reduced transient dynamic (ANTYPE,TRANS) analysis. If a response spectrum is to be calculated from a given displacement time-history, the displacement time-history may be input to a single one-element reduced linear transient dynamic (ANTYPE,TRANS) analysis, so that the calculated output (which should be the same as the input) will be properly located on the file. The response spectrum is defined as the maximum response of single degree of freedom systems of varying frequency (or period) to a given input support excitation. The equation describing the response of the system in terms of the relative displacement (X) is: where:
n
= natural frequency of the system,
= ratio of viscous damping to critical damping, c/ccr
Xo = ground displacement The solution of this equation for the maximum response, Xmax, at various frequencies results in the spectral response curve. See the ANSYS, Inc. Theory Reference for calculation details. Calculations are based on a numerical integration scheme with the displacement time-history data from the file as the input ground-forcing function. The integration time step (argument DTIME on the RESP command) and the damping coefficient (argument RATIO) are constant over the frequency range. The number of calculations done per displacement spectral response curve is the product of the number of input solution points ( TMAX-TMIN)DTIME and the number of oscillating systems (frequencies located in variable LFTAB). Input solution points requested (by DTIME and the frequency range) at a time not corresponding to an actual displacement solution time on the file are read from the next available time. The user has the option of calculating either a displacement, velocity, or acceleration spectral response.
Menu Paths
Main Menu>TimeHist Postpro>Generate Spectrm
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R Commands Prev /RESET Prev RESUME R Commands
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RESUME
Name
RESUME, Fname, Ext , Dir, NOPAR, KNOPLOT Resumes the database from the database file. group: DATABASE:Set Up product: MP ME ST DY PR EM EH FL PP ED
Fname
Ext

Dir

NOPAR
Parameter resume key: 0 -All data in the database, including the scalar parameters, are replaced with the data saved on File.DB (default). 1 -All data in the database, except the scalar parameters, are replaced with the data saved on File.DB.
Note
This option should not be used if array parameters are defined, since file://D:\Documents%20and%20Settings\Administrator\Local%20Settings\Temp\~hh... 20.05.2004
R Commands
Page 29 of 62 existing array parameters might be redefined with arbitrary values. See PARSAV and PARRES for a more general method of preventing the replacement of both scalar and array parameters.)
KNOPLOT
If equal to 1, will suppress automatic plot. Otherwise, if the GUI is on and this RESUME command was not read from a macro or /input file, the selected elements from Fname are plotted. (If there are no selected elements, selected nodes are plotted. If no nodes, volumes; if no volumes, areas; if no areas, lines; if no lines, keypoints. If there are no selected keypoints, the screen is erased.)
Notes
Using RESUME, you can resume a database file into the same version of ANSYS that the file was created in. As long as you are resuming the file into the ANSYS version that the file was created in, you do not need to manipulate or modify the file in any way. Also, although not guaranteed, you can usually resume a database file created in the previous version of ANSYS into the current version. For example, you can probably resume an ANSYS 5.2 database file into ANSYS 5.3 without encountering problems. However, ANSYS is not expected to resume an ANSYS 5.2 database file into ANSYS 5.4 or later. RESUME causes the database file ( File.DB) to be read, thereby resetting the database (including any geometry settings) either a) as it was at the last SAVE command or b) as saved with the last /EXIT command, whichever was last. For multiple load step analyses, since only the data for one load step at a time may reside in the database, the load step data restored to the database will correspond to the load step data written when the save was done. If the database file was saved [SAVE] in another ANSYS product, it may contain element type and KEYOPT specifications which are invalid in the "resuming" product. Immediately after the database resume is completed, you should redefine these invalid element types and KEYOPT settings to valid ones [ET, KEYOPT ]. RESUME checks your database for mixed mode (both SMOOTH and FACETED) geometry. ANSYS will notify you if both types of geometry are found in the database. You can continue if you get this message. However, you may encounter problems during Boolean operations. If you do not want to continue the analysis with this database, you must either recreate or re-import the geometry. This command is valid in any processor. If used in SOLUTION, this command is valid only within the first load step.
Menu Paths
Utility Menu>File>Resume Jobname.db Utility Menu>File>Resume from
Prev RESP Prev REXPORT R Commands
Next REXPORT Next
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REXPORT
Name
REXPORT, Target, --, --, LSTEP, SBSTEP, Fname, Ext, Dir Exports displacements from an implicit run to ANSYS/LS-DYNA. group: SOLUTION:Explicit Dynamics product: MP ME ST PR PP ED
Target
The type of analysis run to which displacements are exported. OFF -Ignore initial displacements. DYNA -Get initial displacements from an earlier implicit (ANSYS) run and export to an explicit ANSYS/LS-DYNA run (Default).
--, --
Unused fields.
LSTEP
Load step number of data to be exported. Defaults to the last load step.
SBSTEP
Substep number of data to be exported. Defaults to the last substep.

Fname
File name (32 characters maximum). The file name does not have a default; you must specify a name. It CANNOT be the current Jobname.
Ext
Filename extension (8 character maximum). The extension must be an RST extension (default). Currently, only structural results are file://D:\Documents%20and%20Settings\Administrator\Local%20Settings\Temp\~hh... 20.05.2004
R Commands allowed.
Dir
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Notes
This command exports the displacements, rotations, and temperatures calculated in an ANSYS implicit analysis into the `drelax' file, which is subsequently read in by ANSYS/LS-DYNA when a dynamic relaxation or stress initialization is conducted [EDDRELAX]. This command is not written to the Jobname.CDB file when the CDWRITE command is issued.
Menu Paths
Main Menu>Preprocessor>LS-DYNA Options>Constraints>Read Disp Main Menu>Solution>Constraints>Read Disp
Prev RESUME Prev RFILSZ R Commands
Next RFILSZ Next
RFILSZ
Name
RFILSZ Estimates file sizes. group: RUNSTATS:Run Statistics Estimator product: MP ME ST PR EM PP ED
Notes
Gives file size estimates for File.ESAV, File.EMAT, File.EROT, File.TRI, File.FULL, File.RST, File.RTH, and File.RMG. File sizes are given in megabytes (MB). These file estimates are for the solution of the model that currently resides in the database. This command will cause reordering [WAVES ] if reordering was not already done on the model. See File Management and Files in the ANSYS Basic Analysis Guide for file descriptions.
Menu Paths
Main Menu>Run-Time Stats>Individual Stats
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Prev REXPORT Prev RFORCE R Commands
Next RFORCE Next
RFORCE
Name
RFORCE , NVAR, NODE, Item, Comp, Name Specifies the total reaction force data to be stored. group: POST26:Set Up product: MP ME ST DY PR EM PP ED
NVAR
NODE
Node for which data are to be stored. If NODE = P, graphical picking is enabled (valid only in the GUI).
Item
Label identifying the item. Valid item labels are shown in the table below. Some items also require a component label.
Comp
Name
Thirty-two character name identifying the item on printouts and displays. Defaults to an eight character label formed by concatenating the first four characters of the Item and Comp labels.
Notes
Defines the total reaction force data (static, damping, and inertial components) to be stored from single pass (ANTYPE,STATIC or TRANS) solutions or from an expansion pass of reduced two pass (ANTYPE,HARMIC or TRANS) solutions. RFORCE - Valid Item and Component Labels file://D:\Documents%20and%20Settings\Administrator\Local%20Settings\Temp\~hh... 20.05.2004
R Commands Valid item and component labels for node results are: Item Comp Description F X,Y,Z X, Y, or Z structural force. M X,Y,Z X, Y, or Z structural moment. HEAT Heat flow. FLOW Fluid flow. AMPS Current flow. FLUX Magnetic flux. VF X,Y,Z X, Y, or Z fluid force component. CSG X,Y,Z X, Y, or Z magnetic current segment component. VLTG Voltage drop CURT Current
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Menu Paths
Prev RFILSZ Prev /RGB R Commands
Next /RGB Next
/RGB
Name
/RGB, Kywrd, PRED, PGRN, PBLU, N1, N2, NINC, NCNTR Specifies the RGB color values for indices and contours. group: POST26:Set Up product: MP ME ST DY PR EM PP ED
Kywrd
Determines how RGB modifications will be applied. INDEX -Specifies that subsequent color values apply to ANSYS color indices (0-15). CNTR --
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Specifies that subsequent color values apply to contours (1-128). Applies to C-option devices only (i.e. X11C or Win32C).
PRED
Intensity of the color red, expressed as a percentage.

PGRN
Intensity of the color green, expressed as a percentage.

PBLU
Intensity of the color blue, expressed as a percentage.

N1
First index (0-15), or contour (1-128) to which the designated RGB values apply.
N2
Final index (0-15), or contour (1-128) to which the designated RGB values apply.
NINC
The step increment between the values N1 and N2 determining which contours or indices will be controlled by the specified RGB values.
NCNTR
The new maximum number of contours (1-128).
Notes
Issuing the /CMAP command (with no filename) will restore the default color settings.
Menu Paths
Utility Menu>PlotCtrls>Redirect Plots>To File Utility Menu>PlotCtrls>Redirect Plots>To GRPH File Utility Menu>PlotCtrls>Redirect Plots>To HPGL File Utility Menu>PlotCtrls>Redirect Plots>To HPGL2 File Utility Menu>PlotCtrls>Redirect Plots>To PSCR File
Prev RFORCE Prev RIGID R Commands
Next RIGID Next
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RIGID
Name
RIGID, Dof1, Dof2, Dof3, Dof4, Dof5, Dof6 Specifies known rigid body modes (if any) of the model. group: SOLUTION:Dynamic Options product: MP ME ST PR PP ED
Dof1, Dof2, Dof3, Dof4, Dof5, Dof6
Up to six global Cartesian directions of the rigid modes. For a completely free 2-D model, use ALL or UX, UY, ROTZ. For a completely free 3-D model, use ALL or UX, UY, UZ, ROTX, ROTY, ROTZ. For a constrained model, use UX, UY, UZ, ROTX, ROTY, or ROTZ, as appropriate, to specify each and every unconstrained direction which exists in the model (not specifying every direction may cause difficulties in extracting the modes). Use NONE to force the subspace iteration calculation of all rigid body modes. If the structure has no constraints, the label ALL is assumed (unless substructures are present).
Command Default
Any rigid body modes are calculated via subspace iteration.
Notes
Specifies known rigid body modes (if any) of the model. Applies only to modal analyses with subspace iteration [MODOPT,SUBSP]. Rigid body modes specified to the program with this command are not calculated via subspace iteration, resulting in a faster solution. Any rigid body modes specified must be permitted by the applied displacement constraints (i.e., do not specify a rigid body mode in a constrained direction). Reissue the command to redefine the specification. If used in SOLUTION, this command is valid only within the first load step. This command is also valid in PREP7.
Menu Paths
Prev /RGB Prev RIMPORT R Commands
Next RIMPORT Next
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RIMPORT
Name
RIMPORT, Source, Type, Loc, LSTEP, SBSTEP, Fname, Ext, Dir , SPSCALE, MSCALE Imports initial stresses from an explicit dynamics run into ANSYS. group: SOLUTION:FE Body Loads product: MP ME ST PR PP ED
Source
The type of analysis run from which stresses are imported. OFF -Ignore initial stresses. DYNA -Get initial stresses from an earlier explicit (ANSYS/LS-DYNA) run (default).
Type
Type of data imported. Note that this is an ANSYS-defined field; the only valid value is STRESS.
Loc
Location where the data is imported. Note that this is an ANSYS-defined field; the only valid value is ELEM (data imported at the element integration points).
LSTEP
Load step number of data to be imported. Defaults to the last load step.
SBSTEP
Substep number of data to be imported. Defaults to the last substep.

Fname
File name (32 characters maximum). The file name does not have a default; you must specify a name. It CANNOT be the current Jobname.
Ext
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R Commands Filename extension (8 character maximum). The extension must be an RST extension (default).
Dir
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SPSCALE
Stabilization factor. This factor is used in a springback analysis to scale (up or down) the initial stiffness of the applied spring. No default; input a value only if you want to activate stabilization. If SPSCALE is blank, stabilization is not activated.
MSCALE
Acceptable stabilization stiffness (defaults to 1.0X10 --4 ). In a springback analysis, iterations will stop when the applied spring stiffness comes down to this value. MSCALE is not used if SPSCALE is blank.
Notes
This command imports initial stress information into ANSYS from an earlier explicit (ANSYS/LSDYNA) run. The stress state from SHELL163 and SOLID164 elements in the explicit analysis is imported to the corresponding SHELL181 and SOLID185 implicit elements. For the shell elements, the current shell element thickness is also imported. This command is valid only after the first SOLVE command of the analysis and is ignored if issued after subsequent SOLVE commands (that is, stresses will not be re-imported). RIMPORT is typically used to perform springback analysis of sheet metal forming. We recommend that you use SHELL163 elements in the explicit analysis with 3 to 5 integration points through the thickness. This ensures that the through-thickness stress distribution is transferred accurately to the SHELL181 elements. If more than 5 integration points are used, ANSYS imports resultants (forces and moments) to the SHELL181 elements. This implies that linearization of the through-thickness stress distribution is assumed in SHELL181 elements. If SHELL163 uses full integration in the shell plane, stress and thickness data are averaged and then transferred. For the solid elements, the stress at the SOLID164 element centroid is transferred to the SOLID185 element centroid. If SOLID164 has full integration, the stress is averaged and then transferred. When the SPSCALE argument is specified, artificial springs with exponentially decaying stiffness (as a function of iterations) are applied. This technique is recommended only for those cases in which there are severe convergence difficulties. In general, you should first attempt a springback analysis without using the stabilization factors SPSCALE and MSCALE. (For more information on springback stabilization, see Chapter 14 in the ANSYS/LS-DYNA User's Guide.) This command is not written to the Jobname.CDB file when the CDWRITE command is issued. This command is also valid in PREP7.
Menu Paths
Main Menu>Preprocessor>Loads>Apply>Other>Import Stress
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R Commands Main Menu>Solution>Apply>Other>Import Stress
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Prev RIGID Prev RITER R Commands
Next RITER Next
RITER
Name
RITER, NITER Supplies an estimate of the number of iterations for time estimates. group: RUNSTATS:Run Statistics Estimator product: MP ME ST PR EM PP ED
NITER
Estimated number of iterations (or load steps in a linear, static analysis) for the analysis (defaults to 1).
Command Default
One iteration.
Notes
This estimate will be used by the program to calculate estimated run times [RTIMST].
Menu Paths
Main Menu>Run-Time Stats>Iter Setting
Prev RIMPORT Prev RLIST R Commands
Next RLIST Next
RLIST
R Commands
Page 39 of 62
Name
RLIST, NSET1, NSET2, NINC Lists the real constant sets. group: PREP7:Real Constants product: MP ME ST DY PR EM FL PP ED
NSET1, NSET2, NINC
List real constant sets from NSET1 to NSET2 (defaults to NSET1) in steps of NINC (defaults to 1). If NSET1 = ALL (default), ignore NSET2 and NINC and list all real constant sets [R].
Notes
The real constant sets listed contain only those values specifically set by the user. Default values for real constants set automatically within the various elements are not listed. This command is valid in any processor.
Menu Paths
Utility Menu>List>Properties>All Real Constants Utility Menu>List>Properties>Specified Real Constants
Prev RITER Prev RMEMRY R Commands
Next RMEMRY Next
RMEMRY
Name
RMEMRY Prints memory statistics for the current model. group: RUNSTATS:Run Statistics Estimator product: MP ME ST PR EM PP ED
Notes
Memory statistics include work space usage, database size, binary input/output buffers, and available ANSYS scratch space. Also the maximum available static wavefront that will fit in the available file://D:\Documents%20and%20Settings\Administrator\Local%20Settings\Temp\~hh... 20.05.2004
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ANSYS scratch space is displayed. The memory statistics are displayed in units of kilobytes (KB) or megabytes (MB).
Menu Paths
Prev RLIST Prev RMODIF R Commands
Next RMODIF Next
RMODIF
Name
RMODIF, NSET, STLOC, V1, V2, V3, V4, V5, V6 Modifies real constant sets. group: PREP7:Real Constants product: MP ME ST DY PR EM FL PP ED
NSET
Existing set to be modified.

STLOC
Starting location in table for modifying data. For example, if STLOC = 1, data input in the V1 field is the first constant in the set. If STLOC = 7, data input in the V1 field is the seventh constant in the set, etc. Must be greater than zero.
V1
New value assigned to constant in location STLOC. If zero (or blank), a zero value will be assigned.
V2, V3, V4, V5, V6
New values assigned to constants in the next five locations. If blank, the value remains unchanged.
Notes
Allows modifying (or adding) real constants to an existing set [R] at any location, excluding table
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R Commands inputs. This command is also valid in SOLUTION.
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Menu Paths
Prev RMEMRY Prev RMORE R Commands
Next RMORE Next
RMORE
Name
RMORE, R7, R8, R9, R10, R11, R12 Adds real constants to a set. group: PREP7:Real Constants product: MP ME ST DY PR EM FL PP ED
R7, R8, R9, R10, R11, R12
Add real constants 7 to 12 (numerical values or table names) to the most recently defined set.
Notes
Adds six more real constants to the most recently defined set. Repeat the RMORE command for constants 13 to 18, again for 19-24, etc. If using table inputs (SURF151, SURF152, and FLUID116 only), enclose the table name in % signs (e.g., %tabname%). When copying real constants to new sets, ANSYS recommends that you use the command input. If you do use the GUI, restrict the real constant copy to only the first six real constants (real constants seven and greater will be incorrect for both the master and copy set). This command is also valid in SOLUTION.
Menu Paths
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Prev RMODIF Prev ROCK R Commands
Next ROCK Next
ROCK
Name
ROCK, CGX, CGY, CGZ, OMX, OMY, OMZ Specifies a rocking response spectrum. group: SOLUTION:Spectrum Options product: MP ME ST PR PP ED
CGX, CGY, CGZ
Global Cartesian X, Y, and Z location of center of rotation about which rocking occurs.
OMX, OMY, OMZ
Global Cartesian angular velocity components associated with the rocking.
Notes
Specifies a rocking response spectrum effect in the spectrum (ANTYPE,SPECTR) analysis. This command is also valid in PREP7.
Menu Paths
Prev RMORE Prev RPOLY R Commands
Next RPOLY Next
RPOLY
R Commands
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Name
RPOLY, NSIDES, LSIDE, MAJRAD, MINRAD Creates a regular polygonal area centered about the working plane origin. group: PREP7:Primitives product: MP ME ST DY PR EM FL PP ED
NSIDES
Number of sides in the regular polygon. Must be greater than 2.

LSIDE
Length of each side of the regular polygon.

MAJRAD
Radius of the major (or circumscribed) circle of the polygon. Not used if LSIDE is input.
MINRAD
Radius of the minor (or inscribed) circle of the polygon. Not used if LSIDE or MAJRAD is input.
Notes
Defines a regular polygonal area on the working plane. The polygon will be centered about the working plane origin, with the first keypoint defined at = 0. The area will be defined with NSIDES keypoints and NSIDES lines. See the RPR4 and POLY commands for other ways to create polygons.
Menu Paths
Main Menu>Preprocessor>Create>Polygon>By Circumscr Rad Main Menu>Preprocessor>Create>Polygon>By Inscribed Rad Main Menu>Preprocessor>Create>Polygon>By Side Length
Prev ROCK Prev RPR4 R Commands
Next RPR4 Next
RPR4
R Commands
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Name
RPR4, NSIDES, XCENTER, YCENTER, RADIUS, THETA, DEPTH Creates a regular polygonal area or prism volume anywhere on the working plane. group: PREP7:Primitives product: MP ME ST DY PR EM EH FL PP ED
NSIDES
The number of sides in the polygon or prism face. Must be greater than 2.
XCENTER, YCENTER
Working plane X and Y coordinates of the center of the polygon or prism face.
RADIUS
Distance (major radius) from the center to a vertex of the polygon or prism face (where the first keypoint is defined).
THETA
Angle (in degrees) from the working plane X-axis to the vertex of the polygon or prism face where the first keypoint is defined. Used to orient the polygon or prism face. Defaults to zero.
DEPTH
The perpendicular distance (either positive or negative based on the working plane Z direction) from the working plane representing the depth of the prism. If DEPTH = 0 (default), a polygonal area is created on the working plane.
Notes
Defines a regular polygonal area anywhere on the working plane or prism volume with one face anywhere on the working plane. The top and bottom faces of the prism are polygonal areas. See the RPOLY, POLY, RPRISM, and PRISM commands for other ways to create polygons and prisms.
Menu Paths
Main Menu>Preprocessor>Create>Polygon>Hexagon Main Menu>Preprocessor>Create>Polygon>Octagon Main Menu>Preprocessor>Create>Polygon>Pentagon Main Menu>Preprocessor>Create>Polygon>Septagon Main Menu>Preprocessor>Create>Polygon>Square Main Menu>Preprocessor>Create>Polygon>Triangle
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R Commands Main Menu>Preprocessor>Create>Prism>Hexagonal Main Menu>Preprocessor>Create>Prism>Octagonal Main Menu>Preprocessor>Create>Prism>Pentagonal Main Menu>Preprocessor>Create>Prism>Septagonal Main Menu>Preprocessor>Create>Prism>Square Main Menu>Preprocessor>Create>Prism>Triangular
Page 45 of 62
Prev RPOLY Prev RPRISM R Commands
Next RPRISM Next
RPRISM
Name
RPRISM, Z1, Z2, NSIDES, LSIDE, MAJRAD, MINRAD Creates a regular prism volume centered about the working plane origin. group: PREP7:Primitives product: MP ME ST DY PR EM EH FL PP ED
Z1, Z2
Working plane Z coordinates of the prism.

NSIDES
Number of sides in the polygon defining the top and bottom faces of the prism. Must be greater than 2.
LSIDE
Length of each side of the polygon defining the top and bottom faces of the prism.
MAJRAD
Radius of the major (or circumscribed) circle of the polygon defining the top and bottom faces of the prism. Not used if LSIDE is input.
MINRAD
Radius of the minor (or inscribed circle) of the polygon defining the top and bottom faces of the prism. Not used if LSIDE or MAJRAD is input. file://D:\Documents%20and%20Settings\Administrator\Local%20Settings\Temp\~hh... 20.05.2004
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Notes
Defines a regular prism volume centered about the working plane origin. The prism must have a spatial volume greater than zero. (i.e., this volume primitive command cannot be used to create a degenerate volume as a means of creating an area.) The top and bottom faces are polygonal areas that are parallel to the working plane but neither face need be coplanar with (i.e., "on") the working plane. The first keypoint defined for each face is at = 0. See the RPR4 and PRISM commands for other ways to create prisms.
Menu Paths
Main Menu>Preprocessor>Create>Prism>By Circumscr Rad Main Menu>Preprocessor>Create>Prism>By Inscribed Rad Main Menu>Preprocessor>Create>Prism>By Side Length
Prev RPR4 Prev RPSD R Commands
Next RPSD Next
RPSD
Name
RPSD, IR, IA, IB, ITYPE, DATUM, Name Computes response power spectral density (PSD). group: POST26:Special Purpose product: MP ME ST PP ED
IR
Arbitrary reference number assigned to the resulting variable (2 to NV [NUMVAR]). If this number is the same as for a previous variable, the previous variable will be overwritten with this result.
IA, IB
Reference numbers of the two variables to be operated on. If only one, leave IB blank.
ITYPE
Defines the type of response PSD to be calculated: 0,1 --
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R Commands Displacement (default). 2 -Velocity. 3 -Acceleration.

DATUM
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Defines the reference with respect to which response PSD is to be calculated: 1 -Absolute value. 2 -Relative to base (default).
Name
Thirty-two character name identifying variable on listings and displays. Embedded blanks are compressed for output.
Notes
This command computes response power spectral density (PSD) for the variables referenced by the reference numbers IA and IB. The variable referred by IR will contain the response PSD. File.PSD must be available for the calculations to occur. Requires the STORE,PSD command to be issued first.
Menu Paths
Main Menu>TimeHist Postpro>Calc Resp PSD
Prev RPRISM Prev RSFIT R Commands
Next RSFIT Next
RSFIT
Name
RSFIT, RSlab, Slab, Name, Rmod, Ytrans, Yval, Xfilt, CONF Fit a response surface for an output parameter in a solution set. file://D:\Documents%20and%20Settings\Administrator\Local%20Settings\Temp\~hh... 20.05.2004
R Commands group: PROBABILISTIC:Response Surfaces product: MP ME ST DY PR EM FL PP ED
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RSlab
Response surface set label. Identifies the response surface results for later post-processing. This label can be used as Rlab for post-processing response surface results, and for evaluating the fit results with RSPLOT and RSPRNT. You must have separate identification labels for the solution sets and for the response surface sets, because you can perform a response surface fit based on Monte Carlo results. For this case, the original Monte Carlo results are identified by the solution set label provided in the PDEXE command and the results generated with the fitted response surfaces are identified by the response surface set label ( RSlab) provided here. RSlab must not contain blanks. Maximum length of this field is 16 characters; if this field contains more than 16 characters, it will be truncated to 16 characters.
Slab
Solution set label that identifies the probabilistic analysis containing the results to be fitted. This solution set label is defined with the PDEXE command.
Name
Parameter name. The parameter must have been previously defined as a random output parameter with the PDVAR command. The result values of this parameter (stored in the solution set identified by Slab) are fitted as a function of all random input variables.
Rmod
Regression model to use for the evaluation of the response surface. LIN -Regression model with linear terms only. QUAD -Regression model with linear and pure quadratic terms (no cross-terms). QUAX -Regression model with linear and all quadratic terms (including cross-terms). (Default.)
Ytrans
Option for the transformation type applied to the output parameter identified with Name. NONE -The values of the output parameter Name are not transformed (default). EXP --
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The values of the output parameter Name are transformed according to Y* = exp(Y). The transformed values Y* are used for the fitting process. LOGA -The values of the output parameter Name are transformed according to Y* = loga(Y), where the basis a is specified by Yval. The transformed values Y* are used for the fitting process. LOGN -The values of the output parameter Name are transformed according to Y* = In(Y). The transformed values Y* are used for the fitting process. LOG10 -The values of the output parameter Name are transformed according to Y* = log10 (Y). The transformed values Y* are used for the fitting process. SQRT -The values of the output parameter Name are transformed according to Y* = transformed values Y* are used for the fitting process. POW -The values of the output parameter Name are transformed according to Y* = Ya, where the exponent a is specified by Yval. The transformed values Y* are used for the fitting process. BOX -The values of the output parameter Name are transformed according to the Box-Cox transformation. . The
Y* =
for
i
Y* = ln(Y) for
=0
The parameter i is automatically determined within the interval [-2, 2]. The step length for this interval search is given in Yval. The transformed values Y* are used for the fitting process.
Yval
Value needed for Ytrans = LOGA, Ytrans = POW, and Ytrans = BOX. Ignored for all other options of Ytrans. For Ytrans = LOGA and Ytrans = POW, the default value is Yval = 1.0. For Ytrans = BOX, the default value is Yval = 0.01.
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Xfilt
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Option that specifies if irrelevant terms of the regression model should be filtered out. NONE -Regression term filtering is not done. A full regression model as specified with the Rmod option is evaluated. FSR -Use the "forward-stepwise-regression" to automatically filter out individual and irrelevant terms of the regression model. If irrelevant terms are sorted out this leads to a smaller number of coefficients to be determined in the regression analysis, which then leads to increased accuracy of the coefficients of the remaining terms in the regression model (default).
CONF
-Confidence level that is used to filter the terms of the regression model if the Xfilt = FSR option has been selected. The value of CONF must be between 0.0 and 1.0 (default is 0.95). The higher this value, the more terms will be filtered out. Consequently, higher CONF values lead to a fewer terms in the regression model. Likewise, lower CONF values lead to more terms being included in the regression model.
Command Default
Rmod
= QUAX, Ytrans = NONE, Xfilt = FSR, CONF = 0.95, Yval as explained above.
Notes
Evaluates a response surface for a random output parameter Name. The result values for the parameter Name as stored in the solution set Slab are fitted as a function of all random input parameters. There can be only one response surface set for each solution set. A response surface set can include the fitted response surfaces of one or more output parameters.
Note
If the RSFIT command is used for an existing response surface set for which Monte Carlo simulations have already been generated using the RSSIMS command then these Monte Carlo samples are deleted by the RSFIT command. In this case they need to be generated again using the RSSIMS command. It is necessary to delete the Monte Carlo simulations in order to make sure that the samples, their statistics and correlations are consistent with the response surfaces.
Menu Paths
Main Menu>Prob Design>Fit Resp Surf
Prev RPSD
Next RSPEED
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R Commands RSPEED R Commands
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Prev
Next
RSPEED
Name
RSPEED, MIPS, SMFLOP, VMFLOP Supplies system performance information for use in time estimates. group: RUNSTATS:Run Statistics Estimator product: MP ME ST PR EM PP ED
MIPS MIPS SMFLOP
rating of computer (defaults to 4). This value is ignored if SMFLOP is specified.
Scalar MFLOPS rating of computer (defaults to MIPS/4).

VMFLOP
Vector MFLOPS rating of computer (Defaults to MIPS/2).
Notes
Supplies system performance information to the program for its use in estimating run times [RTIMST]. Normally this command is invoked through the SETSPEED macro as executed by the ANSYS installation process.
Menu Paths
Main Menu>Run-Time Stats>System Settings
Prev RSFIT Prev RSPLOT R Commands
Next RSPLOT Next
RSPLOT
R Commands
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Name
RSPLOT, RSlab, YName, X1Name, X2Name, Type, NPTS, PLOW, PUP Plot a response surface. group: PROBABILISTIC:Response Surfaces product: MP ME ST DY PR EM FL PP ED
RSlab
Response Surface set label. Identifies the response surfaces generated by the RSFIT command.
YName
Parameter name. The parameter must have been previously defined as a random output parameter with the PDVAR command.
X1Name
Parameter name. The parameter must have been previously defined as a random input variable with the PDVAR command.
X2Name
Parameter name. The parameter must have been previously defined as a random input variable with the PDVAR command. X2Name must be different than X1Name.
Type
Type of the response surface visualization. 2D -Two-dimensional contour plot. 3D -Three-dimensional surface plot.
NPTS
Number of grid points for both the X1 -axis and the X2-axis. The grid points are used for the evaluation of the response surface. The number must be between 1 and 500. Defaults to 20. If NPTS = 0 or greater than 500, then a value of 20 is used.
PLOW
Lower probability level used to determine the lower boundary (plotting range) of the curve in case the random input variable does not have a minimum value (such as Gauss). This probability must be between 0.0 and 1.0. Defaults to 0.0025. file://D:\Documents%20and%20Settings\Administrator\Local%20Settings\Temp\~hh... 20.05.2004
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PUP
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Upper probability level used to determine the upper boundary of the curve. This probability must be between 0.0 and 1.0. Defaults to 0.9975.
Command Default
= 20, PLOW = 0.0025 (applied if distribution type has no minimum), PUP = 0.9975 (applied if distribution type has no maximum)
NPTS
Notes
Plots the response surface of an output parameter YName as a function of two input parameters X1Name and X2Name. If PLOW is left blank, then a minimum value of the distribution is used for plotting, provided it exists (for example, uniform distribution). If the distribution type has no minimum value (for example, gaussian distribution), then the default value is used to determine the lower plotting range value. The same is true for the maximum value if PUP is left blank. In addition to the response surface, the sampling points that are fitted by the response surface are also plotted by this command. However, sampling points falling outside of the plotting range defined by the PLOW and PUP fields will not be shown in the plot.
Menu Paths
Main Menu>Prob Design>Plt Resp Surf
Prev RSPEED Prev RSPRNT R Commands
Next RSPRNT Next
RSPRNT
Name
RSPRNT, RSlab, YName Print a response surface. group: PROBABILISTIC:Response Surfaces product: MP ME ST DY PR EM FL PP ED
RSlab
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YName
Parameter name. The parameter must have been previously defined as a random output parameter with the PDVAR command. Identifies the parameter for which a response surface has been generated by the RSFIT command.
Notes
Prints the results and details of a response surface analysis generated by the RSFIT command. For the specified output parameter Yname, the fitting details such as the individual terms of the response surface model and their corresponding coefficients are listed. The command also produces a comparison of the original values of Yname used for the fitting process and the approximate values derived from the fitting, and some goodness of fit measures.
Menu Paths
Main Menu>Prob Design>Prn Resp Surf
Prev RSPLOT Prev RSSIMS R Commands
Next RSSIMS Next
RSSIMS
Name
RSSIMS, RSlab, NSIM, Seed Performs Monte Carlo simulations on response surface(s). group: PROBABILISTIC:Response Surfaces product: MP ME ST DY PR EM FL PP ED
RSlab
NSIM
Number of simulation loops on the response surfaces that will be generated for all random output parameters. If the RSSIMS command is issued multiple times using the same response
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surface set label the NSIM Monte Carlo simulations is appended to previous ones. The default value for NSIM is 10,000.
Seed
Seed value label. Random number generators require a seed value that is used to calculate the next random number. After each random number generation finishes, the seed value is updated and is used again to calculate the next random number. By default ANSYS initializes the seed value with the system time (one time only) when the ANSYS session started. CONT -Continues updating using the derived seed value (default). TIME -Initializes the seed value with the system time. You can use this if you want the seed value set to a specific value for one analysis and then you want to continue with a "random" seed in the next analysis. It is not recommended to "randomize" the seed value with the Seed = TIME option for multiple analyses. If the Monte Carlo simulations requested with this command will be appended to previously existing simulations, then the Seed option is ignored and Seed = CONT is used. INIT -Initializes the seed value using 123457. This value is a typical recommendation used very often in literature. This option leads to identical random numbers for all random input variables when the exact analysis will be repeated, making it useful for benchmarking and validation purposes (where identical random numbers are desired). If the Monte Carlo simulations requested with this command will be appended to previously existing simulations, then the Seed option is ignored and Seed = CONT is used. Value -Uses the specified (positive) value for the initialization of the seed value. This option has the same effect as Seed = INIT, except you can chose an arbitrary (positive) number for the initialization. If the Monte Carlo simulations requested with this command will be appended to previously existing simulations, then the Seed option is ignored and Seed = CONT is used.
Command Default
NSIM
= 10,000, Seed = CONT
Notes
Generate the Monte Carlo simulations on the response surfaces that are included in a response surface set. Simulations are evaluated only for the output parameters that have been fitted in a response surface set using the RSFIT command. If the RSSIMS command is issued multiple times using the same response surface label the probabilistic design system appends the samples generated here to the previous ones. This way you can start with a moderate NSIM number and add more samples if the probabilistic results are not file://D:\Documents%20and%20Settings\Administrator\Local%20Settings\Temp\~hh... 20.05.2004
R Commands accurate enough.
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Menu Paths
Main Menu>Prob Design>RS Simulation
Prev RSPRNT Prev RSTAT R Commands
Next RSTAT Next
RSTAT
Name
RSTAT Prints the FE model statistics of the model. group: RUNSTATS:Run Statistics Estimator product: MP ME ST PR EM FL PP ED
Notes
Prints the finite element model statistics of the model currently in the database. The maximum node and element number used are displayed, as well as the number of nodes and elements selected.
Menu Paths
Prev RSSIMS Prev RSYS R Commands
Next RSYS Next
RSYS
Name
RSYS, KCN Activates a coordinate system for printout or display of results. group: POST1:Controls
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KCN
Coordinate system reference number. KCN may be 0,1,2 or any existing local coordinate system number. If KCN = SOLU, results are reported in whatever coordinate systems were associated with the results when calculated in the solution phase (i.e., the nodal and element coordinate systems). The exception is for layered shell and solid elements, for which data are transformed into the element coordinate system if LAYER = 0 or if no LAYER command is issued.
Command Default
Activate global Cartesian ( KCN = 0) coordinate system.
Notes
Activates a coordinate system for the printout or display of results data. Results data will be rotated to this system during printout, display, or element table operations [PRNSOL, PRESOL, PLNSOL, ETABLE, etc.]. Coordinate systems can be defined with various commands [LOCAL, CS, CLOCAL, CSKP ...]. If RSYS is issued with KCN>10 (i.e., a local coordinate system), and the specified system is subsequently redefined, you must reissue RSYS for results to be rotated into the redefined system. Rotated nodal data are any of the items shown for the PRNSOL command having the Comp label COMP, such as U (displacements), S (stresses), etc. Nodal results can be properly rotated only if the resulting component set is consistent with the degree-of-freedom set at the node (the degree-offreedom set at a node is determined by the elements attached to the node). For example, if a node does not have a UZ degree of freedom during solution, then any Z component resulting from a rotation will not print or display in POST1. Therefore, results at nodes with a single degree-offreedom (UY only, for example) should not be rotated; that is, they should be viewed only in the nodal coordinate system or a system parallel to the nodal system (Note that the command default is the global Cartesian system, which may not be parallel to the nodal system). Results at nodes with a 2-D degree-of-freedom set (UX and UY, for example) should not be rotated out of the 2-D plane. Element component results in the database from the solution phase (KCN = SOLU) are in the element coordinate systems. For nearly all the solid elements, the default element coordinate systems are parallel to the global Cartesian coordinate system. For the shell elements and the remaining solid elements, the default element coordinate system can differ from element to element. For layered shell and layered solid elements, the default coordinate system can vary from layer to layer within the element. The element coordinate system is initially defined with the ESYS command. If large deflection is active, the element component result directions are rotated by the amount of rigid body rotation. (However, the hyperelastic elements always produce stresses and strains in the specified results coordinate system; no rigid body rotation is added for HYPER56, HYPER58, HYPER74, HYPER84, HYPER86 and HYPER158.) Component results displayed in the global coordinate system include the element rigid body rotation from the initial global coordinate system. All other element result transformations are relative to the rotated global system. Nodal degree-offreedom results are based on the initial (and not the updated) geometry. PowerGraphics does not support RSYS,SOLU.
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When you generate a PGR file in SOLUTION, you can use the Results Viewer to display your stresses only in the coordinate system in which you write your PGR file. If you wish to view stresses in other coordinate systems, you can load your results file into the Results Viewer and regenerate the data. See Using the PGR File in POST1 for more information on using the Results Viewer. RSYS has no effect on beam stresses (BEAMS 3, 4, 16, 20, 23, 24, 44, 54, 60, 188, 189), which are always displayed (with /ESHAPE,1 and PowerGraphics) in the element coordinate system. RSYS can be used to rotate stress data for all explicit (ANSYS/LS-DYNA) elements except BEAM161, COMBI165, and composite SHELL163 (KEYOPT(3) = 1). In models that contain these element types combined with other explicit elements, you must unselect the unsupported elements before issuing the RSYS command. RSYS does not support strain data for any explicit element types. If you request strain results for explicit elements when RSYS is not set to the global Cartesian coordinate system (KCN = 0), the printing or plotting command will be ignored. (Displacements are always rotated into the results coordinate system, independent of the explicit element type.)
Menu Paths
Prev RSTAT Prev RTHICK R Commands
Next RTHICK Next
RTHICK
Name
RTHICK, Par, ILOC, JLOC, KLOC, LLOC Defines variable thickness at nodes for shell elements. group: PREP7:Meshing product: MP ME ST DY PR PP ED
Par
Array parameter (indexed by node number) that expresses the function to be mapped. For example, func(17) should be the desired shell thickness at node 17.
ILOC
Position in real constant set for thickness at node I of the element (default 1).
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JLOC
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Position in real constant set for thickness at node J of the element (default 2).
KLOC
Position in real constant set for thickness at node K of the element (default 3).
LLOC
Position in real constant set for thickness at node L of the element (default 4).
Notes
After RTHICK, each selected element will have its REAL number matching its ELEM number, for example, R ( ILOC) = func (I NODE), R ( JLOC) = func (J NODE), etc. Any other real constants on a previously defined real constant set will remain unchanged. This command cannot be used for beam elements.
Menu Paths
Main Menu>Preprocessor>Loads>Other>Real Constants>Thickness Func Main Menu>Preprocessor>Real Constants>Thickness Func Main Menu>Solution>Other>Real Constants>Thickness Func
Prev RSYS Prev RTIMST R Commands
Next RTIMST Next
RTIMST
Name
RTIMST Prints runtime estimates. group: RUNSTATS:Run Statistics Estimator product: MP ME ST PR EM PP ED
Notes
Prints runtime estimates for the current model. A runtime estimate is given for the first iteration, for subsequent iterations, and for total runtime. The runtime estimates are itemized for such ANSYS solution components as element formulation, wavefront solution, back substitution, etc. The estimates will be for a computer system using performance attributes as described by the RSPEED command and an estimated number of iterations as specified on the RITER command. The file://D:\Documents%20and%20Settings\Administrator\Local%20Settings\Temp\~hh... 20.05.2004
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Note
This command will cause reordering [WAVES ] if reordering was not already done on the model.
Menu Paths
Prev RTHICK Prev RUN R Commands
Next RUN Next
RUN
Name
RUN, DX, DY, DZ, NDIV, NEND, ESTRT, EINC Defines a pipe run. group: PREP7:Piping product: MP ME ST PR PP ED
DX, DY, DZ
Increment (in terms of the active coordinate system components) to determine run end point. Increment is applied to branch starting point [BRANCH] or end point of previous run (whichever was later).
NDIV
Number of divisions (elements) along branch (defaults to 1). A node is generated at the end of each division.
NEND
Number to be assigned to end node of branch (defaults to MAXNP + NDIV).

ESTRT
Number to be assigned to first element of branch (defaults to the previous maximum element number (MAXEL) + 1).
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EINC
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Notes
Defines a pipe run from a previous point to an incremental point. Nodes (and elements) are generated straight (in the active coordinate system). Elements are of type PIPE16 straight pipes. Material properties, real constants, and loads are derived from the previously defined piping specifications. Piping loads and specifications are defined with the PCORRO , PDRAG, PFLUID, PINSUL, POPT, PPRES, PSPEC, PTEMP, and PUNIT commands. Generated items may be listed (or displayed) with the standard commands (NLIST, ELIST, NPLOT, EPLOT, ETLIST, RLIST, etc.). Items may also be modified (NMODIF, EMODIF, RMODIF, etc.) or redefined as desired. See the ANSYS Modeling and Meshing Guide for details.
Menu Paths
Main Menu>Preprocessor>Create>Piping Models>Pipe Run
Prev RTIMST Prev /RUNST R Commands
Next /RUNST Next
/RUNST
Name
/RUNST Enters the run statistics processor. group: SESSION:Processor Entry RUNSTATS:Run Statistics Estimator product: MP ME ST PR EM FL PP ED
Notes
Enters the run statistics processor for estimating various solution size and speed statistics. Statistics include run time estimates, wavefront estimates, file size estimates, memory requirements and finite element model size information. This command is valid only at the Begin Level.
Menu Paths
Main Menu>Run-Time Stats
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R Commands Prev RUN Prev RWFRNT R Commands
Page 62 of 62 Next RWFRNT Next
RWFRNT
Name
RWFRNT Generates wavefront statistics and memory requirements. group: RUNSTATS:Run Statistics Estimator product: MP ME ST PR EM PP ED
Notes
Generates current solver statistics, such as maximum and RMS wavefront, and memory requirements based on the chosen solver (EQSLV command). The RWFRNT command causes reordering if reordering was not already done on the model.
Menu Paths
Prev /RUNST
Next S Commands
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S Commands S Commands ANSYS Commands Reference
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Next
S Commands
Table of Contents SABS SADD SALLOW SARPLOT SAVE SBCLIST SBCTRAN SDELETE SE SECCONTROLS SECDATA SECFUNCTION /SECLIB SECMODIF SECNUM SECOFFSET SECPLOT SECREAD SECTYPE SECWRITE SED SEDLIST SEEXP /SEG SELIST SELM SENERGY SEOPT SESYMM SET *SET SETRAN SEXP SF SFA SFACT SFADELE SFALIST SFBEAM SFCALC SFCUM SFDELE SFE
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S Commands SFEDELE SFELIST SFFUN SFGRAD SFL SFLDELE SFLIST SFLLIST SFSCALE SFTRAN /SHADE SHELL /SHOW /SHOWDISP SHPP /SHRINK SLIST SLOAD SLPPLOT SLSPLOT SMALL SMAX /SMBC SMBODY SMCONS SMFOR SMIN SMOOTH SMRTSIZE SMSURF SMULT SOLCONTROL SOLU /SOLU SOLUOPT SOLVE SORT SOURCE SPACE SPARM SPCNOD SPCTEMP SPEC SPH4 SPH5 SPHERE SPLINE SPOINT SPOPT SPREAD SPTOPT SQRT SRSS /SSCALE SSLN file://D:\Documents%20and%20Settings\Administrator\Local%20Settings\Temp\~hh...
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S Commands SSTIF SSUM STAT *STATUS /STATUS STEF /STITLE STORE SUBOPT SUBSET SUMTYPE SV SVTYP /SYP /SYS
Page 3 of 165
Prev RWFRNT Prev SABS S Commands
Next SABS Next
SABS
Name
SABS, KEY Specifies absolute values for element table operations. group: POST1:Element Table product: MP ME ST DY PR EM FL PP ED
KEY
Absolute value key: 0 -Use algebraic values in operations. 1 -Use absolute values in operations.
Command Default
Use algebraic values.
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Notes
Causes absolute values to be used in the SADD, SMULT, SMAX, SMIN, and SSUM operations.
Menu Paths
Main Menu>General Postproc>Element Table>Abs Value Option
Prev S Commands Prev SADD S Commands
Next SADD Next
SADD
Name
SADD, LabR, Lab1, Lab2, FACT1, FACT2, CONST Forms an element table item by adding two existing items. group: POST1:Element Table product: MP ME ST DY PR EM FL PP ED
LabR
Label assigned to results. If same as existing label, the existing values will be overwritten by these results.
Lab1
First labeled result item in operation.

Lab2
Second labeled result item in operation (may be blank).

FACT1
Scale factor applied to Lab1. A (blank) or '0' entry defaults to 1.0.

FACT2
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CONST
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Constant value.
Notes
Forms a labeled result (see ETABLE command) for the selected elements by adding two existing labeled result items according to the operation:
LabR
= (FACT1 x Lab1) + ( FACT2 x Lab2) + CONST
May also be used to scale results for a single labeled result item. If absolute values are requested [SABS,1], absolute values of Lab1 and Lab2 are used.
Menu Paths
Main Menu>General Postproc>Element Table>Add Items
Prev SABS Prev SALLOW S Commands
Next SALLOW Next
SALLOW
Name
SALLOW, STRS1, STRS2, STRS3, STRS4, STRS5, STRS6 Defines the allowable stress table for safety factor calculations. group: POST1:Element Table product: MP ME ST DY PR PP ED
STRS1, STRS2, STRS3, STRS4, STRS5, STRS6
Input up to six allowable stresses corresponding to the temperature points [TALLOW].
Notes
Defines the allowable stress table for safety factor calculations [SFACT ,SFCALC]. Use the STAT command to list current allowable stress table. Repeat SALLOW to zero table and redefine points (6 maximum). Safety factor calculations are not supported by PowerGraphics. Both the SALLOW and TALLOW file://D:\Documents%20and%20Settings\Administrator\Local%20Settings\Temp\~hh... 20.05.2004
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Menu Paths
Main Menu>General Postproc>Safety Factor>Constant Main Menu>General Postproc>Safety Factor>Reset Stress Main Menu>General Postproc>Safety Factor>Temp-depend
Prev SADD Prev SARPLOT S Commands
Next SARPLOT Next
SARPLOT
Name
SARPLOT , Prefer, VALUE Displays areas smaller than a specified size (for models imported from CAD files). group: PREP7:CAD Repair product: MP ME ST DY PR EM FL PP ED
Prefer
Preference for area display. If Prefer = FACTOR, the command displays all areas whose size is smaller than the size of the average area within the model times VALUE. This is the default preference. If Prefer = AREA, the command displays all areas that are smaller than that specified by VALUE. If Prefer = NARROW, the command displays all areas that have an aspect ratio greater than VALUE (useful for finding "sliver" areas).
VALUE
Numeric value used as argument for Prefer.
Notes
Use this command to locate and display disproportionately small areas when repairing the geometry of models imported from CAD files. Areas matching the criteria specified in Prefer and VALUE both display in a different color and include their IDs. This command is available only for models imported through the Default IGES option.
Menu Paths
S Commands Main Menu>Preprocessor>Simplify>Small Areas
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Prev SALLOW Prev SAVE S Commands
Next SAVE Next
SAVE
Name
SAVE, Fname, Ext, Dir, Slab Saves all current database information. group: DATABASE:Set Up product: MP ME ST DY PR EM EH FL PP ED
Fname
Ext

Dir

Slab
Mode for saving the database: ALL -Save the model data, solution data and post data (element tables, path results, etc.), (default). MODEL -Save the model data (solid model, finite element model, loadings, etc.) only. SOLU --
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Page 8 of 165
Notes
Saves all current database information to a file ( File.DB). In interactive mode, an existing File.DB is first written to a backup file ( File.DBB). In batch mode, an existing File.DB is replaced by the current database information with no backup. The command should be issued periodically to insure a current file back-up in case of a system "crash" or a "line drop." It may also be issued before a "doubtful" command so that if the result is not what was intended the database may be easily restored to the previous state. A save may be time consuming for large models. Repeated use of this command overwrites the previous data on the file (but a backup file is first written during an interactive run). When issued from within POST1, the nodal boundary conditions in the database (which were read from the results file) will overwrite the nodal boundary conditions existing on the database file. This command is valid in any processor.
Menu Paths
Utility Menu>File>Save as Utility Menu>File>Save as Jobname.db
Prev SARPLOT Prev SBCLIST S Commands
Next SBCLIST Next
SBCLIST
Name
SBCLIST Lists solid model boundary conditions. group: SOLUTION:Misc Loads product: MP ME ST PR EM PP ED
Notes
Lists all solid model boundary conditions for the selected solid model entities. See also DKLIST, DLLIST, DALIST, FKLIST, SFLLIST, SFALIST, BFLLIST, BFALIST, BFVLIST and BFKLIST to list items separately. This command is valid in any processor.
Menu Paths
S Commands Utility Menu>List>Loads>Solid Model Loads
Page 9 of 165
Prev SAVE Prev SBCTRAN S Commands
Next SBCTRAN Next
SBCTRAN
Name
SBCTRAN Transfers solid model loads and boundary conditions to the FE model. group: SOLUTION:Misc Loads product: MP ME ST PR EM PP ED
Notes
Causes a manual transfer of solid model loads and boundary conditions to the finite element model. Loads and boundary conditions on unselected keypoints, lines, areas, and volumes are not transferred. Boundary conditions and loads will not be transferred to unselected nodes or elements. The SBCTRAN operation is also automatically done upon initiation of the solution calculations [SOLVE ]. This command is also valid in PREP7.
Menu Paths
Main Menu>Preprocessor>Loads>Operate>All Solid Lds Main Menu>Solution>Operate>All Solid Lds
Prev SBCLIST Prev SDELETE S Commands
Next SDELETE Next
SDELETE
Name
SDELETE, SFIRST, SLAST, SINC, KNOCLEAN Deletes cross sections from the ANSYS database.
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SFIRST
First section ID to be deleted; defaults to first available section in the database.

SLAST
Last section ID to be deleted; defaults to last available section in the database.

SINC
Increment of the section ID; defaults to 1.

KNOCLEAN
Pretension element clean-up key (pretension sections only). 0 -Perform clean-up of pretension elements (delete pretension elements and reconnect elements split during PSMESH). 1 -Do not perform clean-up.
Notes
Deletes one or more specified sections and their associated data from the ANSYS database.
Menu Paths
Main Menu>Preprocessor>Sections>Delete Section
Prev SBCTRAN Prev SE S Commands
Next SE Next
SE
Name
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S Commands SE, File, --, --, TOLER Defines a superelement. group: PREP7:Superelements product: MP ME ST PR EM EH PP ED
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File Jobname (8 Jobname. --, --
character maximum) of file containing superelement. Defaults to the current
Unused fields.
TOLER
Tolerance used to determine if use pass nodes are non-coincident with master nodes having the same node numbers. Defaults to 0.0001. Use pass nodes will always be replaced by master nodes of the same node number. However, if a use pass node is more than TOLER away from the corresponding master node, a warning is generated.
Notes
Defines a superelement by reading in the superelement matrices and master nodes from the superelement matrix file. The matrix file ( File.SUB) must be available from the substructure generation pass. The proper element type (MATRIX50) must be active [ TYPE] for this command. A scratch file called File.SORD showing the superelement names and their corresponding element numbers is also written.
Menu Paths
Main Menu>Preprocessor>Create>Elements>From .SUB File
Prev SDELETE Prev SECCONTROLS S Commands
Next SECCONTROLS Next
SECCONTROLS
Name
SECCONTROLS VAL1, VAL2, VAL3, VAL4, VAL5, VAL6, VAL7 Overrides program calculated properties.
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VAL1, VAL2, VAL3, VAL4, VAL5, VAL6, VAL7
Values, such as the length of a side or the numbers of cells along the width, that describe the geometry of a section. See the Notes section of this command description for details about these values for the various section types.
Notes
The SECCONTROLS command is divided into two types: BEAMS and SHELLS . The beam type is listed first, followed by the shell type. Values are associated with the most recently issued SECTYPE command. The data required is determined by the section type, and is different for each type. SECCONTROLS overrides the program calculated transverse shear stiffness.
BEAMS
Type: BEAM
Data to be supplied in the value fields: TXZ, ---, TXY, ADDMAS TXZ = User transverse shear stiffness. --- = Unused field. TXY = User transverse shear stiffness. ADDMAS = Added mass per unit length.
SHELLS
Type: SHELL
Data to be supplied in the value fields: E11, E22, E12, ADDMAS, MEMSCF, BENSCF, DRLSTIF
E11 E22 E12
= User transverse shear stiffness. = User transverse shear stiffness. = User transverse shear stiffness.
= Added mass per unit area. MEMSCF = Hourglass control membrane scale factor. BENSCF = Hourglass control bending scale factor. DRLSTIF =Drill stiffness scale factor.
ADDMAS
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Menu Paths
Main Menu>Preprocessor>Sections>Shell - Add/Edit Main Menu>Preprocessor>Sections>-Beam -Sect Control
Prev SE Prev SECDATA S Commands
Next SECDATA Next
SECDATA
Name
SECDATA, VAL1, VAL2 , VAL3, VAL4, VAL5, VAL6, VAL7, VAL8, VAL9, VAL10 Describes the geometry of a section. group: PREP7:Cross Sections product: MP ME ST PR PP ED
VAL1, VAL2, VAL3, VAL4, VAL5, VAL6, VAL7, VAL8, VAL9, VAL10
Values, such as thickness or the length of a side or the numbers of cells along the width, that describe the geometry of a section. The terms VAL1, VAL2, etc. are specialized for each type of cross-section. See the Notes section of this command description for details about these values for the various section types.
Notes
The SECDATA command is divided into two types: BEAMS and SHELLS. The beam types are collectively listed first, followed by the shells. SECDATA defines the data describing the geometry of a section. The data input on the SECDATA command is interpreted based on the most recently issued SECTYPE command. The data required is determined by the section type and subtype, and is different for each one.
BEAMS
Beam sections are referenced by the BEAM44, BEAM188, or BEAM189 elements. A section made of multiple materials cannot be modeled using BEAM44. Not all SECOFFSET location values are valid for each subtype.
Type: BEAM, Subtype: RECT
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Data to be supplied in the value fields: B, H, Nb, Nh B = Width H = Height Nb = Number of cells along width; default = 2 Nh = Number of cells along height; default = 2 Nb*Nh
Type: BEAM,Subtype: QUAD
Data to be supplied in the value fields: yI, zI, yJ, zJ, yK, zK, yL, zL, Ng, Nh yI, zI, yJ, zJ, yK, zK, yL, zL = Coordinate location of various points Ng = Number of cells along g; default = 2 Nh = Number of cells along h; default = 2 Ng*Nh
Note
Degeneration to triangle is permitted by specifying the same coordinates for cells along an edge.
Type: BEAM,Subtype: CSOLID

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Data to be supplied in the value fields: R, N, T R = Radius N = Number of divisions around the circumference. T = Number of divisions through the radius
Type: BEAM,Subtype: CTUBE
Data to be supplied in the value fields: Ri, Ro, N Ri = Inner radius of the tube Ro = Outer radius of the tube N = Number of cells along the circumference; default = 8
Type: BEAM,Subtype: CHAN
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Data to be supplied in the value fields: W1, W2, W3, t1, t2, t3 W1, W2 = Lengths of the flanges W3 = Overall depth t1, t2 = Flange thicknesses t3 = Web thicknesses
Type: BEAM,Subtype: I
Data to be supplied in the value fields: W1, W2, W3, t1, t2, t3 W1, W2 = Width of the top and bottom flanges W3 = Overall depth t1, t2 = Flange thicknesses t3 = Web thicknesses
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Type: BEAM,Subtype: Z
Data to be supplied in the value fields: W1, W2, W3, t1, t2, t3 W1, W2 = Flange lengths W3 = Overall depth t1, t2 = Flange thicknesses t3 = Stem thicknesses
Type: BEAM,Subtype: L
Data to be supplied in the value fields: W1, W2, t1, t2 W1, W2 = Leg lengths t1, t2 = Leg thicknesses
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Type: BEAM,Subtype: T
Data to be supplied in the value fields: W1, W2, t1, t2 W1 = Flange width W2 = Overall depth t1 = Flange thicknesses t2 = Stem thicknesses
Type: BEAM,Subtype: HATS
Data to be supplied in the value fields: W1, W2, W3, W4, t1, t2, t3, t4, t5 W1, W2 = Width of the brim W3 = Width of the top of the hat W4 = Overall depth
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t1, t2
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= Thickness of the brim t3 = Thickness of the top of the hat t4, t5 = Web thicknesses
Type: BEAM,Subtype: HREC
Data to be supplied in the value fields: W1, W2, t1, t2, t3, t4 W1 = Outer width of the box W2 = Outer height of the box t1, t2, t3, t4 = Wall thickness
Type: BEAM,Subtype: ASEC

Arbitrary: User-supplied integrated section properties instead of basic geometry data. Data to be supplied in the value fields: A, Iyy, Iyz, Izz, Iw, J, CGy, CGz, SHy, SHz A = Area of section Iyy = Moment of inertia about the y axis Iyz = Product of inertia Izz = Moment of inertia about the z axis Iw = Not supported (for future use -- sum of the moments of inertia) J = Torsional constant CGy = Y coordinate of centroid CGz = Z coordinate of centroid SHy = Y coordinate of shear center SHz = Z coordinate of shear center SECPLOT cannot display an ASEC plot.
Type: BEAM,Subtype: MESH

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User-defined mesh. Data required is created by the SECWRITE command and is read into ANSYS by the SECREAD command. See the SECREAD command for more information about this data. When user mesh is input using SECREAD, ANSYS calculates the area, second moments of inertia, centroid, torsion constant, warping rigidity, and shear center. If you redefine a material for a composite cross-section after creating the section, you must reissue the SECREAD command.
SHELLS
Type: SHELL
Shell sections are referenced by the SHELL181 element. Data to be supplied in the value fields: TK, MAT, THETA, NUMPT TK = Thickness of shell layer. Use zero for a ply drop-off. Sum of all layer thicknesses must be greater than zero. MAT = Material ID for layer (any 18x material model even UserMat). MATID is required for a composite (milti-layered) laminate, i.e. no default. For homogeneous (single-layered) shell, default is MAT command setting. TREF command supported, but not MP,REFT for each layer. THETA = Angle (in degrees) of layer element coordinate system w.r.t. element coordinate system (ESYS) NUMPT = Number of integration points in layer. The GUI permits 1, 3, 5, 7, or 9 points. However a higher odd number may be specified in the command. The integration rule used is Simpson's Rule. Use the SECDATA command for each layer in the section.
Menu Paths
Main Menu>Preprocessor>Sections>Add / Edit Main Menu>Preprocessor>Sections>Common Sectns
Prev SECCONTROLS Prev SECFUNCTION S Commands
Next SECFUNCTION Next
SECFUNCTION
Name
SECFUNCTION, TABLE Specifies shell section thickness as a tabular function.
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TABLE
Table name reference for specifying tabular thickness as a function of global XYZ coordinates. To specify a table, enclose the table name in percent signs (%), e.g. SECFUNCTION ,% tabname%). Use the *DIM command to define a table.
Notes
The table defined by the SECFUNCTION command is associated with the section most recently defined using the SECTYPE command. The table defines your total shell thickness at any point in space. In multi-layered sections, the total thickness and each layer thickness are scaled accordingly. The Function Builder is a convenient way to define your thickness tables. (Utility Menu>Parameters>Functions>Define/Edit) To learn more about the Function Builder see Using the Function Editor of the ANSYS Basic Analysis Guide.
Menu Paths
Utility Menu>Parameters>Functions>Define/Edit
Prev SECDATA Prev /SECLIB S Commands
Next /SECLIB Next
/SECLIB
Name
/SECLIB, Option, Path Sets the default section library path for the SECREAD command. group: PREP7:Cross Sections product: MP ME ST PP ED
S Commands
Option
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READ -Sets the read path (default). STATUS -Reports the current section library path setting to the Jobname.LOG file.
Path
Defines the directory path from which to read section library files.
Notes
When the SECREAD command is issued without a directory path, the command searches for a section library in the following order:
?
The user's home directory The current working directory The path specified by the /SECLIB command
Menu Paths
Main Menu>Preprocessor>Sections>Section Library>Library Path
Prev SECFUNCTION Prev SECMODIF S Commands
Next SECMODIF Next
SECMODIF
Name
SECMODIF, SECID, Kywrd Modifies a pretension section group: PREP7:Cross Sections product: MP ME ST PP ED
If Kywrd = NORM, command format is SECMODIF, SECID, NORM, NX, NY, NZ, KCN
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Unique section number. This number must already be assigned to a section.

NORM
Keyword specifying that the command will modify the pretension section normal direction.
NX, NY, NZ
Specifies the individual normal components to modify.

KCN
Coordinate system number. This can be either 0 (Global Cartesian), 1 (Global Cylindrical) 2 (Global Spherical), 4 (Working Plane), 5 (Global Y AxisCylindrical) or an arbitrary reference number assigned to a coordinate system. If Kywrd = NAME, the command format is SECMODIF, SECID, NAME, Name
SECID
Unique section number. This number must already be assigned to a section.

NAME
Action key that instructs the command to change the name of the specified pretension section.
Name
The new name to be assigned to the pretension section.
Notes
The SECMODIF command either modifies the normal for a specified pretension section, or changes the name of the specified pretension surface.
Menu Paths
Main Menu>Preprocessor>Sections>Modify Name Main Menu>Preprocessor>Sections>Modify Normal
Prev /SECLIB Prev SECNUM S Commands
Next SECNUM Next
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SECNUM
Name
SECNUM, SECID Sets the element section attribute pointer. group: PREP7:Cross Sections product: MP ME ST PR PP ED
SECID
Defines the section ID number to be assigned to the subsequently-defined elements by the LMESH, E, or EN commands. Defaults to 1. See SECTYPE for more information about the section ID number.
Menu Paths
Prev SECMODIF Prev SECOFFSET S Commands
Next SECOFFSET Next
SECOFFSET
Name
SECOFFSET, Location, OFFSET1, OFFSET2, CG-Y, CG-Z, SH-Y, SH-Z Defines the section offset for cross sections. group: PREP7:Cross Sections product: MP ME ST PR PP ED
Location, OFFSET1, OFFSET2, CG-Y, CG-Z, SH-Y, SH-Z
The location of the nodes in the section. All are dependent on the type. See the Notes section of this command description for details about these values for the various section types.
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Notes
The SECOFFSET command is divided into two types: BEAMS and SHELLS . The beam types are collectively listed first, followed by the shell types. The offsets defined by the SECOFFSET command are associated with the section most recently defined using the SECTYPE command. Not all SECOFFSET location values are valid for each subtype.
BEAMS
Type: BEAM
Data to be supplied in the value fields:
Location, OFFSETY, OFFSETZ, CG-Y, CG-Z, SH-Y, SH-Z Location
CENT -Beam node will be offset to centroid (default). SHRC -Beam node will be offset to shear center. ORIGIN -Beam node will be offset to origin of the cross section. USER -Beam node will be offset to the location specified by the OFFSETY and OFFSETZ arguments.
OFFSETY, OFFSETZ
Values that locate the node with respect to the default origin of the cross section when the Location argument is set to USER. Valid only when USER is set. The following figure illustrates the offsets for a channel cross section, and shows the relative locations of SHRC and CENT. Offsets for a CHAN Section Subtype
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CG-Y, CG-Z, SH-Y, SH-Z
Override the program-calculated centroid and shear centroid locations.
Note
This option should only be used by advanced users modeling composite cross sections.
SHELLS
Type: SHELL
Data to be supplied in the value fields:
Location, OFFSET Location
TOP -Shell node will be offset to top of the section. MID -Shell node will be offset to mid-plane of the section (default). BOT -Shell node will be offset to bottom of the section. USER -Shell node will be offset to the location specified by the OFFSET argument.
OFFSET
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Value that locates the node with respect to the default origin of the section when the Location argument is set to USER. Valid only when USER is set.
Menu Paths
Main Menu>Preprocessor>Sections>Add / Edit Main Menu>Preprocessor>Sections>Common Sectns Main Menu>Preprocessor>Sections>Custom Sectns>Read Sect Mesh
Prev SECNUM Prev SECPLOT S Commands
Next SECPLOT Next
SECPLOT
Name
SECPLOT, SECID, VAL1, VAL2 Plots the geometry of a beam or shell section to scale. group: PREP7:Cross Sections product: MP ME ST PP ED
SECID
The section ID number as defined by the SECTYPE command.

VAL1, VAL2
Values that control the information to be plotted. See the Notes section of this command description for details about these values for the various section types. The names VAL1 and VAL2 are renamed for each type of section.
Notes
The SECPLOT command is valid only for BEAMS and SHELLS. SECPLOT cannot display the plot of an ASEC (arbitrary section) subtype.
BEAMS
Plots the geometry of the beam section to scale depicting the centroid, shear center, and origin. SECPLOT also lists various section properties such as Iyy, Iyz, and Izz.
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MESHKEY
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Displays or suppresses display of beam section mesh. 0 -Does not display beam section mesh. 1 -Displays beam section mesh. A sample section plot for the CHAN section subtype is shown below. SECPLOT Beams Sample
SHELLS
Plots the layer arrangement of the shell section showing the layer material and orientation. file://D:\Documents%20and%20Settings\Administrator\Local%20Settings\Temp\~hh... 20.05.2004
S Commands Data to be supplied in the value fields:

LAYR1, LAYR2
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Range of layer numbers to be displayed. If LAYR1 is greater than LAYR2, a reversed order display is produced. Up to 20 layers may be displayed at a time. LAYR1 defaults to 1. LAYR2 defaults to LAYR1 if LAYR1 is input or to the number of layers (or to 19+LAYR1, if smaller) if LAYR1 is not input. A sample section plot for the SHELL section type is shown below. SECPLOT Shells Sample
Menu Paths
Main Menu>Preprocessor>Sections>Plot Section
Prev SECOFFSET Prev SECREAD S Commands
Next SECREAD Next
SECREAD
Name
S Commands
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SECREAD, Fname, Ext , Dir, Option Reads a customized beam section library or a user-defined beam section mesh into ANSYS. group: PREP7:Cross Sections product: MP ME ST PR PP ED
Fname
Section library file name (32 characters maximum). The file name defaults to Jobname if Fname is left blank.
Ext
Filename extension (8 character maximum). The extension defaults to SECT if Ext is left blank.
Dir
Directory name (64 characters maximum). When the SECREAD command is given without a directory path, the command searches for a section library in the following order: ? The user's home directory
?
The current working directory The path specified by the /SECLIB command
Option
LIBRARY -Reads in a library of sections and their associated section data values; the default. A section library may be created by editing the section-defining portions of the Jobname.LOG file and saving it with a .SECT suffix. MESH -Reads in a user mesh section file containing the cell connectivity, cell flags, and nodal coordinates for the current beam section of subtype MESH as defined by SECTYPE. See the Notes section of this command description for details about user mesh section files. SECWRITE builds mesh files based on 2-D models you create.
Notes
Sample User Section Cell Mesh File
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Here are excerpts from a sample user section mesh file for a section with 75 nodes, 13 cells, and 9 nodes per cell for a two -hole box section. Illustrations of the two-hole box section and the cell mesh for it appear later in this command description.
75 First Line: Cells Section: 13 1 3 5 7 9 23 3 5 7 9 11 25 25 27 29 31 33 47 73 75 77 23 25 27 29 31 45 71 73 75 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 10.00 10.00 2 4 6 8 10 24 50 52 54 14 16 18 20 22 36 62 64 66 24 26 28 30 32 46 72 74 76 12 14 16 18 20 34 60 62 64 13 15 17 19 21 35 61 63 65 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
... 49 51 51 53 53 55 0.0 0.025 0.05 5.0175 19.98 20.00
Nodes Section:
0 0 0 0 ... 0 0
The mesh file is divided into three sections: the First Line, the Cells Section, and the Nodes Section. Here are brief descriptions of the contents of each. First Line: The First Line defines the number of nodes and the number of cells for the mesh. Cells Section: The Cells Section contains as many lines as there are cells. In this example, there are thirteen cells, so there are thirteen lines in this section. In each line, the number 1 that follows the cell connectivity information is the material number. Cell nodal connectivity must be given in a counter-clockwise direction, with the center node being the ninth node. For details, see Cell Mesh for the Two -hole Box Section. Nodes Section: The Nodes Section contains as many lines as there are nodes. In this example, there are 75 nodes, so there are a total of 75 lines in this section. Each node line contains the node's boundary flag, the Y coordinate of the node, and the Z coordinate of the node. Currently, all node boundary flags appear as 0s in a cell mesh file (as illustrated in Two-hole Box Section). Since all node boundary flags are 0, SECREAD ignores them when it reads a cell mesh file into ANSYS. There cannot be any gaps in the node numbering of a cell mesh. The nodes in a cell mesh must be numbered consecutively, with the first node having a node number of 1, and the last node having a node number that is equal to the maximum number of nodes in the cell mesh. Two-hole Box Section
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Cell Mesh for the Two -hole Box Section
Menu Paths
Main Menu>Preprocessor>Sections>Custom Sectns>Read Sect Mesh Main Menu>Preprocessor>Sections>Section Library>Import Library
Prev SECPLOT Prev SECTYPE S Commands
Next SECTYPE Next
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SECTYPE
Name
SECTYPE, SECID, Type, Subtype, Name, REFINEKEY Associates section type information with a section ID number. group: PREP7:Cross Sections product: MP ME ST PR PP ED
SECID
Section identification number.

Type
BEAM -Defines a beam section. See subtypes below. SHELL -Defines a shell.
Subtype
When Type = BEAM, the possible beam sections that can be defined for Subtype are: RECT Rectangle QUAD Quadrilateral CSOLID Circular solid CTUBE Circular tube CHAN Channel I I-shaped section Z Z-shaped section L L-shaped section T T-shaped section HATS Hat-shaped section HREC Hollow rectangle or box ASEC Arbitrary section -- integrated cross-section inertia properties supplied by user User-defined mesh -- see the SECREAD command for more information about this MESH data The following figure shows the shape of each cross section subtype:
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See the SECDATA command for detailed illustrations of the BEAM section subtypes and their associated geometric data.
Name
An 8-character name for the section. Name can be a string such as "W36X210" or "HP13X73" for beam sections. Name must follow ANSYS naming conventions. Section names may contain letters and numbers, but cannot contain punctuation, special characters, or spaces.
REFINEKEY
Sets mesh refinement level for thin-walled beam sections. Values are 0 (the default - no mesh refinement) to 5 (high level of mesh refinement).
Notes
SECTYPE sets the section ID number, section type, and subtype for a section. If the section ID number is not specified, ANSYS increments the highest section ID number currently defined in the database by one. A previously-defined section with the same identification number will be redefined. The geometry data describing this section type is defined by a subsequent SECDATA command. Define the offsets by a subsequent SECOFFSET command. For a beam section, ANSYS builds a numeric model using a nine node cell for determining the properties (Ixx, Iyy, etc.) of the section and for the solution to the Poisson's equation for torsional behavior. The SLIST command lists the section properties, and the SECPLOT command displays the section to scale. The SECNUM command assigns the section ID number to a subsequently-defined beam element. See Beam Analysis and Cross Sections in the ANSYS Structural Analysis Guide for examples using the section commands.
Menu Paths
Main Menu>Preprocessor>Sections>Add / Edit Main Menu>Preprocessor>Sections>Common Sectns Main Menu>Preprocessor>Sections>Custom Sectns>Read Sect Mesh
Prev SECREAD
Next SECWRITE
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Prev
Next
SECWRITE
Name
SECWRITE, Fname, Ext, Dir, ELEM_TYPE Creates an ASCII file containing user mesh section information. group: PREP7:Cross Sections product: MP ME ST PR PP ED
Fname
File name (32 characters maximum). The file name defaults to Jobname if Fname is left blank.
Ext
Filename extension (8 character maximum). The extension defaults to SECT if Ext is left blank.
Dir

ELEM_TYPE
Element type attribute pointer (ET) for the elements that are part of the section. See SECREAD for a detailed description.
Notes
Before creating a user mesh file, you must create a model using ANSYS 2D meshing capabilities. Use PLANE82 or MESH200 with KEYOPT(1) = 7 (quadrilateral with 8 nodes option) to model the cells. SECWRITE creates an ASCII file that contains information about the nodes and cells that describe a beam section. For detailed information on how to create a user mesh file, see Managing Cross Section and User Mesh Libraries in the ANSYS Structural Analysis Guide.
Menu Paths
Main Menu>Preprocessor>Sections>Custom Sectns>Write From Areas
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Prev SECTYPE Prev SED S Commands
Next SED Next
SED
Name
SED, SEDX, SEDY, SEDZ Defines the excitation direction for a single-point response spectrum. group: SOLUTION:Spectrum Options product: MP ME ST PR PP ED
SEDX, SEDY, SEDZ
Global Cartesian coordinates of a point that defines a line (through the origin) corresponding to the excitation direction. For example: 0.0, 1.0, 0.0 defines global Y as the spectrum direction. Spectrum values are not scaled with this input.
Notes
Menu Paths
Main Menu>Preprocessor>Loads>Spectrum>Settings Main Menu>Preprocessor>Loads>Spectrum>DDAM Options Main Menu>Solution>Spectrum>Settings Main Menu>Solution>Spectrum>DDAM Options
Prev SECWRITE Prev SEDLIST S Commands
Next SEDLIST Next
SEDLIST
Name
S Commands
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SEDLIST , Sename, KOPT Lists the DOF solution of a superelement after the use pass. group: PREP7:Superelements product: MP ME ST PP ED
Sename
Name of the superelement on File.DSUB to be listed. If a number, it is the element number of the superelement as used in the use pass. If ALL, list results for all superelements.
KOPT
List key: 0 -List summary data only. 1 -List full contents. Warning, listing may be extensive.
Notes
Lists the degree of freedom solution of a superelement after the substructure use pass. Results may be listed for any superelement on File.DSUB. This command is valid in any processor.
Menu Paths
Main Menu>General Postproc>List Results>Superelem DOF Utility Menu>List>Results>Superelem DOF Solu
Prev SED Prev SEEXP S Commands
Next SEEXP Next
SEEXP
Name
SEEXP , Sename, Usefil, Imagky Specifies options for the substructure expansion pass.
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Sename
Name of the superelement matrix file created by the substructure generation pass (Sename.SUB). Defaults to the initial Jobname File. If a number, it is the element number of the superelement as used in the use pass.
Usefil
Name of the file containing the superelement degree-of-freedom (DOF) solution created by the substructure use pass (Usefil.DSUB).
Imagky
Key to specify use of the imaginary component of the DOF solution. Applicable only if the use pass is a harmonic (ANTYPE,HARMIC) analysis: OFF -Use real component of DOF solution (default). ON -Use imaginary component of DOF solution.
Notes
Specifies options for the expansion pass of the substructure analysis (ANTYPE,SUBSTR). If used in SOLUTION, this command is valid only within the first load step. This command is also valid in PREP7.
Menu Paths
Main Menu>Preprocessor>Loads>ExpansionPass>Expand Superelem Main Menu>Solution>ExpansionPass>Expand Superelem
Prev SEDLIST Prev /SEG S Commands
Next /SEG Next
/SEG
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Name
/SEG, Label, Aviname , DELAY Allows graphics data to be stored in the local terminal memory. group: GRAPHICS:Set Up DISPLAY:Set Up product: MP ME ST DY PR EM FL PP ED
Label
Storage key: SINGL -Store subsequent display in a single segment (overwrites last storage). MULTI -Store subsequent displays in unique segments [ANIM]. DELET -Delete all currently stored segments. OFF -Stop storing display data in segments. STAT -Display segment status. PC -This option only applies to PC versions of ANSYS and only when animating via the AVI movie player (i.e., /DEVICE,ANIM,2). This command appends frames to the File.AVI, so that the animation goes in both directions (i.e., forward--backward-forward). You must have a current animation file to use this option.
Aviname
Name of the animation file that will be created when each frame is saved. The .AVI extension is applied automatically. Defaults to Jobname.AVI if no filename is specified.
DELAY
Delay factor between each frame, in seconds. Defaults to 0.015 seconds if no value is specified.
Command Default
S Commands No segment storage.
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Notes
Allows graphics data to be stored in the terminal local memory (device-dependent). Storage occurs concurrently with the display. Although the information from your graphics winodw is stored as an individual segment, you cannot plot directly (GPLOT) from the segment memory. For the DISPLAY program, the Aviname and DELAY fields are ignored. This command is valid in any processor.
Menu Paths
Utility Menu>PlotCtrls>Redirect Plots>Delete Segments Utility Menu>PlotCtrls>Redirect Plots>Segment Status Utility Menu>PlotCtrls>Redirect Plots>To Segment Memory
Prev SEEXP Prev SELIST S Commands
Next SELIST Next
SELIST
Name
SELIST, Sename, KOPT Lists the contents of a superelement matrix file. group: PREP7:Superelements product: MP ME ST PP ED
Sename
Name of the superelement matrix file created by the substructure generation pass (Sename.SUB). Defaults to the current Jobname. If a number, it is the element number of the superelement as used in the use pass.
KOPT
List key:
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Notes
Menu Paths
Utility Menu>List>Other>Superelem Data
Prev /SEG Prev SELM S Commands
Next SELM Next
SELM
Name
SELM Specifies "Superelements" as the subsequent status topic. group: PREP7:Status product: MP ME ST DY PR EM FL PP ED
Notes
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Menu Paths
Utility Menu>List>Status>Preprocessor>Superelements
Prev SELIST Prev SENERGY S Commands
Next SENERGY Next
SENERGY
Name
SENERGY, OPT, ANTYPE Determines the stored magnetic energy or co-energy. group: POST1:Magnetics Calculations product: MP ME ST EM PP ED
OPT
Item to be calculated: 0 -Stored magnetic energy. 1 -Stored magnetic co-energy.

ANTYPE
Analysis type: 0 -Static or transient. 1 -Harmonic.
Notes
SENERGY invokes an ANSYS macro which calculates the stored magnetic energy or co-energy for all selected elements. (For a harmonic analysis, the macro calculates a time-averaged (rms) stored
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energy.) A summary table listing the energy by material number is produced. The energy density is also calculated and stored on a per-element basis in the element table [ETABLE] with the label MG_ENG (energy density) or MG_COENG (co-energy density). The macro erases all other items in the element table [ETABLE] and only retains the energy density or co-energy density. Use the PLETAB and PRETAB commands to plot and list the energy density. The macro is valid for static and low-frequency magnetic field formulations. The macro will not calculate stored energy and coenergy for the following cases:
?
Orthotropic nonlinear permanent magnets. Orthotropic nonlinear permeable materials. Temperature dependent materials.
SENERGY is restricted to MKSA units.
Menu Paths
Main Menu>General Postproc>Elec&Mag Calc>Co-Energy Main Menu>General Postproc>Elec&Mag Calc>Energy
Prev SELM Prev SEOPT S Commands
Next SEOPT Next
SEOPT
Name
SEOPT, Sename, SEMATR, SEPR, SESST Specifies substructure analysis options. group: SOLUTION:Analysis Options product: MP ME ST PP ED
Sename
Name assigned to the superelement matrix file. The matrix file will be named Sename.SUB. This field defaults to Fname on the /FILNAME command.
SEMATR
Matrix generation key: 1 --
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S Commands Generate stiffness (or conductivity) matrix (default). 2 -Generate stiffness and mass (or conductivity and specific heat) matrices. 3 -Generate stiffness, mass and damping matrices.
SEPR
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Print key: 0 -Do not print superelement matrices or load vectors. 1 -Print both load vectors and superelement matrices. 2 -Print load vectors but not matrices.
SESST
Stress stiffening key: 0 -Do not save space for stress stiffening in a later run. 1 -Save space for the stress stiffening matrix (calculated in a subsequent generation run after the expansion pass).
Notes
Specifies substructure analysis options (ANTYPE,SUBSTR). If used in SOLUTION, this command is valid only within the first load step. This command is also valid in PREP7.
Menu Paths
Prev
Next
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S Commands SENERGY Prev SESYMM S Commands
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SESYMM
Name
SESYMM, Sename, Ncomp, INC, File, Ext, Dir Performs a symmetry operation on a superelement within the use pass. group: PREP7:Superelements product: MP ME ST PP ED
Sename
Name of the superelement matrix file created by the substructure generation pass (Sename.SUB). Defaults to the current Jobname. If a number, it is the element number of a previously defined superelement in the current use pass.
Ncomp

INC
Increment all nodes in the superelement by INC.

File
File name (32 characters maximum). This field must be input.

Ext
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S Commands Filename extension (8 character maximum). The extension defaults to SUB.

Dir
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Notes
Performs a symmetry operation on a superelement within the substructure use pass by reversing the sign of component Ncomp in the global Cartesian coordinate system. The node numbers are incremented by INC. The new superelement is written to File.SUB in the current directory (by default). All master node nodal coordinate systems must be global Cartesian (no rotated nodes allowed). The maximum number of transformations for a given superelement is five (including SETRAN, SESYMM, and the large rotation transformation if NLGEOM is ON in the use pass).
Menu Paths
Main Menu>Preprocessor>Create>Elements>By Reflection
Prev SEOPT Prev SET S Commands
Next SET Next
SET
Name
SET, Lstep, SBSTEP, FACT, KIMG, TIME, ANGLE, NSET Defines the data set to be read from the results file. group: POST1:Set Up product: MP ME ST DY PR EM FL PP ED
Lstep
Load step number of the data set to be read (defaults to 1): N -Read load step N.
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S Commands FIRST -Read the first data set ( SBSTEP and TIME are ignored). LAST -Read the last data set (SBSTEP and TIME are ignored). NEXT --
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Read the next data set ( SBSTEP and TIME are ignored). If at the last data set, the first data set will be read as the next. PREVIOUS -Read the previous data set ( SBSTEP and TIME are ignored). If at the first data set, the last data set will be read as the previous. NEAR -Read the data set nearest to TIME (SBSTEP is ignored). If TIME is blank, read the first data set. LIST -Scan the results file and list a summary of each load step. (FACT, KIMG, TIME and ANGLE are ignored.)
SBSTEP
Substep number (within Lstep). For the Buckling (ANTYPE,BUCKLE) analysis or the Modal (ANTYPE,MODAL) analysis, the substep corresponds to the mode number. Defaults to last substep of load step (except for ANTYPE,BUCKLE or MODAL). If Lstep = LIST, SBSTEP = 0 or 1 lists the basic step information, whereas SBSTEP = 2 also lists the load step title, and labels imaginary data sets if they exist. Default maximum is 1000. When the number of substeps exceeds this limit, you need to issue SET,Lstep,LAST to bring in the 1000th load step. Use /CONFIG to increase the limit.
FACT
Scale factor applied to data read from the file. If zero (or blank), a value of 1.0 is used. A nonzero factor excludes non-summable items (see the ANSYS Basic Analysis Guide). Harmonic velocities or accelerations may be calculated from the displacement results from a Modal (ANTYPE,MODAL) or Harmonic Response (ANTYPE,HARMIC) analyses. If FACT = VELO, the harmonic velocities (v) are calculated from the displacements (d) at a particular frequency (f) according to the relationship v = 2 fd. Similarly, if FACT = ACEL, the harmonic accelerations (a) are calculated as a = (2 f) 2d.
KIMG
Used only with results from complex analyses. 0 --
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S Commands Store real part of complex solution. 1 --
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Store imaginary part. (Note--For damped modal solutions, the imaginary part of the eigenvalue represents the frequency of the system.)
TIME
Time-point identifying the data set to be read. For the harmonic response analyses, time corresponds to the frequency. For the buckling analysis, time corresponds to the load factor. Used only in the following cases: If Lstep = NEAR, read the data set nearest to TIME. If both Lstep and SBSTEP are zero (or blank), read data set at time = TIME. Do not use TIME to identify the data set to be read if you used the arc-length method [ARCLEN] in your solution. If TIME is between two solution time points on the results file, a linear interpolation is done between the two data sets. Solution items not written to the results file [OUTRES ] for either data set will result in a null item after data set interpolation. If TIME is beyond the last time point on the file, the last time point will be used.
ANGLE
Circumferential location (0.0 to 360). Defines the circumferential location for the harmonic calculations used when reading from the results file. The harmonic factor (based on the circumferential angle) is applied to the harmonic elements (PLANE25, PLANE75, PLANE78, FLUID81, PLANE83, and SHELL61) of the load case. See the ANSYS, Inc. Theory Reference for details.
Note
The factored values of applied constraints and loads will overwrite any values existing in the database. If ANGLE = NONE, all harmonic factors are set to 1 and postprocessing will yield the solution output. When using ANGLE = NONE with MODE>0, the combined stresses and strains are not valid. The default value of ANGLE is 0.0, but if the SET command is not used, the effective default is NONE.
NSET
Data set number of the data set to be read. If a positive value for NSET is entered, Lstep, SBSTEP, KIMG, and TIME are ignored. Available set numbers can be determined by SET,LIST.
Notes
Defines the data set to be read from the results file into the database. Various operations may also be performed during the read operation. The database must have the model geometry available (or use the RESUME command before the SET command to restore the geometry from File.DB). Values for applied constraints [D] and loads [F] in the database will be replaced by their corresponding values on the results file, if available (see the OUTRES command). In a single loadstep analysis, these values are usually the same, except for results from harmonic elements (see ANGLE above).
Menu Paths
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S Commands Main Menu>General Postproc>By Load Step Main Menu>General Postproc>By Set Number Main Menu>General Postproc>By Time/Freq Main Menu>General Postproc>First Set Main Menu>General Postproc>Last Set Main Menu>General Postproc>Next Set Main Menu>General Postproc>Previous Set Main Menu>General Postproc>List Results>Results Summary Main Menu>General Postproc>Results Summary
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Prev SESYMM Prev *SET S Commands
Next *SET Next
*SET
Name
*SET, Par, VALUE, VAL2, VAL3, VAL4, VAL5, VAL6, VAL7, VAL8, VAL9, VAL10 Assigns values to user-named parameters. group: APDL:Parameters product: MP ME ST DY PR EM FL PP ED
Par
An alphanumeric name used to identify this parameter. Par may be up to 32 characters, beginning with a letter and containing only letters, numbers, and underscores. Examples: ABC A3X TOP_END. ANSYS command names, function names, label names, component and assembly names, etc., should not be used. Parameter names beginning with an underscore (e.g., _LOOP) are reserved for use by ANSYS and should be avoided. Parameter names ending in an underscore are not listed by the *STATUS command. Array parameter names must be followed by a subscript, and the entire expression must be 32 characters or less. Examples: A(1,1) NEW_VAL(3,2,5) RESULT(1000). There is no character parameter substitution for the Par field. Table parameters that are used in command fields (where constant values are normally given) are limited to 32 characters.
VALUE
Numerical value or alphanumeric character string (up to 8 characters enclosed in single quotes) to be assigned to this parameter. Examples: A(1,3)=7.4 B='ABC3' May also be a parameter or a parametric expression. Examples: C=A(1,3) A(2,2)=(C+4)/2 If blank, delete this parameter. Example: A= deletes parameter A. file://D:\Documents%20and%20Settings\Administrator\Local%20Settings\Temp\~hh... 20.05.2004
S Commands
VAL2, VAL3, VAL4, VAL5, VAL6, VAL7, VAL8, VAL9, VAL10
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If Par is an array parameter, values VAL2 through VAL10 (up to the last non-blank value) are sequentially assigned to the succeeding array elements of the column. Example: *SET,A (1,4),10,11 assigns A(1,4)=10, A(2,4)=11. *SET,B(2,3),'file10','file11' assigns B(2,3)='file10', B(3,3)='file11'.
Notes
Assigns values to user-named parameters that may be substituted later in the run. The equivalent (and recommended) format is
Par
= VALUE,VAL2,VAL3,VAL4,VAL5,VAL6,VAL7,VAL8,VAL9,VAL10
which may be used in place of *SET,Par, ... for convenience. This command is valid in any processor.
Parameter Definitions
Parameters (numeric or character) may be scalars (single valued) or arrays (multiple valued in one, two, or three dimensions). Up to 5000 unique parameter names may be defined in any ANSYS run (fewer than 5000 are available due to GUI and ANSYS macro requirements); however, a single array parameter name can represent any number of values. Parameter values may be redefined at any time. Array parameters may also be assigned values within a do-loop [*DO] for convenience. Internally programmed do-loop commands are also available with the *VXX commands (*VFILL). Parameter values (except for parameters ending in an underscore) may be listed with the *STATUS command, displayed with the *VPLOT command (numeric parameters only), and modified with the *VEDIT command (numeric parameters only). Parameters can also be resolved in comments created by the /COM command (see /COM for complete documentation). A parameter can be deleted by redefining it with a blank VALUE. If the parameter is an array, the entire array is deleted. Parameters may also be defined by a response to a query with the *ASK command or from an "ANSYS supplied" value with the *GET command.
Array Parameters
Array parameters must be dimensioned [*DIM] before being assigned values. Scalar parameters that are not defined are initialized to a "near" zero value. Numeric array parameters are initialized to zero when dimensioned, and character array parameters are initialized to blank. An existing array parameter must be deleted before it can be redimensioned. Array parameter names must be followed by a subscript list (enclosed in parentheses) identifying the element of the array. The subscript list may have one, two, or three values (separated by commas). Typical array parameter elements are A (1,1), NEW_VAL(3,2,5), RESULT(1000). Subscripts for defining an array element must be integers (or parameter expressions that evaluate to integers). Non-integer values are rounded to the nearest integer value. All array parameters are stored as three-dimensional arrays with the unspecified dimensions set to 1. For example, the 4th array element of a 1-dimensional array, A(4), is stored as array element A(4,1,1). Arrays are patterned after standard FORTRAN conventions.
Numerical Parameter Substitution

If the parameter name Par is input in a numeric argument of a command, the numeric value of the parameter (as assigned with *SET, *GET, =, etc.) is substituted into the command at that point. Substitution occurs only if the parameter name is used between blanks, commas, parentheses, or file://D:\Documents%20and%20Settings\Administrator\Local%20Settings\Temp\~hh... 20.05.2004
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arithmetic operators (or any combination) in a numeric argument. Substitution can be prevented by enclosing the parameter name Par within single quotes ( ' ), if the parameter is alone in the argument; if the parameter is part of an arithmetic expression, the entire expression must be enclosed within single quotes to prevent substitution. In either case the character string will be used instead of the numeric value (and the string will be taken as 0.0 if it is in a numeric argument). A forced substitution is available in the text fields of the /TITLE,/STITLE, /TLABEL , /AN3D, /SYP ( ARG1--ARG8), and *ABBR commands by enclosing the parameter within percent (%) signs. Also, parameter substitution may be forced within the file name, extension, or directory fields of commands having these fields by enclosing the parameter within percent (%) signs. Array parameters [*DIM] must include a subscript (within parentheses) to identify the array element whose value is to be substituted, such as A(1,3). Out-ofrange subscripts result in an error message. Non-integer subscripts are allowed when identifying a TABLE array element for substitution. A proportional linear interpolation of values among the nearest array elements is performed before substitution. Interpolation is done in all three dimensions.
Note
Interpolation is based upon the assigned index numbers which must be defined when the table is filled [*DIM].
Character Parameter Substitution

Most alphanumeric arguments permit the use of character parameter substitution. When the parameter name Par input, the alphanumeric value of the parameter is substituted into the command at that point. Substitution can be suppressed by enclosing the parameter name within single quotes ( ' ). Forced substitution is available in some fields by enclosing the parameter name within percent (%) signs. Valid forced substitution fields include command name fields, Dir (directory) arguments, Fname (filename) or Ext (extension) arguments, /SYP command ( ARG1--ARG8 arguments), *ABBR command (Abbr arguments), /TITLE and /STITLE commands ( Title argument) and /TLABEL command (Text argument). Character parameter substitution is also available in the *ASK, /AN3D, *CFWRITE, *IF, *ELSEIF, *MSG, *SET, *USE, *VREAD, and *VWRITE commands. Character array parameters must include a subscript (within parentheses) to identify the array element whose value is to be substituted.
Parameter Expressions
If a parameter operation expression is input in a numeric argument, the numeric value of the expression is substituted into the command at that point. Allowable operation expressions are of the form E1oE2oE3 ...oE10 where E1, E2, etc. are expressions connected by operators (o). The allowable operations (o) are + -- * / ** < > For example, A+B**C/D*E is a valid operation expression. The * represents multiplication and the ** represents exponentiation.
Note
Exponentiation of a negative number (without parentheses) to an integer power
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follows standard FORTRAN hierarchy conventions; that is, the positive number is exponentiated and then the sign is attached. Thus, -4**2 is evaluated as -16. If parentheses are applied, such as (-4)**2, the result is 16. A parameter is evaluated as a number within parentheses before exponentiation. Exponentiation of a negative number to a non-integer power is performed by exponentiating the positive number and prepending the minus sign, for example, -4**2.3 is -(4**2.3). The < and > operators allow conditional substitution. For example, E1<E2 substitutes the value of E1 if the comparison is true or the value of E2 if the comparison is false. Spaces should not be used around operation symbols since " *" (a space and a star) makes the rest of the line a comment. Operation symbols (or symbols and signs) may not be immediately adjacent to each other. Parentheses may be used to separate symbols and signs, to determine a hierarchy of operations, or for clarity. For example, A**(-B) must be used instead of A**-B. Numbers ending with +0nn or -0nn are assumed to be of exponential form (as written on files by some computer systems) so that 123-002 is 123E-2 while 123-2 is 121. This form of exponential data should not be input directly. The default hierarchy follows the standard FORTRAN conventions, namely:
?
operations in parentheses (innermost first) then exponentiation (right to left) then multiplication or division (left to right) then unary association (such as +A or -A) then addition or subtraction (left to right) then logical evaluations (left to right).
Expressions (E) may be a constant, a parameter, a function, or another operation expression (of the form E1oE2oE3 ...oE10). Functions are of the form FTN(A) where the argument (A) may itself be of the form E1oE2oE3 ...oE10. Operations are recursive to a level of four deep (three levels of internally nested parentheses). Iterative floating point parameter arithmetic should not be used for high precision input because of the accumulated numerical roundoff error. Up to 10 expressions are accepted within a set of parenthesis. Valid functions (which are based on standard FORTRAN functions where possible) are: SIN(X) Sine COS(X) Cosine TAN(X) Tangent ASIN(X) Arcsine ACOS(X) Arccosine ATAN(X) Arctangent ATAN2 Arctangent (Y/X) with the sign of each component considered (Y,X) SINH(X) Hyperbolic sine COSH(X) Hyperbolic cosine TANH(X) Hyperbolic tangent SQRT(X) Square root
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S Commands
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ABS(X) Absolute value SIGN(X,Y) Absolute value of X with sign of Y. Y=0 results in positive sign NINT(X) Nearest integer MOD(X,Y) Remainder of X/Y Y=0 returns zero (0) EXP(X) Exponential LOG(X) Natural log LOG10(X) Common log RAND(X,Y) Random number, where X is the lower bound, and Y is the upper bound GDIS(X,Y) Random sample of Gaussian distributions, where X is the mean, and Y is the standard deviation LWCASE Lowercase equivalent of character parameter CPARM (CPARM) UPCASE Uppercase equivalent of character parameter CPARM (CPARM) VALCHR Numeric value of character parameter CPARM (If CPARM is a numeric parameter, (CPARM) returns 0.0) CHRVAL Character value of numerical parameter PARM. For ABS(PARM) < 10, character value (PARM) format is F8.5; for 10 ABS(PARM) < 1000, format is F8.3; for 1,000 ABS (PARM)< 10,000,000, format is F8.0. For 10,000,000 PARM < 100,000,000, format is also F8.0. Otherwise result is 0.0 and is not a character value. Function arguments (X,Y,etc.) must be enclosed within parentheses and may be numeric values, parameters, or expressions. Input arguments for angular functions must evaluate to radians by default. Output from angular functions are also in radians by default. See the *AFUN command to use degrees instead of radians for the angular functions. See the *VFUN command for applying these parameter functions to a sequence of array elements. Additional functions, called "get functions" are described with the *GET command.
Menu Paths
Main Menu>Preprocessor>LS-DYNA Options>Inertia Options>Define Inertia Main Menu>Preprocessor>Loads>Delete>Section Main Menu>Solution>Delete>Section Main Menu>Solution>Electromagnet>Induct Matrix Main Menu>Solution>Time Controls>Time Step Prediction
Prev SET Prev SETRAN S Commands
Next SETRAN Next
SETRAN
Name
S Commands
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SETRAN, Sename, KCNTO, INC, File, Ext, Dir, DX, DY, DZ, NOROT Creates a superelement from an existing superelement. group: PREP7:Superelements product: MP ME ST PP ED
Sename
Name of the file containing the original superelement matrix created by the generation pass (Sename.SUB). Defaults to the current Jobname. If Sename is a number, it is the element number of a previously defined superelement in the current use pass.
KCNTO
Reference number of coordinate system where the superelement is to be transferred to. Defaults to the global Cartesian system. Transfer occurs from the active coordinate system.
INC
Node offset. Defaults to zero. All new element node numbers will be offset from those on the original by INC.
File
File name (32 characters maximum). This field must be input.

Ext
Filename extension (8 character maximum). The extension defaults to SUB.

Dir

DX, DY, DZ
Node location increments in the global Cartesian coordinate system. Defaults to zero.
NOROT
Node rotation key: 0 -The nodal coordinate systems of the transferred superelement will also be rotated into the KCNTO system (i.e., the nodal coordinate systems will rotate with the superelement).
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S Commands The superelement matrices are not modified. 1 --
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The nodal coordinate systems will not be rotated (they will remain fixed in their original global orientation). The superelement matrices and load vectors are modified if any rotations are done.
Note
If this option is chosen for models with displacement degrees of freedom, and KCNTO is not the active system, the superelement Sename must have six MDOF at each node.
Notes
Creates a superelement from an existing superelement and writes the new element to a file. The new element may then be read in (during the use pass) with an SE command. Superelements may be created from the original by transferring its (the original's) geometry from the active coordinate system into another coordinate system ( KCNTO), by offsetting its geometry in the global Cartesian coordinate system (DX, DY, and DZ ), or by offsetting its node numbers ( INC). All three methods may be used in combination. If both the geometry transfer and the geometry offset are used, the transfer is done first. The maximum number of transformations for a given superelement is five (including SETRAN, SESYMM, and the large rotation transformation if NLGEOM is ON in the use pass).
Menu Paths
Main Menu>Preprocessor>Create>Elements>By CS Transfer Main Menu>Preprocessor>Create>Elements>By Geom Offset
Prev *SET Prev SEXP S Commands
Next SEXP Next
SEXP
Name
SEXP, LabR, Lab1, Lab2, EXP1, EXP2 Forms an element table item by exponentiating and multiplying. group: POST1:Element Table product: MP ME ST DY PR EM FL PP ED
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LabR
Lab1

Lab2

EXP1
Exponent applied to Lab1.

EXP2
Exponent applied to EXP2.
Notes
Forms a labeled result item (see ETABLE command) for the selected elements by exponentiating and multiplying two existing labeled result items according to the operation:
LabR
= (| Lab1|EXP1) x (| Lab2|EXP2)
Roots, reciprocals, and divides may also be done with this command.
Menu Paths
Main Menu>General Postproc>Element Table>Exponentiate
Prev SETRAN Prev SF S Commands
Next SF Next
SF
Name
SF, Nlist, Lab, VALUE, VALUE2 Specifies surface loads on nodes.
20.05.2004
S Commands group: SOLUTION:FE Surface Loads product: MP ME ST PR EM FL PP ED
Page 57 of 165
Nlist
Nodes defining the surface upon which the load is to be applied. Use the label ALL or P, or a component name. If ALL, all selected nodes [NSEL] are used (default). If P, graphical picking is enabled and all remaining command fields are ignored (valid only in the GUI).
Lab
Valid surface load label. Load labels are listed under "Surface Loads" in the input table for each element type in the ANSYS Elements Reference. Structural labels: PRES (pressure). Thermal labels: CONV (convection); HFLUX (heat flux); RAD (radiation); RDSF (surface-tosurface radiation). Acoustic Fluid labels: FSI (fluid-structure interaction flag); IMPD (impedance); PTOT (constant total pressure. Magnetic labels: MXWF (Maxwell force flag); MCI (magnetic circuit interface). Electric label: CHRGS (surface charge density); MXWF (Maxwell force flag). Infinite element labels: INF (Exterior surface flag for INFIN110 and INFIN111). High-frequency electromagnetic labels: PORT (number 1 through 50 for a waveguide exterior port); SHLD (surface shielding properties); MXWF (Maxwell surface flag of equivalent source surface).
Note
and VALUE2 are not used with flag labels. Thermal labels CONV and HFLUX are mutually exclusive. If Lab = FSI, only the fluid elements must be selected for the flag to be applied.
VALUE VALUE
Surface load value or table name reference for specifying tabular boundary conditions. If Lab = CONV, VALUE is typically the film coefficient and VALUE2 (below) is typically the bulk temperature. If Lab = CONV and VALUE = -N, the film coefficient may be a function of temperature and is determined from the HF property table for material N [MP]. The temperature used to evaluate the film coefficient is usually the average between the bulk and wall temperatures, but may be user-defined for some elements. To specify a table, enclose the table name in percent signs (%) (e.g., SF,NLIST,Lab,% tabname%). Use the *DIM command to define a table. If Lab = MCI, VALUE indicates current direction (-1; current flow into the element face (IN), +1; current flow out of the element face (OUT). If Lab = RAD, VALUE is surface emissivity. If Lab = PORT, VALUE is a port number representing a waveguide exterior port. The port number must be an integer between 1 and 50. If Lab = SHLD, VALUE is surface conductivity. If Lab = RDSF, VALUE is the emissivity value; the following conditions apply: If VALUE is between 0 and 1, apply a single value to the surface. If VALUE= -N, the emissivity may be a function of the temperature, and is determined from the EMISS property table for material N (MP). The material N does not need to correlate with the underlying solid thermal elements.
VALUE2
Second surface load value (if any). If Lab = CONV, VALUE2 is typically the bulk temperature. If Lab = RAD, VALUE2 is the ambient temperature. VALUE2 is not used for PORT. If Lab = file://D:\Documents%20and%20Settings\Administrator\Local%20Settings\Temp\~hh... 20.05.2004
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SHLD, VALUE2 is relative permeability and defaults to 1.0. If Lab = RDSF, VALUE2 is the enclosure number. Radiation will occur between surfaces flagged with the same enclosure numbers. If the enclosure is open, radiation will also ocurr to ambient. If VALUE2 is negative radiation direction is reversed and will occur inside the element for the flagged radiation surfaces. Negative value of enclosure number is applicable for FLUID141 and FLUID142 elements, to model radiation occurring between surfaces inside the fluid domain. To specify a table (Lab = CONV), enclose the table name in percent signs (%) (e.g., SF,Nlist,Lab,VALUE,%tabname%). Use the *DIM command to define a table.
Notes
Individual nodes may not be entered for this command. The node list is to identify a surface and the Nlist field must contain a sufficient number of nodes to define an element surface. The loads are internally stored on element faces defined by the specified nodes. All nodes on an element face must be specified for the face to be used, and the element must be selected. The SF command applies only to area and volume elements. For shell elements, if the specified nodes include face one (which is usually the bottom face) along with other faces (such as edges), only face one is used. If all nodes defining a face are shared by an adjacent face of another selected element, the face is not free and will not have a load applied. Where faces cannot be uniquely determined from the nodes, or where the face does not fully describe the load application, use the SFE command. A load key of 1 (which is typically the first loading condition on the first face) is used if the face determination is not unique. A uniform load value is applied over the element face. See the SFBEAM command for applying surface loads to beam elements. See the SFGRAD command for an alternate tapered load capability. See the SFFUN command for applying loads from a node vs. value function. Also see the SFE command for applying tapered loads on individual element faces. Use the SFDELE command to delete loads applied with this command. Use the SFCUM command to accumulate (add) surface loads applied with SF. Tabular boundary conditions ( VALUE = % tabname%) available only for the following surface load labels ( Lab = PRES, CONV (film coefficient and/or bulk temperature) or HFLUX), boundary value and wetting status (VFRC), and surface emissivity and ambient temperature (RAD). This command is also valid in PREP7.
Menu Paths
Main Menu>Preprocessor>Loads>Apply>Boundary>On Nodes Main Menu>Preprocessor>Loads>Apply>Convection>On Nodes Main Menu>Preprocessor>Loads>Apply>Excitation>On Nodes Main Menu>Preprocessor>Loads>Apply>Flag>On Nodes Main Menu>Preprocessor>Loads>Apply>Fluid-Struct>On Nodes Main Menu>Preprocessor>Loads>Apply>Heat Flux>On Nodes Main Menu>Preprocessor>Loads>Apply>Impedance>On Nodes Main Menu>Preprocessor>Loads>Apply>Other>On Nodes Main Menu>Preprocessor>Loads>Apply>Pressure>On Nodes Main Menu>Preprocessor>Loads>Apply>Radiation>On Nodes Main Menu>Preprocessor>Loads>Apply>Surface Rad>On Nodes Main Menu>Preprocessor>Trefftz Domain>On Nodes Main Menu>Solution>Apply>Boundary>On Nodes
20.05.2004
S Commands Main Menu>Solution>Apply>Convection>On Nodes Main Menu>Solution>Apply>Excitation>On Nodes Main Menu>Solution>Apply>Flag>On Nodes Main Menu>Solution>Apply>Fluid-Struct>On Nodes Main Menu>Solution>Apply>Heat Flux>On Nodes Main Menu>Solution>Apply>Impedance>On Nodes Main Menu>Solution>Apply>Other>On Nodes Main Menu>Solution>Apply>Pressure>On Nodes Main Menu>Solution>Apply>Radiation>On Nodes Main Menu>Solution>Apply>Surface Rad>On Nodes
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Prev SEXP Prev SFA S Commands
Next SFA Next
SFA
Name
SFA, AREA, LKEY, Lab, VALUE, VALUE2 Specifies surface loads on the selected areas. group: SOLUTION:Solid Surface Loads product: MP ME ST PR EM PP ED
AREA
Area to which surface load applies. If ALL, apply load to all selected areas [ASEL]. If AREA = P, graphical picking is enabled and all remaining command fields are ignored (valid only in the GUI). A component may be substituted for AREA.
LKEY
Load key associated with surface load (defaults to 1). Load keys (1,2,3, etc.) are listed under "Surface Loads" in the input data table for each element type in the ANSYS Elements Reference. LKEY is ignored if the area is the face of a volume region meshed with volume elements.
Lab
Valid surface load label. Load labels are listed under "Surface Loads" in the input table for each area type in the ANSYS Elements Reference. Structural label: PRES (pressure). Thermal labels: CONV (convection); HFLUX (heat flux); RAD (radiation); RDSF (surface-to-surface
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radiation). Fluid labels: FSI (fluid-structure interaction flag); IMPD (impedance). Magnetic label: MXWF (Maxwell force flag); MCI (magnetic circuit interface). Electric labels: MXWF (Maxwell force flag), CHRGS (surface charge density). Infinite element label: INF (Exterior surface flag for INFIN110 and INFIN111). High-frequency electromagnetic labels: PORT (number 1 through 50 for a waveguide exterior port); SHLD (surface shielding properties).
Note
and VALUE2 not used with flag labels. Thermal labels CONV and HFLUX are mutually exclusive. If Lab = FSI, only the fluid elements must be selected for the flag to be applied.
VALUE VALUE
Surface load value or table name reference for specifying tabular boundary conditions. If Lab = CONV, VALUE is typically the film coefficient and VALUE2 (below) is typically the bulk temperature. If Lab = CONV and VALUE = -N, the film coefficient may be a function of temperature and is determined from the HF property table for material N [MP]. The temperature used to evaluate the film coefficient is usually the average between the bulk and wall temperatures, but may be user-defined for some elements. To specify a table, enclose the table name in percent signs (%) (e.g., SF,NLIST,Lab,% tabname%). Use the *DIM command to define a table. If Lab = MCI, VALUE indicates current direction (-1; current flow into the element face (IN), +1; current flow out of the element face (OUT). If Lab=RAD, VALUE is the surface emissivity. If Lab = PORT, VALUE is a port number representing a waveguide exterior port. The port number must be an integer between 1 and 50. If Lab = SHLD, VALUE is surface conductivity. If Lab = RDSF, VALUE is the emissivity value; the following conditions apply: If VALUE is between 0 and 1, apply a single value to the surface. If VALUE= -N, the emissivity may be a function of the temperature, and is determined from the EMISS property table for material N (MP). The material N does not need to correlate with the underlying solid thermal elements.
VALUE2
Second surface load value (if any). If Lab = CONV, VALUE2 is typically the bulk temperature. If Lab = RADVALUE2 is ambient temperature.VALUE2 is not used for other surface load labels. VALUE2 is not used for PORT. If Lab = SHLD, VALUE2 is relative permeability (defaults to 1.0). If Lab = RDSF, VALUE2 is the enclosure number. Radiation will occur between surfaces flagged with the same enclosure numbers. If the enclosure is open, radiation will also ocurr to ambient. If VALUE2 is negative radiation direction is reversed and will occur inside the element for the flagged radiation surfaces. Negative value of enclosure number is applicable for FLUID141 and FLUID142 elements, to model radiation occurring between surfaces inside the fluid domain. To specify a table ( Lab = CONV), enclose the table name in percent signs (%) (e.g., SFA,NLIST,Lab,VALUE,%tabname%). Use the *DIM command to define a table.
Notes
Surface loads may be transferred from areas to elements with the SFTRAN or SBCTRAN commands. See the SFGRAD command for an alternate tapered load capability. Tabular boundary conditions ( VALUE = % tabname%) available only for surface load labels ( Lab = PRES, CONV (film coefficient and/or bulk temperature) or HFLUX), boundary value and wetting status (VFRC), and surface emissivity and ambient temperature (RAD). This command is also valid in PREP7. file://D:\Documents%20and%20Settings\Administrator\Local%20Settings\Temp\~hh... 20.05.2004
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Menu Paths
Main Menu>Preprocessor>Loads>Apply>Boundary>On Areas Main Menu>Preprocessor>Loads>Apply>Convection>On Areas Main Menu>Preprocessor>Loads>Apply>Excitation>On Areas Main Menu>Preprocessor>Loads>Apply>Flag>On Areas Main Menu>Preprocessor>Loads>Apply>Fluid-Struct>On Areas Main Menu>Preprocessor>Loads>Apply>Heat Flux>On Areas Main Menu>Preprocessor>Loads>Apply>Impedance>On Areas Main Menu>Preprocessor>Loads>Apply>Other>On Areas Main Menu>Preprocessor>Loads>Apply>Pressure>On Areas Main Menu>Preprocessor>Loads>Apply>Radiation>On Areas Main Menu>Preprocessor>Loads>Apply>Surface Rad>On Areas Main Menu>Preprocessor>Trefftz Domain>On Areas Main Menu>Solution>Apply>Boundary>On Areas Main Menu>Solution>Apply>Convection>On Areas Main Menu>Solution>Apply>Excitation>On Areas Main Menu>Solution>Apply>Flag>On Areas Main Menu>Solution>Apply>Fluid-Struct>On Areas Main Menu>Solution>Apply>Heat Flux>On Areas Main Menu>Solution>Apply>Impedance>On Areas Main Menu>Solution>Apply>Other>On Areas Main Menu>Solution>Apply>Pressure>On Areas Main Menu>Solution>Apply>Radiation>On Areas Main Menu>Solution>Apply>Surface Rad>On Areas
Prev SF Prev SFACT S Commands
Next SFACT Next
SFACT
Name
SFACT, TYPE Allows safety factor or margin of safety calculations to be made. group: POST1:Element Table product: MP ME ST DY PR PP ED
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S Commands
TYPE
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Type of calculation: 0 -No nodal safety factor or margin of safety calculations. 1 -Calculate and store safety factors in place of nodal stresses. 2 -Calculate and store margins of safety in place of nodal stresses.
Command Default
No nodal safety factor or margin of safety calculations.
Notes
Allows safety factor (SF) or margin of safety (MS) calculations to be made for the average nodal stresses according to: SF = SALLOW/|Stress| MS = (SALLOW/|Stress|) -- 1.0 Calculations are done during the display, select, or sort operation (in the active coordinate system [RSYS]) with results stored in place of the nodal stresses. Use the PRNSOL or PLNSOL command to display the results.
Note
The results are meaningful only for the stress (SIG1, SIGE, etc.) upon which SALLOW is based. Nodal temperatures used are those automatically stored for the node. Related commands are SFCALC, SALLOW, TALLOW.
Menu Paths
Main Menu>General Postproc>Safety Factor>Restore NodeStrs Main Menu>General Postproc>Safety Factor>SF for Node Strs
Prev SFA Prev SFADELE S Commands
Next SFADELE Next
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SFADELE
Name
SFADELE, AREA, LKEY, Lab Deletes surface loads from areas. group: SOLUTION:Solid Surface Loads product: MP ME ST PR EM PP ED
AREA
Area to which surface load deletion applies. If ALL, delete load from all selected areas [ASEL]. If AREA = P, graphical picking is enabled and all remaining command fields are ignored (valid only in the GUI). A component name may be substituted for AREA.
LKEY
Load key associated with surface load (defaults to 1). See the SFA command for details.
Lab
Valid surface load label. If ALL, use all appropriate labels. See the SFA command for labels.
Notes
Deletes surface loads (and all corresponding finite element loads) from selected areas. This command is also valid in PREP7.
Menu Paths
Main Menu>Preprocessor>Loads>Delete>Ambient Rad>On Areas Main Menu>Preprocessor>Loads>Delete>Boundary>On Areas Main Menu>Preprocessor>Loads>Delete>Convection>On Areas Main Menu>Preprocessor>Loads>Delete>Excitation>On Areas Main Menu>Preprocessor>Loads>Delete>Flag>On Areas Main Menu>Preprocessor>Loads>Delete>Fluid-Struct>On Areas Main Menu>Preprocessor>Loads>Delete>Heat Flux>On Areas Main Menu>Preprocessor>Loads>Delete>Impedance>On Areas Main Menu>Preprocessor>Loads>Delete>Other>On Areas Main Menu>Preprocessor>Loads>Delete>Pressure>On Areas Main Menu>Preprocessor>Loads>Delete>Radiation>On Areas Main Menu>Preprocessor>Loads>Delete>Surface Rad>On Areas Main Menu>Preprocessor>Loads>Delete>All Load Data>On All Areas
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S Commands Main Menu>Solution>Delete>Ambient Rad>On Areas Main Menu>Solution>Delete>Boundary>On Areas Main Menu>Solution>Delete>Convection>On Areas Main Menu>Solution>Delete>Excitation>On Areas Main Menu>Solution>Delete>Flag>On Areas Main Menu>Solution>Delete>Fluid-Struct>On Areas Main Menu>Solution>Delete>Heat Flux>On Areas Main Menu>Solution>Delete>Impedance>On Areas Main Menu>Solution>Delete>Other>On Areas Main Menu>Solution>Delete>Pressure>On Areas Main Menu>Solution>Delete>Radiation>On Areas Main Menu>Solution>Delete>Surface Rad>On Areas Main Menu>Solution>Delete>All Load Data>On All Areas
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Prev SFACT Prev SFALIST S Commands
Next SFALIST Next
SFALIST
Name
SFALIST, AREA, Lab Lists the surface loads for the specified area. group: SOLUTION:Solid Surface Loads product: MP ME ST PR EM PP ED
AREA
Area at which surface load is to be listed. If ALL (or blank), list for all selected areas [ASEL]. If AREA = P, graphical picking is enabled and all remaining command fields are ignored (valid only in the GUI). A component name may be substituted for AREA.
Lab
Valid surface load label. If ALL (or blank), use all appropriate labels. See the SFA command for labels.
Notes
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Menu Paths
Utility Menu>List>Loads>Surface Loads>On All Areas Utility Menu>List>Loads>Surface Loads>On Picked Areas
Prev SFADELE Prev SFBEAM S Commands
Next SFBEAM Next
SFBEAM
Name
SFBEAM, ELEM, LKEY, Lab, VALI, VALJ, VAL2I, VAL2J, IOFFST, JOFFST Specifies surface loads on beam elements. group: SOLUTION:FE Surface Loads product: MP ME ST PR PP ED
ELEM
Element to which surface load is applied. If ALL, apply load to all selected beam elements [ESEL]. If ELEM = P, graphical picking is enabled and all remaining command fields are ignored (valid only in the GUI). A component name may be substituted in ELEM.
LKEY
Load key associated with surface load (defaults to 1). Load keys (1,2,3,etc.) are listed under "Surface Loads" in the input table for each element type in the ANSYS Elements Reference. For beam elements, the load key defines the load orientation.
Lab
Valid surface load label. Load labels are listed under "Surface Loads" in the input table for each element type in the ANSYS Elements Reference. Structural labels: PRES (pressure).
VALI, VALJ
Surface load values at nodes I and J. If VALJ is blank, it defaults to VALI. If VALJ is zero, a zero is used.
VAL2I, VAL2J
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S Commands Second surface load values at nodes I and J. Currently not used.
IOFFST
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Offset distance from node I (toward node J) where VALI is applied.

JOFFST
Offset distance from node J (toward node I) where VALJ is applied. Offsets are available only for lateral surfaces of line elements having a KEYOPT(10) which is set. If no offsets are specified, the load is applied over the full element length. Values may also be input as length fractions, depending on the KEYOPT(10) setting. For example, for a line length of 5.0, an IOFFST distance of 2.0 or an IOFFST fraction of 0.4 represent the same point. If JOFFST = -1, VALI is assumed to be a point load at the location specified with IOFFST and VALJ is ignored.
Notes
Specifies surface loads on the selected beam elements. Use the SFELIST and SFEDELE commands to list and delete surface loads applied with this command. Use the SFCUM command to accumulate (add) surface loads applied with SFBEAM. When SFBEAM follows SFCUM,ADD, the same IOFFST and JOFFST values must be used as on the previous SFBEAM command (for a given element face). Otherwise, the loads will not be accumulated. Leaving IOFFST and JOFFST blank will cause the previous offset values to be used (only when SFBEAM follows SFCUM). For elements PIPE16, PIPE17, PIPE18, PIPE20, and PIPE60, tapered pressures are not recognized. Only constant pressures are supported for these elements. This command is also valid in PREP7.
Menu Paths
Main Menu>Preprocessor>Loads>Apply>Pressure>On Beams Main Menu>Solution>Apply>Pressure>On Beams
Prev SFALIST Prev SFCALC S Commands
Next SFCALC Next
SFCALC
Name
SFCALC, LabR, LabS, LabT, TYPE Calculates the safety factor or margin of safety.
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S Commands group: POST1:Element Table product: MP ME ST DY PR PP ED
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LabR
LabS
Labeled result item corresponding to the element stress.

LabT
Labeled result item corresponding to the element temperature.

TYPE
Type of calculation: 0 or 1 -Use safety factor (SF) calculation. 2 -Use margin of safety (MS) calculation. 3 -Use 1/SF calculation.
Notes
Calculates safety factor (SF) or margin of safety (MS) as described for the SFACT command for any labeled result item (see ETABLE command) for the selected elements. Use the PRETAB or PLETAB command to display results. Allowable element stress is determined from the SALLOWTALLOW table [SALLOW, TALLOW].
Menu Paths
Main Menu>General Postproc>Safety Factor>SF for ElemTable
Prev SFBEAM Prev SFCUM S Commands
Next SFCUM Next
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SFCUM
Name
SFCUM, Lab, Oper, FACT, FACT2 Specifies that surface loads are to be accumulated. group: SOLUTION:FE Surface Loads product: MP ME ST PR EM FL PP ED
Lab
Valid surface load label. If ALL, use all appropriate labels. Structural label: PRES (pressure). Thermal labels: CONV (convection); HFLUX (heat flux). Substructure label: SELV (Load vector number). Electric labels: CHRGS (surface charge density), MXWF (Maxwell force flag). Magnetic label: MXWF (Maxwell force flag). Infinite element: INF (Exterior surface flag for INFIN110 and INFIN111). Thermal labels CONV and HFLUX are mutually exclusive.
Oper
FACT
Scale factor for the first surface load value. A (blank) or '0' entry defaults to 1.0.
FACT2
Scale factor for the second surface load value. A (blank) or '0' entry defaults to 1.0.
Command Default
Notes
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Allows repeated surface loads (pressure, convection, etc.) to be replaced, added, or ignored. Surface loads are applied with the SF, SFE, and SFBEAM commands. Issue the SFELIST command to list the surface loads. The operations occur when the next surface load specifications are defined. For example, issuing the SF command with a pressure value of 25 after a previous SF command with a pressure value of 20 causes the current value of that pressure to be 45 with the add operation, 25 with the replace operation, or 20 with the ignore operation. All new pressures applied with SF after the ignore operation will be ignored, even if no current pressure exists on that surface. Scale factors are also available to multiply the next value before the add or replace operation. A scale factor of 2.0 with the previous "add" example results in a pressure of 70. Scale factors are applied even if no previous values exist. Issue SFCUM,STAT to show the current label, operation, and scale factors. Solid model boundary conditions are not affected by this command, but boundary conditions on the FE model are affected.
Note
The FE boundary conditions may still be overwritten by existing solid model boundary conditions if a subsequent boundary condition transfer occurs. SFCUM does not work for tabular boundary conditions. This command is also valid in PREP7.
Menu Paths
Main Menu>Preprocessor>Loads>Settings>Surface Loads Main Menu>Solution>Settings>Surface Loads
Prev SFCALC Prev SFDELE S Commands
Next SFDELE Next
SFDELE
Name
SFDELE, Nlist, Lab Deletes surface loads. group: SOLUTION:FE Surface Loads product: MP ME ST PR EM FL PP ED
Nlist
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S Commands Label defining where to find the list of nodes: ALL --
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Use all selected nodes [NSEL]. If P, use graphical picking in GUI. A component label may be substituted for Nlist.
Lab
Valid surface load label. If ALL, use all appropriate labels. Structural label: PRES (pressure). Thermal labels: CONV (convection); HFLUX (heat flux); RAD (radiation); RDSF (surface-tosurface radiation). Fluid labels: FSI (fluid-structure interaction flag); IMPD (Impedance). Magnetic label: MXWF (Maxwell force flag). Electric labels: CHRGS (Surface Charge Density); MXWF (Maxwell force flag); MCI (magnetic circuit interface). Infinite element label: INF (Exterior surface flag for INFIN110 and INFIN111). Substructure label: SELV (Load vector number). Fluid labels: FSI (Fluid-structure interaction flag); IMPD (Impedance). High-frequency electromagnetic labels: PORT (waveguide port number); SHLD (surface shielding properties. Thermal labels CONV and HFLUX are mutually exclusive. If Lab = FSI, only the fluid elements must be selected for the flag to be applied.
Notes
Deletes surface loads as applied with the SF command. Loads are deleted only for the specified nodes on external faces of selected area and volume elements. For shell elements, if the specified nodes include face one (which is usually the bottom face) along with other faces (such as edges), only the loads on face one will be deleted. The element faces are determined from the list of selected nodes as described for the SF command. See the SFEDELE command for deleting loads explicitly by element faces. This command is also valid in PREP7.
Menu Paths
Main Menu>Preprocessor>Loads>Delete>Ambient Rad>On Nodes Main Menu>Preprocessor>Loads>Delete>Boundary>On Nodes Main Menu>Preprocessor>Loads>Delete>Convection>On Nodes Main Menu>Preprocessor>Loads>Delete>Excitation>On Nodes Main Menu>Preprocessor>Loads>Delete>Flag>On Nodes Main Menu>Preprocessor>Loads>Delete>Fluid-Struct>On Nodes Main Menu>Preprocessor>Loads>Delete>Heat Flux>On Nodes Main Menu>Preprocessor>Loads>Delete>Impedance>On Nodes Main Menu>Preprocessor>Loads>Delete>Other>On Nodes Main Menu>Preprocessor>Loads>Delete>Pressure>On Nodes Main Menu>Preprocessor>Loads>Delete>Radiation>On Nodes Main Menu>Preprocessor>Loads>Delete>Surface Rad>On Nodes Main Menu>Solution>Delete>Ambient Rad>On Nodes Main Menu>Solution>Delete>Boundary>On Nodes Main Menu>Solution>Delete>Convection>On Nodes Main Menu>Solution>Delete>Excitation>On Nodes Main Menu>Solution>Delete>Flag>On Nodes
20.05.2004
S Commands Main Menu>Solution>Delete>Fluid-Struct>On Nodes Main Menu>Solution>Delete>Heat Flux>On Nodes Main Menu>Solution>Delete>Impedance>On Nodes Main Menu>Solution>Delete>Other>On Nodes Main Menu>Solution>Delete>Pressure>On Nodes Main Menu>Solution>Delete>Radiation>On Nodes Main Menu>Solution>Delete>Surface Rad>On Nodes
Page 71 of 165
Prev SFCUM Prev SFE S Commands
Next SFE Next
SFE
Name
SFE, ELEM, LKEY, Lab, KVAL, VAL1, VAL2, VAL3, VAL4 Specifies surface loads on elements. group: SOLUTION:FE Surface Loads product: MP ME ST PR EM FL PP ED
ELEM
Element to which surface load applies. If ALL, apply load to all selected elements [ESEL]. If ELEM = P, graphical picking is enabled and all remaining command fields are ignored (valid only in the GUI). A component name may be substituted for ELEM.
LKEY
Load key associated with surface load (defaults to 1). Load keys (1,2,3, etc.) are listed under "Surface Loads" in the input data table for each element type in the ANSYS Elements Reference.
Lab
Valid surface load label. Load labels are listed under "Surface Loads" in the input table for each element type in the ANSYS Elements Reference. Structural labels: PRES (pressure). Thermal labels: CONV (convection); HFLUX (heat flux); RAD (radiation); RDSF (surface-tosurface radiation). Fluid labels: FSI (fluid-structure interaction flag); VFRC (volume fraction for VOF method); IMPD (impedance). Magnetic labels: MXWF (Maxwell force flag). Infinite element labels: INF (Exterior surface flag for INFIN110 and INFIN111). Substructure label: SELV (load vector number). Electric labels: CHRGS (Surface Charge density); MXWF (Maxwell force flag). High-frequency electromagnetic labels: PORT (waveguide port
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S Commands number); SHLD (surface shielding properties).
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Note
through VAL4 not used with flag labels. Thermal labels CONV and HFLUX are mutually exclusive. If Lab = FSI, only the fluid elements must be selected for the flag to be applied.
VAL1 KVAL
Value key. If Lab = CONV: 0 or 1 -VAL1
through VAL4 are used as the film coefficients.
2 -VAL1
through VAL4 are the bulk temperatures.
Value key. If Lab = SHLD: 0 or 1 -VAL1
through VAL4 are used as the electrical conductivities.
2 -VAL1
through VAL4 are used as the relative permeabilities.
Value key. If Lab = RAD: 0 or 1 -VAL1
through VAL4 are used as the emissivities.
2 -VAL1
through VAL4 are ambient temperatures.
Value key. If Lab = RDSF: 0 or 1 -VAL1
is the emissivity value between 0 and 1.
2 -VAL1
is the enclosure number.
Value key. If Lab = VFRC: 0 or 1 -VAL1
is the boundary load value. VAL1 defaults to 1.
2 --
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S Commands
VAL1
Page 73 of 165 is the wetting status. VAL1 defaults to 0 or non-wetting.
If only one set of data is supplied (either emissivities or temperatures when Lab = RAD; or either film coefficients or temperatures when Lab = CONV; or either conductivity or relative permeability when Lab = SHLD), the other set of data defaults to previously specified values (or zero if not previously specified).
VAL1
First surface load value (typically at the first node of the face) or the name of a table for specifying tabular boundary conditions. Face nodes are listed in the order given for "Surface Loads" in the input data table for each element type in the ANSYS Elements Reference. For example, for SOLID45, the item 1-JILK associates LKEY = 1 (face 1) with nodes J,I,L, and K. Surface load value VAL1 then applies to node J of face 1. To specify a table, enclose the table name in percent signs (%), e.g., % tabname%. Use the *DIM command to define a table. VAL2 applies to node I, etc. If Lab = CONV, KVAL = 0, and VAL1 = - N, the film coefficient is assumed to be a function of temperature and is determined from the HF property table for material N [MP]. The temperature used to evaluate the film coefficient is usually the average between the bulk and wall temperatures, but may be user defined for some elements. If Lab=PORT, VAL1 is a port number representing a waveguide port. The port number must be an integer between 1 and 6. If Lab = RDSF, KVAL = 0 or 1, and VAL1 = - N, the emissivity is assumed to be a function of the temperature, and is determined from the EMISS property table for material N (MP). The material N does not need to correlate with the underlying solid thermal elements. If Lab = RDSF, KVAL = 2, and VAL1 is negative, radiation direction is reversed and will occur inside the element for the flagged radiation surfaces. Negative value of enclosure number is applicable for FLUID141 and FLUID142 elements, to model radiation occurring between surfaces inside the fluid domain. If Lab = VFRC, VAL1 is the boundary value or the wetting status, as defined by KVAL above. If Lab = VFRC and KVAL = 2, a VAL1 setting of 1 indicates a wetted boundary. At a wetted boundary, the fluid upstream keeps the associated elements full.
VAL2, VAL3, VAL4
Surface load value at the 2nd, 3rd, and 4th nodes (if any) of the face. Blank values default to VAL1 (for a constant load). Zero values are used as zero. To specify a table ( Lab = CONV), enclose the table name in percent signs (%), e.g., % tabname%. Use the *DIM command to define a table.
Notes
Specifies surface loads on selected elements. Caution: You cannot use the SFE command with the INFIN110 or INFIN111 elements without prior knowledge of element face orientation, i.e., you must know which face is the exterior in order to flag it. Also, the surface effect elements, SURF153 and SURF154, require special usage of this command when applying pressures (see SURF153 and SURF154 of the ANSYS Elements Reference). Tapered loads may be applied over the faces of most elements. Exceptions include elements PIPE16, file://D:\Documents%20and%20Settings\Administrator\Local%20Settings\Temp\~hh... 20.05.2004
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PIPE17, PIPE18, PIPE20, and PIPE60, where tapered pressures are not recognized. Only constant pressures are supported for these elements. For beam elements allowing lateral surface loads that may be offset from the nodes, use the SFBEAM command to specify the loads and offsets. See the SF command for an alternate surface load definition capability based upon node numbers. See the SFGRAD command for an alternate tapered load capability. Use the SFCUM command to accumulate (add) surface loads applied with SFE. You can specify a table name only when using structural (PRES) and thermal (CONV (film coefficient and/or bulk temperature), HFLUX), boundary value and wetting status (VFRC), and surface emissivity and ambient temperature (RAD) surface load labels. The Volume of Fluid method (Lab = VFRC) is applicable only for FLUID141. This command is also valid in PREP7.
Menu Paths
Main Menu>Preprocessor>Loads>Apply>Convection>Tapered Main Menu>Preprocessor>Loads>Apply>Convection>Uniform Main Menu>Preprocessor>Loads>Apply>Excitation>On Elements Main Menu>Preprocessor>Loads>Apply>Heat Flux>On Elements Main Menu>Preprocessor>Loads>Apply>Impedance>On Elements Main Menu>Preprocessor>Loads>Apply>Pressure>On Elements Main Menu>Preprocessor>Loads>Apply>Radiation>On Elements Main Menu>Preprocessor>Loads>Apply>Surface Rad>On Elements Main Menu>Preprocessor>Loads>Apply>Load Vector>For Superelement Main Menu>Solution>Apply>Convection>Tapered Main Menu>Solution>Apply>Convection>Uniform Main Menu>Solution>Apply>Excitation>On Elements Main Menu>Solution>Apply>Heat Flux>On Elements Main Menu>Solution>Apply>Impedance>On Elements Main Menu>Solution>Apply>Pressure>On Elements Main Menu>Solution>Apply>Radiation>On Elements Main Menu>Solution>Apply>Surface Rad>On Elements Main Menu>Solution>Apply>Load Vector>For Superelement
Prev SFDELE Prev SFEDELE S Commands
Next SFEDELE Next
SFEDELE
Name
S Commands SFEDELE, ELEM, LKEY, Lab Deletes surface loads from elements. group: SOLUTION:FE Surface Loads product: MP ME ST PR EM FL PP ED
Page 75 of 165
ELEM
Element to which surface load deletion applies. If ALL, delete load from all selected elements [ESEL]. If ELEM = P, graphical picking is enabled and all remaining command fields are ignored (valid only in the GUI). A component name may be substituted for ELEM.
LKEY
Load key associated with surface load (defaults to 1). If ALL, delete surface loads for all load keys.
Lab
Valid surface load label. If ALL, use all appropriate labels. Structural labels: PRES (pressure). Thermal labels: CONV (convection); HFLUX (heat flux); RAD (radiation); RDSF (surface-tosurface radiation). Fluid labels: FSI (fluid-structure interaction flag); VFRC (volume fraction for VOF method); IMPD (impedance). Magnetic label: MXWF (Maxwell force flag). Infinite element label: INF (Exterior surface flag for INFIN110 and INFIN111). Substructure label: SELV (Load vector number); Electric label: CHRGS (surface charge density); MXWF (Maxwell force flag). High-frequency electromagnetic labels: PORT (waveguide port number); SHLD (surface shielding properties). If Lab = FSI, only the fluid elements must be selected for the flag to be applied.
Notes
Deletes surface loads from selected elements. See the SFDELE command for an alternate surface load deletion capability based upon selected nodes. This command is also valid in PREP7.
Menu Paths
Main Menu>Preprocessor>Loads>Delete>Ambient Rad>On Elements Main Menu>Preprocessor>Loads>Delete>Boundary>On Elements Main Menu>Preprocessor>Loads>Delete>Convection>On Elements Main Menu>Preprocessor>Loads>Delete>Excitation>On Elements Main Menu>Preprocessor>Loads>Delete>Flag>On Elements Main Menu>Preprocessor>Loads>Delete>Heat Flux>On Elements Main Menu>Preprocessor>Loads>Delete>Impedance>On Elements Main Menu>Preprocessor>Loads>Delete>Other>On Elements Main Menu>Preprocessor>Loads>Delete>Pressure>On Elements Main Menu>Preprocessor>Loads>Delete>Radiation>On Elements file://D:\Documents%20and%20Settings\Administrator\Local%20Settings\Temp\~hh... 20.05.2004
S Commands Main Menu>Preprocessor>Loads>Delete>Surface Rad>On Elements Main Menu>Preprocessor>Loads>Delete>Volume Fract>On Elements Main Menu>Preprocessor>Loads>Delete>All Load Data>On All Elems Main Menu>Preprocessor>Loads>Delete>Load Vector>For Superelement Main Menu>Solution>Delete>Ambient Rad>On Elements Main Menu>Solution>Delete>Boundary>On Elements Main Menu>Solution>Delete>Convection>On Elements Main Menu>Solution>Delete>Excitation>On Elements Main Menu>Solution>Delete>Flag>On Elements Main Menu>Solution>Delete>Heat Flux>On Elements Main Menu>Solution>Delete>Impedance>On Elements Main Menu>Solution>Delete>Other>On Elements Main Menu>Solution>Delete>Pressure>On Elements Main Menu>Solution>Delete>Radiation>On Elements Main Menu>Solution>Delete>Surface Rad>On Elements Main Menu>Solution>Delete>Volume Fract>On Elements Main Menu>Solution>Delete>All Load Data>On All Elems Main Menu>Solution>Delete>Load Vector>For Superelement
Page 76 of 165
Prev SFE Prev SFELIST S Commands
Next SFELIST Next
SFELIST
Name
SFELIST, ELEM, Lab Lists the surface loads for elements. group: SOLUTION:FE Surface Loads product: MP ME ST PR EM FL PP ED
ELEM
Element at which surface load is to be listed. If ALL (or blank), list loads for all selected elements [ESEL]. If ELEM = P, graphical picking is enabled and all remaining command fields are ignored (valid only in the GUI). A component name may be substituted for ELEM.
Lab
Valid surface load label. If ALL (or blank), use all appropriate labels. Structural label: PRES file://D:\Documents%20and%20Settings\Administrator\Local%20Settings\Temp\~hh... 20.05.2004
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(pressure). Thermal labels: CONV (convection); HFLUX (heat flux); RAD (radiation); RDSF (surface-to-surface radiation). Fluid labels: FSI (fluid-structure interaction flag); VFRC (volume fraction for VOF method); IMPD (impedance). Magnetic label: MXWF (Maxwell force flag). Substructure label: SELV (Load vector number). Electric labels: CHRGS (surface charge density); MXWF (Maxwell force flag). Infinite element label: INF (Exterior surface flag for INFIN110 and INFIN111). High-frequency electromagnetic labels: PORT (waveguide port number); SHLD (surface shielding properties). Thermal labels CONV and HFLUX are mutually exclusive. If Lab = SFI, only the fluid elements must be selected for the flag to be applied.
Notes
The surface loads listed correspond to the current database values. The database is not updated for surface loads in POST1. Surface loads specifed in tabular form, however, do list their values corresponding to the current results set in POST1. This command is valid in any processor.
Menu Paths
Utility Menu>List>Loads>Surface Loads>On All Elements Utility Menu>List>Loads>Surface Loads>On Picked Elems
Prev SFEDELE Prev SFFUN S Commands
Next SFFUN Next
SFFUN
Name
SFFUN, Lab, Par, Par2 Specifies a varying surface load. group: SOLUTION:FE Surface Loads product: MP ME ST PR EM FL PP ED
Lab
Valid surface load label. Load labels are listed under "Surface Loads" in the input table for each element type in the ANSYS Elements Reference. Structural label: PRES (pressure). Thermal labels: CONV (convection); HFLUX (heat flux). Electric labels: CHRGS (Surface Charge density). Issue SFFUN,STATUS to list current command settings. Thermal labels CONV and HFLUX are mutually exclusive.
Par
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Parameter containing list of surface load values. If Lab = CONV, values are typically the film coefficients and Par2 values (below) are typically the bulk temperatures.
Par2
Parameter containing list of second surface load values (if any). If Lab = CONV, the Par2 values are typically the bulk temperatures. Par2 is not used for other surface load labels.
Notes
Specifies a surface load "function" to be used when the SF or SFE command is issued. The function is supplied through an array parameter vector which contains nodal surface load values. Node numbers are implied from the sequential location in the array parameter. For example, a value in location 11 applies to node 11. The element faces are determined from the implied list of nodes when the SF or SFE command is issued. Zero values should be supplied for nodes that have no load. A tapered load value may be applied over the element face. These loads are in addition to any loads that are also specified with the SF or SFE commands. Issue SFFUN (with blank remaining fields) to remove this specification. Issue SFFUN,STATUS to list current settings. Starting array element numbers must be defined for each array parameter vector. For example, SFFUN,CONV,A(1,1),A(1,2) reads the first and second columns of array A (starting with the first array element of each column) and associates the values with the nodes. Operations continue on successive column array elements until the end of the column. SFFUN dose not work for tabular boundary conditions. This command is also valid in PREP7.
Menu Paths
Main Menu>Preprocessor>Loads>Settings>Node Function Main Menu>Solution>Settings>Node Function
Prev SFELIST Prev SFGRAD S Commands
Next SFGRAD Next
SFGRAD
Name
SFGRAD, Lab, SLKCN, Sldir, SLZER, SLOPE Specifies a gradient (slope) for surface loads. group: SOLUTION:FE Surface Loads product: MP ME ST PR EM FL PP ED
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Lab
Valid surface load label. Load labels are listed under "Surface Loads" in the input table for each element type in the ANSYS Elements Reference. Structural labels: PRES (pressure). Thermal labels: CONV (convection (bulk temperatures only)); HFLUX (heat flux). Electric labels: CHRGS (surface charge density). Thermal labels CONV and HFLUX are mutually exclusive.
SLKCN
Reference number of slope coordinate system (used with Sldir and SLZER to determine COORD). Defaults to 0 (the global Cartesian coordinate system).
Sldir
Slope direction in coordinate system SLKCN: X -Slope is along X direction (default). Interpreted as R direction for non-Cartesian coordinate systems. Y -Slope is along Y direction. Interpreted as systems. Z -Slope is along Z direction. Interpreted as coordinate systems.
SLZER
direction for non-Cartesian coordinate
direction for spherical or toroidal
Coordinate location (degrees for angular input) where slope contribution is zero (CVALUE = VALUE). Allows the slope contribution to be shifted along the slope direction. For angular input, SLZER should be between 180 if the singularity [CSCIR] is at 180 and should be between 0 and 360 if the singularity is at 0 .
SLOPE
Slope value (load per unit length or per degree).
Notes
Specifies a gradient (slope) for surface loads. All surface loads issued with the SF, SFE, SFL, or SFA commands while this specification is active will have this gradient applied (for convections, only the bulk temperature will be affected). The load value, CVALUE, calculated at each node is: CVALUE = VALUE + (SLOPE X (COORD- SLZER))
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where VALUE is the load value specified on the subsequent SF, SFE, SFL, or SFA commands and COORD is the coordinate value (in the Sldir direction of coordinate system SLKCN) of the node. Only one SFGRAD specification may be active at a time (repeated use of this command replaces the previous specification with the new specification). Issue SFGRAD (with blank fields) to remove the specification. Issue SFGRAD,STAT to show the current command status. The SFGRAD specification (if active) is removed when the LSREAD (if any) command is issued. For elements PIPE16, PIPE17, PIPE18, PIPE20, and PIPE60, tapered pressures are not recognized. Only constant pressures are supported for these elements. SFGRAD dose not work for tabular boundary conditions. This command is also valid in PREP7.
Menu Paths
Main Menu>Preprocessor>Loads>Settings>Gradient Main Menu>Solution>Settings>Gradient
Prev SFFUN Prev SFL S Commands
Next SFL Next
SFL
Name
SFL, LINE, Lab, VALI, VALJ, VAL2I, VAL2J Specifies surface loads on lines of an area. group: SOLUTION:Solid Surface Loads product: MP ME ST PR EM PP ED
LINE
Line to which surface load applies. If ALL, apply load to all selected lines [LSEL]. If LINE = P, graphical picking is enabled and all remaining command fields are ignored (valid only in the GUI). A component name may be substituted for LINE.
Lab
Valid surface load label. Load labels are listed under "Surface Loads" in the input table for each element type in the ANSYS Elements Reference. Structural label: PRES (pressure). Thermal labels: CONV (convection); HFLUX (heat flux); RAD (radiation); RDSF (surface-to-
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surface radiation). Fluid labels: FSI (fluid-structure interaction flag); VFRC (volume fraction for VOF method); IMPD (impedance). Magnetic label: MXWF (Maxwell force flag). Electric labels: MXWF (electrostatic force flag), CHRGS (surface charge density). Infinite element label: INF (Exterior surface flag for INFIN110 and INFIN111).
Note
through VALJ not used with flag labels. Thermal labels CONV and HFLUX are mutually exclusive. If Lab = FSI, only the fluid elements must be selected for the flag to be applied.
VALI VALI, VALJ
Surface load values at the first keypoint ( VALI) and at the second keypoint (VALJ) of the line, or table name for specifying tabular boundary conditions. If VALJ is blank, it defaults to VALI. If VALJ is zero, a zero is used. If Lab = CONV, VALIand VALJ are the film coefficients and VAL2I and VAL2J are the bulk temperatures. To specify a table, enclose the table name in percent signs (%), e.g., %tabname%. Use the *DIM command to define a table. If Lab = CONV and VALI = - N, the film coefficient may be a function of temperature and is determined from the HF property table for material N [MP]. If Lab = RAD, VALI and VALJ values are surface emissivities. and VAL2I and VAL2J are ambient temperatures. The temperature used to evaluate the film coefficient is usually the average between the bulk and wall temperatures, but may be user defined for some elements. If Lab = RDSF, VALI is the emissivity value; the following condition apply: If VALI = -N, the emissivity may be a function of the temperature and is determined from the EMISS property table for material N [MP]. If Lab = VFRC, VALI is the boundary value (defaults to 1).
VAL2I, VAL2J
Second surface load values (if any). If Lab = CONV, VAL2I and VAL2J are the bulk temperatures. If Lab = RAD, VAL2I and VAL2J are the ambient temperatures. If Lab = RDSF, VAL2I is the enclosure number. Radiation will occur between surfaces flagged with the same enclosure numbers. If the enclosure is open, radiation will occur to the ambient. Negative value of enclosure number is appicable for FLUID141 and FLUID142 elements, to model radiation occurring between surfaces inside the fluid domain. VAL2I and VAL2J are not used for other surface load labels. If VAL2J is blank, it defaults to VAL2I. If VAL2J is zero, a zero is used. To specify a table ( Lab = CONV), enclose the table name in percent signs (%), e.g., % tabname%. Use the *DIM command to define a table. If Lab = VFRC, VAL2I is the wetting status value (defaults to 0 or non-wetting). If Lab = VFRC, a VAL2I setting of 1 indicates a wetted boundary. At a wetted boundary, the fluid upstream keeps the associated elements full.
Notes
Specifies surface loads on the selected lines of area regions. The lines represent either the edges of area elements or axisymmetric shell elements themselves. Surface loads may be transferred from lines to elements with the SFTRAN or SBCTRAN commands. See the SFE command for a description of surface loads. Loads input on this command may be tapered. See the SFGRAD command for an alternate tapered load capability. You can specify a table name only when using structural (PRES) and thermal (CONV (film coefficient and/or bulk temperature), HFLUX), boundary value and wetting status (VFRC), and surface emissivity and ambient temperature (RAD) surface load labels. VALJ and VAL2J are ignored for tabular boundary conditions. file://D:\Documents%20and%20Settings\Administrator\Local%20Settings\Temp\~hh... 20.05.2004
S Commands This command is also valid in PREP7.
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Menu Paths
Main Menu>Preprocessor>Loads>Apply>Convection>On Lines Main Menu>Preprocessor>Loads>Apply>Excitation>On Lines Main Menu>Preprocessor>Loads>Apply>Flag>On Lines Main Menu>Preprocessor>Loads>Apply>Fluid-Struct>On Lines Main Menu>Preprocessor>Loads>Apply>Heat Flux>On Lines Main Menu>Preprocessor>Loads>Apply>Impedance>On Lines Main Menu>Preprocessor>Loads>Apply>Other>On Lines Main Menu>Preprocessor>Loads>Apply>Pressure>On Lines Main Menu>Preprocessor>Loads>Apply>Radiation>On Lines Main Menu>Preprocessor>Loads>Apply>Surface Rad>On Lines Main Menu>Solution>Apply>Convection>On Lines Main Menu>Solution>Apply>Excitation>On Lines Main Menu>Solution>Apply>Flag>On Lines Main Menu>Solution>Apply>Fluid-Struct>On Lines Main Menu>Solution>Apply>Heat Flux>On Lines Main Menu>Solution>Apply>Impedance>On Lines Main Menu>Solution>Apply>Other>On Lines Main Menu>Solution>Apply>Pressure>On Lines Main Menu>Solution>Apply>Radiation>On Lines Main Menu>Solution>Apply>Surface Rad>On Lines
Prev SFGRAD Prev SFLDELE S Commands
Next SFLDELE Next
SFLDELE
Name
SFLDELE, LINE, Lab Deletes surface loads from lines. group: SOLUTION:Solid Surface Loads product: MP ME ST PR EM PP ED
LINE
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Line to which surface load deletion applies. If ALL, delete load from all selected lines [LSEL]. If LINE = P, graphical picking is enabled and all remaining command fields are ignored (valid only in the GUI). A component name may be substituted for LINE.
Lab
Valid surface load label. If ALL, use all appropriate labels. See the SFL command for labels.
Notes
Deletes surface loads (and all corresponding finite element loads) from selected lines. This command is also valid in PREP7.
Menu Paths
Main Menu>Preprocessor>Loads>Delete>Ambient Rad>On Lines Main Menu>Preprocessor>Loads>Delete>Convection>On Lines Main Menu>Preprocessor>Loads>Delete>Excitation>On Lines Main Menu>Preprocessor>Loads>Delete>Flag>On Lines Main Menu>Preprocessor>Loads>Delete>Fluid-Struct>On Lines Main Menu>Preprocessor>Loads>Delete>Heat Flux>On Lines Main Menu>Preprocessor>Loads>Delete>Impedance>On Lines Main Menu>Preprocessor>Loads>Delete>Other>On Lines Main Menu>Preprocessor>Loads>Delete>Pressure>On Lines Main Menu>Preprocessor>Loads>Delete>Radiation>On Lines Main Menu>Preprocessor>Loads>Delete>Surface Rad>On Lines Main Menu>Preprocessor>Loads>Delete>Volume Fract>On Lines Main Menu>Preprocessor>Loads>Delete>All Load Data>On All Lines Main Menu>Solution>Delete>Ambient Rad>On Lines Main Menu>Solution>Delete>Convection>On Lines Main Menu>Solution>Delete>Excitation>On Lines Main Menu>Solution>Delete>Flag>On Lines Main Menu>Solution>Delete>Fluid-Struct>On Lines Main Menu>Solution>Delete>Heat Flux>On Lines Main Menu>Solution>Delete>Impedance>On Lines Main Menu>Solution>Delete>Other>On Lines Main Menu>Solution>Delete>Pressure>On Lines Main Menu>Solution>Delete>Radiation>On Lines Main Menu>Solution>Delete>Surface Rad>On Lines Main Menu>Solution>Delete>Volume Fract>On Lines Main Menu>Solution>Delete>All Load Data>On All Lines
Prev SFL
Next SFLIST
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Prev
Next
SFLIST
Name
SFLIST, NODE, Lab Lists surface loads. group: SOLUTION:FE Surface Loads product: MP ME ST PR EM FL PP ED
NODE
Node at which surface load is to be listed. If ALL (or blank), list for all selected nodes [NSEL]. If NODE = P, graphical picking is enabled and all remaining command fields are ignored (valid only in the GUI). A component name may be substituted for NODE.
Lab
Valid surface load label. If ALL (or blank), use all appropriate labels. Structural labels: PRES (pressure). Thermal labels: CONV (convection); HFLUX (heat flux); RAD (radiation); RDSF (surface-to-surface radiation). Fluid labels: FSI (fluid-structure interaction flag); IMPD (impedance). Magnetic labels: MXWF (Maxwell force flag); MCI (magnetic circuit interface). Electric label: CHRGS (surface charge density); MXWF (Maxwell force flag). High-frequency electromagnetic labels: PORT (waveguide port number); SHLD (surface shielding properties). Infinite element label: INF (exterior surface flag for INFIN110 and INFIN111). If Lab = FSI, only the fluid elements must be selected for the flag to be applied.
Notes
Lists the surface loads as applied with the SF command. Loads are listed only for the specified nodes on external faces of selected area and volume elements. Use SFELIST for line elements. The surface loads listed correspond to the current database values. The database is not updated for surface loads in POST1. Surface loads specifed in tabular form, however, do list their values corresponding to the current results set in POST1. This command is valid in any processor.
Menu Paths
Utility Menu>List>Loads>Surface Loads>On All Nodes Utility Menu>List>Loads>Surface Loads>On Picked Nodes
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S Commands Prev SFLDELE Prev SFLLIST S Commands
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SFLLIST
Name
SFLLIST, LINE, Lab Lists the surface loads for lines. group: SOLUTION:Solid Surface Loads product: MP ME ST PR EM PP ED
LINE
Line at which surface load is to be listed. If ALL (or blank), list for all selected lines [LSEL]. If LINE = P, graphical picking is enabled and all remaining command fields are ignored (valid only in the GUI). A component name may be substituted for LINE.
Lab
Valid surface load label. If ALL (or blank), use all appropriate labels. See the SFL command for labels.
Notes
Lists the surface loads for the specified line. This command is valid in any processor.
Menu Paths
Utility Menu>List>Loads>Surface Loads>On All Lines Utility Menu>List>Loads>Surface Loads>On Picked Lines
Prev SFLIST Prev SFSCALE S Commands
Next SFSCALE Next
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SFSCALE
Name
SFSCALE, Lab, FACT, FACT2 Scales surface loads on elements. group: SOLUTION:FE Surface Loads product: MP ME ST PR FL PP ED
Lab
Valid surface load label. If ALL, use all appropriate labels. Structural label: PRES (pressure). Thermal labels: CONV (convection); HFLUX (heat flux). Substructure label: SELV (Load vector number). Electric labels: CHRGS (surface charge density). Thermal labels CONV and HFLUX are mutually exclusive.
FACT
Scale factor for the first surface load value. Zero (or blank) defaults to 1.0. Use a small number for a zero scale factor.
FACT2
Scale factor for the second surface load value. Zero (or blank) defaults to 1.0. Use a small number for a zero scale factor.
Notes
Scales surface loads (pressure, convection, etc.) in the database on the selected elements. Surface loads are applied with the SF, SFE, or SFBEAM commands. Issue the SFELIST command to list the surface loads. Solid model boundary conditions are not scaled by this command, but boundary conditions on the FE model are scaled.
Note
Such scaled FE boundary conditions may still be overwritten by unscaled solid model boundary conditions if a subsequent boundary condition transfer occurs. SFSCALE dose not work for tabular boundary conditions. This command is also valid in PREP7.
Menu Paths
Main Menu>Preprocessor>Loads>Operate>Surface Loads Main Menu>Solution>Operate>Surface Loads
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Prev SFLLIST Prev SFTRAN S Commands
Next SFTRAN Next
SFTRAN
Name
SFTRAN Transfer the solid model surface loads to the finite element model. group: SOLUTION:Solid Surface Loads product: MP ME ST PR EM PP ED
Notes
Surface loads are transferred only from selected lines and areas to all selected elements. The SFTRAN operation is also done if the SBCTRAN command is issued or automatically done upon initiation of the solution calculations [SOLVE]. This command is also valid in PREP7.
Menu Paths
Main Menu>Preprocessor>Loads>Operate>Surface Loads Main Menu>Solution>Operate>Surface Loads
Prev SFSCALE Prev /SHADE S Commands
Next /SHADE Next
/SHADE
Name
/SHADE , WN, Type Defines the type of surface shading used with Z-buffering. group: GRAPHICS:Style product: MP ME ST DY PR EM FL PP ED
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WN

Type
Shading type: FACET or 0 -Facet shading (one color per area face) (default). GOURAUD or 1 -Gouraud smooth shading (smooth variation of color based on interpolated vertex colors). PHONG or 2 -Phong smooth shading (smooth variation of color based on interpolated vertex normals).
Command Default
Facet shading.
Notes
Defines the type of surface shading used on area, volume, and PowerGraphics [/GRAPHICS,POWER] displays when software Z-buffering is enabled [/TYPE]. This command is only functional for 2-D display devices. This command is valid in any processor.
Menu Paths
Prev SFTRAN Prev SHELL S Commands
Next SHELL Next
SHELL
Name
SHELL, Loc Selects a shell element or shell layer location for results output. file://D:\Documents%20and%20Settings\Administrator\Local%20Settings\Temp\~hh... 20.05.2004
S Commands group: POST1:Controls POST26:Controls product: MP ME ST PR PP ED
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Loc
Location within shell element (or layer) to obtain stress results: TOP -Top of shell element (or layer) (default). MID -Middle of shell element (or layer). Calculated from the average of TOP and BOT. BOT -Bottom of shell element (or layer).
Command Default
Shell element (or layer) top location.
Notes
Selects the location within a shell element (or a shell layer) for results output (nodal stresses, strains, etc.). Applies to POST1 selects, sorts, and output [NSEL, NSORT, PRNSOL, PLNSOL, PRPATH, PLPATH, etc.], and is used for storage with the POST26 ESOL command. For example, SHELL,TOP causes item S of the POST1 PRNSOL command or the POST26 ESOL command to be the stresses at the top of the shell elements. For layered shell elements, use the LAYER (POST1) or LAYERP26 (POST26) command to select the layer. For PowerGraphics [/GRAPHICS,POWER], the SHELL ,MID command affects both the printed output and the displayed results, while the SHELL (TOP or BOT) command prints and displays both the top and bottom layers simultaneously. In POST26, the ESOL data stored is based on the active SHELL specification at the time the data is stored. To store data at various specifications (for example, stresses at the top and bottom locations), issue a STORE command before each new specification.
Menu Paths
Main Menu>General Postproc>Options for Outp Main Menu>TimeHist Postpro>Define Variables Main Menu>TimeHist Postpro>Elec&Mag>Circuit>Define Variables Utility Menu>List>Results>Options
Prev
Next
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/SHOW
Name
/SHOW, Fname, Ext, VECT, NCPL Specifies the device and other parameters for graphics displays. group: GRAPHICS:Set Up product: MP ME ST DY PR EM FL PP ED
Fname
Device name, filename, or keyword, as listed below: <devicename> -Any valid graphics display device name (e.g., X11, 3D, etc.). Defaults to X11 for most systems. See Getting Started with Graphics in the ANSYS Basic Analysis Guide for details. A device name must be defined before activating the Graphical User Interface (GUI). Once the GUI is activated, the device name cannot be changed for that ANSYS session, except for switching between X11 and X11C. <filename> -Name of graphics file to which graphics displays are to be diverted (32 characters maximum). Should not be the same as a valid device name or any other Fname option. Plots are written to the file Filename.Ext (or just Filename.Ext if Ext is left blank) in the working directory. If this file already exists, it will be overwritten unless the command is being re-issued in the same ANSYS session. TERM -Graphics displays are switched back to the last-specified device name. CLOSE -This option purges the graphics file buffer. The CLOSE option should be issued any time you are changing graphics devices or file output types during an ANSYS session. Graphics displays are switched back to the last-specified device name, and any open graphics files are closed. The CLOSE option is similar to the TERM option, however, with the CLOSE option, another process, such as the DISPLAY program, can access the data in the graphics file. The CLOSE option causes graphics file buffers to be flushed to the graphics file. FILE -file://D:\Documents%20and%20Settings\Administrator\Local%20Settings\Temp\~hh... 20.05.2004
S Commands Graphics displays are switched back to the last-specified file name. OFF -Graphics display requests are ignored. (blank) --
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If blank in interactive mode, graphics will be displayed on screen as requested by display commands (no file written); If blank in batch mode, graphics data will be written to Jobname.GRPH. PSCR -Creates PostScript graphic files that are named Jobnamennn.gif, where nnn is a numeric value that is incremented by one as each additional file is created; that is, Jobname000.gif, Jobname001.gif, Jobname002.gif, and so on . (See the PSCR command for options.) Ignores the Ext and NCPL fields. HPGL -Creates Hewlett-Packard Graphics Language files that are named Jobnamennn.hpgl, where nnn is a numeric value that is incremented by one as each additional file is created; that is, Jobname000.hpgl, Jobname001.hpgl, Jobname002.hpgl, and so on. (See the HPGL command for options.) Ignores the Ext and NCPL fields. HPGL2 -Creates Hewlett-Packard Graphics Language files that are named Jobnamennn.hpgl, where nn is a numeric value that is incremented by one as each additional file is created; that is, Jobname000.hpgl, Jobname001.hpgl, Jobname02.hpgl, and so on. The HPGL2 files have enhanced color. (See the HPGL command for options.) Ignores the Ext field. JPEG -Creates JPEG files that are named Jobnamennn.jpg, where nnn is a numeric value that is incremented by one as each additional file is created; that is, Jobname000.jpg, Jobname001.jpg, Jobname002.jpg, and so on. Ignores the Ext field. TIFF -Creates tagged image format files that are named Jobnamennn.tif, where nnn is a numeric value that is incremented by one as each additional file is created; that is, Jobname000.tif, Jobname001.tif, Jobname002.tif, and so on. This value for the Fname argument ignores the Ext field. (See the TIFF command for options.) PNG -Creates PNG (Portabe Network Graphics) files that are named Jobnamennn.png, where nnn is a numeric value that is incremented by one as each additional file is created; that is, Jobname000.png, Jobname001.png, Jobname002.png, and so on. This value for the Fname argument ignores the Ext field. (See the PNGR command for options.)
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Creates Virtual Reality Meta Language files named Jobname000.wrl that can be displayed on 3-D Internet web browsers. Ignores the Ext and NCPL fields.
Ext

VECT
Specifies raster or vector display mode. This affects area, volume, and element displays, as well as geometric results displays such as contour plots. See the /DEVICE command for an alternate way to toggle between raster and vector mode. Changing VECT also resets the /TYPE command to its default. 0 -Raster display (color filled entities; default) 1 -Vector display (outlined entities; i.e., "wireframe")
NCPL
Sets the number of color planes (4 to 8). Default is device-dependent. NCPL is not supported by all graphics devices.
Command Default
For interactive runs, display is shown on the screen; for batch runs, display commands are ignored (graphics file not written).
Notes
Specifies the device to be used for graphics displays, and specifies other graphics display parameters. Display may be shown at the time of generation (for interactive runs at a graphics display terminal) or diverted to a file for later processing with the DISPLAY program. Issue /PSTATUS for display status. Batch runs do not have access to the fonts available on your system. The Courier and Helvetica font files used for JPEG, PNG and TIFF batch output are copyrighted by Adobe Systems Inc. and Digital Equipment Corp. Permission to use these trademarks is hereby granted only in association with the images described above. Batch run JPEG output is produced at the default quality index value of 75, unless specified otherwise. This command is valid in any processor.
Menu Paths
Utility Menu>PlotCtrls>Device Options
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S Commands Utility Menu>PlotCtrls>Redirect Plots>To File Utility Menu>PlotCtrls>Redirect Plots>To GRPH File Utility Menu>PlotCtrls>Redirect Plots>To HPGL File Utility Menu>PlotCtrls>Redirect Plots>To HPGL2 File Utility Menu>PlotCtrls>Redirect Plots>To PSCR File Utility Menu>PlotCtrls>Redirect Plots>To Screen
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Prev SHELL Prev /SHOWDISP S Commands
Next /SHOWDISP Next
/SHOWDISP
Name
/SHOWDISP , Dname, --, --, NCPL Defines the display driver name. group: DISPLAY:Set Up product: MP ME ST DY PR EM FL PP ED
Dname
Valid driver name (see Getting Started with Graphics in the ANSYS Basic Analysis Guide for details): <devicename> -Any linked terminal driver (such as X11, TEKTRONIX, etc.) HPGL -Hewlett-Packard Graphics Language HPGL2 -Hewlett-Packard Graphics Language with enhanced color. (See the HPGL command for options.) Ignores the NCPL field. INTERLEAF -Interleaf ASCII Format, OPS Version 5.0 POSTSCRIPT --
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S Commands PostScript, Version 1.0 Minimally Conforming DUMP -ASCII Text Dump
--, --
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Unused fields.
NCPL
Number of color planes (4 to 8). Default is device-dependent.
Menu Paths
Prev /SHOW Prev SHPP S Commands
Next SHPP Next
SHPP
Name
SHPP, Lab, VALUE1, VALUE2 Controls element shape checking. group: PREP7:Meshing product: MP ME ST DY PR EM FL PP ED
Lab
Shape checking option. (When Lab = WARN, STATUS, SUMMARY, or DEFAULT, the remaining arguments are ignored.) ON -Activates element shape checking. New elements, regardless of how they are created, are tested against existing warning and error limits. (The existing limits may be the default limits, or previously modified limits.) Elements that violate error limits produce error messages and either (a) cause a meshing failure, or (b) for element creation or storage other than AMESH or VMESH, are not stored. Elements that violate warning limits produce warning messages. If shape checking was previously turned off [SHPP,OFF] and you turn it on, existing elements are marked as untested; use the file://D:\Documents%20and%20Settings\Administrator\Local%20Settings\Temp\~hh... 20.05.2004
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CHECK command to retest them. With this option, you may also specify a value for VALUE1 to turn individual shape tests on. If you do not specify a value for VALUE1, all shape tests are turned on. WARN -Activates element shape checking; however, in contrast to SHPP,ON, elements that violate error limits do not cause either a meshing or element storage failure. Instead, they produce warning messages to notify you that error limits have been violated. This option does not alter current shape parameter limits. Since the default shape parameter error limits are set to allow almost any usable element, the elements this option allows, which would otherwise be forbidden, are likely to be very poorly shaped. OFF -Deactivates element shape checking. This setting does not alter current shape parameter limits. Use of this option is risky, since poorly shaped elements can lead to analysis results that are less accurate than would otherwise be expected for a given mesh density. With this option, you may also specify a value for VALUE1 to turn individual shape tests off. If you do not specify a value for VALUE1, all element shape tests are turned off. SILENT -Determines whether element shape checking runs in silent mode. In silent mode, ANSYS checks elements without issuing warnings, with the exception of the generic warnings that it issues at solution. With this option, you must also specify a value for VALUE1 (During the execution of certain commands, ANSYS automatically runs element shape checking in silent mode, then internally summarizes the shape test results for all of the new or modified elements. ANSYS does this when it executes any of the following commands: AGEN, AMESH, AREFINE, ARSYM, ATRAN, CDREAD, EBLOCK, EGEN , ENGEN, ENSYM, EREAD, EREFINE, ESYM, ET, FVMESH, KREFINE, LREFINE, NREFINE, TIMP, VEXT, VGEN , VIMP, VMESH, VOFFST, VROTAT , VSWEEP, VSYMM, and VTRAN.) For more information on the EBLOCK command see the ANSYS Guide to User Programmable Features STATUS -Lists the shape parameter limits currently in effect, along with status information about element shape checking (for example, whether any individual shape tests are off, whether any of the shape parameter limits have been modified, and so on). SUMMARY -Lists a summary of element shape test results for all selected elements. DEFAULT -Resets element shape parameter limits to their default values. Also, if any individual tests were turned off, turns them back on. (The SHPP,DEFAULT command may be useful if any parameter limits were previously altered by using the MODIFY option.) OBJECT -file://D:\Documents%20and%20Settings\Administrator\Local%20Settings\Temp\~hh... 20.05.2004
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Determines whether element shape test results data is stored in memory. When this option is turned on, an "object" is created for storing test results in memory. When this option is turned off, no object is created and no data is stored; thus, any operation that requires shape parameters for an existing element (such as use of the CHECK command) causes the shape parameters to be recomputed. (Note the distinction between storing the data in memory and storing it in the database; regardless of whether this option is turned on or off, no element shape test results data will be stored in the database. The element shape parameter object is deleted automatically before any solution.) This setting is independent of shape checking status, with one exception--if shape checking is turned off [SHPP,OFF], the object is not created. Keep in mind that recomputing shape parameters is more computationally expensive than retrieving them from the object. With this option, you must also specify a value for the VALUE1 argument; the VALUE2 argument is ignored. LSTET -Determines, for Jacobian ratio tests, whether sampling is done at integration points (DesignSpace method), or at corner nodes. When this option is turned on, sampling is done at integration points, and the default limits for h-element Jacobian ratios are a warning tolerance of 10 and an error tolerance of 40. When this option is turned off, sampling is done at corner nodes, and the corresponding default limits are a warning tolerance of 30 and an error tolerance of 1000. Sampling at the integration points (option on) results in a lower Jacobian ratio, but that ratio is also subjected to a more restrictive error limit. Some elements that have passed the integration point sampling criterion, have failed the corner mode sampling criterion. Because of this, use integration point sampling only for simple linear analyses. For other types of analyses (e.g., nonlinear, electromagnetic), use sampling at corner nodes, which is the more conservative approach. With this option, you must also specify a value for the VALUE1 argument; the VALUE2 argument is ignored. MODIFY -Indicates that you want to respecify a shape parameter limit. With this option, you must also specify values for the VALUE1 and VALUE2 arguments. FLAT -Determines the warning and error limitrs used to test elements that may exhibit nonzero/non-constant Z coordinates. With this option, you must also specify values for the VALUE1 and/or VALUE2 arguments.
VALUE1
Valid for the ON, OFF, SILENT, OBJECT, LSTET, MODIFY, and FLAT options only. When Lab = ON or OFF, use VALUE1 to individually control (that is, turn off or turn on) specific element shape tests. Thus, VALUE1 can be ANGD (SHELL28 corner angle deviation tests), ASPECT (aspect ratio tests), PARAL (deviation from parallelism of opposite edges tests), MAXANG (maximum corner angle tests), JACRAT (Jacobian ratio tests), WARP (warping factor tests), or ALL (all tests). When Lab = SILENT, VALUE1 can be ON (to turn silent mode on) or OFF (to turn silent mode off). When Lab = OBJECT, VALUE1 can be either 1, YES, or ON to turn on storage of element shape test data (the default); or it can be 0, NO, or OFF to turn off storage of element shape test data (delete the data and recompute as necessary). When Lab = LSTET, VALUE1 can be either 1, YES, or ON to choose Jacobian sampling at integration points; or it can be 0, NO, or OFF to choose Jacobian sampling at nodes (the default). When file://D:\Documents%20and%20Settings\Administrator\Local%20Settings\Temp\~hh... 20.05.2004
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Lab
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= MODIFY, VALUE1 is the numeric location (within the shape parameter limit array) of the shape parameter limit to be modified. Locations are identified in the element shape checking status listing [SHPP,STATUS]. For more information, see the examples in the Notes section. When Lab = FLAT, VALUE1 is the warning limit for XY element constant Z sets performed at CHECK or SOLVE. The default is 1.0e--8.
VALUE2
Valid for the MODIFY and FLAT options only. When Lab = MODIFY, specifies the new limit for the shape parameter that is in the location indicated by the VALUE1 argument. See the examples in the Notes section. When Lab = FLAT, VALUE2 is the error limit. The default is 1.0e-2.
Command Default
All shape checking tests are on [SHPP,ON,ALL] with default shape parameter limits. Silent mode is off. Memory object storage of element shape parameters is on.
Notes
The following examples illustrate how to use the SHPP,MODIFY,VALUE1 ,VALUE2 command to respecify shape parameter limits. Assume that you issued the SHPP,STATUS command, and you received the output below:
ASPECT RATIO (EXCEPT FLOTRAN OR EMAG) QUAD OR TRIANGLE ELEMENT OR FACE WARNING TOLERANCE ( 1) = 20.00000 ERROR TOLERANCE ( 2) = 1000000. . . . MAXIMUM CORNER ANGLE IN DEGREES (EXCEPT FLOTRAN OR EMAG) TRIANGLE ELEMENT OR FACE WARNING TOLERANCE (15) = 165.0000 ERROR TOLERANCE (16) = 179.9000
Notice that in the sample output, the warning tolerance for aspect ratios is set to 20. Now assume that you want to "loosen" this shape parameter limit so that it is less restrictive. To allow elements with aspect ratios of up to 500 without causing warning messages, you would issue this command:
SHPP,MODIFY,1,500
Also notice that each shape parameter's numeric location within the shape parameter limit array appears in the sample output within parentheses. For example, the numeric location of the aspect ratio shape parameter (for warning tolerance) is 1, which is why "1" is specified for the VALUE1 argument in the example command above. Now notice that the sample output indicates that any triangle element with an internal angle that is greater than 179.9 degrees will produce an error message. Suppose that you want to "tighten" this shape parameter limit, so that it is more restrictive. To cause any triangle or tetrahedron with an internal angle greater than 170 degrees to produce an error message, you would issue this command:
SHPP,MODIFY,16,170
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Warning: The existence of badly shaped elements in a model may lead to certain computational errors that can cause your system to abort during ANSYS solution. Therefore, you run the risk of a system abort during solution any time that you turn element shape checking off entirely, run shape checking in warning-only mode, turn off individual shape checks, or loosen shape parameter limits. Changing any shape parameter limit marks all existing elements as untested; use the CHECK command to retest them. Since the shape parameter limit array was completely reorganized at ANSYS 5.4, you should revise any input files created prior to 5.4 that contain limit changes so that they reflect the reorganized data structure. For more information about element shape checking, see Meshing Your Solid Model in the ANSYS Modeling and Meshing Guide.
Menu Paths
Main Menu>Preprocessor>Checking Ctrls>Shape Checking Main Menu>Preprocessor>Checking Ctrls>Toggle Checks
Prev /SHOWDISP Prev /SHRINK S Commands
Next /SHRINK Next
/SHRINK
Name
/SHRINK, RATIO Shrinks elements, lines, areas, and volumes for display clarity. group: GRAPHICS:Scaling product: MP ME ST DY PR EM FL PP ED
RATIO
Shrinkage ratio (input as a decimal (0.0 to 0.5)). Defaults to 0.0 (no shrinkage). Values greater than 0.5 default to 0.1 (10% shrinkage).
Command Default
Full size entities.
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Notes
Shrinks the elements, lines, areas, and volumes so that adjacent entities are separated for clarity. This command is not valid with p-elements. Portions of this command are not supported by PowerGraphics [/GRAPHICS,POWER]. If only the common lines of non-coplanar faces are drawn (as per the /EDGE command), then this command is ignored. This command is valid in any processor.
Menu Paths
Prev SHPP Prev SLIST S Commands
Next SLIST Next
SLIST
Name
SLIST, SFIRST, SLAST, SINC, Details, Type Summarizes the section properties for all defined sections in the current session of ANSYS. group: PREP7:Cross Sections product: MP ME ST PP ED
SFIRST
First section ID to be summarized; defaults to first available section in the database.

SLAST
Last section ID to be summarized; defaults to last available section in the database.

SINC
Increment of the section ID; defaults to 1.

Details
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S Commands Determines the content of the summarized information for beams. BRIEF --
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The default; lists only the section integrated properties (such as Area, Iyy, and Iyz). FULL -Lists the section integrated properties, as well as the section nodal coordinates, section cell connectivity information, and section cell integration point coordinates. 44 -You can use section commands with BEAM44 elements instead of defining real constants to describe the elements. Issuing SLIST,,,,44 lists the section integrated properties, as well as the real constant commands that are equivalent to your section command specifications. A section made of multiple materials cannot be modeled using BEAM44.
Type
Specifies the type of section. Valid arguments are ALL (default), BEAM, or PRETENSION.
Notes
For BEAM188 and BEAM189 elements, the PRSSOL command prints section nodal and section integration point results. Stresses and strains are printed at section nodes, and plastic strains and plastic work are printed at section integration points. PRSSOL does not support BEAM44 elements. By default, the command lists information concerning all sections; however, you can limit the output to only beam or pretension sections using the Type key.
Sample Output
Here is sample output from the SLIST,,,,BRIEF command for a rectangle section subtype:
LIST SECTION ID SETS 1 TO 1 BY 1
SECTION ID NUMBER: 1 BEAM SECTION TYPE: Rectangle BEAM SECTION NAME IS: BEAM SECTION DATA SUMMARY: Area = 6.0000 Iyy = 4.5000 Iyz = 0.11281E-15 Izz = 2.0000 Warping Constant = 0.23299 Torsion Constant = 4.7330 Center of Gravity Y =-0.30973E-16 Center of Gravity Z = 0.15376E-15 Shear Center Y =-0.22957E-13 Shear Center Z = 0.31281E-13 Beam Section is offset to CENTROID of cross section
Menu Paths
S Commands Main Menu>Preprocessor>Sections>List Sections
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Prev /SHRINK Prev SLOAD S Commands
Next SLOAD Next
SLOAD
Name
SLOAD, SECID, STLOC, VAL1, VAL2, VAL3, VAL4, VAL5, VAL6 Load a pretension section. group: PREP7:Cross Sections product: MP ME ST PP ED
SECID
Unique section number. This number must already be assigned to a pretension section.
STLOC
Starting location in table for entering data. STLOC must be greater than or equal to 9. Locations 1 through 8 are reserved for internal parameters. STLOC may also be set to DELETE. If STLOC = DELETE, then all loads defined for the specified section will be deleted and the remaining fields will be ignored.
VAL1, VAL2, VAL3, VAL4, VAL5, VAL6
Data values assigned to six locations starting with STLOC. If a value is already in this location, it is redefined. A blank value leaves the existing value unchanged. If STLOC = 9, then VAL1 corresponds to the 9th location, VAL2 corresponds to the 10th location, etc. If STLOC = 10, then VAL1 corresponds to the 10th location,VAL2 corresponds to the 11th location, etc. These are five possible types of data values: KINIT -Initial action key. KFD -Force/Displacement key.
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S Commands FDVALUE -Preload value. LSLOAD -Load step when FDVALUE is applied. LSLOCK -Load step when FDVALUE is locked.
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The initial action key, KINIT can only be specified as VAL1 with STLOC = 9. KINIT is used to apply a very small preload before the desired preload is established to prevent convergence problems. This condition can occur when the desired preload is not established in the first load step. There are three possible scenarios for KINIT (VAL1): LOCK, 0, or 1 -Lock at UX = 0 before LSLOAD. SLID or 2 -Free to slide. TINY or 3 -If KFD = F, this is 0.1% of the value of FDVALUE. The remaining four types of data values are repeated for each desired preload and occur in order, depending on the starting location, STLOC. The force/displacement key, KFD, is defined in locations 10, 14, 18, etc. corresponding to the 1st, 2nd, 3rd, etc. preloads. There are two possible scenarios for KFD: FORC, F, 0, 1 -FDVALUE is a force (default). DISP, D, 2 -FDVALUE is an offset displacement. The preload value, FDVALUE is defined in locations 11, 15, 19, etc., corresponding to the 1st, 2nd, 3rd, etc. preloads. The default preload is to have no preload A positive value puts the pretension elements in tension. The applied load step value, LSLOAD, is defined in locations 12, 16, 20, etc., corresponding to the 1st, 2nd, 3rd, etc. preloads. There is no default. You must specify the load step in which FDVALUE is applied. The locked load step value, LSLOCK, is defined in locations 13, 17, 21, etc., corresponding to the 1st, 2nd, 3rd, etc. preloads. There is no default. You must specify the load step in which
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Notes
The SLOAD command applies pretension loads to specified pretension sections (created through the PSMESH command). Such preloads can have various values, with each applied over a specified load step. A load can either be a force or a displacement. The load value can also be locked at a specified load step. When locked, the load is changed from a force to a displacement and is applied as a constant displacement in all future load steps. This is especially useful when applying additional loads as this changes the effect of the initial preload value. That preload value can be transformed into a displacement to preserve its effect. The following example illustrates using the command to establish loads on a pretension section:
SLOAD,1,9,TINY,FORC,5000,1,2
In this example, the load is applied to pretension section 1, and the sequence begins with the initial action key, KINIT, set toTINY. The next four fields set the first load: the KFD value FORC specifies the type of load, FDVALUE defines the preload value (5000), LSLOAD specifies the load step in which the force is applied ( 1), and the LSLOCK field specifies the load step in which the force is locked ( 2). Additional sets of four fields can be used to define additional loads. You can also use the command to edit (actually overwrite) existing loads on a pretension section. This can be done in one of two ways: either completely re-enter the SLOAD command for the pretension section or set the starting position to the argument you wish to change. For example, the following changes the load on pretension section 1 (set above) to 6000:
SLOAD,1,11,6000,1,2
You can also use the command to delete all loads on a specified pretension section:
SLOAD,1,DELETE
Menu Paths
Main Menu>Preprocessor>Loads>Apply>Pretnsn Sectn Main Menu>Preprocessor>Loads>Delete>Section Main Menu>Preprocessor>Loads>Delete>All Load Data>All Section Lds Main Menu>Solution>Apply>Pretnsn Sectn Main Menu>Solution>Delete>Section Main Menu>Solution>Delete>All Load Data>All Section Lds
Prev SLIST Prev SLPPLOT S Commands
Next SLPPLOT Next
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SLPPLOT
Name
SLPPLOT, Prefer, VALUE Displays line loops smaller than a specified size (for models imported from CAD files). group: PREP7:CAD Repair product: MP ME ST DY PR EM FL PP ED
Prefer
Preference for line loop display. If Prefer = FACTOR, the command displays all line loops whose radius is smaller than the radius of the model (taken between the two most distant keypoints) times VALUE. This is the default preference. If Prefer = RADIUS, the command displays all line loops whose radius is smaller than that specified by VALUE.
VALUE
Numeric argument for Prefer.
Notes
Use this command to locate and display disproportionately small line loops when repairing the geometry of models imported from CAD files. Line loops matching the criteria specified in Prefer and VALUE both display in a different color and include their IDs. This command is available only for models imported through the Default IGES option.
Menu Paths
Main Menu>Preprocessor>Simplify>Small Loops
Prev SLOAD Prev SLSPLOT S Commands
Next SLSPLOT Next
SLSPLOT
Name
SLSPLOT, Prefer, VALUE Displays line segments smaller than a specified size (for models imported from CAD files). file://D:\Documents%20and%20Settings\Administrator\Local%20Settings\Temp\~hh... 20.05.2004
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Prefer
Preference for line segment display. If Prefer = FACTOR, the command displays all line segments whose length is smaller than the average length of lines within the model times VALUE. This is the default preference. If Prefer = LENGTH, the command displays all line lengths smaller than that specified by VALUE.
VALUE
Numeric argument for Prefer.
Notes
Use this command to locate and display disproportionately small line segments when repairing the geometry of models imported from CAD files. Line lengths matching the criteria specified in Prefer and VALUE both display in a different color and include their IDs. This command is available only for models imported through the Default IGES option.
Menu Paths
Main Menu>Preprocessor>Simplify>Small Lines
Prev SLPPLOT Prev SMALL S Commands
Next SMALL Next
SMALL
Name
SMALL, IR, IA, IB, IC, Name, --, --, FACTA, FACTB, FACTC Finds the smallest of three variables. group: POST26:Operations product: MP ME ST DY PR EM FL PP ED
IR
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IA, IB, IC
Reference numbers of the three variables to be operated on. If only two, leave IC blank. If only one, leave IB blank also.
Name
--, --
Unused fields.
FACTA, FACTB, FACTC
Scaling factors (positive or negative) applied to the corresponding variables (defaults to 1.0).
Notes
Finds the smallest of three variables according to the operation:
IR
= smallest of ( FACTA x IA, FACTB x IB, FACTC x IC)
Menu Paths
Main Menu>TimeHist Postpro>Math Operations>Find Minimum
Prev SLSPLOT Prev SMAX S Commands
Next SMAX Next
SMAX
Name
SMAX, LabR, Lab1, Lab2, FACT1, FACT2 Forms an element table item from the maximum of two other items. group: POST1:Element Table product: MP ME ST DY PR EM FL PP ED
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LabR
Lab1

Lab2

FACT1

FACT2
Notes
Forms a labeled result item (see ETABLE command) for the selected elements by comparing two existing labeled result items according to the operation:
LabR
= (FACT1 x Lab1) cmx ( FACT2 x Lab2)
where "cmx" means "compare and save maximum." If absolute values are requested [SABS,1], the absolute values of Lab1 and Lab2 are used.
Menu Paths
Main Menu>General Postproc>Element Table>Find Maximum
Prev SMALL Prev /SMBC S Commands
Next /SMBC Next
/SMBC
Name
/SMBC, Mode Controls the display of solid model boundary condition symbols and labels.
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S Commands group: DATABASE:Set Up product: MP ME ST DY PR EM FL PP ED
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Mode
CENT -Solid model boundary condition symbols and labels appear at the centroid of the solid model entity (default). TESS -Solid model boundary condition symbols and labels appear inside each constituent element of the tesselation.
Notes
= CENT is designed to reduce the clutter of boundary condition symbols in solid model plots. For example, if you have assigned normal pressure loads to an area, you may choose to display the pressures as arrows with the /PSF command using /PSF,PRES,NORM,2. When Mode = CENT, the pressure arrow is displayed at the centroid of the area. When Mode = TESS, a pressure arrow is displayed at the centroid of each polygon of the area's tesselation.
Mode
Menu Paths
Prev SMAX Prev SMBODY S Commands
Next SMBODY Next
SMBODY
Name
SMBODY Specifies "Body loads on the solid model" as the subsequent status topic. group: SOLUTION:Status product: MP ME ST DY PR EM FL PP ED
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Notes
Menu Paths
Utility Menu>List>Status>Solution>Body Loads
Prev /SMBC Prev SMCONS S Commands
Next SMCONS Next
SMCONS
Name
SMCONS Specifies "Constraints on the solid model" as the subsequent status topic. group: SOLUTION:Status product: MP ME ST DY PR EM FL PP ED
Notes
Menu Paths
Utility Menu>List>Status>Solution>DOF Constraints
Prev SMBODY Prev SMFOR S Commands
Next SMFOR Next
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SMFOR
Name
SMFOR Specifies "Forces on the solid model" as the subsequent status topic. group: SOLUTION:Status product: MP ME ST DY PR EM FL PP ED
Notes
Menu Paths
Utility Menu>List>Status>Solution>Forces
Prev SMCONS Prev SMIN S Commands
Next SMIN Next
SMIN
Name
SMIN, LabR, Lab1, Lab2, FACT1, FACT2 Forms an element table item from the minimum of two other items. group: POST1:Element Table product: MP ME ST DY PR EM FL PP ED
LabR
Label assigned to results. If same as existing label, the existing values will be overwritten by file://D:\Documents%20and%20Settings\Administrator\Local%20Settings\Temp\~hh... 20.05.2004
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Lab1
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Lab2

FACT1

FACT2
Notes
Forms a labeled result item (see ETABLE command) for the selected elements by comparing two existing labeled result items according to the operation:
LabR
= (FACT1 x Lab1) cmn ( FACT2 x Lab2)
where "cmn" means "compare and save minimum." If absolute values are requested [SABS,1], the absolute values of Lab1 and Lab2 are used.
Menu Paths
Main Menu>General Postproc>Element Table>Find Minimum
Prev SMFOR Prev SMOOTH S Commands
Next SMOOTH Next
SMOOTH
Name
SMOOTH, Vect1, Vect2, DATAP, FITPT, Vect3, Vect4, DISP Allows smoothing of noisy data and provides a graphical representation of the data. group: POST26:Special Purpose product: MP ME ST PR EM FL PP ED
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Vect1
Name of the first vector that contains the noisy data set (i.e., independent variable). You must create and fill this vector before issuing SMOOTH.
Vect2
Name of the second vector that contains the dependent set of data. Must be the same length as the first vector. You must create and fill this vector before issuing SMOOTH.
DATAP
Number of data points to be fitted, starting from the beginning of the vector. If left blank, the entire vector will be fitted. The maximum number of data points is 100,000 (or greater, depending on the memory of the computer).
FITPT
Order of the fitting curve that will be used as a smooth representation of the data. This number should be less than or equal to the number of the data points. Default (blank) is one-half the number of data points. Maximum number of smoothed data fitting order is the number of data points up to 50. Depending on this number, the smoothed curve will be one of the following: 1 -Curve is the absolute average of all of the data points. 2 -Curve is the least square average of all of the data points. 3 or more -Curve is a polynomial of the order (n-1), where n is the number of data fitting order points.
Vect3
Name of the vector that contains the smoothed data of the independent variable. This vector should have a length equal to or greater than the number of smoothed data points. In batch (command) mode, you must create this vector before issuing the SMOOTH command. In interactive mode, the GUI automatically creates this vector (if it does not exist). If you do not specify a vector name, the GUI will name the vector smth_ind.
Vect4
Name of the vector that contains the smoothed data of the dependent variable. This vector must be the same length as Vect3. In batch (command) mode, you must create this vector before issuing the SMOOTH command. In interactive mode, the GUI automatically creates this vector (if it does not exist). If you do not specify a vector name, the GUI will name the vector smth_dep.
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DISP
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Specifies how you want to display data. No default; you must specify an option. 1 -Unsmoothed data only 2 -Smoothed data only 3 -Both smoothed and unsmoothed data
Notes
You can control the attributes of the graph using standard ANSYS controls (/GRID , /GTHK, /COLOR, etc.). If working interactively, these controls appear in this dialog box for convenience, as well as in their standard dialog boxes. You must always create Vect1 and Vect2 (using *DIM) and fill these vectors before smoothing the data. If you're working interactively, ANSYS automatically creates Vect3 and Vect4, but if you're working in batch (command) mode, you must create Vect3 and Vect4 (using *DIM) before issuing SMOOTH. Vect3 and Vect4 are then filled automatically by ANSYS. In addition, ANSYS creates an additional TABLE type array that contains the smoothed array and the unsmoothed data to allow for plotting later with *VPLOT. Column 1 in this table corresponds to Vect1, column 2 to Vect2, and column 3 to Vect4. This array is named Vect3_SMOOTH, up to a limit of 32 characters. For example, if the array name is X1, the table name is X1_SMOOTH. This command is also valid in PREP7 and SOLUTION.
Menu Paths
Main Menu>Preprocessor>LS-DYNA Options>Loading Options>Smooth Data Main Menu>Preprocessor>Loads>Settings>Smooth Data Main Menu>Solution>Settings>Smooth Data Main Menu>Solution>Loading Options>Smooth Data Main Menu>TimeHist Postpro>Smooth Data
Prev SMIN Prev SMRTSIZE S Commands
Next SMRTSIZE Next
SMRTSIZE
Name
S Commands
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SMRTSIZE, SIZLVL, FAC, EXPND, TRANS, ANGL, ANGH, GRATIO, SMHLC, SMANC, MXITR, SPRX Specifies meshing parameters for automatic (smart) element sizing. group: PREP7:Meshing product: MP ME ST DY PR EM FL PP ED
SIZLVL
Overall element size level for meshing. The level value controls the fineness of the mesh. (Any input in this field causes remaining arguments to be ignored.) Valid inputs are: n -Activate SmartSizing and set the size level to n. Must be an integer value from 1 (fine mesh) to 10 (coarse mesh). Remaining arguments are ignored, and argument values are set as shown in SMRTSIZE - Argument Values for h-elements and p-elements. STAT -List current SMRTSIZE settings. DEFA -Set all SMRTSIZE settings to default values (as shown in SMRTSIZE - Argument Values for h-elements and p-elements for size level 6). OFF -Deactivate SmartSizing. Current settings of DESIZE will be used. To reactivate SmartSizing, issue SMRTSIZE,n.
FAC
Scaling factor applied to the computed default mesh sizing. Defaults to 1 for h-elements (size level 6), which is medium. Values from 0.2 to 5.0 are allowed.
EXPND
Mesh expansion (or contraction) factor. (This factor is the same as MOPT,EXPND, Value.) EXPND is used to size internal elements in an area based on the size of the elements on the area's boundaries. For example, issuing SMRTSIZE,,,2 before meshing an area will allow a mesh with elements that are approximately twice as large in the interior of an area as they are on the boundary. If EXPND is less than 1, a mesh with smaller elements on the interior of the area will be allowed. EXPND should be greater than 0.5 but less than 4. EXPND defaults to 1 for h-elements (size level 6), which does not allow expansion or contraction of internal element sizes (except when using AESIZE element sizing). (If EXPND is set to zero, the default value of 1 will be used.) The actual size of the internal elements will also depend on the TRANS option or upon AESIZE or ESIZE sizing, if used.
TRANS
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Mesh transition factor. (This factor is the same as MOPT,TRANS,Value.) TRANS is used to control how rapidly elements are permitted to change in size from the boundary to the interior of an area. TRANS defaults to 2.0 for h-elements (size level 6), which permits elements to approximately double in size from one element to the next as they approach the interior of the area. (If TRANS is set to zero, the default value will be used.) TRANS must be greater than 1 and, for best results, should be less than 4. The actual size of the internal elements will also depend on the EXPND option or upon AESIZE or ESIZE sizing, if used.
ANGL
Maximum spanned angle per lower-order element for curved lines. Defaults to 22.5 degrees per element (size level 6). This angle limit may be exceeded if the mesher encounters a small feature (hole, fillet, etc.). (This value is NOT the same as that set by DESIZE,,,,ANGL.) This option does not apply to p-element meshes.
ANGH
Maximum spanned angle per higher-order element for curved lines. Defaults to 30 degrees per element (size level 6). This angle limit may be exceeded if the mesher encounters a small feature (hole, fillet, etc.). (This value is NOT the same as that set by DESIZE,,,,,ANGH.)
GRATIO
Allowable growth ratio used for proximity checking. Defaults to 1.5 for h-elements (size level 6). Values from 1.2 to 5.0 are allowed; however, values from 1.5 to 2.0 are recommended.
SMHLC
Small hole coarsening key, can be ON (default for size level 6) or OFF. If ON, this feature suppresses curvature refinement that would result in very small element edges (i.e., refinement around small features).
SMANC
Small angle coarsening key, can be ON (default for all levels) or OFF. If ON, this feature restricts proximity refinement in areas where it is ill-advised (that is, in tight corners on areas, especially those that approach 0 degrees).
MXITR
Maximum number of sizing iterations (defaults to to 4 for all levels).

SPRX
Surface proximity refinement key, can be off ( SPRX = 0, which is the default for all levels) or on via two different values ( SPRX = 1 or SPRX = 2). If SPRX = 1, surface proximity refinement is performed and any shell elements that need to be modified are modified. If SPRX=2, surface proximity refinement is performed but no shell elements are altered.
Command Default
SmartSizing is off and DESIZE is used for automatic element sizing.
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Notes
If a valid level number (1 (fine) to 10 (coarse)) is input on SIZLVL, inputs for remaining arguments are ignored, and the argument values are set as shown in SMRTSIZE - Argument Values for helements and p-elements.
Note
The settings are different for h-elements and p-elements (indicated by the "h" and "p" headings in the table). The first column contains SIZLV data, ranging from 10 (coarse) to 1 (fine); 6 is the default. SMRTSIZE - Argument Values for h-elements and p-elements FAC 10 9 8 7 6* 5 4 3 2 1 h 5.0 3.0 1.875 1.5 1.0* 0.65 0.4 0.3 0.25 0.2 p 5.0 4.0 3.0 2.5 1.875 1.5 1.0 0.8 0.6 0.4 EXPND h p 2.0 2.5 1.75 2.35 1.5 2.25 1.0 1.7 1.0* 1.5 1.0* 1.25 1.0* 1.0 1.0* 1.0 1.0* 1.0 1.0* 1.0 TRANS h p 2.0* 2.0 2.0* 2.0 2.0* 2.0 2.0* 2.0 2.0* 2.0 2.0* 2.0 2.0* 2.0 2.0* 2.0 2.0* 2.0 2.0* 2.0 ANGL h p 45.0 36.0 30.0 26.0 22.5 18.0 15.0 12.0 10.0 7.5 ANGH h p 45.0* 30.0 45.0* 30.0 45.0* 30.0 36.0* 30.0 30.0* 30.0 27.0 30.0 22.0 30.0 18.0 22.0 15.0 18.0 15.0 15.0 GRATIO h p 2.0 2.0 1.9 1.9 1.8 1.8 1.7 1.7 1.5* 1.7 1.5 1.6 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.4 1.4 SMHLC h p on on on on on on on on on on on on off on off off off off off off SMANC h p on on on on on on on on on on on on on on on on on on on on MXITR h p 4* 4 4* 4 4* 4 4* 4 4* 4 4* 4 4* 4 4* 4 4* 4 4* 4 SPRX h off off off off off off off off off off
* Default
Where appropriate, SmartSizing will start with AESIZE settings. Elsewhere, it will start with any defined ESIZE,SIZE setting. It will locally override AESIZE or ESIZE for proximity and curvature. SmartSizing ignores any ESIZE,,NDIV setting. LESIZE line division and spacing specifications will be honored by SmartSizing, unless you give permission for SmartSizing to override them (for proximity or curvature) by setting KYNDIV to 1. Lines not having an LESIZE specification are meshed as well as they can be.
Menu Paths
Main Menu>Preprocessor>Size Cntrls>Adv Opts Main Menu>Preprocessor>Size Cntrls>Basic Main Menu>Preprocessor>Size Cntrls>Status
Prev SMOOTH SMSURF file://D:\Documents%20and%20Settings\Administrator\Local%20Settings\Temp\~hh...
Next SMSURF
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S Commands Prev S Commands
SMSURF
Name
SMSURF Specifies "Surface loads on the solid model" as the subsequent status topic. group: SOLUTION:Status product: MP ME ST DY PR EM FL PP ED
Notes
Menu Paths
Utility Menu>List>Status>Solution>Surface Loads
Prev SMRTSIZE Prev SMULT S Commands
Next SMULT Next
SMULT
Name
SMULT, LabR, Lab1, Lab2, FACT1, FACT2 Forms an element table item by multiplying two other items. group: POST1:Element Table product: MP ME ST DY PR EM FL PP ED
LabR
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Lab1

Lab2

FACT1

FACT2
Notes
Forms a labeled result item (see ETABLE command) for the selected elements by multiplying two existing labeled result items according to the operation:
LabR
= (FACT1 x Lab1) x ( FACT2 x Lab2)
May also be used to scale results for a single labeled result item. If absolute values are requested [SABS,1], the absolute values of Lab1 and Lab2 are used.
Menu Paths
Main Menu>General Postproc>Element Table>Multiply
Prev SMSURF Prev SOLCONTROL S Commands
Next SOLCONTROL Next
SOLCONTROL
Name
SOLCONTROL, Key1, Key2, Key3, Vtol Specifies whether to use optimized nonlinear solution defaults and some enhanced internal solution algorithms. group: SOLUTION:Analysis Options product: MP ME ST PR EM PP ED file://D:\Documents%20and%20Settings\Administrator\Local%20Settings\Temp\~hh... 20.05.2004
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Key1
Optimized defaults activation key: ON or 1 -Activates optimized defaults for a set of commands applicable to nonlinear solutions. This is the default. The majority of solution command defaults are listed under the Notes section below. See also the description of individual solution commands for default values. OFF or 0 -Restores defaults to pre-ANSYS 5.4 values (see the Default States table below). Internal solution algorithms work as for pre-ANSYS 5.4.
Key2
Check contact state key. This key is operable only when the optimized defaults are active (Key1 = ON) and a contact or nonlinear status element is present in the model. When check contact state is active, ANSYS will base the time step size on the specifications of KEYOPT (7) for all contact elements. KEYOPT(7) for contact elements can be used to ensure that the time step interval accounts for changes in the contact status. Also, when Key2 = ON, ANSYS ensures the time step is small enough to account for changes in nonlinear element status (applies to LINK10, COMBIN7, COMBIN14, COMBIN39, and COMBIN40 elements). Valid arguments for the key are: ON or 1 -Activate time step predictions based on specifications of element KEYOPT(7) or the nonlinear status of the element (applies to LINK10, COMBIN7, COMBIN14, COMBIN39, and COMBIN40 elements). OFF or 0 -Time step predictions not based on contact status or nonlinear element status (default).
Key3
Pressure load stiffness key. In general, use the default setting. Use a non-default setting only if you encounter convergence difficulties. Pressure load stiffness is automatically included when using eigenvalue buckling analyses (ANTYPE,BUCKLE), equivalent to Key3 = INCP. For all other types of analyses, valid arguments for Key3 are: NOPL -Do not include pressure load stiffness for any elements. no entry (default) -Include pressure load stiffness for elements SURF153, SURF154, SHELL181, PLANE182, PLANE183, SOLID185, SOLID186, SOLID187 BEAM188, and BEAM189.
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Do not include pressure load stiffness for elements PLANE2, PLANE42, SOLID45, SOLID46, SOLID64, SOLID65, PLANE82, VISCO88, VISCO89, SOLID92, SOLID95, and SOLID191. INCP -Include pressure load stiffness for elements PLANE2, PLANE42, SOLID45, SOLID46, SOLID64, SOLID65, PLANE82, VISCO88, VISCO89, SOLID92, SOLID95, SURF153, SURF154, SHELL181, PLANE182, PLANE183, SOLID185, SOLID186, SOLID187 BEAM188, BEAM189, and SOLID191.
Vtol
Tolerance for volumetric compatibility check in the 18x plane and solid elements (PLANE182, PLANE183, SOLID185, SOLID186, SOLID187) when mixed U-P formulation is employed. The default value is 1.0 x 10 -5 . Vtol can range from 0.0 to 1.0, but values between 1.0 x 10-5 and 1.0 x 10-2 are recommended. For more details, see the ANSYS, Inc. Theory Reference.
Notes
The SOLCONTROL command is designed to provide reliable and efficient default solution settings for single-field full structural nonlinear or full transient analysis, or single-field thermal analysis. (It is not applicable for reduced transient analysis.) The optimized default settings and advanced internal solution algorithms can be used to solve the majority of structural/thermal, nonlinear/transient problems with the least amount of user intervention. The SOLCONTROL command is ON by default. In most cases, to successfully solve a problem the user only needs to:
?
Choose NLGEOM,ON for large displacement/strain analysis. Choose NROPT,UNSYM to access unsymmetric pressure load stiffness, material stiffness, friction behavior, etc. Provide the initial step size through the NSUBST or DELTIM command.
To achieve this, the SOLCONTROL command chooses better default settings for a number of commands within ANSYS and uses optimized internal solution algorithms. Commands that ANSYS issues are written to files (such as log and load step files) as COMMAND,1 (for example, KBC,-1).
Note
The state of the SOLCONTROL command is not written by the CDWRITE or LSWRITE commands (so that the CDWRITE file does not rigidly define an individual solution command). Also note that switching SOLCONTROL ON and OFF between loadsteps is not recommended. The SOLCONTROL command also serves as a "reset" command; when you issue SOLCONTROL, all the control commands set earlier in the interactive or input session are reset to their original default values. Text database files ( .CDB files created by CDWRITE) and loadstep files ( .S01, .S02, .Snn, etc. files
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created by LSWRITE) should be handled with care when SOLCONTROL,ON (default). Files of these types sometimes contain control commands that you did not issue intentionally. These extra commands can overwrite the default settings specified by SOLCONTROL. To avoid overwriting the SOLCONTROL settings when you are using .CDB files, use the following procedure: 1. Read the .CDB files into ANSYS. 2. Enter the solution processor [/SOLU]. 3. Issue SOLCONTROL,ON. 4. Issue the desired control commands to overwrite the SOLCONTROL defaults as needed. To use .Snn files properly, you should preview and edit them. Delete the unwanted solution commands before you execute the LSSOLVE command. The following table lists the nonlinear solution parameters and algorithm differences when the command is active and inactive. SOLCONTROL - Default States Table Command General Options Argument SOLCONTROL ON SOLCONTROL OFF
NSBSTP
NSUBST
NSBMX
NSBMN Carry
DTIME
DELTIM DTMIN
DTMAX
1 load step if contact elements TARGE169, TARGE170, Previously specified CONTA171, CONTA172, value. If no specified CONTA173, CONTA174 are not present; if these elements are present, value, defaults to 1. 1 or 1/20 of the load step Previously specified value. If no specified Determined by ANSYS value, defaults to NSBSTP. Previously specified Determined by ANSYS value. If no specified value, defaults to 1. Determined by ANSYS OFF 1 time span of the load step if contact elements TARGE169, TARGE170, CONTA171, CONTA172, Previously specified CONTA173, CONTA174 are not value, if any. present; if these elements are present, 1 or 1/20 of the time span of the load step Previously specified Determined by ANSYS value. If no specified value, defaults to DTIME Previously specified value. If no specified Determined by ANSYS value, defaults to time span of load step.
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S Commands Carry Determined by ANSYS 0 (ramped) for static nonlinear, structural and thermal (steady state) analyses, as well as for transient analyses when TIMINT ,OFF. 1 (stepped) for transient structural and thermal analyses when TIMINT ,ON. (TIMINT,ON is the default for transient analyses.) Chosen by program Uses sparse solver. If PCG solver is chosen, sets multiplier to 2.0 for Newton-Raphson iteration. Does not write default values for most of the relevant solution control commands or options listed in this table. Active OFF
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KBC
KEY
0 for all types of transient or nonlinear analysis
AUTOTS
Key
EQSLV
OFF Uses sparse solver. If PCG solver is chosen, sets multiplier to 1.0 for Newton-Raphson iteration. Write all the default values for solution control commands. Not available Force or moment convergence tolerance = 0.1% Dispalcement tolerance not checked. For force or moment, 1.0 for heat flow, 1.0E-6 otherwise, 0 25 Use ARCLEN as in Release 5.3. OFF OFF 5% 20 Not Available Not Available OFF Automatically toggled on and off depending on whether plasicity or frictional contact exists or not.
CDWRITE and LSWRITE MONITOR Nonlinear Options TOLER CNVTOL MINREF NEQIT ARCLEN PRED LNSRCH CUTCONTROL OPNCONTROL SSTIF
Force or moment convergence tolerance = 0.5% Displacement tolerance = 5%
NROPT
0.01 for force or moment; for heat flow and others the same as SOLCONTROL ,OFF Between 15 and 26, depending on the NEQIT physics of the problem. A more aggressive scheme to openup time step is used. A more stable ARCLEN algorithm is used. On, unless ROTX,ROTY, and ROTZ Sskey are present, or SOLID65 is present. Automatically turned ON when Key contact elements present. PLSLIMIT 15% NPOINT 13 TEMP .01 NUMSTEP 3 ON for geometrically nonlinear Key analysis (NLGEOM, ON). OFF, except: when frictional contact exists; when elements 12, 26, 48, 49 ADPTKY or 52 are present; or when plasticity exists and one of the elements 20, 23, 24 or 60 is present.
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S Commands THETA TOL 1.0 0.0 Time prediction independent of KEYOPT(7) (default) except when requested. .5 .2
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TINTP Element Options
CONTAC12, CONTAC26, CONTAC52 CONTAC12, CONTAC26, CONTAC48, CONTAC49, CONTAC52 PIPE20, BEAM23, BEAM24, PIPE60
Time prediction depending on KEYOPT (7).
Adaptive descent ON when friction is Same present.
Adaptive descent ON when plasticity Same is present. Consistent tangent KEYOPT(2)=1 BEAM4, SHELL63, SHELL143 KEYOPT(2)=0 when NLGEOM,ON. Algorithm Behavior Deformed element shape (Jacobi) check used as criteria Active Not available for early bisection Euler backward theta (for first 1.0 for thermal analysis. 0.0 order equations) Does not write default values for any Write all the default Log file of the relevant commands or options values for solution listed in this table. controls commands. Automatically corrected when values become too small by using a reaction When zero CONVTOL, Moment reference values force times an element characteristic MINREF value is used. length. Check on non-convergent patterns. Check on non-convergent Time step is opened up less patterns not implemented. aggressively; the increase factor Time step is opened up (used in calculating the degree in Automatic time step scheme more aggressively; the which the time step is opened) = 1.5 increase factor = 2.0 (in (in most cases). The calculation also most cases). No physics takes into account the physics of the dependency involved. problem. Reset of all solution control SOLCONTROL,ON or OFF Not available defaults in one command. When force norm is smaller than 1, the calculated force value is still used When force norm is smaller than 1, the Nonlinear convergence criterion as the REF value. If the calculated force value is approaching machine MINREF value is used as zero, the MINREF value is used as the REF value. REF. Warning message printed when Simplified message, not printed in Detailed message printed negative diagonal in matrix is some cases. for each iteration. discovered. Available in GUI. Jobname.ABT file Use Jobname.ABT file to Stop button can also be used. control normal abort.
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Menu Paths
Main Menu>Preprocessor>Loads>Nonlinear>Mixed U-P Toler Main Menu>Solution>Nonlinear>Mixed U-P Toler Main Menu>Solution>Solution Ctrl
Prev SMULT Prev SOLU S Commands
Next SOLU Next
SOLU
Name
SOLU, NVAR, Item, Comp, Name Specifies solution summary data per substep to be stored. group: POST26:Set Up product: MP ME ST DY PR EM PP ED
NVAR
Arbitrary reference number assigned to this variable (2 to NV [NUMVAR]).

Item
Label identifying the item. Valid item labels are shown in the table below. Some items may also require a component label.
Comp
Component of the item (if required). Valid component labels are shown in the table below. None are currently required.
Name
Thirty-two character name identifying the item on printouts and displays. Defaults to an eight character label formed by concatenating the first four characters of the Item and Comp labels.
Notes
See also the PRITER command of POST1 to display some of these items directly. Valid for a static or full transient analysis. All other analyses have zeros for the data. Valid item and component labels
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S Commands for solution summary values are:
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Valid Item Labels Item Description ALLF Total arc-length load factor (ratio of the load at equilibrium to the total applied load) ALDLF Arc-length load factor increment (change in ALLF) ARCL Normalized arc-length radius CNVG Convergence indicator. CRPRAT Maximum creep ratio. CSCV Current segment convergence value. CUCV Current convergence value. DICV Displacement convergence value. DSPRM Descent parameter. DTIME Time step size. EQIT Number of equilibrium iterations. FFCV Fluid flow convergence value. FOCV Force convergence value. HFCV Heat flow convergence value. NC48 Number of nonconverged CONTAC48 elements. NC49 Number of nonconverged CONTAC49 elements. NCMIT Cumulative number of iterations. NCMLS Cumulative number of loadsteps NCMSS Cumulative number of substeps MFCV Magnetic flux convergence value. MOCV Moment convergence value. MXDVL Maximum degree of freedom value. PRCV Pressure convergence value. PSINC Maximum plastic strain increment. RESFRQ Response frequency for 2nd order systems. RESEIG Response eigenvalue for 1st order systems. ROCV Rotation convergence value. SMCV Scalar magnetic potential convergence value. TECV Temperature convergence value. VECV Velocity convergence value. VOCV Voltage convergence value. VMCV Vector magnetic potential convergence value.
Menu Paths
Prev SOLCONTROL
Next /SOLU
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Prev
Next
/SOLU
Name
/SOLU Enters the solution processor. group: SESSION:Processor Entry SOLUTION:Analysis Options product: MP ME ST DY PR EM FL PP ED
Notes
This command is valid only at the Begin Level.
Menu Paths
Main Menu>Solution
Prev SOLU Prev SOLUOPT S Commands
Next SOLUOPT Next
SOLUOPT
Name
SOLUOPT Specifies "Solution options" as the subsequent status topic. group: SOLUTION:Status product: MP ME ST DY PR EM FL PP ED
Notes
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Menu Paths
Utility Menu>List>Status>Solution>General
Prev /SOLU Prev SOLVE S Commands
Next SOLVE Next
SOLVE
Name
SOLVE Starts a solution. group: SOLUTION:Analysis Options product: MP ME ST DY PR EM EH FL ED
Notes
Starts the solution of one load step of a solution sequence based on the current analysis type and option settings.
Menu Paths
Main Menu>Drop Test>Solve Main Menu>Solution>Current LS Main Menu>Solution>Run FLOTRAN Main Menu>Solution>Solve
Prev SOLUOPT Prev SORT S Commands
Next SORT Next
SORT
Name
SORT Specifies "Sort settings" as the subsequent status topic.
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Notes
Menu Paths
Utility Menu>List>Status>General Postproc>Sort Module
Prev SOLVE Prev SOURCE S Commands
Next SOURCE Next
SOURCE
Name
SOURCE, X, Y, Z Defines a default location for undefined nodes or keypoints. group: PREP7:Keypoints PREP7:Nodes product: MP ME ST DY PR EM FL PP ED
X, Y, Z
Global Cartesian coordinates for source nodes or keypoints (defaults to the origin).
Command Default
Global Cartesian origin.
Notes
Defines a global Cartesian location for undefined nodes or keypoints moved during intersection calculations [MOVE or KMOVE].
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Menu Paths
Prev SORT Prev SPACE S Commands
Next SPACE Next
SPACE
Name
SPACE, NODE Defines a space node for radiation using the Radiation Matrix method. group: AUX12:Radiation Substructures product: MP ME ST PR PP ED
NODE
Node defined to be the space node.
Command Default
No space node (no radiation to space).
Notes
A space node is required in an open system to account for radiation losses.
Menu Paths
Main Menu>Radiation Opt>Other Settings
Prev SOURCE Prev SPARM S Commands
Next SPARM Next
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SPARM
Name
SPARM, Porti, Portj Calculates scattering (S) parameters between ports of a network system. group: POST1:Magnetics Calculations product: MP ME EM PP ED
Porti
Port number of the excited port with a excitation mode. (See the description of the HFPORT command.)
Portj
Port number of the output port. This could be used for a multiport system. All ports but Porti must be matched.
Notes
SPARM calculates scattering (S) parameters for multiport or single port (Porti = Portj) systems. The SPARM command macro returns the following complex S parameters: SII, dBSII, SIIPMR, SJI, dBSJI, and SJIPMR, where "I" is the port number for the excited port, "J" is the output port number and PMR is the phase angle.
Menu Paths
Main Menu>General Postproc>Elec&Mag Calc>S-Parameters
Prev SPACE Prev SPCNOD S Commands
Next SPCNOD Next
SPCNOD
Name
SPCNOD, ENCL, NODE Defines a space node for radiation using the Radiosity method. product: MP ME PR PP ED file://D:\Documents%20and%20Settings\Administrator\Local%20Settings\Temp\~hh... 20.05.2004
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ENCL
Radiating surface enclosure number. Defaults to 1. If ENCL = STAT, the command lists all enclosure space nodes. If ENCL = DELE, the command deletes all enclosure space nodes.
NODE
Node defined to be the space node.
Notes
For open systems, an enclosure may radiate to a space node ( NODE). Open systems may be characterized by one or more enclosures (ENCL ). Each enclosure may radiate to a different space node ( NODE). For a space node that is not part of the finite element model, specify the temperature using the D command. For the first load step, the space node temperature ramps from the uniform temperature specified by the TUNIF command to the temperature specified by the D command. For subsequent load steps, it ramps from the previous value of the space node temperature. For intermediate load steps, use the SPCNOD,DELETE command and specify the space node temperature again to ramp from the uniform temperature. For a space node that is part of the finite element model, the temperature is that calculated during the finite element solution.
Menu Paths
Prev SPARM Prev SPCTEMP S Commands
Next SPCTEMP Next
SPCTEMP
Name
SPCTEMP, ENCL, TEMP Defines a free-space ambient temperature for radiation using the Radiosity method. file://D:\Documents%20and%20Settings\Administrator\Local%20Settings\Temp\~hh... 20.05.2004
S Commands product: MP ME PR PP ED group: SOLUTION:Radiosity
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ENCL
Radiating surface enclosure number. Defaults to 1. If ENCL = STAT, the command lists all enclosure space temperatures. If ENCL = DELE, the command deletes all enclosure space temperatures.
TEMP
Temperature of free-space in the reference temperature system. The temperature will be offset by the value specified in the TOFFST command for internal calculations.
Notes
For open systems, an enclosure may radiate to the free-space ambient temperature ( TEMP). Open systems may be characterized by one or more enclosures (ENCL ). Each enclosure may radiate to a different free-space ambient temperature ( TEMP). For the first load step, the space temperature ramps from the uniform temperature specified by the TUNIF command to the temperature specified by the SPCTEMP command. For subsequent load steps, it ramps from the previous value of the space temperature. For intermediate load steps, use the SPCTEMP,DELETE command and specify the space temperature again to ramp from the uniform temperature.
Menu Paths
Prev SPCNOD Prev SPEC S Commands
Next SPEC Next
SPEC
Name
SPEC Specifies "Miscellaneous specifications" as the subsequent status topic.
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Notes
Menu Paths
Utility Menu>List>Status>General Postproc>Output Options
Prev SPCTEMP Prev SPH4 S Commands
Next SPH4 Next
SPH4
Name
SPH4, XCENTER, YCENTER, RAD1, RAD2 Creates a spherical volume anywhere on the working plane. group: PREP7:Primitives product: MP ME ST DY PR EM EH FL PP ED
XCENTER, YCENTER
Working plane X and Y coordinates of the center of the sphere.

RAD1, RAD2
Inner and outer radii (either order) of the sphere. A value of zero or blank for either RAD1 or RAD2 defines a solid sphere.
Notes
Defines either a solid or hollow spherical volume anywhere on the working plane. The sphere must file://D:\Documents%20and%20Settings\Administrator\Local%20Settings\Temp\~hh... 20.05.2004
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have a spatial volume greater than zero. (i.e., this volume primitive command cannot be used to create a degenerate volume as a means of creating an area.) A sphere of 360 will be defined with two areas, each consisting of a hemisphere. See the SPHERE and SPH5 commands for other ways to create spheres. When working with a model imported from an IGES file (DEFAULT import option), you can create only solid spheres. If you enter a value for both RAD1 and RAD2 the command is ignored.
Menu Paths
Main Menu>Preprocessor>Create>Solid Sphere Main Menu>Preprocessor>Create>Sphere>Hollow Sphere Main Menu>Preprocessor>Create>Sphere>Solid Sphere Main Menu>Preprocessor>Trefftz Domain>Create>Sphere>Solid Sphere
Prev SPEC Prev SPH5 S Commands
Next SPH5 Next
SPH5
Name
SPH5, XEDGE1, YEDGE1, XEDGE2, YEDGE2 Creates a spherical volume by diameter end points. group: PREP7:Primitives product: MP ME ST DY PR EM EH FL PP ED
XEDGE1, YEDGE1
Working plane X and Y coordinates of one edge of the sphere.

XEDGE2, YEDGE2
Working plane X and Y coordinates of the other edge of the sphere.
Notes
Defines a solid spherical volume anywhere on the working plane by specifying diameter end points. The sphere must have a spatial volume greater than zero. (i.e., this volume primitive command cannot be used to create a degenerate volume as a means of creating an area.) A sphere of 360 will be defined with two areas, each consisting of a hemisphere. See the SPHERE and SPH4 commands
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S Commands for other ways to create spheres.
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Menu Paths
Main Menu>Preprocessor>Create>Sphere>By End Points Main Menu>Preprocessor>Trefftz Domain>Create>Sphere>By End Points
Prev SPH4 Prev SPHERE S Commands
Next SPHERE Next
SPHERE
Name
SPHERE, RAD1, RAD2, THETA1, THETA2 Creates a spherical volume centered about the working plane origin. group: PREP7:Primitives product: MP ME ST DY PR EM EH FL PP ED
RAD1, RAD2
Inner and outer radii (either order) of the sphere. A value of zero or blank for either RAD1 or RAD2 defines a solid sphere.
THETA1, THETA2
Starting and ending angles (either order) of the sphere. Used for creating a spherical sector. The sector begins at the algebraically smaller angle, extends in a positive angular direction, and ends at the larger angle. The starting angle defaults to 0.0 and the ending angle defaults to 360.0. See the ANSYS Modeling and Meshing Guide for an illustration.
Notes
Defines either a solid or hollow sphere or spherical sector centered about the working plane origin. The sphere must have a spatial volume greater than zero. (i.e., this volume primitive command cannot be used to create a degenerate volume as a means of creating an area.) For a solid sphere of 360, it will be defined with two areas, each consisting of a hemisphere. See the SPH4 and SPH5 commands for the other ways to create spheres.
Menu Paths
S Commands Main Menu>Preprocessor>Create>Sphere>By Dimensions Main Menu>Preprocessor>Trefftz Domain>Create>Sphere>By Dimensions
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Prev SPH5 Prev SPLINE S Commands
Next SPLINE Next
SPLINE
Name
SPLINE, P1, P2, P3, P4, P5, P6, XV1, YV1, ZV1, XV6, YV6, ZV6 Generates a segmented spline through a series of keypoints. group: PREP7:Lines product: MP ME ST DY PR EM FL PP ED
P1, P2, P3, P4, P5, P6
Keypoints through which the spline is fit. At least two must be defined. If P1 = P, graphical picking is enabled and all remaining command fields are ignored (valid only in the GUI). The following fields are used only if specified end slopes on the line are desired, otherwise zero curvature end slopes will be automatically calculated to produce a line which is "straight" in the active coordinate system. To specify end slopes, use the following fields to define a "slope vector" (one for each end of the line, if desired) that has its tail at the origin and its head at the point XVn,YVn, ZVn in the active coordinate system [CSYS]. The corresponding end slope of the line will then be parallel to this "slope vector."
XV1, YV1, ZV1
Location (in the active coordinate system) of the head of the "slope vector" corresponding to the slope at the P1 end of the spline. The tail of the vector is at the origin of the coordinate system.
XV6, YV6, ZV6
Location of the head of the "slope vector" corresponding to the slope at the P6 (or the last keypoint if fewer than six specified) end of the spline.
Notes
The output from this command is a series of connected lines (one line between each pair of
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keypoints) that together form a spline. Note that solid modeling in a toroidal coordinate system is not recommended.
Menu Paths
Main Menu>Preprocessor>Create>Splines>Segmented Spline Main Menu>Preprocessor>Create>Splines>With Options>Segmented Spline
Prev SPHERE Prev SPOINT S Commands
Next SPOINT Next
SPOINT
Name
SPOINT , NODE, X, Y, Z Defines a point for moment summations. group: POST1:Special Purpose product: MP ME ST PR PP ED
NODE
Node number of the desired point. If zero, use X,Y,Z to describe point.
X, Y, Z
Global Cartesian coordinates of the desired summation point. Used if NODE is 0. Defaults to (0,0,0).
Command Default
No point is defined by default; you must either specify a node or coordinates..
Notes
Defines a point (any point other than the origin) about which the tabular moment summations are computed [NFORCE , FSUM]. If force summations are desired in other than the global Cartesian directions, a node number must be specified on the NODE field, and the desired coordinate system must be activated with RSYS.
Menu Paths
S Commands Main Menu>General Postproc>Nodal Calcs>At Node Main Menu>General Postproc>Nodal Calcs>At XYZ Loc
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Prev SPLINE Prev SPOPT S Commands
Next SPOPT Next
SPOPT
Name
SPOPT , Sptype, NMODE, Elcalc Selects the spectrum type and other spectrum options. group: SOLUTION:Spectrum Options product: MP ME ST PR PP ED
Sptype
Spectrum type: SPRS -Single point excitation response spectrum (default). See also the SVTYP command. MPRS -Multiple point excitation response spectrum. DDAM -Dynamic design analysis method. PSD -Power spectral density.
NMODE
Use the first NMODE modes from the modal analysis. Defaults to all extracted modes, as specified by the MODOPT and BUCOPT commands. NMODE cannot be larger than 300.
Elcalc
Element calculation key (for Sptype = PSD only):
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S Commands NO -Do not include stress responses in the calculations (default). YES -Include stress responses in the calculations.
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Notes
Valid only for a spectrum analysis (ANTYPE,SPECTR). This operation must be preceded by a modal solution (ANTYPE,MODAL) with the appropriate files available. If used in SOLUTION, this command is valid only within the first load step. This command is also valid in PREP7.
Only Sptype = SPRS is allowed in ANSYS/Professional.
Menu Paths
Prev SPOINT Prev SPREAD S Commands
Next SPREAD Next
SPREAD
Name
SPREAD, VALUE Turns on a dashed tolerance curve for the subsequent curve plots. group: POST26:Display product: MP ME ST DY PR EM FL PP ED
VALUE
Amount of tolerance. For example, 0.1 is
10%.
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Command Default
No tolerance curve.
Menu Paths
Prev SPOPT Prev SPTOPT S Commands
Next SPTOPT Next
SPTOPT
Name
SPTOPT Specifies "Spectrum analysis options" as the subsequent status topic. group: SOLUTION:Status product: MP ME ST DY PR EM FL PP ED
Notes
Menu Paths
Main Menu>Preprocessor>Loads>Spectrum>Show Status Main Menu>Solution>Spectrum>Show Status Utility Menu>List>Status>Solution>Spectrum Options
Prev SPREAD Prev SQRT S Commands
Next SQRT Next
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S Commands
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SQRT
Name
SQRT , IR, IA, --, --, Name, --, --, FACTA Forms the square root of a variable. group: POST26:Operations product: MP ME ST DY PR EM FL PP ED
IR
IA

--, --
Unused fields.
Name
--, --
Unused fields.
FACTA
Notes
Forms the square root of a variable according to the operation:
Menu Paths
Main Menu>TimeHist Postpro>Math Operations>Square Root
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Prev SPTOPT Prev SRSS S Commands
Next SRSS Next
SRSS
Name
SRSS, SIGNIF, Label Specifies the square root of sum of squares mode combination method. group: SOLUTION:Spectrum Options product: MP ME ST PR PP ED
SIGNIF
Label
Notes
This command is also valid for PREP7.
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Menu Paths
Prev SQRT Prev /SSCALE S Commands
Next /SSCALE Next
/SSCALE
Name
/SSCALE, WN, SMULT Sets the contour multiplier for topographic displays. group: GRAPHICS:Scaling product: MP ME ST DY PR EM FL PP ED
WN

SMULT
Contour multiplier that factors in results based on the product of the multiplier and the result being plotted. Defaults to 0.0 (no topographic effects).
Command Default
No topographic contour effects.
Notes
Use this command to scale values to the geometry when the contours are shown elevated. For section displays [/TYPE], the elevation is performed perpendicular to the section face. Non-zero contour multipliers factoring in large results (stresses or displacements) can produce very large distortion, causing images to disappear. To bring a distorted image back into view, reduce the contour multiplier value. Portions of this command are not supported by PowerGraphics [/GRAPHICS,POWER].
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Menu Paths
Utility Menu>PlotCtrls>Style>Contours>Contour Style
Prev SRSS Prev SSLN S Commands
Next SSLN Next
SSLN
Name
SSLN, FACT, SIZE Selects and displays small lines in the model. group: PREP7:Lines product: MP ME ST DY PR EM FL PP ED
FACT
Factor used to determine small lines. FACT times the average line length in the model is used as the line length limit below which lines will be selected.
SIZE
Line length limit for line selection. Lines that have a length less than or equal to SIZE will be selected. Used only if FACT is blank.
Notes
SSLN invokes a predefined ANSYS macro for selecting small lines in a model. Lines that are smaller than or equal to the specified limit ( FACT or SIZE) are selected and line numbers are displayed. This command macro is useful for detecting very small lines in a model that may cause problems (i.e., poorly shaped elements or a meshing failure) during meshing. All lines that are not "small" will be unselected and can be reselected with the LSEL command.
Menu Paths
Main Menu>Preprocessor>Check Geom>Sel Small Lines
Prev /SSCALE
Next SSTIF
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S Commands SSTIF S Commands
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Prev
Next
SSTIF
Name
SSTIF, Key Activates stress stiffness effects in a nonlinear analysis. group: SOLUTION:Nonlinear Options product: MP ME ST PR PP ED
Key
Stress stiffening key: OFF -No stress stiffening is included (default unless NLGEOM,ON). ON -Stress stiffening is included (default if NLGEOM,ON).
Command Default
SSTIF will be turned on if NLGEOM,ON; otherwise it will be turned off.
Notes
Activates stress stiffness effects in a nonlinear analysis (ANTYPE,STATIC or TRANS). (The PSTRES command also controls the generation of the stress stiffness matrix and therefore should not be used in conjunction with SSTIF.) If used in SOLUTION, this command is valid only within the first load step. When SOLCONTROL and NLGEOM are ON, SSTIF defaults to ON. This normally forms all of the consistent tangent matrix. However, for some special nonlinear cases, this can lead to divergence due to some elements which do not provide a complete consistent tangent. In such a case, we recommend setting SSTIF,OFF to achieve convergence. The default values given for this command assume SOLCONTROL,ON (the default). See the description of SOLCONTROL for a complete listing of the defaults set by SOLCONTROL,ON and SOLCONTROL,OFF. This command is also valid in PREP7.
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Menu Paths
Main Menu>Preprocessor>Loads>Analysis Options Main Menu>Solution>Analysis Options Main Menu>Preprocessor>Loads>Analysis Options Main Menu>Solution>Analysis Options
Prev SSLN Prev SSUM S Commands
Next SSUM Next
SSUM
Name
SSUM Calculates and prints the sum of element table items. group: POST1:Element Table product: MP ME ST DY PR EM FL PP ED
Notes
Calculates and prints the tabular sum of each existing labeled result item [ETABLE] for the selected elements. If absolute values are requested [SABS,1], absolute values are used.
Menu Paths
Main Menu>General Postproc>Element Table>Sum of Each Item
Prev SSTIF Prev STAT S Commands
Next STAT Next
STAT
Name
STAT Displays the status of database settings.
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S Commands group: DATABASE:Set Up DISPLAY:Action product: MP ME ST DY PR EM FL PP ED
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Notes
In the DISPLAY program, STAT will show the current status of the program settings. In the ANSYS program, STAT is a command generated by the GUI and will appear in the log file (Jobname.LOG) if status is requested for some items under Utility Menu>List>Status. Generally, STAT will be preceded by one of the commands listed below, which specifies the particular topic that status was requested for. If entered directly into the program, the STAT command should be immediately preceded by the desired topic command listed below. In processors other than those listed below (e.g., AUX12), no topic command should proceed STAT. This command is valid in any processor. PREP7 topic commands (and their corresponding topics) are: Topic Command Topic ETYPE Element types RCON Real constants MATER Material properties TBLE Data table properties PRIM Solid model primitives KEYPTS Keypoints LINE Lines AREAS Areas VOLUMES Volumes GEOMETRY Solid model information MESHING Meshing BOOL Booleans NODES Nodes ELEM Elements SELM Superelements PIPE Pipe modeling DIGIT Node digitizing COUPLE Node coupling CEQN Constraint equations REORDER Model reordering SOLUTION topic commands (and their corresponding topics) are: Topic Command Topic ATYPE Analysis types MASTER Master DOF
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S Commands GAP Reduced transient gap conditions DEACT Element birth and death (deactivation) LSOPER Load step operations FECONS Constraints on nodes FEFOR Forces on nodes FESURF Surface loads on elements FEBODY Body loads on elements SMCONS Constraints on the solid model SMFOR Forces on the solid model SMSURF Surface loads on the solid model SMBODY Body loads on the solid model INRTIA Inertial loads GENOPT General options DYNOPT Dynamic analysis options NLOPT Nonlinear analysis options OUTOPT Output options BIOOPT Biot-Savart options SPTOPT Spectrum analysis options SOLUOPT Solution options FLOTRAN FLOTRAN data settings POST1 topic commands (and their corresponding topics) are: Topic Command Topic DEFINE Data definition settings SORT Sort settings PRINT Print settings DISPLAY Display settings CALC Calculation settings PATH Path data settings LCCALC Load case settings DATADEF Directly defined data status FATIGUE Fatigue data status POINT Point flow tracing settings SPEC Miscellaneous specifications POST26 topic commands (and their corresponding topics) are: Topic Command Topic DEFINE Data definition settings OPERATE Operation data PRINT Print settings PLOTTING Plotting settings
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Menu Paths
S Commands Main Menu>Prob Design>Status Main Menu>Solution>Current LS
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Prev SSUM Prev *STATUS S Commands
Next *STATUS Next
*STATUS
Name
*STATUS, Par, IMIN, IMAX, JMIN, JMAX, KMIN, KMAX Lists the current parameters and abbreviations. group: APDL:Parameters product: MP ME ST DY PR EM FL PP ED
Par
Specifies the parameter or sets of parameters listed. For array parameters, use IMIN, IMAX, etc. to specify ranges. Use *DIM to define array parameters. Use *VEDIT to review array parameters interactively. Use *VWRITE to print array values in a formatted output. If Par is blank, list all scalar parameter values, array parameter dimensions, and abbreviations. If ARGX, list the active set of local macro parameters (ARG1 to AR99) [*USE]. The following are possible values for Par ALL or blank -Lists all parameters (except those with names beginning or ending with an underbar) and toolbar abbreviations. _PRM -Lists all parameters with names beginning with an underbar (_). These are ANSYS internal parameters. PRM_ -Lists all parameters with names ending with an underbar (_). A good APDL programming convention is to ensure that all parameters created by your system programmer are named with a trailing underbar. ABBR -file://D:\Documents%20and%20Settings\Administrator\Local%20Settings\Temp\~hh... 20.05.2004
S Commands Lists all toolbar abbreviations. PARM -Lists all user parameters.
PARNAME
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--
Lists only the parameter specified. PARNAME cannot be a parameter name beginning or ending with an underbar.
IMIN, IMAX, JMIN, JMAX, KMIN, KMAX
Range of array elements to display (in terms of the three dimensions (row, column, and plane). Minimum values default to 1. Maximum values default to the maximum dimension values. Zero may be input to display the index numbers.
Notes
Menu Paths
Utility Menu>List>Other>Named Parameter Utility Menu>List>Other>Parameters Utility Menu>List>Status>Parameters>All Parameters Utility Menu>List>Status>Parameters>Named Parameters
Prev STAT Prev /STATUS S Commands
Next /STATUS Next
/STATUS
Name
/STATUS , Lab Lists the status of items for the run. group: SESSION:Run Controls product: MP ME ST DY PR EM FL PP ED
Lab
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S Commands Items to list status for: ALL -List all below (default). TITLE -List only titles, Jobname , and revision number. UNITS -List only units. MEM -List only memory data statistics. DB -List only database statistics CONFIG -List only configuration parameters. GLOBAL -Provides a global status summary. SOLU -Provides a solution status summary. PROD -Provides a product summary.
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Notes
Displays various items active for the run (such as the ANSYS revision number, Jobname, titles, units, configuration parameters, database statistics, etc.). This command is valid in any processor.
Menu Paths
Utility Menu>List>Status>Global Status Main Menu>Solution>Current LS
Prev
Next
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S Commands *STATUS Prev STEF S Commands
Page 152 of 165 STEF Next
STEF
Name
STEF, VALUE Specifies Stefan-Boltzmann radiation constant. group: AUX12:Radiation SubstructuresSOLUTION:Radiosity product: MP ME ST PR PP ED
VALUE
Stefan-Boltzmann constant (defaults to 0.119E-10 Btu/hr/in 2 / R4 ).
Command Default
0.119E-10 Btu/hr/in 2 / R4.
Notes
You can use this command in the general preprocessor (PREP7) and in the Solution processor to specify the Stefan-Boltzmann constant for a FLOTRAN analysis using radiation surface boundary conditions.
Menu Paths
Main Menu>Preprocessor>Loads>Apply>Ambient Rad>On Areas Main Menu>Preprocessor>Loads>Apply>Ambient Rad>On Elements Main Menu>Preprocessor>Loads>Apply>Ambient Rad>On Lines Main Menu>Preprocessor>Loads>Apply>Ambient Rad>On Nodes Main Menu>Preprocessor>Loads>Apply>Displacement>On Areas Main Menu>Preprocessor>Loads>Apply>Displacement>On Keypoints Main Menu>Preprocessor>Loads>Apply>Displacement>On Lines Main Menu>Preprocessor>Loads>Apply>Displacement>On Nodes Main Menu>Preprocessor>Loads>Apply>Forces>On Nodes Main Menu>Preprocessor>Loads>Apply>Turbulence>On Areas Main Menu>Preprocessor>Loads>Apply>Turbulence>On Lines Main Menu>Preprocessor>Loads>Apply>Turbulence>On Nodes Main Menu>Preprocessor>Loads>Apply>Velocity>On Areas
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S Commands Main Menu>Preprocessor>Loads>Apply>Velocity>On Keypoints Main Menu>Preprocessor>Loads>Apply>Velocity>On Lines Main Menu>Preprocessor>Loads>Apply>Velocity>On Nodes Main Menu>Preprocessor>Loads>Apply>Volume Fract>On Elements Main Menu>Preprocessor>Loads>Apply>Volume Fract>On Lines Main Menu>Preprocessor>Loads>Solution Opt Main Menu>Radiation Opt>Other Settings Main Menu>Radiation Opt>Solution Opt Main Menu>Solution>Apply>Ambient Rad>On Areas Main Menu>Solution>Apply>Ambient Rad>On Elements Main Menu>Solution>Apply>Ambient Rad>On Lines Main Menu>Solution>Apply>Ambient Rad>On Nodes Main Menu>Solution>Apply>Displacement>On Areas Main Menu>Solution>Apply>Displacement>On Keypoints Main Menu>Solution>Apply>Displacement>On Lines Main Menu>Solution>Apply>Displacement>On Nodes Main Menu>Solution>Apply>Forces>On Nodes Main Menu>Solution>Apply>Turbulence>On Areas Main Menu>Solution>Apply>Turbulence>On Lines Main Menu>Solution>Apply>Turbulence>On Nodes Main Menu>Solution>Apply>Velocity>On Areas Main Menu>Solution>Apply>Velocity>On Keypoints Main Menu>Solution>Apply>Velocity>On Lines Main Menu>Solution>Apply>Velocity>On Nodes Main Menu>Solution>Apply>Volume Fract>On Elements Main Menu>Solution>Apply>Volume Fract>On Lines Main Menu>Solution>Solution Opt
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Prev /STATUS Prev /STITLE S Commands
Next /STITLE Next
/STITLE
Name
/STITLE, NLINE, Title Defines subtitles. group: DATABASE:Set Up product: MP ME ST DY PR EM FL PP ED
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NLINE
Subtitle line number (1 to 4). Defaults to 1.

Title
Input up to 70 alphanumeric characters. Parameter substitution may be forced within the title by enclosing the parameter name or parametric expression within percent (%) signs. If Title is blank, this subtitle is deleted.
Notes
Subtitles (4 maximum) are displayed in the output along with the main title [/TITLE ]. Subtitles do not appear in GUI windows or in ANSYS plot displays. The first subtitle is also written to various ANSYS files along with the main title. Previous subtitles may be overwritten or deleted. Issue /STATUS to display titles. This command is valid in any processor.
Menu Paths
Prev STEF Prev STORE S Commands
Next STORE Next
STORE
Name
STORE, Lab, NPTS Stores data in the database for the defined variables. group: POST26:Set Up product: MP ME ST DY PR EM FL PP ED
Lab
Valid labels: MERGE --
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Merge data from results file for the time points in memory with the existing data using current specifications (default). NEW -Store a new set of data (replacing any previously stored data and erasing any previously calculated data) with current specifications. APPEN -Append data from results file to the existing data. ALLOC -Allocate (and zero) space for NPTS data points. PSD -Create a new set of frequency points for PSD calculations (replacing any previously stored data and erasing any previously calculated data).
NPTS
The number of time points (or frequency points) for storage (used only with Lab = ALLOC or PSD). The value may be input when using POST26 with data supplied from other than a results file. This value is automatically determined from the results file data with the NEW, APPEN, and MERGE options. For the PSD option, NPTS determines the resolution of the frequency vector (valid numbers are between 1 and 10, defaults to 5).
Command Default
Merge newly-defined variables with previously stored variables for the time points stored in memory using the current specifications. If STORE is preceded by TIMERANGE or NSTORE, the default is STORE,NEW.
Notes
This command stores data from the results file in the database for the defined variables [NSOL, ESOL, SOLU] per specification [FORCE, LAYERP26, SHELL]. See the ANSYS Basic Analysis Guide for more information. The STORE,PSD command will create a new frequency vector (variable 1) for response PSD calculations [RPSD]. This command should first be issued before defining variables [NSOL , ESOL, RFORCE ] for which response PSD's are to be calculated.
Menu Paths
Main Menu>TimeHist Postpro>Store Data
Prev
Next
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S Commands /STITLE Prev SUBOPT S Commands
Page 156 of 165 SUBOPT Next
SUBOPT
Name
SUBOPT, SUBSIZ, NPAD, NPERBK, NUMSSI, NSHIFT, Strmck, JCGITR Specifies options for subspace iteration eigenvalue extraction. group: SOLUTION:Nonlinear Options SOLUTION:Dynamic Options product: MP ME ST PR PP ED
SUBSIZ
Subspace working size. Defaults to NMODE + 4 (where NMODE is input on the the MODOPT or BUCOPT command). Minimum is 8. Maximum is NMODE +NPAD. The larger the value, the smaller the number of iterations (but more time per iteration).
NPAD
Number of extra vectors used in the iterations. Defaults to 4. The total number of vectors used is NMODE +NPAD.
NPERBK
Number of modes per memory block. If 0 (or blank), perform data management in-memory for all modes (no disk I/O). If greater than zero, use some disk I/O (slower for decreasing NPERBK values, but may be needed for large problems). The minimum nonzero value is the number of degrees of freedom per node for the model.
NUMSSI
Maximum number of subspace iterations (defaults to 100). Fewer iterations will be done if convergence occurs before the 100th iteration. Convergence occurs whenever the normalized change in the eigenvalue calculations between successive iterations for the first NMODE eigenvalues is less than 1.0E-5.
NSHIFT
Minimum number of subspace iterations completed before a shift is performed. The default is 5 and the minimum is 2. Use FREQB on the MODOPT command or SHIFT on the BUCOPT command to define the initial shift point.
Strmck
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S Commands Sturm sequence check key: ALL -Perform check at all shift points as well as at the end point (default). PART -Perform check only at all shift points. NONE -Do not perform Sturm sequence check.
JCGITR
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Number of Jacobi iterations used per subspace iteration (used only with the JCG and PCG options on the EQSLV command). Defaults to the number of degrees of freedom divided by the maximum wave front for the model. The minimum is 5.
Command Default
As described for the option defaults above.
Notes
Defines options for subspace iteration eigenvalue extraction (MODOPT,SUBSP or BUCOPT,SUBSP). Default values should be satisfactory for most solutions. See the ANSYS, Inc. Theory Reference for option details. If used in SOLUTION, this command is valid only within the first load step. This command is also valid in PREP7.
Menu Paths
Prev STORE Prev SUBSET S Commands
Next SUBSET Next
SUBSET
Name
SUBSET, Lstep, SBSTEP, FACT, KIMG, TIME, ANGLE , NSET Reads results for the selected portions file://D:\Documents%20and%20Settings\Administrator\Local%20Settings\Temp\~hh... 20.05.2004
S Commands of the model. group: POST1:Set Up product: MP ME ST DY PR EM FL PP ED
Page 158 of 165
Lstep
Load step number of the data set to be read (defaults to 1): N -Read load step N. FIRST -Read the first data set ( SBSTEP and TIME are ignored). LAST -Read the last data set (SBSTEP and TIME are ignored). NEXT -Read the next data set ( SBSTEP and TIME are ignored). If at the last data set, the first data set will be read as the next. NEAR -Read the data set nearest to TIME (SBSTEP is ignored). If TIME is blank, read the first data set. LIST -Scan the results file and list a summary of each load step. (FACT, KIMG, TIME and ANGLE are ignored.)
SBSTEP
Substep number (within Lstep). For the buckling (ANTYPE,BUCKLE) analysis or the modal (ANTYPE,MODAL) analysis, the substep corresponds to the mode number. Defaults to last substep of load step (except for ANTYPE,BUCKLE or MODAL). If Lstep = LIST, SBSTEP = 0 or 1 lists the basic step information, whereas SBSTEP = 2 also lists the load step title, and labels imaginary data sets if they exist.
FACT
Scale factor applied to data read from the file. If zero (or blank), a value of 1.0 is used. Harmonic velocities or accelerations may be calculated from the displacement results from a modal (ANTYPE,MODAL) or harmonic response (ANTYPE,HARMIC) analyses. If FACT = VELO, the harmonic velocities (v) are calculated from the displacements (d) at a particular
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frequency (f) according to the relationship v = 2 fd. Similarly, if FACT = ACEL, the harmonic accelerations (a) are calculated as a = (2 f) 2d.
KIMG
Used only with results from complex analyses: 0 -Store real part of complex solution 1 -Store imaginary part.
TIME
Time-point identifying the data set to be read. For the harmonic responses analyses, time corresponds to the frequency. For the buckling analysis, time corresponds to the load factor. Used only in the following cases: If Lstep is NEAR, read the data set nearest to TIME. If both Lstep and SBSTEP are zero (or blank), read data set at time = TIME. If TIME is between two solution time points on the results file, a linear interpolation is done between the two data sets. Solution items not written to the results file [OUTRES ] for either data set will result in a null item after data set interpolation. If TIME is beyond the last time point on the file, use the last time point.
ANGLE
Circumferential location (0.0 to 360). Defines the circumferential location for the harmonic calculations used when reading from the results file. The harmonic factor (based on the circumferential angle) is applied to the harmonic elements (PLANE25, PLANE75, PLANE78, FLUID81, PLANE83, and SHELL61) of the load case. See the ANSYS, Inc. Theory Reference for details. Note that factored values of applied constraints and loads will overwrite any values existing in the database.
NSET
Data set number of the data set to be read. If a positive value for NSET is entered, Lstep, SBSTEP, KIMG, and TIME are ignored. Available set numbers can be determined by *SET,LIST.
Notes
Reads a data set from the results file into the database for the selected portions of the model only. Data that has not been specified for retrieval from the results file by the INRES command will be listed as having a zero value. Each time that the SUBSET command is issued, the data currently in the database will be overwritten with a new set of data. Various operations may also be performed during the read operation. The database must have the model geometry available (or used the RESUME command before the SUBSET command to restore the geometry from File.DB).
Menu Paths
Main Menu>General Postproc>By Load Step
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S Commands Main Menu>General Postproc>By Set Number Main Menu>General Postproc>By Time/Freq
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Prev SUBOPT Prev SUMTYPE S Commands
Next SUMTYPE Next
SUMTYPE
Name
SUMTYPE, Label Sets the type of summation to be used in the following load case operations. group: POST1:Results product: MP ME ST DY PR EM FL PP ED
Label
Summation type COMP -Combine element component stresses only. Stresses such as average nodal stresses, principal stresses, equivalent stresses, and stress intensities are derived from the combined element component stresses. Default. PRIN -Combine principal stress, equivalent stress, and stress intensity directly as stored on the results file. Component stresses are not available with this option.
Notes
Issue SUMTYPE,PRIN when you want to have a load case operation (LCOPER) act on the principal / equivalent stresses instead of the component stresses.
Menu Paths
Main Menu>General Postproc>Load Case>Stress Options
Prev SUBSET
Next SV
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S Commands SV S Commands
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Prev
Next
SV
Name
SV, DAMP, SV1, SV2 , SV3, SV4, SV5, SV6, SV7, SV8, SV9 Defines spectrum values to be associated with frequency points. group: SOLUTION:Spectrum Options product: MP ME ST PR PP ED
DAMP
Damping ratio for this response spectrum curve. If the same as a previously defined curve, the SV values are added to the previous curve. Up to four different curves may be defined, each with a different damping ratio. Damping values must be input in ascending order.
SV1, SV2, SV3, SV4, SV5, SV6, SV7, SV8, SV9
Spectrum values corresponding to the frequency points [FREQ]. Values are interpreted as defined with the SVTYP command. Log-log interpolation is used between curves. SV values should not be zero. Values required outside the frequency range use the extreme input values.
Notes
Defines the spectrum values to be associated with the previously defined frequency points [FREQ]. Applies only to the single-point response spectrum. Damping has no effect on the frequency solution. Damping values are used only to identify SV curves for the mode combinations calculation. Only the curve with the lowest damping value is used in the initial mode coefficient calculation. Use STAT command to list current spectrum curve values. Repeat SV command for additional SV points (20 maximum per DAMP curve). SV values are added to the DAMP curve after the last nonzero SV value. This command is also valid in PREP7.
Menu Paths
Main Menu>Preprocessor>Loads>Spectrum>Spectr Values Main Menu>Solution>Spectrum>Spectr Values
Prev
Next
20.05.2004
S Commands SUMTYPE Prev SVTYP S Commands
Page 162 of 165 SVTYP Next
SVTYP
Name
SVTYP, KSV, FACT Defines the type of single-point response spectrum. group: SOLUTION:Spectrum Options product: MP ME ST PR PP ED
KSV
Response spectrum type: 0 -Seismic velocity response spectrum loading (SV values interpreted as velocities with units of length/time). 1 -Force response spectrum loading (SV values interpreted as force amplitude multipliers). 2 -Seismic acceleration response spectrum loading (SV values interpreted as accelerations with units of length/time 2). 3 -Seismic displacement response spectrum loading (SV values interpreted as displacements with units of length). 4 -PSD loading (SV values interpreted as acceleration 2 /(cycles/time), such as (in/sec2 )2 /Hz (not g 2/Hz)). (Not recommended)
FACT
Scale factor applied to spectrum values (defaults to 1.0). Values are scaled when the solution is initiated [SOLVE]. Database values remain the same.
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Command Default
Seismic velocity response spectrum.
Notes
Defines the type of single-point response spectrum [SPOPT]. The seismic excitation direction is defined with the SED command. This command is also valid in PREP7.
Menu Paths
Prev SV Prev /SYP S Commands
Next /SYP Next
/SYP
Name
/SYP, String, ARG1, ARG2, ARG3, ARG4, ARG5, ARG6, ARG7, ARG8 Passes a command string and arguments to the operating system. group: SESSION:Run Controls product: MP ME ST DY PR EM FL PP ED
String
Command string (cannot include commas). Any text prefaced by an exclamation mark (!) is treated as a comment. See also the /SYS command.
ARG1, ARG2, ARG3, ARG4, ARG5, ARG6, ARG7, ARG8
Arguments to be appended to the command string, separated by blanks, commas, or other delimiter characters (see the ANSYS Operations Guide). The arguments may be numbers, parameters, or parametric expressions.
Notes
S Commands
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Passes a command string to the operating system for execution, along with arguments to be appended to the command string. See the ANSYS Operations Guide for details. ANSYS may not be aware of your specific user environment. In particular, this command may not recognize UNIX aliases, depending on the hardware platform and user environment. This command is valid in any processor.
Menu Paths
Prev SVTYP Prev /SYS S Commands
Next /SYS Next
/SYS
Name
/SYS, String Passes a command string to the operating system. group: SESSION:Run Controls product: MP ME ST DY PR EM EH FL PP
String
Command string, up to 75 characters (including blanks, commas, etc.). The specified string is passed verbatim to the operating system, i.e., no parameter substitution is performed. Any text prefaced by an exclamation mark (!) is treated as a comment.
Notes
Passes a command string to the operating system for execution (see the ANSYS Operations Guide). Typical strings are system commands such as list, copy, rename, etc. Control returns to the ANSYS program after the system procedure is completed. ANSYS may not be aware of your specific user environment. In particular, this command may not recognize UNIX aliases, depending on the hardware platform and user environment. This command is valid in any processor.
Menu Paths
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S Commands
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Prev /SYP
Next T Commands
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T Commands T Commands ANSYS Commands Reference
Page 1 of 104
Prev
Next
T Commands
Table of Contents TALLOW TB TBCOPY TBDATA TBDELE TBLE TBLIST TBMODIF TBPLOT TBPT TBTEMP TCHG TEE /TEE TERM THOPT TIFF TIME TIMERANGE TIMINT TIMP TINTP /TITLE /TLABEL TOCOMP TODEF TOEXE TOFFST TOFREQ TOGRAPH TOLIST TOLOOP *TOPER TOPLOT TOPRINT TORQ2D TORQC2D TORQSUM TORUS TOSTAT TOTAL TOTYPE TOVAR
20.05.2004
T Commands TRANS TRANSFER *TREAD TREF /TRIAD /TRLCY TRNOPT TRPDEL TRPLIS TRPOIN TRTIME TSHAP /TSPEC TSRES TUNIF TVAR /TXTRE /TYPE TYPE TZAMESH TZDELE TZEGEN
Page 2 of 104
Prev /SYS Prev TALLOW T Commands
Next TALLOW Next
TALLOW
Name
TALLOW, TEMP1, TEMP2, TEMP3, TEMP4, TEMP5, TEMP6 Defines the temperature table for safety factor calculations. group: POST1:Element Table product: MP ME ST DY PR PP ED
TEMP1, TEMP2, TEMP3, TEMP4, TEMP5, TEMP6
Input up to six temperatures covering the range of nodal temperatures. Temperatures must be input in ascending order.
Notes
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Defines the temperature table for safety factor calculations [SFACT, SALLOW]. Use STAT command to list current temperature table. Repeat TALLOW command to zero table and redefine points (6 maximum). Safety factor calculations are not supported by PowerGraphics. Both the SALLOW and TALLOW commands must be used with the Full Model Graphics display method active.
Menu Paths
Main Menu>General Postproc>Safety Factor>Reset Temps Main Menu>General Postproc>Safety Factor>Temp-depend
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TB
Name
TB, Lab, MAT, NTEMP, NPTS, TBOPT, EOSOPT Activates a data table for nonlinear material properties or special element input. group: PREP7:Data Tables product: MP ME ST DY PR EM EH PP ED
Lab
Type of data table: BKIN-Bilinear kinematic hardening using von Mises or Hill plasticity (For von Mises plasticity: LINK1, PLANE2, LINK8, PIPE20, BEAM23, BEAM24, PLANE42, SHELL43, SOLID45, SHELL51, PIPE60, SOLID62, SOLID65, PLANE82, SHELL91, SOLID92, SHELL93, SOLID95, SHELL143, LINK180, SHELL181, PLANE182, PLANE183, SOLID185, SOLID186, SOLID187, BEAM188, BEAM189, and explicit dynamic elements LINK160, BEAM161, PLANE162, SHELL163, and SOLID164. For Hill plasticity: PLANE42, SOLID45, PLANE82, SOLID92, SOLID95, LINK180, SHELL181, PLANE182, PLANE183, SOLID185, SOLID186, SOLID187, BEAM188, and BEAM189.). See BKIN Specifications for more information. KINH-Multilinear kinematic hardening using von Mises or Hill plasticity (For von Mises file://D:\Documents%20and%20Settings\Administrator\Local%20Settings\Temp\~hh... 20.05.2004
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plasticity: LINK1, PLANE2, LINK8, PIPE20, BEAM23, PLANE42, SHELL43, SOLID45, SHELL51, PIPE60, SOLID62, PLANE82, SOLID92, SHELL93, SOLID95, SHELL143, LINK180, SHELL181, PLANE182, PLANE183, SOLID185, SOLID186, SOLID187, BEAM188 and BEAM189. For Hill plasticity: PLANE42, SOLID45, PLANE82, SOLID92, SOLID95, LINK180, SHELL181, PLANE182, PLANE183, SOLID185, SOLID186, SOLID187, BEAM188, and BEAM189.). KINH is the same as MKIN with TBOPT = 2, but with less restrictions on the number of points per curve and the number of temperatures. See KINH Specifications for more information. MKIN-Multilinear kinematic hardening using von Mises or Hill plasticity (For von Mises plasticity: LINK1, PLANE2, LINK8, PIPE20, BEAM23, BEAM24, PLANE42, SHELL43, SOLID45, SHELL51, PIPE60, SOLID62, SOLID65, PLANE82, SHELL91, SOLID92, SHELL93, SOLID95, SHELL143, LINK180, SHELL181, PLANE182, PLANE183, SOLID185, SOLID186, SOLID187, BEAM188, and BEAM189. For Hill plasticity: PLANE42, SOLID45, PLANE82, SOLID92, SOLID95, LINK180, SHELL181, PLANE182, PLANE183, SOLID185, SOLID186, SOLID187, BEAM188, and BEAM189.). See MKIN Specifications for more information. CHABOCHE-Chaboche nonlinear kinematic hardening using von Mises or Hill plasticity (PLANE42, SOLID45, PLANE82, SOLID92, SOLID95, LINK180, SHELL181, PLANE182, PLANE183, SOLID185, SOLID186, SOLID187, BEAM188, and BEAM189). See CHABOCHE Specifications for more information. MISO-Multilinear isotropic hardening using von Mises or Hill plasticity (For von Mises plasticity: LINK1, PLANE2, LINK8, PIPE20, BEAM23, BEAM24, PLANE42, SHELL43, SOLID45, SHELL51, PIPE60, SOLID62, SOLID65, PLANE82, SHELL91, SOLID92, SHELL93, SOLID95, SHELL143, LINK180, SHELL181, PLANE182, PLANE183, SOLID185, SOLID186, SOLID187, BEAM188, and BEAM189. For Hill plasticity: PLANE42, SOLID45, PLANE82, SOLID92, SOLID95, LINK180, SHELL181, PLANE182, PLANE183, SOLID185, SOLID186, SOLID187, BEAM188, and BEAM189.). See MISO Specifications for more information. BISO-Bilinear isotropic hardening using von Mises or Hill plasticity (For von Mises plasticity: LINK1, PLANE2, LINK8, PIPE20, BEAM23, BEAM24, PLANE42, SHELL43, SOLID45, SHELL51, PIPE60, SOLID62, SOLID65, PLANE82, SHELL91, SOLID92, SHELL93, SOLID95, SHELL143, LINK180, SHELL181, PLANE182, PLANE183, SOLID185, SOLID186, SOLID187, BEAM188, BEAM189, and explicit dynamic elements PLANE162, SHELL163 and SOLID164. For Hill plasticity: PLANE42, SOLID45, PLANE82, SOLID92, SOLID95, LINK180, SHELL181, PLANE182, PLANE183, SOLID185, SOLID186, SOLID187, BEAM188, and BEAM189.). See BISO Specifications for more information. NLISO-Voce isotropic hardening law for modeling nonlinear isotropic hardening using von Mises or Hill plasticity. (PLANE42, SOLID45, PLANE82, SOLID92, SOLID95,
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LINK180, SHELL181, PLANE182, PLANE183, SOLID185, SOLID186, SOLID187, BEAM 188, and BEAM189). See NLISO Specifications for more information. HILL-Hill anisotropy when combined with other material options simulates plasticity, viscoplasticity, and creep -- all with the Hill potential. See Material Model Combinations in the ANSYS Elements Reference for further information on combining models (PLANE42, SOLID45, PLANE82, SOLID92, SOLID95, LINK180, SHELL181, PLANE182, PLANE183, SOLID185, SOLID186, SOLID187, BEAM 188, and BEAM189). See HILL Specifications for more information. ANISO-Anisotropic plasticity (LINK1, PLANE2, LINK8, PIPE20, BEAM23, BEAM24, PLANE42, SHELL43, SOLID45, SHELL51, PIPE60, SOLID62, SOLID65, PLANE82, SHELL91, SOLID92, SHELL93, SOLID95, and SHELL143). See ANISO Specifications for more information. DP-Drucker-Prager plasticity (LINK1, PLANE2, LINK8, PIPE20, BEAM23, BEAM24, PLANE42, SHELL43, SOLID45, SHELL51, PIPE60, SOLID62, SOLID65, PLANE82, SHELL91, SOLID92, SHELL93, SOLID95, and SHELL143). See DP Specifications for more information. MELAS-Multilinear elasticity (LINK1, PLANE2, LINK8, PIPE20, BEAM23, BEAM24, PLANE42, SHELL43, SOLID45, SHELL51, PIPE60, SOLID62, SOLID65, PLANE82, SHELL91, SOLID92, SHELL93, SOLID95, and SHELL143). See MELAS Specifications for more information. USER-User-defined material model; general purpose except for incompressible material models (LINK180, SHELL181, PLANE182, PLANE183, SOLID185, SOLID186, SOLID187, BEAM188, and BEAM189). Also, user-defined plasticity or viscoplasticity (LINK1, PLANE2, LINK8, PIPE20, BEAM23, BEAM24, PLANE42, SHELL43, SOLID45, SHELL51, PIPE60, SOLID62, SOLID65, PLANE82, SHELL91, SOLID92, SHELL93, SOLID95, and SHELL143). See USER Specifications for more information. ANAND-Anand plasticity (VISCO106, VISCO107, VISCO108). See ANAND Specifications for more information. RATE-Rate-dependent plasticity (viscoplasticity) when combined with the BISO, MISO, or NLISO material options, or rate-dependent anisotropic plasticity (anisotropic viscoplasticity) when combined with the HILL and BISO, MISO, or NLISO material options. See Material Model Combinations in the ANSYS Elements Reference for further information on combining models (PLANE42, SOLID45, PLANE82, SOLID92, file://D:\Documents%20and%20Settings\Administrator\Local%20Settings\Temp\~hh... 20.05.2004
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SOLID95, LINK180, SHELL181, PLANE182, PLANE183, SOLID185, SOLID186, SOLID187, BEAM188, and BEAM189). See RATE Specifications for more information. CREEP -Viscoplasticity/creep. ANSYS can model pure creep, creep with isotropic hardening plasticity, or creep with kinematic hardening plasticity using both von Mises or Hill potentials. See Material Model Combinations in the ANSYS Elements Reference for further information on combining models (For explicit creep with von Mises potential: LINK1, PLANE2, LINK8, PIPE20, BEAM23, BEAM24, PLANE42, SHELL43, SOLID45, SHELL51, PIPE60, SOLID62, SOLID65, PLANE82, SOLID92, SOLID95, and SHELL143. For implicit creep with von Mises or Hill potential: PLANE42, SOLID45, PLANE82, SOLID92, SOLID95, LINK180, SHELL181, PLANE182, PLANE183, SOLID185, SOLID186, SOLID187, BEAM188, and BEAM189). See CREEP Specifications for more information. STATE -User-defined state variables, used with TB,USER or TB,CREEP [when the USER CREEP option is chosen ( TBOPT = 100)]. See STATE Specifications for more information. SWELL-Swelling constants (LINK1, PLANE2, LINK8, PIPE20, BEAM23, BEAM24, PLANE42, SHELL43, SOLID45, SHELL51, PIPE60, SOLID62, SOLID65, PLANE82, SOLID92, SOLID95, and SHELL143). See SWELL Specifications for more information. BH-Magnetic field data (SOLID5, PLANE13, PLANE53, SOLID62, SOLID96, SOLID98). See BH Specifications for more information. PIEZ-Piezoelectric matrix (SOLID5, PLANE13, SOLID98). See PIEZ Specifications for more information. FAIL -Composite material failure data (SOLID46, SHELL91, SOLID95, SHELL99, SOLID191). See FAIL Specifications for more information. HYPER-Hyperelasticity models [Mooney-Rivlin, Ogden, Neo-Hookean, Polynomial form, Arruda-Boyce, and user-defined] (SHELL181, PLANE182, PLANE183, SOLID185, SOLID186, and SOLID187). See HYPER Specifications for more information. MOONEY--
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Mooney-Rivlin hyperelastic element data (HYPER56, HYPER58, HYPER74, HYPER84, HYPER86, HYPER158, and explicit dynamic elements PLANE162, SHELL163 and SOLID164). See MOONEY Specifications for more information. WATER-Water motion table data (PIPE59). See WATER Specifications for more information. ANEL-Anisotropic elastic matrix (SOLID5, PLANE13, SOLID64, SOLID98, SHELL181, PLANE182, PLANE183, SOLID185, SOLID186, SOLID187, and explicit dynamic elements PLANE162 and SOLID164). See ANEL Specifications for more information. CONCR-Concrete element data (SOLID65) or concrete damage model (explicit dynamic element SOLID164). See CONCR Specifications for more information. GCAP-Geological Cap material model (explicit dynamic element SOLID164). See GCAP Specifications for more information. HFLM-Film coefficient data (FLUID116). See HFLM Specifications for more information. FCON-Fluid conductance data (FLUID116). See FCON Specifications for more information. EVISC-Viscoelastic element data (VISCO88, VISCO89, and explicit dynamic elements BEAM161, PLANE162, and SOLID164). See EVISC Specifications for more information. PLAW-Plasticity laws (explicit dynamic elements LINK160, BEAM161, PLANE162, SHELL163, and SOLID164). See PLAW Specifications for more information. FOAM-Foam material models (explicit dynamic elements PLANE162 and SOLID164). See FOAM Specifications for more information. HONEY-Honeycomb material models (explicit dynamic elements PLANE162 and SOLID164). See HONEY Specifications for more information.
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Composite material models (explicit dynamic elements PLANE162, SHELL163 and SOLID164). See COMP Specifications for more information. NL-User-defined data table. See NL Specifications for more information. EOS-Equation of state (explicit dynamic elements only). See EOS Specifications for more information. DISCRETE -Explicit springdamper (discrete) material models (COMBI165). See DISCRETE Specifications for more information.
MAT
Material reference number (defaults to 1; maximum equals 100,000).

NTEMP
The number of temperatures for which data will be provided (if applicable). Temperatures are specified on the TBTEMP command.
NPTS
For most labels where NPTS is defined, it is the number of data points to be specified for a given temperature. Data points are defined with the TBDATA or TBPT commands.
EOSOPT
Indicates which equation of state model will be used. Used only for explicit dynamics, and only when Lab = EOS. 1-Linear polynomial equation of state 2-Gruneisen equation of state 3-Tabulated equation of state
Data Table Specifications

Presented below is a listing of all the labels for the TB command that include specific requirements
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for the NTEMP, NPTS, and TBOPT options, along with links to references where more information can be found, such as required constants, for the particular label.
BKIN Specifications
NTEMP:
Number of temperatures for which data will be provided. Default = 6, Maximum = 6

NPTS:
Not used.
TBOPT:
Stress-strain options (not used in an explicit dynamics analysis). 0-No stress relaxation with temperature increase (this is not recommended for nonisothermal problems). 1-Rice's hardening rule, which takes into account stress relaxation with increasing temperature (default). References: Bilinear Kinematic Hardening in the ANSYS Elements Reference. Plastic Material Options in the ANSYS Structural Analysis Guide. Plasticity Models in the ANSYS/LS-DYNA User's Guide.
MKIN Specifications
NTEMP:

NPTS:
Not used.
TBOPT:
Stress-strain options. 0-No stress relaxation with temperature increase (this is not recommended for nonisothermal problems); also produces thermal ratcheting (default). 1-file://D:\Documents%20and%20Settings\Administrator\Local%20Settings\Temp\~hh... 20.05.2004
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Recalculate total plastic strain using new weight factors of the subvolume. 2-Scale layer plastic strains to keep total plastic strain constant; agrees with Rice's model (TB, BKIN with TBOPT = 1). Produces stable stress-strain cycles. References: Multilinear Kinematic Hardening in the ANSYS Elements Reference. Plastic Material Options in the ANSYS Structural Analysis Guide.
KINH Specifications
NTEMP:

NPTS:
Number of data points to be specified for a given temperature. Default = 20, Maximum = 20
TBOPT:
Not used. References: Multilinear Kinematic Hardening in the ANSYS Elements Reference. Plastic Material Options in the ANSYS Structural Analysis Guide.
CHABOCHE Specifications
NTEMP:
Number of temperatures for which data will be provided. Default = 1, Maximum value of NTEMP is such that NTEMP x (1 + 2NPTS) = 1000
NPTS:
Number of kinematic models to be superposed. Default = 1, Maximum value of NPTS is such that NTEMP x (1 + 2NPTS) = 1000
TBOPT:
Not used. References: Nonlinear Kinematic Hardening in the ANSYS Elements Reference.
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MISO Specifications
NTEMP:

NPTS:
TBOPT:
Not used. References: Multilinear Isotropic Hardening in the ANSYS Elements Reference. Plastic Material Options in the ANSYS Structural Analysis Guide.
BISO Specifications
NTEMP:

NPTS:
Not used.
TBOPT:
Not used. References: Bilinear Isotropic Hardening in the ANSYS Elements Reference. Plastic Material Options in the ANSYS Structural Analysis Guide. Plasticity Models in the ANSYS/LS-DYNA User's Guide.
NLISO Specifications
NTEMP:

NPTS:
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TBOPT:
Not used. References: Nonlinear Isotropic Hardening in the ANSYS Elements Reference. Plastic Material Options in the ANSYS Structural Analysis Guide.
HILL Specifications
NTEMP:

NPTS:
Not used.
TBOPT:
Not used. References: Hill's Anisotropy in the ANSYS Elements Reference. Plastic Material Options in the ANSYS Structural Analysis Guide.
ANISO Specifications
NTEMP:
Not used.
NPTS:
Not used.
TBOPT:
Not used. References: Anisotropic in the ANSYS Elements Reference. Plastic Material Options in the ANSYS Structural Analysis Guide.
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DP Specifications
NTEMP:
Not used.
NPTS:
Not used.
TBOPT:
Not used. References: Drucker-Prager in the ANSYS Elements Reference. Plastic Material Options in the ANSYS Structural Analysis Guide.
MELAS Specifications
NTEMP:

NPTS:
TBOPT:
Not used. References: Multilinear Elastic in the ANSYS Elements Reference. Multilinear Elasticity in the ANSYS Structural Analysis Guide.
USER Specifications
NTEMP:
Number of temperatures for which data will be provided. Default = 1, Maximum value of NTEMP is such that NTEMP x NPTS = 1000
NPTS:
Number of data points to be specified for a given temperature. Default = 48, Maximum value of NPTS is such that NTEMP x NPTS = 1000
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Not used. References: User in the ANSYS Elements Reference. User Defined Material in the ANSYS Structural Analysis Guide.
ANAND Specifications
NTEMP:
Not used.
NPTS:
Not used.
TBOPT:
Not used. References: Anand's Model in the ANSYS Elements Reference. Viscoplasticity in the ANSYS Structural Analysis Guide.
RATE Specifications
NTEMP:
NPTS:
Number of data points to be specified for a given temperature. Default = 2, Maximum value of NPTS is such that NTEMP x NPTS = 1000
TBOPT:
Rate-dependent viscoplasticity options. PERZYNA-Perzyna model (default). PEIRCE-Peirce model.
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Rate-Dependent Plastic (Viscoplastic) Materials in the ANSYS Elements Reference. Viscoplasticity in the ANSYS Structural Analysis Guide.
CREEP Specifications
NTEMP:
Number of temperatures for which data will be provided. Default = 1, Maximum value of NTEMP is such that NTEMP x NPTS = 1000 for implicit creep and 250 for explicit creep.
NPTS:
Number of data points to be specified for a given temperature. Default = 12 for implicit creep and 72 for explicit creep, Maximum value of NPTS is such that NTEMP x NPTS = 1000 for implicit creep and 250 for explicit creep.
TBOPT:
Creep model options. 0-(or Blank) Explicit creep option. Creep model is defined by constants C 6, C12 , and C66 , through TBDATA. See Primary Explicit Creep Equation for C6 Equals 0 through Irradiation Induced Explicit Creep Equation for C66 Equals 5 in the ANSYS Elements Reference for the associated equations. (Applicable to LINK1, PLANE2, LINK8, PIPE20, BEAM23, BEAM24, PLANE42, SHELL43, SOLID45, SHELL51, PIPE60, SOLID62, SOLID65, PLANE82, SOLID92, SOLID95). C6 = 100 defines the USER CREEP option for explicit creep. You must define the creep law using the subroutine USERCR.F. See the ANSYS Guide to User Programmable Features for more information. 1 through 12 -Implicit creep option. See Implicit Creep Equations in the ANSYS Elements Reference for a list of available equations. Use TBTEMP and TBDATA to define temperaturedependent constants. (Applicable to PLANE42, SOLID45, PLANE82, SOLID92, SOLID95, LINK180 , SHELL181, PLANE182, PLANE183, SOLID185, SOLID186 , SOLID187 , BEAM188, and BEAM189). 100-USER CREEP option for implicit creep. Use in conjunction with TB,STATE for defining the number of state variables. You must define the creep law using the subroutine USERCREEP.F. See the ANSYS Guide to User Programmable Features for more information. Use TBTEMP and TBDATA to define temperature-dependent constants. References: Creep Equations in the ANSYS Elements Reference.
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STATE Specifications
NTEMP:
Not used.
NPTS:
Number of state variables. Maximum = 1000

TBOPT:
Not used. References: User and Implicit Creep Equations in the ANSYS Elements Reference. User Defined Material and Implicit Creep Procedure in the ANSYS Structural Analysis Guide.
SWELL Specifications
NTEMP:
Not used.
NPTS:
Not used.
TBOPT:
Not used. References: Swelling Equations in the ANSYS Elements Reference. Swelling in the ANSYS Structural Analysis Guide.
BH Specifications
NTEMP:
Not used.
NPTS:
Number of data points to be specified. Default = 20, Maximum = 100
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TBOPT:
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Not used. References: Magnetic Materials in the ANSYS Elements Reference. Additional Guidelines for Defining Regional Material Properties and Real Constants in the ANSYS Electromagnetic Field Analysis Guide.
PIEZ Specifications
NTEMP:
Not used.
NPTS:
Not used.
TBOPT:
Piezoelectric matrix options. 0-Piezoelectric stress matrix [e] (used as supplied) 1-Piezoelectric strain matrix [d] (converted to [e] form before use) References: Piezoelectric Materials in the ANSYS Elements Reference. Piezoelectric Analysis in the ANSYS Coupled-Field Analysis Guide.
FAIL Specifications
NTEMP:

NPTS:
Not used.
TBOPT:
Not used.
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T Commands References: Failure Criteria in the ANSYS Elements Reference. Specifying Failure Criteria in the ANSYS Structural Analysis Guide.
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HYPER Specifications
NTEMP:
NPTS:
Number of data points to be specified for a given temperature, except for TBOPT = MOONEY, where NPTS is the number of parameters in the Mooney-Rivlin model (2 [default], 3, 5, or 9).
TBOPT:
Hyperelastic material options. MOONEY-Mooney-Rivlin model (default), applicable to elements SHELL181, PLANE182, PLANE183, SOLID185, SOLID186, and SOLID187. You can choose a 2 parameter Mooney-Rivlin model with NPTS = 2 (default), or a 3, 5, or 9 parameter model by setting NPTS equal to one of these values. References: Mooney-Rivlin Hyperelastic Material (TB,HYPER) in the ANSYS Elements Reference. Mooney-Rivlin Hyperelastic Option in the ANSYS Structural Analysis Guide. OGDEN-Ogden model. For NPTS, the default = 1 and the maximum is such that NTEMP x NPTS = 1000. References: Ogden Hyperelastic Material Constants in the ANSYS Elements Reference. Ogden Hyperelastic Option in the ANSYS Structural Analysis Guide. NEO-Neo-Hookean model. For NPTS, the default = 2 and the maximum = 2. References: Neo-Hookean Hyperelastic Material in the ANSYS Elements Reference.
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Neo-Hookean Hyperelastic Option in the ANSYS Structural Analysis Guide. POLY-Polynomial form model. For NPTS, the default = 1 and the maximum is such that NTEMP x NPTS = 1000. References: Polynomial Form Hyperelastic Material Constants in the ANSYS Elements Reference. Polynomial Form Hyperelastic Option in the ANSYS Structural Analysis Guide. BOYCE-Arruda-Boyce model. For NPTS, the default = 3 and the maximum = 3. References: Arruda-Boyce Hyperelastic Material Constants in the ANSYS Elements Reference. Arruda-Boyce Hyperelastic Option in the ANSYS Structural Analysis Guide. USER-User-defined hyperelastic model. See the ANSYS Guide to User Programmable Features for details. References: User-Defined Hyperelastic Material in the ANSYS Elements Reference. User-Defined Hyperelastic Option in the ANSYS Structural Analysis Guide.
MOONEY Specifications
NTEMP:
Number of temperatures for which data will be provided. Default = 6, Maximum = 6 ( NTEMP is not used for explicit dynamic elements)
NPTS:
Not used.
TBOPT:
Mooney-Rivlin material option, applicable to elements HYPER56, HYPER58, HYPER74, HYPER84, HYPER86, HYPER158, SHELL181, and explicit dynamic elements PLANE162, SHELL163 and SOLID164. 0-Direct input of hyperelastic material constants (default). file://D:\Documents%20and%20Settings\Administrator\Local%20Settings\Temp\~hh... 20.05.2004
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Material constants to be determined from experimental data (for use with the *MOONEY command). This option is not valid for explicit dynamic elements. 2-Material constants to be calculated by the LS-DYNA program from experimental data. This option is only valid for explicit dynamic elements. References: Mooney-Rivlin Hyperelastic Material Constants (TB,MOONEY) in the ANSYS Elements Reference. Mooney-Rivlin Hyperelastic Option in the ANSYS Structural Analysis Guide. Nonlinear Elastic Models in the ANSYS/LS-DYNA User's Guide.
WATER Specifications
NTEMP:
Not used.
NPTS:
Not used.
TBOPT:
Not used. References: PIPE59 in the ANSYS Elements Reference.
ANEL Specifications
NTEMP:

NPTS:
Not used.
TBOPT:
Anisotropic elastic matrix options. 0 -Elasticity matrix used as supplied (input in stiffness form). file://D:\Documents%20and%20Settings\Administrator\Local%20Settings\Temp\~hh... 20.05.2004
T Commands 1-Elasticity matrix inverted before use (input in flexibility form). References: Anisotropic Elastic Materials in the ANSYS Elements Reference. Linear Elastic Models in the ANSYS/LS-DYNA User's Guide.
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CONCR Specifications
NTEMP:
Number of temperatures for which data will be provided (used only if TBOPT = 0 or 1). Default = 6, Maximum = 6
NPTS:
Not used.
TBOPT:
Concrete material options. 0 or 1-General ANSYS concrete option for element SOLID65. 2-Concrete damage model for explicit dynamic element SOLID164. References: SOLID65 in the ANSYS Elements Reference. Concrete Damage Model in the ANSYS/LS-DYNA User's Guide.
GCAP Specifications
NTEMP:
Not used.
NPTS:
Not used.
TBOPT:
Not used.
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HFLM Specifications
NTEMP:

NPTS:
TBOPT:
Not used. References: FLUID116 in the ANSYS Elements Reference.
FCON Specifications
NTEMP:

NPTS:
TBOPT:
Not used. References: FLUID116 in the ANSYS Elements Reference.
EVISC Specifications
NTEMP:
Not used.
NPTS:
Not used.
TBOPT:
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T Commands Not used. References: Viscoelastic Material Constants in the ANSYS Elements Reference. Nonlinear Elastic Models in the ANSYS/LS-DYNA User's Guide.
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PLAW Specifications
NTEMP:
Not used.
NPTS:
Not used.
TBOPT:
Plasticity options for explicit dynamics elements (no default - must specify). 1-Isotropic/kinematic hardening model. 2-Strain rate dependent plasticity model used for metal and plastic forming analyses. 3-Anisotropic plasticity model (Barlat and Lian). 4-Strain rate dependent plasticity model used for superplastic forming analyses. 5-Strain rate dependent isotropic plasticity model used for metal and plastic forming analyses. 6-Anisotropic plasticity model (Barlat, Lege, and Brem) used for forming processes. 7-Fully iterative anisotropic plasticity model for explicit shell elements only. 8-Piecewise linear plasticity model for explicit elements only. file://D:\Documents%20and%20Settings\Administrator\Local%20Settings\Temp\~hh... 20.05.2004
T Commands 9-Elastic-plastic hydrodynamic model for explicit elements only. 10--
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Transversely Anisotropic FLD (flow limit diagram) model for explicit elements only. References: Plasticity Models in the ANSYS/LS-DYNA User's Guide. Pressure Dependent Plasticity Models in the ANSYS/LS-DYNA User's Guide.
FOAM Specifications
NTEMP:
Not used.
NPTS:
Not used.
TBOPT:
Foam material options for explicit dynamics elements (no default - must specify). 1-Rigid, closed cell, low density polyurethane foam material model. 2-Highly compressible urethane foam material model. 3-Energy absorbing foam material model. 4-Crushable foam material model. References: Foam Models in the ANSYS/LS-DYNA User's Guide.
HONEY Specifications
NTEMP:
Not used.
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NPTS:
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Not used.
TBOPT:
Not used. References: Foam Models in the ANSYS/LS-DYNA User's Guide.
COMP Specifications
NTEMP:
Not used.
NPTS:
Not used.
TBOPT:
Not used. References: Composite Damage Model in the ANSYS/LS-DYNA User's Guide.
NL Specifications
NTEMP:
Not used.
NPTS:
Not used.
TBOPT:
Not used.
EOS Specifications
NTEMP:
Not used.
NPTS:
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T Commands Not used.

TBOPT:
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Equation of state (explicit dynamics elements only - no default, must specify). 1-Johnson-Cook material model - for strain, strain rate, and temperature dependent impact/forming analyses. 2-Null material model - for allowing equation of state to be considered without computing deviatoric stresses. 3-Zerilli-Armstrong material model - for metal forming processes in which the stress depends on strain, strain rate, and temperature. 4-Bamman material model - for metal forming processes with strain rate and temperature dependent plasticity. Does not require an additional equation of state (EOSOPT is not used). 5-Steinberg material model - for modeling high strain rate effects in solid elements with failure. References: Equation of State Models in the ANSYS/LS-DYNA User's Guide.
DISCRETE Specifications
NTEMP:
Not used.
NPTS:
Not used.
TBOPT:
Explicit spring-damper (discrete) material options. 0 -Linear elastic spring (translational or rotational elastic spring) (default) 1-file://D:\Documents%20and%20Settings\Administrator\Local%20Settings\Temp\~hh... 20.05.2004
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Elastoplastic spring (elastoplastic translational or rotational spring with isotropic hardening) 3-Nonlinear elastic spring (nonlinear elastic translational or rotational spring with arbitrary force/displacement resp. moment/rotation dependency) 4-Nonlinear viscous damper (nonlinear damping with arbitrary force/velocity resp. moment/rotational velocity dependency) 5-General nonlinear spring (general nonlinear translational or rotational spring with arbitrary loading and unloading definitions) 6-Maxwell viscoelastic spring (Maxwell viscoelastic translational or rotational spring) 7-Inelastic tension or compression-only spring (inelastic tension or compression only, translational or rotational spring) References: Spring-Damper (Discrete) Models in the ANSYS/LS-DYNA User's Guide.
Notes
TB activates a data table to be used with subsequent TBDATA or TBPT commands. The table space is initialized to zero values. Data from this table are used for certain nonlinear material descriptions as well as for special input for some elements. See Data Tables - Implicit Analysis in the ANSYS Elements Reference for a description of table types (Lab) or the elements that require the table for special data. See Material Models in the ANSYS/LS-DYNA User's Guide for a description of data table input required for explicit dynamic materials. See the MP command for linear material property input. The type of data table specified remains active until the TB command is reissued. More than one type of data table may be defined for each material (e.g., MISO and CREEP), except that only one type of plasticity/elasticity may be used for each material. This command is also valid in SOLUTION.
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Lab
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= BH is allowed in ANSYS only with the Emag. Only Lab = FAIL is allowed in ANSYS/Professional. Only Lab = BH is allowed in ANSYS/Emag. Lab = COMP is not allowed in ANSYS/ED.
Menu Paths
&zmenupath_TB;
Prev TALLOW Prev TBCOPY T Commands
Next TBCOPY Next
TBCOPY
Name
TBCOPY, Lab, MATF, MATT Copies a data table from one material to another (see Notes section below). group: PREP7:Data Tables product: MP ME ST DY PR EM PP ED
Lab
Data table label (see the TB command for valid labels, and see the Notes section below for Lab = ALL).
MATF
Material reference number where data table is to be copied from.

MATT
Material reference number where data table is to be copied to.
Notes
The TBCOPY command, with Lab = ALL, copies all of the nonlinear data defined by the TB command. If you copy a model that includes both yield behavior constants and linear constants (for example, a BKIN model), TBCOPY, ALL and MPCOPY are used together to copy the entire model. All input data associated with the model is copied, that is, all data defined through the TB and MP commands.
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Also, if you copy a material model using the Material Model Interface (Edit > Copy), both the commands TBCOPY, ALL and MPCOPY are issued, regardless of whether the model includes linear constants only, or if it includes a combination of linear and yield behavior constants. This command is also valid in SOLUTION.
Menu Paths
Prev TB Prev TBDATA T Commands
Next TBDATA Next
TBDATA
Name
TBDATA, STLOC, C1, C2, C3, C4, C5, C6 Defines data for the data table. group: PREP7:Data Tables product: MP ME ST DY PR EM PP ED
STLOC
Starting location in table for entering data. For example, if STLOC = 1, data input in the C1 field applies to the first table constant, C2 applies to the second table constant, etc. If STLOC=5, data input in the C1 field applies to the fifth table constant, etc. Defaults to the last location filled + 1. The last location is reset to 1 with each TB or TBTEMP command.
C1, C2, C3, C4, C5, C6
Data values assigned to six locations starting with STLOC. If a value is already in this location, it is redefined. A blank value leaves the existing value unchanged.
Notes
Defines data for the table specified on the last TB command at the temperature specified on the last TBTEMP command (if applicable). The type of data table specified in the last TB command determines the number of data values needed in TBDATA. See Data Tables - Implicit Analysis of the ANSYS Elements Reference for the number of data values required for different material behavior file://D:\Documents%20and%20Settings\Administrator\Local%20Settings\Temp\~hh... 20.05.2004
T Commands options. This command is also valid in SOLUTION.
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Menu Paths
Prev TBCOPY Prev TBDELE T Commands
Next TBDELE Next
TBDELE
Name
TBDELE, Lab, MAT1, MAT2, INC Deletes previously defined data tables. group: PREP7:Data Tables product: MP ME ST DY PR EM PP ED
Lab
Data table label (see the TB command for valid labels). If ALL, delete all data tables.
MAT1, MAT2, INC
Delete tables for materials MAT1 to ( MAT2 defaults to MAT1) in steps of INC (defaults to 1). If MAT1= ALL, ignore MAT2 and INC and delete data tables for all materials.
Notes
Menu Paths
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Prev TBDATA Prev TBLE T Commands
Next TBLE Next
TBLE
Name
TBLE Specifies "Data table properties" as the subsequent status topic. group: PREP7:Status product: MP ME ST DY PR EM FL PP ED
Notes
Menu Paths
Utility Menu>List>Status>Preprocessor>Data Tables
Prev TBDELE Prev TBLIST T Commands
Next TBLIST Next
TBLIST
Name
TBLIST, Lab, MAT Lists the data tables. group: PREP7:Data Tables product: MP ME ST DY PR EM PP ED
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Lab
Data table label (see the TB command for labels). Defaults to the active table. If ALL, list data for all labels.
MAT
Material number to be listed (defaults to the active material). If ALL, list data tables for all materials.
Notes
This command is a utility command, valid anywhere.
Menu Paths
Utility Menu>List>Properties>Data Tables
Prev TBLE Prev TBMODIF T Commands
Next TBMODIF Next
TBMODIF
Name
TBMODIF, ROW, COL, VALUE Modifies data for the data table (GUI). group: PREP7:Data Tables product: MP ME ST DY PR EM PP ED
ROW, COL
The row and column numbers of the table entry to be modified.

VALUE
The new value to be used in the ROW, COL location.
Notes
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Modifies data for the table specified on the last TB command. For temperature-dependent data, the temperature specified on the last TBTEMP command is used. This is a command generated by the Graphical User Interface (GUI). It will appear in the log file ( Jobname.LOG) if a TB data table is graphically edited in spreadsheet fashion. This command is not intended to be typed in directly in an ANSYS session (although it can be included in an input file for batch input or for use with the /INPUT command). This command is also valid in SOLUTION.
Menu Paths
Prev TBLIST Prev TBPLOT T Commands
Next TBPLOT Next
TBPLOT
Name
TBPLOT, Lab, MAT Displays the data table. group: PREP7:Data Tables product: MP ME ST DY PR EM PP ED
Lab
Data table label. Valid labels are: MKIN, KINH, MELAS, MISO, BKIN, BISO, and BH. Defaults to the active table label. For B-H data, also valid are: NB to display NU-B2 , MH to display MU vs. H, and SBH, SNB, SMH to display the slopes of the corresponding data.
MAT
Material number to be displayed (defaults to the active material).
Notes
Only data for stress-strain and B-H curves may be displayed.
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Menu Paths
Utility Menu>Plot>Data Tables
Prev TBMODIF Prev TBPT T Commands
Next TBPT Next
TBPT
Name
TBPT, Oper, X, Y Defines a point on a stress-strain or B-H curve. group: PREP7:Data Tables product: MP ME ST PR EM PP ED
Oper
Operation to perform: DEFI -Defines a new data point (default). The point is inserted into the table in ascending order of X. If a point already exists with the same X value, it is replaced. DELE -Deletes an existing point. The X value must match the X value of the point to be deleted (Y is ignored).
X
The X value of the point (strain or H ).

Y
The corresponding Y value of the point (stress or B ).
Notes
Defines a point on a stress-strain curve or a B-H curve (depending on the TB command) at the
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temperature specified on the last TBTEMP command. Valid only for TB command labels MISO, MELAS, KINH, and BH. This command is also valid in SOLUTION.
Menu Paths
Prev TBPLOT Prev TBTEMP T Commands
Next TBTEMP Next
TBTEMP
Name
TBTEMP, TEMP, KMOD Defines a temperature for the data table. group: PREP7:Data Tables product: MP ME ST DY PR PP ED
TEMP
Temperature value (defaults to 0.0 if KMOD is blank).

KMOD
If blank, TEMP defines a new temperature. If an integer, 1 to NTEMP (from the TB command), modify that previously defined temperature to the TEMP value, unless TEMP is blank, then that previously defined temperature is reactivated. Use TBLIST to list temperatures and data. The next TBDATA or TBPT commands also add or change the data at this temperature. If KMOD = CRIT (and TEMP is blank), the next TBDATA values are failure criteria keys as described for SOLID46, SHELL91, SHELL99, and SOLID191. If KMOD = STRAIN (and TEMP is blank), the next TBDATA values are strains as described for the MKIN property option (see Data Tables - Implicit Analysis of the ANSYS Elements Reference).
Notes
Defines a temperature to be associated with the data on the subsequent TBPT or TBDATA
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commands. The temperature remains active until the next TBTEMP command is input. Data values must be defined with the temperatures in ascending order. Temperatures previously associated with a data table may also be modified. This command is also valid in SOLUTION.
Menu Paths
Prev TBPT Prev TCHG T Commands
Next TCHG Next
TCHG
Name
TCHG, ELEM1, ELEM2, ETYPE2 Converts 20-node degenerate tetrahedral elements to their 10node non-degenerate counterparts. group: PREP7:Meshing product: MP ME ST DY PR EM FL PP ED
ELEM1
Name (or the number) of the 20-node tetrahedron element that you want to convert. This argument is required.
ELEM2
Name (or the number) of the 10-node tetrahedron element to which you want to convert the ELEM elements. This argument is required.
ETYPE2
Element TYPE reference number for ELEM2. If ETYPE2 is 0 or is not specified, ANSYS chooses the element TYPE reference number for ELEM2. See the Notes section for details. This argument is optional.
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Notes
The TCHG command allows you to specify conversion of any 20-node brick to any 10-node tetrahedron. (However, not all combinations make sense.) The TCHG command is useful when used in with the MOPT,PYRA command. Twenty-node pyramid shaped elements may be used in the same volume with 10-node tetrahedra. Performing a conversion is likely to create circumstances in which more than one element type is defined for a single volume. If specified, ETYPE2 will usually be the same as the local element TYPE number (ET,ITYPE) that was assigned to ELEM2 with the ET command. You can specify a unique number for ETYPE2 if you prefer. Although ETYPE2 is optional, it may be useful when two or more ITYPEs have been assigned to the same element (for example, if two SOLID92 elements have been established in the element attribute tables for the current model, use the ETYPE2 argument to distinguish between them). If ETYPE2 is non-zero and it has not already been assigned to an element via ET, ANSYS assigns the ETYPE2 value to ELEM2 as its element TYPE reference number. If ETYPE2 is 0 or is not specified, ANSYS determines the element TYPE reference number for ELEM2 in one of these ways:
?
If ETYPE2 is 0 or is not specified, and ELEM2 does not appear in the element attribute tables, ANSYS uses the next available (unused) location in the element attribute tables to determine the element TYPE reference number for ELEM2. If ETYPE2 is 0 or is not specified, and ELEM2 appears in the element attribute tables, ANSYS uses ELEM2 's existing element TYPE reference number for ETYPE2 . (If there is more than one occurrence of ELEM2 in the element attribute tables (each with its own TYPE reference number), ANSYS uses the first ELEM2 reference number for ETYPE2 .)
See Meshing Your Solid Model of the ANSYS Modeling and Meshing Guide for detailed information about converting degenerate tetrahedral elements.
Menu Paths
Main Menu>Preprocessor>Modify Mesh>Change Tets
Prev TBTEMP Prev TEE T Commands
Next TEE Next
TEE
Name
TEE, NCENT, TYPE, ELEM, EINC, L1, L2, L3 Defines a tee in a piping run. file://D:\Documents%20and%20Settings\Administrator\Local%20Settings\Temp\~hh... 20.05.2004
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NCENT
Node where three straight pipes intersect forming a tee (or "Y"). Defaults to last starting branch node [BRANCH].
TYPE
Type of tee: WT -Welding tee (default). UFT -Unreinforced fabricated tee.

ELEM
Element number to be assigned to first tee leg (defaults to the previous maximum element number (MAXEL) + 1).
EINC

L1, L2, L3
Tee leg lengths (corresponding in order of increasing straight pipe element numbers). Must be less than the straight pipe length. Defaults to 2 x OD of straight pipe (for each leg).
Notes
Defines a tee in place of the tee intersection of three previously defined straight pipe elements. See the PREP7 RUN command. The new tee is also composed of three PIPE16 straight pipe elements, but of the leg lengths specified and with the appropriate tee factors calculated. Three new nodes are generated at the ends of the tee. The original three straight pipes are automatically "shortened" to meet the ends of the tee. The tee specifications and loadings are taken from the corresponding three straight pipes.
Menu Paths
Main Menu>Preprocessor>Create>Piping Models>Pipe Tee
Prev
Next
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/TEE
Name
/TEE, Label, Fname, Ext, Dir Writes a list of commands to a specified file at the same time that the commands are being executed. group: APDL:Macro Files product: MP ME ST DY PR EM FL PP ED
Label
Indicates how ANSYS is to interpret this /TEE command: NEW -Signals the beginning of the command text that is to be written to Fname. If Fname already exists, specifying NEW causes the contents of Fname to be overwritten. APPEND -Indicates that you want to append to Fname the command text that follows. END -Signals the end of the command text that is to be written to or appended to Fname.
Fname

Ext
Filename extension (8 character maximum). If you plan to execute the file as if it were an ANSYS command, use the extension .mac.
Dir
Notes
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You can use the /TEE command to record a macro to a specified file at the same time that the macro is being executed. It is similar to the UNIX tee command. For more information about the /TEE command, see the ANSYS APDL Programmer's Guide. The following example illustrates the use of the /TEE command. If you issue these commands:
/tee,new,myfile,mac et,1,42,0,0,1 ex,1,3e7 /tee,end /tee,append,myfile,mac n,1,8 n,5,11 fill ngen,5,5,1,5,1,0,1 /tee,end
the content of myfile.mac is:

et,1,42,0,0,1 ex,1,3e7 n,1,8 n,5,11 fill ngen,5,5,1,5,1,0,1
This command is valid in any processor, but only during an interactive run.
Menu Paths
Prev TEE Prev TERM T Commands
Next TERM Next
TERM
Name
TERM, Kywrd, Opt1, Opt2, Opt3 Specifies various terminal driver options. group: DISPLAY:Driver Options product: MP ME ST DY PR EM FL PP ED
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NCOPY
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Activate hard copy device for NCOPY (0,1,2, etc.) copies. If Kywrd = LOOP, command format is TERM,LOOP, NLOOP,PAUSE. Used only with PLOT ,ALL.
NLOOP
Loop NLOOP times back to beginning of file when end of file is reached.
PAUSE
Pause PAUSE seconds between plots. If Kywrd = NOPROM, command format is TERM,NOPROM, KEY.
KEY
Prompt key: 0 -Display prompt line for prompt. 1 -Use terminal bell for prompt.
Notes
Used only with terminal driver names on /SHOWDISP command. This command is also valid in PREP7.
Menu Paths
Prev /TEE Prev THOPT T Commands
Next THOPT Next
THOPT
Name
T Commands
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THOPT, Refopt, REFORMTOL, NTABPOINTS, TEMPMIN, TEMPMAX Nonlinear transient thermal solution option. group: SOLUTION:Analysis Options product: MP ME PR PP ED
Refopt
Matrix reform option. FULL -Use the full Newton-Raphson solution option (default). QUASI -Use a selective reform solution option based on REFORMTOL. LINEAR -Use a linear solution option with no matrix reform.
REFORMTOL
Property change tolerance for Matrix Reformation (.05 default). The thermal matrices are reformed if the maximum material property change in an element (from the previous reform time) is greater than the reform tolerance.
NTABPOINTS
Number of points in Fast Material Table (64 default).

TEMPMIN
Minimum temperature for Fast Material Table. Defaults to the minimum temperature defined by the MPTEMP command for any material property defined.
TEMPMAX
Maximum temperature for Fast Material Table. Defaults to the maximum temperature defined by the MPTEMP command for any material property defined.
Notes
This solution logic is only supported by the ICCG and the JCG solvers (EQSLV command). You must issue the THOPT command before the EQSLV command to use the QUASI option. ANTYPE,,RESTART is not supported by THOPT,QUASI and THOPT, LINEAR options.
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Menu Paths
Prev TERM Prev TIFF T Commands
Next TIFF Next
TIFF
Name
TIFF, Kywrd, OPT Provides TIFF file Export for ANSYS Displays. group: GRAPHICS: Set Up product: MP ME ST DY PR EM FL PP ED
Kywrd
Specifies various TIFF file export options. COMP -If Kywrd = COMP, then OPT controls data compression for the output file. If COMP = 0, then compression is off. If COMP = 1 (default), then compression is on. ORIENT -If Kywrd = ORIENT, then OPT will determne the orientation of the entire plot. OPT can be either Horizontal (default) or Vertical. COLOR -If Kywrd = COLOR, then OPT will determne the color attribute of the saved file. OPT can be 0, 1, or 2, corresponding to Black and White, Grayscale, and Color (default), respectively. TMOD -If Kywrd = TMOD, then OPT will determine the text method. OPT can be either 1 or 0, corresponding to bitmap text (default) or line stroke text, respectively.
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If Kywrd = DEFAULT, then all of the default values, for all of the Kywrd parameters listed above, are active.
OPT OPT
1 or 0 -If Kywrd = COMP, a value or 1 (on) or 0 (off) will control compression for the TIFF file. Horizontal, Vertical -If Kywrd = ORIENT, the terms Horizontal or Vertical determine the orientation of the plot. 0, 1, 2 -If Kywrd = COLOR, the numbers 0,1,and 2 correspond to Black and White , Grayscale and Color, respectively. 1, 0 -If Kywrd = TMOD, the values 1 and 0 determine whether bitmap (1) or stroke text (0) fonts will be used
Menu Paths
Utility Menu>PlotCtrls>HardCopy>ToFile Utility Menu>PlotCtrls>HardCopy>ToFile
Prev THOPT Prev TIME T Commands
Next TIME Next
TIME
Name
TIME, TIME Sets the time for a load step. group: SOLUTION:Load Step Options product: MP ME ST DY PR EM PP ED
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TIME
Time at the end of the load step.
Command Default
Previous TIME + 1.0 (at each load step), i.e., also corresponds to the load step number.
Notes
Associates the boundary conditions at the end of the load step with a particular TIME value. TIME must be a positive, nonzero, monotonically increasing quantity that "tracks" the input history. Typically, for the first load step TIME defaults to 1. However, for the first load step of a reduced transient analysis (ANTYPE,TRANS and TRNOPT,REDUC) or mode superposition transient analysis (ANTYPE,TRANS and TRNOPT,MSUP), the TIME command is ignored and a static solution is performed at TIME = 0. TIME is not used for the modal (ANTYPE,MODAL), harmonic response (ANTYPE,HARMIC), or substructure (ANTYPE,SUBSTR) analyses. Units of time should be consistent with those used elsewhere (for properties, creep equations, etc.). This command is also valid in PREP7.
Menu Paths
Prev TIFF Prev TIMERANGE T Commands
Next TIMERANGE Next
TIMERANGE
Name
TIMERANGE, TMIN, TMAX Specifies the time range for which data are to be stored. group: POST26:Set Up product: MP ME ST DY PR EM FL PP ED
TMIN
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TMAX
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Maximum time (defaults to last time (or frequency) point on the file).
Command Default
Include all time (or frequency) points in the range.
Notes
Defines the time (or frequency) range for which data are to be read from the file and stored in memory. Use the NSTORE command to define the time increment.
Menu Paths
Prev TIME Prev TIMINT T Commands
Next TIMINT Next
TIMINT
Name
TIMINT, Key, Lab Turns on transient effects. group: SOLUTION:Dynamic Options product: MP ME ST PR EM PP ED
Key
Transient effects key: OFF -No transient effects (static or steady-state). ON -Include transient (mass or inertia) effects.
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Lab
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Degree of freedom label: ALL -Apply this key to all appropriate labels (default). STRUC -Apply this key to structural DOFs. THERM -Apply this key to thermal DOFs. ELECT -Apply this key to electric DOFs. MAG -Apply this key to magnetic DOFs. FLUID -Apply this key to fluid DOFs.
Command Default
Include transient effects (ON) if ANTYPE,TRANS, exclude transient effects (OFF) if ANTYPE,STATIC.
Notes
Indicates whether this load step in a full transient analysis should use time integration, that is, whether it includes transient effects (e.g. structural inertia, thermal capacitance) or whether it is a static (steady-state) load step for the indicated DOFs. Transient initial conditions are introduced at the load step having Key = ON. Initial conditions are then determined from the previous two substeps. Zero initial velocity and acceleration are assumed if no previous substeps exist. See the ANSYS Structural Analysis Guide, the ANSYS Thermal Analysis Guide, and the ANSYS Electromagnetic Field Analysis Guide for details. This command is also valid in PREP7.
Menu Paths
Main Menu>Preprocessor>Loads>Time/Frequenc>Time Integration Main Menu>Solution>Sol'n Controls Main Menu>Solution>Time/Frequenc>Time Integration
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T Commands Prev TIMERANGE Prev TIMP T Commands
Page 48 of 104 Next TIMP Next
TIMP
Name
TIMP, ELEM, CHGBND, IMPLEVEL Improves the quality of tetrahedral elements that are not associated with a volume. group: PREP7:Meshing product: MP ME ST DY PR EM FL PP ED
ELEM
Identifies the tetrahedral elements to be improved. Valid values are ALL and P. If ELEM = ALL (default), improve all selected tetrahedral elements. If ELEM = P, graphical picking is enabled and all remaining command fields are ignored (valid only in the GUI).
CHGBND
Specifies whether to allow boundary modification. Boundary modification includes such things as changes in the connectivity of the element faces on the boundary and the addition of boundary nodes. (Also see the Notes section below for important usage information for CHGBND.) 0 -Do not allow boundary modification. 1 -Allow boundary modification (default).
IMPLEVEL
Identifies the level of improvement to be performed on the elements. (Improvement occurs primarily through the use of face swapping and node smoothing techniques.) 0 -Perform the least amount of swapping/smoothing. 1 -Perform an intermediate amount of swapping/smoothing.
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Perform the greatest amount of swapping/smoothing, plus additional improvement techniques (default).
Notes
The TIMP command enables you to improve a given tetrahedral mesh by reducing the number of poorly-shaped tetrahedral elements (in particular, the number of sliver tetrahedral elements)--as well as the overall number of elements--in the mesh. It also improves the overall quality of the mesh. TIMP is particularly useful for an imported tetrahedral mesh for which no geometry information is attached. Regardless of the value of the CHGBND argument, boundary midnodes can be moved as long as you are not using p-method analysis. When CHGBND = 0 and you are using p-method analysis, boundary midnodes cannot be moved. (ANSYS issues an error message if it would be necessary to move boundary midnodes in order to generate valid quadratic elements.) When loads or constraints have been placed on boundary nodes or midnodes, and boundary midnodes are later moved, ANSYS issues a warning message to let you know that it will not update the loads or constraints. No boundary modification is performed if shell or beam elements are present in the mesh, even when CHGBND = 1.
Menu Paths
Main Menu>Preprocessor>Modify Mesh>Improve Tets>Detached Elems
Prev TIMINT Prev TINTP T Commands
Next TINTP Next
TINTP
Name
TINTP, GAMMA, ALPHA, DELTA, THETA, OSLM, TOL, --, --, AVSMOOTH Defines transient integration parameters. group: SOLUTION:Dynamic Options
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GAMMA
Amplitude decay factor for 2nd order transient integration, e.g., structural dynamics (used only if ALPHA and DELTA are blank). Defaults to 0.005.
ALPHA
2nd order transient integration parameter (used only if GAMMA is blank). Defaults to 0.2525.
DELTA
2nd order transient integration parameter (used only if GAMMA is blank). Defaults to 0.5050.
THETA
1st order transient (e.g., thermal transient) integration parameter. Defaults to 1.0.
OSLM
Specifies the oscillation limit criterion for automatic time stepping of 1st order transients (e.g., thermal transients). Defaults to 0.5 with a tolerance of TOL.
TOL
Tolerance applied to OSLM. Defaults to 0.0.

--, --
Unused fields.
AVSMOOTH
Smooth flag option: 0 -Include smoothing of initial velocity (1st order system) or initial acceleration (2nd order system) (default). 1 -Do not include smoothing.
Notes
Used to define the transient integration parameters. In a transient piezoelectric analysis, required input for this command is ALPHA = 0.25, DELTA = 0.5, and THETA = 0.5. For a coupled electromagnetic-circuit transient analysis, use THETA = 1.0, the default value, to specify the backward Euler method. For more information on transient integration parameters, refer to the ANSYS, file://D:\Documents%20and%20Settings\Administrator\Local%20Settings\Temp\~hh... 20.05.2004
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The default values given for this command assume SOLCONTROL,ON (the default). See the description of SOLCONTROL for a complete listing of the defaults set by SOLCONTROL,ON and SOLCONTROL,OFF. This command is also valid in PREP7.
Menu Paths
Main Menu>Preprocessor>Loads>Time/Frequenc>Time Integration Main Menu>Solution>Sol'n Controls Main Menu>Solution>Time/Frequenc>Time Integration
Prev TIMP Prev /TITLE T Commands
Next /TITLE Next
/TITLE
Name
/TITLE, Title Defines a main title. group: DATABASE:Set Up product: MP ME ST DY PR EM FL PP ED
Title
Input up to 72 alphanumeric characters. Parameter substitution may be forced within the title by enclosing the parameter name or parametric expression within percent (%) signs.
Notes
The title is carried through the printout and written on various files. The title written to a file is the title defined at that time. Special characters may be used within the title text. Subtitles may also be defined [/STITLE]. This command is valid in any processor.
Menu Paths
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Prev TINTP Prev /TLABEL T Commands
Next /TLABEL Next
/TLABEL
Name
/TLABEL, XLOC, YLOC, Text Creates annotation text (GUI). group: GRAPHICS:Annotation product: MP ME ST DY PR EM FL PP ED
XLOC
Text X starting location (-1.0 < X < 1.6).

YLOC
Text Y starting location (-1.0 < Y < 1.0).

Text
Text string (60 characters maximum). Parameter substitution may be forced within the text by enclosing the parameter name or parametric expression within percent (%) signs.
Notes
Defines annotation text to be written directly onto the display at a specified location. This is a command generated by the Graphical User Interface (GUI) and will appear in the log file (Jobname.LOG) if annotation is used. This command is not intended to be typed in directly in an ANSYS session (although it can be included in an input file for batch input or for use with the /INPUT command). All text is shown on subsequent displays unless the annotation is turned off or deleted. Use the /TSPEC command to set the attributes of the text. This command is valid in any processor.
Menu Paths
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T Commands Utility Menu>PlotCtrls>Annotation>Create Annotation
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Prev /TITLE Prev TOCOMP T Commands
Next TOCOMP Next
TOCOMP
Name
TOCOMP, Refname, Type, NUMLC, LCARR Defines single or multiple compliance as the topological optimization function. group: OPTIMIZATION:Specifications product: MP ME ST PR ED
Refname
Reference name (8 character string). TOCOMP,Refname with the other fields blank deletes the defined compliance function.
Type
Sets the type of compliance function. Valid types are: SINGLE -Sets the topological optimization function for Refname to single compliance. NumLC is the load case number. MULTIPLE -Sets the topological optimization function to weighted summation of individual compliances. NumLC is the number of load cases considered
NUMLC
For Type = Single, NumLC is the load case identifier. For Type = Multiple, NumLC is the total number of load cases considered.
LCARR
Used when Type = Multiple. The array (of dimension NumLC) defining the load case weights. Array name must be enclosed in % signs: %WEIGHT%.
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Notes
The function defined using TOCOMP is used as an objective or constraint for the topological optimization, as defined further in TOVAR. When used as the objective, the optimization distributes the material so that the compliance measure is minimized (stiffness is maximized).
Menu Paths
Main Menu>Topological Opt>Advanced Opt>Topo Function Main Menu>Topological Opt>Basic Opt
Prev /TLABEL Prev TODEF T Commands
Next TODEF Next
TODEF
Name
TODEF, ACCUR Defines parameters for and initializes topological optimization. group: OPTIMIZATION:Specifications product: MP ME ST PR ED
ACCUR
Accuracy used for termination and convergence checking. Default = 0.0005.
Notes
Initializes the topological optimization problem and defines the accuracy for the solution. Issue this command before TOLOOP.
Menu Paths
Main Menu>Topological Opt>Run
Prev TOCOMP TOEXE
Next TOEXE
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TOEXE
Name
TOEXE Executes one topological optimization iteration. group: OPTIMIZATION:Run product: MP ME ST PR ED
Notes
Runs one topological optimization iteration, leading to the prediction of a new shape, defined by means of element densities. Before issuing TOEXE, you must perform a static or modal analysis solution depending on the type of objective and constraints you defined. TOEXE performs a convergence test based on relative objective and element density change with an accuracy as specified by TODEF.
Menu Paths
Prev TODEF Prev TOFFST T Commands
Next TOFFST Next
TOFFST
Name
TOFFST, VALUE Specifies the temperature offset from absolute zero to zero. group: SOLUTION:Analysis Options product: MP ME ST PR FL PP ED
VALUE
Degrees between absolute zero and zero of temperature system used (should be positive).
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Notes
Specifies the difference (in degrees) between absolute zero and the zero of the temperature system used. Absolute temperature values are required in evaluating certain expressions, such as for creep, swelling, radiation heat transfer, MASS71, etc. (The offset temperature is not used in evaluating emissivity.) Examples are 460 for the Fahrenheit system and 273 for the Centigrade system. The offset temperature is internally included in the element calculations and does not affect the temperature input or output. If used in SOLUTION, this command is valid only within the first load step. This command is also valid in PREP7.
Menu Paths
Main Menu>Preprocessor>FLOTRAN Set Up>Flow Environment>Ref Conditions Main Menu>Solution>FLOTRAN Set Up>Flow Environment>Ref Conditions Main Menu>Preprocessor>Loads>Other>Change Mat Props>Temperature Units Main Menu>Preprocessor>Loads>Solution Opt Main Menu>Preprocessor>Loads>Analysis Options Main Menu>Preprocessor>Material Props>Temperature Units Main Menu>Radiation Opt>Solution Opt Main Menu>Solution>Other>Change Mat Props>Temperature Units Main Menu>Solution>Solution Opt Main Menu>Solution>Analysis Options
Prev TOEXE Prev TOFREQ T Commands
Next TOFREQ Next
TOFREQ
Name
TOFREQ, Refname, Type, Nfreq, Frqarr, Targval Defines single or mean frequency formulation as the topological optimization function. group: OPTIMIZATION:Specifications product: MP ME ST PR ED
Refname
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Reference name (8 character string). TOFREQ,Refname with other fields blank deletes the defined compliance function.
Type
Defines type of frequency topological optimization function. Valid types are: SINGLE -Defines single frequency as the topological optimization function. WEIGHTED -Defines a weighted summation of individual frequencies as the topological optimization function. RECIPROCAL -Uses a reciprocal formulation as the topological optimization function. EUCLIDEAN -Uses a Euclidean Norm formulation as the topological optimization function.
Nfreq
For Type = Single, Nfreq is the frequency identifier. For Type = WEIGHTED, RECIPROCAL, or EUCLIDEAN, Nfreq is the total number of frequencies considered.
Frqarr
For Type = WEIGHTED or RECIPROCAL, Frqarr is the array of dimension Nfreq that defines the weights for mean frequency formulation. For Type = EUCLIDEAN, Frqarr is the array (of dimension Nfreq) defining the target values for mean frequency formulation. The array name must be enclosed in % signs: %ARRAY%.
Targval
For Type = RECIPROCAL, Targval specifies the target value for mean frequency formulation. Type SINGLE WEIGHTED RECIPROCAL EUCLIDEAN Nfreq Frqarr Targval Frequency identifier N/A N/A Total number of frequencies Defines weights N/A Total number of frequencies Defines weights Target value Total number of frequencies Defines target values N/A
Notes
Single, when the frequency function is set as the objective (TOVAR), distributes material so that the single frequency specified is maximized.
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Weighted (available only as an objective function) distributes material so that the specified mean frequency formulation is maximized. Reciprocal (available only as an objective function) is a mean frequency formulation that defines a smoother function than Single. It is best used when two modes whose eigenfrequencies occur in the given mean formulation exchange their orders during optimization. The eigenfrequency that is closest to the target frequency (set with Targval) experiences the largest increase and is maximized. Euclidean Norm Formulation (available only as an objective function) is used to shift single or multiple eigenfrequencies up. The mean eigenfrequency is utilized to smooth the optimization process. This must be used as the objective where the optimization procedure distributes material so that the mean frequency is minimized. If the optimization problem does not converge, try specifying a different type of frequency formulation. Each formulation uses different methods to calculate the frequency optimization, so depending on your specific problem, one might work better than another. See the ANSYS, Inc. Theory Reference for more information on these formulations.
Menu Paths
Main Menu>Topological Opt>Advanced Opt>Topo Function
Prev TOFFST Prev TOGRAPH T Commands
Next TOGRAPH Next
TOGRAPH
Name
TOGRAPH, Type, Refname Plots iteration solution of topological optimization. group: OPTIMIZATION:Display product: MP ME ST PR ED
Type
OBJ -Plot objective history versus iteration number. CON -Plot constraint history versus iteration number.
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Refname
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Used if multiple constraints were defined. Defaults to the first constraint name.
Notes
Plots all iterations of the topological optimization solution, using either objective or constraint history.
Menu Paths
Main Menu>Topological Opt>Graph History
Prev TOFREQ Prev TOLIST T Commands
Next TOLIST Next
TOLIST
Name
TOLIST Lists all topological optimization functions currently defined. group: OPTIMIZATION:Display product: MP ME ST PR ED
Notes
Provides a list of all defined topological functions, in the order they were defined.
Menu Paths
Main Menu>Topological Opt>Advanced Opt>List Functions
Prev TOGRAPH Prev TOLOOP T Commands
Next TOLOOP Next
TOLOOP
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Name
TOLOOP, NITER, PLOT Execute several topological optimization iterations. group: OPTIMIZATION:Run product: MP ME ST PR ED
NITER
Number of iterations to be performed (maximum of 100). Default is 1.

PLOT
Sets display of topological densities for each iteration: 0 -Do not display the results of each iteration. 1 -Display the results of each iteration.
Command Default
TOLOOP,1,0.
Notes
Invokes a macro to solve, postprocess, and plot each iteration. For compliance cases, you must write at least one load step (using LSWRITE) before issuing this command. LSSOLVE is used for static analyses if there are multiple load steps. The Block Lanzcos eigensolver is used for modal analyses. PLNSOL,TOPO and TOEXE are used for each iteration. The macro terminates when either the number of iterations or the convergence criteria is met, as specified in TODEF,ACCUR.
Menu Paths
Prev TOLIST Prev *TOPER T Commands
Next *TOPER Next
*TOPER
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Name
*TOPER, ParR, Par1, Oper, Par2, FACT1, FACT2, CON1 Operates on table parameters. product: MP ME ST DY PR EM FL PP ED group: APDL:Array Parameters
ParR
Name of the resulting table parameter. The command will create a table array parameter with this name. Any existing parameter with this name will be overwritten.
Par1
Name of the first table parameter.

Oper
The operation to be performed: ADD. The operation is: ParR(i,j,k) = FACT1*Par1(i,j,k) + FACT2 *Par2(i,j,k) +CON1
Par2
Name of the second table parameter.

FACT1
The first table parameter multiplying constant. Defaults to 1.

FACT2
The second table parameter multiplying constant. Defaults to 1.

CON1
The constant increment for offset. Defaults to 0.
Notes
*TOPER operates on table parameters according to: ParR(i,j,k) = FACT1*Par1(i,j,k) + FACT2 *Par2(i,j,k) +CON1 Par1 and Par2 must have the same dimensions and the same variable names corresponding to those dimensions. Par1 and Par2 must also have identical index values for rows, columns, etc. This command is valid in any processor.
Menu Paths
T Commands Utility Menu>Parameters>Array Operations>Table Operations
Page 62 of 104
Prev TOLOOP Prev TOPLOT T Commands
Next TOPLOT Next
TOPLOT
Name
TOPLOT, AVRG Plot current topological density distribution. group: OPTIMIZATION:Display product: MP ME ST PR ED
AVRG
Sets TOPLOT to show smoothed nodal solution or non-smoothed element solution. 0 -Plot smoothed nodal solution. Default. 1 -Plot non-smoothed element solution.
Notes
Invokes a macro to postprocess the current element pseudo densities for topological optimization. TOPLOT,0 uses PLNSOL,TOPO, and TOPLOT,1 uses PLESOL ,TOPO to plot the current density distribution predicted by the topological optimization.
Menu Paths
Main Menu>Topological Opt>Plot Dens Unavg Main Menu>Topological Opt>Plot Densities
Prev *TOPER Prev TOPRINT T Commands
Next TOPRINT Next
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TOPRINT
Name
TOPRINT, Type, Refname Print iteration solution history of topological optimization. group: OPTIMIZATION:Display product: MP ME ST PR ED
Type
OBJ -Print objective history versus iteration number. CON -Print constraint history versus iteration number.
Refname
Used if multiple constraints were defined. Defaults to the first constraint name.
Notes
Prints one iteration of the topological optimization solution, using either objective or constraint history.
Menu Paths
Main Menu>Topological Opt>Print History
Prev TOPLOT Prev TORQ2D T Commands
Next TORQ2D Next
TORQ2D
Name
T Commands TORQ2D Calculates torque on a body in a magnetic field. group: POST1:Magnetics Calculations product: MP ME ST EM PP ED
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Notes
TORQ2D invokes an ANSYS macro which calculates mechanical torque on a body in a magnetic field. The body must be completely surrounded by air (symmetry permitted), and a closed path [PATH] passing through the air elements surrounding the body must be available. A counterclockwise ordering of nodes on the PPATH command will give the correct sign on the torque result. The macro is valid for two-dimensional planar analysis. The calculated torque is stored in the parameter TORQUE. A node plot showing the path is produced in interactive mode. The torque is calculated using a Maxwell stress tensor approach. Path operations are used for the calculation, and all path items are cleared upon completion. See the TORQC2D command for torque calculation based on a circular path.
Menu Paths
Main Menu>General Postproc>Elec&Mag Calc>Torque
Prev TOPRINT Prev TORQC2D T Commands
Next TORQC2D Next
TORQC2D
Name
TORQC2D, RAD, NUMN, LCSYS Calculates torque on a body in a magnetic field based on a circular path. group: POST1:Magnetics Calculations product: MP ME ST EM PP ED
RAD
Radius of the circular path. The nodes for the path are created at this radius.
NUMN
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Number of nodes to be created for the circular path. The greater the number of nodes, the higher the accuracy of the torque evaluation. Defaults to 18.
LCSYS
(Optional) Local coordinate system number to be used for defining the circular arc of nodes and the path. Defaults to 99. (If a local system numbered 99 already exists, it will be overwritten by this default.)
Notes
TORQC2D invokes an ANSYS macro which calculates the mechanical torque on a body using a circular path. It is used for a circular or cylindrical body such as a rotor in an electric machine. The body must be centered about the global origin and must be surrounded by air elements. The air elements surrounding the path at radius RAD must be selected, and elements with a high-permeability material should be unselected prior to using the macro. The macro is valid for two -dimensional planar analyses only. For a harmonic analysis, the macro calculates the time-average torque. Radial symmetry models are allowed, i.e., the model need not be a full 360 model. The calculated torque is stored in the parameter TORQUE. If the model is not a full 360 model, TORQUE should be multiplied by the appropriate factor (such as 4.0 for a 90 sector) to obtain the total torque. A node plot showing the path is produced in interactive mode. The torque is calculated via a circular path integral of the Maxwell stress tensor. The circular path and the nodes for the path are created by the macro at the specified radius RAD. Path operations are used for the calculation, and all path items are cleared upon completion. See the TORQ2D command for torque calculation based on an arbitrary, non-circular path.
Menu Paths
Main Menu>General Postproc>Elec&Mag Calc>Circular Torq
Prev TORQ2D Prev TORQSUM T Commands
Next TORQSUM Next
TORQSUM
Name
TORQSUM, Cnam1, Cnam2, Cnam3, Cnam4, Cnam5, Cnam6, Cnam7, Cnam8, Cnam9 Summarizes electromagnetic torque calculations on element components. group: POST1:Magnetics Calculations product: MP ME ST EM PP ED
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Names of existing element components for which Maxwell or virtual work boundary conditions were applied in the preprocessor. Must be enclosed in single quotes (e.g., 'CNAM1') when the command typed in the command input box.
Notes
TORQSUM invokes an ANSYS macro that summarizes the Maxwell and virtual work torque values. The element components must have had appropriate Maxwell or virtual work boundary conditions established in the preprocessor prior to solution in order to retrieve torques (see the FMAGBC command). The torque values are stored on a per-element basis for the adjacent air layer elements surrounding the components and are retrieved and summed by the macro. For a harmonic analysis, the calculated torque represents a time-average value. TORQSUM is valid only for two-dimensional planar analysis.
Menu Paths
Main Menu>General Postproc>Elec&Mag Calc>Torque
Prev TORQC2D Prev TORUS T Commands
Next TORUS Next
TORUS
Name
TORUS, RAD1, RAD2, RAD3, THETA1, THETA2 Creates a toroidal volume. group: PREP7:Primitives product: MP ME ST DY PR EM EH FL PP ED
RAD1, RAD2, RAD3
Three values that define the radii of the torus. You can specify the radii in any order. The smallest of the values is the inner minor radius, the intermediate value is the outer minor radius, and the largest value is the major radius. (There is one exception regarding the order of the radii values--if you want to create a solid torus, specify zero or blank for the inner minor radius, in which case the zero or blank must occupy either the RAD1 or RAD2 position.) At least
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two of the values that you specify must be positive values; they will be used to define the outer minor radius and the major radius. See the diagram in the Notes section for a view of a toroidal sector showing all radii.
THETA1, THETA2
Starting and ending angles (either order) of the torus. Used for creating a toroidal sector. The sector begins at the algebraically smaller angle, extends in a positive angular direction, and ends at the larger angle. The starting angle defaults to 0 and the ending angle defaults to 360.
Notes
Defines a toroidal volume centered about the working plane origin. A solid torus of 360 will be defined with four areas, each area spanning 180 around the major and minor circumference. To create the toroidal sector shown below, the command TORUS,5,1,2,0,180 was issued. Since "1" was the smallest radii value specified, it defined the inner minor radius; since "2" was the intermediate radii value specified, it defined the outer minor radius; and since "5" was the largest radii value specified, it defined the major radius. The values "0" and "180" defined the starting and ending angles of the torus.
Menu Paths
Main Menu>Preprocessor>Create>Torus
Prev TORQSUM TOSTAT file://D:\Documents%20and%20Settings\Administrator\Local%20Settings\Temp\~hh...
Next TOSTAT
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TOSTAT
Name
TOSTAT Displays topological optimization status and results information. group: OPTIMIZATION:Display product: MP ME ST PR ED
Notes
Displays information for defined functions from TOVAR, TODEF, and TOTYPE, and results information such as final volume, number of iterations, and convergence status.
Menu Paths
Main Menu>Topological Opt>Advanced Opt>Status Main Menu>Topological Opt>Status
Prev TORUS Prev TOTAL T Commands
Next TOTAL Next
TOTAL
Name
TOTAL, NTOT, NRMDF Specifies automatic MDOF generation. group: SOLUTION:Master DOF product: MP ME ST PR PP ED
NTOT
Total number of master degrees of freedom to be used in the analysis, including specified (NS, see below) master degrees of freedom. NTOT must be greater than NS if any automatic generation is to be done.
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NRMDF
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Rotational masters key: 0 -Include all degrees of freedom in automatic master selection. 1 -Exclude rotational degrees of freedom (and VOLT degrees of freedom in a piezoelectric analysis) from automatic selection.
Command Default
Do not use any automatically generated MDOF.
Notes
Specifies automatic master degree of freedom (MDOF) generation. The limit on the number of MDOF is equal to the maximum in-memory wavefront size (see the ANSYS Basic Analysis Guide). If NS is defined as the number of master degrees of freedom specified with the M or MGEN command, NTOT-NS additional master degrees of freedom will be automatically generated during the solution phase if TOTAL is used. NS may be zero, i.e., all master degrees or freedom can be automatically generated. After the solution phase, generated masters become specified masters (NS = NTOT) so that they may be listed, displayed, modified, etc. The TOTAL command is ignored in subsequent solutions unless masters are deleted, such that NS<NTOT. If used in SOLUTION, this command is valid only within the first load step. During the matrix triangulation (wavefront) operation, the first NTOT degrees of freedom are temporarily identified as masters and then are replaced as degrees of freedom with lower K/M ratios are found. Degrees of freedom matching the user specified set (if any) are permanently identified. The wavefront builds to NTOT and will have a minimum (and final) value of NTOT. The final set of automatic masters identified will be those corresponding to the lowest modes of the structure. Constrained degrees of freedom are excluded from the automatic master selection. Constraints may be defined to prevent undesirable modes from being present (thus preventing the corresponding MDOF from being selected). For example, if symmetry constraints are imposed, degrees of freedom producing only symmetric modes will be selected. In-plane rotational degrees of freedom for shell elements lying in a global plane are automatically excluded. All rotational degrees of freedom can be excluded during the automatic selection if desired. If automatic master selection is used in the reduced linear transient dynamic (ANTYPE,TRANS) analysis or the reduced harmonic response (ANTYPE,HARMIC) analysis, be sure to force the selection [M] of any degrees of freedom having non-zero displacement or force inputs. If automatic master selection is used in the superelement generation pass (ANTYPE,SUBSTR), be sure to force the selection of connection points to non-superelements. Automatically selected masters are shown in the solution listing (and not in preprocessing listings) as follows:
?
in the reduced eigenvector solution for modal (ANTYPE,MODAL).
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?
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in the reduced displacement solution for harmonic response (ANTYPE,HARMIC). in the reduced displacement solution for linear transient dynamic (ANTYPE,TRANS). in the matrix or load vector printout for substructures (ANTYPE,SUBSTR).
In the substructure generation pass (ANTYPE,SUBSTR), a mass matrix must be available if the TOTAL option is to be used. This command is also valid in PREP7.
Menu Paths
Main Menu>Preprocessor>Loads>Master DOFs>Program Selected Main Menu>Solution>Master DOFs>Program Selected
Prev TOSTAT Prev TOTYPE T Commands
Next TOTYPE Next
TOTYPE
Name
TOTYPE, Type Specifies solution method for topological optimization. group: OPTIMIZATION:Specifications product: MP ME ST PR ED
Type
Choose the solution method to use: OC -Use Optimality Criteria (OC) approach. (Default) SCP -Use Sequential Convex Programming (SCP) approach.
Notes
The OC approach is applicable to problems with only volume as the constraint (or volume as the file://D:\Documents%20and%20Settings\Administrator\Local%20Settings\Temp\~hh... 20.05.2004
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only constraint). The SCP approach is appicable to all valid combinations of objectives and constraints. See TOVAR for a description of valid combinations.
Menu Paths
Prev TOTAL Prev TOVAR T Commands
Next TOVAR Next
TOVAR
Name
TOVAR, Refname, Type, LOWER, UPPER, Boundtype Specifies the objective and constraints for the topological optimization problem. group: OPTIMIZATION:Specifications product: MP ME ST PR ED
Refname
Reference name (8 character string), previously defined with TOCOMP and TOFREQ, or VOLUME (reserved name; default).
Type
Valid types for this command are: OBJ -Specifies the objective for the topological optimization problem. The Refname(s) specified must already be defined (TOCOMP,Refname, or TOFREQ) before defining your constraint(s). LOWER, UPPER, and Boundtype are not used if the specified Refname is the objective. To specify total volume as the objective function, use VOLUME as the Refname. For single or multiple compliance, see TOCOMP. For frequency formulations (single, weighted mean, reciprocal mean, or Euclidean normal), see TOFREQ. CON -Specifies the constraint for the topological optimization problem. Requires a previously defined objective function (TOVAR,Refname,OBJ). LOWER, UPPER, and Boundtype must be specified as listed below.
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T Commands DEL --
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Deletes the previously defined topological optimization objective or constraint named in Refname. LOWER, UPPER, and Boundtype are not used.
LOWER
Lower bound for the constraint (Type = CON).

UPPER
Upper bound for the constraint ( Type = CON). Default is no defined upper bound.
Boundtype
For Type = CON, specifies whether the specified bounds are actual values, or indicate percentages. PERCENT -Indicates that the values specified in LOWER and UPPER should be treated as percentages of the original value. The original value is 100%; only values less than 100 are valid. Depending on the type of constraint, this value indicates a decrease or increase of the initial values. For example, specify 50 to reduce the volume by 50%, or specify 30 to increase the compliance by 30%. ACTUAL -Indicates that the values specified in LOWER and UPPER should be treated as actual values.
Command Default
TOVAR,VOLUME,OBJ
Notes
You must set the objective first, then set the constraint(s). If a single or multiple compliance function (see TOCOMP) is specified as objective function, only the VOLUME function is allowed as a constraint. If a single, weighted mean, reciprocal mean, or euclidean norm frequency (see TOFREQ) objective is selected, only the VOLUME function is allowed as a constraint. If the VOLUME function is selected as the objective function, then only a single or multiple compliance constraint (see TOCOMP) is allowed as constraint function. In this case, a multiple single compliance constraint definition is also possible. LOWER is not applicable if Type = OBJ or DEL, and is not used if Boundtype = PERCENT. UPPER is not applicable if Type = OBJ or DEL. If Boundtype = PERCENT, and RefName = VOLUME, UPPER specifies the percentage of volume reduction. If Boundtype = PERCENT, and RefName is a single or multiple compliance function, UPPER specifies the percentage of compliance increase.
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T Commands If Boundtype = PERCENT, the valid range for UPPER is [5%, 95%].
Page 73 of 104
Menu Paths
Main Menu>Topological Opt>Advanced Opt>By Percentage Main Menu>Topological Opt>Advanced Opt>By Value Main Menu>Topological Opt>Advanced Opt>Delete Main Menu>Topological Opt>Advanced Opt>Topo Objective Main Menu>Topological Opt>Basic Opt
Prev TOTYPE Prev TRANS T Commands
Next TRANS Next
TRANS
Name
TRANS, Fname, Ext, Dir Reformats File.GRPH for improved performance with plotters. group: DISPLAY:Set Up product: MP ME ST DY PR EM FL PP ED
Fname
File name (32 characters maximum). The file name defaults to TRAN33.
Ext

Dir
Notes
Reformats current Fname.GRPH data (based on color) for improved performance with pen plotters.
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Menu Paths
Prev TOVAR Prev TRANSFER T Commands
Next TRANSFER Next
TRANSFER
Name
TRANSFER, KCNTO, INC, NODE1, NODE2, NINC Transfers a pattern of nodes to another coordinate system. group: PREP7:Nodes product: MP ME ST DY PR EM FL PP ED
KCNTO
Reference number of coordinate system where the pattern is to be transferred. Transfer occurs from the active coordinate system.
INC
Increment all nodes in the given pattern by INC to form the transferred node pattern.
NODE1, NODE2, NINC
Transfer nodes from pattern beginning with NODE1 to NODE2 (defaults to NODE1 ) in steps of NINC (defaults to 1). If NODE1 = ALL, NODE2 and NINC are ignored and the pattern is all selected nodes [NSEL]. If NODE1 = P, graphical picking is enabled and all remaining command fields are ignored (valid only in the GUI). A component may be substituted for NODE1 (NODE2 and NINC are ignored).
Notes
Transfers a pattern of nodes from one coordinate system to another. Coordinate systems may be translated and rotated relative to each other. Initial pattern may be generated in any coordinate system. Coordinate values are interpreted in the active coordinate system and are transferred directly. A model generated in one coordinate system may be transferred to another coordinate system. The user may define several coordinate systems (translated and rotated from each other), generate a
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model in one coordinate system, and then repeatedly transfer the model to other coordinate systems. The model may be generated in any type of coordinate system (Cartesian, cylindrical, etc.) and transferred to any other type of coordinate system. Coordinate values (X,Y,Z, or R, ,Z, or etc.) of the model being transferred are interpreted in the active coordinate system type, regardless of how they were generated. Values are transferred directly and are interpreted according to the type of coordinate system being transferred to. For example, transferring from a Cartesian coordinate system to a cylindrical coordinate system (not recommended) would cause X = 2.0 and Y = 3.0 values to be directly interpreted as R = 2.0 and = 3.0 values, respectively.
Menu Paths
Main Menu>Preprocessor>Move / Modify>Transfer Coord>Nodes
Prev TRANS Prev *TREAD T Commands
Next *TREAD Next
*TREAD
Name
*TREAD, Par, Fname, Ext, Dir, NSKIP Reads data from an external file into a table array parameter. group: APDL:Parameters product: MP ME ST DY PR EM FL PP ED
Par
Table array parameter name as defined by the *DIM command.

Fname
File name (32 characters maximum). File name has no default.

Ext
Filename extension (8 character maximum). Extension has no default.
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Dir
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NSKIP
Number of comment lines at the beginning of the file being read that will be skipped during the reading. Default=0.
Notes
Use this command to read in a table of data from an external file into an ANSYS table array parameter. The external file may be created using a text editor or by an external application or program. The external file must be in tab-delimited, blank-delimited, or comma-delimited format to be used by *TREAD. The ANSYS TABLE type array parameter must be defined before you can read in an external file. See *DIM for more information.
Menu Paths
Main Menu>Preprocessor>Loads>Apply>Ambient Rad>On Areas Main Menu>Preprocessor>Loads>Apply>Ambient Rad>On Elements Main Menu>Preprocessor>Loads>Apply>Ambient Rad>On Lines Main Menu>Preprocessor>Loads>Apply>Ambient Rad>On Nodes Main Menu>Preprocessor>Loads>Apply>Boundary>On Areas Main Menu>Preprocessor>Loads>Apply>Boundary>On Keypoints Main Menu>Preprocessor>Loads>Apply>Boundary>On Lines Main Menu>Preprocessor>Loads>Apply>Boundary>On Nodes Main Menu>Preprocessor>Loads>Apply>Displacement>On Areas Main Menu>Preprocessor>Loads>Apply>Displacement>On Keypoints Main Menu>Preprocessor>Loads>Apply>Displacement>On Lines Main Menu>Preprocessor>Loads>Apply>Displacement>On Nodes Main Menu>Preprocessor>Loads>Apply>Excitation>On Keypoints Main Menu>Preprocessor>Loads>Apply>Excitation>On Nodes Main Menu>Preprocessor>Loads>Apply>Flow>On Keypoints Main Menu>Preprocessor>Loads>Apply>Flow>On Nodes Main Menu>Preprocessor>Loads>Apply>Forces>On Nodes Main Menu>Preprocessor>Loads>Apply>Pressure DOF>On Areas Main Menu>Preprocessor>Loads>Apply>Pressure DOF>On Keypoints Main Menu>Preprocessor>Loads>Apply>Pressure DOF>On Lines Main Menu>Preprocessor>Loads>Apply>Pressure DOF>On Nodes Main Menu>Preprocessor>Loads>Apply>Species>On Areas Main Menu>Preprocessor>Loads>Apply>Species>On Lines Main Menu>Preprocessor>Loads>Apply>Species>On Nodes Main Menu>Preprocessor>Loads>Apply>Turbulence>On Areas Main Menu>Preprocessor>Loads>Apply>Turbulence>On Lines Main Menu>Preprocessor>Loads>Apply>Turbulence>On Nodes Main Menu>Preprocessor>Loads>Apply>Velocity>On Areas file://D:\Documents%20and%20Settings\Administrator\Local%20Settings\Temp\~hh... 20.05.2004
T Commands Main Menu>Preprocessor>Loads>Apply>Velocity>On Keypoints Main Menu>Preprocessor>Loads>Apply>Velocity>On Lines Main Menu>Preprocessor>Loads>Apply>Velocity>On Nodes Main Menu>Preprocessor>Loads>Apply>Volume Fract>On Elements Main Menu>Preprocessor>Loads>Apply>Volume Fract>On Lines Main Menu>Solution>Apply>Ambient Rad>On Areas Main Menu>Solution>Apply>Ambient Rad>On Elements Main Menu>Solution>Apply>Ambient Rad>On Lines Main Menu>Solution>Apply>Ambient Rad>On Nodes Main Menu>Solution>Apply>Boundary>On Areas Main Menu>Solution>Apply>Boundary>On Keypoints Main Menu>Solution>Apply>Boundary>On Lines Main Menu>Solution>Apply>Boundary>On Nodes Main Menu>Solution>Apply>Displacement>On Areas Main Menu>Solution>Apply>Displacement>On Keypoints Main Menu>Solution>Apply>Displacement>On Lines Main Menu>Solution>Apply>Displacement>On Nodes Main Menu>Solution>Apply>Excitation>On Keypoints Main Menu>Solution>Apply>Excitation>On Nodes Main Menu>Solution>Apply>Flow>On Keypoints Main Menu>Solution>Apply>Flow>On Nodes Main Menu>Solution>Apply>Forces>On Nodes Main Menu>Solution>Apply>Pressure DOF>On Areas Main Menu>Solution>Apply>Pressure DOF>On Keypoints Main Menu>Solution>Apply>Pressure DOF>On Lines Main Menu>Solution>Apply>Pressure DOF>On Nodes Main Menu>Solution>Apply>Species>On Areas Main Menu>Solution>Apply>Species>On Lines Main Menu>Solution>Apply>Species>On Nodes Main Menu>Solution>Apply>Turbulence>On Areas Main Menu>Solution>Apply>Turbulence>On Lines Main Menu>Solution>Apply>Turbulence>On Nodes Main Menu>Solution>Apply>Velocity>On Areas Main Menu>Solution>Apply>Velocity>On Keypoints Main Menu>Solution>Apply>Velocity>On Lines Main Menu>Solution>Apply>Velocity>On Nodes Main Menu>Solution>Apply>Volume Fract>On Elements Main Menu>Solution>Apply>Volume Fract>On Lines Utility Menu>Parameters>Array Parameters>Read from File
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Prev TRANSFER Prev TREF T Commands
Next TREF Next 20.05.2004
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TREF
Name
TREF, TREF Defines the reference temperature for the thermal strain calculations. group: SOLUTION:Load Step Options product: MP ME ST DY PR PP ED
TREF
Reference temperature for thermal expansion.
Note
If the uniform temperature [TUNIF] is undefined, it is also set to this value.
Command Default
Reference temperature is 0.0 degrees.
Notes
Defines the reference temperature for the thermal strain calculations in structural analyses and explicit dynamic analyses. Thermal strains are given by *(T -TREF), as explained the ANSYS, Inc. Theory Reference, where is the coefficient of thermal expansion material property and T is the element temperature. Units should be consistent with . Reference temperatures may also be input per material by using the label REFT on the material property [MP] command, such as MP,REFT, MAT,C0. Only a constant (non-temperature-dependent) value is allowed. The value input on the TREF command applies to all materials not having a specified material property definition. This command is also valid in PREP7.
Menu Paths
Main Menu>Preprocessor>LS-DYNA Options>Loading Options>Reference Temp Main Menu>Preprocessor>Loads>Other>Reference Temp Main Menu>Preprocessor>Loads>Settings>Reference Temp Main Menu>Solution>Other>Reference Temp Main Menu>Solution>Settings>Reference Temp Main Menu>Solution>Loading Options>Reference Temp
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Prev *TREAD Prev /TRIAD T Commands
Next /TRIAD Next
/TRIAD
Name
/TRIAD, Lab Shows the global XYZ coordinate triad on displays. group: GRAPHICS:Labeling product: MP ME ST DY PR EM FL PP ED
Lab
Display triad as follows: ORIG -Display triad at global origin (default). OFF -Turn off triad display. LBOT -Display triad in lower left screen corner. RBOT -Display triad in lower right screen corner. LTOP -Display triad in upper left screen corner. RTOP -Display triad in upper right screen corner.
Notes
For efficiency, ANSYS 3-D graphics logic maintains a single data structure (segment), which includes the triad as a 3-D data object. If a 3-D device is involved (/SHOW,3D), and the ANSYS file://D:\Documents%20and%20Settings\Administrator\Local%20Settings\Temp\~hh... 20.05.2004
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graphics are not being displayed as multi-plots, then the triad location is determined by the view settings for Window #1. A request for triad display anywhere except for the origin could yield an improper display in windows 2 through 5. The program displays the same segment in all windows. The view settings of each window constitute the only difference in the display in the active windows. This command is valid in any processor.
Menu Paths
Utility Menu>PlotCtrls>Window Controls>Reset Window Options Utility Menu>PlotCtrls>Window Controls>Window Options
Prev TREF Prev /TRLCY T Commands
Next /TRLCY Next
/TRLCY
Name
/TRLCY, Lab, TLEVEL , N1, N2, NINC Specifies the level of translucency. group: GRAPHICS:Style product: MP ME ST DY PR EM FL PP ED
Lab
Apply translucency level to the items specified by the following labels: ELEM -Elements. Use N1, N2, NINC fields for element numbers. AREA -Solid model areas. Use N1, N2, NINC fields for area numbers. VOLU -Solid model volumes. Use N1, N2, NINC fields for volume numbers. ISURF -Isosurfaces (surfaces of constant stress, etc., value). Translucency varies with result
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T Commands value, to a maximum of the specified translucency level. CM -Component group. Use N1 for component name, ignore N2 and NINC. CURVE --
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Filled areas under curves of line graphs. Use N1, N2, NINC fields for curve numbers. ZCAP -If /TYPE,WN,ZCAP is the current display type, then /TRLCY,ZCAP, TLEVEL will display the model in window WN with the portion of the model in front of the section plane displayed at the translucency level TLEVEL. ON, OFF -Sets the specified translucency display on or off. All other fields are ignored.
TLEVEL
Translucency level: 0.0 (opaque) to 1.0 (transparent).

N1, N2, NINC
Used only with labels as noted above. Apply translucency level to Lab items numbered N1 to N2 (defaults to N1) in steps of NINC (defaults to 1). If N1 is blank or ALL, apply specified translucency level to entire selected range. If Lab is CM, use component name for N1 and ignore N2 and NINC. A value of N1 = P allows you to graphically pick elements, areas, and volumes. You can then assign translucency levels to the entities via the picker. The Lab and TLEVEL fields are ignored when translucency is applied by picking.
Command Default
Zero translucency (opaque) level.
Notes
Specifies the level of translucency for various items. Issue /TRLCY,DEFA to reset the default (0) translucency levels. This command is valid only on selected 2-D and 3-D graphics devices; see in the ANSYS Basic Analysis Guide for more information on applying translucency. For 2-D devices, ANSYS displays only the visible faces of the items being displayed. The information behind the facing planes is not displayed. Issuing the /SHRINK command will force the hardware to display information behind the translucent items. This command is valid in any processor.
Menu Paths
20.05.2004
T Commands Utility Menu>PlotCtrls>Style>Translucency
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Prev /TRIAD Prev TRNOPT T Commands
Next TRNOPT Next
TRNOPT
Name
TRNOPT, Method, MAXMODE, Dmpkey, MINMODE Specifies transient analysis options. group: SOLUTION:Dynamic Options product: MP ME ST EM EH PP ED
Method
Solution method for the transient analysis: FULL -Full method (default). REDUC -Reduced method. MSUP -Mode superposition method.
MAXMODE
Largest mode number to be used to calculate the response (for Method = MSUP). Defaults to the highest mode calculated in the preceding modal analysis.
Dmpkey
Damping option (for Method = REDUC): DAMP -Include the effects of damping if present (default). NODAMP --
20.05.2004
T Commands Ignore the effects of damping, even if present.

MINMODE
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Smallest mode number to be used (for Method = MSUP). Defaults to 1.
Notes
Specifies transient analysis (ANTYPE,TRANS) options. If used in SOLUTION, this command is valid only within the first load step. This command is also valid in PREP7.
TRNOPT is not a valid command in ANSYS/Professional. In ANSYS/Professional, Method is automatically set to FULL for pure thermal transients and is set to MSUP for all other transient analyses.
Menu Paths
Main Menu>Preprocessor>Loads>New Analysis Main Menu>Preprocessor>Loads>Analysis Options Main Menu>Solution>New Analysis Main Menu>Solution>Analysis Options
Prev /TRLCY Prev TRPDEL T Commands
Next TRPDEL Next
TRPDEL
Name
TRPDEL, NTRP1, NTRP2, TRPINC Deletes particle flow or charged particle trace points. group: POST1:Trace Points product: MP ME ST DY FL PP ED
NTRP1, NTRP2, TRPINC
Delete points from NTRP1 to NTRP2 (defaults to NTRP1) in steps of TRPINC (defaults to 1). If
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= ALL, NTRP2 and TRPINC are ignored and all trace points are deleted. If NTRP1 = P, graphical picking is enabled and all remaining command fields are ignored (valid only in the GUI).
Notes
Deletes particle flow or charged particle trace points defined with the TRPOIN command.
Menu Paths
Main Menu>General Postproc>Plot Results>Dele Trace Pt
Prev TRNOPT Prev TRPLIS T Commands
Next TRPLIS Next
TRPLIS
Name
TRPLIS, NTRP1, NTRP2, TRPINC Lists the particle flow or charged particle trace points. group: POST1:Trace Points product: MP ME ST DY FL PP ED
NTRP1, NTRP2, TRPINC
List points from NTRP1 to NTRP2 (defaults to NTRP1) in steps of TRPINC (defaults to 1). If NTRP1 = ALL, NTRP2 and TRPINC are ignored and all trace points are listed. If NTRP1 = P, graphical picking is enabled and all remaining command fields are ignored (valid only in the GUI).
Notes
Lists the particle flow or charged particle trace points in the active display coordinate system [DSYS]. Trace points are defined with the TRPOIN command.
Menu Paths
Main Menu>General Postproc>Plot Results>List Trace Pt
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T Commands Prev TRPDEL Prev TRPOIN T Commands
Page 85 of 104 Next TRPOIN Next
TRPOIN
Name
TRPOIN, X, Y, Z, VX, VY, VZ, CHRG, MASS Defines a point through which a particle flow or charged particle trace will travel. group: POST1:Trace Points product: MP ME ST DY FL PP ED
X, Y, Z
Coordinate location of the trace point (in the active coordinate system). If X = P, graphical picking is enabled and all remaining command fields are ignored (valid only in the GUI).
VX, VY, VZ
Particle velocities in the X, Y and Z directions (in the active coordinate system).
CHRG
Particle charge.
MASS
Particle mass.
Notes
Defines a point through which a particle flow or charged particle trace [PLTRAC] will travel. Multiple points (50 maximum) may be defined which will result in multiple flow traces. Use TRPLIS to list the currently defined trace points and TRPDEL to delete trace points. The VX, VY, VZ, CHRG, and MASS arguments only apply to charged particles.
Menu Paths
Main Menu>General Postproc>Plot Results>Defi Trace Pt
20.05.2004
T Commands Prev TRPLIS Prev TRTIME T Commands
Page 86 of 104 Next TRTIME Next
TRTIME
Name
TRTIME, TIME, SPACING, OFFSET, SIZE, LENGTH Defines the options used for the PLTRAC (particle flow or charged particle trace) command. group: POST1:Animation product: MP ME ST DY PR EM FL PP ED
TIME
Total Trace Time (seconds) (defaults to 0, which is the full flow trace).
SPACING
Particle spacing in seconds (defaults to 0).

OFFSET
Particle offset in seconds (defaults to 0). It is used internally in the ANFLOW macro to produce an animation of particle flow in a flowing fluid or charged particle motion in an electric or magnetic field.
SIZE
Particle size (defaults to 0, which is a line).

LENGTH
Particle length fraction (defaults to .1).
Command Default
Full particle flow or charged particle trace.
Notes
The TRTIME command varies the type of PLTRAC display produced. Particle flow or charged particle traces follow a particle's path in the forward and backward direction of travel. The DOF
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selected determines the color of the particle trace. SPACING defines the particle spacing in seconds from adjacent particles in the stream line. OFFSET defines the offset in seconds from the spacing set by the SPACING argument. defines the particle length fraction. The default value (.1), means the particle occupies 10% of the flow region, and the other 90% is a color-coded line.
LENGTH
sets the radius of the particle. Use SPACING, OFFSET and LENGTH only when SIZE is non-zero (i.e., the particle is bigger than the line).
SIZE
Menu Paths
Main Menu>General Postproc>Plot Results>Time Interval
Prev TRPOIN Prev TSHAP T Commands
Next TSHAP Next
TSHAP
Name
TSHAP, Shape Defines simple 2-D and 3-D geometric surfaces for target segment elements. group: PREP7:Elements product: MP ME ST PP ED
Shape
Specifies the geometric shapes for target segment elements TARGE169 and TARGE170. LINE -Straight line (2-D) (Default for 2-D) PARA -Parabola (2-D) ARC -Clockwise arc (2-D) CARC --
20.05.2004
T Commands Counterclockwise arc (2-D) CIRC -Complete circle (2-D) TRIA -Three-node triangle (3-D) (Default for 3-D) TRI6 -Six-node triangle (3-D) QUAD -Four-node quadrilateral (3-D) QUA8 -Eight-node quadrilateral (3-D) CYLI -Cylinder (3-D) CONE -Cone (3-D) SPHE -Sphere (3-D) PILO -Pilot node (2-D, 3-D)
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Notes
Use this command to generate the rigid target surface for surface-to-surface contact (TARGE169, CONTA171, CONTA172 (2-D) and TARGE170, CONTA173, and CONTA174 (3-D)). Once you issue TSHAP, all subsequent elements generated via this command will have the same shape, until you issue TSHAP again with a different Shape.
Menu Paths
Main Menu>Preprocessor>Create>Elements>Elem Attributes
Prev TRTIME file://D:\Documents%20and%20Settings\Administrator\Local%20Settings\Temp\~hh...
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Prev
Next
/TSPEC
Name
/TSPEC, TCOLOR, TSIZE, TXTHIC, PANGLE, IANGLE Creates annotation text attributes (GUI). group: GRAPHICS:Annotation product: MP ME ST DY PR EM FL PP ED
TCOLOR
Text color (0 0 -Black. 1 --
TCOLOR
15):
Red-Magenta. 2 -Magenta. 3 -Blue-Magenta. 4 -Blue. 5 -Cyan-Blue. 6 -Cyan. 7 -Green-Cyan.
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T Commands 8 -Green. 9 -Yellow-Green. 10 -Yellow. 11 -Orange. 12 -Red. 13 -Dark Gray. 14 -Light Gray. 15 -White.
TSIZE
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Text size factor.

TXTHIC
Text thickness key: 1 -normal. 2 -twice as thick. 3 -three times as thick. 4 --
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T Commands four times as thick.

PANGLE
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Text path angle (0.0 < angle< 360.0).

IANGLE
Text italic angle (0.0 < angle < 45.0).
Notes
Defines annotation text attributes to control certain characteristics of the text created via the /TLABEL command. This is a command generated by the Graphical User Interface (GUI) and will appear in the log file ( Jobname.LOG) if annotation is used. This command is not intended to be typed in directly in an ANSYS session (although it can be included in an input file for batch input or for use with the /INPUT command). This command is valid in any processor.
Menu Paths
Prev TSHAP Prev TSRES T Commands
Next TSRES Next
TSRES
Name
TSRES , Array Defines an array of keytimes at which the time-stepping strategy changes. group: SOLUTION:Load Step Options product: MP ME ST DY PR EM FL PP ED
Array
Identifies an Nx1x1 array parameter containing the keytimes at which the heat transfer timestepping strategy changes (the time step is reset to the initial time step based on DELTIM or NSUBST settings). The array name must be enclosed by % signs (e.g., % array%). See *DIM for more information on array parameters.
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Notes
Time values in the array parameter must be in ascending order and must not exceed the time at the end of the load step as defined on the TIME command. The time increment between time points in the array list must be larger than the initial time step defined on the DELTIM or NSUBST command. Time values must also fall between the beginning and ending time values of the load step. For multiple load step problems, you must either change the parameter values to fall between the beginning and ending time values of the load step or reissue the command with a new array parameter. To clear the array parameter specification, issue TSRES ,ERASE. Results can be output at the requested time points if the array or time values in the array are also specified in the OUTRES command using FREQ=%array%. Use this command to reset the time-stepping strategy within a load step. You may need to reset the time-stepping strategy when using tabular time-varying boundary conditions. See Steady-State Thermal Analysis of the ANSYS Thermal Analysis Guide for more information on applying boundary conditions via tabular input. See Transient Thermal Analysis of the ANSYS Thermal Analysis Guide for more information on defining keytimes.
Menu Paths
Main Menu>Preprocessor>Loads>Time/Frequenc>Time - Time Step Main Menu>Preprocessor>Loads>Time/Frequenc>Time and Substps Main Menu>Solution>Time/Frequenc>Time - Time Step Main Menu>Solution>Time/Frequenc>Time and Substps
Prev /TSPEC Prev TUNIF T Commands
Next TUNIF Next
TUNIF
Name
TUNIF, TEMP Assigns a uniform temperature to all nodes. group: SOLUTION:FE Body Loads product: MP ME ST DY PR PP ED
TEMP
Uniform temperature assigned to the nodes. If TEMP is blank, the uniform temperature is set to zero.
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Command Default
Set uniform temperature to the reference temperature ([TREF] but not MP,REFT).
Notes
In a transient or nonlinear thermal analysis, the uniform temperature is used during the first iteration of a solution as follows:
?
as the starting nodal temperature (except where temperatures are explicitly specified [D, DK]), to evaluate temperature-dependent material properties.
In a structural analysis or explicit dynamic analysis, the uniform temperature is used as the default temperature for thermal strain calculations and material property evaluation (except where body load temperatures are specified [BF, BFE, BFK, LDREAD]). In other scalar field analyses, the uniform temperature is used for material property evaluation. When the TUNIF command is used in an explicit dynamic analysis, you cannot use the EDLOAD,,TEMP command to apply temperature loading. Furthermore, temperature loading defined by TUNIF cannot be listed or deleted by the EDLOAD command. TUNIF is a convenient form of the more general BFUNIF command. This command is also valid in PREP7.
Menu Paths
Main Menu>Preprocessor>LS-DYNA Options>Loading Options>Uniform Temp Main Menu>Preprocessor>Loads>Apply>Boundary>-Temperature->Uniform Temp Main Menu>Preprocessor>Loads>Apply>Temperature>Uniform Temp Main Menu>Preprocessor>Loads>Settings>Uniform Temp Main Menu>Solution>Apply>Boundary>-Temperature->Uniform Temp Main Menu>Solution>Apply>Temperature>Uniform Temp Main Menu>Solution>Settings>Uniform Temp Main Menu>Solution>Loading Options>Uniform Temp
Prev TSRES Prev TVAR T Commands
Next TVAR Next
TVAR
Name
T Commands TVAR, KEY Changes time to the cumulative iteration number. group: POST26:Controls product: MP ME ST DY PR EM FL PP ED
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KEY
Time key: 0 -Time is used for the variable TIME. 1 -NCUMIT is used for the variable TIME.
Command Default
TIME is the variable TIME.
Notes
Changes the meaning of the time variable to the cumulative iteration number (NCUMIT) variable. Data can be read from the file, printed, and displayed as a function of NCUMIT rather than time. All POST26 descriptions applying to TIME then apply to NCUMIT.
Menu Paths
Prev TUNIF Prev /TXTRE T Commands
Next /TXTRE Next
/TXTRE
Name
/TXTRE , Lab, NUM, N1, N2, NINC Controls application of texture to selected items. group: GRAPHICS:Style product: MP ME ST DY PR EM FL PP EDMP ME ST DY PR EM FL PP ED file://D:\Documents%20and%20Settings\Administrator\Local%20Settings\Temp\~hh... 20.05.2004
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Lab
You can apply texture according to the following labels: ELEM -Apply texture to elements N1 through N2 in steps of NINC. AREA -Apply texture to areas N1 through N2 in steps of NINC. VOLU -Apply texture to volumes N1 through N2 in steps of NINC. CM -Apply texture to the component named in N1. N2 and NINC are ignored. ON, OFF -Sets the specified texture display on or off. All other fields are ignored. File -If Lab = File, the command format is /TXTRE , File, Key_Index, Fname, Fext, --, Format (This variant of the command is applicable to 2D drivers). Key_Index -The texture index associated with the file. If the number fifty-one (51) is used, the imported bitmap will be used as the window's logo.
Fname--

Fext--

Dir

Format
--
The file format. If Format = 0, the file is a pixmap (UNIX) or Bitmap (PC). The file cannot contain a compressed image, and the PC file must be 8 or 24 bit BI_RGB format. If Format = 1 or JPEG, then the file is in JPEG (Joint Photographic Experts Group) format. If Format = 2 or PNG, then the file is in
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T Commands PNG (Portable Network Graphics) format.

NUM
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Select the texture index number from the following list: 0 -No Texturing 1 -Aluminum 2 -Aluminum, Brushed 3 -Steel With Bumps 4 -Steel, Embossed 5 -Iron 6 -Steel, Pattern 7 -Steel, Riveted 8 -Steel, Scratched 9 -Tin 10-Metal 11 -Steel, Etched
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T Commands 12 -Metal, Hot 13 -Iron, Grainy 14 -Metal, Rusty 15 -Brick 16 -Block 17 -Wood 18 -Wood, Light 19 -Wood, Walnut 20 -Plastic, Hard Blue 21 -Plastic, Light Blue 22 -Plastic, Hard Red 31 -Gold 32 -Brass 33 --
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T Commands Silver 34 -Plastic, Black 35 -Plastic, Ivory 36 -Plastic, Blue 37 -Plastic, Red 38 -Plastic, Yellow 39 -Plastic, Green 40 -Plastic, Brown
N1, N2, NINC
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Apply texture to Lab items numbered N1 through N2 in steps of NINC (defaults to 1). If Lab = CM, then N1 is used to for the component name and N2 and NINC are ignored. If Lab = ELEM, AREA, or VOLU and N1 = blank or ALL, then the specified texture will be applied to all entities of type Lab. If N1 = P, then graphical picking is enabled.
Command Default
No texture (/TXTRE ,DEFA)
Notes
This command is available for 3-D Open GL devices. 2D devices are supported only for the Lab = File variation of the command, allowing imported bitmaps to be used for texturing and annotation. Textures can affect the speed of many of your display operations. You can increase the speed by temprorarily turning the textures off (Utility Menu> PlotCtrls>Style>Texturing(3D)>Display Texturing). This menu selection toggles your textures on and off. When textures are toggled off, all of the texture information is retained and reapplied when texturing is toggled back on. For some displays, the texture will appear distorted because of a technique used to enhance 3-D displays (/DV3D,TRIS,1). Disabling this function (/DV3D,TRIS,0) will improve the quality of some
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texture displays. Disabling the TRIS option of the /DV3D command will slow down 3-D displays significantly. Be sure to reapply the TRIS option after you obtain a satisfactory output. Specifying /TXTRE ,DEFA removes all texturing.
Menu Paths
Utility Menu>PlotCtrls>Style>Texturing(3D)
Prev TVAR Prev /TYPE T Commands
Next /TYPE Next
/TYPE
Name
/TYPE, WN, Type Defines the type of display. group: GRAPHICS:Style product: MP ME ST DY PR EM FL PP ED
WN

Type
Display type. Defaults to ZBUF for raster mode displays or BASIC for vector mode displays: BASIC or 0 -Basic display (no hidden or section operations). SECT or 1 -Section display (plane view). Use the /CPLANE command to define the cutting plane. HIDC or 2 -Centroid hidden display (based on item centroid sort). HIDD or 3 -Face hidden display (based on face centroid sort). file://D:\Documents%20and%20Settings\Administrator\Local%20Settings\Temp\~hh... 20.05.2004
T Commands HIDP or 4 -Precise hidden display (like HIDD but with more precise checking). CAP or 5 --
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Capped hidden display (same as combined SECT and HIDD with model in front of section plane removed). ZBUF or 6 -Z-buffered display (like HIDD but using software Z-buffering). ZCAP or 7 -Capped Z-buffered display (same as combined SECT and ZBUF with model in front of section plane removed). ZQSL or 8 -QSLICE Z-buffered display (same as SECT but the edge lines of the remaining 3-D model are shown). HQSL or 9 -QSLICE precise hidden display (like ZQSL but using precise hidden).
Command Default
ZBUF for raster mode displays; BASIC for vector mode displays.
Notes
Defines the type of display, such as section display or hidden-line display. Use the /DEVICE command to specify either raster or vector mode. The SECT, CAP, ZCAP, ZQSL, and HQSL options produce section displays. The section or "cutting" plane is specified on the /CPLANE command as either normal to the viewing vector at the focus point (default), or as the working plane. When you use PowerGraphics, the section display options (Section, Slice, and Capped) use different averaging techniques for the interior and exterior results. Because of the different averaging schemes, anomalies may appear at the transiton areas. You can eliminate these anomalies by issuing AVRES, FULL (Main Menu>General Post Proc>Options for Outp). The automatic contour interval range for the legend is based on the minimum and maximum results found throughout the entire model. The HIDC, HIDD, HIDP, ZBUF, ZQSL, and HQSL options produce displays with "hidden" lines removed. Hidden lines are lines obscured from view by another element, area, etc. The choice of non-Z-buffered hidden-line procedure types is available only for raster mode [/DEVICE] displays. For vector mode displays, all non-Z-buffered "hidden-line" options use the same procedure (which is slightly different from the raster procedures). Both geometry and postprocessing displays may be of
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the hidden-line type. Interior stress contour lines within solid elements can also be removed as hidden lines, leaving only the stress contour lines and element outlines on the visible surfaces. Midside nodes of elements are ignored on postprocessing displays. Overlapping elements will not be displayed. The ZBUF, ZCAP, and ZQSL options use a specific hidden-line technique called software Zbuffering. This technique allows a more accurate display of overlapping surfaces (common when using Boolean operations or /ESHAPE on element displays), and allows smooth shaded displays on all interactive graphics displays. Z-buffered displays can be performed faster than HIDP and CAP type displays for large models. See also the /LIGHT, /SHADE , and /GFILE commands for additional options when Z-buffering is used. This command is valid in any processor.
Menu Paths
Prev /TXTRE Prev TYPE T Commands
Next TYPE Next
TYPE
Name
TYPE, ITYPE Sets the element type attribute pointer. group: PREP7:Meshing PREP7:Elements product: MP ME ST DY PR EM FL PP ED
ITYPE
Assign this type number to the elements (defaults to 1).
Command Default
ITYPE
= 1.
Notes
Activates an element type number to be assigned to subsequently defined elements. This number refers to the element type number ( ITYPE) defined with the ET command. Type numbers may be
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T Commands displayed [/PNUM].
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In some cases, ANSYS can proceed with a meshing operation even when no logical element type has been assigned via TYPE or XATT,,,TYPE. For more information, see the discussion on setting element attributes in Meshing Your Solid Model in the ANSYS Modeling and Meshing Guide.
Menu Paths
Main Menu>Preprocessor>Create>Elements>Elem Attributes Main Menu>Preprocessor>Define>Default Attribs Main Menu>Preprocessor>Operate>Extrude>Elem Ext Opts
Prev /TYPE Prev TZAMESH T Commands
Next TZAMESH Next
TZAMESH
Name
TZAMESH, Tvolu, SIZE, NDIV Meshes the areas of a volume to create Trefftz nodes. group: PREP7:Trefftz Domain product: MP ME ST EM PP ED
Tvolu
Component name for the Trefftz volume. The component name must be enclosed in single quotes in the TZAMESH command line.
SIZE
Edge length between Trefftz nodes on surface boundaries (i.e. lines). The areas of the component volume will be meshed with this specification to create the Trefftz nodes. If SIZE is zero (or blank), use NDIV.
NDIV
Number of element divisions along the surface boundary lines. Defaults to 2.
Notes
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The command macro is used to create Trefftz nodes by meshing the surface areas of the selected volumes. The nodes of the meshed surface areas are grouped into the node component TZ_NOD. There is no solid model associativity with the Trefftz volume and the Trefftz nodes. The Trefftz nodes (component TZ_NOD) are used to create the Trefftz substructure (TZEGEN command).
Menu Paths
Main Menu>Preprocessor>Trefftz Domain>Mesh TZ Geometry
Prev TYPE Prev TZDELE T Commands
Next TZDELE Next
TZDELE
Name
TZDELE Deletes the Trefftz superelement, associated constraint equations and all supporting Trefftz files. group: PREP7:Trefftz Domain product: MP ME ST EM PP ED
Notes
Deletes the Trefftz superelement, associated constraint equations and all supporting Trefftz files previously generated with the TZEGEN command. You should delete the Trefftz superelement if you are going to create new Trefftz nodes and generate a new Trefftz superelement.
Menu Paths
Main Menu>Preprocessor>Trefftz Domain>Delete TZ
Prev TZAMESH Prev TZEGEN T Commands
Next TZEGEN Next
TZEGEN
T Commands
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Name
TZEGEN Generates a Trefftz domain substructure and defines a Trefftz superelement for use in electrostatic analysis. group: PREP7:Trefftz Domain product: MP ME ST EM PP ED
Notes
The command generates a Trefftz domain substructure from the Trefftz node component (TZ_NOD) and the flagged infinite surfaces of the exterior finite element domain [SF command with the INF surface load label]. The Trefftz nodes should be uniformly scattered between the modeled components and the exterior of the finite element mesh. The nodes must not be attached to any underlying electrostatic finite elements. The nodes may be created automatically from a solid model volume using the TZEGEN command macro. The substructure named Jobname.sub is created and automatically brought into the problem as a superelement (MATRIX50) using the next available element number. Also created is a set of constraint equations relating the Trefftz nodes to the surface nodes of the flagged exterior finite element domain. The TZEGEN command creates temporary files during the substructure generation. These include the following:
?
Jobname.TZN Jobname.TZE Jobname.TZX Jobname.TZM
- Trefftz nodes - Trefftz surface facets on the FE boundary - Surface nodes of the FE boundary - Trefftz material
The TZEGEN macro is only valid for three-dimensional electrostatics analysis. In addition, the bounding surface of the finite element domain must contain no symmetry planes.
Menu Paths
Main Menu>Preprocessor>Trefftz Domain>Generate TZ
Prev TZDELE
Next U Commands
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U Commands U Commands ANSYS Commands Reference
Page 1 of 27
Prev
Next
U Commands
Table of Contents /UCMD /UDOC /UI UIMP /UIS *ULIB UNDELETE UNDO /UNITS UPCOORD UPGEOM *USE /USER USRCAL
Prev TZEGEN Prev /UCMD U Commands
Next /UCMD Next
/UCMD
Name
/UCMD, Cmd, SRNUM Assigns a user-defined command name. group: APDL:Abbreviations product: MP ME ST PP
Cmd
User-defined command name. Only the first four characters are significant. Must not conflict with any ANSYS command name or any user "unknown command" macro name.
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U Commands
SRNUM
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User subroutine number (1 to 10) programmed for this command. For example, the command /UCMD,MYCMD,3 will execute subroutine USER03 whenever the command MYCMD is entered. Use a blank command name to disassociate SRNUM from its command. For example, /UCMD ,,3 removes MYCMD as a command.
Notes
Assigns a user-defined command name to a user-programmable (system-dependent) subroutine. This feature allows user-defined commands to be programmed into the ANSYS program. Once programmed, this command can be input to the program like other commands, and can also be included in the ANSYS start-up file. See *ULIB for another way of defining user commands. Up to 10 subroutines are available for user-defined commands (USER01 to USER10). Users must have system permission, system access, and knowledge to write, compile, and link the appropriate subprocessors into the ANSYS program at the site where it is to be run. All routines should be written in FORTRAN 77. The USER01 routine is commented and should be listed from the distribution media (system dependent) for more details. Issue /UCMD,STAT to list all user-defined command names. Since a user-programmed command is a non-standard use of the program, the verification of any ANSYS run incorporating these commands is entirely up to the user. In any contact with ANSYS customer support regarding the performance of a custom version of the ANSYS program, you should explicitly state that a user programmable feature has been used. See the ANSYS Advanced Analysis Techniques Guide for a general description of user-programmable features and ANSYS Guide to User Programmable Features for a detailed description of these features. This command is valid only at the Begin Level.
Menu Paths
Prev U Commands Prev /UDOC U Commands
Next /UDOC Next
/UDOC
Name
/UDOC, Wind, Class, Key, Determines position and content for the multi-legend options. group: GRAPHICS:Labeling product: MP ME ST DY PR EM FL PP ED
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WIND
The window number to which the command applies. (defaults to 1)

Class
The type (and relative importance) of legend item being displayed: CNTR -Contour legend. This legend item is controlled separately from the other legend items (see note below). DATE -The items in the DATE class include the date and time, or the ANSYS graphical logo (/PLOPTS ,LOGO,1). This item is shown by default in all plots. GWIN -The items in the GWIN class include the entity acronyms that appear in the legend of a multiplot of entities (Nodes, Elements, Keypoints, Lines, Areas, Volumes). GWIN items are shown by default for all GPLOT displays. TYPE -Items in the TYPE class include the plot type (e.g. ELEMENTS, MATERIALS, NODAL SOLUTIONS, etc.). TYPE items are shown by default in all plots. TYP2 -Items in the TYP2 class include supplementary type information, such as DMAX and SMAX for nodal solutions. TYP2 items are shown by default in all plots. INUM -Items in the INUM class include the number labels generated by the /PNUM command. This class is displayed by default in all plots that contain /PNUM information. BCDC -The items in the BCDC class include labels created by the /PBC command. This class is shown by default in all plots which contain /PBC information. VECT -Items in the VECT class include labels created by the PLVECT command. This class is shown by default for all PLVECT plots. SURF -The items in the SURF class include labels from the /PSF legend. This class is shown by file://D:\Documents%20and%20Settings\Administrator\Local%20Settings\Temp\~hh... 20.05.2004
U Commands default on all plots of surface boundary conditions. BODY --
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Items from the BODY class include labels from the /PBF legend. This class is shown by default in all plots of body forces. PSTA -Items from the PSTA class include stress scaling statistics, such as the /SSCALE setting. This class is not shown as the default for any type of plot, and must be specifically referenced to display the included data. VIEW -The items in the VIEW class include view statistics. This class is not shown as the default for any type of plot, and must be specifically referenced to display the included data. MISC -The items in the MISC class include supplementary labels like /EXPANDED and Stress Section Cross Section. This class is not shown as the default for any type of plot, and must be specifically referenced to display the included data.
KEY
Switch: OFF or 0 -LEFT, RIGHT, TOP or BOTTOM -LEFT or RIGHT -Do not display the legend. If the value for Class is CNTR, these are the four acceptable values for the contour legend position. If any value other than CNTR is used for Class, these are the two acceptable values for the text data.
Notes
The legend classes conform to the controls specified in the window options panel (PlotCtrls>Window Controls>Window Options). In many instances, the legend controls specified with the /PLOPTS command will take precedence and override /UDOC specifications. For instance: /PLOPTS ,LEG1,OFF will disable the TYPE, TYP2, INUM, and MISC classes, regardless of the /UDOC settings. /PLOPTS ,LEG2,OFF will disable the VIEW class, regardless of the /UDOC settings. /PLOPTS ,LEG3,OFF will disable the PSTA class, regardless of the /UDOC settings. All items in a class are listed with the same X coordinate (except for contours). The contents of the text classes are dumped onto the display window from top to bottom, in order of class importance. The font specification for text items that are included in the user-specified legends are controlled
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U Commands with the /DEVICE command (PlotCtrls>Font Controls>Anno/Graph Font).
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The floating point values for the data presented in the legend(s) are controlled by the /GFORMAT command.
Menu Paths
Utility Menu>PlotCtrls>Style>MultiLegend Options>Contour Legend Utility Menu>PlotCtrls>Style>MultiLegend Options>Text Legend
Prev /UCMD Prev /UI U Commands
Next /UI Next
/UI
Name
/UI, Func, Type, Format, Screen, Color, Krev, Orient, Compress, Quality Activates specified GUI dialog boxes. group: SESSION:Run Controls product: MP ME ST DY PR EM FL PP ED
Funcr
Label identifying the dialog box to be activated: HELP -Activates the online help system. Valid only in non-UI graphics mode (/MENU,GRPH). VIEW -Activates the Pan, Zoom, Rotate dialog box WPSE -Activates the Working Plane Settings dialog box. WPVI -Activates the Offset Working Plane dialog box.
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U Commands RESULT -Activates the Query Picking Menu for reviewing results. QUERY -Activates the Query Picked Entities (preprocess) dialog box. COPY -Activates the Hard Copy dialog box. ANNO -Activates the 2D Annotation dialog box. AN3D -Activates the 3D Annotation dialog box. SELECT -Activates the Select Entities dialog box. NSEL -Activates a picking menu to select nodes. ESEL -Activates a picking menu to select elements. KSEL -Activates a picking menu to select keypoints. LSEL -Activates a picking menu to select lines. ASEL -Activates a picking menu to select areas. VSEL -Activates a picking menu to select volumes. REFRESH -Refreshes the graphics window (non-UI mode only). COLL -file://D:\Documents%20and%20Settings\Administrator\Local%20Settings\Temp\~hh...
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U Commands
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Controls the collapse of the ANSYS Main Menu when a FINISH command is issued. See Type below for a discussion of the arguments.
Type
Label identifying the type of select operation. Valid only for the following Func labels; NSEL, ESEL, KSEL, LSEL, ASEL, and VSEL: S -Select a new set. R -Reselect a set from the current set. A -Additionally select a set and extend the current set. U -Unselect a set from the current set. Label identifying the type of results data to be queried. Valid only for Func = RESULT: NODE -Nodal solution data (h-elements only). ELEMENT -Element solution data. GRID -Subgrid solution data (p-elements only). Label specifying the behavior of the ANSYS Main Menu after a FINISH command is issued. Note that this does not affect user interaction with the Main Menu. Valid only for Func = COLL: YES, 1 or blank -Allows the Main Menu to collapse after FINISH command. NO or 0 -Prevents Main Menu collapse after FINISH command. If Func = COPY, and `Type = SAVE, command format is /UI,Func,Type,Format,Screen,Color,Krev,Orient,Compress,Quality. The remaining fields (after Type) identify the portion of the screen, the type of file, and the method of display that the portion of the screen is to be saved as.
Format
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U Commands PSCR -Encapsulated Postscript File Format. TIFF -Tagged Image File Format. EPSI -Encapsulated Postscript with TIFF preview. BMP -(PC only) Bitmap (Windows) file format. WMF -(PC only) Windows Metafile format. EMF -(PC only) Enhanced Metafile format. JPEG -JPEG (Joint Photographic Experts Group) file format.
Screen
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FULL -Saves the entire screen in the specified format. GRAPH -Saves only the ANSYS Graphic window.
Color
MONO -A two color (black and white) file is saved. GREY -The specified file format is saved in greyscale. COLOR -The file is saved at the specified color depth.
Krev
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U Commands NORM -Saves file as shown on the screen. REVERSE -Saves file with the background color reversed.
Orient
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LANDSCAPE -Saves file in landscape mode. PORTRAIT -Saves file in portrait mode.
Compress
YES -Compresses TIFF files and EPS files w/ TIFF preview (default). NO -Saves files with no compression.
Quality
1 -100 -JPEG quality index, with 100 being the maximum quality level.
Notes
Allows you to activate specified GUI dialog boxes directly in either GUI or non-GUI mode. The /UI command itself is valid in any processor, however certain dialog boxes are accessible only in a particular processor (e.g., /UI,RESULT,... is valid only in the General Postprocessor). ANSYS JPEG software is based in part on the work of the Independent JPEG Group, Copyright 1998, Thomas G. Lane.
Menu Paths
Prev /UDOC
Next UIMP
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U Commands UIMP U Commands
Page 10 of 27
Prev
Next
UIMP
Name
UIMP, MAT, Lab1, Lab2, Lab3, VAL1, VAL2, VAL3 Defines constant material properties (GUI). group: PREP7:Materials product: MP ME ST DY PR EM FL PP ED
MAT
Material number.
Lab1, Lab2, Lab3
Material property labels (see the MP command for valid labels).

VAL1, VAL2, VAL3
Values corresponding to three labels.
Notes
Defines constant material properties. This is a command generated by the Graphical User Interface (GUI) and will appear in the log file ( Jobname.LOG) if material properties are specified using the Material Properties dialog box. This command is not intended to be typed in directly in an ANSYS session (although it can be included in an input file for batch input or for use with the /INPUT command).
Menu Paths
Prev /UI Prev /UIS U Commands
Next /UIS Next
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U Commands
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/UIS
Name
/UIS, Label, VALUE Controls the GUI behavior. group: SESSION:Run Controls product: MP ME ST DY PR EM FL PP ED
Label
Behavior control key: BORD -Controls the functionality of the mouse buttons for dynamic viewing mode only. When Label = BORD, the three values that follow control the functionality of the LEFT, MIDDLE and RIGHT buttons, respectively (see below). MSGPOP -Controls which messages from the ANSYS "error" message subroutine are displayed in a message dialog box. REPLOT -Controls whether or not an automatic replot is done after functions are executed that affect the model. ABORT -Controls whether or not ANSYS displays dialog boxes to show the status of an operation in progress and to cancel that operation. DYNA -Controls whether the dynamic mode preview is a bounding box or the edge outline of the model. This label only applies to 2-D display devices (i.e., /SHOW,XII or /SHOW,WIN32). This "model edge outline" mode is only supported in PowerGraphics [/GRAPHICS,POWER] and is intended for element, line, results, area, or volume displays. PICK -Controls how graphical entities are highlighted from within the ANSYS Select menu. POWER -Controls whether or not PowerGraphics is active when the GUI is initiated. The ANSYS
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program default status is PowerGraphics ON; this command is used (placed in the start.ans file) when full graphics is desired on start up. DPRO -Controls whether or not the ANSYS input window displays a dynamic prompt. The dynamic prompt shows the correct command syntax for the command, as you are entering it. UNDO -Controls whether or not the session editor includes nonessential commands or comments in the file it creates. You can use this option to include comments and other materials in the session editor file. LEGE -Controls whether or not the multi-legend is activated when you start the GUI. The multilegend allows you specify the location of your legend items in each of the five graphics windows. You can place this option in your start.ans file and have the GUI start with the legend items in a pre-specified location. PBAK -Controls whether or not the background shading is activated when you start the GUI. Background shading (/COLOR, PBAK,ON,1,BLUE) is the default for the ANSYS GUI. You can place this option in your start.ans file and control whether or not background shading is activated.
VALUE
Values controlling behavior if Label = BORD: (These values control the operation according to syntax : /UIS,BORD,LEFT,MIDDLE,RIGHT) 1 -PAN, controls dynamic translations. 2 -ZOOM, controls zoom, and dynamic rotation about the view vector. 3 -ROTATE, controls dynamic rotation about the screen X and Y axes.
Note
You can designate any value for any button, or designate the same value for all three buttons. If no value is specified, default is LEFT = PAN, MIDDLE = ZOOM and RIGHT = ROTATE. Values controlling behavior if Label = MSGPOP:
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U Commands 0 -All messages displayed. 1 -Only notes, warnings, and errors displayed. 2 -Only warnings and errors displayed (default). 3 -Only errors displayed. Values controlling behavior if Label = REPLOT: 0 -No automatic replot. 1 -Automatic replot (default). Values controlling behavior if Label = ABORT: ON -Display status and cancellation dialog boxes (default). OFF -Do not display status and cancellation dialog boxes. 1 -Same as ON. 0 -Same as OFF. Values controlling behavior if Label = DYNA: 0 -Use model edge outline when possible (default). 1 -Use bounding box preview. Values controlling behavior if Label = PICK: 0 -file://D:\Documents%20and%20Settings\Administrator\Local%20Settings\Temp\~hh...
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U Commands
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Picked keypoints and nodes are enclosed by a square. Picked lines are overlaid by a thicker line. Picked areas, volumes, and elements (non-point/non-line) are redrawn with highlighting colors. However, if the pick is a box, circle, or polygon pick, the highlighting for all entitles consists only of a square placed around the entity's centroid. 1 -Picked entities are not highlighted. 2 -5.1 highlighting (that is, no XOR). 3 -Picked entities are highlighted as in VALUE = 0, except that, for a box, circle, or polygon pick, the picked areas, volumes, and elements (non-point/non-line) are redrawn with highlighting colors. This technique is slower than the VALUE = 0 technique. Values controlling behavior if Label = POWER: 0 -Start GUI in Full Graphics mode. 1 -Start GUI in PowerGraphics mode (default). Values controlling behavior if Label = DPRO: 0 or OFF -Do not display the dynamic prompt. 1 or ON -Display the dynamic prompt (default). Values controlling behavior if Label = UNDO: 0 or None -Do not suppress any commands (default). 1 or Comment -Write the nonessential commands to the session editor file as comments (with a ! at the beginning). 2 or Remove -Do not write nonessential commands or comments. Values controlling behavior if Label = LEGE: 0 or OFF --
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U Commands Start GUI with the enhanced legend off (default). 1 or ON -Start GUI with the enhanced legend capability activated. Values controlling behavior if Label = PBAK: 0 or OFF -Start the GUI with the no background shading. 1 or ON -Start the GUI with background shading activated (default).
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Notes
Controls certain features of the Graphical User Interface (GUI), including whether the ANSYS program displays dialog boxes to show you the status of an operation (such as meshing or solution) in progress and to enable you to cancel that operation. Issue /UIS,STAT for current status. Issue /UIS,DEFA to reset default values for all labels. Issue /UIS,Label,STAT and /UIS,Label,DEFA for status and to reset a specific Label item. This command is valid in any processor.
Menu Paths
Utility Menu>MenuCtrls>Message Controls Utility Menu>PlotCtrls>Device Options
Prev UIMP Prev *ULIB U Commands
Next *ULIB Next
*ULIB
Name
*ULIB, Fname, Ext, Dir Identifies a macro library file. group: APDL:Macro Files product: MP ME ST DY PR EM FL PP ED
U Commands
Fname
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Ext

Dir
Command Default
No macro library file.
Notes
Identifies a macro library file for the *USE command. A library of macros allows blocks of often used ANSYS commands to be stacked and executed from a single file. The macro blocks must be enclosed within block identifier and terminator lines as shown in the example below. If you want to add comment lines to a macro block, you may place them anywhere within the macro block. (This includes placing them directly on the lines where the macro block identifier and the macro block terminator appear, as shown in the example.) Do not place comment lines (or any other lines) outside of a macro block.
ABC! Any valid alphanumeric name (8 characters maximum) ! identifying this data block ---! ANSYS data input commands ----/EOF! Terminator for this data block XYZ! Identify another data block (if desired) ---! ANSYS data input commands ----/EOF! Terminator for this data block (etc.)
The name of the macro library file is identified for reading on the *ULIB command. The name of the macro block is identified on the *USE command. The commands within the macro block are copied to a temporary file (of the macro block name) during the *USE operation and executed as if a macro file of that name had been created by the user. The temporary file is deleted after it has been used. Macro block names should be acceptable filenames (system dependent) and should not match user created macro file names, since the user macro file will be used first (if it exists) before the library file is searched. Macro blocks may be stacked in any order. Branching [*GO or *IF] external to the macro block is not allowed. This command is valid in any processor.
Menu Paths
Utility Menu>Macro>Execute Data Block
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Prev /UIS Prev UNDELETE U Commands
Next UNDELETE Next
UNDELETE
Name
UNDELETE, Option, Nstart, Nend Removes results sets from the group of sets selected for editing. group: AUX3:Binary Files product: MP ME ST DY PR EM FL PP ED
Option
Specifies which sets are to be removed from the selected sets. SET -Specifies one or more particular sets in the results file that are to be removed from the group of sets selected for deletion. ALL -Removes all selected sets that are currently selected for deletion.
Nstart
The first set to be removed from the set selected for deletion.
Nend
The final set to be removed from the set selected for deletion. This field is used only if operating on more than one sequential set.
Notes
Use this command if you have previously marked a set for deletion (with the DELETE command) and now wish to keep that set instead of deleting it.
Menu Paths
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U Commands This command cannot be accessed from a menu.
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Prev *ULIB Prev UNDO U Commands
Next UNDO Next
UNDO
Name
UNDO, Kywrd Allows the user to modify or save commands issued since the last RESUME or SAVE command. group: DATABASE: Set Up product: MP ME ST DY PR EM FL PP ED
Kywrd
NEW -Create an editable GUI window that allows the user to alter the commands issued since the most recent SAVE or RESUME operations (GUI only).
Notes
The UNDO command brings up the session editor, a text window that displays all of the program operations since the last SAVE or RESUME command. You can modify command parameters, delete whole sections of text and even save a portion of the command string to a separate file. The file is named jobnam000.cmds, with each subsequent save operation incrementing the filename by one digit. For more information on the session editor, see Using the Session Editor in the ANSYS Operations Guide.
Menu Paths
Main Menu>Preprocessor>Session Editor
Prev UNDELETE Prev /UNITS U Commands
Next /UNITS Next
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U Commands
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/UNITS
Name
/UNITS, Label Annotates the database with the system of units used. group: DATABASE:Set Up product: MP ME ST DY PR EM FL PP ED
Label
Label to denote the system of units used in this job: USER -User-defined system (default). SI -International system (SI or MKS). CGS -CGS system. BFT -British system using feet. BIN -British system using inches.
Command Default
User-defined units.
Notes
Allows the user to set a marker in the database indicating the system of units used. The setting may be reviewed with the /STATUS command at the Begin level. This "units" setting is for user convenience only, and has no effect on the analysis or data. That is, it will not convert database items from one system to another (e.g., from British to SI, etc.). The units setting will be written to the file of IGES data [IGESOUT or CDWRITE], which can then be read by many programs that read IGES files. The user must still use consistent units for the results to be valid. If you choose the MKS system of units, the EPZRO option for the EMUNIT command is set to 8.85 e-12 F/m. (EPZRO specifies alternate free-space permittivity.)
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For micro-electro mechanical systems (MEMS), where dimensions are on the order of microns, see the conversion factors in System of Units in the ANSYS Coupled-Field Analysis Guide. This command is valid in any processor.
Menu Paths
Prev UNDO Prev UPCOORD U Commands
Next UPCOORD Next
UPCOORD
Name
UPCOORD, FACTOR, Key Modifies the coordinates of the active set of nodes, based on the current displacements. group: SOLUTION:Load Step Options product: MP ME ST PR PP ED
FACTOR
Scale factor for displacements being added to nodal coordinates. If FACTOR = 1.0, the full displacement value will be added to each node, 0.5, half the displacement value will be added, etc. If FACTOR = -1, the full displacement value will be subtracted from each node, etc.
Key
Key for zeroing displacements in the database: OFF -Do not zero the displacements (default). ON -Zero the displacements.
Notes
The UPCOORD command uses displacements stored in the ANSYS database, and not those
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contained within the results file, Jobname.RST. Nodal coordinates are updated each time the command is issued. After updating, both the nodal displacements and rotations are set to zero if Key = ON. For structural solutions with an updated mesh, unless the coefficient matrix is otherwise reformed (e.g., a new analysis or NLGEOM,ON) it should first be reformed by issuing a KUSE ,-1 command. For a multiphysics simulation where a CFD or electromagnetic field is being coupled to a structure undergoing large displacements, all (or a portion) of the surrounding field mesh may take part in the structural solution to "move" with the displacing structure. You can use the UPCOORD command with a suitable FACTOR to update the coordinates of the nodes using the newly computed displacements. The mesh will now conform with the displaced structure for subsequent field solutions. However, the mesh should always be restored to its original location by using an UPCOORD,-FACTOR command before performing any subsequent structural solutions. This is true for both repeated linear solutions, and for nonlinear restarts. (All saved displacements are relative to the original mesh location.) This command is not intended to replace either the large displacement or birth and death logic. This command is also valid in PREP7.
Menu Paths
Main Menu>Preprocessor>Loads>Other>Updt Node Coord Main Menu>Solution>Other>Updt Node Coord
Prev /UNITS Prev UPGEOM U Commands
Next UPGEOM Next
UPGEOM
Name
UPGEOM, FACTOR, LSTEP, SBSTEP, Fname, Ext, Dir Adds displacements from a previous analysis and updates the geometry of the finite element model to the deformed configuration. group: PREP7:Elements product: MP ME ST DY PR EM FL PP ED
FACTOR
Multiplier for displacements being added to coordinates. The value 1.0 will add the full value
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U Commands of the displacements to the geometry of the finite element model. Defaults to 1.0.
LSTEP
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Load step number of data to be imported. Defaults to the last load step.
SBSTEP
Substep number of data to be imported. Defaults to the last substep.

Fname
File name (32 characters maximum). The field must be input (no default).
Ext
Filename extension (8 character maximum). The extension must be an RST extension.

Dir
Notes
This command updates the geometry of the finite element model according to the displacement results of the previous analysis and creates a revised geometry at the deformed configuration. This command works on all nodes (default) or on a selected set of nodes. If this command is issued repeatedly, it creates a revised geometry of the finite element model in a cumulative fashion, i.e., it adds displacement results on the previously generated deformed geometry. The solid model geometry is not updated by this command.
Menu Paths
Main Menu>Preprocessor>Update Geom
Prev UPCOORD Prev *USE U Commands
Next *USE Next
*USE
Name
U Commands
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*USE, Name, ARG1, ARG2, ARG3, ARG4, ARG5, ARG6, ARG7, ARG8, ARG9, AR10, AR11, AR12, AR13, AR14, AG15, AR16, AR17, AR18 Executes a macro file. group: APDL:Macro Files product: MP ME ST DY PR EM FL PP ED
Name
Name (32 characters maximum, beginning with a letter) identifying the macro file or a macro block on a macro library file.
ARG1, ARG2, ARG3, ARG4, ARG5, ARG6, ARG7, ARG8, ARG9, AR10, AR11, AR12, AR13, AR14, AG15, AR16, AR17, AR18
Values passed into the file or block where the parameters ARG1 through ARG9 and AR10 through AR18 are referenced. Values may be numbers, alphanumeric character strings (up to 8 characters enclosed in single quotes), parameters (numeric or character) or parametric expressions. See below for additional details.
Notes
Causes execution of a macro file called Name, or, if not found, a macro block "Name" on the macro library file [*ULIB]. Argument values (numeric or character) are passed into the file or block and substituted for local parameters ARG1, ARG2,..., AR18. The file Name may also be executed as an "unknown command" (i.e., without the *USE command name) as described below. A macro is a sequence of ANSYS commands (as many as needed) recorded in a file or in a macro block in a library file (specified with the *ULIB command). The file or block is typically executed with the *USE command. In addition to command, numerical and alphanumeric data, the macro may include parameters which will be assigned numerical or alphanumerical character values when the macro is used. Use of the macro may be repeated (within a do-loop, for example) with the parameters incremented. A macro is defined within a run by "enclosing" a sequence of data input commands between a *CREATE and a *END command. The data input commands are passive (not executed) while being written to the macro file. The macro file (without *CREATE and *END ) can also be created external to ANSYS. Up to 99 specially named scalar parameters called ARG1 to AR99 are locally available to each macro. Note that the prefix for the first 9 parameters is "ARG," while the prefix for the last 90 is "AR." A local parameter is one which is not affected by, nor does it affect, other parameters, even those of the same name, which are used outside of the macro. The only way a local parameter can affect, or be affected by, parameters outside the macro is if values are passed out of, or into, the macro by an argument list. Parameters ARG1 through AR18 can have their values (numeric or character) passed via the argument list on the *USE command (ARG1 through AR19 can be passed as arguments on the "unknown command" macro). Parameters AR19 through AR99 (AR20 through AR99 in the "unknown command" macro) are available solely for use within the macro; they cannot be passed via an argument list. Local parameters are available to do-loops and to /INPUT files processed within the macro. In addition to an ARG1 --AR99 set for each macro, another ARG1 -AR99 set is available external to all macros, local to "non-macro" space. A macro is exited after its last line is executed. Macros may be nested (such as a *USE or an file://D:\Documents%20and%20Settings\Administrator\Local%20Settings\Temp\~hh... 20.05.2004
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"unknown command" within a macro). Each nested macro has its own set of 99 local parameters. Only one set of local parameters can be active at a time and that is the set corresponding to the macro currently being executed or to the set external to all macros (if any). When a nested macro completes execution, the previous set of local parameters once again becomes available. Use *STATUS,ARGX to view current macro parameter values. An alternate way of executing a macro file is via the "unknown command" route. If a command unknown to the ANSYS program is entered, a search for a file of that name (plus a .MAC suffix) is made. If the file exists, it is executed, if not, the "unknown command" message is output. Thus, users can write their own commands in terms of other ANSYS commands. The procedure is similar to issuing the *USE command with the unknown command in the Name field. For example, the command CMD,10,20,30 is internally similar to *USE,CMD,10,20,30. The macro file named CMD.MAC will be executed with the three parameters. The *USE macro description also applies to the "unknown command" macro, except that various directories are searched and a suffix ( .MAC) is assumed. Also, a macro library file is not searched. A three-level directory search for the "unknown command" macro file may be available (see the ANSYS Operations Guide). The search order may be: 1) a high-level system directory, 2) the login directory, and 3) the local (working) directory. Use the /PSEARCH command to change the directory search path. For an "unknown command" CMD, the first file named CMD.MAC found to exist in the search order will be executed. The command may be input as upper or lower case, however, it is converted to upper case before the file name search occurs. On systems that uniquely support both upper and lower case file names, the file with the matching lower case name will be used if it exists, otherwise, the file with the matching upper case name will be used. Note, since undocumented commands exist in the ANSYS program, the user should issue the command intended for the macro file name to be sure the "unknown command" message is output in the processor where it's to be used. If the macro is to be used in other processors, the other processors must also be checked. This command is valid in any processor.
Menu Paths
Utility Menu>Macro>Execute Data Block
Prev UPGEOM Prev /USER U Commands
Next /USER Next
/USER
Name
/USER, WN Conveniently resets /FOCUS and /DIST to USER. group: GRAPHICS:Views product: MP ME ST DY PR EM FL PP ED file://D:\Documents%20and%20Settings\Administrator\Local%20Settings\Temp\~hh... 20.05.2004
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WN
Notes
Conveniently resets scale parameters to USER on the /FOCUS and /DIST commands. Scale parameters will be internally respecified to those used for the last display. Convenient when the last scale parameters were automatically calculated. User specified parameters hold until changed or removed [/AUTO]. Parameters may be reset on the individual commands after this command has been issued. This command is valid in any processor.
Menu Paths
Utility Menu>PlotCtrls>View Settings>Automatic Fit Mode
Prev *USE Prev USRCAL U Commands
Next USRCAL Next
USRCAL
Name
USRCAL, Rnam1, Rnam2, Rnam3, Rnam4, Rnam5, Rnam6, Rnam7, Rnam8, Rnam9 Allows usersolution subroutines to be activated or deactivated. group: SOLUTION:Load Step Options product: MP ME ST PP
Rnam1, Rnam2, Rnam3, Rnam4, Rnam5, Rnam6, Rnam7, Rnam8, Rnam9
--
User-defined solution subroutine names to be activated. Up to nine may be defined on one command or multiple commands may be used. If Rnam1 = ALL, activate all valid user subroutines. If Rnam1 = NONE, deactivate all valid user subroutines. All characters are required: USREFL -Allows user defined scalar field (body force) loads. file://D:\Documents%20and%20Settings\Administrator\Local%20Settings\Temp\~hh... 20.05.2004
U Commands USERCV -Allows user defined convection (surface) loads. USERPR -Allows user defined pressure (surface) loads. USERFX -Allows user-defined heat flux (surface) loads. USERCH -Allows user-defined charge density (surface) loads. USERFD --
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Computes the complex load vector for the frequency domain logic (PIPE59). USEROU -Allows user supplied element output. USERMC -Allows user control of the hygrothermal growth (SHELL91). USOLBEG -Allows user access before each solution. ULDBEG -Allows user access before each load step. USSBEG -Allows user access before each substep. UITBEG -Allows user access before each equilibrium iteration. UITFIN -Allows user access after each equilibrium iteration. USSFIN -Allows user access after each substep. ULDFIN -file://D:\Documents%20and%20Settings\Administrator\Local%20Settings\Temp\~hh... 20.05.2004
U Commands Allows user access after each load step. USOLFIN -Allows user access after each solution. UANBEG -Allows user access at start of ANSYS run. UANFIN -Allows user access at end of ANSYS run. UELMATX -Allows user access to element matrices and load vectors.
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Command Default
No user-solution subroutines are active (even if linked into the program).
Notes
Allows certain user-solution subroutines to be activated or deactivated (system-dependent). This command only affects the subroutines named. Other user subroutines (such as user elements, user creep, etc.) have their own activation controls described with the feature. The routines are commented and should be listed from the distribution media (system-dependent) for more details. See also the ANSYS Advanced Analysis Techniques Guide for a general description of user-programmable features. Users must have system permission, system access, and knowledge to write, compile, and link the appropriate subroutines into the ANSYS program at the site where it is to be run. All routines should be written in FORTRAN 77. Issue USRCAL,STAT to list the status of these user subroutines. Since a user-programmed subroutine is a non-standard use of the program, the verification of any ANSYS run incorporating these commands is entirely up to the user. In any contact with ANSYS customer support regarding the performance of a custom version of the ANSYS program, you should explicitly state that a user programmable feature has been used. This command is also valid in PREP7.
Menu Paths
Main Menu>Preprocessor>Loads>Other>User Routines Main Menu>Solution>Other>User Routines
Prev /USER
Next V Commands
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V Commands V Commands ANSYS Commands Reference
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Prev
Next
V Commands
Table of Contents V V2DOPT VA *VABS VADD VALVE VARDEL VARNAM VATT VCLEAR *VCOL /VCONE VCROSS *VCUM VCVFILL VDDAM VDELE VDGL VDOT VDRAG *VEDIT VEXT *VFACT VFCALC *VFILL *VFUN VFOPT VFQUERY VGEN VGET *VGET VGLUE /VIEW VIMP VINP VINV *VITRP *VLEN VLIST VLSCALE *VMASK VMESH VOFFST
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V Commands VOLUMES *VOPER VOVLAP VPLOT *VPLOT VPTN VPUT *VPUT *VREAD VROTAT VSBA VSBV VSBW /VSCALE *VSCFUN VSEL VSLA *VSTAT VSUM VSWEEP VSYMM VTRAN VTYPE /VUP *VWRITE
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Prev USRCAL Prev V V Commands
Next V Next
V
Name
V, P1, P2, P3, P4, P5, P6, P7, P8 Defines a volume through keypoints. group: PREP7:Volumes product: MP ME ST DY PR EM EH FL PP ED
P1
Keypoint defining starting corner of volume. If P1 = P, graphical picking is enabled and all remaining command fields are ignored (valid only in the GUI).
P2
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V Commands Keypoint defining second corner of volume.

P3
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Keypoint defining third corner of volume.

P4
Keypoint defining fourth corner of volume.

P5
Keypoint defining fifth corner of volume.

P6
Keypoint defining sixth corner of volume.

P7
Keypoint defining seventh corner of volume.

P8
Keypoint defining eighth corner of volume.
Notes
Defines a volume (and its corresponding lines and areas) through eight (or fewer) existing keypoints. Keypoints must be input in a continuous order. The order of the keypoints should be around the bottom and then the top. Missing lines are generated "straight" in the active coordinate system and assigned the lowest available numbers [NUMSTR]. Missing areas are generated and assigned the lowest available numbers.
Note
Solid modeling in a toroidal coordinate system is not recommended. Certain faces may be condensed to a line or point by repeating keypoints. For example, use V,P1,P2,P3,P3,P5,P6,P7,P7 for a triangular prism or V,P1,P2,P3,P3,P5,P5,P5,P5 for a tetrahedron. See SOLID45 in the ANSYS Elements Reference for analogous element sketches of the valid condensed face patterns.)
Menu Paths
Main Menu>Preprocessor>Create>Arbitrary>Through KPs
Prev V Commands V2DOPT
Next V2DOPT
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V Commands Prev V Commands
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V2DOPT
Name
V2DOPT, GEOM, NDIV, HIDOPT, NZONE Specifies 2-D/axisymmetric view factor calculation options. group: SOLUTION:Radiosity product: MP ME PR PP ED
GEOM
Choice of geometry: 0 -Planar (default). 1 -Axisymmetric

NDIV
Number of divisions for axisymmetric geometry. Defaults to 20.

HIDOPT
Viewing option: 0 -Hidden (default). 1 -Non-hidden

NZONE
Number of zones for view factor calculation. Defaults to 200.
Command Default
V2DOPT allows you to select options for 2D view factor calculation. The geomentry type can be set to either 2D plane or axisymmetric (defaults to plane). You can also define the number of divisions (defaults to 20) for an axisymmetric geometry. This command also allows you to select either hidden file://D:\Documents%20and%20Settings\Administrator\Local%20Settings\Temp\~hh... 20.05.2004
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or non-hidden viewing option (defaults to hidden) and the number of zones for view factor calculation (defaults to 200).
Menu Paths
Prev V Prev VA V Commands
Next VA Next
VA
Name
VA, A1, A2, A3, A4, A5, A6, A7, A8, A9, A10 Generates a volume bounded by existing areas. group: PREP7:Volumes product: MP ME ST DY PR EM EH FL PP ED
A1, A2, A3, A4, A5, A6, A7, A8, A9, A10
List of areas defining volume. The minimum number of areas is 4. If A1 = ALL, use all selected [ASEL] areas and ignore A2 to A10. If A1 = P, graphical picking is enabled and all remaining command fields are ignored (valid only in the GUI). A component name may also be substituted for A1.
Notes
This command conveniently allows generating volumes from regions having more than eight keypoints (which is not allowed with the V command). Areas may be input in any order. The exterior surface of a VA volume must be continuous, but holes may pass completely through it.
Menu Paths
Main Menu>Preprocessor>Create>Arbitrary>By Areas Main Menu>Preprocessor>Create>Volume by Areas Main Menu>Preprocessor>Geom Repair>Create Volume
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Prev V2DOPT Prev *VABS V Commands
Next *VABS Next
*VABS
Name
*VABS , KABSR, KABS1, KABS2, KABS3 Applies the absolute value function to array parameters. group: APDL:Array Parameters product: MP ME ST DY PR EM FL PP ED
KABSR
Absolute value of results parameter: 0 -Do not take absolute value of results parameter (ParR). 1 -Take absolute value.
KABS1
Absolute value of first parameter: 0 -Do not take absolute value of first parameter (Par1 or ParI). 1 -Take absolute value.
KABS2
Absolute value of second parameter: 0 -Do not take absolute value of second parameter (Par2 or ParJ). 1 --
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V Commands Take absolute value.

KABS3
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Absolute value of third parameter: 0 -Do not take absolute value of third parameter (Par3 or ParK). 1 -Take absolute value.
Command Default
Do not use absolute values.
Notes
Applies an absolute value to parameters used in certain *VXX and *MXX operations. Typical absolute value applications are of the form: ParR = |f(|Par1|)| or ParR = |(|Par1| o |Par2|)| The absolute values are applied to each input parameter value before the operation and to the result value after the operation. Absolute values are applied before the scale factors so that negative scale factors may be used. The absolute value settings are reset to the default (no absolute value) after each *VXX or *MXX operation. Use *VSTAT to list settings. This command is valid in any processor.
Menu Paths
Utility Menu>Parameters>Array Operations>Operation Settings
Prev VA Prev VADD V Commands
Next VADD Next
VADD
Name
V Commands
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VADD, NV1, NV2, NV3, NV4, NV5, NV6, NV7, NV8, NV9 Adds separate volumes to create a single volume. group: PREP7:Booleans product: MP ME ST DY PR EM EH FL PP ED
NV1, NV2, NV3, NV4, NV5, NV6, NV7, NV8, NV9
Numbers of volumes to be added. If NV1 = ALL, add all selected volumes and ignore NV2 to NV9. If NV1 = P, graphical picking is enabled and all remaining command fields are ignored (valid only in the GUI). A component name may also be substituted for NV1.
Notes
Adds separate volumes to create a single volume. The original volumes (and their corresponding areas, lines and keypoints) will be deleted by default [BOPTN]. See the BOPTN command for the options available to Boolean operations. Element attributes and solid model boundary conditions assigned to the original entities will not be transferred to the new entities generated. Concatenated entities are not valid with this command.
Menu Paths
Main Menu>Preprocessor>Operate>Add>Volumes Main Menu>Preprocessor>Operate>Volumes
Prev *VABS Prev VALVE V Commands
Next VALVE Next
VALVE
Name
VALVE, NLOC, LENG, MASS, SIF, FLEX, ARINS, ELEM Defines a valve in a piping run. group: PREP7:Piping product: MP ME ST PR PP ED
NLOC
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Node where valve is to be placed (as described below). Defaults to current run starting point.
LENG
Length of valve (defaults to larger pipe OD).

MASS
Dry mass (weight/gravity) of valve without insulation (defaults to equivalent straight pipe mass). Note, acceleration [ACEL ] must be nonzero for weight to be calculated.
SIF
Stress intensification factor (defaults to 1.0).

FLEX

ARINS
Insulation surface area (defaults to equivalent straight pipe insulation area). Units (length 2) must be consistent with the smallest unit of the system used (not mixed) regardless of the PUNIT option.
ELEM
Element number to be assigned to valve (defaults to the previous maximum element number (MAXEL) + 1).
Notes
Defines a valve (straight pipe element (PIPE16) with adjusted specifications and loadings) at a given location in a piping run. See the PREP7 RUN command. The location may be 1) between two adjacent colinear straight pipes, 2) between an adjacent straight pipe and a different piping component, or 3) at the end of a straight pipe. For Case 1, two new nodes are generated at the ends of the valve. The two straight pipes are automatically "shortened" to meet the ends of the valve. The valve specifications and loadings are taken from the corresponding two straight pipes. For Case 2, one new node is generated at one end of the valve. The straight pipe is automatically "shortened" to meet this end of the valve. The other end of the valve meets the other piping component. The valve specifications and loadings are taken from the straight pipe. For Case 3, one new node is generated at the free end of the valve. The other end of the valve meets the straight pipe. The valve specifications and loadings are taken from the straight pipe.
Menu Paths
Main Menu>Preprocessor>Create>Piping Models>Valve
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Prev VADD Prev VARDEL V Commands
Next VARDEL Next
VARDEL
Name
VARDEL , NVAR Deletes a variable (GUI). group: POST26:Set Up product: MP ME ST DY PR EM FL PP ED
NVAR
The reference number of the variable to be deleted. NVAR is as defined by NSOL , ESOL, etc.
Notes
Deletes a POST26 solution results variable. This is a command generated by the Graphical User Interface (GUI). It will appear in the log file (Jobname.LOG) if a POST26 variable is deleted from the "Defined Time-History Variables" dialog box. This command is not intended to be typed in directly in an ANSYS session (although it can be included in an input file for batch input or for use with the /INPUT command).
Menu Paths
Prev VALVE Prev VARNAM V Commands
Next VARNAM Next
VARNAM
Name
V Commands VARNAM, IR, Name Names (or renames) a variable. group: POST26:Set Up product: MP ME ST DY PR EM FL PP ED
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IR
Reference number of the variable (2 to NV [NUMVAR]).

Name
Thirty-two character name for identifying variable on printouts and displays. Embedded blanks are compressed for output.
Menu Paths
Main Menu>TimeHist Postpro>Settings>Graph Main Menu>TimeHist Postpro>Settings>List
Prev VARDEL Prev VATT V Commands
Next VATT Next
VATT
Name
VATT, MAT, REAL, TYPE, ESYS Associates element attributes with the selected, unmeshed volumes. group: PREP7:Meshing product: MP ME ST DY PR EM FL PP ED
MAT, REAL, TYPE, ESYS
Material number, real constant set number, type number, and coordinate system number to be associated with selected, unmeshed volumes.
Notes
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These element attributes will be used when the volumes are meshed. If a volume does not have attributes associated with it (by this command) at the time it is meshed, the attributes are obtained from the then current MAT, REAL, TYPE, and ESYS command settings. Reissue the VATT command (before volumes are meshed) to change the attributes. A zero (or blank) argument removes the corresponding association. If any of the arguments MAT, REAL, TYPE, or ESYS are defined as -1, then that value will be left unchanged in the selected set. In some cases, ANSYS can proceed with a volume meshing operation even when no logical element type has been assigned via VATT,,,TYPE or TYPE. For more information, see the discussion on setting element attributes in Meshing Your Solid Model of the ANSYS Modeling and Meshing Guide.
Menu Paths
Main Menu>Preprocessor>Define>All Volumes Main Menu>Preprocessor>Define>Picked Volumes
Prev VARNAM Prev VCLEAR V Commands
Next VCLEAR Next
VCLEAR
Name
VCLEAR, NV1, NV2, NINC Deletes nodes and volume elements associated with selected volumes. group: PREP7:Meshing product: MP ME ST DY PR EM FL PP ED
NV1, NV2, NINC
Delete mesh for volumes NV1 to NV2 (defaults to NV1) in steps of NINC (defaults to 1). If NV1 = ALL, NV2 and NINC are ignored and mesh for all selected volumes [VSEL] is deleted. If NV1 = P, graphical picking is enabled and all remaining command fields are ignored (valid only in the GUI). A component name may also be substituted for NV1 (NV2 and NINC are ignored).
Notes
Deletes all nodes and volume elements associated with selected volumes (regardless of whether the nodes or elements are selected). Nodes shared by adjacent meshed volumes and nodes associated with non-volume elements will not be deleted. Attributes assigned as a result of VATT are file://D:\Documents%20and%20Settings\Administrator\Local%20Settings\Temp\~hh... 20.05.2004
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maintained. In the program's response to the command, if a volume, area, line, or keypoint is tallied as "cleared," it means either its node or element reference was deleted.
Menu Paths
Main Menu>Preprocessor>Clear>Volumes
Prev VATT Prev *VCOL V Commands
Next *VCOL Next
*VCOL
Name
*VCOL, NCOL1, NCOL2 Specifies the number of columns in matrix operations. group: APDL:Array Parameters product: MP ME ST DY PR EM FL PP ED
NCOL1
Number of columns to be used for Par1 with *MXX operations. Defaults to whatever is needed to fill the result array.
NCOL2
Number of columns to be used for Par2 with *MXX operations. Defaults to whatever is needed to fill the result array.
Command Default
Fill all locations of the result array from the specified starting location.
Notes
Specifies the number of columns to be used in array parameter matrix operations. The size of the submatrix used is determined from the upper left starting array element (defined on the operation command) to the lower right array element (defined by the number of columns on this command and the number of rows on the *VLEN command). The default NCOL is calculated from the maximum number of columns of the result array (the *DIM column dimension) minus the starting location + 1. For example, *DIM,R,,1,10 and a starting file://D:\Documents%20and%20Settings\Administrator\Local%20Settings\Temp\~hh... 20.05.2004
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location of R(1,7) gives a default of 4 columns ( starting with R(1,7), R(1,8), R(1,9), and R(1,10)). Repeat operations automatically terminate at the last column of the result array. Existing values in the rows and columns of the results matrix remain unchanged where not overwritten by the requested input or operation values. The column control settings are reset to the defaults after each *MXX operation. Use *VSTAT to list settings. This command is valid in any processor.
Menu Paths
Prev VCLEAR Prev /VCONE V Commands
Next /VCONE Next
/VCONE
Name
/VCONE, WN, PHI Defines the view cone angle for perspective displays. group: GRAPHICS:Views product: MP ME ST DY PR EM FL PP ED
WN

PHI
View cone angle (0.0 to 85. ) to define perspective. Use PHI = 45.0 for typical perspective. Increase angle for more perspective, decrease angle for less. If the distance [/DIST] is not specified, it will be automatically calculated to give full window magnification. If the distance is also specified, PHI controls both the perspective and the magnification. The larger the angle, the more the perspective and the less the magnification. Defaults to 0.0 (no perspective).
Command Default
0.0 degrees (no perspective (parallel projection)).
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Notes
Perspective shows the true depth of the object in the display. A variable magnification results since the back plane of the object is further from the observer than the front plane. The largest magnification occurs at the front plane. With perspective, the magnification factor (MAGF) is not only a function of the distance from the object, but also the window shape and the perspective (or view cone) angle as follows:
where , for square windows, is the largest in-plane vertical or horizontal dimension, d is the distance from the observer to the plane of (usually the front plane of the object), and is the view cone angle (defined with the/VCONE command). The bigger the cone angle, the more the perspective. The magnification factor proportionally decreases with increasing . The distance can be defined with the /DIST or the /FOCUS command. Note, the distance input on the /DIST command is equal to d only if the focus point is located on the plane of . It is recommended that if a general perspective is desired (i.e., not any specific cone angle), use = 45.0 (since TAN(45.0) = 1.0) and let the d value be automatically calculated for full window magnification. Note that any number of /DIST, /FOCUS , and /VCONE combinations can be used to produce the same magnification. Distances less than the object depth will produce views from within the object. A magnification factor of 1.0 just fills the window. If the automatic scaling option is used [/AUTO], the magnification factor is fixed at 0.91 (to allow a 10% margin around the object) and d is automatically calculated for the given /VCONE and /FOCUS values. Any value of between 0.0 and 85.0 (usually 45.0) may be used to activate the perspective. Views from inside the object are not possible when d is automatically calculated (use manual scaling [/USER] along with /DIST specification). This command is valid in any processor.
Menu Paths
Utility Menu>PlotCtrls>View Settings>Perspective View
Prev *VCOL Prev VCROSS V Commands
Next VCROSS Next
VCROSS
Name
VCROSS, LabXR, LabYR, LabZR, LabX1, LabY1, LabZ1, LabX2, LabY2, LabZ2 Forms element table items from the cross product of two vectors.
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V Commands group: POST1:Element Table product: MP ME ST DY PR EM FL PP ED
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LabXR, LabYR, LabZR
Label assigned to X, Y, and Z-component of resultant vector.

LabX1, LabY1, LabZ1
X, Y, and Z-component of first vector label.

LabX2, LabY2, LabZ2
X, Y, and Z-component of second vector label.
Notes
Forms labeled result items for the selected element from the cross product of two vectors: {LabXR, LabYR, LabZR} = {LabX1, LabY1, LabZ1} X {LabX2, LabY2, LabZ2} Data must be in a consistent coordinate system. Labels are those associated with the ETABLE command.
Menu Paths
Main Menu>General Postproc>Element Table>Cross Product
Prev /VCONE Prev *VCUM V Commands
Next *VCUM Next
*VCUM
Name
*VCUM, KEY Allows array parameter results to add to existing results. group: APDL:Array Parameters product: MP ME ST DY PR EM FL PP ED
V Commands
KEY
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Accumulation key: 0 -Overwrite results. 1 -Add results to the current value of the results parameter.
Command Default
Overwrite results.
Notes
Allows results from certain *VXX and *MXX operations to overwrite or add to existing results. The cumulative operation is of the form: ParR = ParR + ParR(Previous) The cumulative setting is reset to the default (overwrite) after each *VXX or *MXX operation. Use *VSTAT to list settings. This command is valid in any processor.
Menu Paths
Prev VCROSS Prev VCVFILL V Commands
Next VCVFILL Next
VCVFILL
Name
VCVFILL, A1, A2, A3, A4, A5, A6, A7, A9, A9, A10 Fills cavities and bosses in volumes (for models imported from CAD files). group: PREP7:CAD Repair product: MP ME ST DY PR EM EH FL PP ED
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A1, A2, A3, A4, A5, A6, A7, A9, A9, A10
List of areas that define the volume. If A1 = P, graphical picking is enabled and all remaining arguments are ignored (valid only in the GUI). If A1 = ALL, all selected areas will be used and all remaining arguments are ignored.
Notes
Use this command to fill in holes and cavities or eliminate protrusions (bosses) in models imported from CAD files. In essence, this command removes features projecting above or below a plane, such as bosses and cavities. This command is available only for models imported through the Default IGES option. You must select all areas related to the feature before it can be eliminated, and the order in which those areas are selected can be important. If the boss or cavity is an isolated entity, the area selection order does not matter. However, if the boss or cavity is attached to an area, that area must be the last area selected in the list. If the attached area is not the last area in the selection list the command may distort the geometry of the model.
Menu Paths
Main Menu>Preprocessor>Simplify>Fill Cavity Main Menu>Preprocessor>Simplify>Remove Boss
Prev *VCUM Prev VDDAM V Commands
Next VDDAM Next
VDDAM
Name
VDDAM, VF, VA, VB, VC Specifies the velocity spectrum computation constants for the analysis of shock resistance of shipboard structures. group: SOLUTION:Spectrum Options product: MP ME ST PP ED
VF
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Direction-dependent velocity coefficient for elastic or elastic-plastic analysis option (Default = 0).
VA, VB, VC
Coefficients for the DDAM velocity spectrum equations. See the ANSYS, Inc. Theory Reference. Default for these coefficients is zero.
Notes
This command specifies velocity coefficients to analyze shock resistance of shipboard equipment. These coefficients are used to compute mode coefficients according to the equations given in the ANSYS, Inc. Theory Reference. The form of these equations is based on the Naval NRL Dynamic Design Analysis Method. This command, along with the ADDAM and SED commands, is used with the spectrum (ANTYPE,SPECTR) analysis as a special purpose alternative to the SV, FREQ, and SVTYP commands. The mass and length units of the model must be in pounds and inches, respectively. This command is also valid in PREP7.
Menu Paths
Main Menu>Preprocessor>Loads>Spectrum>DDAM Options Main Menu>Solution>Spectrum>DDAM Options
Prev VCVFILL Prev VDELE V Commands
Next VDELE Next
VDELE
Name
VDELE, NV1, NV2, NINC, KSWP Deletes unmeshed volumes. group: PREP7:Volumes product: MP ME ST DY PR EM FL PP ED
NV1, NV2, NINC
Delete volumes from NV1 to NV2 (defaults to NV1) in steps of NINC (defaults to 1). If NV1 = ALL, NV2 and NINC are ignored and all selected volumes [VSEL] are deleted. If NV1 = P, graphical picking is enabled and all remaining command fields are ignored (valid only in the file://D:\Documents%20and%20Settings\Administrator\Local%20Settings\Temp\~hh... 20.05.2004
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GUI). A component name may also be substituted for NV1 (NV2 and NINC are ignored).
KSWP
Specifies whether keypoints, lines, and areas are also deleted: 0 -Delete volumes only (default). 1 -Delete volumes, as well as keypoints, lines, and areas attached to the specified volumes but not shared by other volumes.
Menu Paths
Main Menu>Preprocessor>Delete>Volume and Below Main Menu>Preprocessor>Delete>Volumes Only Main Menu>Preprocessor>Trefftz Domain>Delete>Volume and Below Main Menu>Preprocessor>Trefftz Domain>Delete>Volumes Only
Prev VDDAM Prev VDGL V Commands
Next VDGL Next
VDGL
Name
VDGL, NV1, NV2, NINC Lists keypoints of a volume that lie on a parametric degeneracy. group: PREP7:Volumes product: MP ME ST DY PR EM FL PP ED
NV1, NV2, NINC
List keypoints that lie on a parametric degeneracy on volumes from NV1 to NV2 (defaults to NV1) in steps of NINC (defaults to 1). If NV1 = ALL (default), NV2 and NINC will be ignored and keypoints on all selected volumes [VSEL] will be listed. If NV1 = P, graphical picking is enabled and all remaining command fields are ignored (valid only in the GUI). You may also substitute a component name for NV1 (ignore NV2 and NINC).
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Notes
See the ANSYS Modeling and Meshing Guide for details about parametric degeneracies. This command is valid in any processor.
Menu Paths
Main Menu>Preprocessor>Check Geom>Show Degeneracy>List Degen Volus Main Menu>Preprocessor>Operate>Show Degeneracy>List Degen Volus
Prev VDELE Prev VDOT V Commands
Next VDOT Next
VDOT
Name
VDOT, LabR, LabX1, LabY1, LabZ1, LabX2, LabY2, LabZ2 Forms an element table item from the dot product of two vectors. group: POST1:Element Table product: MP ME ST DY PR EM FL PP ED
LabR
Label assigned to dot product result.

LabX1, LabY1, LabZ1
X, Y, and Z-component of first vector label.

LabX2, LabY2, LabZ2
X, Y, and Z-component of second vector label.
Notes
Forms labeled result items for the selected element from the dot product of two vectors:
LabR
= {LabX1, LabY1, LabZ1}
{LabX2, LabY2, LabZ2}
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Data must be in a consistent coordinate system. Labels are those associated with the ETABLE command.
Menu Paths
Main Menu>General Postproc>Element Table>Dot Product
Prev VDGL Prev VDRAG V Commands
Next VDRAG Next
VDRAG
Name
VDRAG, NA1, NA2, NA3, NA4, NA5, NA6, NLP1, NLP2, NLP3, NLP4, NLP5, NLP6 Generates volumes by dragging an area pattern along a path. group: PREP7:Volumes product: MP ME ST DY PR EM EH FL PP ED
NA1, NA2, NA3, NA4, NA5, NA6
List of areas in the pattern to be dragged (6 maximum if using keyboard entry). If NA1 = P, graphical picking is enabled and all remaining command fields are ignored (valid only in the GUI). If NA1 = ALL, all selected areas will be swept along the path. A component name may also be substituted for NA1.
NLP1, NLP2, NLP3, NLP4, NLP5, NLP6
List of lines defining the path along which the pattern is to be dragged (6 maximum if using keyboard entry). Must be a continuous set of lines. To be continuous, adjacent lines must share the connecting keypoint (the end keypoint of one line must also be first keypoint of the next line).
Notes
Generates volumes (and their corresponding keypoints, lines, and areas) by sweeping a given area pattern along a characteristic drag path. If the drag path consists of multiple lines, the drag direction is determined by the sequence in which the path lines are input ( NLP1, NLP2, etc.). If the drag path is a single line ( NLP1), the drag direction is from the keypoint on the drag line that is closest to the first keypoint of the given area pattern to the other end of the drag line.
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The magnitude of the vector between the keypoints of the given pattern and the first path keypoint remains constant for all generated keypoint patterns and the path keypoints. The direction of the vector relative to the path slope also remains constant so that patterns may be swept around curves. Lines are generated with the same shapes as the given pattern and the path lines. Keypoint, line, area, and volume numbers are automatically assigned (beginning with the lowest available values [NUMSTR]). Adjacent lines use a common keypoint, adjacent areas use a common line, and adjacent volumes use a common area. For best results, the entities to be dragged should be orthogonal to the start of the drag path. Drag operations that produce an error message may create some of the desired entities prior to terminating. If element attributes have been associated with the input area via the AATT command, the opposite area generated by the VDRAG operation will also have those attributes (i.e., the element attributes from the input area are copied to the opposite area). Note that only the area opposite the input area will have the same attributes as the input area; the areas adjacent to the input area will not. If the input areas are meshed or belong to a meshed volume, the area(s) can be extruded to a 3-D mesh. Note that the NDIV argument of the ESIZE command should be set before extruding the meshed areas. Alternatively, mesh divisions can be specified directly on the drag line(s) (LESIZE). See the ANSYS Modeling and Meshing Guide for more information.
Menu Paths
Main Menu>Preprocessor>Operate>Extrude>Along Lines
Prev VDOT Prev *VEDIT V Commands
Next *VEDIT Next
*VEDIT
Name
*VEDIT, Par Allows numerical array parameters to be graphically edited. group: APDL:Array Parameters product: MP ME ST DY PR EM FL PP ED
Par
Name of the array parameter to be edited.
Notes
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Invokes a graphical editing system that displays array parameter values in matrix form, and allows the use of the mouse to edit individual values. The starting array subscripts must be defined, such as *VEDIT,A(4,6,1), to indicate the section of the array to be edited. The array section starts at the specified array element and continues to the maximum extent of the array parameter. The menu system must be on [/MENU] when this command is issued. Graphical editing is not available for character array parameters. The *VEDIT command can not be used in a macro or other secondary input file. This command is valid in any processor.
Menu Paths
Utility Menu>Parameters>Array Parameters>Define/Edit
Prev VDRAG Prev VEXT V Commands
Next VEXT Next
VEXT
Name
VEXT, NA1, NA2, NINC , DX, DY, DZ, RX, RY, RZ Generates additional volumes by extruding areas. group: PREP7:Volumes product: MP ME ST DY PR EM EH FL PP ED
NA1, NA2, NINC
Set of areas ( NA1 to NA2 in steps of NINC) that defines the pattern to be extruded. NA2 defaults to NA1, NINC defaults to 1. If NA1 = ALL, NA2 and NINC are ignored and the pattern is defined by all selected areas. If NA1 = P, graphical picking is enabled and all remaining command fields are ignored (valid only in the GUI). A component name may also be substituted for NA1 (NA2 and NINC are ignored).
DX, DY, DZ
Increments to be applied to the X, Y, and Z keypoint coordinates in the active coordinate system (DR, D , DZ for cylindrical; DR, D , D for spherical).
RX, RY, RZ
Scale factors to be applied to the X, Y, and Z keypoint coordinates in the active coordinate
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system (RR, R , RZ for cylindrical; RR, R , R for spherical). Note that the R and R scale factors are interpreted as angular offsets. For example, if CSYS = 1, RX,RY,RZ input of (1.5,10,3) would scale the specified keypoints 1.5 times in the radial and 3 times in the Z direction, while adding an offset of 10 degrees to the keypoints. Zero, blank, or negative scale factor values are assumed to be 1.0. Zero or blank angular offsets have no effect.
Notes
Generates additional volumes (and their corresponding keypoints, lines, and areas) by extruding and scaling a pattern of areas in the active coordinate system. If element attributes have been associated with the input area via the AATT command, the opposite area generated by the VEXT operation will also have those attributes (i.e., the element attributes from the input area are copied to the opposite area). Note that only the area opposite the input area will have the same attributes as the input area; the areas adjacent to the input area will not. If the areas are meshed or belong to meshed volumes, a 3-D mesh can be extruded with this command. Note that the NDIV argument on the ESIZE command should be set before extruding the meshed areas. Scaling of the input areas, if specified, is performed first, followed by the extrusion. In a non-Cartesian coordinate system, the VEXT command locates the end face of the volume based on the active coordinate system. However, the extrusion is made along a straight line between the end faces. Note that solid modeling in a toroidal coordinate system is not recommended. Caution: Use of the VEXT command can produce unexpected results when operating in a nonCartesian coordinate system. For a detailed description of the possible problems that may occur, see Solid Modeling in the ANSYS Modeling and Meshing Guide.
Menu Paths
Main Menu>Preprocessor>Operate>Extrude>By XYZ Offset
Prev *VEDIT Prev *VFACT V Commands
Next *VFACT Next
*VFACT
Name
*VFACT, FACTR, FACT1, FACT2, FACT3 Applies a scale factor to array parameters. group: APDL:Array Parameters product: MP ME ST DY PR EM FL PP ED file://D:\Documents%20and%20Settings\Administrator\Local%20Settings\Temp\~hh... 20.05.2004
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FACTR
Scale factor applied to results (ParR) parameter. Defaults to 1.0.

FACT1
Scale factor applied to first parameter (Par1 or ParI). Defaults to 1.0.

FACT2
Scale factor applied to second parameter (Par2 or ParJ). Defaults to 1.0.

FACT3
Scale factor applied to third parameter (Par3 or ParK). Defaults to 1.0.
Command Default
Use 1.0 for all scale factors.
Notes
Applies a scale factor to parameters used in certain *VXX and *MXX operations. Typical scale factor applications are of the form: ParR = FACTR*f( FACT1*Par1) or ParR = FACTR*(( FACT1*Par1) o ( FACT2*Par2)) The factors are applied to each input parameter value before the operation and to the result value after the operation. The scale factor settings are reset to the default (1.0) after each *VXX or *MXX operation. Use *VSTAT to list settings. This command is valid in any processor.
Menu Paths
Prev VEXT Prev VFCALC V Commands
Next VFCALC Next
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VFCALC
Name
VFCALC, Fname, Ext, Dir Computes and stores Hemicube view factors. group: SOLUTION:Radiosity product: MP ME PR PP ED
Fname
Ext
Filename extension (8 character maximum). The extension defaults to VF.

Dir
Notes
When you leave ANSYS, the Hemicube view factors are removed from memory.
Menu Paths
Main Menu>Radiation Opt>Compute
Prev *VFACT Prev *VFILL V Commands
Next *VFILL Next
*VFILL
Name
*VFILL, ParR, Func, CON1, CON2, CON3, CON4, CON5, CON6, CON7, CON8, CON9, CON10 Fills an file://D:\Documents%20and%20Settings\Administrator\Local%20Settings\Temp\~hh... 20.05.2004
V Commands array parameter. group: APDL:Parameters product: MP ME ST DY PR EM FL PP ED
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ParR
The name of the resulting numeric array parameter vector. See *SET for name restrictions. The parameter must exist as a dimensioned array [*DIM].
Func
Fill function: DATA -Assign specified values CON1, CON2, etc. to successive array elements. Up to 10 assignments may be made at a time. Any CON values after a blank CON value are ignored. RAMP -Assign ramp function values: CON1+((n-1)*CON2) , where n is the loop number [*VLEN ]. To specify a constant function (no ramp), set CON2 to zero. RAND -Assign random number values based on a uniform distribution: RAND( CON1,CON2), where CON1 is the lower bound (defaults to 0.0) and CON2 is the upper bound (defaults to 1.0). GDIS -Assign random sample of Gaussian distributions: GDIS( CON1,CON2), where CON1 is the mean (defaults to 0.0) and CON2 is the standard deviation (defaults to 1.0). TRIA -Assigns random number values based on a triangular distribution: TRIA (CON1,CON2,CON3), where CON1 is the lower bound (defaults to 0.0), CON2 is the location of the peak value (CON1 CON2 CON3; CON2 defaults to 0 if CON1 0 CON3, CON1 if 0 CON1, or CON3 if CON3 0), and CON3 is the upper bound (defaults to 1.0 + CON1 if CON1 0 or 0.0 if CON1 0). BETA -Assigns random number values based on a beta distribution: BETA (CON1,CON2,CON3,CON4), where CON1 is the lower bound (defaults to 0.0), CON2 is the upper bound (defaults to 1.0+ CON1 if CON1 0 or 0.0 if CON1 0), and CON3 and CON4 are the alpha and beta parameters, respectively, of the beta function. Alpha and beta
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Assigns random number values based on a gamma distribution: GAMM (CON1,CON2,CON3), where CON1 is the lower bound (defaults to 0.0), and CON2 and CON3 are the alpha and beta parameters. respectively, of the gamma function. Alpha and beta must both be positive; they default to 1.0.
CON1, CON2, CON3, CON4, CON5, CON6, CON7, CON8, CON9, CON10
Constants used with above functions.
Notes
Operates on input data and produces one output array parameter vector according to:
ParR
= f( CON1, CON2, ...)
where the functions (f) are described above. A starting array element number must be defined for the result array parameter vector. Operations use successive array elements [*VLEN, *VMASK] with the default being all successive elements. For example, *VFILL,A(1),RAMP,1,10 assigns A(1) = 1.0, A(2) = 11.0, A(3) = 21.0, etc. *VFILL,B(5,1),DATA,1.5,3.0 assigns B(5,1) = 1.5 and B(6,1) = 3.0. Absolute values and scale factors may be applied to the result parameter [*VABS , *VFACT]. Results may be cumulative [*VCUM]. See the *VOPER command for details. This command is valid in any processor.
Menu Paths
Utility Menu>Parameters>Array Parameters>Fill
Prev VFCALC Prev *VFUN V Commands
Next *VFUN Next
*VFUN
Name
*VFUN, ParR, Func, Par1 , CON1, CON2, CON3 Performs a function on a single array parameter. group: APDL:Array Parameters product: MP ME ST DY PR EM FL PP ED
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ParR
The name of the resulting numeric array parameter vector. See *SET for name restrictions. The parameter must exist as a dimensioned array [*DIM].
Func
Function to be performed: ACOS -Arccosine: ACOS(Par1). ASIN -Arcsine: ASIN(Par1). ASORT -Par1 is sorted in ascending order. *VCOL ,*VMASK,*VCUM, and *VLEN,,NINC do not apply. *VLEN,NROW does apply. ATAN -Arctangent: ATAN( Par1). COMP -Compress: Selectively compresses data set. "True" (*VMASK) values of Par1 (or row positions to be considered according to the NINC value on the *VLEN command) are written in compressed form to ParR, starting at the specified position. COPY -Copy: Par1 copied to ParR. COS -Cosine: COS(Par1). COSH -Hyperbolic cosine: COSH(Par1). DIRCOS -Direction cosines of the principal stresses ( nX9). Par1 contains the nX6 component stresses for the n locations of the calculations. DSORT --
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is sorted in descending order. *VCOL,*VMASK,*VCUM, and *VLEN,,NINC do not apply. *VLEN,NROW does apply. EULER -Euler angles of the principal stresses ( nX3). Par1 contains the nX6 component stresses for the n locations of the calculations. EXP -Exponential: EXP(Par1). EXPA -Expand: Reverse of the COMP function. All elements of Par1 (starting at the position specified) are written in expanded form to corresponding "true" (*VMASK) positions (or row positions to be considered according to the NINC value on the *VLEN command) of ParR. LOG -Natural logarithm: LOG(Par1). LOG10 -Common logarithm: LOG10(Par1). NINT -Nearest integer: 2.783 becomes 3.0, -1.75 becomes -2.0. NOT -Logical complement: values become 0.0 (false). PWR -Power function: Par1**CON1. SIN -Sine: SIN( Par1). SINH -Hyperbolic sine: SINH( Par1). SQRT -Square root: SQRT(Par1). TAN -file://D:\Documents%20and%20Settings\Administrator\Local%20Settings\Temp\~hh... 20.05.2004 0.0 (false) become 1.0 (true). Values > 0.0 (true)
V Commands Tangent: TAN( Par1). TANH -Hyperbolic tangent: TANH( Par1). TANG --
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Tangent to a path at a point: the slope at a point is determined by linear interpolation half way between the previous and next points. Points are assumed to be in the global Cartesian coordinate system. Path points are specified in array Par1 (having 3 consecutive columns of data, with the columns containing the x, y, and z coordinate locations, respectively, of the points). Only the starting row index and the column index for the x coordinates are specified, such as A(1,1). The y and z coordinates of the vector are assumed to begin in the corresponding next columns, such as A(1,2) and A(1,3). The tangent result, ParR, must also have 3 consecutive columns of data and will contain the tangent direction vector (normalized to 1.0); such as 1,0,0 for an x-direction vector. NORM -Normal to a path and an input vector at a point: determined from the cross-product of the calculated tangent vector (see TANG) and the input direction vector (with the i, j, and k components input as CON1, CON2, and CON3). Points are assumed to be in the global Cartesian coordinate system. Path points are specified in array Par1 (having 3 consecutive columns of data, with the columns containing the x, y, and z coordinate locations, respectively, of the points). Only the starting row index and the column index for the x coordinates are specified, such as A(1,1). The y and z coordinates of the vector are assumed to begin in the corresponding next columns, such as A(1,2) and A(1,3). The normal result, ParR, must also have 3 consecutive columns of data and will contain the normal direction vector (normalized to 1.0); such as 1,0,0 for an x-direction vector. LOCAL -Transforms global Cartesian coordinates of a point to the coordinates of a specified system: points to be transformed are specified in array Par1 (having 3 consecutive columns of data, with the columns containing the x, y, and z global Cartesian coordinate locations, respectively, of the points). Only the starting row index and the column index for the x coordinates are specified, such as A(1,1). The y and z coordinates of the vector are assumed to begin in the corresponding next columns, such as A(1,2) and A(1,3). Results are transformed to coordinate system CON1 (which may be any valid coordinate system number, such as 1,2,11,12, etc.). The transformed result, ParR, must also have 3 consecutive columns of data and will contain the corresponding transformed coordinate locations. GLOBAL -Transforms specified coordinates of a point to global Cartesian coordinates: points to be transformed are specified in array Par1 (having 3 consecutive columns of data, with the columns containing the local coordinate locations (x,y,z or r, ,z or etc.) of the points). Only the starting row index and the column index for the x coordinates are specified, such as A(1,1). The y and z coordinates (or and z, or etc.) of the vector are assumed to begin in the corresponding next columns, such as A(1,2) and A(1,3). Local coordinate locations are assumed to be in coordinate system CON1 (which may be any valid
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coordinate system number, such as 1,2,11,12, etc.). The transformed result, ParR, must also have 3 consecutive columns of data, with the columns containing the global Cartesian x y, and z coordinate locations, respectively.
Par1
Array parameter vector in the operation.

CON1, CON2, CON3
Constants (used only with the PWR, NORM, LOCAL, and GLOBAL functions).
Notes
Operates on one input array parameter vector and produces one output array parameter vector according to:
ParR
= f( Par1)
where the functions (f) are described below. Functions are based on the standard FORTRAN definitions where possible. Out-of-range function results (or results with exponents whose magnitudes are approximately greater than 32 or less than -32) produce a zero value. Input and output for angular functions may be radians (default) or degrees [*AFUN]. ParR may be the same as Par1. Starting array element numbers must be defined for each array parameter vector. For example, *VFUN,A(1),SQRT,B(5) takes the square root of the fifth element of B and stores the result in the first element of A. Operations continue on successive array elements [*VLEN , *VMASK] with the default being all successive elements. Absolute values and scale factors may be applied to all parameters [*VABS, *VFACT]. Results may be cumulative [*VCUM]. Skipping array elements via *VMASK or *VLEN for the TANG and NORM functions skips only the writing of the results (skipped array element data are used in all calculations). See the *VOPER command for details. This command is valid in any processor.
Menu Paths
Utility Menu>Parameters>Array Operations>Vector Functions
Prev *VFILL Prev VFOPT V Commands
Next VFOPT Next
VFOPT
Name
VFOPT, Opt Specifies whether new Hemicube view factors should be computed.
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Opt
View factor option: NEW Compute view factors and write them to a file. OFF Do not recompute view factors it they already exist in the database, otherwise compute them (default). READ Read view factors from a file. For subsequent SOLVE commands, switch to the default option (OFF).
Notes
This command allows you to deactivate the view factor computation ( Opt = OFF) if the view factors already exist in the database. OFF is the default upon encountering the second and subsequent SOLVE commands in the solution processor.
Menu Paths
Prev *VFUN Prev VFQUERY V Commands
Next VFQUERY Next
VFQUERY
Name
VFQUERY, SRCELEM, TARELEM Queries and prints element Hemicube view factors and average view factor.
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SRCELEM
Elements representing the source radiating surfaces used to query the view factor at the target element(s). If SRCELEM = P, graphical picking is enabled (valid only in the GUI). If SRCELEM = ALL, all selected elements will have their view factors queried. A component name may also be substituted for SRCELEM. Selected elements must be flagged for surface to surface radiation in order to query view factors (SF, SFA, or SFE with Lab = RDSF). The view factors must have been previously computed.
TARELEM
Element for view factor query. If TARELEM = P, graphical picking is enabled (valid only in the GUI). If TARELEM = ALL, all selected elements will have their view factors queried. A component name may also be substituted for TARELEM. Selected elements must be flagged for surface to surface radiation in order to query view factors (SF, SFA, or SFE with Lab = RDSF). The view factors must have been previously computed.
Notes
View factors for each target element will be printed. An average view factor for all target elements will be computed. (Use *GET to retrieve the average value). When resuming a database, issue the command VFOPT,READ before issuing the VFQUERY command.
Menu Paths
Main Menu>Radiation Opt>Query
Prev VFOPT Prev VGEN V Commands
Next VGEN Next
VGEN
Name
VGEN, ITIME, NV1, NV2, NINC, DX, DY, DZ, KINC, NOELEM, IMOVE Generates additional volumes
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V Commands from a pattern of volumes. group: PREP7:Volumes product: MP ME ST DY PR EM EH FL PP ED
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ITIME
Do this generation operation a total of ITIMEs, incrementing all keypoints in the given pattern automatically (or by KINC) each time after the first. ITIME must be > 1 for generation to occur.
NV1, NV2, NINC
Generate volumes from pattern beginning with NV1 to NV2 (defaults to NV1) in steps of NINC (defaults to 1). If NV1 = ALL, NV2 and NINC are ignored and the pattern is all selected volumes [VSEL]. If NV1 = P, graphical picking is enabled and all remaining command fields are ignored (valid only in the GUI). A component name may also be substituted for NV1 ( NV2 and NINC are ignored).
DX, DY, DZ
KINC
,DZ for cylindrical,--,D
NOELEM
Specifies if elements and nodes are also to be generated: 0 -Generate nodes and elements associated with the original volumes, if they exist. 1 -Do not generate nodes and elements.
IMOVE
Specifies whether to redefine the existing volumes: 0 -Generate additional volumes as requested with the ITIME argument. 1 -Move original volumes to new position retaining the same keypoint line, and area file://D:\Documents%20and%20Settings\Administrator\Local%20Settings\Temp\~hh... 20.05.2004
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numbers (ITIME, KINC, and NOELM are ignored). Corresponding meshed items are also moved if not needed at their original position.
Notes
Generates additional volumes (and their corresponding keypoints, lines, areas and mesh) from a given volume pattern. The MAT, TYPE, REAL, and ESYS attributes are based upon the volumes in the pattern and not upon the current settings of the pointers. End slopes of the generated lines remain the same (in the active coordinate system) as those of the given pattern. For example, radial slopes remain radial, etc. Generations which produce volumes of a size or shape different from the pattern (i.e., radial generations in cylindrical systems, radial and phi generations in spherical systems, and theta generations in elliptical systems) are not allowed. Note that solid modeling in a toroidal coordinate system is not recommended. Volume, area, and line numbers are automatically assigned (beginning with the lowest available values [NUMSTR]).
Menu Paths
Main Menu>Preprocessor>Copy>Volumes Main Menu>Preprocessor>Move / Modify>Volumes
Prev VFQUERY Prev VGET V Commands
Next VGET Next
VGET
Name
VGET, Par, IR, TSTRT, KCPLX Moves a variable into an array parameter vector. group: POST26:Special Purpose product: MP ME ST DY PR EM FL PP ED
Par

IR
Reference number of the variable (1 to NV [NUMVAR]).

TSTRT
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Time (or frequency) corresponding to start of IR data. If between values, the nearer value is used.
KCPLX
Complex number key: 0 -Use the real part of the IR data. 1 -Use the imaginary part of the IR data.
Notes
Moves a variable into an array parameter vector. The starting array element number must be defined. For example, VGET ,A(1),2 moves variable 2 (starting at time 0.0) to array parameter A. Looping continues from array element A(1) with the index number incremented by one until the variable is filled. The number of loops may be controlled with the *VLEN command (except that loop skipping (NINC) is not allowed). For multi-dimensioned array parameters, only the first (row) subscript is incremented.
Menu Paths
Main Menu>TimeHist Postpro>Table Operations>Variable to Par
Prev VGEN Prev *VGET V Commands
Next *VGET Next
*VGET
Name
*VGET, ParR, Entity, ENTNUM, Item1, IT1NUM, Item2 , IT2NUM, KLOOP Retrieves values into an array parameter. group: APDL:Parameters product: MP ME ST DY PR EM FL PP ED
ParR
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The name of the resulting vector array parameter. See *SET for name restrictions. The parameter must exist as a dimensioned array [*DIM].
Entity
Entity keyword. Valid keywords are NODE, ELEM, KP, LINE, AREA, VOLU, etc. as shown for Entity = in the table below.
ENTNUM
The number of the entity (as shown for ENTNUM = in the table below).
Item1
The name of a particular item for the given entity. Valid items are as shown in the Item1 columns of the table below.
IT1NUM
The number (or label) for the specified Item1 (if any). Valid IT1NUM values are as shown in the IT1NUM columns of the table below. Some Item1 labels do not require an IT1NUM value.
Item2, IT2NUM
A second set of item labels and numbers to further qualify the item for which data is to be retrieved. Most items do not require this level of information.
KLOOP
Field to be looped on: 0 or 2 -Loop on the ENTNUM field (default). 3 -Loop on the Item1 field. 4 -Loop on the IT1NUM field. Successive items are as shown with IT1NUM. 5 -Loop on the Item2 field. 6 -Loop on the IT2NUM field. Successive items are as shown with IT2NUM.
Notes
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Retrieves values for specified items and stores the values in one output vector array parameter according to:
ParR
= f( Entity, ENTNUM, Item1, IT1NUM, Item2, IT2NUM)
where (f) is the *GET function; Entity, Item1, and Item2 are keywords; and ENTNUM, IT1NUM, and IT2NUM are numbers or labels corresponding to the keywords. A starting array location number must be defined for the result array parameter. Looping continues over successive entity numbers (ENTNUM) for the KLOOP default. For example, *VGET,A(1),ELEM,5,CENT,X returns the centroid xlocation of element 5 and stores the result in the first location of A. Retrieving continues with element 6, 7, 8, etc. until successive array locations [*VLEN , *VMASK] are filled. Absolute values and scale factors may be applied to the result parameter [*VABS , *VFACT]. Results may be cumulative [*VCUM]. See the *VOPER command for general details. Results can be put back into an analysis by writing a file of the desired input commands with the *VWRITE command. See also the *VPUT command. The *VGET command retrieves only the real (original nodes and elements) part of a cyclic symmetry solution and not the imaginary (duplicate nodes and elements) part. This command is valid in any processor. *VGET - PREP7 Items PREP7 Items Entity = NODE, ENTNUM = n (node number) Item1 IT1NUM Description LOC X,Y,Z X, Y, or Z location in the active coordinate system. ANG XY,YZ,ZX THXY, THYZ, THZX rotation angle. NSEL Select status of node n (-1 - unselected, 0 - undefined, 1 - selected). Entity = ELEM, ENTNUM = n (element number) Item1 IT1NUM Description NODE 1,2,--20 Node number at position 1,2,--20 of element n. Centroid X, Y, or Z location (based on shape function) in the active coordinate CENT X,Y,Z system. ADJ 1,2,--6 Number of element adjacent to face 1,2,--6. Number assigned to attribute name = MAT, TYPE, REAL, ESYS, ENAM,or ATTR name SECN). Returns a zero if the element is unselected. Characteristic element geometry. Length of line element (straight line between ends), area of area element, or volume of volume element. Issuing *VGET for GEOM an element returns a signed value. To always get a positive value, issue *VABS ,1 just prior to issuing *VGET,par(n),ELEM,x,GEOM. Select status of element n (-1 - unselected, 0 - undefined, 1 - selected). ESEL Element shape test result for selected element n, where Test=ANGD (SHELL28 corner angle deviation), ASPE (aspect ratio), JACR (Jacobian SHPAR Test ratio), MAXA (maximum corner angle), PARA (deviation from parallelism of opposite edges), or WARP (warping factor). Entity = KP, ENTNUM = n (keypoint number) Item1 IT1NUM Description LOC X,Y,Z X, Y, or Z location in the active coordinate system.
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Number assigned to attribute ( name = MAT, TYPE, REAL, ESYS, NODE or ELEM). DIV Divisions (element size setting) from KESIZE command. KSEL Select status of keypoint n (-1 - unselected, 0 - undefined, 1 - selected). Entity = LINE, ENTNUM = n (line number) Item1 IT1NUM Description KP 1,2 Keypoint number at position 1 or 2. Number assigned to attribute ( name = MAT, TYPE, REAL, ESYS, NNOD, ATTR name NELM, or NDIV). NNOD = number of nodes, NELM = number of elements, NDIV = number of divisions. LENG Length. LSEL Select status of line n (-1 - unselected, 0 - undefined, 1 - selected). Entity = AREA, ENTNUM = n (area number) Item1 IT1NUM Description ATTR name LOOP 1,2,-- I Loop number. Must be input if LINE number is to be retrieved. Item2 IT2NUM Description LINE 1,2,-- p Line number at position 1,2,--- p. Number assigned to attribute ( name = MAT, TYPE, REAL, ESYS, NNOD, or ATTR name NELM). NNOD=number of nodes, NELM=number of elements. AREA Area (after last ASUM). ASEL Select status of area n (-1 - unselected, 0 - undefined, 1 - selected). Entity = VOLU, ENTNUM = n (volume number) Item1 IT1NUM Description SHELL 1,2,-- l Shell number. Must be input if AREA number is to be retrieved. Item2 IT2NUM Description Area number at position 1,2,--- p. AREA 1,2,-- p Number assigned to attribute ( name = MAT, TYPE, REAL, ESYS, NNOD, or ATTR name NELM). NNOD=number of nodes, NELM=number of elements. VOLU Volume (after last VSUM). Select status of volume n (-1 - unselected, 0 - undefined, 1 - selected). VSEL Entity = CDSY, ENTNUM = n (coordinate system number) Item1 IT1NUM Description LOC X,Y,Z X, Y, or Z origin location (global Cartesian coordinate). ANG XY,YZ,ZX THXY, THYZ, or THZX rotation angle ( )relative to the global Cartesian coordinate system. Number assigned to attribute ( name = KCS, KTHET, KPHI, PAR1, or PAR2). ATTR name A -1.0 is returned for KCS if coordinate system is undefined). Entity = RCON, ENTNUM = n (real constant set number) Item1 IT1NUM Description Real constant value for constant 1,2,--- m. CONST 1,2,-- m Entity = TLAB, ENTNUM = n (Tlab is the data table label: BKIN, MKIN, MISO, etc. as described on the TB command. n is the material number.) Item1 IT1NUM Description TEMP val Temperature value (if any) at which to retrieve table data.
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Page 42 of 94 Description Constant number whose value is to be retrieved (see Data Tables - Implicit Analysis of the ANSYS Elements Reference). For constants input as X,Y points, the constant numbers are consecutive with the X constants being the odd numbers, beginning with one.
CONST num
*VGET - POST1 Items = NODE, ENTNUM = n (node number) Vector items are in the active results coordinate system unless otherwise specified. Item1 IT1NUM Description Valid labels for nodal degree of freedom results are: U X,Y,Z X, Y, or Z structural displacement. ROT X,Y,Z X, Y, or Z structural rotation. TEMP Temperature. PRES Pressure. VOLT Electric potential. MAG Magnetic scalar potential. V X,Y,Z X, Y, or Z fluid velocity. A X,Y,Z X, Y, or Z magnetic vector potential. CURR Current. EMF Electromotive force drop. ENKE Turbulent kinetic energy (FLOTRAN). ENDS Turbulent energy dissipation (FLOTRAN). Valid labels for element nodal results are: Item1 IT1NUM Description S X,Y,Z,XY,YZ,XZ Component stress. " 1,2,3 Principal stress. " INT,EQV Stress intensity or equivalent stress. EPTO X,Y,Z,XY,YZ,XZ Component total strain (EPEL + EPPL + EPCR). " 1,2,3 Principal total strain. " INT,EQV Total strain intensity or total equivalent strain. EPEL X,Y,Z,XY,YZ,XZ Component elastic strain. " 1,2,3 Principal elastic strain. " INT,EQV Elastic strain intensity or elastic equivalent strain. EPPL X,Y,Z,XY,YZ,XZ Component plastic strain. " 1,2,3 Principal plastic strain. " INT,EQV Plastic strain intensity or plastic equivalent strain. EPCR X,Y,Z,XY,YZ,XZ Component creep strain. " 1,2,3 Principal creep strain. " INT,EQV Creep strain intensity or creep equivalent strain. EPTH X,Y,Z,XY,YZ,XZ Component thermal strain. " 1,2,3 Principal thermal strain. " INT,EQV Thermal strain intensity or thermal equivalent strain. EPSW Swelling strain.
Entity
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Equivalent stress (from stress-strain curve). " Stress state ratio. " Hydrostatic pressure. " Accumulated equivalent plastic strain. " Plastic state variable. " Plastic work/volume. Component magnetic field intensity from current sources (in the global HS X,Y,Z Cartesian coordinate system). Body temperatures (calculated from applied temperatures) as used in BFE TEMP solution. TG X,Y,Z,SUM Component thermal gradient and sum. TF X,Y,Z,SUM Component thermal flux and sum. PG X,Y,Z,SUM Component pressure gradient and sum. EF X,Y,Z,SUM Component electric field and sum. D X,Y,Z,SUM Component electric flux density and sum. H X,Y,Z,SUM Component magnetic field intensity and sum. B X,Y,Z,SUM Component magnetic flux density and sum. FMAG X,Y,Z,SUM Component magnetic force and sum. Valid labels for FLOTRAN nodal results are: Item1 IT1NUM Description TTOT Total temperature. HFLU Heat flux. HFLM Heat transfer (film) coefficient. COND Fluid laminar conductivity. PCOE Pressure coefficient. PTOT Total (stagnation) pressure. MACH Mach number. STRM Stream function. (2-D applications only.) DENS Fluid density. VISC Fluid laminar viscosity. EVIS Fluid effective viscosity. ECON Fluid effective conductivity. YPLU Y+, a turbulent law of the wall parameter. TAUW Shear stress at the wall. Entity = ELEM, ENTNUM = n (element number) Valid labels for element results are: ETAB Lab Any user-defined element table label (see ETABLE command).
Menu Paths
Utility Menu>Parameters>Get Array Data
Prev VGET
Next VGLUE
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Prev
Next
VGLUE
Name
VGLUE, NV1, NV2, NV3, NV4, NV5, NV6, NV7, NV8, NV9 Generates new volumes by "gluing" volumes. group: PREP7:Booleans product: MP ME ST DY PR EM EH FL PP ED
Numbers of the volumes to be glued. If NV1 = ALL, all selected volumes will be glued (NV2 to NV9 will be ignored). If NV1 = P, graphical picking is enabled and all remaining command fields are ignored (valid only in the GUI). A component name may also be substituted for NV1.
Notes
Use of the VGLUE command generates new volumes by "gluing" input volumes. The glue operation redefines the input volumes so that they share areas along their common boundaries. The new volumes encompass the same geometry as the original volumes. This operation is only valid if the intersections of the input volumes are areas along the boundaries of those volumes. See the ANSYS Modeling and Meshing Guide for an illustration. See the BOPTN command for an explanation of the options available to Boolean operations. Element attributes and solid model boundary conditions assigned to the original entities will not be transferred to the new entities generated. The VGLUE command results in the merging of areas, lines, and keypoints at the common volume boundaries. The areas, lines, and keypoints of the lower numberd volume will be kept. This means one must be aware of volume numbering when multiple VGLUE commands are applied to avoid any ungluing of geometry.
Menu Paths
Main Menu>Preprocessor>Operate>Glue>Volumes
Prev *VGET Prev /VIEW V Commands
Next /VIEW Next
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/VIEW
Name
/VIEW , WN, XV, YV, ZV Defines the viewing direction for the display. group: GRAPHICS:Views product: MP ME ST DY PR EM FL PP ED
WN

XV, YV, ZV
The object is viewed along the line from point XV,YV,ZV (in the global coordinate system) to the global coordinate system origin. For section displays, the cutting plane is assumed to be perpendicular to this line. If XV = WP, modify view to be normal to the currently defined working plane. Defaults to (0,0,1).
Command Default
0,0,1 view. The default reference orientation is X-axis horizontal to the right, Y-axis vertical upward, and Z-axis out from the screen (normal). See /VUP command to change reference orientation.
Notes
The view line is always normal to the screen. The view is selected by defining a point (in the global Cartesian coordinate system) representing a point along the viewing line. This point, and the global Cartesian coordinate system origin, define the line along which the object is viewed while looking toward the origin. Any point along the view line may be used, i.e., (1,1,1) and (2,2,2) give the same view. The display orientation may be changed as desired [/ANGLE ]. The display coordinate system type may be changed (from Cartesian to cylindrical, spherical, toroidal, etc.) with the DSYS command. This command is valid in any processor.
Menu Paths
Main Menu>General Postproc>Path Operations>Define Path>On Working Plane Utility Menu>PlotCtrls>Pan, Zoom, Rotate Utility Menu>PlotCtrls>View Settings>Viewing Direction
Prev VGLUE file://D:\Documents%20and%20Settings\Administrator\Local%20Settings\Temp\~hh...
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Prev
Next
VIMP
Name
VIMP, VOL, CHGBND, IMPLEVEL Improves the quality of the tetrahedral elements in the selected volume(s). group: PREP7:Meshing product: MP ME ST DY PR EM FL PP ED
VOL
Number of the volume containing the tetrahedral elements to be improved. If VOL = ALL (default), improve the tetrahedral elements in all selected volumes. If VOL = P, graphical picking is enabled and all remaining command fields are ignored (valid only in the GUI). A component name may also be substituted for VOL.
CHGBND
Specifies whether to allow boundary modification. Boundary modification includes such things as changes in the connectivity of the element faces on the boundary and the addition of boundary nodes. (Also see the Notes section below for important usage information for CHGBND.) 0 -Do not allow boundary modification. 1 -Allow boundary modification (default).
IMPLEVEL
Identifies the level of improvement to be performed on the elements. (Improvement occurs primarily through the use of face swapping and node smoothing techniques.) 0 -Perform the least amount of swapping/smoothing. 1 -Perform an intermediate amount of swapping/smoothing. 2 -file://D:\Documents%20and%20Settings\Administrator\Local%20Settings\Temp\~hh... 20.05.2004
V Commands Perform the greatest amount of swapping/smoothing. 3 --
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Perform the greatest amount of swapping/smoothing, plus additional improvement techniques (default).
Notes
VIMP is useful for further improving a volume mesh created in ANSYS [VMESH], especially quadratic tetrahedral element meshes. The VIMP command enables you to improve a given tetrahedral mesh by reducing the number of poorly-shaped tetrahedral elements (in particular, the number of sliver tetrahedral elements)--as well as the overall number of elements--in the mesh. It also improves the overall quality of the mesh. Regardless of the value of the CHGBND argument, boundary midnodes can be moved as long as you are not using p-method analysis. When CHGBND = 0 and you are using p-method analysis, boundary midnodes cannot be moved. (ANSYS issues an error message if it would be necessary to move boundary midnodes in order to generate valid quadratic elements.) When loads or constraints have been placed on boundary nodes or midnodes, and boundary midnodes are later moved, ANSYS issues a warning message to let you know that it will not update the loads or constraints. Even when CHGBND = 1, no boundary modification is performed on areas and lines that are not modifiable (for example, areas that are adjacent to other volumes or that contain shell elements, or lines that are not incident on modifiable areas, contain beam elements, or have line divisions specified for them [LESIZE]).
Menu Paths
Main Menu>Preprocessor>Modify Mesh>Improve Tets>Volumes
Prev /VIEW Prev VINP V Commands
Next VINP Next
VINP
Name
VINP, NV1, NV2, NV3, NV4, NV5, NV6, NV7, NV8, NV9 Finds the pairwise intersection of volumes. group: PREP7:Booleans product: MP ME ST DY PR EM EH FL PP ED
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Numbers of volumes to be intersected pairwise. If NV1 = ALL, NV2 to NV9 are ignored and the pairwise intersection of all selected volumes is found. If NV1 = P, graphical picking is enabled and all remaining command fields are ignored (valid only in the GUI). A component name may also be substituted for NV1.
Notes
Finds the pairwise intersection of volumes. The pairwise intersection is defined as all regions shared by any two or more volumes listed on this command. New volumes will be generated where the original volumes intersect pairwise. If the regions of pairwise intersection are only areas, new areas will be generated. See the ANSYS Modeling and Meshing Guide for an illustration. See the BOPTN command for an explanation of the options available to Boolean operations. Element attributes and solid model boundary conditions assigned to the original entities will not be transferred to the new entities generated.
Menu Paths
Main Menu>Preprocessor>Operate>Intersect>Volumes
Prev VIMP Prev VINV V Commands
Next VINV Next
VINV
Name
VINV, NV1, NV2, NV3, NV4, NV5, NV6, NV7, NV8, NV9 Finds the intersection of volumes. group: PREP7:Booleans product: MP ME ST DY PR EM EH FL PP ED
Numbers of volumes to be intersected. If NV1 = ALL, NV2 to NV9 are ignored, and the intersection of all selected volumes is found. If NV1 = P, graphical picking is enabled and all remaining command fields are ignored (valid only in the GUI). A component name may also be substituted for NV1.
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Notes
Finds the common (not pairwise) intersection of volumes. The common intersection is defined as the regions shared (in common) by all volumes listed on this command. New volumes will be generated where the original volumes intersect. If the regions of intersection are only areas, new areas will be generated instead. See the ANSYS Modeling and Meshing Guide for an illustration. See the BOPTN command for an explanation of the options available to Boolean operations. Element attributes and solid model boundary conditions assigned to the original entities will not be transferred to the new entities generated.
Menu Paths
Main Menu>Preprocessor>Operate>Intersect>Volumes
Prev VINP Prev *VITRP V Commands
Next *VITRP Next
*VITRP
Name
*VITRP, ParR, ParT, ParI, ParJ, ParK Forms an array parameter by interpolation of a table. group: APDL:Array Parameters product: MP ME ST DY PR EM FL PP ED
ParR
The name of the resulting array parameter. See *SET for name restrictions. The parameter must exist as a dimensioned array [*DIM].
ParT
The name of the TABLE array parameter. The parameter must exist as a dimensioned array of type TABLE [*DIM].
ParI
Array parameter vector of I (row) index values for interpolation in ParT.

ParJ
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Array parameter vector of J (column) index values for interpolation in ParT (which must be at least two-dimensional).
ParK
Array parameter vector of K (depth) index values for interpolation in ParT (which must be three-dimensional).
Notes
Forms an array parameter (of type ARRAY) by interpolating values of an array parameter (of type TABLE) at specified table index locations according to:
ParR
= f( ParT, Parl, ParJ, ParK)
where ParT is the type TABLE array parameter, and ParI, ParJ, ParK are the type ARRAY array parameter vectors of index values for interpolation in ParT. See the *DIM command for TABLE and ARRAY declaration types. Linear interpolation is used. Starting array element numbers must be defined for each array parameter. The starting array element number for the TABLE array ( ParT) is not used (but a value must be input). For example, *VITRP,R(5),TAB(1,1),X(2),Y(4) uses the second element of X and the fourth element of Y as index values (row and column) for a twodimensional interpolation in TAB and stores the result in the fifth element of R. Operations continue on successive array elements [*VLEN, *VMASK] with the default being all successive elements. Absolute values and scale factors may be applied to the result parameter [*VABS , *VFACT]. Results may be cumulative [*VCUM]. See the *VOPER command for details. This command is valid in any processor.
Menu Paths
Utility Menu>Parameters>Array Operations>Vector Interpolate
Prev VINV Prev *VLEN V Commands
Next *VLEN Next
*VLEN
Name
*VLEN, NROW, NINC Specifies the number of rows to be used in array parameter operations. group: APDL:Array Parameters product: MP ME ST DY PR EM FL PP ED
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NROW
Number of rows to be used with the *VXX or *MXX operations. Defaults to the number of rows needed to fill the result array.
NINC
Perform the operation on every NINC row (defaults to 1).
Command Default
Fill all locations of the result array from the specified starting location.
Notes
Specifies the number of rows to be used in array parameter operations. The size of the submatrix used is determined from the upper left starting array element (defined on the operation command) to the lower right array element (defined by the number of rows on this command and the number of columns on the *VCOL command). NINC allows skipping row operations for some operation commands. Skipped rows are included in the row count. The starting row number must be defined on the operation command for each parameter read and for the result written. The default NROW is calculated from the maximum number of rows of the result array (the *DIM row dimension) minus the starting location + 1. For example, *DIM,R,,10 and a starting location of R(7) gives a default of 4 loops (filling R(7), R(8), R(9), and R(10)). Repeat operations automatically terminate at the last row of the result array. Existing values in the rows and columns of the results matrix remain unchanged where not overwritten by the requested input or operation values. The stride ( NINC) allows operations to be performed at regular intervals. It has no effect on the total number of row operations. Skipped operations retain the previous result. For example, *DIM,R,,6, with a starting location of R(1), NROW = 10, and NINC = 2 calculates values for locations R(1), R(3), and R(5) and retains values for locations R(2), R(4), and R(6). A more general skip control may be done by masking [*VMASK]. The row control settings are reset to the defaults after each *VXX or *MXX operation. Use *VSTAT to list settings. This command is valid in any processor.
Menu Paths
Prev *VITRP Prev VLIST V Commands
Next VLIST Next
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VLIST
Name
VLIST, NV1, NV2, NINC Lists the defined volumes. group: PREP7:Volumes product: MP ME ST DY PR EM FL PP ED
NV1, NV2, NINC
List volumes from NV1 to NV2 (defaults to NV1) in steps of NINC (defaults to 1). If NV1 = ALL (default), NV2 and NINC are ignored and all selected volumes [VSEL] are listed. If NV1 = P, graphical picking is enabled and all remaining command fields are ignored (valid only in the GUI). A component name may also be substituted for NV1 (NV2 and NINC are ignored).
Notes
An attribute (TYPE, MAT, REAL, or ESYS) listed as a zero is unassigned; one listed as a positive value indicates that the attribute was assigned with the VATT command (and will not be reset to zero if the mesh is cleared); one listed as a negative value indicates that the attribute was assigned using the attribute pointer [TYPE, MAT, REAL, or ESYS] that was active during meshing (and will be reset to zero if the mesh is cleared). A "-1" in the "nodes" column indicates that the volume has been meshed but there are no interior nodes. The volume size is listed only if a VSUM command has been performed on the volume. This command is valid in any processor.
Menu Paths
Utility Menu>List>Volumes
Prev *VLEN Prev VLSCALE V Commands
Next VLSCALE Next
VLSCALE
Name
VLSCALE , NV1, NV2, NINC, RX, RY, RZ, KINC, NOELEM, IMOVE Generates a scaled set of volumes from a pattern of volumes. file://D:\Documents%20and%20Settings\Administrator\Local%20Settings\Temp\~hh... 20.05.2004
V Commands group: PREP7:Volumes product: MP ME ST DY PR EM EH FL PP ED
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NV1, NV2, NINC
Set of volumes (NV1 to NV2 in steps of NINC) that defines the pattern to be scaled. NV2 defaults to NV1, NINC defaults to 1. If NV1 = ALL, NV2 and NINC are ignored and the pattern is defined by all selected volumes. If NV1 = P, graphical picking is enabled and all remaining command fields are ignored (valid only in the GUI). A component name may also be substituted for NV1 (NV2 and NINC are ignored).
RX, RY, RZ
Scale factors to be applied to the X, Y, and Z keypoint coordinates in active coordinate system (RR, R , RZ for cylindrical; RR, R , R for spherical). Note that the R and R scale factors are interpreted as angular offsets. For example, if CSYS = 1, RX,RY,RZ input of (1.5,10,3) would scale the specified keypoints 1.5 times in the radial and 3 times in the Z direction, while adding an offset of 10 degrees to the keypoints. Zero, blank, or negative scale factor values are assumed to be 1.0. Zero or blank angular offsets have no effect.
KINC
NOELEM
Specifies whether nodes and elements are also to be generated: 0 -Nodes and elements associated with the original volumes will be generated (scaled) if they exist. 1 -Nodes and elements will not be generated.
IMOVE
Specifies whether volumes will be moved or newly defined: 0 -Additional volumes will be generated. 1 -Original volumes will be moved to new position ( KINC and NOELEM are ignored). Use only if the old volumes are no longer needed at their original positions. Corresponding meshed items are also moved if not needed at their original position.
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Notes
Generates a scaled set of volumes (and their corresponding keypoints, lines, areas, and mesh) from a pattern of volumes. The MAT, TYPE, REAL, and ESYS attributes are based on the volumes in the pattern and not the current settings. Scaling is done in the active coordinate system. Volumes in the pattern could have been generated in any coordinate system. However, solid modeling in a toroidal coordinate system is not recommended.
Menu Paths
Main Menu>Preprocessor>Operate>Scale>Volumes
Prev VLIST Prev *VMASK V Commands
Next *VMASK Next
*VMASK
Name
*VMASK, Par Specifies an array parameter as a masking vector. group: APDL:Array Parameters product: MP ME ST DY PR EM FL PP ED
Par
Name of the mask parameter. The starting subscript must also be specified.
Command Default
No mask parameter specified (use true for all operations).
Notes
Specifies the name of the parameter whose values are to be checked for each resulting row operation. The mask vector usually contains only 0 (for false) and 1 (for true) values. For each row operation the corresponding mask vector value is checked. A true value allows the operation to be done. A false value skips the operation (and retains the previous results). A mask vector can be created from direct input, such as M(1) = 1,0,0,1,1,0,1; or from the DATA function of the *VFILL command. The NOT function of the *VFUN command can be used to reverse the logical sense of the mask vector. The logical compare operations (LT, LE, EQ, NE, GE, and GT) of the *VOPER command also produce a mask vector by operating on two other vectors. Any numeric vector can be used as a mask file://D:\Documents%20and%20Settings\Administrator\Local%20Settings\Temp\~hh... 20.05.2004
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vector since the actual interpretation assumes values less than 0.0 are 0.0 (false) and values greater than 0.0 are 1.0 (true). If the mask vector is not specified (or has fewer values than the result vector), true (1.0) values are assumed for the unspecified values. Another skip control may be input with NINC on the *VLEN command. If both are present, operations occur only when both are true. The mask setting is reset to the default (no mask) after each *VXX or *MXX operation. Use *VSTAT to list settings. This command is valid in any processor.
Menu Paths
Prev VLSCALE Prev VMESH V Commands
Next VMESH Next
VMESH
Name
VMESH, NV1, NV2, NINC Generates nodes and volume elements within volumes. group: PREP7:Meshing product: MP ME ST DY PR EM EH FL PP ED
NV1, NV2, NINC
Mesh volumes from NV1 to NV2 (defaults to NV1) in steps of NINC (defaults to 1). If NV1 = ALL, NV2 and NINC are ignored and all selected volumes [VSEL] are meshed. If NV1 = P, graphical picking is enabled and all remaining command fields are ignored (valid only in the GUI). A component name may also be substituted for NV1 (NV2 and NINC are ignored).
Notes
Missing nodes required for the generated elements are created and assigned the lowest available numbers [NUMSTR ]. During a batch run and if elements already exist, a mesh abort will write an alternative database file ( File.DBE) for possible recovery. Tetrahedral mesh expansion [MOPT,TETEXPND, Value] is supported for both the VMESH and FVMESH commands.
Menu Paths
V Commands Main Menu>Preprocessor>Mesh>Free Main Menu>Preprocessor>Mesh>Mapped>4 to 6 sided
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Prev *VMASK Prev VOFFST V Commands
Next VOFFST Next
VOFFST
Name
VOFFST, NAREA, DIST, KINC Generates a volume, offset from a given area. group: PREP7:Volumes product: MP ME ST DY PR EM EH FL PP ED
NAREA
Area from which generated volume is to be offset. If NAREA = P, graphical picking is enabled and all remaining command fields are ignored (valid only in the GUI).
DIST
Distance normal to given area at which keypoints for generated volume are to be located. Positive normal is determined from the right-hand rule keypoint order.
KINC
Increment to be applied to the keypoint numbers between sets. If zero, keypoint numbers will be automatically assigned beginning with the lowest available value [NUMSTR].
Notes
Generates a volume (and its corresponding keypoints, lines, and areas) by offsetting from an area. The direction of the offset varies with the given area normal. End slopes of the generated lines remain the same as those of the given pattern. If element attributes have been associated with the input area via the AATT command, the opposite area generated by the VOFFST operation will also have those attributes (i.e., the element attributes from the input area are copied to the opposite area). Note that only the area opposite the input area will have the same attributes as the input area; the areas adjacent to the input area will not. If the areas are meshed or belong to meshed volumes, a 3-D mesh can be extruded with this
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command. Note that the NDIV argument on the ESIZE command should be set before extruding the meshed areas.
Menu Paths
Main Menu>Preprocessor>Operate>Extrude>Along Normal
Prev VMESH Prev VOLUMES V Commands
Next VOLUMES Next
VOLUMES
Name
VOLUMES Specifies "Volumes" as the subsequent status topic. group: PREP7:Status product: MP ME ST DY PR EM FL PP ED
Notes
This is a status [STAT] topic command. Status topic commands are generated by the GUI and appear in the log file ( Jobname.LOG) if status is requested for some items by choosing Utility Menu>List>Status. This command will be immediately followed by a STAT command, which will report the status for the specified topic. If entered directly into the program, the STAT command should immediately follow this command.
Menu Paths
Prev VOFFST Prev *VOPER V Commands
Next *VOPER Next
*VOPER
Name
V Commands *VOPER, ParR, Par1, Oper, Par2, CON1, CON2 Operates on two array parameters. group: APDL:Array Parameters product: MP ME ST DY PR EM FL PP ED
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ParR
The name of the resulting array parameter vector. See *SET for name restrictions. The parameter must exist as a dimensioned array [*DIM].
Par1
First array parameter vector in the operation. May also be a scalar parameter or a literal constant.
Oper
Operations: ADD-Addition: Par1+Par2. SUB -Subtraction: Par1- Par2. MULT -Multiplication: Par1*Par2. DIV -Division: Par1/Par2 (a divide by zero results in a value of zero). MIN -Minimum: minimum of Par1 and Par2. MAX -Maximum: maximum of Par1 and Par2. LT -Less than comparison: Par1<Par2 gives 1.0 if true, 0.0 if false. LE -Less than or equal comparison: Par1
Par2
gives 1.0 if true, 0.0 if false.
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V Commands EQ -Equal comparison: Par1 = Par2 gives 1.0 if true, 0.0 if false. NE -Not equal comparison: Par1 GE -Greater than or equal comparison: Par1 GT -Greater than comparison: Par1>Par2 gives 1.0 if true, 0.0 if false. DER1 -Par2
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gives 1.0 if true, 0.0 if false.
Par2 gives 1.0 if true, 0.0 if false.
First derivative: d( Par1)/d( Par2). The derivative at a point is determined over points half way between the previous and next points (by linear interpolation). DER2 -Second derivative: d 2( Par1)/d( Par2)2 . See also DER1. INT1 -Single integral: Par1 d( Par2), where CON1 is the integration constant. The integral at a point is determined by using the single integration procedure described in the ANSYS, Inc. Theory Reference. INT2 -Double integral: Par1 d( Par2), where CON1 is the integration constant of the first integral and CON2 is the integration constant of the second integral. If Par1 contains acceleration data, CON1 is the initial velocity and CON2 is the initial displacement. See also INT1. DOT -Dot product: Par1 . Par2. Par1 and Par2 must each have three consecutive columns of data, with the columns containing the i, j, and k vector components, respectively. Only the starting row index and the column index for the i components are specified for Par1 and Par2, such as A(1,1). The j and k components of the vector are assumed to begin in the corresponding next columns, such as A(1,2) and A(1,3). CROSS -Cross product: Par1 x Par2. Par1, Par2, and ParR must each have 3 components, respectively. Only the starting row index and the column index for the i components are specified for Par1, Par2, and ParR, such as A(1,1). The j and k components of the vector are assumed to begin in the corresponding next columns, such as A(1,2) and A
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V Commands (1,3). GATH --
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Gather: For a vector of position numbers, Par2, copy the value of Par1 at each position number to ParR. Example: for Par1 = 10,20,30,40 and Par2 = 2,4,1; ParR = 20,40,10. SCAT -Scatter: Opposite of GATH operation. For a vector of position numbers, Par2, copy the value of Par1 to that position number in ParR. Example: for Par1 = 10,20,30,40,50 and Par2 = 2,1,0,5,3; ParR = 20,10,50,0,40.
Par2
Second array parameter vector in the operation. May also be a scalar parameter or a literal constant.
CON1
First constant (used only with the INT1 and INT2 operations).
CON2
Second constant (used only with the INT2 operation).
Notes
Operates on two input array parameter vectors and produces one output array parameter vector according to:
ParR
= Par1 o Par2
where the operations (o) are described below. ParR may be the same as Par1 or Par2. Absolute values and scale factors may be applied to all parameters [*VABS , *VFACT]. Results may be cumulative [*VCUM]. Starting array element numbers must be defined for each array parameter vector, such as *VOPER,A(1),B(5),ADD,C(3) which adds the third element of C to the fifth element of B and stores the result in the first element of A. Operations continue on successive array elements [*VLEN , *VMASK] with the default being all successive elements. Skipping array elements via *VMASK or *VLEN for the DER_ and INT_ functions skips only the writing of the results (skipped array element data are used in all calculations). Parameter functions and operations are available to operate on a scalar parameter or a single element of an array parameter, such as SQRT(B) or SQRT(A(4)). See the *SET command for details. Operations on a sequence of array elements can be done by repeating the desired function or operation in a do-loop [*DO]. The vector operations within the ANSYS program (*VXX commands) are internally programmed do-loops that conveniently perform the indicated operation over a sequence of array elements. If the array is multi-dimensional, only the first subscript is incremented in the do-loop, that is, the operation repeats in column vector fashion "down" the array. For example, for A(1,5), A(2,5), A(3,5), etc. The starting location of the row index must be defined for each parameter read and for the result written. The default number of loops is from the starting result location to the last result location and can be file://D:\Documents%20and%20Settings\Administrator\Local%20Settings\Temp\~hh... 20.05.2004
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altered with the *VLEN command. A logical mask vector may be defined to control at which locations the operations are to be skipped [*VMASK]. The default is to skip no locations. Repeat operations automatically terminate at the last array element of the result array column if the number of loops is undefined or if it exceeds the last result array element. Zeroes are used in operations for values read beyond the last array element of an input array column. Existing values in the rows and columns of the results matrix remain unchanged where not changed by the requested operation values. The result array column may be the same as the input array column since results in progress are stored in a temporary array until being moved to the results array at the end of the operation. Results may be overwritten or accumulated with the existing results [*VCUM]. The default is to overwrite results. The absolute value may be used for each parameter read or written [*VABS ]. A scale factor (defaulting to 1.0) is also applied to each parameter read and written [*VFACT]. This command is valid in any processor.
Menu Paths
Utility Menu>Parameters>Array Operations>Vector Operations
Prev VOLUMES Prev VOVLAP V Commands
Next VOVLAP Next
VOVLAP
Name
VOVLAP , NV1, NV2, NV3, NV4, NV5, NV6, NV7, NV8, NV9 Overlaps volumes. group: PREP7:Booleans product: MP ME ST DY PR EM EH FL PP ED
Numbers of volumes to be operated on. If NV1 = ALL, NV2 to NV9 are ignored and all selected volumes are used. If NV1 = P, graphical picking is enabled and all remaining command fields are ignored (valid only in the GUI). A component name may also be substituted for NV1.
Notes
Overlaps volumes. Generates new volumes which encompass the geometry of all the input volumes. The new volumes are defined by the regions of intersection of the input volumes, and by the complementary (non-intersecting) regions. See the ANSYS Modeling and Meshing Guide for an illustration. This operation is only valid when the region of intersection is a volume. See the BOPTN command for an explanation of the options available to Boolean operations. Element attributes and file://D:\Documents%20and%20Settings\Administrator\Local%20Settings\Temp\~hh... 20.05.2004
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solid model boundary conditions assigned to the original entities will not be transferred to the new entities generated.
Menu Paths
Main Menu>Preprocessor>Operate>Overlap>Volumes
Prev *VOPER Prev VPLOT V Commands
Next VPLOT Next
VPLOT
Name
VPLOT, NV1, NV2, NINC, DEGEN, SCALE Displays the selected volumes. group: PREP7:Volumes product: MP ME ST DY PR EM FL PP ED
NV1, NV2, NINC
Display volumes from NV1 to NV2 (defaults to NV1) in steps of NINC (defaults to 1). If NV1 = ALL (default), NV2 and NINC are ignored and all selected volumes [VSEL] are displayed.
DEGEN
Degeneracy marker: (blank) -No degeneracy marker is used (default). DEGE -A red star is placed on keypoints at degeneracies (see the ANSYS Modeling and Meshing Guide). Not available if /FACET,WIRE is set.
SCALE
Scale factor for the size of the degeneracy-marker star. The scale is the size in window space (1 to 1 in both directions) (defaults to .075).
Notes
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Displays selected volumes. (Only volumes having areas within the selected area set [ASEL] will be plotted.) With PowerGraphics on [/GRAPHICS,POWER], VPLOT will display only the currently selected areas. This command is also a utility command, valid anywhere. The degree of tessellation used to plot the volumes is set through the /FACET command.
Menu Paths
Main Menu>Preprocessor>Check Geom>Show Degeneracy>Plot Degen Volus Main Menu>Preprocessor>Operate>Show Degeneracy>Plot Degen Volus
Prev VOVLAP Prev *VPLOT V Commands
Next *VPLOT Next
*VPLOT
Name
*VPLOT, ParX, ParY, Y2, Y3, Y4, Y5, Y6, Y7, Y8 Graphs columns (vectors) of array parameters. group: APDL:Array Parameters product: MP ME ST DY PR EM FL PP ED
ParX
Name of the array parameter whose column vector values will be the abscissa of the graph. If blank, row subscript numbers are used instead. ParX is not sorted by the program.
ParY
Name of the array parameter whose column vector values will be graphed against the ParX values.
Y2, Y3, Y4, Y5, Y6, Y7, Y8
Additional column subscript of the ParY array parameter whose values are to be graphed against the ParX values.
Notes
The column to be graphed and the starting row for each array parameter must be specified as subscripts. Additional columns of the ParY array parameter may be graphed by specifying column numbers for Y2, Y3,...,Y8. For example, *VPLOT,TIME (4,6), DISP (8,1),2,3 specifies that the 1st, file://D:\Documents%20and%20Settings\Administrator\Local%20Settings\Temp\~hh... 20.05.2004
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2nd, and 3rd columns of array parameter DISP (all starting at row 8) are to be graphed against the 6th column of array parameter TIME (starting at row 4). The columns will be graphed from the starting row to their maximum extent. See the *VLEN and *VMASK commands to limit or skip data to be graphed. The array parameters specified on the *VPLOT command must be of the same type (type ARRAY or TABLE; [*DIM]. Arrays of type TABLE will be graphed as continuous curves. Arrays of type ARRAY will be displayed in bar chart fashion. The normal curve labeling scheme for *VPLOT is to label curve 1 COL 1, curve 2 COL 2 and so on. You can use the /GCOLUMN command to apply user-specifed labels (8 characters maximum) to your curves. See Modifying Curve Labels in the ANSYS APDL Programmer's Guide for more information on using /GCOLUMN. This command is valid in any processor.
Menu Paths
Utility Menu>Plot>Array Parameters
Prev VPLOT Prev VPTN V Commands
Next VPTN Next
VPTN
Name
VPTN, NV1, NV2, NV3, NV4, NV5, NV6, NV7, NV8, NV9 Partitions volumes. group: PREP7:Booleans product: MP ME ST DY PR EM EH FL PP ED
Numbers of volumes to be operated on. If NV1 = ALL, NV2 to NV9 are ignored and all selected volumes are used. If NV1 = P, graphical picking is enabled and all remaining command fields are ignored (valid only in the GUI). A component name may also be substituted for NV1.
Notes
Partitions volumes. Generates new volumes which encompass the geometry of all the input volumes. The new volumes are defined by the regions of intersection of the input volumes, and by the complementary (non-intersecting) regions. See the ANSYS Modeling and Meshing Guide for an illustration. See the BOPTN command for an explanation of the options available to Boolean
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operations. Element attributes and solid model boundary conditions assigned to the original entities will not be transferred to the new entities generated.
Menu Paths
Main Menu>Preprocessor>Operate>Partition>Volumes
Prev *VPLOT Prev VPUT V Commands
Next VPUT Next
VPUT
Name
VPUT , Par, IR, TSTRT, KCPLX Moves an array parameter vector into a variable. group: POST26:Special Purpose product: MP ME ST DY PR EM FL PP ED
Par

IR
TSTRT
Time (or frequency) corresponding to start of IR data. If between values, the nearer value is used.
KCPLX
Complex number key: 0 -Use the real part of the IR data. 1 -Use the imaginary part of the IR data. file://D:\Documents%20and%20Settings\Administrator\Local%20Settings\Temp\~hh... 20.05.2004
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Notes
At least one variable should be defined (NSOL , ESOL, RFORCE , etc.) before using this command. The starting array element number must be defined. For example, VPUT ,A(1),2 moves array parameter A to variable 2 starting at time 0.0. Looping continues from array element A(1) with the index number incremented by one until the variable is filled. Unfilled variable locations are assigned a zero value. The number of loops may be controlled with the *VLEN command (except that loop skipping (NINC) is not allowed). For multi-dimensioned array parameters, only the first (row) subscript is incremented.
Menu Paths
Main Menu>TimeHist Postpro>Table Operations>Parameter to Var
Prev VPTN Prev *VPUT V Commands
Next *VPUT Next
*VPUT
Name
*VPUT , ParR, Entity, ENTNUM, Item1, IT1NUM, Item2, IT2NUM, KLOOP Restores array parameter values into the ANSYS database. group: APDL:Array Parameters product: MP ME ST DY PR EM FL PP ED
ParR
The name of the input vector array parameter. See *SET for name restrictions. The parameter must exist as a dimensioned array [*DIM] with data input.
Entity
Entity keyword. Valid keywords are shown for Entity = in the table below.
ENTNUM
The number of the entity (as shown for ENTNUM= in the table below).
Item1
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The name of a particular item for the given entity. Valid items are as shown in the Item1 columns of the table below.
IT1NUM
The number (or label) for the specified Item1 (if any). Valid IT1NUM values are as shown in the IT1NUM columns of the table below. Some Item1 labels do not require an IT1NUM value.
Item2, IT2NUM
A second set of item labels and numbers to further qualify the item for which data is to be stored. Most items do not require this level of information.
KLOOP
Field to be looped on: 0 or 2 -Loop on the ENTNUM field (default). 3 -Loop on the Item1 field. 4 -Loop on the IT1NUM field. Successive items are as shown with IT1NUM. 5 -Loop on the Item2 field. 6 -Loop on the IT2NUM field. Successive items are as shown with IT2NUM.
Notes
The *VPUT command is not supported for PowerGraphics displays. Inconsistent results may be obtained if this command is not used in /GRAPHICS, FULL. Plot and print operations entered via the GUI (Utility Menu>Pltcrtls, Utility Menu>Plot) incorporate the AVPRIN command. This means that the principal and equivalent values are recalculated. If you use *VPUT to put data back into the database, issue the plot commads from the command line to preserve your data. This operation is basically the inverse of the *VGET operation. Vector items are put directly (without any coordinate system transformation) into the ANSYS database. Items can only replace existing items of the database and not create new items. Degree of freedom results that are replaced in the database are available for all subsequent postprocessing operations. Other results are changed temporarily and are available mainly for the immediately following print and display operations. The vector specification *VCUM does not apply to this command. The valid labels for the location fields
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(Entity, ENTNUM, Item1, and IT1NUM) are listed below. Item2 and IT2NUM are not currently used. Not all items from the *VGET list are allowed on *VPUT since putting values into some locations could cause the database to be inconsistent. This command is valid in any processor. *VPUT - POST1 Items = NODE, ENTNUM = n (node number) Item1 IT1NUM Description Valid labels for nodal degree of freedom results are: U X,Y,Z X, Y, or Z structural displacement. ROT X,Y,Z X, Y, or Z structural rotation. TEMP Temperature. PRES Pressure. VOLT Electric potential. MAG Magnetic scalar potential. V X,Y,Z X, Y, or Z fluid velocity. A X,Y,Z X, Y, or Z magnetic vector potential. CURR Current. EMF Electromotive force drop. ENKE Turbulent kinetic energy (FLOTRAN). ENDS Turbulent energy dissipation (FLOTRAN).
Entity
Valid labels for element nodal results are: Item1 IT1NUM Description S X,Y,Z,XY,YZ,XZ Component stress. " 1,2,3 Principal stress. " INT,EQV Stress intensity or equivalent stress. EPTO X,Y,Z,XY,YZ,XZ Component total strain (EPEL + EPPL + EPCR). " 1,2,3 Principal total strain. " INT,EQV Total strain intensity or total equivalent strain. EPEL X,Y,Z,XY,YZ,XZ Component elastic strain. " 1,2,3 Principal elastic strain. " INT,EQV Elastic strain intensity or elastic equivalent strain. EPPL X,Y,Z,XY,YZ,XZ Component plastic strain. " 1,2,3 Principal plastic strain. " INT,EQV Plastic strain intensity or plastic equivalent strain. EPCR X,Y,Z,XY,YZ,XZ Component creep strain. " 1,2,3 Principal creep strain. " INT,EQV Creep strain intensity or creep equivalent strain. EPTH X,Y,Z,XY,YZ,XZ Component thermal strain. " 1,2,3 Principal thermal strain. " INT,EQV Thermal strain intensity or thermal equivalent strain. EPSW Swelling strain. NL SEPL Equivalent stress (from stress-strain curve). file://D:\Documents%20and%20Settings\Administrator\Local%20Settings\Temp\~hh... 20.05.2004
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SRAT Stress state ratio. HPRES Hydrostatic pressure. EPEQ Accumulated equivalent plastic strain. PSV Plastic state variable. PLWK Plastic work/volume. TG X,Y,Z Component thermal gradient. TF X,Y,Z Component thermal flux. PG X,Y,Z Component pressure gradient. EF X,Y,Z Component electric field. D X,Y,Z Component electric flux density. H X,Y,Z Component magnetic field intensity. B X,Y,Z Component magnetic flux density. FMAG X,Y,Z Component magnetic force. Valid labels for FLOTRAN nodal results are: Item1 IT1NUM Description TTOT Total temperature. HFLU Heat flux. HFLM Heat transfer (film) coefficient. COND Fluid laminar conductivity. PCOE Pressure coefficient. PTOT Total (stagnation) pressure. MACH Mach number. STRM Stream function. (2-D applications only.) DENS Fluid density. VISC Fluid laminar viscosity. EVIS Fluid effective viscosity. ECON Fluid effective conductivity. YPLU Y+, a turbulent law of the wall parameter. TAUW Shear stress at the wall. Entity = ELEM, ENTNUM = n (element number) Valid labels for element results are: ETAB Lab Any user-defined element table label (see ETABLE command).
Menu Paths
Utility Menu>Parameters>Array Operations>Put Array Data
Prev VPUT Prev *VREAD V Commands
Next *VREAD Next
*VREAD
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Name
*VREAD, ParR, Fname, Ext, Dir, Label, n1, n2, n3, NSKIP Reads data and produces an array parameter vector or matrix. group: APDL:Parameters product: MP ME ST DY PR EM FL PP ED
ParR
The name of the resulting array parameter vector. See *SET for name restrictions. The parameter must exist as a dimensioned array [*DIM]. String arrays are limited to a maximum of 8 characters.
Fname
File name (32 characters maximum). If the Fname field is left blank, reading continues from the current input device, such as the terminal.
Ext

Dir

Label
Can take a value of IJK, IKJ, JIK, JKI, KIJ,KJI, or blank (IJK).
n1, n2, n3
Read as ((( ParR (i,j,k), k = 1,n1), i = 1, n2), j = 1, n3) for Label = KIJ. n2 and n3 default to 1.
NSKIP
Number of lines at the beginning of the file being read that will be skipped during the reading. Default = 0.
Notes
Reads data from a file and fills in an array parameter vector or matrix. Data are read from a formatted file or, if the menu is off [/MENU ,OFF] and Fname is blank, from the next input lines. The format of the data to be read must be input immediately following the *VREAD command. The format specifies the number of fields to be read per record, the field width, and the placement of the
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decimal point (if none specified in the value). The read operation follows the available FORTRAN FORMAT conventions of the system (see your system FORTRAN manual). Any standard FORTRAN real format (such as (4F6.0), (E10.3,2X,D8.2), etc.) or alphanumeric format (A) may be used. Alphanumeric strings are limited to a maximum of 8 characters for any field (A8). Integer (I) and list-directed (*) descriptors may not be used. The parentheses must be included in the format and the format must not exceed 80 characters (including parentheses). The input line length is limited to 128 characters. A starting array element number must be defined for the result array parameter vector (numeric or character). For example, entering these two lines:
*VREAD,A(1),ARRAYVAL (2F6.0)
will read two values from each line of file ARRAYVAL and assign the values to A(1), A(2), A(3), etc. Reading continues until successive row elements [*VLEN , *VMASK, *DIM] are filled. For an array parameter matrix, a starting array element row and column number must be defined. For example, entering these two lines:
VREAD,A(1,1),ARRAYVAL,,,IJK,10,2 (2F6.0)
will read two values from each line of file ARRAYVAL and assign the values to A(1.1), A(2,1), A (3,1), etc. Reading continues until n1 (10) successive row elements are filled. Once the maximum row number is reached, subsequent data will be read into the next column (e.g., A(1,2), A(2,2), A (3,2), etc.) For numerical parameters, absolute values and scale factors may be applied to the result parameter [*VABS , *VFACT]. Results may be cumulative [*VCUM]. See the *VOPER command for details. If you are in the GUI the *VREAD command must be contained in an externally prepared file read into the ANSYS program (i.e., *USE, /INPUT,etc.). This command is valid in any processor.
Menu Paths
Utility Menu>Parameters>Array Parameters>Read from File
Prev *VPUT Prev VROTAT V Commands
Next VROTAT Next
VROTAT
Name
VROTAT, NA1, NA2, NA3 , NA4, NA5, NA6, PAX1, PAX2, ARC, NSEG Generates cylindrical volumes
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V Commands by rotating an area pattern about an axis. group: PREP7:Volumes product: MP ME ST DY PR EM EH FL PP ED
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NA1, NA2, NA3, NA4, NA5, NA6
List of areas in the pattern to be rotated (6 maximum if using keyboard entry). Areas must lie to one side of, and in the plane of, the axis of rotation. If NA1 = P, graphical picking is enabled and all remaining command fields are ignored (valid only in the GUI). If NA1 = ALL, all selected areas will define the pattern to be rotated. A component name may also be substituted for NA1.
PAX1, PAX2
Keypoints defining the axis about which the area pattern is to be rotated.
ARC
NSEG
Number of volumes (8 maximum) around circumference. Defaults to minimum required for 90 (maximum) arcs, i.e., 4 for 360 , 3 for 270 , etc.
Notes
Generates cylindrical volumes (and their corresponding keypoints, lines, and areas) by rotating an area pattern (and its associated line and keypoint patterns) about an axis. Keypoint patterns are generated at regular angular locations (based on a maximum spacing of 90 ). Line patterns are generated at the keypoint patterns. Arc lines are also generated to connect the keypoints circumferentially. Keypoint, line, area, and volume numbers are automatically assigned (beginning with the lowest available values). Adjacent lines use a common keypoint, adjacent areas use a common line, and adjacent volumes use a common area. To generate a single volume with an arc greater than 180 , NSEG must be greater than or equal to 2.
If element attributes have been associated with the input area via the AATT command, the opposite area generated by the VROTAT operation will also have those attributes (i.e., the element attributes from the input area are copied to the opposite area). Note that only the area opposite the input area will have the same attributes as the input area; the areas adjacent to the input area will not. If the given areas are meshed or belong to meshed volumes, the 2-D mesh can be rotated (extruded) to a 3-D mesh. See the ANSYS Modeling and Meshing Guide for more information. Note that the NDIV argument on the ESIZE command should be set before extruding the meshed areas.
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Menu Paths
Prev *VREAD Prev VSBA V Commands
Next VSBA Next
VSBA
Name
VSBA, NV, NA, SEPO, KEEPV, KEEPA Subtracts areas from volumes. group: PREP7:Booleans product: MP ME ST DY PR EM EH FL PP ED
NV
Volume (or volumes, if picking is used) to be subtracted from. If ALL, use all selected volumes. If P, graphical picking is enabled (valid only in the GUI) and remaining fields are ignored. A component name may also be substituted for NV.
NA
Area (or areas, if picking is used) to subtract. If ALL, use all selected areas. A component name may also be substituted for NA.
SEPO
Behavior of the touching boundary: (blank) -The resulting volumes will share area(s) where they touch. SEPO -The resulting volumes will have separate, but coincident area(s) where they touch.
KEEPV
Specifies whether NV volumes are to be deleted: (blank) --
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Delete NV volumes after VSBA operation (override BOPTN command settings). KEEP -Keep NV volumes after VSBA operation (override BOPTN command settings).
KEEPA
Specifies whether NA areas are to be deleted: (blank) -Use the setting of KEEP on the BOPTN command. DELETE -Delete NA areas after VSBA operation (override BOPTN command settings). KEEP -Keep NA areas after VSBA operation (override BOPTN command settings).
Notes
Generates new volumes by subtracting the regions common to both the volumes and areas (the intersection) from the NV volumes. The intersection will be an area(s). If SEPO is blank, the volume is divided at the area and the resulting volumes will be connected, sharing a common area where they touch. If SEPO is set to SEPO, the volume is divided into two unconnected volumes with separate areas where they touch. See the ANSYS Modeling and Meshing Guidefor an illustration. See the BOPTN command for an explanation of the options available to Boolean operations. Element attributes and solid model boundary conditions assigned to the original entities will not be transferred to the new entities generated.
Menu Paths
Main Menu>Preprocessor>Operate>Divide>Volume by Area Main Menu>Preprocessor>Operate>Divide>With Options>Volume by Area
Prev VROTAT Prev VSBV V Commands
Next VSBV Next
VSBV
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Name
VSBV, NV1, NV2, SEPO, KEEP1, KEEP2 Subtracts volumes from volumes. group: PREP7:Booleans product: MP ME ST DY PR EM EH FL PP ED
NV1
Volume (or volumes, if picking is used) to be subtracted from. If ALL, use all selected volumes. Volumes specified in this argument are not available for use in the NV2 argument. If P, graphical picking is enabled (valid only in the GUI) and remaining fields are ignored. A component name may also be substituted for NV1.
NV2
Volume (or volumes, if picking is used) to subtract. If ALL, use all selected volumes (except those included in the NV1 argument). A component name may also be substituted for NV2.
SEPO
Behavior if the intersection of the NV1 volumes and the NV2 volumes is an area or areas: (blank) -The resulting volumes will share area(s) where they touch. SEPO -The resulting volumes will have separate, but coincident area(s) where they touch.
KEEP1
Specifies whether NV1 volumes are to be deleted: (blank) -Use the setting of KEEP on the BOPTN command. DELETE -Delete NV1 volumes after VSBV operation (override BOPTN command settings). KEEP -Keep NV1 volumes after VSBV operation (override BOPTN command settings).
KEEP2
Specifies whether NV2 volumes are to be deleted: (blank) -file://D:\Documents%20and%20Settings\Administrator\Local%20Settings\Temp\~hh... 20.05.2004
V Commands Use the setting of KEEP on the BOPTN command. DELETE --
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Delete NV2 volumes after VSBV operation (override BOPTN command settings). KEEP -Keep NV2 volumes after VSBV operation (override BOPTN command settings).
Notes
Generates new volumes by subtracting the regions common to both NV1 and NV2 volumes (the intersection) from the NV1 volumes. The intersection can be an volume(s) or area(s). If the intersection is an area and SEPO is blank, the NV1 volume is divided at the area and the resulting volumes will be connected, sharing a common area where they touch. If SEPO is set to SEPO, NV1 is divided into two unconnected volumes with separate areas where they touch. See the ANSYS Modeling and Meshing Guide for an illustration. See the BOPTN command for an explanation of the options available to Boolean operations. Element attributes and solid model boundary conditions assigned to the original entities will not be transferred to the new entities generated. VSBV,ALL,ALL will have no effect since all the volumes (in NV1) will be unavailable as NV2 volumes.
Menu Paths
Main Menu>Preprocessor>Operate>Subtract>Volumes Main Menu>Preprocessor>Operate>Subtract>With Options>Volumes Main Menu>Preprocessor>Operate>Volumes
Prev VSBA Prev VSBW V Commands
Next VSBW Next
VSBW
Name
VSBW, NV, SEPO, KEEP Subtracts intersection of the working plane from volumes (divides volumes). group: PREP7:Booleans product: MP ME ST DY PR EM EH FL PP ED
V Commands
NV
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Volume (or volumes, if picking is used) to be subtracted from. If NV = ALL, use all selected volumes. If NV = P, graphical picking is enabled (valid only in the GUI). A component name may also be input for NV.
SEPO
Behavior of the created boundary. (blank) -The resulting volumes will share area(s) where they touch. SEPO -The resulting volumes will have separate, but coincident area(s).
KEEP
Specifies whether NV volumes are to be deleted. (blank) -Use the setting of KEEP on the BOPTN command. DELETE -Delete NV volumes after VSBW operation (override BOPTN command settings). KEEP -Keep NV volumes after VSBW operation (override BOPTN command settings).
Notes
Generates new volumes by subtracting the intersection of the working plane from the NV volumes. The intersection will be an area(s). If SEPO is blank, the volume is divided at the area and the resulting volumes will be connected, sharing a common area where they touch. If SEPO is set to SEPO, the volume is divided into two unconnected volumes with separate areas. See the ANSYS Modeling and Meshing Guide for an illustration. See the BOPTN command for an explanation of the options available to Boolean operations. Element attributes and solid model boundary conditions assigned to the original entities will not be transferred to the new entities generated.
Menu Paths
Main Menu>Preprocessor>Operate>Divide>Volu by WrkPlane Main Menu>Preprocessor>Operate>Divide>With Options>Volu by WrkPlane Main Menu>Preprocessor>Operate>Volu by WrkPlane
Prev VSBV
Next /VSCALE
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Prev
Next
/VSCALE
Name
/VSCALE, WN, VRATIO, KEY Scales the length of displayed vectors. group: GRAPHICS:Scaling product: MP ME ST DY PR EM FL PP ED
WN

VRATIO
Ratio value applied to the automatically calculated scale factor (defaults to 1.0, i.e., use scale factor as automatically calculated).
KEY
Relative scaling key: 0 -Use relative length scaling among vectors based on magnitudes. 1 -Use uniform length scaling for all vector lengths.
Command Default
Automatic vector scaling.
Notes
Allows scaling of the vector length displayed with the PLVECT command of POST1 and the /PBC and /PSF commands. Also allows the scaling of the element (i.e./PSYMB,ESYS) and the nodal (i.e./PSYMB,NDIR) coordinate system symbols. This command is valid in any processor.
Menu Paths
V Commands Main Menu>General Postproc>Plot Results>Predefined Utility Menu>PlotCtrls>Style>Vector Arrow Scaling Utility Menu>Plot>Results>Vector Plot
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Prev VSBW Prev *VSCFUN V Commands
Next *VSCFUN Next
*VSCFUN
Name
*VSCFUN, ParR, Func, Par1 Determines properties of an array parameter. group: APDL:Array Parameters product: MP ME ST DY PR EM FL PP ED
ParR
The name of the resulting scalar parameter. See *SET for name restrictions.
Func
Functions: MAX -Maximum: the maximum Par1 array element value. MIN -Minimum: the minimum Par1 array element value. LMAX -Index location of the maximum Par1 array element value. Array Par1 is searched starting from its specified index. LMIN -Index location of the minimum Par1 array element value. Array Par1 is searched starting from its specified index. FIRST --
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Index location of the first nonzero value in array Par1. Array Par1 is searched starting from its specified index. LAST -Index location of the last nonzero value in array Par1. Array Par1 is searched starting from its specified index. SUM -Sum: Par1 (the summation of the Par1 array element values). MEDI -Median: value of Par1 at which there are an equal number of values above and below. MEAN -Mean: ( VARI -Variance: ( STDV -Standard deviation: square root of VARI. RMS -Root-mean-square: square root of ( NUM -Number: the number of summed values (masked values are not counted).
Par1
Par1)/NUM, where NUM is the number of summed values.
((Par1-MEAN)**2))/NUM.
(Par1**2))/NUM.
Notes
Operates on one input array parameter vector and produces one output scalar parameter according to:
ParR
= f( Par1)
where the functions (f) are described below. The starting array element number must be defined for the array parameter vector. For example, *VSCFUN,MU,MEAN,A(1) finds the mean of the A vector values, starting from the first value and stores the result as parameter MU. Operations use successive array elements [*VLEN, *VMASK] with the default being all successive array elements. Absolute values and scale factors may be applied to all parameters [*VABS , *VFACT]. Results may be cumulative [*VCUM]. See the *VOPER command for details.
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Menu Paths
Utility Menu>Parameters>Array Operations>Vector-Scalar Func
Prev /VSCALE Prev VSEL V Commands
Next VSEL Next
VSEL
Name
VSEL, Type, Item, Comp, VMIN, VMAX, VINC, KSWP Selects a subset of volumes. group: DATABASE:Selecting product: MP ME ST DY PR EM FL PP ED
Type
Label identifying the type of volume select: S -Select a new set (default). R -Reselect a set from the current set. A -Additionally select a set and extend the current set. U -Unselect a set from the current set. ALL -Restore the full set. NONE --
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V Commands Unselect the full set. INVE -Invert the current set (selected becomes unselected and vice versa). STAT -Display the current select status. The following fields are used only with Type = S,R,A, or U:
Item
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Label identifying data. Valid item labels are shown in the table below. Some items also require a component label. If Item = P, graphical picking is enabled and all remaining command fields are ignored (valid only in the GUI). Defaults to VOLU.
Comp
VMIN
Minimum value of item range. Ranges are volume numbers, coordinate values, attribute numbers, etc., as appropriate for the item. A component name (as specified on the CM command) may also be substituted for VMIN (VMAX and VINC are ignored). If Item = MAT, TYPE, REAL, or ESYS and if VMIN is positive, the absolute value of Item is compared against the range for selection; if VMIN is negative, the signed value of Item is compared. See the VLIST command for a discussion of signed attributes.
VMAX
Maximum value of item range. VMAX defaults to VMIN. If VMAX = VMIN , a tolerance of 0.005xVMIN is used, or 1.0E-6 if VMIN = 0.0. If VMAX VMIN, a tolerance of 1.0E-8x (VMAX- VMIN) is used.
VINC
Value increment within range. Used only with integer ranges (such as for volume numbers). Defaults to 1. VINC cannot be negative.
KSWP
Specifies whether only volumes are to be selected: 0 -Select volumes only. 1 -Select volumes, as well as keypoints, lines, areas, nodes, and elements associated with selected volumes. Valid only with Type = S. file://D:\Documents%20and%20Settings\Administrator\Local%20Settings\Temp\~hh... 20.05.2004
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Command Default
All volumes are selected.
Notes
Selects volumes based on values of a labeled item and component. For example, to select a new set of volumes based on volume numbers 1 through 7, use VSEL,S,VOLU,,1,7. The subset is used when the ALL label is entered (or implied) on other commands, such as VLIST,ALL. Only data identified by volume number are selected. Data are flagged as selected and unselected; no data are actually deleted from the database. This command is valid in any processor. VSEL - Valid Item and Component Labels VSELType, Item, Comp, VMIN, VMAX, VINC, KABS Item Comp Description VOLU Volume number. LOC X,Y,Z X,Y, or Z center (picking "hot spot" location in the active coordinate system). MAT Material number associated with the volume. TYPE Element type number associated with the volume. REAL Real constant set number associated with the volume. ESYS Element coordinate system associated with the volume.
Menu Paths
Prev *VSCFUN Prev VSLA V Commands
Next VSLA Next
VSLA
Name
VSLA, Type, VLKEY Selects those volumes containing the selected areas. group: DATABASE:Selecting product: MP ME ST DY PR EM FL PP ED
V Commands
Type
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Label identifying the type of volume select: S -Select a new set (default). R -Reselect a set from the current set. A -Additionally select a set and extend the current set. U -Unselect a set from the current set.
VLKEY
Specifies whether all contained volume areas must be selected [ASEL]: 0 -Select volume if any of its areas are in the selected area set. 1 -Select volume only if all of its areas are in the selected area set.
Notes
Menu Paths
Prev VSEL Prev *VSTAT V Commands
Next *VSTAT Next
*VSTAT
Name
*VSTAT Lists the current specifications for the array parameters. file://D:\Documents%20and%20Settings\Administrator\Local%20Settings\Temp\~hh... 20.05.2004
V Commands group: APDL:Array Parameters product: MP ME ST DY PR EM FL PP ED
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Notes
Lists the current specifications for the *VABS , *VCOL, *VCUM, *VFACT, *VLEN, and *VMASK commands. This command is valid in any processor.
Menu Paths
Prev VSLA Prev VSUM V Commands
Next VSUM Next
VSUM
Name
VSUM, LAB Calculates and prints geometry statistics of the selected volumes. group: PREP7:Volumes product: MP ME ST DY PR EM FL PP ED
LAB
Controls the degree of tessellation used in the calculation of area properties. If LAB = DEFAULT, area calculations will use the degree of tessellation set through the /FACET command. If LAB = FINE, area calculations are based on a finer tessellation.
Notes
Calculates and prints geometry statistics (volume, centroid location, moments of inertia, etc.) associated with the selected volumes. Geometry items are reported in the global Cartesian coordinate system. A unit density is assumed unless the volumes have a material association via the VATT command. Items calculated by VSUM and later retrieved by a *GET or *VGET command are valid only if the model is not modified after the VSUM command is issued. Setting a finer degree of tessellation will provide area calculations with greater accuracy, especially file://D:\Documents%20and%20Settings\Administrator\Local%20Settings\Temp\~hh... 20.05.2004
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for thin, hollow models. However, using a finer degree of tessellation requires longer processing. For very thin volumes, such that the ratio of the minimum to the maximum dimension is less than 0.01, the VSUM command can provide erroneous volume information. To ensure that such calculations are accurate, make certain that you subdivide such volumes so that the ratio of the minimum to the maximum is at least 0.05.
Menu Paths
Main Menu>Preprocessor>Operate>Calc Geom Items>Of Volumes
Prev *VSTAT Prev VSWEEP V Commands
Next VSWEEP Next
VSWEEP
Name
VSWEEP , VNUM, SRCA, TRGA, LSMO Fills an existing unmeshed volume with elements by sweeping the mesh from an adjacent area through the volume. group: PREP7:Meshing product: MP ME ST DY PR EM FL PP ED
VNUM
Number identifying the volume that is to be meshed by VSWEEP . If VNUM = P, graphical picking is enabled, you will be prompted to choose the volume or volumes based on the setting of EXTOPT,VSWE,AUTO. This argument is required. ALL is a valid input value that when selected sends all the selected volumes to the sweeper. If VNUM = ALL, each volume that can be swept will be and those not able to be swept will be unmeshed or meshed with tets depending upon the setting of EXTOPT,VSWE,TETS. A component name is a valid input value. All volumes that are are part of the specified component will be sent to the sweeper.
SRCA
Number identifying the source area. This is the area whose mesh will provide the pattern for the volume elements. (If you do not mesh the source area prior to volume sweeping, ANSYS meshes it internally when you initiate volume sweeping.) ANSYS sweeps the pattern of the area elements through the volume to create the mesh of volume elements. You cannot
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This argument is optional. If VNUM = ALL or is a component containing more than one volume, SRCA is ignored. If SRCA is not provided or if it is ignored, VSWEEP attempts to automatically determine which area should be the target area.
TRGA
Number identifying the target area. This is the area that is opposite the source area specified by SRCA. You cannot substitute a component name for TRGA. This argument is optional. If VNUM = ALL or component containing more than one volume, TRGA is ignored. If TRGA is not provided or if it is ignored, VSWEEP attempts to automatically determine which area should be the target area.
LSMO
Value specifying whether ANSYS should perform line smoothing during volume sweeping. (The value of this argument controls line smoothing for the VSWEEP command only; it has no effect on the setting of the MOPT command's LSMO option.) This argument is optional. 0 -Do not perform line smoothing. This is the default. 1 -Always perform line smoothing. This setting is not recommended for large models due to speed considerations.
Notes
If the source mesh consists of quadrilateral elements, ANSYS fills the volume with hexahedral elements. If the source mesh consists of triangles, ANSYS fills the volume with wedges. If the source mesh consists of a combination of quadrilaterals and triangles, ANSYS fills the volume with a combination of hexahedral and wedge elements. In the past, you may have used the VROTAT , VEXT, VOFFST, and/or VDRAG commands to extrude a meshed area into a meshed volume. However, those commands create the volume and the volume mesh simultaneously. In contrast, the VSWEEP command is intended for use in an existing unmeshed volume. This makes VSWEEP particularly useful when you have imported a solid model that was created in another program, and you want to mesh it in ANSYS. For related information, see the description of the EXTOPT command, as well as the detailed discussion of volume sweeping in Meshing Your Solid Model of the ANSYS Modeling and Meshing Guide.
Menu Paths
Main Menu>Preprocessor>Mesh>Sweep
Prev
Next
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V Commands VSUM Prev VSYMM V Commands
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VSYMM
Name
VSYMM, Ncomp, NV1, NV2, NINC, KINC, NOELEM, IMOVE Generates volumes from a volume pattern by symmetry reflection. group: PREP7:Volumes product: MP ME ST DY PR EM EH FL PP ED
Ncomp

NV1, NV2, NINC
Reflect volumes from pattern beginning with NV1 to NV2 (defaults to NV1) in steps of NINC (defaults to 1). If NV1 = ALL, NV2 and NINC are ignored and the pattern is all selected volumes [VSEL]. If NV1 = P, graphical picking is enabled and all remaining command fields are ignored (valid only in the GUI). A component name may also be substituted for NV1 ( NV2 and NINC are ignored).
KINC
NOELEM
Specifies whether nodes and elements are also to be generated: 0 --
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Generate nodes and elements associated with the original volumes, if they exist. 1 -Do not generate nodes and elements.
IMOVE
Specifies whether volumes will be moved or newly defined: 0 -Generate additional volumes. 1 -Move original volumes to new position retaining the same keypoint numbers ( KINC and NOELEM are ignored). Corresponding meshed items are also moved if not needed at their original position.
Notes
Generates a reflected set of volumes (and their corresponding keypoints, lines, areas and mesh) from a given volume pattern by a symmetry reflection (see analogous node symmetry command, NSYM). The MAT, TYPE, REAL, and ESYS attributes are based upon the volumes in the pattern and not upon the current settings. Reflection is done in the active coordinate system by changing a particular coordinate sign. The active coordinate system must be a Cartesian system. Volumes in the pattern may have been generated in any coordinate system. However, solid modeling in a toroidal coordinate system is not recommended. Volumes are generated as described in the VGEN command.
Menu Paths
Main Menu>Preprocessor>Reflect>Volumes
Prev VSWEEP Prev VTRAN V Commands
Next VTRAN Next
VTRAN
Name
VTRAN, KCNTO, NV1, NV2, NINC, KINC, NOELEM, IMOVE Transfers a pattern of volumes to another coordinate system. group: PREP7:Volumes product: MP ME ST DY PR EM EH FL PP ED file://D:\Documents%20and%20Settings\Administrator\Local%20Settings\Temp\~hh... 20.05.2004
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KCNTO
NV1, NV2, NINC
Transfer volumes from pattern beginning with NV1 to NV2 (defaults to NV1) in steps of NINC (defaults to 1). If NV1 = ALL, NV2 and NINC are ignored and the pattern is all selected volumes [VSEL]. If NV1 = P, graphical picking is enabled and all remaining command fields are ignored (valid only in the GUI). A component name may also be substituted for NV1 ( NV2 and NINC are ignored).
KINC
NOELEM
Specifies whether elements and nodes are also to be generated: 0 -Generate nodes and elements associated with the original volumes, if they exist. 1 -Do not generate nodes and elements.
IMOVE
Specifies whether to redefine the existing volumes: 0 -Generate additional volumes. 1 -Move original volumes to new position retaining the same keypoint numbers ( KINC and NOELM are ignored). Corresponding meshed items are also moved if not needed at their original position.
Notes
Transfers a pattern of volumes (and their corresponding keypoints, lines, areas and mesh) from one coordinate system to another (see analogous node transfer command, TRANSFER). The MAT, TYPE, REAL, and ESYS attributes are based upon the volumes in the pattern and not upon the current settings. Coordinate systems may be translated and rotated relative to each other. Initial pattern may be generated in any coordinate system. However, solid modeling in a toroidal coordinate
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system is not recommended. Coordinate and slope values are interpreted in the active coordinate system and are transferred directly. Volumes are generated as described in the VGEN command.
Menu Paths
Main Menu>Preprocessor>Move / Modify>Transfer Coord>Volumes
Prev VSYMM Prev VTYPE V Commands
Next VTYPE Next
VTYPE
Name
VTYPE, NOHID, NZONE Specifies the viewing procedure used to determine the form factors for the Radiation Matrix method. group: AUX12:Radiation Substructures product: MP ME ST PR PP ED
NOHID
Type of viewing procedure: 0 -Hidden procedure. 1 -Non-hidden (faster, but less general) procedure.
NZONE
Number of sampling zones for the hidden procedure (100 maximum for 3-D, 1000 maximum for 2-D). Defaults to 20 for 3-D, 200 for 2-D. Number of points is 2*NZONE for 2-D and 2*NZONE*(NZONE+1) for 3-D.
Command Default
Hidden procedure using 20 zones for 3-D, 200 zones for 2-D.
Menu Paths
V Commands Main Menu>Radiation Opt>Write Matrix
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Prev VTRAN Prev /VUP V Commands
Next /VUP Next
/VUP
Name
/VUP, WN, Label Specifies the global Cartesian coordinate system reference orientation. group: GRAPHICS:Views product: MP ME ST DY PR EM FL PP ED
WN

Label
Orientation: Y -Y vertical upward, X horizontal to the right, Z out from the screen (default). -Y -Y vertical downward, X horizontal to the left, Z out from the screen. X -X vertical upward, Y horizontal to the left, Z out from the screen. -X -X vertical downward, Y horizontal to the right, Z out from the screen. Z -Z vertical upward, Y horizontal to the right, X out from the screen. With this choice, you should use a view other than the /VIEW default of (0,0,1). -Z --
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Z vertical downward, Y horizontal to the left, X out from the screen. With this choice, you should use a view other than the /VIEW default of (0,0,1).
Command Default
Y vertical upward, X horizontal to the right, Z out from the screen.
Notes
Specifies the global Cartesian coordinate system reference orientation. The /VIEW and /ANGLE commands may be used to reorient the view and are relative to this reference orientation. All coordinate systems are right-handed. This command is valid in any processor.
Menu Paths
Utility Menu>PlotCtrls>View Settings>Viewing Direction
Prev VTYPE Prev *VWRITE V Commands
Next *VWRITE Next
*VWRITE
Name
*VWRITE, Par1, Par2, Par3, Par4, Par5, Par6, Par7, Par8, Par9, Par10 Writes data to a file in a formatted sequence. group: APDL:Array Parameters product: MP ME ST DY PR EM FL PP ED
Par1, Par2, Par3, Par4, Par5, Par6, Par7, Par8, Par9, Par10
You can write up to 10 parameters (or constants) at a time. Any Par values after a blank Par value are ignored. If you leave them all blank, one line will be written (to write a title or a blank line). If you input the keyword SEQU, a sequence of numbers (starting from 1) will be written for that item.
Notes
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You use *VWRITE to write data to a file in a formatted sequence. Data items (Par1, Par2, etc.) may be array parameters, scalar parameters, character parameters (scalar or array), or constants. You must evaluate expressions and functions in the data item fields before using the *VWRITE command, since initially they will be evaluated to a constant and remain constant throughout the operation. Unless a file is defined with the *CFOPEN command, data is written to the standard output file. Data written to the standard output file may be diverted to a different file by first switching the current output file with the /OUTPUT command. You can also use the *MWRITE command to write data to a specified file. Both commands contain format descriptors on the line immediately following the command. The format descriptors can be in either Fortran or C format. You must enclose Fortran format descriptors in parentheses. They must immediately follow the *VWRITE command on a separate line of the same input file. Do not include the word FORMAT. The format must specify the number of fields to be written per line, the field width, the placement of the decimal point, etc. You should use one field descriptor for each data item written. The write operation uses your system's available FORTRAN FORMAT conventions (see your system FORTRAN manual). You can use any standard FORTRAN real format (such as (4F6.0), (E10.3,2X,D8.2), etc.) and alphanumeric format (A). Alphanumeric strings are limited to a maximum of 8 characters for any field (A8) using the Fortran format. Use the C format for string arrays larger than 8 characters. Integer (I) and list-directed (*) descriptors may not be used. You can include text in the format as a quoted string. The parentheses must be included in the format and the format must not exceed 80 characters (including parentheses). The output line length is limited to 128 characters. The C format descriptors are used if the first line of the format descriptor is not a left parenthesis. C format descriptors are up to 80 characters long, consisting of text strings and predefined "data descriptors" between the strings where numeric or alphanumeric character data will be inserted. The normal descriptors are %I for integer data, %G for double precision data, %C for alphanumeric character data, and %/ for a line break. Each descriptor must be preceded by a blank. There must be one data descriptor for each specified value (8 maximum) in the order of the specified values. The enhanced formats described in *MSG may also be used. For array parameter items, you must define the starting array element number. Looping continues (incrementing the vector index number of each array parameter by one) each time you output a line, until the maximum array vector element is written. For example, *VWRITE,A(1) followed by (F6.0) will write one value per output line, i.e., A(1), A(2), A(3), A(4), etc. You write constants and scalar parameters with the same values for each loop. You can also control the number of loops and loop skipping with the *VLEN and *VMASK commands. The vector specifications *VABS , *VFACT, and *VCUM do not apply to this command. If looping continues beyond the supplied data array's length, zeros will be output for numeric array parameters and blanks for character array parameters. For multi-dimensioned array parameters, only the first (row) subscript is incremented. See the *VOPER command for details. If you are in the GUI, the *VWRITE command must be contained in an externally prepared file and read into ANSYS (i.e., *USE, /INPUT, etc.). This command is valid in any processor.
Menu Paths
Utility Menu>Parameters>Array Parameters>Write to File
Prev /VUP
Next W Commands
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W Commands W Commands ANSYS Commands Reference
Page 1 of 18
Prev
Next
W Commands
Table of Contents /WAIT WAVES WERASE WFRONT /WINDOW WMID WMORE WPAVE WPCSYS WPLANE WPOFFS WPROTA WPSTYL WRITE WSORT WSTART
Prev *VWRITE Prev /WAIT W Commands
Next /WAIT Next
/WAIT
Name
/WAIT, DTIME Causes a delay before the reading of the next command. group: APDL:Process Controls product: MP ME ST DY PR EM FL PP ED
DTIME
Time delay (in seconds). Maximum time delay is 59 seconds.
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Notes
The command following the /WAIT will not be processed until the specified wait time increment has elapsed. Useful when reading from a prepared input file to cause a pause, for example, after a display command so that the display can be reviewed for a period of time. Another "wait" feature is available via the *ASK command. This command is valid in any processor.
Menu Paths
Prev W Commands Prev WAVES W Commands
Next WAVES Next
WAVES
Name
WAVES , Wopt, OLDMAX, OLDRMS Initiates reordering. group: PREP7:Element Reordering product: MP ME ST PR EM PP ED
Wopt
Option for comparison: MAX-Use maximum wavefront value for comparison (default). RMS-Use RMS wavefront value for comparison.
OLDMAX, OLDRMS
Maximum and RMS wavefront values of model to be used in place of the old values. OLDRMS defaults to OLDMAX (and vice versa). If neither is specified, each defaults to its calculated old value.
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Notes
Initiates the element reordering based upon the previously defined starting wave lists (if any). Reordering affects only the element order for the solution phase and not the element numbers (input referring to element numbers, such as element pressures, is unaffected by reordering).
Note
The new order is retained only if new the new maximum or RMS wavefront values are lower than the old values, as described below. See the WSORT command for another reordering procedure. The resulting element ordering can be shown by listing the wavefront history [WFRONT,1] or by displaying elements with their element location numbers [ /PNUM]. The WAVES reordering procedure is based upon a list of nodes defining where the element reordering is to start (either input on the WSTART command, or automatically determined if not input). If a list is input, additional starting wave lists may be defined to allow the user to block or guide the wave. An input starting list usually consists of one node for a line element model, a line of nodes for an area element model, or a plane of nodes for a volume element model. Elements are ordered from the first starting wave list in a direction that attempts to minimize the wavefront. Nodes are deleted and added to the total wave list set as reordering progresses through the model. Elements attached to nodes on succeeding starting lists, if any, are ignored at this time, thereby temporarily blocking that path. Whenever no more elements can be reordered, the procedure is repeated starting from the nodes defined on the second starting list (if any). The same node number should not appear on more than one list. If no starting list is input, a starting node is automatically selected from an element weighting procedure (see the ANSYS, Inc. Theory Reference). Reordering may be made from the previously reordered model or from the initial model (by issuing the SAVE command before reordering and then restoring that model back to PREP7 with the RESUME command after reordering). The WFRONT command is useful for calculating and printing the current wavefront statistics at any time without causing any reordering of the elements. If a model is to be used for both a thermal and a structural analysis, the reordered statistics should be based upon the structural model (because of the higher number of degrees of freedom per node). The reordering procedure treats separate portions of the model (i.e., not connected by elements) as discontinuous. Reordering automatically continues across a discontinuity as best as possible.
Menu Paths
Main Menu>Preprocessor>Numbering Ctrls>Element Reorder>Reorder by List
Prev /WAIT Prev WERASE W Commands
Next WERASE Next
WERASE
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Name
WERASE Erases all reordering wave lists. group: PREP7:Element Reordering product: MP ME ST PR EM PP ED
Notes
The REORDER then STAT commands will display the current wave lists.
Menu Paths
Main Menu>Preprocessor>Numbering Ctrls>Element Reorder>Erase Wave List
Prev WAVES Prev WFRONT W Commands
Next WFRONT Next
WFRONT
Name
WFRONT, KPRNT, KCALC Estimates wavefront statistics. group: PREP7:Element Reordering product: MP ME ST PR EM PP ED
KPRNT
Wavefront history print key: 0 -Print current wavefront statistics. 1 -Print current wavefront statistics but also print wavefront history (wavefront at each element). Elements are listed in the reordered sequence.
KCALC
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W Commands Calculation options: 0 --
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Wavefront estimate assumes maximum model DOF set at each node and does not include the effects of master degrees of freedom and specified displacement constraints. 1 -Wavefront estimate uses the actual DOF set at each node and does not include the effects of master degrees of freedom and specified displacement constraints. More time consuming than estimated wavefront. KPRNT = 1 is not available with this option.
Notes
Estimates wavefront statistics of the model as currently ordered.
Menu Paths
Main Menu>Preprocessor>Numbering Ctrls>Element Reorder>Est. Wavefront
Prev WERASE Prev /WINDOW W Commands
Next /WINDOW Next
/WINDOW
Name
/WINDOW, WN, XMIN, XMAX, YMIN, YMAX, NCOPY Defines the window size on the screen. group: GRAPHICS:Set Up product: MP ME ST DY PR EM FL PP ED
WN
Window reference number (1 to 5). Defaults to 1. This number, or ALL (for all active windows), may be used on other commands.
XMIN, XMAX, YMIN, YMAX
Screen coordinates defining window size. Screen coordinates are measured as -1.0 to 1.67 with the origin at the screen center. For example, (-1,1.67,-1,1) is full screen, (-1,0,-1,0) is the left bottom quadrant. If XMIN = OFF, deactivate this previously defined window; if ON, reactivate
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this previously defined window. If FULL, LEFT, RIGH, TOP, BOT, LTOP, LBOT, RTOP, RBOT, form full, half, or quarter window. If SQUA, form largest square window within the current graphics area. If DELE, delete this window (cannot be reactivated with ON).
NCOPY
Copies the current specifications from window NCOPY (1 to 5) to this window. If NCOPY = 0 (or blank), no specifications are copied.
Command Default
One window at full screen.
Notes
Defines the window size on the screen. Windows may occupy a separate section of the screen or they may overlap. Requested displays are formed in all windows according to the selected window specifications. This command is valid in any processor.
Menu Paths
Utility Menu>PlotCtrls>Window Controls>Copy Window Specs Utility Menu>PlotCtrls>Window Controls>Delete Window Utility Menu>PlotCtrls>Window Controls>Window Layout Utility Menu>PlotCtrls>Window Controls>Window On or Off
Prev WFRONT Prev WMID W Commands
Next WMID Next
WMID
Name
WMID, Key Specifies reordering options for the WAVES command. group: PREP7:Element Reordering product: MP ME ST PR EM PP ED
Key
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W Commands Determines whether midside nodes are considered when reordering. NO -Do not consider midside nodes when reordering (default). YES --
Page 7 of 18
Consider midside nodes when reordering. This option is useful for models where line elements are only attached to midside nodes of solid elements.
Menu Paths
Prev /WINDOW Prev WMORE W Commands
Next WMORE Next
WMORE
Name
WMORE, NODE1, NODE2, NINC, ITIME, INC Adds more nodes to the starting wave list. group: PREP7:Element Reordering product: MP ME ST PR EM PP ED
NODE1, NODE2, NINC
Add another node set to the previous starting wave list. Set is NODE1 to NODE2 (defaults to NODE1) in steps of NINC (defaults to 1). If NODE1 is negative, delete (instead of add) this node set from previous starting wave list.
ITIME, INC
Add other node sets to the same starting wave list by repeating the previous node set with NODE1 and NODE2 incremented by INC (defaults to 1) each time after the first. ITIME is the total number of sets (defaults to 1) defined with this command.
Notes
Adds more nodes to (or modifies) the previous starting wave list (if any) [WSTART ]. Repeat WMORE command to add more nodes to the previous starting wave list. Up to 10,000 nodes may
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W Commands be defined (total, for all starting waves).
Page 8 of 18
Menu Paths
Main Menu>Preprocessor>Numbering Ctrls>Element Reorder>Extend Wave List
Prev WMID Prev WPAVE W Commands
Next WPAVE Next
WPAVE
Name
WPAVE , X1, Y1, Z1, X2, Y2, Z2, X3, Y3, Z3 Moves the working plane origin to the average of specified points. group: DATABASE:Working Plane product: MP ME ST DY PR EM FL PP ED
X1, Y1, Z1
Coordinates (in the active coordinate system) of the first point. If X1 = P, graphical picking is enabled and all remaining command fields are ignored (valid only in the GUI).
X2, Y2, Z2
Coordinates (in the active coordinate system) of the second point.

X3, Y3, Z3
Coordinates (in the active coordinate system) of the third point.
Notes
Moves the origin of the working plane to the average of the specified points. A point is considered specified only if at least one of its coordinates is non-blank, and at least one point (1, 2, or 3) must be specified. Blank coordinates of a specified point are assumed to be zero. Averaging is based on the active coordinate system. This command is valid in any processor.
Menu Paths
W Commands Utility Menu>WorkPlane>Offset WP to>Global Origin Utility Menu>WorkPlane>Offset WP to>Origin of Active CS Utility Menu>WorkPlane>Offset WP to>XYZ Locations
Page 9 of 18
Prev WMORE Prev WPCSYS W Commands
Next WPCSYS Next
WPCSYS
Name
WPCSYS , WN, KCN Defines the working plane location based on a coordinate system. group: DATABASE:Working Plane product: MP ME ST DY PR EM FL PP ED
WN
Window number whose viewing direction will be modified to be normal to the working plane (defaults to 1). If WN is a negative value, the viewing direction will not be modified.
KCN
Coordinate system number. KCN may be 0,1,2 or any previously defined local coordinate system number (defaults to the active system).
Notes
Defines a working plane location and orientation based on an existing coordinate system. If a Cartesian system is used as the basis ( KCN) for the working plane, the working plane will also be Cartesian, in the X-Y plane of the base system. If a cylindrical, spherical, or toroidal base system is used, the working plane will be a polar system in the R- plane of the base system. If working plane tracking has been activated (CSYS,WP or CSYS,4), the updated active coordinate system will be of a similar type, except that a toroidal system will be updated to a cylindrical system. See the ANSYS Modeling and Meshing Guide for more information on working plane tracking. This command is valid in any processor.
Menu Paths
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W Commands Main Menu>General Postproc>Path Operations>Define Path>On Working Plane Utility Menu>WorkPlane>Align WP with>Active Coord Sys Utility Menu>WorkPlane>Align WP with>Global Cartesian Utility Menu>WorkPlane>Align WP with>Specified Coord Sys
Page 10 of 18
Prev WPAVE Prev WPLANE W Commands
Next WPLANE Next
WPLANE
Name
WPLANE, WN, XORIG, YORIG, ZORIG, XXAX, YXAX, ZXAX, XPLAN, YPLAN, ZPLAN Defines a working plane to assist in picking operations. group: DATABASE:Working Plane product: MP ME ST DY PR EM FL PP ED
WN
XORIG, YORIG, ZORIG
Global Cartesian coordinates of the origin of the working plane coordinate system.
XXAX, YXAX, ZXAX
Global Cartesian coordinates of a point defining the x-axis orientation. The x-axis aligns with the projection of the line from this orientation point to the origin.
XPLAN, YPLAN, ZPLAN
Global Cartesian coordinates of the third point defining the working plane. This point will also define the location of the positive XY-sector of the working plane coordinate system.
Command Default
Working plane parallel to the global X-Y plane at Z = 0.0. file://D:\Documents%20and%20Settings\Administrator\Local%20Settings\Temp\~hh... 20.05.2004
W Commands
Page 11 of 18
Notes
Defines a working plane to assist in picking operations using the coordinates of three non-colinear points. The three points also define the working plane coordinate system. A minimum of one point (the working plane origin) is required. Immediate mode may also be active. See WPSTYL command to set the style of working plane display. This command is valid in any processor.
Menu Paths
Utility Menu>WorkPlane>Align WP with>XYZ Locations
Prev WPCSYS Prev WPOFFS W Commands
Next WPOFFS Next
WPOFFS
Name
WPOFFS, XOFF, YOFF, ZOFF Offsets the working plane. group: DATABASE:Working Plane product: MP ME ST DY PR EM FL PP ED
XOFF, YOFF, ZOFF
Offset increments defined in the working plane coordinate system. If only ZOFF is used, the working plane will be redefined parallel to the present plane and offset by ZOFF.
Notes
Changes the origin of the working plane by translating the working plane along its coordinate system axes. This command is valid in any processor.
Menu Paths
Main Menu>General Postproc>Path Operations>Define Path>On Working Plane Utility Menu>WorkPlane>Offset WP by Increments
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W Commands
Page 12 of 18
Prev WPLANE Prev WPROTA W Commands
Next WPROTA Next
WPROTA
Name
WPROTA, THXY, THYZ, THZX Rotates the working plane. group: DATABASE:Working Plane product: MP ME ST DY PR EM FL PP ED
THXY
First rotation about the working plane Z axis (positive X toward Y).
THYZ
Second rotation about working plane X axis (positive Y toward Z).

THZX
Third rotation about working plane Y axis (positive Z toward X).
Notes
The specified angles (in degrees) are relative to the orientation of the working plane. This command is valid in any processor.
Menu Paths
Utility Menu>WorkPlane>Offset WP by Increments
Prev WPOFFS Prev WPSTYL W Commands
Next WPSTYL Next
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W Commands
Page 13 of 18
WPSTYL
Name
WPSTYL , SNAP, GRSPAC, GRMIN, GRMAX, WPTOL, WPCTYP, GRTYPE, WPVIS, SNAPANG Controls the display and style of the working plane. group: DATABASE:Working Plane product: MP ME ST DY PR EM FL PP ED
SNAP
Snap increment for a locational pick (1E-6 minimum). If -1, turn off snap capability. For example, a picked location of 1.2456 with a snap of 0.1 gives 1.2, with 0.01 gives 1.25, with 0.001 gives 1.246, and with 0.025 gives 1.250 (defaults to 0.05).
GRSPAC
Graphical spacing between grid points. For graphical representation only and not related to snap points (defaults to 0.1).
GRMIN, GRMAX
Defines the size of a square grid (if WPCTYP = 0) to be displayed over a portion of the working plane. The opposite corners of the grid will be located at grid points nearest the working plane coordinates of (GRMIN,GRMIN) and ( GRMAX,GRMAX). If a polar system ( WPCTYP = 1), GRMAX is the outside radius of grid and GRMIN is ignored. If GRMIN = GRMAX, no grid will be displayed (defaults to -1.0 and 1.0 for GRMIN and GRMAX respectively).
WPTOL
Tolerance that an entity could be off the working plane, but would still be considered on the plane. Used only for locational picking of vertices for polygons and prisms (defaults to 0.003).
WPCTYP
Working plane coordinate system type: 0 -Cartesian (default). If working plane tracking is on [CSYS,4], the updated active coordinate system will also be Cartesian. 1 -Polar. If working plane tracking is on, the updated active coordinate system will be cylindrical. 2 --
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W Commands
Page 14 of 18
Polar. If working plane tracking is on, the updated active coordinate system will be spherical.
GRTYPE
Grid type: 0 -Grid and WP triad. 1 -Grid only. 2 -WP triad only (default).
WPVIS
Grid visibility: 0 -Do not show GRTYPE entities (grid and/or triad) (default). 1 -Show GRTYPE entities. Cartesian working planes will be displayed with a Cartesian grid, polar with a polar grid.
SNAPANG
Snap angle (0--180) in degrees. Used only if WPCYTP = 1 or 2. Defaults to 5 degrees.
Command Default
Snap capability on with an increment of .05, spacing between grid points of 0.1, Cartesian coordinate system, WP triad displayed, and a tolerance of .003.
Notes
Use WPSTYL,DEFA to reset the working plane to its default location and style. Use WPSTYL ,STAT to list the status of the working plane. Blank fields will keep present settings. WPSTYL with no arguments will toggle the grid on and off. The working plane can be displayed in the non-GUI interactive mode only after issuing a /PLOPTS,WP,1 command. See the ANSYS Modeling and Meshing Guide for more information on working plane tracking. See /PLOPTS command for control of hidden line working plane. This command is valid in any processor.
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W Commands
Page 15 of 18
Menu Paths
Main Menu>Preprocessor>Create>Circuit>Center WP Utility Menu>List>Status>Working Plane Utility Menu>WorkPlane>Display Working Plane Utility Menu>WorkPlane>Offset WP by Increments Utility Menu>WorkPlane>Show WP Status Utility Menu>WorkPlane>WP settings
Prev WPROTA Prev WRITE W Commands
Next WRITE Next
WRITE
Name
WRITE, Fname Writes the radiation matrix file. group: AUX12:Radiation Substructures product: MP ME ST PR PP ED
Fname
File name (32 characters maximum). The file name Defaults to Jobname.
Notes
Writes radiation matrix file ( File.SUB) for input to the substructure thermal "use" pass. Subsequent WRITE operations to the same file overwrite the file.
Menu Paths
Main Menu>Radiation Opt>Write Matrix
Prev WPSTYL WSORT file://D:\Documents%20and%20Settings\Administrator\Local%20Settings\Temp\~hh...
Next WSORT
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W Commands Prev W Commands
Page 16 of 18 Next
WSORT
Name
WSORT , Lab, KORD, --, Wopt, OLDMAX, OLDRMS Initiates element reordering based upon a geometric sort. group: PREP7:Element Reordering product: MP ME ST PR EM PP ED
Lab
Coordinate (in the active system) along which element centroid locations are sorted. Valid labels are: X, Y, Z, ALL. If ALL (default), all three directions will be used, and the order corresponding to the lowest MAX or RMS wavefront value will be retained.
KORD
Sort order: 0 -Sort according to ascending coordinate values. -1 -Sort according to descending coordinate values.
--
Unused field.
Wopt
Option for comparison: MAX -Use maximum wavefront value for comparison (default). RMS -Use RMS wavefront value.
OLDMAX, OLDRMS
MAX and RMS wavefront values of model to be used in place of the old values. OLDRMS file://D:\Documents%20and%20Settings\Administrator\Local%20Settings\Temp\~hh... 20.05.2004
W Commands
Page 17 of 18
defaults to OLDMAX (and vice versa). If neither is specified, each defaults to its calculated old value.
Notes
Initiates element reordering based upon a geometric sort of the element centroid locations. Wave lists, if any [WSTART], are ignored. Reordering affects only the element order for the solution phase and not the element numbers (input referring to element numbers, such as element pressures, is unaffected by reordering).
Note
The new order is retained only if new the new maximum or RMS wavefront values are lower than the old values, as described below. See the WAVES command for another reordering procedure and for more details on reordering. The resulting element ordering can be shown by listing the wavefront history [WFRONT,1] or by displaying elements with their element location numbers [/PNUM].
Menu Paths
Main Menu>Preprocessor>Numbering Ctrls>Element Reorder>Reorder by XYZ
Prev WRITE Prev WSTART W Commands
Next WSTART Next
WSTART
Name
WSTART, NODE1, NODE2, NINC, ITIME, INC Defines a starting wave list. group: PREP7:Element Reordering product: MP ME ST PR EM PP ED
NODE1, NODE2, NINC
Define a set of nodes in the starting wave list from NODE1 to NODE2 (defaults to NODE1 ) in steps of NINC (defaults to 1). If NODE1 = ALL, ignore remaining fields and use all selected nodes [NSEL].
ITIME, INC
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W Commands
Page 18 of 18
Add more node sets to the same starting wave list by repeating the previous node set with NODE1 and NODE2 incremented by INC (defaults to 1) each time after the first. ITIME is the total number of sets (defaults to 1) defined with this command.
Command Default
If no starting waves, a starting node will be automatically defined when the WAVES command is issued.
Notes
Defines a starting wave list (optional) for reordering with the WAVES command. Repeat WSTART command to define other starting wave lists (20 maximum).
Menu Paths
Main Menu>Preprocessor>Numbering Ctrls>Element Reorder>Define Wave List
Prev WSORT
Next X Commands
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X Commands X Commands ANSYS Commands Reference
Page 1 of 6
Prev
Next
X Commands
Table of Contents /XFRM /XRANGE XVAR XVAROPT
Prev WSTART Prev /XFRM X Commands
Next /XFRM Next
/XFRM
Name
/XFRM, LAB, X1, Y1, Z1, X2, Y2, Z2 Controls the centroid or the axis of dynamic rotation. group: GRAPHICS:Views product: MP ME ST DY PR EM FL PP ED
LAB
The location or entity (centroid) used to define the center or axis of rotation. NODE -If NODE is chosen for the center of rotation, the node number will be X1. If the rotation is to be about an axis, then X1 and Y1 define the two nodes between which a line is drawn to determine the axis. The remaining arguments are ignored. ELEMENT -If ELEMENT is chosen for the center of rotation, the element number will be X1. If the rotation is to be about an axis, then X1 and Y1 define the two elements between which a line is drawn to determine the axis. The remaining arguments are ignored.
20.05.2004
X Commands KP --
Page 2 of 6
If KP is chosen for the center of rotation, the keypoint number will be X1. If the rotation is to be about an axis, then X1 and Y1 define the two keypoints between which a line is drawn to determine the axis. The remaining arguments are ignored. LINE -If LINE is chosen for the center of rotation, the line number will be X1. If the rotation is to be about an axis, then X1 and Y1 define the two lines between which a line is drawn to determine the axis. The remaining arguments are ignored. AREA -If AREA is chosen for the center of rotation, the area number will be X1. If the rotation is to be about an axis, then X1 and Y1 define the two areas between which a line is drawn to determine the axis. The remaining arguments are ignored. VOLUME -If VOLUME is chosen for the center of rotation, the volume number will be X1. If the rotation is to be about an axis, then X1 and Y1 define the two volumes between which a line is drawn to determine the axis. The remaining arguments are ignored. XYZ -If XYZ is chosen for the center of rotation, the location of that center is determined by the coordinates X1, Y1, Z1. If values are specified for X2, Y2, Z2, then the axis of rotation will be about the line between those two points. OFF -If LAB = OFF, DEFAULT, FOCUS or if no value is specified, then the center of rotation is set at the FOCUS point, as defined by the /FOCUS command.
X1
The entity number or X coordinate for the center of rotation.

Y1
The entity number or Y coordinate for the center of rotation.

Z1
The Z coordinate for the center of rotation.

X2
The X coordinate for the axis of rotation.

Y2
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X Commands The Y coordinate for the axis of rotation.

Z2
Page 3 of 6
The Z coordinate for the axis of rotation.
Command Default
Issuing /XFRM, with no LAB defined sets the center of rotation at the focal point specified by the /FOCUS command.
Notes
The /XFRM command is active only when the cumulative rotation key is specified ON for the /ANGLE command (KINCR = 1). This command affects dynamic manipulations only. For center rotation, the middle mouse button will rotate the model about the screen Z axis and the right mouse button will rotate the model about the screen X and Y axis. For rotation about an axis, the middle mouse button will rotate the model about the defined axis of rotation and the right mouse button will be deactivated. This command is valid in any processor.
Menu Paths
Utility Menu>PlotCtrls>ViewSettings>Rotational Center>ByPick
Prev X Commands Prev /XRANGE X Commands
Next /XRANGE Next
/XRANGE
Name
/XRANGE, XMIN, XMAX Specifies a linear abscissa (X) scale range. group: GRAPHICS:Graphs product: MP ME ST DY PR EM FL PP ED
XMIN
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X Commands Minimum abscissa scale value.

XMAX
Page 4 of 6
Maximum abscissa scale value.
Command Default
Automatically select X-range scale to include all data being displayed.
Notes
Specifies a linear abscissa (X) scale range for the line graph display. Use /XRANGE,DEFAULT to return to automatic scaling. This command is valid in any processor.
Menu Paths
Prev /XFRM Prev XVAR X Commands
Next XVAR Next
XVAR
Name
XVAR, N Specifies the X variable to be displayed. group: POST26:Display product: MP ME ST DY PR EM FL PP ED
N
X variable number: 0 or 1 -Display PLVAR values vs. time (or frequency).

n
--
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X Commands Display PLVAR values vs. variable n (2 to NV [NUMVAR]). -1 --
Page 5 of 6
Interchange time and PLVAR variable numbers with time as the curve parameter. PLVAR variable numbers are displayed uniformly spaced along X-axis from position 1 to 10.
Command Default
Use time or frequency.
Notes
Defines the X variable (displayed along the abscissa) against which the Y variable(s) [PLVAR] are to be displayed.
Menu Paths
Prev /XRANGE Prev XVAROPT X Commands
Next XVAROPT Next
XVAROPT
Name
XVAROPT, Lab Specifies the parameter to be used as the X-axis variable. group: OPTIMIZATION:Display product: MP ME ST DY PR EM FL PP ED
Lab
Parameter to be used as the X variable. Defaults to set numbers.
Command Default
Use design set numbers as the X variable.
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X Commands
Page 6 of 6
Notes
Specifies the parameter to be used as the X-axis variable for graphical displays produced by the PLVAROPT command, and for the first column of the tabular listings produced by the PRVAROPT command. Design sets are automatically sorted in a sequence corresponding to an ascending order of the specified parameter.
Menu Paths
Prev XVAR
Next Y Commands
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Page 1 of 2 Y Commands ANSYS Commands Reference
Prev
Next
Y Commands
Table of Contents /YRANGE
Prev XVAROPT Prev /YRANGE Y Commands
Next /YRANGE Next
/YRANGE
Name
/YRANGE, YMIN, YMAX, NUM Specifies a linear ordinate (Y) scale range. group: GRAPHICS:Graphs product: MP ME ST DY PR EM FL PP ED
YMIN
Minimum ordinate scale value.

YMAX
Maximum ordinate scale value.

NUM
Y-axis number to which range applies (defaults to 1). Valid numbers are 1 to 3 for /GRTYP ,2 and 1 to 6 for /GRTYP ,3. If ALL, apply to all Y-axes.
Command Default
Automatically select Y-range scale to include all data being displayed.
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Page 2 of 2
Notes
Specifies a linear ordinate (Y) scale range for the line graph display. Use /YRANGE,DEFAULT to return to automatic scaling. For multiple Y-axes graphs [/GRTYP], see /GROPT, ASCAL to automatically scale the additional Y-axes. This command is valid in any processor.
Menu Paths
Prev Y Commands
Next Z Commands
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Z Commands Z Commands ANSYS Commands Reference
Page 1 of 2
Prev
Next
Z Commands
Table of Contents /ZOOM
Prev /YRANGE Prev /ZOOM Z Commands
Next /ZOOM Next
/ZOOM
Name
/ZOOM, WN, Lab, X1, Y1, X2, Y2 Zooms a region of a display window. group: GRAPHICS:Views product: MP ME ST DY PR EM FL PP ED
WN
Window number to which command applies (defaults to 1).

Lab
Label to define the desired type of zoom: OFF -Turns zoom off (refits image of entire model to the window). BACK -Goes back to previous zoom setting (five successive back ups, maximum). SCRN -Interprets X1,Y1 as the screen coordinates of the center of a square zoom region; X2,Y2 file://D:\Documents%20and%20Settings\Administrator\Local%20Settings\Temp\~hh... 20.05.2004
Z Commands as the screen coordinates of a point on one side of that square. RECT --
Page 2 of 2
Interprets X1,Y1 and X2,Y2 as the screen coordinates of two opposite corners of a rectangular zoom region.
Notes
Zooms (centers and magnifies) the specified region of a display window. /ZOOM will operate on a display that has been formed by an explicit graphics action command (APLOT, EPLOT, etc.). /ZOOM has no effect on an "immediate" graphics display. When /ZOOM is executed, the display is automatically replotted such that the specified zoom region is centered and sized to fill the window. Auto resizing is disabled when you issue the /ZOOM command. To restore auto resizing, issue the /AUTO command, or select FIT from the Pan, Zoom, Rotate box. This command is valid in any processor.
Menu Paths
Utility Menu>PlotCtrls>Pan, Zoom, Rotate
Prev Z Commands
Next ANSYS Element Reference
20.05.2004

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About This Manual About This Manual ANSYS Commands Reference

Chapter 1. About This Manual

1.1. Guide to the ANSYS Documentation

About This Manual

Prev ANSYS Commands Reference

Next The ANSYS Commands Reference 20.05.2004

1.2. The ANSYS Commands Reference

1.2.1. Conventions Used in this Manual

About This Manual

1.2.2. Applicable ANSYS Products

About This Manual ANSYS/LS-DYNA ANSYS/LS-DYNA PrepPost ANSYS/PrepPost ANSYS/ED

1.2.3. ANSYS Product Capabilities

About This Manual

About This Manual (POST1).

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1.3. ANSYS Command Characteristics

1.3.2. Free-Format Input

1.3.3. Nonrestrictive Data Input

No distinction is necessary between real and integer data.

About This Manual

1.3.4. Condensed Data Input

specification commands action commands

About This Manual

the command default the argument default

1.3.7. File Names

About This Manual

1.3.8. Star and Slash Commands

Prev The ANSYS Commands Reference

Next Command Groupings

Command Groupings Command Groupings ANSYS Commands Reference

Chapter 2. Command Groupings

2.1. SESSION Commands

Command Groupings Run Controls

Next DATABASE Commands Next

2.2. DATABASE Commands

2.3. GRAPHICS Commands

Next APDL Commands Next

2.4. APDL Commands

2.5. PREP7 Commands

UIMP Data Tables

Command Groupings FLDATA1 FLDATA2 FLDATA3 FLDATA4

Command Groupings Special Purpose

Command Groupings TZDELE TZEGEN

2.6. SOLUTION Commands

Command Groupings ROCK SED SPOPT SRSS SV SVTYP VDDAM

Command Groupings Miscellaneous Loads

Command Groupings EDDAMP

2.7. POST1 Commands

2.8. POST26 Commands

Next AUX2 Commands Next

2.9. AUX2 Commands

2.10. AUX3 Commands

Command Groupings AUX2 Commands Prev AUX12 Commands Command Groupings

Page 44 of 49 AUX12 Commands Next

2.11. AUX12 Commands

2.12. AUX15 Commands

2.13. RUNSTATS Commands

2.14. OPTIMIZATION Commands

Prev RUNSTATS Commands Prev

2.15. PROBABILISTIC Design Commands