Research Methodology by Ashish Basnet.

Ashish Basnet 21509018 Research Methods
Definition of research:
In order to get conclusion the best thing is go thoroughly in any subject matter making study of each and everything. Before we start any project or task first of all we will study the overall feasibility of the project deciding whether the project is beneficial for long term or not. Many writers define the research in different words and overall meaning is same. Kumar (2008), says research as a study into certain area of facts or information. Further more he says research is carried out to find the facts which has not been known till now. Clifford woody defines research as the overall study of problem by defining and redefining the problem, presenting hypothesis, solutions, collecting proper organisation and evaluation of data, sorting out the data to reach the conclusion and finally listing the conclusion carefully to determine whether they fit the formulating hypothesis. It was further defined as a systematic effort to gain knowledge by Redman and Mory. In addition it was defined as careful, patient, systematic, diligent inquiry/examination to form facts a principle in some filed of knowledge by Webster in Twentieth century. Cooper and Schindler 2000 defined management research as studies which comprise reporting, descriptive, explanatory or predictive. According to D. Slensinger and M. Stephenson research is manipulation of things, concepts or symbols for the purpose of generalising to extend, correct of verify knowledge whether that knowledge aids in construction of theory or in the practice of an art. Further research is a systematic approach to have a solutions to the problem by employing redefined technique such as specialised tools, instruments and procedures ( C C Crawford). In 2005 Ghauri and Gronhaug defined systematic is not based on beliefs only but there is a logical relationships. Research is a discovery of new things which will form as a principle and is a intellectual process which have been developed over hundred of years which have main objectives to find out the truth (C Francis Rummel). Although the research process appears to be very ordered and linear, it also provides the opportunity to solve unforeseen problems and to be open to changing your conceptions of world. ( Brew, 1999). During research there is collection of data, information and facts from various sources for the advancement of knowledge. The collected data are analyzed and new meanings are extracted or Unique solutions are developed from it for problems or cases. There are some basic types of research which are as follows: Descriptive Vs Analytical: - In descriptive research the data will be collected on statistical basis and this type of research will answer the question about how, who, where, when etc. In this type of research there is no control over the data. In analytical research there will be proper analyze of data that is available from secondary source to make a critical evaluation. Applied Vs Fundamental: - For immediate solution to any problem we will conduct applied research. This type of research is concerned with concrete business or social problem. Fundamental research is concerned with natural phenomenon or pure mathematics, human behaviour.
Quantitative Vs Qualitative :- Quantitative research is based on measurement of quantity. On the other hand qualitative research is based on the concept of quality and specially reviewing the facts based on quality from the general people. Conceptual Vs Empirical : In conceptual research different ideas and theories are analysed in a systematic way and this kind of research is predominantly used to develop new methodology or to reinterpret the current one. Without having proper research based on experiment sometimes empirical research can be used for the observation where there is no consideration of the theories and principle.
Research Methodology. 3.1 Introduction:

This Chapter is concerned with all the methods which are used in this research to achieve the aims and objectives of this research. The main aim of this research is to investigate and focus on recruitment process in Nepalese and Indian restaurant and to analyse how recruitment process helps to enhance the performance of an organization and provides qualified and talent employees to the company. This research was supposed to be conducted by collecting data and information from top level management to lower level management by conducting semi structured interview. In addition it was also expected to collect necessary information through promotion system of a company and various hierarchy of a company but due to limitation of time it could not be conducted. Therefore in this research questionnaire will be developed for the collection of relevant information which will be focused on aims and objectives and topic of this research and also pilot testing will be done for the simplicity and accuracy of the developed questions. 3.2 Research philosophy: There are various types of research like positivism, realism and Interpretivism. . This research will be based on positivism because in this research certain hypothesis will be made from existing theory and it will be tested and researcher will made an effort for further development of a theory where large number of sampling is required which can be selected randomly. 3.3 Research Types: There are different types of research i.e. exploratory, descriptive, analytical or predictive. Descriptive research is basically conducted to gain information focused on current status of the phenomenon which explains what exist in terms of variables in a situation which requires survey. This research will be based on descriptive research because this research will focused on collecting information which are based on current status of the phenomenon which will explain what occurs in relation to various variables in a situation as well as survey will be held to collect the primary data for this research.
3.4 Research approach: Generally, research approach can be categorised as inductive and deductive approach. In inductive approach researcher tries to find a result which are based on theory. Furthermore, in this approach conclusion are made which are based on observation. Whereas, deductive approach are based on logical process where reasoned conclusion is derived through generating logic from known facts. In this approach where researcher develop theory and hypothesis and by designing research strategy hypothesis is examined in a quantitative way. Finally the researcher will make a conclusion either hypothesis has been supported or not. This research will follow and based on deductive approach because this research will not based on observation and it will be completely based on logical process and will try to reach the conclusion by creating logic from known facts. Furthermore in this research hypothesis will be developed and will be tested in a quantitative way and ultimately conclusion will be made to identify whether hypothesis has been supported or not. 3.5 Data analysis: Qualitative data analysis is based on view, perception, facts, behaviour, and interactions of the persons where non-numeric data are developed. However, quantitative data analyses numerical data are produced as well as hypothesis is examined numerical variance between the groups are identified. This research will base on quantitative data analysis because in this research hypothesis will be made and it will be tested and numerical variance will be recognized. 3.6 Sampling: In sampling the population in the research has to be specific and unambiguous. Accuracy is the important for good sampling design. It is essential for sampling technique to be valid and reliable. Random sampling will be used in this research which is simple unrestricted. The main reason for choosing this sampling technique is because random sampling is totally objectives, bias free, trustworthy for analysis and results and it is commonly used by science. In this research questionnaire will be prepared and randomly distributed to the manager, employees and every member in the Indian and Nepalese Restaurant. 3.7 Primary and secondary data collection: For this research both the primary and secondary data will be used. Primary data will be collected by developing questionnaire and distributed it to the managers, employees and every member of Indian and Nepalese restaurant where this research will be conducted. Whereas, secondary data will be collected through books, articles, related journals and electronic media. 3.8 Ethical issues: For conducting any kind of research ethical issue has to be seriously considered. In this research the respondents will not forced to participate and they will be kept anonymous. All the data collected in this research will be kept safely and will be preserved as a matter of copy right. This research will be based on facts and will be valid and authentic. This research will be fully academic.
References:
Argyris, C. & Schn, D. A. (1996), Organizational learning II: Theory, method, and practice. Reading, MA: Addison-Wesley. Dr. C Rajendra Kumar. (2008).Research Methodology .New Delhi, India Dr. C R Kothari, (2006). Research Methodology: Methods and Techniques. New Delhi, New age International, 2nd edition. K N Krishnaswamy, Appa Iyer Sivakumar, M Mathirajan. (2009) Management Research Methodology: Integration of methods and techniques. New Delhi, India, Pearson Education. Mark Saunders, Philip Lewis, Adrian Thornhill. Research method for Business Students. (2009).England. Pearson Education. 5TH edition. Kumar C. Rajendar,2008, Research Methodology ,New Delhi, APH Publishing Corporation. Wayne Goddard & Stuart Melville. (2007). Research Methodology: An Introduction. (1996). 2nd Edition. Durban. Yogesh Kumar Singh. Fundamental of Research Methodology and Statistics. (2006). New Age International.

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Research Methodology. 3.1 Introduction:

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