Chapter 3

Socket Programming
Lecturer: Sivadon Chaisiri
Mathematics, Statistics and Computer Department
Faculty of Science, Ubon Rajathanee University
Layered Protocols

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Metadata in a Messages

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 Protocols
□ Application = HTTP, FTP, SMTP, NSF, Telnet,
SSH, ECHO, …
□ Presentation = SMB, NCP, …
□ Session = SSH, NetBIOS, RPC, …
□ Transport = TCP, UDP, …
□ Network = IP, ICMP, IPX
□ Data link = Ethernet, Token Ring, ISDN, …
□ Physical = 100BASE-T, 1000BASE-T, 802.11

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TCP/IP four-layer model

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 IP, TCP, and UDP
□ IP (Internet Protocol)
□ TCP (Transmission Control Protocol)
□ UDP (User Datagram Protocol) = Unreliable
communication, no ordering guarantee (e.g.,
DNS, TFTP, VoIP, …)

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 Ports
□ A port is a special number present in the data
packet.
□ Ports are typically used to map data to a particular
process running on a computer (i.e., which process
associates with the data determining by port number)
□ IANA is responsible for assigning TCP and UDP port
numbers to specific used.
□ Well-known ports (0-1023)
□ Registered ports (1024-49151)
□ Dynamic and/or Private ports (49152-65535)

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Ports and Applications

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The Client-Server Model

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 Socket Application
□ A socket is a connection between two hosts
(endpoints).
□ A socket can perform 7 basic operations.
□ Connect to a remote machine
□ Send data
□ Receive data
□ Close a connection
□ Bind to a port
□ Listen for incoming data
□ Accept connections from remote machines on the bound
port

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 Endpoint-to-Endpoint Communications

Client
46770 Server

Virtual Circuit 25 80

(through network)

Client
48335

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 Java and Socket
□ java.net.Socket
Constructors:
Socket(InetAddress address, int port)
Socket(String host, int port)
Socket(InetAddress address, int port,
InetAddress localAddr, int localPort)
Methods:
InputStream getInputStream()
OutputStream getOutputStream()
void close()
InetAddress getLocalAddress()
int getLocalPort()
void setSoTimeout(int timeout)
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 Java and Socket
□ java.net.ServerSocket
Constructors:
ServerSocket(int port)
Methods:
Socket accept()
void close()
void setSoTimeout(int timeout)

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 Socket and ServerSocket

Socket ServerSocket

46770 Virtual Circuit 80

(through network)

Streams

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 Streams

More stream classes

InputStream: DataInputStream, ObjectInputStream
OutputStream: DataOutputStream, ObjectOutputStream
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Filters of Streams

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 Code: Socket Information
import java.net.Socket;

public class SocketInfo {

public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
Socket socket = new Socket("www.sanook.com", 80);
System.out.println("Connected to " +
socket.getInetAddress()
+ " on port " + socket.getPort()
+ " from port " + socket.getLocalPort()
+ " of " + socket.getLocalAddress());
}
}

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 Steps to develop a socket app
□ Client-Side
□ Bind Socket object with a specified host&port then
connect to the host&port
□ [option] Send data via stream (from
getOutputStream)
□ Wait for a response of the host via getInputStream
□ Server-Side
□ Bind ServerSocket object with a specified port
□ Listening for the incoming requesting
□ Accept connection while listened to an incoming
contact and get its Socket reference
□ Send/Receive data via streams of the Socket Object
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 Code: Time Server
import java.io.DataOutputStream;
import java.net.*;
import java.util.Date;
public class TimeServer {
public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
ServerSocket server = new ServerSocket(7000);
System.out.println("Server is started");
while(true) {
Socket socket = server.accept();
DataOutputStream dos = new
DataOutputStream(socket.getOutputStream());
String time = new Date().toString();
dos.writeUTF(time);
socket.close();
}
}
}

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 Code: Time Client
import java.io.DataInputStream;
import java.io.DataOutputStream;
import java.net.Socket;

public class TimeClient {

public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
Socket socket = new Socket("localhost", 7000);
DataInputStream din = new
DataInputStream(socket.getInputStream());
String time = din.readUTF();
System.out.println(time);

}
}
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 Code: Hello Server
import java.io.*;
import java.net.*;
public class HelloServer {
public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
ServerSocket server = new ServerSocket(12345);
System.out.println("Server is started");
while(true) {
Socket socket = server.accept();
DataInputStream dis = new
DataInputStream(socket.getInputStream());
DataOutputStream dos = new
DataOutputStream(socket.getOutputStream());
String name = dis.readUTF();
System.out.println("I see " + name);
dos.writeUTF("Hello " + name);
socket.close();
}
}
} Distributed System (1104451) 21
 Code: Hello Client
import java.io*;
import java.net.*;
public class HelloClient {
public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
Socket socket = new Socket("localhost", 12345);
DataInputStream din = new
DataInputStream(socket.getInputStream());
DataOutputStream dos = new
DataOutputStream(socket.getOutputStream());

String name = "World";

if (args.length > 0) name = args[0];
dos.writeUTF(name);
String message = din.readUTF();
System.out.println(message);
}
} Distributed System (1104451) 22
 Code: Busy Hello Server
import java.io.*;
import java.net.*;
public class BusyHelloServer {
public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
ServerSocket server = new ServerSocket(12345);
while(true) {
Socket socket = server.accept();
DataInputStream dis = new
DataInputStream(socket.getInputStream());
DataOutputStream dos = new
DataOutputStream(socket.getOutputStream());
String name = dis.readUTF();
System.out.println("I see " + name);
for (int i = 0 ; i < 10 ; i++) {
Thread.sleep(1000);
System.out.println("Delay for " + name + " #" + i);
}
dos.writeUTF("Hello " + name);
socket.close();
}
}
} Distributed System (1104451) 23
import java.io.*;
Code: Multithread Hello Server
import java.net.*;
public class ThreadingHelloServer extends Thread {
Socket soc;
public ThreadingHelloServer(Socket soc) { this.soc = soc; }
public void run() {
try {
DataInputStream dis = new
DataInputStream(soc.getInputStream());
DataOutputStream dos = new DataOutputStream(soc.getOutputStream());
String name = dis.readUTF();
System.out.println("I see " + name);
for (int i = 0 ; i < 10 ; i++) {
Thread.sleep(1000);
System.out.println("Delay for " + name + " #" + i);
}
dos.writeUTF("Hello " + name);
soc.close();
} catch(Exception ex) {ex.printStackTrace();}
}
public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
ServerSocket server = new ServerSocket(12345);
while(true) {
Socket socket = server.accept();
new ThreadingHelloServer(socket) .start();
}
}
} Distributed System (1104451) 24
 Code: Multithread Hello Server (Short Form)
import java.io.*; import java.net.*;
public class ThreadingHelloServer2 {
public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
ServerSocket server = new ServerSocket(12345);
System.out.println("Server is started");
while(true) {
final Socket socket = server.accept();
Thread t = new Thread() {
public void run() {
try {
DataInputStream dis = new
DataInputStream(socket.getInputStream());
DataOutputStream dos = new
DataOutputStream(socket.getOutputStream());
String name = dis.readUTF();
System.out.println("I see " + name);
for (int i = 0 ; i < 10 ; i++) {
Thread.sleep(1000);
System.out.println("Delay for " + name + " #" + i);
}
dos.writeUTF("Hello " + name); socket.close();
} catch(Exception ex) { ex.printStackTrace(); }
}};
t.start();
}}}
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 The End

Any Questions?