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    Disseminated Intravascular Coagulation

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    Bluedarx Doank
    This document summarizes disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC), characterized by widespread activation of coagulation leading to microvascular thrombosis and bleeding due to consumption of platelets and coagulation proteins. DIC can be associated with sepsis, trauma, cancer, obstetrical complications, vascular disorders, reactions to toxins, and immunological disorders. The causes of DIC in these conditions include the release of tissue factor and cytokines. DIC occurs in 30-50% of patients with gram-negative sepsis and has a similar incidence in gram-positive sepsis.

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    Disseminated Intravascular Coagulation

    Uploaded by

    Bluedarx Doank
    21 views11 pages
    This document summarizes disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC), characterized by widespread activation of coagulation leading to microvascular thrombosis and bleeding due to consumption of platelets and coagulation proteins. DIC can be associated with sepsis, trauma, cancer, obstetrical complications, vascular disorders, reactions to toxins, and immunological disorders. The causes of DIC in these conditions include the release of tissue factor and cytokines. DIC occurs in 30-50% of patients with gram-negative sepsis and has a similar incidence in gram-positive sepsis.

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    DIC

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    This document summarizes disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC), characterized by widespread activation of coagulation leading to microvascular thrombosis and bleeding due to consumption of platelets and coagulation proteins. DIC can be associated with sepsis, trauma, cancer, obstetrical complications, vascular disorders, reactions to toxins, and immunological disorders. The causes of DIC in these conditions include the release of tissue factor and cytokines. DIC occurs in 30-50% of patients with gram-negative sepsis and has a similar incidence in gram-positive sepsis.

    Copyright:

    Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
    Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as ppt, pdf, or txt
    21 views11 pages

    Disseminated Intravascular Coagulation

    Uploaded by

    Bluedarx Doank
    This document summarizes disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC), characterized by widespread activation of coagulation leading to microvascular thrombosis and bleeding due to consumption of platelets and coagulation proteins. DIC can be associated with sepsis, trauma, cancer, obstetrical complications, vascular disorders, reactions to toxins, and immunological disorders. The causes of DIC in these conditions include the release of tissue factor and cytokines. DIC occurs in 30-50% of patients with gram-negative sepsis and has a similar incidence in gram-positive sepsis.

    Copyright:

    Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
    Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as ppt, pdf, or txt
    of 11

    Disseminated Intravascular

    Coagulation
    N Engl J Med, Volume 341(8). Aug 19.1999

    • Review articles by Levi


    • From the Department of Vascular medicine
    ad internal medicine, Academic Medical
    Center, University of Amsterdam
    Character

    • Widespread activation of coagulation:


    intravascular formation of fibrin nd thrombotic
    occlusion of small and midsized vessels
    • Depletion of platelets and coagulation
    proteins induces severe bleeding
    Associated Clinical Conditions

    • Sepsis
    • Trauma
    • Cancer
    • Obstetrical comlications
    • Vascular disorder
    • Reactions to toxin
    • Immunological disorder
    Sepsis

    • Bacterial infection is most frequently related


    to DIC
    • DIC may occur in 30 to 50% of patientswiht
    gram negative sepsis
    • Incidence of DIC is similar in G(+) sepsis
    • Triggers are cell-specific membrane
    components of the microorganism, or
    bacterial exotoxin
    Severe Trauma

    • Particularly to the brain


    • Mechanisms: release of fat and phopholipids
    in to circulation, hemolysis, endothelial
    damage. Systemic activation of cytokines has
    a pivotal role.
    • 50 to 70% in patients who have SIRS as
    consequences
    Cancer

    • Solid tumors (e.g: pancreatic cancer, prostate


    cancer) and myeloproliferative diseases
    • The incidence is 10 to 15%
    • Triggers: Tissue factor
    • * *acute promyelocytic leukemia: severe
    hyperfibrinolytic state in addition to an activated
    coagulation system.
    Obstetrical Disorders

    • Abruptio placenta, amniotic fluid embolism


    • Leakage of thromboplastin-like material
    • The incidence is 50%
    • Preeclampsia: 7%
    Vascular disorder

    • Giant hemangioma, aortic aneurysms


    • Local activation of coagulations results in
    systemic depletion of locally consumed
    coagulation factors and platelets
    • The incidence is 25% and 1% respectively
    Reaction to Toxin

    • Snake venom
    • Drugs
    • Amphetamines
    Immunoloical Disorders

    • Severe allergic reaction


    • Hemolytic transfusion reactions
    • Transplant rejections
    D/D with Microangiopathic
    hemolytic Anemia
    • Thrombocvtopenic thrombotic purpura
    • Hemolytic uremic syndrome
    • Malignant hypertension
    • HELLP syndrome
    • Endothelial damage adhesion and
    aggregations of platelets, formation of
    thrombin,impairment of thrombolysis.
    • Fragmented RBCs is the cardinal sign

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