AUTO SYNCHRONIZING AND

AUTO LOAD SHARING

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 SINGLE LINE DIAGRAM

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 When mains are healthy, both the DG’s remain in
the standby mode.
 When mains fail, Line Voltage Monitor
(L.V.M.) senses. Starting pulses are given to the
Master D.G. Set. (Master D.G.Set is automatically
selected by programmer.)
 After satisfactory starting of the D.G.Set 1,
voltage is sensed by Generator Voltage Monitor
(G.V.M.). If voltage is healthy, then closing signal
is given to D.G.1 breaker and it is closed.
 Synchronizing Panel gives corresponding pulses
to start load automatically.
 The load is then sensed by KW transducer in the
panel & continuously monitored by PLC.
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 Engine & Alternator parameters are also continuously
monitored by P.L.C. in the Panel. In case of any fault (e.g.
Low Lube Oil Pressure, High Cooling Water Temperature
etc.), breaker is tripped & engine is stopped.
 If the load reaches & crosses 80 % of the rated capacity of
the D.G. 1, then starting pulses are given to the second
D.G.set by P.L.C.
 When D.G.2 starts, then again G.V.M. checks the voltage,
and if voltage is healthy, then breaker 2 is closed.
 After closing of the second breaker, Auto load sharing
function starts sharing the load between the two D.G.Sets.
The percentage of sharing is directly proportional to their
individual capacities.
 Since sharing is proportional to their respective capacities,
even D.G.sets of different capacities can be synchronized
successfully.
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 D.G.sets continue to run in Synchronization until the
load is above 80 % of any one D.G. set.
 When load comes below 80 % of any one D.G. set,
then the automatic signal is given to that D.G. & then
it starts taking the full load.
 After transferring the total load to one D.G. (on
which 80 % load is to be connected), the breaker of
the second D.G.is opened. Now one D.G.is taking the
load
 The second D.G. is then stopped after its cooling
period.
 When mains are resumed, then load is transferred to
the mains & both the D.G.sets are stopped after their
cooling period.

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 The total Automatic operation has a manual
override. In manual mode, the total operation
can be performed manually.
 Auto load shedding facility can be
incorporated by suitable programming of PLC.
With this facility, various loads can be brought
in or switched off at particular time or for
various intervals.

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ADVANTAGES OF AUTO SYNCHRONISING &
AUTOLOAD SHARING
 Changing of logic is very easy because of changes are made
through software only. There is no changing of wires, adding
of components like relays, contactors, which is very time
consuming, cumbersome & requiring additional space.
 For any type of load addition or reduction, manual
intervention as regards D.G.set operation is not required.
However, in case of emergency manual override is possible.
 Because of KW dependent load sharing, optimum utilization
of D.G. sets are possible. This increases D.G. sets efficiency
& saves lot of fuel.
 Use of PLC reduces no. of relays, contactors, wiring etc. This
reduces fault points & increases the MTBF of the system.
 All the future changes / modifications can be easily made 7
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through software only.
 Automatic Changeover

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Mains source failure
 Automatic Changeover Switch panel is
designed to monitor & to start Generator
control panel automatically when the mains
source fails partially or fully. The control
panel provides a potential-free contact output
& provides signal to the remote generator
control panel to enable automatic start of the
generator.
 On sensing that the generator is running at
correct output the changeover switch changes
over from the mains position to generator
position, thereby transferring the site load.
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When Mains restores
 L.V.M. checks the mains for its healthiness,
the generator is then disconnected from the
load and automatic changeover back to the
mains source takes place. Load is now
connected to the mains.
 Gen set is then run for about 5 minutes time
set, on no load and it is stopped automatically.

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 AMF Panel

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 AMF Control panel is designed to monitor & to start Generator
automatically when the mains source fails partially or fully.
 When mains fail, then it is sensed by Line Voltage Monitor
(L.V.M.) and three starting pulses are given to Gen set.
 If Genset does not start within three attempts, then
‘STARTING FAILURE’ alarm is sounded and stop signal is
given to Genset to stop it fully & no start signals are given
further.
 When Genset starts successfully, it builds up the rated voltage
and Genset contactor/breaker is closed automatically. The load
then is switched on / transferred to the Genset.
 When Mains restores, which is checked by L.V.M. for its
healthiness, the generator is then disconnected from the load
and automatic transfer back to the mains source takes place.
Load is now connected to the mains.

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 Genset is then run for about 5 minutes time
set, on no load and it is stopped automatically.
 Safeties like L.L.O.P., H.W.T. and over speed
are operative when the Genset is running. For
any of the above faults, Genset stops
immediately.
 Automatic function can be totally by-passed
and Genset can be started-stopped in manual
mode also.

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 Indication for the following
 :Low oil press
 High room temp.

 Over speed

 Fail to start

 DC battery REV POLARITY

 Engine hours run counter

 RPM

 Frequency

 Voltage

 Current

 Engine temperature
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Shutdown Protections
 Low oil press
 High room temp
 Over speed
 Fail to start
 Under speed
 Over current
 V belt failure
 Blower failure
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 Earth fault 15
 PANEL ACCESSORIES
 1 Voltmeter
 3- Ammeter
 1- Freq.
 RPM meter
 Fail to start
 1- Battery voltmeter
 1-Engine hours run counter
 1- Oil press. Gauge
 1- Engine temp. gauge
 3- C.T. above 100 A
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 1- voltmeter sel. Sw
 1- Electronic generator control module fully
programmable with :
Control key switch Off / Run / Start (OPTIONAL)
 1- MCB / MCCB
 4- AC and DC fuses
 1- Control terminals
 1- Neutral terminal
 1- Set of AV mounts (OPTIONAL)
 2- 20/30 amp rated relays for fuel and start solenoids

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 Kw TRANSDUCER

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A) VOLTAGE LEADS
Connect the leads to the electrical source to be
monitored.
B)FUSE
C)4-20mA OUTPUT CONNECTOR
D) STATUS LED
The LED blinks green when the product is
functioning normally. It will blink slowly,
approximately one second on, then one second off.
If the LED is red and blinking slowly, it may
indicate incorrect wiring or a power factor that is
less than 0.5. If the LED is red and blinking
fast the CT's maximum current rating has
been exceeded.
E)EXTERNAL CTs

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 OPERATION
 Kw TRANSDUCER combines a
microprocessor based kW transducer and
high accuracy split-core current
transformers (CTs) in a single unit. Split-
core design eliminates the need to remove
conductors. Three CT versions is used
with three phase, unbalanced loads.

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 Applications

 Optimization of chillers, pumps and

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