Biology GCE 2010 June Paper 2 Mark Scheme

Mark Scheme (Results)
Summer 2010
GCE O
GCE O Biology (7040) Paper 02
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7040/02 O-LEVEL BIOLOGY MARK SCHEME SUMMER 2010

SECTION A
Question
number
1 a
Reject
allow converse
stated phenotype / feature / characteristic / eq;
same phenotype / feature / characteristic / no
(genetic) variation / eq;
fast / large numbers / high yield / eq;
i
ii
i
tubers are stems / bulbs are leaves

chlorophyll / chloroplasts;
iodine;
blue / black / eq;
ii
starch digested / broken down / made soluble / eq.;

glucose / maltose; I sugar
amylase / maltase / enzyme;
respiration / energy;
root growth / roots / cell differentiation / eq.;
1
1
2
Max 2
1
Total
Marks
Marks
Max 2
gametes;
fertilisation / fusion / eq;
(genetic) variation; no converse
two (daughter) cells produced;
one cell division; Ignore stages
cells identical / no (genetic) variation / exact copy;
same chromosome number / (diploid to) diploid / (46
to) 46 / eq;
occurs in body cells;
no bivalents / crossing over / eq;
Accept
15
Question
number
2 a
c
d
Accept
Reject
(boy) needs more (energy);

more active;
greater mass / more muscle; Ignore ref to growth
Marks
Max 2
growth / still growing;
ii
bone;
iii
menstruation / eq;
rickets / poor bones / poor teeth / calcium not
absorbed / eq;
mass of person;
(larger mass) increases requirement;
1
1
2
activity / job of person;

(more activity) increases requirement / eq;
(air) temperature / hotter / colder;
correct ref to increase/decrease requirement;
pregnancy;
increases requirement;
Total
Marks
Question
number
3 a i
Accept
Reject
springtails in middle;
arrows correct;
Marks
2
plant springtails mites
ii
springtails;
S = scale linear and half axes;

L = lines through points;
A = axes correct and labelled (number + months);
P = points plotted correctly;
K = key;
ii
numbers decrease/killed;
due to pesticide/insecticide;
Max 4
numbers increase;
less eaten / fewer mites / breed / reproduce /
resistance / pesticide washed away / no longer
effective / eq;
I immune
iii
numbers decrease;
more mites;
random placement / eq;
several quadrats / repeat counts;
same time of day / same day;
multiplied sample by total area / eq;
Max 2
Total
Marks
Question
number
4 a
b
Accept
Reject
14
Marks
stop evaporation / eq;
23(g);
ii
1.15;
plant gained mass / gained 1.3g/cm3;

growth;
photosynthesis;
water kept in plant;
less mass lost / more water in flask / eq;

less transpiration;
stomata not fully open / eq;
less photosynthesis;
Max 3
Total
Marks
Question
number
5 a
Accept
Reject
Marks
3
A trachea / windpipe;
B bronchus / bronchi;
C lung / lungs;
increase volume;
decrease pressure;
air in (balloons) / balloons inflate / eq;
Max 2
intercostal muscles;
contract;
ribs / rib cage;
raised / up and out / increase thorax volume;
Ignore lung volume
Max 3
increase rate;
supply oxygen;
respiration / energy;
carbon dioxide;
Total
Marks
Question
number
6
Accept
Reject
C acid and no acid;

O same species / same age / seed / eq;
R many plants / many plots / pots / fields / eq;
M 1 height / mass / length / number of leaves / eq;
M 2 after stated time in days plus / eq;
S
(same abiotic factor) soil / water / light /
fertiliser /
temperature / eq;
10
Marks
Max 5
Total
Marks
SECTION A TOTAL: 60 MARKS
Section B
Question
number
7 a
Accept
Reject
Location: (gas exchange) in lungs / alveoli / air sacs;

(respiration) in cells / muscle / eq;
Marks
Max 4
Description: diffusion;
release energy / eq;
Substance: oxygen / carbon dioxide / water;
glucose / oxygen;
b
Substance: (excretion) metabolic waste / urea / urine

/
carbon dioxide / water / salts / sweat /
eq;;
(egestion) faeces / undigested food;
Location:
cells;
digestive system / gut;
Organ:
lungs / skin / kidney;

anus / rectum;
Max 4
Total
Marks
Question
number
8 a
Accept
Reject
specific / eq;
no food chain affect / bioaccumulation / ecosystem /
eq;
no pollution;
no resistant species; Ignore immune
no residues / contaminants on crop / no affect on
taste / eq; Ignore kills crop
no need to reapply / long lasting / eq;
Marks
4
Ignore environmentally friendly / no harm to

environment / harm humans
b
(cloned) identical;
same genes / same alleles / eq;
one parent;
Max 4
(transgenic) genetic material from different species /

eq;
vector / named vector;
recombinant DNA / genetic modification;
Total
Marks
Question
number
9 a
Accept
Reject
white blood cells / lymphocytes / phagocytes;

antibodies / ingest;
(micro)organism / pathogen;
vaccination / memory cells;
faster production of antibodies / eq;
Marks
Max 4
resistance involves alleles / genes / DNA / eq;

mutation;
chemicals / antibiotic /eq;
(natural) selection / eq;
b
bacterium / virus / fungi / animal / Plasmodium / eq;

named disease: eg HIV / AIDS / malaria / TB / eq;
can be spread / infectious / eq;
Max 4
diet / exercise / smoking / eq;

named disease: eg obesity / lung cancer / eq;
Total
Marks
SECTION B TOTAL: 16 MARKS
Section C
Question
number
10
Accept
Reject
diffusion;
high conc to low conc / eq;
example of diffusion;
Marks
12
osmosis;
water;
partially permeable membrane / eq;
dilute solution to conc solution / eq;
example of osmosis;
passive;
affected by temp;
surface area;
active transport;
requires energy / ATP / respiration;
low conc to high conc / against conc gradient;
oxygen;
example of active transport;
endo/exo/pino cytosis;
Total
Marks
Question
number
11
Accept
Reject
glass house / polythene tunnels / eq;

heat / increased temp;
(burners to release) CO2;
12
Marks
12
light;
water supply;
photosynthesis;
fertiliser / NPK / minerals / eq;
nitrates for amino acids/protein;
phosphate for ATP;
organic fertiliser / manure;
crop rotation;
ploughing / aeration / oxygen;
selective breeding;
cloning / micropropagation / tissue culture / eq;
genetic modification / transgenic crops / recombinant
DNA;
biological control;
pest control / insecticides / pesticides;
herbicides / weedkiller / weeding;
fungicides;
Total
Marks
12
Question
number
12
Accept
Reject
emphysema;
alveoli damaged / eq;
less surface area;
less oxygen into blood / less gas exchange;
Marks
12
carbon monoxide;
haemoglobin;
bronchitis;
cilia affected / anaesthetised;
cannot remove mucus / eq;
bacteria / microorganisms / infection / pneumonia /
eq;
lung cancer / carcinogens;
tar;
mutation / damage to DNA / eq;
nicotine;
increases heart rate / high blood pressure;
fat build up in arteries / artherosclerosis / eq;
coronary artery;
less oxygen/glucose (to heart muscle);
angina / lactic acid;
thrombosis / clot;
heart attack / heart disease;
Total
Marks
12
SECTION C TOTAL: 24 MARKS

PAPER TOTAL: 100 MARKS
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Mark Scheme (Results)

GCE O Biology (7040) Paper 02

Edexcel Limited. Registered in England and Wales No. 4496750

Alternately, you can speak directly to a subject specialist at Edexcel on our

7040/02 O-LEVEL BIOLOGY MARK SCHEME SUMMER 2010

tubers are stems / bulbs are leaves

starch digested / broken down / made soluble / eq.;

(boy) needs more (energy);

growth / still growing;

activity / job of person;

plant springtails mites

S = scale linear and half axes;

stop evaporation / eq;

plant gained mass / gained 1.3g/cm3;

less mass lost / more water in flask / eq;

C acid and no acid;

SECTION A TOTAL: 60 MARKS

Location: (gas exchange) in lungs / alveoli / air sacs;

Substance: (excretion) metabolic waste / urea / urine

lungs / skin / kidney;

Ignore environmentally friendly / no harm to

(transgenic) genetic material from different species /

white blood cells / lymphocytes / phagocytes;

resistance involves alleles / genes / DNA / eq;

bacterium / virus / fungi / animal / Plasmodium / eq;

diet / exercise / smoking / eq;

SECTION B TOTAL: 16 MARKS

glass house / polythene tunnels / eq;

SECTION C TOTAL: 24 MARKS

Further copies of this publication are available from

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