Rubrics

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Rubrics

Nalini Ramsawak-Jodha

What is a rubric?
An assessment tool
A descriptive marking scheme
Usually presented as a matrix
Can be general or task specific

What is a rubric used for?


To assess measurable learning outcomes
To guide development of products or processes for a
given assessment task
To identify levels of achievement, performance or
quality for a given set of criteria
To aid with giving formative feedback
To determine or assign grades

Why use a rubric?


Creates a focus for teaching and learning
Outlines and communicates what constitutes highquality vs. low quality
Engages students in the learning process
- from rubric development to
- reflection and self-assessment of ones work

Why use a rubric?


Increases the consistency and objectivity of
evaluating
Provides guidelines to help structure feedback for
students and teachers

What can a rubric be used to assess?

research reports
essays
theatrical/musical performances
athletic performance
individual and group presentations
poster presentations
participation as a member of a team or group
portfolios
journals etc.

Types of rubrics
Two major kinds are:
Holistic
Analytic
Each of these types can be general or task specific

Holistic rubrics
Contain descriptors that generate a single score for
the entire work
Specific or component parts of the task are not
judged individually

Examples of Holistic Rubrics


View the following examples of Holistic Rubrics:
https://www.utexas.edu/academic/ctl/assessment/
iar/students/report/rubrics-oral.php
http://www.slideshare.net/missreynova/a-sample-o
f-holistic-scoring-rubric

Examples of Holistic Rubrics


Both examples would be considered general as
they can be used to assess oral presentations or
essays from different topics or curriculum areas.
View them again to check.

Pros and cons of holistic rubrics


Fast and easy to construct and use
Gives a sense of overall quality/performance
Gives limited feedback
May overlook errors in individual parts of the
process
(Chase (1999), Nitko (2001), Mertler (2001))

Analytic rubrics
Specific components of the work are evaluated
independently
Components can be reported on individually or
combined to attain a global score

Examples of Analytic Rubrics


View the following examples of Analytic Rubrics:
http://education.ohio.gov/getattachment/Topics
/Teaching/Educator-Evaluation-System/How-to-De
sign-and-Select-Quality-Assessments/HO9-Analyt
ic-Rubric-Sample.pdf.aspx
http://www.schreyerinstitute.psu.edu/pdf/Oral
CommRubric3.pdf

Examples of Analytic Rubrics


Notice in the example how specific aspects of the
oral presentation are being assessed instead of
just an overall judgement of the oral
presentation as it was in the holistic rubric.
Also notice that you can use different criteria and
performance labels. Compare the two examples
of the analytic rubric for oral presentations.
The examples are still general because they can
be applied to any topic or curriculum area.

Examples of Analytic Rubrics


http://www.davisart.com/Promotions/SchoolArt
s/PDF/11_08RubricSample.pdf
This example is task specific. It applies to a
particular task i.e. an essay on art criticism.

Pros and cons of analytic rubrics


Takes a longer time to develop and use
Level of assessment and feedback is
multidimensional
Mertler (2001)

When to use a particular type of


rubric?

You can decide which type of rubric best suits your


needs, the needs of your student and helps you
measure the desired learning outcome.
View the following site for some tips:
https://www.uni.edu/chfasoa/analyticholisticrubr
ics.pdf
http://www.schreyerinstitute.psu.edu/pdf/rubricb
asics.pdf

Components of a rubric
Performance elements
Category scale
Criteria used to categorize work and/or assign points

General guidelines for constructing


a rubric
1. Determine the elements or criteria that will be used
to evaluate the work, ensuring that there is a match
with your instructional objectives
2. Identify the difference between good work and
weaker work.
3. Write clear descriptions of the types of work that
will be assigned to each category or level of
achievement.
4. Evaluate the rubric and make adjustments

Resources for creating rubrics


You do not need to create a rubric from scratch all the time. There are helpful
sites which can assist you in generating a rubric to suit a desired purpose. For
example:
Advanced Learning Technologies, University of Kansas (2006). Rubistar.
http://rubistar.4teachers.org/

TeAch-nology, Inc (undated). TeAch-nology. http://teachnology.com/web_tools/rubrics 7 June 2006

Food for thought


Do rubrics stifle creativity? How? Why?
Can a rubric include or cater for creativity? How
can this be done?
Do some further reading and research on this area

Summary
The following sites summarize what was covered:
http://pareonline.net/getvn.asp?v=7&n=25
http://www.youtube.com/watch?
v=s8SVHtQP6eg&feature=related/

Information sources
Rubric development retrieved from
http://uwf.edu/cutla/rubricdevelopment.cfm
What is a rubric - Flinders University retrieved from
http://www.flinders.edu.au/teaching/teachingstrategies/assessment/grading/rubric.cfm
Rubric use and development retrieved from
http://www.bused.org/rsabe/rsabe05.pdf
Rubric development toolbox by Julie Moore retrieved from
www.greenriver.edu/.../Rubric%20Development%20Toolbox.doc

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