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    Sec 9 3 Hyperbolas

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    This document discusses hyperbolas and their key properties: - A hyperbola is defined as the set of points where the difference between the distances to two fixed points (foci) is a constant. - Hyperbolas have two disconnected branches and two vertices where the line through the foci intersects. They also have a transverse axis connecting the vertices. - The standard equation of a hyperbola depends on whether the transverse axis is horizontal or vertical. Each hyperbola also has two asymptotes that intersect at the center and form an "X" shape. - Examples show how to find the standard equation, asymptotes, vertices and foci of hyperbolas based on their

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    Sec 9 3 Hyperbolas

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    This document discusses hyperbolas and their key properties: - A hyperbola is defined as the set of points where the difference between the distances to two fixed points (foci) is a constant. - Hyperbolas have two disconnected branches and two vertices where the line through the foci intersects. They also have a transverse axis connecting the vertices. - The standard equation of a hyperbola depends on whether the transverse axis is horizontal or vertical. Each hyperbola also has two asymptotes that intersect at the center and form an "X" shape. - Examples show how to find the standard equation, asymptotes, vertices and foci of hyperbolas based on their

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    This document discusses hyperbolas and their key properties: - A hyperbola is defined as the set of points where the difference between the distances to two fixed points (foci) is a constant. - Hyperbolas have two disconnected branches and two vertices where the line through the foci intersects. They also have a transverse axis connecting the vertices. - The standard equation of a hyperbola depends on whether the transverse axis is horizontal or vertical. Each hyperbola also has two asymptotes that intersect at the center and form an "X" shape. - Examples show how to find the standard equation, asymptotes, vertices and foci of hyperbolas based on their

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    143 views17 pages

    Sec 9 3 Hyperbolas

    Uploaded by

    api-317140261
    This document discusses hyperbolas and their key properties: - A hyperbola is defined as the set of points where the difference between the distances to two fixed points (foci) is a constant. - Hyperbolas have two disconnected branches and two vertices where the line through the foci intersects. They also have a transverse axis connecting the vertices. - The standard equation of a hyperbola depends on whether the transverse axis is horizontal or vertical. Each hyperbola also has two asymptotes that intersect at the center and form an "X" shape. - Examples show how to find the standard equation, asymptotes, vertices and foci of hyperbolas based on their

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    of 17

    Sec. 9.

    3
    Hyberbolas

    Hyperbolas in Real Life

    What is a Hyperbola?
    A hyperbola is a set of points in a plane, the difference of whose
    distances from two fixed points, called foci, is a positive constant.

    Branches - two disconnected parts of a


    hyperbola
    Vertices - the line through which the two foci
    intersects the hyperbola at two points.
    Transverse axis - line segment connecting the
    vertices.
    Center of hyperbola - midpoint of transverse
    axis: (h,k)

    Standard Equation of Hyperbola


    Transverse axis is horizontal:

    Transverse axis is vertical:

    Transverse axis
    Transverse axis

    The distance from the center to each vertex is a


    units
    The distance from the center to each focus is c
    units where:

    Example 1: Finding standard equation of


    hyperbola

    Find the standard form of the equation of the hyperbola with foci (-1,2) and (5,2) and vertices (0,2) and (4,2).

    Asymptotes and Conjugate Axis


    Each hyperbola has two asymptotes that intersect at the center of the hyperbola,
    forming an X.
    y=k b/a(x-h)

    Asymptotes for horizontal transverse axis

    y=k a/b(x-h)

    Asymptotes for vertical transverse axis

    The conjugate axis is the line segment of length 2b.


    (h, k+b) and (h, k-b) Conjugates for horizontal transverse axis
    (h+b, k) and (h-b, k) Conjugates for vertical transverse axis

    Conjugate Axis

    Example 3: Finding the Asymptotes


    Sketch the hyperbola
    4x-3y+8x+16=0
    4(x+2x)-3y=-16
    4(x+2x+1)-3y=-16+4(1)
    4(x+1)-3y=-12
    y/2 - (x+1)/(3) = 1

    1. Subtract 16 from each side and factor.


    2. Complete the square.
    3. Write in completed square form.
    4. Write in standard form

    Finding the Asymptotes Cont.


    y/2 - (x+1)/(3) = 1
    Center: (-1,0) (h/k)
    Vertices: (-1,2) and (-1,-2) to k
    Conjugates: (-1 - 3, 0) and (-1 + 3, 0) (h+b, k) and (h-b, k)
    Finally, using a=2 and b=3, you can conclude that the asymptotes are:
    y=2/3 (x+1)

    y=k a/b(x-h)

    Finding the Asymptotes Cont.

    Example 4: Use The Asymptotes to


    Find The Standard Equations
    Use the vertices, (3,-5) and (3,1), and the asymptotes, y=2x-8 and y=-2x+4.
    By the Midpoint formula, the center is (3, -2).
    The hyperbola has a vertical transverse axis with a=3.
    The slopes of the asymptotes are m=2=a/b and m=-2=-a/b.
    Plug a into 2=a/b, and you get b=3/2.
    Put them all together and you get the standard equation.
    (y+2)/3 - (x-3)/(3/2) =1

    Eccentricity
    e=c/a

    hyperbola with an
    eccentricity of about 1.05

    hyperbola with an
    eccentricity of about 7.6

    If eccentricity is large, the branches are flatter. If eccentricity is


    closer to 1, the branches are more pointed.

    Example 5: An Application Involving


    Hyperbolas
    Two microphones, 1 mile apart, record an explosion. A receives the sound 2 seconds before microphone B . Where did the explosion occur?

    Solution: Assuming sound travels at 1100 feet per second, you know that the explosion took place 2200 feet farther from B than from A, as shown in
    Figure 9.33. The locus of all points that are 2200 feet closer to A than to B is one branch of the hyperbola.

    x/a - y/b = 1

    c= 5280/2 = 2640 and a= 2200/2 = 1100

    So, b= c - a = 2640 - 1100 = 5,759,600 and you can conclude that the explosion occurred somewhere on the right branch of hyperbola

    x/1,210,000 - y/5,759,600 = 1

    Example 6
    a. 4x-9x+y-5=0
    For the equation 4x-9x+y-5=0
    AC=4(0)=0 so, the graph is parabola.
    b. 4x-y+8x-6y+4=0
    For the equation 4x-y+8x-6y+4=0,you have
    AC=4(-1)<0 so the graph is hyperbola.

    Example 6
    C. 2x+4y-4x+12y=0
    For the equation 2x+4y-4x+12y=0, you have
    AC = 2(4)>0 so the graph is an ellipse.
    d . 2x+2y-8x+12y+2=0
    For the equation 2x+2y-8x+12y+2=0, you have
    A=C=2 so the graph is a circle.

    Homework

    :(

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