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    Initiation of Immune Response

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    ShuPingLock
    1. A macrophage engulfs a foreign antigen through phagocytosis and breaks it down into fragments. 2. The fragments bind to MHC proteins to form complexes, which are transported to the cell membrane and displayed on the macrophage surface, making it an antigen-presenting cell. 3. A T cell with a receptor for the antigen binds to the complex, stimulating the macrophage to secrete IL-1 and activating the T cell.

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    Initiation of Immune Response

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    ShuPingLock
    156 views3 pages
    1. A macrophage engulfs a foreign antigen through phagocytosis and breaks it down into fragments. 2. The fragments bind to MHC proteins to form complexes, which are transported to the cell membrane and displayed on the macrophage surface, making it an antigen-presenting cell. 3. A T cell with a receptor for the antigen binds to the complex, stimulating the macrophage to secrete IL-1 and activating the T cell.

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    immunity question

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    1. A macrophage engulfs a foreign antigen through phagocytosis and breaks it down into fragments. 2. The fragments bind to MHC proteins to form complexes, which are transported to the cell membrane and displayed on the macrophage surface, making it an antigen-presenting cell. 3. A T cell with a receptor for the antigen binds to the complex, stimulating the macrophage to secrete IL-1 and activating the T cell.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as docx, pdf, or txt
    156 views3 pages

    Initiation of Immune Response

    Uploaded by

    ShuPingLock
    1. A macrophage engulfs a foreign antigen through phagocytosis and breaks it down into fragments. 2. The fragments bind to MHC proteins to form complexes, which are transported to the cell membrane and displayed on the macrophage surface, making it an antigen-presenting cell. 3. A T cell with a receptor for the antigen binds to the complex, stimulating the macrophage to secrete IL-1 and activating the T cell.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as docx, pdf, or txt
    of 3

    Initiation of immune response.

    1. Foreign antigen engulfed by macrophage by phagocytosis.


    2. Antigen is breakdown into fragment.
    3. Fragment of antigen bind to the __________________ protein to form
    the ____________________.
    4. The complex is transported to cell membrane and displayed on the
    surface of macrophage.
    5. The macrophage with displayed complex is called as
    _____________________.
    6. A ______________ cell with a specific receptor, called as
    _______________, for the antigen is bind to the complex. This process
    is aids by _______________.
    7. This process will stimulate the ____________________ to secrete the
    ___________________ (IL-1) that activated the _________________ cell.
    8. The ______________ cell will induced to _____________________ and
    secrete the __________________________(IL-2).
    9. IL-2 allows the ________________ cell to increase in size and divide by
    mitosis, giving rise to a large amount of identical
    ______________________ cells and memory ____________ cell.
    10._________________ (IL-2) secrete by the ___________________ cell, also
    will activated and stimulate the humoral immune response and cell
    mediated immune response.

    Describe of Humoral Immune response


    How to answer: (explain the initiation + with what happen after initiation)
    1. _____________________________(IL-2) secrete by the
    ________________cell activated the _______________cell.
    2. The ________________ cell proliferates and differentiate into
    __________________ cell and __________ cells
    3. The _____________ cell produces the antibodies to acts against the
    antigen.
    4. The _____________ cells respond rapidly to __________________
    infection by the same antigen.
    Describe the Cell-mediated Immune Response.
    How to answer: explain the initiation + what happen after initiation
    1. ______________________(IL-2) activated the ____________________ cell.
    2. The activated __________________ cell will detected the infected cell.
    3. The infected cell will have the displayed of antigen fragement on
    the surface of membrane using the _____________________ protein.
    4. The activated ________________ cell will bind to the _________________
    complex on the infected cell through __________________ receptor,
    aids by _____________.
    5. The ___________ cell will release the _____________ and _____________.
    6. _______________ molecules will forms pores on the membrane of the
    infected cells.
    7. The __________________, will _______________________________.

    8. Water and ions from surrounding flows into the infected cell, cause
    the cell to ____________.

    Describe the antibody structure.


    1. Antibody is knows as ___________________.
    2. It is made up pf two ____________ chains (H) and two ___________
    chains (L).
    3. The structure is held together by ___________________ bonds.
    4. Each chains has constant regions and ________________ regions.
    5. The constant regions determines the mechanism used to destroy
    antigen.
    6. The ____________ regions is acts as the antigen __________ site. It has
    different arrangement of amino acids corresponds to specific types
    of __________________.
    Describe the antibody function in human immune system
    Antibody Function

    Explanation of process

    Concept of Self and non-self


    1. Cell ________________ have the ability to distinguish self and non-selfsubstance.
    2. This is due to the ability of the ______________ to detect the foreign
    substance or the ______________ that compatible to it.
    3. If the antigen is not compatible to ______________ protein in the body
    cell,
    4. It will bind with its and forming the ____________________ complex
    and displayed on the surface on the body cell.
    5. The present of _________________ complex on the cell surface will
    triggered the immune response.
    6. The antibody will be produce and the foreign substance will be
    attack by the antibody.

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