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    Chemistry Picture Vocabulary - Periodic Table

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    This document defines key terms related to the periodic table of elements and basic atomic structure. It provides definitions for different groups of elements on the periodic table including alkali metals, alkaline earth metals, halogens, inner transition elements, and noble gases. It also defines atomic structure terms such as protons, neutrons, electrons, nucleus, valence electrons, groups, periods, and trends that occur periodically on the table. Finally, it defines terms related to properties of elements including metals, non-metals, metalloids, ions, charges, and electron energy levels.

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    Chemistry Picture Vocabulary - Periodic Table

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    This document defines key terms related to the periodic table of elements and basic atomic structure. It provides definitions for different groups of elements on the periodic table including alkali metals, alkaline earth metals, halogens, inner transition elements, and noble gases. It also defines atomic structure terms such as protons, neutrons, electrons, nucleus, valence electrons, groups, periods, and trends that occur periodically on the table. Finally, it defines terms related to properties of elements including metals, non-metals, metalloids, ions, charges, and electron energy levels.

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    This document defines key terms related to the periodic table of elements and basic atomic structure. It provides definitions for different groups of elements on the periodic table including alkali metals, alkaline earth metals, halogens, inner transition elements, and noble gases. It also defines atomic structure terms such as protons, neutrons, electrons, nucleus, valence electrons, groups, periods, and trends that occur periodically on the table. Finally, it defines terms related to properties of elements including metals, non-metals, metalloids, ions, charges, and electron energy levels.

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    © All Rights Reserved
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    3K views32 pages

    Chemistry Picture Vocabulary - Periodic Table

    Uploaded by

    api-254514513
    This document defines key terms related to the periodic table of elements and basic atomic structure. It provides definitions for different groups of elements on the periodic table including alkali metals, alkaline earth metals, halogens, inner transition elements, and noble gases. It also defines atomic structure terms such as protons, neutrons, electrons, nucleus, valence electrons, groups, periods, and trends that occur periodically on the table. Finally, it defines terms related to properties of elements including metals, non-metals, metalloids, ions, charges, and electron energy levels.

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    The Periodic Table

    Picture Vocabulary

    Chemistry

    Alkali Metal

    Any of the univalent elements belonging to


    Group 1A of the Periodic Table.

    Alkaline Earth Metal

    Any of the bivalent metals belonging to


    Group 2A of the Periodic Table.

    Halogen

    Any of the electronegative non-metallic


    elements in Group 7A of the Periodic Table.

    Inner Transition Elements

    An element in the lanthanide and actinide series that is


    characterized by the addition of electrons to f orbitals.

    Noble Gas

    Any of the elements found in Group 8A of the Periodic


    Table; each have the s and p sublevels of their outermost
    energy level filled.

    Transition Elements

    The B Group elements (3-12) found on the


    Periodic Table, also known as transition metals.

    Chemical Family

    The vertical columns on the Periodic Table, also known


    as Groups, where elements with similar properties are
    placed.

    Atomic Number

    The number of protons found in the nucleus of


    an element, represented by the letter Z.

    Proton

    A positively-charged subatomic particle of the


    nucleus of an atom and contributes to the mass
    of the atom.

    Neutron

    A subatomic particle of the nucleus of an atom


    that is without charge and contributes to the mass
    of an atom.

    Electron

    A negatively-charged subatomic particle of the


    electron cloud; involved in the formation of
    chemical bonds.

    Nucleus

    The tiny, very dense, positively-charged region in


    the center of an atom; made up of protons and
    neutrons.

    Valence Electrons

    The electrons in the outermost energy level of an


    atom that influence how an element will react with
    other substances.

    Groups

    The columns on a Periodic Table that arrange the


    elements by the number of electrons that are in the
    outside shell.

    Periods

    The rows in a Periodic Table that classify the


    elements by the number of atomic shells.

    Metals

    Most elements are metals, typically solid, shiny,


    malleable, and a good conductor of heat and electricity.

    Non-metals

    Elements typically not shiny, usually a gas or brittle solid,


    not malleable, and a poor conductor of heat and
    electricity.

    Metalloids

    Elements that have properties of both metals and nonmetals; sometimes referred to as semiconductors.

    Chemical Symbol

    A 1 to 2 letter representation of a specific


    element, sometimes referred to as an atomic
    symbol.

    Periodic Trends

    Picture Vocabulary

    Chemistry

    Atomic Radii

    The distance between the nucleus of an atom to the


    outermost electron orbital, usually measured in
    nanometers.

    Ionic Radii

    The radius of either a positive or


    a negative ion found in an ionic crystal.

    Electronegativity

    Within a molecule, it is the ability of an atom in


    that molecule to attract electron pairs to itself.

    Ionization Energy

    The energy required to remove one electron from a


    neutral atom of an element in the gaseous state.

    Ion

    Atoms (or groups of atoms) that have an electrical


    charge due to a different number of protons and
    electrons.

    Neutral

    Having no electrical charge.

    Energy Level

    Regions around the nucleus of an atom


    where electrons may be found.

    Shielding Effect

    An effect that occurs as the inner electron shells of an


    atom shield the valence electrons in the outer
    electron shells from the positive pull of the nucleus.

    Periodicity

    The quality or state of being periodic,


    or occurring at regular intervals.

    Cation

    Any atom or group of atoms with a positive charge.

    Anion

    Any atom or group of atoms with a negative


    charge.

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