Ecological Levels

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Ecology

Levels of Organization and Flow of Energy

Ecology - is the study of the relationships among


organisms and their environment.

Ecologists study environments at


different levels of organization.

An organism is an individual
living thing, such as an
alligator.

Organism
Organism

A population is a group of the same


species that lives in one area.

Population
Population
Organism
Organism

A community is a group of different species


(populations) that live together in one area.

Community
Community
Population
Population

Organism
Organism

An ecosystem includes all of the organisms as


well as the climate, soil, water, rocks and other
nonliving things in a given area.

Ecosystem

Ecosystem
Community
Community

Population
Population

Organism
Organism

A biome is a major regional or global community of


organisms characterized by the climate conditions
and plant communities that thrive there.

Biome

Ecosystem
Ecosystem
Community
Community
Population
Population
Organism
Organism

Biotic and Abiotic


Factors

Every ecosystem includes both living


and nonliving factors.

plants

Biotic factors are living things.


plants
animals
fungi
bacteria

Abiotic factors are nonliving things.


moisture
temperature
wind
sunlight
Soil
Water
Rocks

sunlight

moisture

Changing one factor in an ecosystem can


affect many other factors.

Biodiversity is the
assortment, or variety, of
living things in an ecosystem.

Rain forests have more


biodiversity than other
locations in the world.

A keystone species is a species


that has an unusually large effect
on its ecosystem.

keystone

Keystone species form and


maintain a complex web of life.

creation of
wetland
ecosystem

increased waterfowl
Population

increased
fish
population

keystone species
nesting sites
for birds

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