Epic Poetry

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INTRODUCTION

to
EPIC POETRY

What is Epic
Poetry?
Long narrative poem
Written in an elevated
style
Celebrates the deed of a
legendary hero or god

Literary Devices
Alliteration repetition of

similar sounds especially


initial consonant or stressed
syllable (eg. Shilds strong
son [23, line 19])
Metaphor- comparison
between two similar things
Simile- Comparison using
like or as

Literary Devices
Cont.
Epithet- brief phrase
characterizes a person place
or thing (eg. the Lord of all
Life, the Rule of glory, the
Lord of heaven and earth)
Kenning- two-word
metaphorical name for
something (eg. sea-road for
ocean [30, line 239])

Literary
Elements
Internal Conflict- Struggle that
takes place within the mind of
a character who is torn
between opposing feelings
and desires
External Conflict- When a
character struggles against
some outside force Person,
nature, society, or fate.

Early Literary
Influences &
Historical
Events

Epic of
Gilgamesh
2500 BC

11 Clay Tablets (story)

12th Tells of his ruling the netherworld

Most important epic poem in

human history
Various adventures of hero-king
searching for immortality
An account of the flood
Characters
Gilgamesh (2/3 god & 1/3 human)
Enkidu (wild man)

Summary of
Gilgamesh
Meets Enkidu (BFF)
1st trip to Land of Cedaes to kill
Humbaba
Later slays the Bull of Heaven
Angers gods=suffering

Seeks Utnapishtim & finds


heartache
Returns to Uruk and writes his
story

Bible
4000 BC- 77

AD

Judeo-Christian God
Contains the Old & New
Testaments
Missionaries & Crusades
Holy Grail
Referenced in a lot of
literature

Homer
800 BC
Did he exist?
Creator of the Epic Poems
The Iliad and The Odyssey
Most likely a minstrel
Traveling singer/storyteller

Poems were oral for


centuries before written
down

The Trojan War


1184 BC/ 800 BC
(written)

Main topic of The Iliad by Homer

and latter The Aeneid by Virgil


Achaeans vs. Trojans (10 yrs.)
Helen of Troy abducted by Paris
Achilles withdraws from the war
and then rejoins in 10th yr. & kills
Hector the Trojan Prince
Wooden horse
City captured & Helen returned
to Menelaus

The Odyssey
800 BC

Tale of Odysseus
10 yrs. in Trojan War
10 yrs. to get home
Presumed dead wife Penelope
fighting off suitors
Consists of 24 books

Naturalis
Historia,

1st Encyclopedia

77
AD
Written by Gaius Plinius

Cecilius Secundus (a.k.a.


Pliny the Elder)
37 Book
1st has preface & tables of
contents
List of authorities

Published 1st 10 himself


Very little revision if any

The Adventures
of Beowulf
650 AD

1st Epic Poem written in

English, Old English


Author Unknown
Adventure of a great
Scandinavian warrior
1 manuscript survived the
monastery destruction by
Henry VIII

Historic
Background
Geats & Danes
Accurately reflects the time
period (6th century)
Angles, Saxons, & Jutes
Germanic Code

Comitatus (group) -of loyalty


Sworn loyalty to king = gifts

Feudal System

Historic
Background Cont.
Women were thought of as
holy
Belief in fate

Biblical references relate to


Old Testament
Author most likely Christian
Scops- composers &
storytellers

Geneology of
Geats, Danes,
and Swedes

Main Characters

Beowulf
Dragon
Grendel & Mother
Higlac
Hrothgar
Shild
Unferth
Welthow
Wiglaf

Time and Place


Set in Denmark and
Geatland
6th Century
Herot- mead
hall

Why is Epic
Poetry Important
today?
Stories are still being passed

down from generation to


generation.
We see these same plots, heroes,
struggles, archetypes, and events
happening in life today.
References to these epic poems
are in our books and movies
today.

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