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    Grade 7 Science Chapter 6 Notes

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    This document provides an overview of heat transfer and the three main methods: conduction, convection and radiation. It discusses how heat is transferred between objects at the particle level and gives examples of each type of transfer. Conduction involves particle vibration and collision, convection involves the movement of heated particles in liquids and gases, and radiation uses electromagnetic waves. The document also covers concepts like specific heat capacity and how materials differ in their ability to absorb and transfer heat.

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    Grade 7 Science Chapter 6 Notes

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    api-238589602
    2K views54 pages
    This document provides an overview of heat transfer and the three main methods: conduction, convection and radiation. It discusses how heat is transferred between objects at the particle level and gives examples of each type of transfer. Conduction involves particle vibration and collision, convection involves the movement of heated particles in liquids and gases, and radiation uses electromagnetic waves. The document also covers concepts like specific heat capacity and how materials differ in their ability to absorb and transfer heat.

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    This document provides an overview of heat transfer and the three main methods: conduction, convection and radiation. It discusses how heat is transferred between objects at the particle level and gives examples of each type of transfer. Conduction involves particle vibration and collision, convection involves the movement of heated particles in liquids and gases, and radiation uses electromagnetic waves. The document also covers concepts like specific heat capacity and how materials differ in their ability to absorb and transfer heat.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as ppt, pdf, or txt
    2K views54 pages

    Grade 7 Science Chapter 6 Notes

    Uploaded by

    api-238589602
    This document provides an overview of heat transfer and the three main methods: conduction, convection and radiation. It discusses how heat is transferred between objects at the particle level and gives examples of each type of transfer. Conduction involves particle vibration and collision, convection involves the movement of heated particles in liquids and gases, and radiation uses electromagnetic waves. The document also covers concepts like specific heat capacity and how materials differ in their ability to absorb and transfer heat.

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    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as ppt, pdf, or txt
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    The key takeaways are that there are three main types of heat transfer: conduction, convection and radiation. Conduction involves the transfer of heat through direct contact of particles. Convection involves the transfer of heat by the circulation of fluids like gases and liquids. Radiation involves the transfer of heat through electromagnetic waves and does not require a medium.

    The three main types of heat transfer are conduction, convection and radiation.

    The aluminum has a low specific heat capacity. It quickly takes in heat, but also loses it quickly. It doesn’t take much heat to warm it up so it will lose that small amount of heat quickly.

    Grade 7 Science

    Unit 2
    Heat is transferred from one place to
    another by three different processes.

    Chapter 6

    Heat Transfer
    Heat transfers from a hot object to a
    cold object.
    Heat moves NOT cold
    Something cold is really just
    something less hot

    3 Types of Heat Transfer

    1.Conduction
    2.Convection
    3.Radiation

    1. Conduction
    Particle movement:
    the particles in an object vibrate in place
    but collide with neighbouring particles
    passing kinetic energy to them.

    State(s) in which it occurs:


    Can happen in Solid, liquid and gas
    Best in solids worse in gases

    The particles stay in position!

    Examples of conduction
    Cooling on a stove

    Ice packs

    Can you think of other examples?

    Conduction mini experiment


    Comparing conduction
    Do some materials conduct better
    than others?

    2. Convection
    Particle movement:
    When heated the particles gain energy,
    spread out, become less dense and rise.
    As it cools, the particles lose energy, get
    closer together, become more dense and
    sink.

    State(s) in which it occurs:


    Can happen in liquids and gas
    Not in Solids!

    Examples of Convection
    Boiling water on the stove
    Radiators
    Can you think of
    other examples?

    Convection Demonstration
    convection currents using a
    convection box or convection tube

    3. Radiation
    Particle movement:
    No particles!!
    electromagnetic waves carry energy
    from a source to another object.

    State(s) in which it occurs:


    Any or none! No state necessary
    Can occur in the vacuum of space

    Examples of Radiation
    Fireplace
    Sunlight

    All 3 can happen at the same time!

    3 ways radiant energy transfers


    1. Reflect: bounce of shiny, smooth
    surfaces
    2. Absorb: Taken in by rough, dull
    coloured surfaces (gets warmer)
    3. Transmit: Moves through glass,
    plastic, paper.

    Interactive:
    http://www.pbslearningmedia.org/asse
    t/lsps07_int_heattransfer/
    Online Practice:
    http://www.webquest.hawaii.edu/kahi
    hi/puzzles/energytransfer/index.php

    Core Lab Activity!

    Activity 6-1D
    Absorb That Energy
    Page 184

    Home Heating!
    Brainstorm: How do we heat our homes?
    The Past

    The Present

    Home Heating Technology


    Wood stove
    Electric Heaters
    Oil Furnace
    Air to Air Heat Pump
    Geothermal
    Solar

    Oil furnace

    Hot-water radiation

    Air to air

    Geothermal

    Core STSE

    Heat Pumps: An Alternative Way


    to Heat Homes

    Section Review Questions

    Page 191 Qs: 1, 2, 3, 4 & 9

    Conductors Vs. Insulators


    Thermal
    Conductor
    Allows Heat to
    Transfer

    Thermal
    Insulator
    Prevents Heat
    from Transferring

    Ex. Metal (some


    metal are better
    than others)

    Ex. Wood, plastic

    Thermal conductors
    Allows heat to travel
    Cookware warms your food
    Car Radiator warms your car

    Thermal insulators
    Keeps Items Warm!

    Animal Fur animals/humans


    Sod houses in the past
    Fibreglass houses in the present
    Thermos - food

    How does a thermos work?


    A vacuum exists
    between the layer
    No particles means
    little heat transfers!

    Try it out!
    Interactive mini-lab
    http://www.bbc.co.uk/schools/scienc
    eclips/ages/8_9/keeping_warm.shtml

    Section Review Questions

    Page 205 Qs: 1, 2& 9

    Heat Vs. Temperature


    Heat: The energy which is transferred from
    hotter substances to colder ones.
    Note: cold doesnt move, heat does!

    Heat: the total


    energy
    Temperature: the
    average energy

    Specific Heat Capacity


    Specific Heat Capacity: Measures
    the amount of heat transferred
    The amount of heat needed to raise
    the temperature of 1.00 g of a
    substance by 1.00C.

    Specific Heat Capacity


    High specific heat capacity takes a lot
    of heat to warm up
    A lot of heat transfers

    Low specific heat capacity takes only


    a little heat to warm up
    Only a little heat transfers

    Specific heat capacities of various


    substances

    Dont Need to memorize these!

    Which has a higher Specific Heat


    capacity?
    Water or soil?

    Think about it:


    On a hot day which warms up more
    quickly the water or sand?

    Which has a higher Specific Heat


    capacity?
    Water or soil?
    Soil!

    Think about it:


    On a hot day which warms up more
    quickly the water or sand?
    Sand! It cools more quickly as well

    Question 1
    Why do metal objects often feel
    colder than the surrounding air
    temperature?

    Question 1
    Why do metal objects often feel
    colder than the surrounding air
    temperature?
    Not because the metal is colder
    Metal has a low specific heat capacity, it will
    quickly absorb heat!
    The heat from our hands is transferred to the
    metal quickly
    This makes our fingers cold the metal feels
    cold!

    Question 2
    Why does a piece of aluminum
    foil feel cool after taken out of
    the oven for only minutes?

    Question 2
    Why does a piece of aluminum foil
    feel cool after taken out of the
    oven for only minutes?
    The aluminum has a low specific heat capacity.
    It quickly takes in heat, but also loses it quickly
    It doesnt take much heat to warm it up so it
    will lose that small amount of heat quickly

    Question 3
    Why should you be cautious when
    eating an apple pie which has been
    taken from the oven for twenty
    minutes?

    Question 3
    Why should you be cautious when
    eating an apple pie which has been
    taken from the oven for twenty
    minutes?
    The apple pie has a high specific heat capacity.
    It takes a lot of heat to warm it up so it will
    take a long time to lose all of that heat!

    Interactive
    comparing specific heat interactive:
    http://oceanservice.noaa.gov/educat
    ion/pd/oceans_weather_climate/media
    /specific_heat.swf

    Discussion: Sea and Land Breeze

    Heat and Technology


    The need to stay warm have led to
    many new technologies (past and
    present)
    Make a list of heat-technologies with
    a partner (come up with as many as
    possible!)

    Section Review Questions

    Page 215 Qs: 1, 2, 3 & 7

    Chapter Review Questions:

    Page 216-17 Qs: 1, 3, 5, 7, & 16

    Unit Review Questions:

    Page 216-17 Qs: 3, 4, 12, 13, 18,


    19, 26, 31, 35 & 40

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