Crohn's disease is a chronic inflammation of the gastrointestinal tract that can occur anywhere along the GI tract but most commonly in the ileum and colon. It is characterized by thickening of the bowel wall, narrowing of the intestinal lumen, and formation of fistulas, fissures, and abscesses as the inflammation extends through the intestinal layers and into surrounding tissues. Symptoms include abdominal pain, diarrhea, weight loss, malnutrition, and complications such as joint disorders and skin lesions. Diagnosis involves imaging tests such as barium studies and endoscopy to identify inflammation, fistulas, and other abnormalities, along with lab tests showing anemia and elevated inflammatory markers. Treatment focuses on managing symptoms medically and through nursing care.
Crohn's disease is a chronic inflammation of the gastrointestinal tract that can occur anywhere along the GI tract but most commonly in the ileum and colon. It is characterized by thickening of the bowel wall, narrowing of the intestinal lumen, and formation of fistulas, fissures, and abscesses as the inflammation extends through the intestinal layers and into surrounding tissues. Symptoms include abdominal pain, diarrhea, weight loss, malnutrition, and complications such as joint disorders and skin lesions. Diagnosis involves imaging tests such as barium studies and endoscopy to identify inflammation, fistulas, and other abnormalities, along with lab tests showing anemia and elevated inflammatory markers. Treatment focuses on managing symptoms medically and through nursing care.
Crohn's disease is a chronic inflammation of the gastrointestinal tract that can occur anywhere along the GI tract but most commonly in the ileum and colon. It is characterized by thickening of the bowel wall, narrowing of the intestinal lumen, and formation of fistulas, fissures, and abscesses as the inflammation extends through the intestinal layers and into surrounding tissues. Symptoms include abdominal pain, diarrhea, weight loss, malnutrition, and complications such as joint disorders and skin lesions. Diagnosis involves imaging tests such as barium studies and endoscopy to identify inflammation, fistulas, and other abnormalities, along with lab tests showing anemia and elevated inflammatory markers. Treatment focuses on managing symptoms medically and through nursing care.
Crohn's disease is a chronic inflammation of the gastrointestinal tract that can occur anywhere along the GI tract but most commonly in the ileum and colon. It is characterized by thickening of the bowel wall, narrowing of the intestinal lumen, and formation of fistulas, fissures, and abscesses as the inflammation extends through the intestinal layers and into surrounding tissues. Symptoms include abdominal pain, diarrhea, weight loss, malnutrition, and complications such as joint disorders and skin lesions. Diagnosis involves imaging tests such as barium studies and endoscopy to identify inflammation, fistulas, and other abnormalities, along with lab tests showing anemia and elevated inflammatory markers. Treatment focuses on managing symptoms medically and through nursing care.
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CARE OF CLIENTS WITH IMMUNOLOGIC RESPONSE
NCM-104
Crohn's disease (Regional Enteritis) Regional enteritis is a subacute and chronic inflammation of the gastrointestinal (GI) tract wall that extends through all layers. Crohns disease is usually first diagnosed in adolescents or young adults but can appear at any time of life. Although the most common areas in which it is found are the distal ileum and colon, it can occur anywhere along the GI tract. Fistulas, fissures, and abscesses form as the inflammation extends into the peritoneum. In advanced cases, the intestinal mucosa has a cobblestone like appearance. As the disease advances, the bowel wall thickens and becomes fibrotic and the intestinal lumen narrows. The clinical course and symptoms vary. In some patients, periods of remission and exacerbation occur, but in others, the disease follows a fulminating course. Clinical Manifestations Onset of symptoms is usually insidious, with prominent right lower quadrant abdominal pain and diarrhea unrelieved by defecation. Abdominal tenderness and spasm. Crampy pains occur after meals; the patient tends to limit intake, causing weight loss, malnutrition, and secondary anemia. Chronic diarrhea may occur, resulting in a patient who is uncomfortable and is thin and emaciated from inadequate food intake and constant fluid loss. The inflamed intestine may perforate and form intra-abdominal and anal abscesses. Fever and leukocytosis occur. Abscesses, fistulas, and fissures are common. Symptoms extend beyond the GI tract to include joint disorders (eg, arthritis), skin lesions (eg, erythema nodosum), ocular disorders (eg, conjunctivitis), and oral ulcers.
ASSESSMENT AND DIAGNOSTIC METHODS
Barium study of the upper GI tract is the most conclusive diagnostic aid; shows the classic string sign of the terminal ileum (constriction of a segment of intestine) as well as cobblestone appearance, fistulas, and fissures. Endoscopy, colonoscopy, and intestinal biopsies may be used to confirm the diagnosis. R Proctosigmoidoscopic examination, computed tomography (CT) scan. Stool examination for occult blood and steatorrhea. Complete blood cell count (decreased Hgb and Hct), sedimentation rate (elevated), albumin, and protein levels (usually decreased due to malnutrition).
Medical Management See Medical Management under Ulcerative Colitis for additional information.
Nursing Management See Nursing Process: The Patient with Inflammatory Bowel Disease under Ulcerative Colitis for additional information. JEZALYN T. BRUSOLA BSN-3A
Fast Facts: Enfermedad inflamatoria intestinal Para Pacientes y las Personas que los Apoyan: Colitis ulcerativa y enfermedad de Crohn Información + Tomar el control = El mejor resultado
