This quarter you have been studying about plants, including vegetative propagation.

Your assessment is to write an essay about artificial

propagation.
You will be given four class periods:
1) Preliminary research. Find artificial propagation methods and take notes on the table below.
2) Write an essay:
a. Explain the ways in which artificial propagation is used to address a specific problem or issue.
b. Discuss and evaluate the implications of using artificial propagation to solve a specific problem or issue,
interacting with a factor (Economical, Environmental Ethical, Social). Offer a balanced review, clearly supported by
evidence.
3) Add pictures of the artificial propagation methods and document all sources completely.

Download Criterion D Assessment Rubric. This rubric will guide you through the elements necessary to complete your research paper. Be sure to
read the rubric carefully and follow the format prescribed.
The due date will be one week after the last class period given for research.

Asexual Reproduction: Tissue Culture

The Impacts of Artificial Propagation:

Solving the Problem

Implications

Give a detailed account

Offer a balanced review clearly supported by evidence

The problem addressed

(Scientific description)

The way artificial

propagation addresses
the problem
(Scientific description)

The factor

Propagation of plants can

Positives
take a long time to
This method allows to
happen. Propagation could By using the tissue culture
produce plants faster.
also be unpredictable, and method, you will be able
This means that there
the reproduction could
to reproduce plants much
will be more plants
take too long to happen.
more faster, and in a
available in the market,
controlled environment. A
thus reducing the price.
controlled environment
Evidence
would also be able to
http://www.preserveartic
ensure the quality of the
les.com/2012010119527/a
grown plant. Using the
dvantages-of-artificialmethod would force the
vegetativeplants to reproduce,
propagation.html

Negatives
The production costs a
lot of money.

Evidence

producing more plants

faster.

Conclusion
Overall, it is good, but can be very costly especially
if mass-produced.

Artificial Propagation of Plants

Layering

The problem addressed

(Scientific description)

The way artificial

propagation addresses
the problem
(Scientific description)

The propagation of the

plants might fail, because
Using the layering
layering is a very sensitive
method, plants
method. The reason is
propagation will be done
because for layering we
faster and easier, because
need to plant the stem into its just planting the stem
the ground, and if the
without cutting them or
condition of the ground
planting a whole new
isnt perfect then it will be plant. And also plants will
hard for the plants.
be able to grow more than
other methods because

The factor

Positives

Evidence

they are all connected to

the same stem.

Conclusion

Factors
the implications of using
science and its application
to solve a specific
problem or issue,
interacting with a factor

Economical
Production, distribution,
and use of income, wealth,
and commodities

Environmental
Circumstances, objects, or
conditions by which one is
surrounded

Ethical
Process of rational inquiry
to decide on issues as right
or wrong, as applied to the
people and their actions

Cultural

Political

Social

Moral

Patterns of knowledge,
behaviour, beliefs, shared
attitudes, values, goals and
practices that characterize
groups of people

Relates to government or
public affairs

Interactions between
groups of people involving
issues such as welfare,
safety, rights, justice or
class

Principles of right or wrong

behaviour derived from a
particular society

Essay:

Artificial propagation has been used by many different farmers and corporations throughout the world, to produce quality-controlled products quickly.
Producing plants quickly is a problem in the modern world. Whether it would be for food purposes, or other purposes. For example, without producing food
quickly, it would be harder to earn money in the ever-growing world of the agricultural market. People need to produce plants quickly to be able to produce
profit.There are many methods of doing artificial propagation. However, my group will only analyse two methods. The methods are Tissue Culture and
Layering. Overall, tissue culture is a far more complicated form of artificial propagation compared to layering.
In tissue culture, someone who would want to do the activity will have to obtain a tissue from the plant that they want to culture. First of all, the person
would have to prepare the equipment needed for the activity. Some of the necessary equipments are: tweezers, a substrate, a sterile place to grow the plant on
(glass box, etc.), container to wash the plant tissue, scissors/knife. Afterwards, they would need to clean the equipment and the tissue before planting them. Once
sterilized, you can place the tissue on the substrate. The substrate is basically where the plant would be able to grow. There are several types of the sterile
nutrient solution, the solid, semi-solid, or a suspension culture. For example, a solidifying agent called agar is based on seaweed, thus making it an ideal. The
substrates themselves will be placed in a sterile area, to prevent unwanted fungi to grow on the substrates. A substrate is the base on which an organism lives
(Merriam-Webster). The substrate allows the tissue to gather minerals for it to grow. If there are unwanted fungi growing on the substrates, the project would
fail, . If it is successful, the tissue would grow into a full-scale plant.
Technically speaking, tissue culture allows the plant to grow a lot faster than when the plant is grown naturally. However, tissue culture isnt usually used
to mass produce plants, as it is quite an expensive method to do. At the same time, since this method can produce plants quickly, it can allow more of the plant to
get to the market. In normal circumstances, this would lower prices of the plant in the market, as the stocks of the plant increases. In fact, whenever stocks of a
product rises (becomes easier to produce), it would lower the prices of the product due to the fact that it has a higher amount of availability. This is one of the
effects in economics (Demus, Frans). However, due to the fact that this method is quite expensive to use, it is likely that the price gradient isnt going to be a lot

of difference, especially since companies would not get enough profit from using this method (First Law of Economics). This method will still lower prices in
the market, but it will not be a lot. Fortunately, tissue culture is also used to reproduce decorative plants. Since tissue culture allows the ne plant to be similar to
the parent plant, it is ideal to be used for decorative plants as it allows the possibility of creating numerous identical plants ( Advantages of Artificial Vegetative
Propagation). This would increase the profit found in those types of businesses, which would increase chances of employment for people as more space are
available in the decorative plants industry.
Overall, this method is generally used only for small-scaled production, or during science experiments. In the market, this method is only mainly used for
reproduction in decorative plants. This method is an effective method in terms of artificial propagation, but it is not often used for mass production in terms of
foodstuff, due to the availability of better methods. For example, the layering method is cheaper to produce, thus allowing it to be used by more people.
In layering, not many equipments are needed and that makes this methods easier as well. All someone would need to do layering is a scissor or
something pointy like needles, toothpick, or perhaps a cutter (Mike Mcgroaty). Layering is a very unique technique. This is because it is one of the most simple
method for planting and because it is actually really effective as well. There are several ways to do layering. One of them is to take one of the stems. Then, dig a
small hole inside the soil, and put the stem inside. Push the stem sideways inside the hole so that it would penetrate outside of the diameter of the hole (outside
of the holes area). Take it out from the other side and do it again and again. Then it will automatically start growing. For a plant to grow, they need water, and in
order to absorb water, plants need roots underground, and that is why we need something sharp. Using the sharp equipment we simply just scrape of the area
of bark (Mike Mcgroaty), then we need that line part to touch the ground. Considering the fact that that is the only way to absorb the water, it will start growing
a small root and from the upper part, it will start growing the actual plant. It is quite easy to do.

It is true that using this method makes it easier to grow and faster to grow compared to normal planting, which means it affects the world a lot. Like what
the article for tissue culture said, it is true that more produced plants will make products cheaper, because the less the production, the higher the price. The
reason for that is less production means more rare and less people can have it which makes the price of product higher, so for this case its the opposite, more
products more people can have it, which makes the price lower because more people can have it (Demus, Frans). It does impact the world a lot, because the
more cheaper the product, the more people can have it. Whats good about this method is that it is incredibly cheap to produce. This allows ordinary farmers to
utilise this method, thus producing more vegetables (Plant Propagation by Layering). This also means that the farmers can get more profit through selling the
vegetables.
Artificial propagation is a part of modern agriculture. Both methods have their pros and cons. In terms of creating foodstuff, the layering method is most
deffinitely the winner, as it is easy and cheap to do, and because nearly everyone can do it. Tissue culture, on the other hand, is useful when someone wants to
create identical plants as the parent plant. The tissue culture method is better suited for decoration purposes. However, both propagation methods are useful in
their own ways, and they both helpp to effect the economy in a good way. Even though these methods have their own downfalls, they still manage to create
plants quicker, thus bringing better profit to whoever is using the product. All in all, artificial propagation has many different uses in the modern world.

Works Cited
"The First Law of Economics | Foundation for Economic Education." FEE Freeman Article. Web. 16 Dec. 2015.
Demus, Frans. "Sebab Akibat Keturunan Harga Barang." Personal interview. 15 Dec. 2015.

"Definition of SUBSTRATE." Substrate. Merriam Webster, n.d. Web. 16 Dec. 2015.

Smith, Ronald. "Home Propagation Techniques." NDSU Extension Service H-1257 (2010): 16. Web.
<https://www.ag.ndsu.edu/pubs/plantsci/landscap/h1257.pdf>.
"Advantages of Artificial Vegetative Propagation." Advantages of Artificial Vegetative Propagation. Web. 17 Dec. 2015.
Mcgroaty Mike. "Propagation By Layering." N.p., 12 May 2015. Web. 17 Dec. 2015. <http://freeplants.com/layering.htm>.
"Plant Propagation by Layering: Instructions for the Home Gardener | NC State University." Plant Propagation by Layering: Instructions for the Home Gardener |
NC State University. Web. 17 Dec. 2015.

Note:
(Note: Frans Demus, Math teacher, studied in mathematical statistics, which includes a course in economics.)