Hipertensi JNC 7
Hipertensi JNC 7
Hipertensi JNC 7
ABSTRACT
Background. Despite it is general thought that the aorta lengthens with hypertension, its empirical
evidence from Indonesian population is lacking. This study aimed to examine the relationship between
grade of hypertension and aortic elongation on the chest X-ray examination.
Methods. A cross-sectional study has been carried out at the Radiology Department, Dr. Moewardi
Hospital, from May 23rd to June 23rd 2011. A sample of 60 subjects aged from 20 to 80 years old were
selected by purposive sampling. Postero-anterior chest X-ray photograph including six pairs of anterior
ribs and ten pairs of posterior ribs was taken with sufficient inspiration. Subjects with other abnormal
cardiac and aortic valve were excluded. Study subjects filled-in informed consent form and were
measured for aortic elongation, i.e. the length between the top of aortic arch and incisura jugularis
sterni. The blood pressure was checked. The researcher also searched the subjects medical record for
secondary data. Odds Ratio (OR) was used to measure the strength of association, and chi-square to
test its statistical significance, on SPSS 17.0 for Windows.
Results: Individuals with prehypertension had 5 times higher risk of aortic elongation than normal
individuals (OR= 5.09; 95%CI 1.14 to 22.62; p=0.013). Individuals with grade 1 hypertension had 8 times
higher risk of aortic elongation than normal individuals (OR= 8.00; 95%CI 1.39 to 45.75; p=0.007).
Individuals with grade 2 hypertension had 61 times higher risk of aortic elongation than normal
individuals (OR=60.71; 95%CI 2.76 to 1332; p<0.001).
Conclusion: There is a strong and statistically significant dose-response relationship between grade
of hypertension and aortic elongation. Aortic elongation can be used as a sensitive and reliable marker
for diagnosing pre-hypertension and hypertension..
Keyword: grade of hypertension, aortic elongation
PENDAHULUAN
Hipertensi merupakan masalah kesehatan masyarakat
yang serius di seluruh dunia. Prevalensi hipertensi
semakin meningkat, sedikit penderita yang
mendapatkan terapi adekuat, masih banyak penderita
yang tidak terdeteksi, serta morbiditas dan mortalitas
yang tinggi akibat komplikasi hipertensi (Yogiantoro,
2006). Data WHO tahun 2000 menunjukkan bahwa
sekitar 972 juta (26.4%) penduduk dunia menderita
hipertensi dan angka tersebut kemungkinan
meningkat menjadi 29.2% pada tahun 2025. Dari
972 juta penderita hipertensi, 333 juta berada di
negara maju sedangkan 639 juta sisanya berada di
negara berkembang. Di Indonesia, pada tahun 2007,
18
MARIA LEONY RAHAJENG FIRSTYANI/ HUBUNGAN ANTARA DERAJAT HIPERTENSI DAN ELONGASI AORTA
Derajat hipertensi
PreHipertensi Hipertensi Total
Normal
hipertensi
1
2
n (%)
n (%)
n (%)
n (%)
n (%)
2 (67)
0 (0)
1 (33)
0 (0)
3 (100)
2 (67)
1 (33)
0 (0)
0 (0)
3 (100)
6 (40)
8 (53)
1 (7)
0 (0)
15 (100)
3 (18)
8 (46)
3 (18)
3 (18)
17 (100)
1 (14)
3 (43)
2 (29)
1 (14)
7 (100)
1 (7)
5 (33)
5 (33)
4 (27)
15 (100)
15 (25) 25 (42)
12 (20)
8 (13)
60 (100)
19
PEMBAHASAN
Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan
antara derajat hipertensi dan elongasi aorta pada
pemeriksaan foto toraks di RSUD Dr. Moewardi
Surakarta. Usia sampel minimal 20 tahun didasarkan
pada studi pustaka sebelumnya yang menyatakan
bahwa pemanjangan dan berkelok-kelok serta
bertambahnya diameter dan volumenya pada
20
MARIA LEONY RAHAJENG FIRSTYANI/ HUBUNGAN ANTARA DERAJAT HIPERTENSI DAN ELONGASI AORTA
22