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    dm dt ∀ ρ γ P ρ dP dt: ρ ρ P P ρ P γ+1 P

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    Jeffery Williams
    The document summarizes the equations used to model isentropic flow through a nozzle and determine the exit velocity, exit density, and mass flow rate. It describes how assuming choked flow allows relating the stagnation pressure and exit pressure. The document then presents the derivation of an equation relating the stagnation pressure ratio over time. A Matlab code is shown that implements this equation to calculate the stagnation pressure ratio from t=0 to 5 seconds.

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    dm dt ∀ ρ γ P ρ dP dt: ρ ρ P P ρ P γ+1 P

    Uploaded by

    Jeffery Williams
    32 views4 pages
    The document summarizes the equations used to model isentropic flow through a nozzle and determine the exit velocity, exit density, and mass flow rate. It describes how assuming choked flow allows relating the stagnation pressure and exit pressure. The document then presents the derivation of an equation relating the stagnation pressure ratio over time. A Matlab code is shown that implements this equation to calculate the stagnation pressure ratio from t=0 to 5 seconds.

    Original Description:

    Supersonic Nozzle Analysis

    Original Title

    Nozzle

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    The document summarizes the equations used to model isentropic flow through a nozzle and determine the exit velocity, exit density, and mass flow rate. It describes how assuming choked flow allows relating the stagnation pressure and exit pressure. The document then presents the derivation of an equation relating the stagnation pressure ratio over time. A Matlab code is shown that implements this equation to calculate the stagnation pressure ratio from t=0 to 5 seconds.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as docx, pdf, or txt
    32 views4 pages

    dm dt ∀ ρ γ P ρ dP dt: ρ ρ P P ρ P γ+1 P

    Uploaded by

    Jeffery Williams
    The document summarizes the equations used to model isentropic flow through a nozzle and determine the exit velocity, exit density, and mass flow rate. It describes how assuming choked flow allows relating the stagnation pressure and exit pressure. The document then presents the derivation of an equation relating the stagnation pressure ratio over time. A Matlab code is shown that implements this equation to calculate the stagnation pressure ratio from t=0 to 5 seconds.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as docx, pdf, or txt
    of 4

    Kelvin Tam

    Compressible Flow Project 3


    Assuming isentropic flow in the nozzle, the mass flow rate leaving the nozzle can be
    written as
    1

    dm o 1
    =
    o 1
    1
    dt

    Po 1

    ( ddtP )
    o

    which is done using ideal gas and isentropic relations. For steady flow through an
    adiabatic nozzle, the energy equation can be used to solve for the exit velocity as a
    function of gamma, exit density and exit pressure:

    ( )( ( ) )

    Pe
    2 Po
    V e=
    1
    1 o
    Po

    For a Stage I analysis, we assume choked flow in the nozzle hence M=1. From this,
    the following relation is realized:

    P0 + 1
    =
    Pe
    2

    ( )

    +1

    Using this relation, the exit velocity of the nozzle can be written as

    2 P1o 11/ 1
    2 Po
    V e=
    =
    P 2
    +1 o
    ( + 1 ) o 1 o

    ( )

    From the two equations above, solving for the exit density yields
    1

    P e o1
    e =o
    = 1
    Po

    P01

    ( )

    ( )(

    2
    +1

    1
    1

    Next, the mass flow rate of the air leaving the nozzle is determined

    o1

    ( )(

    m=
    ( e A e V e) =

    01

    2
    +1

    1
    1

    Ae

    2 P 1o 11/ 2+1
    P
    ( +1 ) o 1 o

    Setting the above equal to -dm/dt and introducing a constant C=

    A e

    )( )
    2
    +1

    1
    1

    2 P1o 11 /
    ( +1 ) o 1

    gives the simple relation

    13
    2
    o

    d Po
    =C
    dt

    ( )

    integrating from initial conditions to arbitrary time t gives:


    b
    o1

    Po=( P + bCt )

    1
    b

    where b is the constant (1-)/(2).


    For a range of times from t=0 to t=5 seconds, a Matlab code is written to determine
    the ratio Po/P01. To begin, the initial conditions and properties of the nozzle are
    inputted which includes the volume V, stagnation pressure in the reservoir P01,
    initial temperature T0 and exit area Ae. Properties of the flow (air) is also inputted
    which include gamma (denoted by Y) equal to 1.4 and gas constant:

    Using the ideal gas law, initial density denoted as rho1 is calculated:

    Next, the constants C and b as defined in the derivation shown earlier is computed
    for the parameters of the given problem:

    A vector t is defined which divides the interval from 0 to 5 seconds into 10 steps of
    size 0.5 seconds. Using the final result of Stage I analysis the pressure is computed
    and stored in the vector P0. This result is then divided by the initial reservoir
    pressure in order to obtain the desired ratios which are stored in the vector Ratio:

    Results are then plotted using

    The code returns the following output:


    t
    0
    0.5
    1
    1.5
    2
    2.5
    3
    3.5
    4
    4.5
    5

    Po/Po1
    1
    0.262
    2
    0.085
    3
    0.032
    4
    0.013
    9
    0.006
    5
    0.003
    3
    0.001
    8
    0.001
    0.000
    6
    0.000
    4

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