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    The federal government has expanded its role over three eras of federalism. Initially under dual federalism, the national and state governments each had clearly defined separate spheres of influence. During cooperative federalism beginning in the Great Depression, the federal government took on a greater domestic policy and spending role. This continued expanding through the 1960s. Under the new federalism of the 1980s, there was an effort to scale back federal power and return more authority to the states, though the long term direction of federalism remains uncertain.

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    Biggov

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    The federal government has expanded its role over three eras of federalism. Initially under dual federalism, the national and state governments each had clearly defined separate spheres of influence. During cooperative federalism beginning in the Great Depression, the federal government took on a greater domestic policy and spending role. This continued expanding through the 1960s. Under the new federalism of the 1980s, there was an effort to scale back federal power and return more authority to the states, though the long term direction of federalism remains uncertain.

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    The federal government has expanded its role over three eras of federalism. Initially under dual federalism, the national and state governments each had clearly defined separate spheres of influence. During cooperative federalism beginning in the Great Depression, the federal government took on a greater domestic policy and spending role. This continued expanding through the 1960s. Under the new federalism of the 1980s, there was an effort to scale back federal power and return more authority to the states, though the long term direction of federalism remains uncertain.

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    © All Rights Reserved
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    4K views11 pages

    Biggov

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    The federal government has expanded its role over three eras of federalism. Initially under dual federalism, the national and state governments each had clearly defined separate spheres of influence. During cooperative federalism beginning in the Great Depression, the federal government took on a greater domestic policy and spending role. This continued expanding through the 1960s. Under the new federalism of the 1980s, there was an effort to scale back federal power and return more authority to the states, though the long term direction of federalism remains uncertain.

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    How did the federal government

    get big?

    Theres too much government in my life.


    ___ Agree

    ___Disagree

    ___I have no idea what youre talking about, Ms. Lucisano

    Debate over the size of government


    Opponents of big government:

    Government plays too big a role in domestic


    policy (far beyond protecting life, lib, happiness)
    High taxes and regulatory excess have hampered
    business prosperity and economic growth
    Entitlement spending (40% of budget) is
    excessive, and unsustainable on its current
    trajectory
    Weve reached a tipping point and government
    must do less and spend less rather than tax more

    Proponents of an active federal government:

    Govt spending is needed due to:


    protecting welfare of citizens from the excesses of
    the wealthy few
    ensuring entitlements - ie. social welfare programs
    - esp. true in difficult economic times when govt is
    needed for job creation, providing health, education
    and welfare for its citizenry
    Reducing the size of government would lead to
    unacceptable reductions in social welfare,
    environmental protection, consumer safety and
    other public goods

    THE EVOLUTION OF FEDERALISM - THREE ERAS


    DUAL FEDERALISM

    COOPERATIVE FEDERALISM

    NEW FEDERALISM

    1) DUAL FEDERALISM

    Views the Constitution as giving a limited list of


    powersprimarily foreign policy and national
    defenseto the national government, leaving the
    rest to the sovereign states.

    Each level of government is dominant within its own


    sphere.

    The Supreme Court serves as the umpire between


    the national government and the states in disputes
    over which level of government has responsibility
    for a particular activity.

    2) COOPERATIVE FEDERALISM

    Stresses federalism as a system of intergovernmental relations in delivering


    governmental goods and services to the people and calls for cooperation among
    various levels of government.
    all levels of government are involved in a variety of issues and programs (marble
    cake) , rather than a layer cake, or dual federalism, with fixed divisions between
    layers or levels of government.

    Shift occurred during the Great Depression

    National government became major player in domestic policy (ie. Social Security)

    Major shift in money from federal government to state/local governments, ie: grant-in-aid
    money flooded to states for public works projects, relief agencies (alpabetocracy: NRA, TVA,
    CCC)
    Deepened in 1960s with the broadening scope of federal domestic policies and programs (ie.
    Medicare/Medicaid)

    3) NEW FEDERALISM

    Also known as the Devolution Revolution (because


    the power of the federal government devolved back to
    states), this type of federalism took root during the
    Reagan admin. based on notion that government had
    become too big
    Goal: transferring responsibility for policies from the
    federal government to state and local governments
    Proposed drastic cuts to domestic programs,
    especially welfare, and cuts in income tax
    New federalism is still a battleground b/w dual and
    cooperative federalism and to some extent it remains
    to be seen which direction the nation will take

    CONSTITUTIONAL BASIS OF FEDERALISM


    SUPREMACY CLAUSE: This Constitution, and the Laws of the United States which shall be
    made in pursuance thereof; and all treaties made, or which shall be made, under the
    authority of the United States, shall be the supreme law of the land; and the judges in every
    state shall be bound thereby, anything in the constitution or laws of any state to the contrary
    notwithstanding.
    10th AMENDMENT: The powers not delegated to the United States by the Constitution, nor
    prohibited by it to the States, are reserved to the States respectively, or to the people.

    CONSTITUTIONAL BASIS FOR STRENGTHENING


    GOVERNMENT
    IMPLIED POWERS (AKA The Elastic Clause): The Congress shall have Power
    ... To make all Laws which shall be necessary and proper for carrying into
    Execution the foregoing Powers, and all other Powers vested by this
    Constitution in the Government of the United States, or in any Department or
    Officer thereof.
    COMMERCE CLAUSE: [The Congress shall have Power] To regulate
    Commerce with foreign Nations, and among the several States, and with the
    Indian Tribes;

    MOST JUSTIFICATION FOR THE GROWTH OF GOVT


    OCCURRED DUE TO:

    CONSTITUTIONAL INTERPRETATIONS OF IMPLIED POWERS AND


    COMMERCE CLAUSE
    THE NEW DEAL
    STRUGGLE FOR RACIAL EQUALITY IN THE 60S

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