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    Information Security Mohamad Fakhrul Radzi Bin Azeman Diplome in E-Commerce Technology

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    Rax
    CBC (Cipher Block Chaining) mode allows the same plaintext blocks to be encrypted to different ciphertext blocks by "chaining" encrypted blocks through XORing. It uses an initialization vector to make each message unique. A 1-bit error affects two blocks by garbling one block and flipping a bit in the next. While parallel decryption is possible in CBC, encryption must be done sequentially. CBC has been commonly used and techniques like ciphertext stealing can handle issues with the last block.

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    Information Security Mohamad Fakhrul Radzi Bin Azeman Diplome in E-Commerce Technology

    Uploaded by

    Rax
    75 views7 pages
    CBC (Cipher Block Chaining) mode allows the same plaintext blocks to be encrypted to different ciphertext blocks by "chaining" encrypted blocks through XORing. It uses an initialization vector to make each message unique. A 1-bit error affects two blocks by garbling one block and flipping a bit in the next. While parallel decryption is possible in CBC, encryption must be done sequentially. CBC has been commonly used and techniques like ciphertext stealing can handle issues with the last block.

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    Information Security

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    CBC (Cipher Block Chaining) mode allows the same plaintext blocks to be encrypted to different ciphertext blocks by "chaining" encrypted blocks through XORing. It uses an initialization vector to make each message unique. A 1-bit error affects two blocks by garbling one block and flipping a bit in the next. While parallel decryption is possible in CBC, encryption must be done sequentially. CBC has been commonly used and techniques like ciphertext stealing can handle issues with the last block.

    Copyright:

    Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
    Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as ppt, pdf, or txt
    75 views7 pages

    Information Security Mohamad Fakhrul Radzi Bin Azeman Diplome in E-Commerce Technology

    Uploaded by

    Rax
    CBC (Cipher Block Chaining) mode allows the same plaintext blocks to be encrypted to different ciphertext blocks by "chaining" encrypted blocks through XORing. It uses an initialization vector to make each message unique. A 1-bit error affects two blocks by garbling one block and flipping a bit in the next. While parallel decryption is possible in CBC, encryption must be done sequentially. CBC has been commonly used and techniques like ciphertext stealing can handle issues with the last block.

    Copyright:

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    Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as ppt, pdf, or txt
    of 7

    INFORMATION SECURITY

    MOHAMAD FAKHRUL RADZI BIN


    AZEMAN
    DIPLOME IN E-COMMERCE
    TECHNOLOGY
    Cipher Block Chaining
    (CBC)
     Allows the same plaintext blocks to be
    encrypted to different ciphertext blocks.

     Encrypted blocks are “chained” through


    XORing.

     to make each message unique, an


    initialization vector must be used in the
    first block.
    Concept of CBC
     No parallel encrypting , while parallel decrypting is
    possible.

    A 1-bit error affects two blocks:


     the corresponding block is garbled
     the corresponding bit is flipped in the next block

     Problem with the IV: 1-bit error only flips 1 bit in the 1st
    block, no garbled block. Hard to detect!

    Solutions:
     encipher the IV
     don’t transmit the IV, but compute it from a known value
     use authentication!
    Formula of CBC
     the mathematical formula for CBC
    encryption is

    while the mathematical formula for CBC


    decryption is

     CBC has been the most commonly used


    mode of operation.
    Formula of CBC
    (cont.)
     One way to handle this last issue is through the
    method known as ciphertext stealing.

     Note that a one-bit change in a plaintext affects all


    following ciphertext blocks. A plaintext can be
    recovered from just two adjacent blocks of ciphertext.

     As a consequence, decryption can be parallelized, and


    a one-bit change to the ciphertext causes complete
    corruption of the corresponding block of plaintext, and
    inverts the corresponding bit in the following block of
    plaintext.
    Example of CBC
    Conclusions
     CBC mode should not be used for data
    integrity protection
     Oracle services can be generally available
     Error messages in cryptographic protocols
    need to be handled with care
     It is better to use message authentication
    techniques based on one-way
     transformations rather than encryption-
    decryption techniques

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