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    Properties of Spherical Triangles

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    kurikong111
    This document discusses properties and solving methods for spherical triangles. It defines a spherical triangle as a triangle whose sides are all great circles on a sphere. It provides properties like all angles summing to more than 180 degrees and less than 540 degrees. For a right spherical triangle with one 90 degree angle, it gives formulas relating the sine of the middle term to tangents of the adjacent terms or cosine of the opposite term. An example problem demonstrates using the formulas to solve a right spherical triangle given one angle and side measures.

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    Properties of Spherical Triangles

    Uploaded by

    kurikong111
    1K views3 pages
    This document discusses properties and solving methods for spherical triangles. It defines a spherical triangle as a triangle whose sides are all great circles on a sphere. It provides properties like all angles summing to more than 180 degrees and less than 540 degrees. For a right spherical triangle with one 90 degree angle, it gives formulas relating the sine of the middle term to tangents of the adjacent terms or cosine of the opposite term. An example problem demonstrates using the formulas to solve a right spherical triangle given one angle and side measures.

    Original Description:

    These are the trigonometric properties of spherical triangels.

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    This document discusses properties and solving methods for spherical triangles. It defines a spherical triangle as a triangle whose sides are all great circles on a sphere. It provides properties like all angles summing to more than 180 degrees and less than 540 degrees. For a right spherical triangle with one 90 degree angle, it gives formulas relating the sine of the middle term to tangents of the adjacent terms or cosine of the opposite term. An example problem demonstrates using the formulas to solve a right spherical triangle given one angle and side measures.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    1K views3 pages

    Properties of Spherical Triangles

    Uploaded by

    kurikong111
    This document discusses properties and solving methods for spherical triangles. It defines a spherical triangle as a triangle whose sides are all great circles on a sphere. It provides properties like all angles summing to more than 180 degrees and less than 540 degrees. For a right spherical triangle with one 90 degree angle, it gives formulas relating the sine of the middle term to tangents of the adjacent terms or cosine of the opposite term. An example problem demonstrates using the formulas to solve a right spherical triangle given one angle and side measures.

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    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    of 3

    Properties of spherical triangle :

    1. If a circle is drawn on a sphere


    so that the radius of the circle is
    the same as the radius of the
    sphere it is called a great circle .
    Any other circle is a small circle
    .
    2. An infinit number of great circle
    can pass through one point , but
    only one great circle can pass through tow points , unless they are
    diametrically opposite .
    3. A spherical triangle is a triangle each of whose sides is a great
    circle .
    4. The length of the arc of a circle can be measured by the angle
    which the arc subtends at the center of the circle . The sides of a
    spherical triangle are measured in degree , minutes , and seconds .
    5. No sides of a spherical triangle can therefore exceed 180 .
    6. The three angles of a spherical triangle must together be more than
    180 and less than 540 .
    7. The greater side is opposite the greater angle , if tow sides are
    equal their opposite angles are equal .
    8. If one angle of the triangle is 90 it is called a right-angle triangle
    , and if one side of the triangle 90 it is called a quadrantal
    triangle .

    Solving right angle spherical triangle :


    In case giving a spherical triangle in which one angle is 90 , we
    use the following fundamental rules ,

    sin m iddle = tan( adj .) tan ( adj .)


    sin m iddle = cos(opp .) cos (opp .)

    Example :
    1. Solve the following right angle spherical triangle ABC
    given that :
    a = 87 16' , B = 38 45' , C = 90

    C = 900

    Solution :

    In the first

    sin a = tan b . tan (90 B )

    90o - B

    sin a = tan b . cot B


    sin a
    = sin a. tan B = 0.801671751
    cot B
    b = tan 1 0.801671751 = 38.718657 = 38 43 5
    tan b =

    90o - A
    90o - c

    In the second

    sin (90 A ) = cos a . cos (90 B )


    cos A = cos a . sin B
    cos A = 0.029848771
    A = cos 1 0.02984877145 = 88D 17 22.33"
    In the third

    sin (90 B) = tan a . tan (90 c)


    cos B = tan a . cot c
    tan c =

    tan a
    = 26.85778049
    cos B

    c = tan 1 26.85778049 = 87 D 52 3

    Sheet (3)

    Solving right angle spherical triangle :


    1) Solve the following right angle spherical triangle ABC given that :
    sin m iddle = tan( adj .) tan ( adj .)
    sin m iddle = cos(opp .) cos (opp .)
    Lecture
    1.
    2.
    3.
    4.
    5.

    A = 90 ,
    C = 90 ,
    a = 85 17' ,
    C = 90 ,
    A = 90 ,

    c = 46 18' 30" ,
    c = 69 25' 11" ,
    b = 102 26' 15" ,
    a = 120 18' 45' ,
    B = 100 ,

    B = 34 27' 30"
    B = 63 25' 03"
    B = 90
    b = 101 9'
    C = 87 10'

    Section
    1.
    2.
    3.
    4.

    c = 614' 56" ,
    a = 40 31' 20" ,
    b = 70 23' 42" , B = 90 ,
    A = 90 ,
    b = 100 ,
    A = 90 ,
    c = 100 42' ,

    C = 90
    c = 48 39' 16"
    c = 98 20'
    B = 78 10'

    Home work
    1.
    2.
    3.
    4.
    5.

    C = 90 ,
    A = 66 07' 20" ,
    A = 90 ,
    B = 72 19' ,
    B = 90 ,
    a = 25 12' 48" ,
    A = 90 ,
    c = 46 12' ,
    c = 78 53' 20" , A = 83 56' 40" ,

    10

    a = 59 28' 27"
    b = 50 50'
    c = 52 0' 45"
    a = 70 49'
    C = 90

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