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    Comparison Between Active and Passive Transport

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    Carlo Conde
    Active transport uses ATP to pump molecules against their concentration gradient, from low to high concentration, and requires cellular energy. Examples include the sodium-potassium pump and endocytosis. Passive transport moves molecules down their concentration gradient, from high to low concentration, and does not require energy. It includes diffusion, facilitated diffusion, and osmosis, transporting soluble particles like water, oxygen, and sugars. Passive transport maintains equilibrium between cells and their environment.

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    Comparison Between Active and Passive Transport

    Uploaded by

    Carlo Conde
    358 views2 pages
    Active transport uses ATP to pump molecules against their concentration gradient, from low to high concentration, and requires cellular energy. Examples include the sodium-potassium pump and endocytosis. Passive transport moves molecules down their concentration gradient, from high to low concentration, and does not require energy. It includes diffusion, facilitated diffusion, and osmosis, transporting soluble particles like water, oxygen, and sugars. Passive transport maintains equilibrium between cells and their environment.

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    Active transport uses ATP to pump molecules against their concentration gradient, from low to high concentration, and requires cellular energy. Examples include the sodium-potassium pump and endocytosis. Passive transport moves molecules down their concentration gradient, from high to low concentration, and does not require energy. It includes diffusion, facilitated diffusion, and osmosis, transporting soluble particles like water, oxygen, and sugars. Passive transport maintains equilibrium between cells and their environment.

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    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as docx, pdf, or txt
    358 views2 pages

    Comparison Between Active and Passive Transport

    Uploaded by

    Carlo Conde
    Active transport uses ATP to pump molecules against their concentration gradient, from low to high concentration, and requires cellular energy. Examples include the sodium-potassium pump and endocytosis. Passive transport moves molecules down their concentration gradient, from high to low concentration, and does not require energy. It includes diffusion, facilitated diffusion, and osmosis, transporting soluble particles like water, oxygen, and sugars. Passive transport maintains equilibrium between cells and their environment.

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    © All Rights Reserved
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    of 2

    Active Transport

    Passive Transport

    Definition

    Active Transport uses ATP to


    pump molecules
    AGAINST/UP the
    concentration gradient.
    Transport occurs from a low
    concentration of solute to
    high concentration of solute.
    Requires cellular energy.

    Movement of molecules
    DOWN the concentration
    gradient. It goes from high
    to low concentration, in
    order to maintain
    equilibrium in the cells.
    Does not require cellular
    energy.

    Types of transport

    Endocytosis & exocytosis

    Diffusion, facilitated
    diffusion, and osmosis.

    Types of particles
    transported

    Proteins, ions, large cells,


    complex sugars.

    Anything soluble (meaning


    able to dissolve) in lipids,
    small monosaccharides,
    water, oxygen, carbon
    dioxide, sex hormones, etc.

    Examples

    phagocytosis, pinocytosis,
    sodium/potassium pump,
    secretion of a substance into
    the bloodstream (process is
    opposite of phagocytosis &
    pinocytosis)

    Diffusion, osmosis, and


    facilitated diffusion.

    Importance

    In eukaryotic cells, amino


    acids, sugars and lipids need
    to enter the cell by protein
    pumps, which require active
    transport. These items either
    cannot diffuse or diffuse too
    slowly for survival.

    It maintains equilibrium in
    the cell. Wastes (carbon
    dioxide, water, etc.) diffuse
    out and are excreted;
    nutrients and oxygen diffuse
    in to be used by the cell.

    Functions

    Transports molecules
    through the cell membrane
    against the concentration
    gradient so more of the
    substance is inside the cell
    (i.e. a nutrient) or outside
    the cell (i.e. a waste) than

    Maintains dynamic
    equilibrium of water, gases,
    nutrients, wastes, etc.
    between cells and
    extracellular fluid; allows for
    small nutrients and gases to
    enter/exit. No NET

    normal. Disrupts
    equilibrium established by
    diffusion.

    diffusion/osmosis after
    equilibrium is established.

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