Memorandum

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MEMORANDUM

TO: DR. DIANE CARTER


FROM: MARIE WAGNER
SUBJECT: PROPOSAL FOR PORTFOLIO TOPIC
DATE: 02/03/2015
I propose to focus my portfolio on the way the public perceives endangered species management
and how communication about endangered species management can be improved to better
manage wildlife and inform the people affected by the changes.
Wildlife management has long been contested by the different stakeholders involved:
landowners, researchers, wildlife defense groups, hunters, and admirers of the animals. Public
opinion can change, depending on the political eonvironment and media coverage, so it is
difficult to pinpoint the ideal course to take when managing wildlife. This topic becomes more
difficult and controversial when applied to endangered species.
My interest in this topic stems from my work with pygmy rabbits, mule deer, and grizzly bears.
Currently, only pygmy rabbits are endangered species; however, mule deer are increasingly
threatened due to current management practices of cougars, which are primary predators of mule
deer in the western United States (Clark, Davidson, Johnson, & Anthony, 2014). In addition, I
have worked with grizzly, so I understand the controversy surrounding large carnivore
management, which can be applied to endangered carnivores such as the grey wolf.
The work I am most familiar with is foraging and cover preferences of the Colombia Basin
pygmy rabbit. The research has shown that to reproduce successfully, they must have access to
very specific conditions which often directly affect the areas farming and ranching industries
(Lawes, Anthony, Robinson, Forbes, & Lorton, 2013). The foraging and reproduction habits of
pygmy rabbits depend on deep soil and a plethora of big sagebrush for cover and food; pygmy
rabbits do not stray far from their burrow if they can help it (Lawes, Anthony, Robinson, Forbes,
& Lorton, 2013).
The public is not always aware of how vital every organism is to its ecosystem. As a result,
individuals often assume that single species can be managed individually. The most commonly
used example is the wolves of Yellowstone (Farquhar, 2011). After the wolves were exterminated
from Yellowstone National Park, guests could see large quantities of elk and deer. However, the
ecosystem began to slowly deteriorate. Eventually, the trees began dying along the river banks,
then the beavers and fish disappeared, and the water quality was poor. In 2001, wolves were
reintroduced to the park. Within just a few years, the beavers and the fish returned, while the deer
and elk continued to flourish. This is a prime example of how important just one organism is to
its ecosystem. Without it, there are severe consequences.
The effect that wildlife management has on the human population is great, especially when
managing endangered species. Many stakeholders see federal and state interference as going
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against their right to work and make a living off of the land. The ways in which management
plans are described and communicated to stakeholders can influence the success of a plan.
Communication and feedback are vital in finding a balance between undermanaging and overmanaging so that all species involved can co-exist in relative harmony.

REFERENCES
Clark, D., Davidson, G., Johnson, B., & Anthony, R. (2014). Cougar kill rates and prey selection
in a multiple-prey system in northeast Oregon. Journal of Wildlife Management, 78.
Farquhar, B. (2011, June 21). Wolf Reintroduction Changes Ecosystem. Retrieved 3 February
2015, from http://www.yellowstonepark.com/2011/06/wolf-reintroduction-changes
ecosystem/
Lawes, T., Anthony, R., Robinson, W. D., Forbes, J., & Lorton, G. (2013). Movements and
settlement site selection of pygmy rabbits after experimental translocation. Journal of
Wildlife Management, 77.

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