Est
Est
Est
COURSE TITILE
3
3
3
3
3
3
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
4
3
3
3
3
3
0
18
0
1
3
3
2
21
Embedded Networking
Wireless and Mobile Communication
Software for Embedded Systems
Elective - II
Elective - III
3
3
3
3
3
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
4
3
3
3
3
0
18
0
1
3
3
2
21
3
3
3
0
0
0
0
0
0
3
3
3
0
9
0
0
12 6
12 15
Sl.No
CODE
THEORY
1
ET7201
2
ET7202
3
ET7203
4
ET7204
5
6
PRACTICAL
7
ET7211
COURSE TITILE
Sl.No
CODE
THEORY
1
2
3
PRACTICAL
4
ET7311
COURSE TITILE
Elective IV
Elective V
Elective VI
Project Work (Phase I)
TOTAL
Sl.No
CODE
THEORY
1
ET7411
SEMESTER IV
COURSE TITILE
Project Work (Phase II)
TOTAL
24 12
24 12
3
3
3
0
0
0
0
0
0
3
3
3
Sl.
CODE
No
THEORY
1 ET7001
2 ET7002
3 ET7016
ELECTIVE I
COURSE TITILE
Digital Instrumentation
Real Time Operating Systems
Parallel Processing Architecture
ELECTIVE II & III
ET7003
5
6
7
8
9
ET7004
ET7005
ET7006
CL7204
ET7007
3
3
3
3
3
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
3
3
3
3
3
ELECTIVE IV ,V & VI
10 ET7008
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
ET7009
ET7010
ET7011
ET7012
ET7013
CL7004
ET7014
ET7015
MA7163
LT P C
31 0 4
OBJECTIVES:
To develop the ability to apply the concepts of Matrix theory and Linear programming in
Electrical Engineering problems.
To achieve an understanding of the basic concepts of one dimensional random variables
and apply in electrical engineering problems.
To familiarize the students in calculus of variations and solve problems using Fourier
transforms associated with engineering applications.
UNIT I
MATRIX THEORY
(9+3)
The Cholesky decomposition - Generalized Eigen vectors, Canonical basis - QR factorization Least squares method - Singular value decomposition.
UNIT II CALCULUS OF VARIATIONS
(9+3)
Concept of variation and its properties Eulers equation Functional dependant on first and
higher order derivatives Functionals dependant on functions of several independent variables
Variational problems with moving boundaries problems with constraints - Direct methods:
Ritz and Kantorovich methods.
UNIT III ONE DIMENSIONAL RANDOM VARIABLES
(9+3)
Random variables - Probability function moments moment generating functions and their
properties Binomial, Poisson, Geometric, Uniform, Exponential, Gamma and Normal
distributions Function of a Random Variable.
UNIT IV LINEAR PROGRAMMING
(9+3)
Formulation Graphical solution Simplex method Two phase method - Transportation and
Assignment Models
UNIT V FOURIER SERIES
(9+3)
Fourier Trigonometric series: Periodic function as power signals Convergence of series
Even and odd function: cosine and sine series Non-periodic function: Extension to other
intervals - Power signals: Exponential Fourier series Parsevals theorem and power spectrum
Eigen value problems and orthogonal functions Regular Sturm-Liouville systems
Generalized Fourier series.
L:45 +T: 15 TOTAL: 60 PERIODS
REFERENCES:
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
Richard Bronson, Matrix Operation, Schaums outline series, 2nd Edition, McGraw Hill,
2011.
Gupta, A.S., Calculus of Variations with Applications, Prentice Hall of India Pvt. Ltd.,
New Delhi, 1997.
Oliver C. Ibe, Fundamentals of Applied Probability and Random Processes, Academic
Press, (An imprint of Elsevier), 2010.
Taha, H.A., Operations Research, An introduction, 10th edition, Pearson education, New
Delhi, 2010.
Andrews L.C. and Phillips R.L., Mathematical Techniques for Engineers and Scientists,
Prentice Hall of India Pvt.Ltd., New Delhi, 2005.
Elsgolts, L., Differential Equations and the Calculus of Variations, MIR Publishers, Moscow,
1973.
Grewal, B.S., Higher Engineering Mathematics, 42nd edition, Khanna Publishers, 2012.
O'Neil, P.V., Advanced Engineering Mathematics, Thomson Asia Pvt. Ltd., Singapore,
2003.
3
9.
Johnson R. A. and Gupta C. B., Miller & Freunds Probability and Statistics for Engineers,
Pearson Education, Asia, 7th Edition, 2007.
ET7101
LT P C
3003
OBJECTIVES
To expose the students to the fundamentals of sequential system design, modelling
To teach the fundamentals of Asynchronous circuits, switching errors
To study on Fault identification in digital switching circuits
To introduce logics for design of Programmable Devices
To comparatively study the classification of commercial family of Programmable
Devices
UNIT I SEQUENTIAL CIRCUIT DESIGN
9
Analysis of Clocked Synchronous Sequential Networks (CSSN) Modelling of CSSN State
Stable Assignment and Reduction Design of CSSN Design of Iterative Circuits ASM Chart
ASM Realization.
UNIT II ASYNCHRONOUS SEQUENTIAL CIRCUIT DESIGN
9
Analysis of Asynchronous Sequential Circuit (ASC) Flow Table Reduction Races in ASC
State Assignment Problem and the Transition Table Design of ASC Static and Dynamic
Hazards Essential Hazards Data Synchronizers Designing Vending Machine Controller
Mixed Operating Mode Asynchronous Circuits.
UNIT III FAULT DIAGNOSIS AND TESTABILITY ALGORITHMS
9
Fault Table Method Path Sensitization Method Boolean Difference Method Kohavi
Algorithm Tolerance Techniques The Compact Algorithm Practical PLAs Fault in PLA
Test Generation Masking Cycle DFT Schemes Built-in Self Test.
UNIT IV SYNCHRONOUS DESIGN USING PROGRAMMABLE DEVICES
9
Programming Techniques -Re-Programmable Devices Architecture- Function blocks, I/Oblocks,
Interconnects, Realize combinational, Arithmetic, Sequential Circuit with Programmable Array
Logic; Architecture and application of Field Programmable Logic Sequence.
UNIT V ARCHITECTURES AND PROGRAMMING PROGRAMMABLE LOGIC DEVICES
9
Architecture with EPLD, PEEL Realization State machine using PLD FPGA-Aptix Field
Programmable Interconnect Xilinx FPGA Xilinx 2000 - Xilinx 4000 family.VHDL based
Designing with PLD-ROM,PAL,PLA,Sequential PLDs,Case study Keypad Scanner.
TOTAL : 45 PERIODS
REFERENCES:
1. Donald G. Givone, Digital principles and Design, Tata McGraw Hill 2002.
2. Stephen Brown and Zvonk Vranesic, Fundamentals of Digital Logic with VHDL Deisgn,
Tata McGraw Hill, 2002
3. Charles H. Roth Jr., Digital Systems design using VHDL, Cengage Learning, 2010.
4. Mark Zwolinski, Digital System Design with VHDL, Pearson Education, 2004
5. Parag K Lala, Digital System design using PLD, BS Publications, 2003
6. John M Yarbrough, Digital Logic applications and Design, Thomson Learning,2001
7. Nripendra N Biswas, Logic Design Theory, Prentice Hall of India, 2001
8. Charles H. Roth Jr., Fundamentals of Logic design, Thomson Learning, 2004.
9. John V.Oldfeild,Richard C.Dorf,Field Programmable Gate Arrays,Wiley India Edition,2008
ET7102
OBJECTIVES
To expose the students to the fundamentals of microcontroller based system
design.
To teach I/O and RTOS role on microcontroller.
To impart knowledge on PIC Microcontroller based system design.
To introduce Microchip PIC 8 bit peripheral system Design
To give case study experiences for microcontroller based applications.
LTPC
3003
ET7103
LT P C
3003
OBJECTIVES
UNIT I
INTRODUCTION
9
Introduction Issues in Real Time Computing Structure of a Real Time System Task
classes Performance Measures for Real Time Systems Estimating Program Run Times
Task Assignment and Scheduling Classical uniprocessor scheduling algorithms
Uniprocessor scheduling of IRIS tasks Task assignment Mode changes and Fault Tolerant
Scheduling.
UNIT II PROGRAMMING LANGUAGES AND TOOLS
9
Programming Languages and Tools Desired language characteristics Data typing Control
structures Facilitating Hierarchical Decomposition, Packages, Run time (Exception) Error
handling Overloading and Generics Multitasking Low level programming Task
Scheduling Timing Specifications Programming Environments Run time support.
UNIT III REAL TIME DATABASES
9
Real time Databases Basic Definition, Real time Vs General Purpose Databases, Main
Memory Databases, Transaction priorities, Transaction Aborts, Concurrency control issues,
Disk Scheduling Algorithms, Two phase Approach to improve Predictability Maintaining
Serialization Consistency Databases for Hard Real Time Systems.
UNIT IV COMMUNICATION
9
Real Time Communication Communications media, Network Topologies Protocols, Fault
Tolerant Routing. Fault Tolerance Techniques Fault Types Fault Detection. Fault Error
containment Redundancy Data Diversity Reversal Checks Integrated Failure handling.
UNIT V . EVALUATION TECHNIQUES
9
Reliability Evaluation Techniques Obtaining parameter values, Reliability models for Hardware
Redundancy Software error models. Clock Synchronization Clock, A Nonfault Tolerant
Synchronization Algorithm Impact of faults Fault Tolerant Synchronization in Hardware
Fault Tolerant Synchronization in software.
TOTAL : 45 PERIODS
REFERENCES
1. C.M. Krishna, Kang G. Shin, Real Time Systems, McGraw Hill International
Editions, 1997.
2. Rajib Mall, Real-time systems: theory and practice, Pearson Education, 2007
3. Peter D.Lawrence, Real Time Micro Computer System Design An Introduction,
McGraw Hill, 1988.
4. Stuart Bennett, Real Time Computer Control An Introduction, Prentice Hall of
India, 1998.
5. S.T. Allworth and R.N.Zobel, Introduction to real time software design, Macmillan,
7
ET7104
LTPC
300 3
OBJECTIVES
To provide a clear understanding on the basic concepts, Building Blocks for
Embedded System
To teach the fundamentals of System design with Partioning
To introduce on Embedded Process development Environment
To study on Basic tool features for target configuration
To introduce different EDLC Phases &Testing of embedded system
UNIT I
EMBEDDED DESIGN WITH MICROCONTROLLERS
9
Product specification Hardware / Software partitioning Detailed hardware and software
design Integration Product testing Microprocessor Vs Micro Controller Performance tools
Bench marking RTOS Micro Controller -issues in selection of processors.
UNIT II
PARTITIONING DECISION
9
Hardware / Software duality Hardware-Software portioning- coding for Hardware- software
development ASIC revolution Managing the Risk Co-verification execution environment
memory organization memory enhancement Firmware-speed and code density -System
startup
UNIT III
FUNCTIONALITIES FOR SYSTEM DESIGN
9
Timers,Watch dog timers RAM, Flash Memory basic toolset Integration of Hardware &
Firmware- InSystem Programming, InApplication Programming,,IDE-Target Configuration- Host
based debugging Remote debugging ROM emulators Logic analyser
UNIT IV IN CIRCUIT EMULATORS
9
Buller proof run control Real time trace Hardware break points Overlay memory Timing
constraints Usage issues Triggers.
UNIT V EMBEDDED DESIGN LIFE CYCLE & TESTING
9
Objective, Need, different Phases & Modelling of the EDLC.choice of Target Architectures for
Embedded Application Development-for Control Dominated-Data Dominated Systems- Software
&Hardware Design,PCB Design, Manufacturing & PCB Assembly-Bug tracking reduction of
risks & costs Performance Unit testing Regression testing Choosing test cases
Functional tests Coverage tests Testing embedded software Performance testing
Maintenance.
TOTAL : 45 PERIODS
REFERENCES
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
ET7111
Sl.No.
1
Title
Requirement
Quantity
5 set
2 set
Microcpontrollers with
peripherals;IDE, Board Support
Software Tools /Uc/OS-II/C
Compiler/others
Simulation Tools as
MATLAB/ LABVIEW /others
10
LTPC
003 2
2 set
5 set
2 set
2 set
Multiple user
Multiple user
Multiple user
10
1 set
TOTAL: 45 PERIODS
ET7201
LT P C
3003
OBJECTIVES
To give an insight to the students about the significance of CMOS technology and
fabrication process.
To teach the importance and architectural features of programmable logic devices.
To introduce the ASIC construction and design algorithms
To teach the basic analog VLSI design techniques.
To study the Logic synthesis and simulation of digital system with Verilog HDL.
UNIT I CMOS DESIGN
9
Overview of digital VLSI design Methodologies- Logic design with CMOS-transmission gate
circuits-Clocked CMOS-dynamic CMOS circuits, Bi-CMOS circuits- Layout diagram, Stick
diagram-IC fabrications Trends in IC technology.
UNIT II PROGRAMABLE LOGIC DEVICES
12
Programming Techniques-Anti fuse-SRAM-EPROM and EEPROM technology ReProgrammable Devices Architecture- Function blocks, I/O blocks,Interconnects, XilinxXC9500,Cool Runner - XC-4000,XC5200, SPARTAN, Virtex - Altera MAX 7000-Flex 10KStratix.
UNIT III BASIC CONSTRUCTION, FLOOR PLANNING, PLACEMENT AND ROUTING
System partition FPGA partitioning Partitioning methods- floor planning placementphysical design flow global routing detailed routing special routing- circuit extraction
DRC.
UNIT IV ANALOG VLSI DESIGN
6
Introduction to analog VLSI- Design of CMOS 2stage-3 stage Op-Amp High Speed and High
frequency op-amps-Super MOS-Analog primitive cells-realization of neural networks.
UNIT V LOGIC SYNTHESIS AND SIMULATION
12
Overview of digital design with Verilog HDL, hierarchical modelling concepts, modules and port
definitions, gate level modelling, data flow modelling, behavioural modelling, task & functions,
Verilog and logic synthesis-simulation-Design examples,Ripple carry Adders, Carry Look ahead
adders, Multiplier, ALU, Shift Registers, Multiplexer, Comparator, Test Bench.
TOTAL 45 PERIODS
11
REFERENCES:
1. M.J.S Smith, Application Specific integrated circuits,Addition Wesley Longman
Inc.1997.
2.Kamran Eshraghian,Douglas A.pucknell and Sholeh Eshraghian,Essentials of VLSI
circuits and system, Prentice Hall India,2005.
3. Wayne Wolf, Modern VLSI design Prentice Hall India,2006.
4. Mohamed Ismail ,Terri Fiez, Analog VLSI Signal and information Processing,
McGraw Hill International Editions,1994.
5.Samir Palnitkar, Veri Log HDL, A Design guide to Digital and Synthesis 2nd
Ed,Pearson,2005.
6. John P. Uyemera Chip design for submicron VLSI cmos layout and simulation , Cengage
Learning India Edition, 2011.
ET7202
EMBEDDED NETWORKING
LTPC
3104
OBJECTIVES
To impart knowledge on
12
UNIT V
WIRELESS EMBEDDED NETWORKING
9
Wireless sensor networks Introduction Applications Network Topology Localization
Time Synchronization - Energy efficient MAC protocols SMAC Energy efficient and robust
routing Data Centric routing
L = 45 T = 15 TOTAL = 60 PERIODS
REFERENCES
1. Frank Vahid, Givargis Embedded Systems Design: A Unified Hardware/Software
Introduction, Wiley Publications
2. Jan Axelson, Parallel Port Complete , Penram publications
3. Dogan Ibrahim, Advanced PIC microcontroller projects in C, Elsevier 2008
4. Jan Axelson Embedded Ethernet and Internet Complete, Penram publications
5. Bhaskar Krishnamachari, Networking wireless sensors, Cambridge press 2005
ET7203
LTPC
300 3
OBJECTIVES
13
TOTAL : 45 PERIODS
REFERENCES
1. Kaveh Pahlavan, Prasanth Krishnamoorthy, Principles of Wireless Networks PHI/Pearson
Education, 2003
2. Uwe Hansmann, Lothar Merk, Martin S. Nicklons and Thomas Stober, Principles of Mobile
computing, Springer, New york, 2003.
3. C.K.Toh, AdHoc mobile wireless networks, Prentice Hall, Inc, 2002.
4. Charles E. Perkins, Adhoc Networking, Addison-Wesley, 2001.
5. Jochen Schiller, Mobile communications, PHI/Pearson Education, Second Edition, 2003.
6. William Stallings, Wireless communications and Networks, PHI/Pearson Education, 2002.
ET7204
LTPC
300 3
OBJECTIVES
To expose the students to the fundamentals of embedded Programming.
To Introduce the GNU C Programming Tool Chain in Linux.
To study the basic concepts of embedded C and Embedded OS
To introduce time driven architecture, Serial Interface with a case study.
To introduce the concept of embedded Java for Web Enabling of systems.
UNIT I
EMBEDDED PROGRAMMING
9
C and Assembly - Programming Style - Declarations and Expressions - Arrays, Qualifiers and
Reading Numbers - Decision and Control Statements - Programming Process - More Control
Statements - Variable Scope and Functions - C Preprocessor - Advanced Types - Simple
Pointers - Debugging and Optimization In-line Assembly.
UNIT II
Adding Structure to C Code: Object oriented programming with C, Header files for Project and
Port, Examples. Meeting Real-time constraints: Creating hardware delays - Need for timeout
mechanism - Creating loop timeouts - Creating hardware timeouts. Creating embedded
operating system: Basis of a simple embedded OS, Introduction to sEOS, Using Timer 0 and
Timer 1, Portability issue, Alternative system architecture, Important design considerations
when using sEOS.
14
Multi-State systems and function sequences: Implementing multi-state (Timed) system Implementing a Multi-state (Input/Timed) system. Using the Serial Interface: RS232 - The Basic
RS-232 Protocol - Asynchronous data transmission and baud rates - Flow control - Software
architecture - Using on-chip UART for RS-232 communication - Memory requirements - The
serial menu architecture - Examples. Case study: Intruder alarm system.
UNIT V
EMBEDDED JAVA
Introduction to Embedded Java and J2ME Smart Card basics Java card technology
overview Java card objects Java card applets working with APDUs Web Technology for
Embedded Systems.
TOTAL : 45 PERIODS
REFERENCES
1.
2.
3.
4.
Steve Oualline, Practical C Programming 3rd Edition, OReilly Media, Inc, 2006.
Stephen Kochan, Programming in C, 3rd Edition, Sams Publishing, 2009.
Michael J Pont, Embedded C, Pearson Education, 2007.
Zhiqun Chen, Java Card Technology for Smart Cards: Architecture and Programmers
Guide, Addison-Wesley Professional, 2000.
ET7211
Sl.No.
1
LTPC
00 32
Quantity
Title
Requirement
Multiple user
2 set each
15
Xilinx/Altera CPLD
Processor
Multiple set
Xilinx/Altera FPGA
Processor
Multiple user
DSP/ARM/FPGA Processors
With IDE, Board Support
Packages & P
DSO(2);Multimeters(6); 3 Types
of Sensors(3 each);DC & AC
Motors 2 each);interface
supports(3 each) eripherals for
interface
ARMProcessor/Microcontroller
2 set
NS2/simulators
Multiple user
NS2/simulators
Multiple user
(MATLAB/LabVIEW/Simulators)
Multiple user
(MATLAB/LabVIEW/Simulators)
Multiple user
8
9
10
Multiple user
TOTAL= 45 PERIODS
REFERENCES :
1. Mohamammad Ali Mazidi & Mazidi 8051 Microcontroller and Embedded Systems, Pearson
Education
2. Mohammad Ali Mazidi, Rolind Mckinley and Danny Causey, PIC Microcontroller and
Embedded Systems Pearson Education
3. UdayaShankara, Modern Digital Signal Processing Includes Signals and SystemsMATLAB Programs, DSP Architecture with Assembly and C Programs, second edition, PHI
Learning 2012.
4. Rashid, Introduction to PSPICE using Orcad for Circuits And Electronics
5. Jan Axelson Embedded Ethernet and Internet Complete, Penram publications
6. Kraig Mitzner, Complete PCB Design using ORCAD Capture and Layout, Elsevier
7. Woon-Seng Gan, Sen M. Kuo, Embedded Signal Processing with the Micro Signal
Architecture, John Wiley & Sons, Inc., Hoboken, New Jersey 2007
8. U. Meyer-Baese Digital Signal Processing using Field Programmable Gate Arrays, Springer
9. Dogan Ibrahim, Advanced PIC microcontroller projects in C, Elsevier 2008
16
ET7311
ET7411
ET7001
L T P C
0 0 12 6
L T P C
0 0 24 12
DIGITAL INSTRUMENTATION
LTPC
3 003
OBJECTIVES
To discuss to the students on the fundamentals building blocks of a digital
instrument
To teach the digital data communication techniques
To study on bus communication standards and working principles
To teach Graphical programming using GUI for instrument building
The case studies to be developed/ discussed
UNIT I
DATA ACQUISITION SYSTEMS
9
Overview of A/D converter, types and characteristics Sampling , Errors. Objective Building
blocks of Automation systems Counters Modes of operation- Frequency, Period, Time
interval measurements, Prescaler, Heterodyne converter for frequency measurement, Single
and Multi channel Data Acquisition systems.
UNIT II
INTERFACING AND DATA TRANSMISSION
9
Data transmission systems 8086 Microprocessor based system design Peripheral Interfaces
Time Division Multiplexing (TDM) Digital Modulation Pulse Modulation Pulse Code
Format Interface systems and standards Communications.
UNIT III
INSTRUMENTATION BUS
9
Introduction, Modem standards, Basic requirements of Instrument Bus standards, Bus
communication, interrupt and data handshaking , Interoperability, interchangeability for RS232, USB, RS-422, RS-485.
UNIT IV
VIRTUAL INSTRUMENTATION
9
Block diagram and Architecture Data flow techniques Graphical programming using GUI
Real time Embedded system Intelligent controller Software and hardware simulation of I/O
communication blocks-peripheral interface ADC/DAC Digital I/O Counter , Timer.
UNIT V
CASE STUDIES
9
PC based DAS, Data loggers, PC based industrial process measurements like flow,
temperature, pressure and level development system, CRT interface and controller with
monochrome and colour video display.
TOTAL : 45 PERIODS
17
REFERENCES:
1.
2.
3.
4.
ET7002
LTPC
300 3
OBJECTIVES
To expose the students to the fundamentals of interaction of OS with a computer
and User computation.
To teach the fundamental concepts of how process are created and controlled
with OS.
To study on programming logic of modeling Process based on range of OS
features
To compare types and Functionalities in commercial OS
To discuss the application development using RTOS
UNIT I
REVIEW OF OPERATING SYSTEMS
15
Basic Principles - Operating System structures System Calls Files Processes Design
and Implementation of processes Communication between processes Introduction to
Distributed operating system issues in distributed system:states,events,clocks-Distributed
scheduling-Fault &recovery.
UNIT II
OVERVIEW OF RTOS
9
RTOS Task and Task state Multithreaded Premptive scheduler- Process SynchronisationMessage queues Mail boxes -pipes Critical section Semaphores Classical
synchronisation problem Deadlocks
UNIT III REAL TIME MODELS AND LANGUAGES
6
Event Based Process Based and Graph based Models Real Time Languages RTOS
Tasks RT scheduling - Interrupt processing Synchronization Control Blocks Memory
Requirements.
UNIT IV REAL TIME KERNEL
6
Principles Design issues Polled Loop Systems RTOS Porting to a Target Comparison
and Basic study of various RTOS like VX works Linux supportive RTOS C Executive.
18
ET7016
LTPC
30 03
OBJECTIVES
To expose the students to the fundamentals of interaction of OS with a computer and
User computation.
To teach the fundamental Parallel Processing.
To study on networking for memory
To compare types and Functionalities in commercial OS
To discuss the parallel models development using software
UNIT I THEORY OF PARALLELISM
9
Parallel Computer models the state of computing, Multiprocessors and Multicomputers and
Multivectors and SIMD computers, PRAM and VLSI models, Architectural development tracks,
Program and network properties Conditions of parallelism.
UNIT II PARTITIONING AND SCHEDULING
9
Program partitioning and scheduling, Program flow mechanisms, System interconnect
architectures, Principles of scalable performance performance matrices and measures,
Parallel processing applications, speedup performance laws, scalability analysis and
approaches.
UNIT III HARDWARE TECHNOLGIES
9
Processor and memory hierarchy advanced processor technology, superscalar and vector
processors, memory hierarchy technology, virtual memory technology, bus cache and shared
19
memory backplane bus systems, cache memory organizations, shared memory organizations,
sequential and weak consistency models.
UNIT IV PIPELINING AND SUPERSCALAR TECHNOLOGIES
9
Parallel and scalable architectures, Multiprocessor and Multicomputers, Multivector and SIMD
computers, Scalable, Multithreaded and data flow architectures.
UNIT V SOFTWARE AND PARALLEL PROCESSING
9
Parallel models, Languages and compilers, Parallel program development and environments,
UNIX, MACH and OSF/1 for parallel computers.
TOTAL : 45 PERIODS
REFERENCES:
1. Kai Hwang Advanced Computer Architecture. McGraw Hill International 2001.
2. Dezso Sima, Terence Fountain, Peter Kacsuk, Advanced computer Architecture A design
Space Approach. Pearson Education,2003.
3. Carl Homacher, Zvonko Vranesic, Sefwat Zaky, Computer Organisation, 5th Edition, TMH,
2002.
4. David E. Culler, Jaswinder Pal Singh with Anoop Gupta Parallel Computer Architecture
,Elsevier, 2004.
5. John P. Shen. Modern processor design Fundamentals of super scalar processors, Tata
McGraw Hill 2003.
6. Sajjan G. Shiva Advanced Computer Architecture, Taylor & Francis, 2008.
7. V.Rajaraman, C.Siva Ram Murthy, Parallel Computers- Architecture and Programming,
Prentice Hall India, 2008.
8. John L. Hennessy, David A. Petterson, Computer Architecture: A Quantitative Approach,
4th Edition, Elsevier, 2007.
9. Harry F. Jordan Gita Alaghaband, Fundamentals of Parallel Processing. Pearson
Education, 2003.
10. Richard Y. Kain, Advanced computer architecture A system Design Approach, PHI,
2003.
20
ET7003
LTPC
3 003
OBJECTIVES
To expose the students to the fundamentals of Embedded System Blocks
To teach the fundamental RTOS.
To study on interfacing for processor communication
To compare types and Functionalities in commercial software tools
To discuss the Applications development using interfacing
UNIT I
Introduction to RTOS; RTOS- Inter Process communication, Interrupt driven Input and Output Nonmaskable interrupt, Software interrupt; Thread Single, Multithread concept; Multitasking
Semaphores.
UNIT III INTERFACE WITH COMMUNICATION PROTOCOL
9
Design methodologies and tools design flows designing hardware and software Interface .
system integration; SPI, High speed data acquisition and interface-SPI read/write protocol, RTC
interfacing and programming;
UNIT IV
DESIGN OF SOFTWARE FOR EMBEDDED CONTROL
9
Software abstraction using Mealy-Moore FSM controller, Layered software development, Basic
concepts of developing device driver SCI Software - interfacing & porting using standard C
& C++ ; Functional and performance Debugging with benchmarking Real-time system software
Survey on basics of contemporary RTOS VXWorks, UC/OS-II
UNIT V
CASE STUDIES WITH EMBEDDED CONTROLLER
9
Programmable interface with A/D & D/A interface; Digital voltmeter, control- Robot system; PWM motor speed controller, serial communication interface.
TOTAL : 45 PERIODS
REFERENCES:
1. Steven F. Barrett, Daniel J. Pack, Embedded Systems Design and Applications with the
68HC 12 and HCS12, Pearson Education, 2008.
2. Raj Kamal, Embedded Systems- Architecture, Programming and Design Tata McGraw Hill,
2006.
3. Micheal Khevi, The M68HC11 Microcontroller application in control,Instrumentation &
Communication, PH NewJersy, 1997.
4. Chattopadhyay, Embedded System Design,PHI Learning, 2011.
21
5. Muhammad Ali Mazidi, Rolin D. Mckinlay, Danny Causey, PIC Microcontroller and
Embedded Systems- Using Assembly and C for PIC18, Pearson Education,2008.
6. Steven F.Barrett,Daniel J.Pack,Embedded Systems-Design & Application with the 68HC12
& HCS12, Pearson Education,2008.
7. Daniel W. Lewis, Fundamentals of Embedded Software, Prentice Hall India, 2004.
8. Jack R Smith Programming the PIC microcontroller with MBasic Elsevier, 2007.
Keneth J.Ayala, The 8086 Microprocessor: Programming & Interfacing the PC, Thomson
India edition,
ET7004
LTPC
3003
OBJECTIVES
UNIT I
VHDL FUNDAMENTALS
9
Fundamental concepts- Modeling digital system-Domain and levels of modeling-modeling
languages-VHDL modeling concepts-Scalar Data types and operations- constants and VariableScalar Types- Type Classification-Attributes and scalar types-expression and operatorsSequential statements.
UNIT II
DATA TYPES AND BASIC MODELING CONSTRUCTS
9
Arrays- unconstrained array types-array operations and referencing- records - Access TypesAbstract Date types- -basic modeling constructs-entity declarations-Architecture bodiesbehavioral description-structural descriptions- design Processing, case study: A pipelined
Multiplier accumulator.
UNIT III
SUBPROGRAMS , PACKAGES AND FILES
9
Procedures-Procedure parameters- Concurrent procedure call statements Functions
Overloading visibility of Declarations-packages and use clauses- Package declarationspackage bodies-use clauses-Predefined aliases-Aliases for Data objects-Aliases for Non-Data
items-Files- I/O-Files. Case study: A bit vector arithmetic Package.
UNIT IV SIGNALS, COMPONENTS, CONFIGURATIONS.
9
Basic Resolved Signals-IEEE std_Logic_1164 resolved subtypes- resolved Signal Parameters Generic Constants- Parameterizing behavior- Parameterizing structure-components and
configurations-Generate Statements-Generating Iterative structure-Conditionally generating
structure-Configuration of generate statements-case study: DLX computer Systems.
22
UNIT V
DESIGN WITH PROGRAMMABLE LOGIC DEVICES
9
Realization of -Micro controller CPU.- Memories- I/O devices-MAC-Design,synthesis,simulation
and testing.
TOTAL : 45 PERIODS
REFERENCES
1. Peter J.Ashenden, The Designers guide to VHDL, Morgan Kaufmann publishers,San
Francisco,Second Edition, May 2001.
2. Zainalabedin navabi, VHDL Analysis ans modeling of Digital Systems, McGraw Hill
international Editions, Second Editions, 1998.
3. Charles H Roth, Jr. Digital system Design using VHDL, Thomson ,2006.
4. Douglas Perry, VHDL Programming by Example, Tata McGraw Hill,4th Edition 2002.
5. Navabi.Z., VHDL Analysis and Modeling of Digital Systems, McGraw International, 1998.
6. Peter J Ashendem, The Designers Guide to VHDL, Harcourt India Pvt Ltd, 2002
7. Skahill. K, VHDL for Programmable Logic, Pearson education, 1996.
ET7005
ADHOC NETWORKS
LTPC
300 3
OBJECTIVES
To expose the students to the fundamentals of wireless communication technologies.
To teach the fundamentals of wireless network routing protocols
To study on wireless issues in network layers topologies
To introduce energy management in network routing protocols
To study the basis of performance metrics for N/W communication technologies
UNIT I
23
UNIT III
Transport layer Protocol: Design issues, goals and classification, TCP over AdHoc wireless
Networks, Security, Security requirements, Issues and challenges in security provisioning,
Network security attacks, Security routing.
Quality of Service: Issues and challenges in providing QoS, Classification of QoS solutions,
MAC layer solutions, Network layer solutions, QoS frameworks.
UNIT IV
ENERGY MANAGEMENT
9
Need, classification of battery management schemes, Transmission power management
schemes, System power management schemes.
Wireless Sensor Networks: Architecture, Data dissemination, Date gathering, MAC protocols,
location discovery, Quality of a sensor network.
UNIT V
PERFORMANCE ANALYSIS
9
ABR beaconing, Performance parameters, Route-discovery time, End-to-end delay
performance, Communication throughput performance, Packet loss performance, Route
reconfiguration/repair time, TCP/IP based applications.
TOTAL : 45 PERIODS
REFERENCES
1. C. Siva Ram Murthy and B.S. Manoj, AdHoc Wireless Networks: Architectures and
protocols, Prentice Hall PTR, 2004
2. C.-K.Toh, AdHoc Mobile Wireless Networks: Protocols and Systems, Prentice Hall PTR,
2001
3. Mohammad Ilyas, The Handbook of AdHoc Wireless Networks, CRC press, 2002
4. Charles E. Perkins, AdHoc Networking, Addison Wesley, 2000
5. Stefano Basagni, Marco Conti, Silvia Giordano and Ivan Stojmenovic, Mobile AdHoc
Networking, Wiley IEEE press, 2004.
ET7006
LTPC
300 3
OBJECTIVES
To expose the students to the fundamentals of digital signal processing in frequency
domain& its application
To teach the fundamentals of digital signal processing in time-frequency domain& its
application
To compare Architectures & features of Programmable DSprocessors
To discuss on Application development with commercial family of DS Processors
To design & develop logical functions of DSProcessors with Re-Programmable logics
&Devices
24
UNIT I
INTRODUCTION TO DIGITAL SIGNAL PROCESSING
12
Introduction, A Digital Signal-Processing System, The Sampling Process, Discrete Time
Sequences, Discrete Fourier Transform (DFT) and Fast Fourier Transform (FFT), Linear TimeInvariant Systems, Decimation and Interpolation, Digital Filters, FIR Filters, IIR Filters.
UNIT II WAVELET TRANSFORM
6
Introduction to continuous wavelet transform- discrete wavelet transform -orthogonal wavelet
decomposition- Multiresolution Analysis-Wavelet function-DWT,bases,orthogonal Basis-Scaling
function, Wavelet coefficients- ortho normal wavelets and their relationship to filter banks- Digital
filtering interpolation (i) Decomposition filters, (ii) reconstruction, the signal- Example MRA- Haar
& Daubechies wavelet.
UNIT III
12
Introduction, External Bus Interfacing Signals, Memory Interface, Parallel I/O Interface,
Programmed I/O, Interrupts and I / O Direct Memory Access (DMA).-Introduction, Design of
Decimation and Interpolation Filter, FFT Algorithm, PID Controller ,Application for Serial
Interfacing, DSP based Power Meter, Position control , CODEC Interface .
UNIT V
VLSI IMPLEMENTATION
9
Low power Design-need for Low power VLSI chips-Basics of DSP system architecture design
using VHDL programming, Mapping of DSP algorithm onto hardware, Realisation of MAC &
Filter structure.
TOTAL : 45 PERIODS
REFERENCES:
1. John G. Proaks, Dimitris G. Manolakis, Digital Signal Processing, Pearson
Education 2002.
2. Avatar Sing, S. Srinivasan, Digital Signal Processing- Implementation using
DSP Microprocessors with Examples from TMS320C54xx, Thomson India,2004.
3. Lars Wanhammer, DSP Integrated Circuits, Academic press, 1999,NewYork.
4. Lyla B Das, Embedded Systems-An Integrated Approach,Pearson2013
5. Ashok Ambardar,Digital Signal Processing: A Modern Introduction,Thomson
India edition, 2007.
6. Raghuveer M.Rao and Ajit S. Bapardikar, Wavelet transforms- Introduction to theory and
applications, Pearson Education, 2000.
7. K.P. Soman and K.L. Ramchandran,Insight into WAVELETS from theory to practice,
Eastern Economy Edition, 2008
8. Ifeachor E. C., Jervis B. W ,Digital Signal Processing: A practical approach, PearsonEducation, PHI/ 2002
9. B Venkataramani and M Bhaskar Digital Signal Processors, TMH, 2nd, 2010
10. Peter Pirsch Architectures for Digital Signal Processing, John Weily, 2007
25
CL7204
LTPC
3 003
OBJECTIVES
UNIT I
Introduction of soft computing - soft computing vs. hard computing- various types of soft
computing techniques- applications of soft computing-Neuron- Nerve structure and synapseArtificial Neuron and its model- activation functions- Neural network architecture- single layer
and multilayer feed forward networks- McCullochPitts neuron model- perceptron model- Adaline
and Madaline- multilayer perception model- back propogation learning methods- effect of
learning rule coefficient -back propagation algorithm- factors affecting back propagation trainingapplications.
UNIT II
Introduction to crisp sets and fuzzy sets- basic fuzzy set operation and approximate reasoning.
Introduction to fuzzy logic modeling and control- Fuzzification- inferencingand defuzzificationFuzzy knowledge and rule bases-Fuzzy modeling and control schemes for nonlinear systems.
Self organizing fuzzy logic control- Fuzzy logic control for nonlinear time delay system.
UNIT IV
GENETIC ALGORITHM
Basic concept of Genetic algorithm and detail algorithmic steps-adjustment of free ParametersSolution of typical control problems using genetic algorithm- Concept on some other search
techniques like tabu search and ant colony search techniques for solving optimization problems.
26
UNIT V
APPLICATIONS
GA application to power system optimization problem- Case studies: Identification and control of
linear and nonlinear dynamic systems using Matlab-Neural Network toolbox. Stability analysis
of Neural Network interconnection systems- Implementation of fuzzy logic controller using
Matlab fuzzy logic toolbox-Stability analysis of fuzzy control systems.
TOTAL : 45 PERIODS
REFERENCES
1.. Laurene V. Fausett, Fundamentals of Neural Networks: Architectures, Algorithms And
Applications, Pearson Education,
2. Timothy J. Ross, Fuzzy Logic with Engineering Applications Wiley India.
3. Zimmermann H.J. "Fuzzy set theoryand its Applications" Springer international edition,
2011.
4. David E.Goldberg, Genetic Algorithms in Search, Optimization, and Machine Learning,
Pearson Education, 2009.
5. W.T.Miller, R.S.Sutton and P.J.Webrose, Neural Networks for Control, MIT Press, 1996.
ET7007
LTPC
3003
OBJECTIVES
To teach the architecture of 8 bit RISC processor
To teach the architecture and programming of 16 bit RISC processor
To teach the implementation of DSP in ARM processor
To discuss on memeroy management in RISC processor
To teach the application development with ARM processor
UNIT I
AVR MICROCONTROLLER ARCHITECTURE
9
Architecture memory organization addressing modes I/O Memory EEPROM I/O Ports
SRAM Timer UART Interrupt Structure- Serial Communication with PC ADC/DAC
Interfacing.
UNIT II
ARM ARCHITECTURE AND PROGRAMMING
`
9
Arcon RISC Machine Architectural Inheritance Core & Architectures -- The ARM
Programmers model -Registers Pipeline - Interrupts ARM organization - ARM processor
family Co-processors. Instruction set Thumb instruction set Instruction cycle timings
UNIT III
ARM APPLICATION DEVELOPMENT
9
Introduction to DSP on ARM FIR Filter IIR Filter Discrete Fourier transform Exception
Handling Interrupts Interrupt handling schemes- Firmware and bootloader Example:
Standalone - Embedded Operating Systems Fundamental Components - Example Simple
little Operating System
27
UNIT IV
MEMORY PROTECTION AND MANAGEMENT
9
Protected Regions-Initializing MPU, Cache and Write Buffer-MPU to MMU-Virtual Memory-Page
Tables-TLB-Domain and Memory Access Permission-Fast Context Switch Extension.
UNIT V
DESIGN WITH ARM MICROCONTROLLERS
9
Assembler Rules and Directives- Simple ASM/C programs- Hamming Code- Division-NegationSimple Loops Look up table- Block copy- subroutines.
TOTAL : 45 PERIODS
REFERENCES
1. Steve Furber, ARM system on chip architecture, Addision Wesley
2. Andrew N. Sloss, Dominic Symes, Chris Wright, John Rayfield ARM System
Developers Guide Designing and Optimizing System Software, Elsevier 2007.
3. Trevor Martin, The Insider's Guide To The Philips ARM7-Based Microcontrollers,
An Engineer's Introduction To The LPC2100 Series Hitex (UK) Ltd.,
4. Dananjay V. Gadre Programming and Customizing the AVR microcontroller,
McGraw Hill 2001
5. William Hohl, ARM Assebly Language Fundamentals and Techniques.
5. ARM Architecture Reference Manual
6. LPC213x User Manual
7. R. Barnett , L. O CULL and S. Cox Embedded C Programming and Atmel AVR, Delmar
Cengage Learning, India Edition , 2009.
ET7008
LTPC
300 3
OBJECTIVES
UNIT I
INTRODUCTION TO EMBEDDED HARDWARE AND SOFTWARE
9
Terminology Gates Timing diagram Memory Microprocessor buses Direct memory
access Interrupts Built interrupts Interrupts basis Shared data problems Interrupt
latency - Embedded system evolution trends Interrupt routines in an RTOS environment .
UNIT II SYSTEM MODELLING WITH HARDWARE/SOFTWARE PARTITIONING
9
Embedded systems, Hardware/Software Co-Design, Co-Design for System Specification and
modelling- Single-processor Architectures&,Multi-ProcessorArchitectures, comparison of CoDesign Approaches, Models of Computation, Requirements for Embedded System
Specification, Hardware/Software Partitioning Problem, Hardware/Software Cost Estimation,
Generation of Partitioning by Graphical modelling, Formulation of the HW/SW scheduling,
Optimization.
28
29
ET7009
LT P C
3003
OBJECTIVES
To expose the students to the fundamentals of wireless sensor
technology
30
REFERENCES
1. Debashis saha, Amitava mukherjee ,Networking Infrastructure for Pervasive
Computing, Springer International edition, 2011 (unit 3)
2. Mullet,Introduction to wireless telecommunications systems and networks", cengage
learning, 2010 (unit 5)
3. Frank Adelstein, Sandeep K S Gupta, Golden G Richard III, Loren Schwiebert,
Fundamentals of mobile and pervasive computing, TMH, 2007.
4. Brian Fling,Mobile Design & Development,OReilly,2011 (unit 4)
5. Marko Gargenta,Learning Android, OReilly,2011 (unit 4)
6. Holger Karl & Andreas Willig, Protocols and Architectures for Wireless Sensor
Networks" , John Wiley, 2005.
7. Feng Zhao & Leonidas J. Guibas, Wireless Sensor Networks- An Information
Processing Approach", Elsevier, 2007.
8. Kazem Sohraby, Daniel Minoli and Taieb Znati, Wireless Sensor Networks
Technology, Protocols, and Applications, John Wiley & Sons, 2007.
9. C.Britton Rorabaugh,Simulating Wireless Communication Systems-Practical Models in
C++,Pearson Edu,2006.
10. Mohammad Ilyas And Imad Mahgaob,Handbook Of Sensor Networks: Compact
Wireless And Wired Sensing Systems, CRC Press,2005
11. K. Akkaya and M. Younis, A survey of routing protocols in wireless sensor networks,
Elsevier Ad Hoc Network Journal, Vol. 3, no. 3, pp. 325--349, 2005.
12. Philip Levis, TinyOS Programming,2006 www.tinyos.net
13. Anna Hac, Wireless Sensor Network Designs, John Wiley & Sons Ltd, 2003.
ET7010
LTPC
3003
OBJECTIVES
To expose the students to the fundamentals of data security.
To teach the fundamentals of mathematical aspects in creating Encryption keys
To teach the fundamentals of Security in data communication.
To teach the fundamentals of Secured system operation.
To teach the fundamentals of Security in wireless communication.
UNIT I
SYMMETRIC CIPHERS
9
Overview classical Encryption Techniques Block Ciphers and the Data Encryption
standard Introduction to Finite Fields Advanced Encryption standard Contemporary
Symmetric Ciphers Confidentiality using Symmetric Encryption.
UNIT II PUBLIC-KEY ENCRYPTION AND HASH FUNCTIONS
9
Introduction to Number Theory Public-Key Cryptography and RSA Key Management
Diffie-Hellman Key Exchange Elliptic Curve Cryptography Message Authentication and
Hash Functions Hash Algorithms Digital Signatures and Authentication Protocols.
UNIT III NETWORK SECURITY PRACTICE
9
Authentication Applications Kerberos X.509 Authentication Service Electronic mail
31
ET7011
LTPC
300 3
32
UNIT III
SMART GRID AND APPLICATIONS
9
Outage Management System, Plug in Hybrid Electric Vehicles, Vehicle to Grid, Home and
Building Automation- Smart Substations, Substation Automation, Feeder AutomationGeographic Information System(GIS), Intelligent Electronic Devices and their application for
monitoring and protection- -Smart city- Wide Area Measurement System, Phase
Measurement Unit- Power Quality and EMC in Smart Grid, Power Quality issues of Grid
connected Renewable Energy Sources, Power Quality Conditioners for Smart Grid, Web
based Power Quality monitoring and Power Quality Audit.
UNIT IV
MICROGRIDS
9
Concept of microgrid, need and applications of microgrid, formation of microgrid, Issues of
interconnection, protection and control of microgrid. Plastic and Organic solar cells, Thin
film solar cells, Variable speed wind generators, fuelcells, microturbines, Captive power
plants, Integration of renewable energy sources.
UNIT V
33
ET7012
LTPC
3003
ET7013
LTPC
30 03
communication
UNIT I
THE HARDWARE INFRASTRUCTURE
9
Broad Band Transmission facilities Open Interconnection standards Local Area
Networks Wide Area Networks Network management Network Security Cluster
computers.
UNIT II
INTERNET CONCEPTS
9
Capabilities and limitations of the internet Interfacing Internet server applications to
corporate databases HTML and XML Web page design and the use of active components.
UNIT III
DISTRIBUTED COMPUTING USING JAVA
9
IO streaming Object serialization Networking Threading RMI multicasting
distributed databases embedded java concepts case studies.
UNIT IV
EMBEDDED AGENT
9
Introduction to the embedded agents Embedded agent design criteria Behaviour based,
Functionality based embedded agents Agent co-ordination mechanisms and benchmarks
embedded-agent. Case study: Mobile robots.
UNIT V
EMBEDDED COMPUTING ARCHITECTURE
9
Synthesis of the information technologies of distributed embedded systems analog/digital
co-design optimizing functional distribution in complex system design validation and
fast prototyping of multiprocessor system-on-chip a new dynamic scheduling algorithm for
real-time multiprocessor systems.
TOTAL : 45 PERIODS
REFERENCES:
1. Dietel & Dietel, JAVA how to program, Prentice Hall 1999.
2. Sape Mullender, Distributed Systems, Addison-Wesley, 1993.
35
CL7004
LTPC
3003
OBJECTIVES
To introduce robot terminologies and robotic sensors
To educate direct and inverse kinematic relations
To educate on formulation of manipulator Jacobians and introduce path planning
techniques
To educate on robot dynamics
To introduce robot control techniques
UNIT I
INTRODUCTION AND TERMINOLOGIES:
9
Definition-Classification-History- Robots components-Degrees of freedom-Robot jointscoordinates- Reference frames-workspace-Robot languages-actuators-sensors- Position,
velocity and acceleration sensors-Torque sensors-tactile and touch sensors-proximity and
range sensors- vision system-social issues
UNIT II
KINEMATICS
9
Mechanism-matrix representation-homogenous transformation-DH representation-Inverse
kinematics-solution and programming-degeneracy and dexterity
UNIT III
DIFFERENTIAL MOTION AND PATH PLANNING
9
Jacobian-differential motion of frames-Interpretation-calculation of Jacobian-Inverse
Jacobian- Robot Path planning
UNIT IV
DYNAMIC MODELLING
9
Lagrangian mechanics- Two-DOF manipulator- Lagrange-Euler formulation Newton-Euler
formulation Inverse dynamics
UNIT V
ROBOT CONTROL SYSTEM
9
Linear control schemes- joint actuators- decentralized PID control- computed torque
control force control- hybrid position force control- Impedance/ Torque control.
TOTAL : 45 PERIODS
REFERENCES
1. R.K. Mittal and I J Nagrath, Robotics and Control, Tata MacGrawHill, Fourth Reprint
2003.
2. Saeed B. Niku ,''Introduction to Robotics '', Pearson Education, 2002
3. Fu, Gonzalez and Lee Mcgrahill ,''Robotics ", international
4. R.D. Klafter, TA Chmielewski and Michael Negin, "Robotic Engineering, An Integrated
approach", Prentice Hall of India, 2003.
5. Reza N.Jazar, Theory of Applied Robotics Kinematics, Dynamics and Control, Springer,
Fist Indian Reprint 2010.
36
ET7014
LT P C
3003
OBJECTIVES
To teach the students properties of materials, microstructure and fabrication
methods.
To teach the design and modeling of Electrostatic sensors and actuators.
To teach the characterizing thermal sensors and actuators through design and
modeling
To teach the fundamentals of piezoelectric sensors and actuators
To give exposure to different MEMS and NEMS devices.
UNIT I
Micro
fluidics
applications,
9
Medical
TOTAL : 45 PERIODS
REFERENCES
1. Chang Liu, Foundations of MEMS, Pearson International Edition, 2006.
2. Marc Madou , Fundamentals of microfabrication,CRC Press, 1997.
3. Boston , Micromachined Transducers Sourcebook,WCB McGraw Hill, 1998.
4. M.H.Bao Micromechanical transducers :Pressure sensors, accelerometers and
gyroscopes, Elsevier, Newyork, 2000.
5. P. RaiChoudry MEMS and MOEMS Technology and Applications, PHI, 2012.
6. Stephen D. Senturia, Microsystem Design, Springer International Edition, 2011.
37
ET7015
LT P C
3003
38