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    Mark Scheme 2015 Jan 1

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    of 22

    Mark Scheme (Results)

    January 2015
    Pearson Edexcel International GCSE
    in Biology (4BI0) Paper 1B
    Pearson Edexcel Certificate GCSE
    in Biology (KBI0) Paper 1B

    Edexcel and BTEC Qualifications


    Edexcel and BTEC qualifications come from Pearson, the worlds leading learning
    company. We provide a wide range of qualifications including academic,
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    information, please visit our website at www.edexcel.com.
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    from our subject advisors giving you access to a portal of information. If you
    have any subject specific questions about this specification that require the help
    of a subject specialist, you may find our Ask The Expert email service helpful.

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    Pearson aspires to be the worlds leading learning company. Our aim is to help
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    about how we can help you and your students at: www.pearson.com/uk

    January 2015
    Publications CodeUG04039
    All the material in this publication is copyright
    Pearson Education Ltd 2015

    General Marking Guidance

    All candidates must receive the same treatment. Examiners must


    mark the first candidate in exactly the same way as they mark the last.
    Mark schemes should be applied positively. Candidates must be
    rewarded for what they have shown they can do rather than penalised
    for omissions.
    Examiners should mark according to the mark scheme not according to
    their perception of where the grade boundaries may lie.
    There is no ceiling on achievement. All marks on the mark scheme
    should be used appropriately.
    All the marks on the mark scheme are designed to be awarded.
    Examiners should always award full marks if deserved, i.e. if the
    answer matches the mark scheme. Examiners should also be prepared
    to award zero marks if the candidates response is not worthy of credit
    according to the mark scheme.
    Where some judgement is required, mark schemes will provide the
    principles by which marks will be awarded and exemplification may be
    limited.
    When examiners are in doubt regarding the application of the mark
    scheme to a candidates response, the team leader must be consulted.
    Crossed out work should be marked UNLESS the candidate has
    replaced it with an alternative response.

    Question number

    Answer

    Notes

    1 (a)

    Marks
    5

    Effect

    Name of
    hormone

    Source

    converts
    glucose to
    glycogen

    (insulin)

    (pancreas)

    stimulates
    male
    testosterone;
    secondary
    sexual
    characteristics
    increases
    permeability
    of the
    collecting
    duct

    repairs uterus
    lining

    (testis)

    ADH;

    hypothalamus
    / pituitary;

    oestrogen;

    ovary;

    Allow reasonable
    spellings

    Question number
    (b)

    Answer
    1. soluble / dissolves;

    Notes
    Ignore small

    Marks
    2

    2. osmotic effect / eq;


    (c)

    X;

    1
    Total 8 marks

    Question
    number
    2 (a)
    (b)

    Answer
    easier to see / no need to stain / contrast /
    cytoplasm is red / eq;
    (i)

    1. movement of water;
    2. from dilute to more concentrated solution /
    eq;

    Notes

    Marks
    1

    3. through partially permeable membrane /


    eq;
    (ii)

    (in distilled water)

    1. water into cells;


    2. outside solution/distilled water more dilute
    / down concentration gradient / eq;
    3. cell membrane against cell wall / eq;
    4. turgid;
    (allow converse in salt solution for each
    point)
    1. water leaves cell;
    2. outside solution/distilled water less
    concentrated / eq;
    3. cell membrane shrinks away from cell wall
    /eq
    4. plasmolysed / flaccid;
    (c)

    1. water into red blood cell / eq;


    2. cells burst / haemolysis / eq;
    3. no cell wall;

    2
    Total 9 marks

    Question
    number
    3(a)
    (i)

    (b)

    Answer
    safety glasses / wear gloves ;

    Notes
    Ignore lab coat / tie
    hair back / eq

    Marks
    1

    (ii)

    11/ eleven;

    (i)

    remove starch / solution from surface of


    syringe / eq;

    Ignore get into


    syringe

    (ii)

    mix contents / mix amylase and starch / eq;

    Mix alone = 0
    Allow enzyme and
    starch

    (iii)

    keep at correct temperature /


    keep temperature constant / eq;

    Ignore fair test

    (c)

    (i)

    (ii)
    (d)

    1. volume / concentration of amylase;


    2. volume / concentration of starch;
    3. volume / concentration of iodine /
    drops of iodine;
    4. volume / concentration of mixture;

    Allow amount only


    once

    temperature;

    Ignore time

    1. 6 minutes / between 5 and 6 minutes / eq;

    Reject 6-7 mins

    2. iodine stays yellow / orange / brown /


    iodine stays same colour / colourless /
    not blue black;
    3. no starch present;
    4. digested/broken down ;

    Question
    number
    (e)(i)

    (ii)

    Answer

    Notes

    1. fewer wells with blue black colour /


    more wells yellow / orange / brown /
    colourless / eq;
    2. starch digested sooner / quicker /
    reaction completed sooner / eq;
    1. enzymes work faster at 400C /
    ref to optimum / eq;
    2. more (kinetic) energy /
    molecules move faster / eq;
    3. more collisions /
    more enzyme substrate complexes /eq;

    Marks
    2

    Ignore ref to denature

    Total 15 marks

    Question
    number
    44
    ( (a)
    (a)

    Answer
    1.
    2.
    3.
    4.
    5.

    Notes

    narrower lumen / eq;


    thicker wall;
    more muscle / stronger muscle / eq;
    more elastic;
    no valves;

    Ignore
    blood flow

    Marks
    2

    Allow
    converse

    (b)(i)

    4
    Name of blood vessel
    vena cava

    Letter
    L or N

    aorta

    C;

    pulmonary vein

    B;

    hepatic artery

    D;

    renal vein

    I;

    (b)(ii)

    Reject B
    and D and
    B or D

    3
    Contents of blood vessel

    Letter of
    blood vessel

    contains the most glucose after a meal

    J;

    contains the least urea

    I;

    contains the least oxygen

    M;
    Total 9
    marks

    Question
    number
    5

    Answer
    1. high humidity decreases rate;
    2. reduced concentration
    gradient / eq;
    3. high wind increases rate ;
    4. increased concentration
    gradient / eq;

    Notes
    One mark for
    condition and change
    in transpiration
    second mark for
    explanation of change

    Marks
    5

    Allow converse
    throughout

    5. high temperature increases rate ;


    6. more (kinetic) energy /
    more evaporation / eq;
    7. high light increases rate ;
    8. stomata open / eq;

    Total 5 marks

    Question
    number
    6
    (a)

    (b)

    (i)

    (ii)

    Answer

    Notes

    Marks

    1.
    2.
    3.
    4.

    lower production / fewer fruit / less growth / eq;


    (fewer) chloroplasts / less chlorophyll;
    (less) photosynthesis;
    (less) carbohydrate / glucose / starch;

    1.
    2.
    3.
    4.
    5.
    6.

    variation;
    mutation;
    rare / random:
    survive / not killed;
    reproduce / mates;
    pass on gene / allele / eq;

    inside leaf / not reach all parts / eq;

    4. Ignore resist
    6. Ignore
    characteristic
    1

    (c)

    biological;

    (d)

    1. no sperm / less reproduction / less breeding / eq;

    2. fewer eggs/females fertilised / fewer larvae;

    3. sterile male compete for resources / mates;

    Question
    number
    (e)

    Answer
    C

    plus pheromone/smell and minus


    pheromone/smell / traps in field / no traps / eq;

    same species of insect/males (trapped) /


    same species/size of crop / eq;

    several traps / repeat / many fields;

    M1

    count number trapped / measure damage /


    measure yield / eq;

    M2

    time period stated;

    S1 and S2

    same temperature / light / water /


    time of year / location/size of field /
    number of plants / size of trap / eq;;

    Notes

    Marks
    6

    Total 17 marks

    Question
    number
    7(a)

    Answer
    1. broken down / digested;

    Notes

    Marks

    Ignore eaten

    Earthworms in middle =1

    2. bacteria / fungi / microorganisms / saphrophytes / eq;


    (b)

    1. (dead) plants / humus then earthworms then birds;


    2. arrows correct;

    (c)

    (i)

    20;

    (ii)

    C;

    (iii)

    (yes) not enough repeats / may be anomalous / eq;

    Ignore not enough soil

    1
    Total 7 marks

    Question
    number

    Answer

    Notes

    8 (a)

    (b)

    Marks
    5

    Large food
    molecule

    Enzyme
    involved in
    digestion

    Small food
    molecule
    produced

    starch

    amylase

    glucose /
    maltose;

    protein;

    protease

    amino acids /
    polypeptides /
    peptides;

    lipid

    lipase;

    fatty acids /
    glycerol;

    1. large surface area / microvilli;


    2. thin / short diffusion distance / eq;

    Ignore simple sugars

    Ignore many villi / long


    villi

    3. blood / capillaries / eq;


    4. permeable;
    5. lacteal;
    Total 8 marks

    Question
    number
    9(a)

    Answer

    Notes

    1. water;
    2. minerals / ions / salts / named mineral ion / eq;

    Marks
    2

    Ignore nutrients
    Allow 2 marks for 2
    named minerals;

    (b)

    1. shape;

    Palisade cell labelled =


    max 4

    Then max 4 from:


    2. cell wall;
    3. cell membrane;
    4. cytoplasm;
    5. nucleus;
    6. vacuole;

    Total 7 marks

    Question
    number
    10(a) (i)
    (ii)
    (b)

    (c)

    Answer

    Notes

    Marks

    47;

    male;

    1. has more than 46 / has extra chromosome / trisomy;

    Ignore 47 alone

    2. (which is) sex chromosome / Y / eq;

    Has an extra sex


    chromosome =2

    (i)

    meiosis;

    (ii)

    1. failure of chromosomes to separate / eq;

    2. (gamete) has an extra chromosome / YY;


    3. normal egg/gamete fertilised by abnormal sperm/gamete;
    Total 7 marks

    Question number
    11(a)

    Answer
    P

    mm

    Mm;

    Mm

    mm;

    Ph

    Marfan / eq

    unaffected;

    Notes

    Marks
    4

    m;

    G. Clear separation of
    gametes
    Ph. Allow half Marfan and
    half unaffected even if
    not linked to genotypes
    Allow max from Punnett
    square
    Allow 3 max for TE
    Allow other symbols

    (b)

    (i)

    some people do not have obvious symptoms / some people with


    symtoms/long fingers/tall do not have condition / heart
    problems/eyesight problems may have other causes / eq;

    2
    (ii)

    1. look at parents / family history;


    2. genetic test / analyse DNA / eq;
    3. look for combination of symptoms / look for
    tall and eyesight / eq;

    3. Allow any 2 symptoms

    Question
    (c)

    Answer
    1. condition present in offspring but not in parents;

    Notes

    Marks
    3

    2. it skips generations / eq;


    3. carriers (present);
    Total 10 marks

    Question
    number
    12

    Answer
    environment;

    Notes

    Marks
    8

    population;
    community;
    quadrat;
    random / different;
    average / mean;
    reliability;
    anomalous / unusual / odd ;

    Total 8 marks

    Question
    number
    13(a)

    Answer

    Notes

    1. explants;

    Marks
    Max 5

    2. small pieces of tissue / small pieces of plant / eq;


    3. agar / jelly;
    4. contains nutrients / amino acids / glucose;
    5. plant hormones / named hormone / eq;
    6. minerals / named mineral;
    7. sterile;
    8. control light;
    9. control humidity;
    (b)

    1. quick / eq;

    Allow converse

    Max 2

    2. many produced;
    3. any time of year;
    4. no genetic variation / genetically identical / produce clones;
    Total 7 marks

    Question
    number

    Answer

    Notes

    14

    Marks
    3

    Structure

    Organism
    bacteria

    fungi

    viruses

    cell wall

    nucleus

    ()

    chloroplast

    If no X s and all in
    correct places allow Max
    2

    Total 3 marks

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    with its registered office at 80 Strand, London WC2R 0RL

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