Conceptual Framework
Conceptual Framework
Conceptual Framework
Dependent Variable
Independent Variable
Pain
Blood pressure
Heart rate
Ginger Therapy
Extraneous Variable
Gender
The study paradigm is presented in the above figure. The paradigm shows that the
independent variable, ginger therapy that has been assumed by the researcher to have an
effect on the pain, blood pressure, and heart rate of the patient as indicated by the arrow.
While, the extraneous variable such as the gender, # of years diagnosed with
osteoarthritis is also assumed to have influence on the effect of independent variable on
the dependent variable which is the pain, blood pressure, and heart rate.