Conceptual Framework

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Research Paradigm

Dependent Variable

Independent Variable

Pain
Blood pressure
Heart rate

Ginger Therapy

Extraneous Variable
Gender

# of years diagnosed with


osteoarthritis
Other therapeutic remedies done

The study paradigm is presented in the above figure. The paradigm shows that the
independent variable, ginger therapy that has been assumed by the researcher to have an
effect on the pain, blood pressure, and heart rate of the patient as indicated by the arrow.
While, the extraneous variable such as the gender, # of years diagnosed with
osteoarthritis is also assumed to have influence on the effect of independent variable on
the dependent variable which is the pain, blood pressure, and heart rate.

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