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    Age of Exploration Discovery and Expansion Guided Notes

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    The document summarizes the Age of Exploration between 1450-1650, when Europeans began expanding globally. Key motives for exploration included economic gain through trade of valuable goods like spices, as well as religious missionary goals to spread Christianity. Major figures discussed include Portuguese explorers like Vasco da Gama who established trade routes to India and Africa; Christopher Columbus, who reached the Americas while seeking a route to Asia; Ferdinand Magellan, who was the first to circumnavigate the globe; and improved technology like the caravel ship and compass that enabled exploration. The global impacts included the Columbian Exchange of plants, animals, diseases, and peoples between the connected hemispheres, transforming societies, economies, and global trade networks.

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    Age of Exploration Discovery and Expansion Guided Notes

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    api-249843697
    686 views4 pages
    The document summarizes the Age of Exploration between 1450-1650, when Europeans began expanding globally. Key motives for exploration included economic gain through trade of valuable goods like spices, as well as religious missionary goals to spread Christianity. Major figures discussed include Portuguese explorers like Vasco da Gama who established trade routes to India and Africa; Christopher Columbus, who reached the Americas while seeking a route to Asia; Ferdinand Magellan, who was the first to circumnavigate the globe; and improved technology like the caravel ship and compass that enabled exploration. The global impacts included the Columbian Exchange of plants, animals, diseases, and peoples between the connected hemispheres, transforming societies, economies, and global trade networks.

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    The document summarizes the Age of Exploration between 1450-1650, when Europeans began expanding globally. Key motives for exploration included economic gain through trade of valuable goods like spices, as well as religious missionary goals to spread Christianity. Major figures discussed include Portuguese explorers like Vasco da Gama who established trade routes to India and Africa; Christopher Columbus, who reached the Americas while seeking a route to Asia; Ferdinand Magellan, who was the first to circumnavigate the globe; and improved technology like the caravel ship and compass that enabled exploration. The global impacts included the Columbian Exchange of plants, animals, diseases, and peoples between the connected hemispheres, transforming societies, economies, and global trade networks.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as docx, pdf, or txt
    686 views4 pages

    Age of Exploration Discovery and Expansion Guided Notes

    Uploaded by

    api-249843697
    The document summarizes the Age of Exploration between 1450-1650, when Europeans began expanding globally. Key motives for exploration included economic gain through trade of valuable goods like spices, as well as religious missionary goals to spread Christianity. Major figures discussed include Portuguese explorers like Vasco da Gama who established trade routes to India and Africa; Christopher Columbus, who reached the Americas while seeking a route to Asia; Ferdinand Magellan, who was the first to circumnavigate the globe; and improved technology like the caravel ship and compass that enabled exploration. The global impacts included the Columbian Exchange of plants, animals, diseases, and peoples between the connected hemispheres, transforming societies, economies, and global trade networks.

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    © All Rights Reserved
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    of 4

    Age of Exploration, Discovery, and Expansion Guided Notes

    I.

    Motives and Means


    The dynamic energy of Western civilization between ______ and _______ was
    most apparent when Europeans began to expand into the rest of the world.
    ________________ motives loom large in European expansion.
    Europeans hoped for _______________ and precious ______________.
    Another reason for the overseas voyages: ________________ zeal. Many
    shared the belief of Hernan Cortes that the natives be introduced to the
    _______________ faith.
    They wanted to convert the natives to Christianity, but __________,
    ____________, and a spirit of ___________________ also played a major
    role.
    _____________, _____________, and _____________ were the chief
    motives for expansion.
    II.
    The Portuguese Trading Empire
    ________________ took the lead in European exploration.
    Beginning in _________, Portuguese fleets began probing southward along the
    western coast of ________________.
    There they discovered _____________.
    III.
    Vasco da Gama (1460 1524)
    In ______, Vasco da Gama went around the Cape of ______ Hope and cut
    across the _____________ Ocean to the coast of _____________.
    There he took on a cargo of _____________ which he sold in Portugal for a
    profit of several ___________________ percent.
    His arrival spelled the end of independence for the ____________ cities and
    led to their economic decline.
    IV.
    Voyages to the Americas
    The Portuguese sailed ___________ through the Indian Ocean to reach the
    spice trade, while the __________________ sailed westward through the
    __________________ Ocean.
    V. Christopher Columbus (1451 1506)
    An ____________, but sailed for King Ferdinand and Queen Isabella of
    __________.
    October 1492, he reached the ____________, where he explored the coastline
    of ___________ and the island of Hispaniola.
    Believed he had reached ___________, when actually he reached all the major
    islands of the _________________ and Honduras in Central America- all of
    which he called the Indies. (Over four journeys)
    By trade, Columbus was a ______________.

    Very knowledgeable of the sea


    Deeply religious
    Firmly believed he had reached small islands off the coast of Japan.
    VI. Ferdinand Magellan (1480 1521)
    __________________ explorer
    Set sail ______________________ with a crew of 250 ___________ men
    November __________, Magellan passed through a strait, later named the
    Strait of _______________ and emerged in the Pacific Ocean which he called
    the Pacific ________.
    Killed in the Philippines by the native peoples.
    Remembered as the __________ person to ________________________.
    The Philippines became a major trade base for trade across
    _______________.
    VII. James Cook (1728 1779)
    English ____________, navigator, and captain of the HMS _____________.
    April ______ dropped anchor ten miles south of _______________,
    Australia.
    August 21, formally claimed the land for King _____________ III.
    Cook called the land _______ __________ Wales.
    In accepting possession, the British crown completely ignored the native people.
    The British established a penal colony in ________ in Australia.
    VIII. Samuel de Champlain (1567 1635)
    Sailed down the St. ________________________ River
    In 1608, he founded _______________, the first permanent ____________
    settlement in the Americas.
    Meanwhile, the _____________ were founding Virginia.
    IX. Zheng He (1371 1433)
    The greatest Chinese navigator
    Sent on a series of naval voyages into the ____________ Ocean that sailed as
    far west to the eastern coast of __________________.
    A ____________ official
    _____________ voyages between 1405 and 1433.
    The largest ship was over ___________ feet long. Columbus Santa Anna was
    only 75 feet long!
    Visited the Western coast of ___________ and the city states of East Africa.
    Returned with items unknown in China, such as ______________ ,that were
    placed in the Imperial Zoo.
    Voyages led to enormous profits but were halted after Emperor Yong Les death,
    never to be revived.

    X. Role of Conquistadors & Explorers


    Conquistadors - _______________ conquerors
    Establish ______________ posts
    Establish colonies
    Bring back natural resources their country needs and does not naturally produce
    Spread their religion to the natives
    XI. Columbian Exchange
    The Age of ________________ led to the migration of peoples, which in turn
    led to the exchange of __________ and flora animals, plants, and diseases, a
    complex process known as the _________________ Exchange.
    Europeans brought goods such as
    o Wheat
    o Sheep
    o _________________
    o Cattle
    o Olives
    o _________________
    o _________________
    o Pigs
    o Rice
    o _________________
    o Bananas
    o Goats
    o Horses
    Spanish and Portuguese returned to Europe with __________ (corn), white
    potatoes, __________, squash, _____________, avocados, and tomatoes.
    Many things came unintentionally such as immigrant grasses and diseases
    including ______________, typhus, ___________, and syphilis.
    XII. Global and Cultural Impact of the Columbian Exchange
    Transformed economic activity
    ________________________
    Spread of religions
    Destruction of native ___________________
    Spread of plants and _____________
    Improved ____________ of Asian, African, and European peoples
    Spread of _____________ and other diseases along with new ___________
    of war and ______________ exploitation, causing a massive population
    ______________ among native peoples.
    XIII. Role of Improved Technology
    In the 15th century, the Portuguese invented the _____________, a small, light
    3 masted sailing ship that was more _________________, could carry heavy
    ________________, and more goods than previous ships.
    Magnetic _____________ allowed sailors to determine their position.
    Gunpowder, compass, and sternmost rudder were all ________________
    inventions!

    The lateen sail (______________) was developed by the Arabs and allowed
    ships to tack ______________ the wind.
    The _______________ was perfected by the Arabs and used the Sun or a star
    to ascertain a ships latitude.
    By 1500, _________________- the art of science and map making was fairly
    accurate.
    XIV. Important Dates

    1450 1650 Age of Discovery

    1492 Columbus lands on ____________________

    1518 Atlantic Slave Trade Begins

    1520 Spaniards defeat the ___________ Empire

    1532 Pizarro defeats the Inca Empire

    1550 1700 Disease leads to _______ population decline in American


    Southeast

    1602 Dutch East India Company established

    1635 Tokugawa Shogunate closes ___________ to trade

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