2012 Project Lead The Way, Inc.

Introduction to Engineering Design Activity 1.5 The Deep Dive Page 1

Activity 1.5 The Deep Dive
Introduction
How do professional design companies work through a design process? The video
you are about to see chronicles the efforts of a world-renowned design firm, as they
apply their process to the redesign of a common, everyday product.

One of the best-documented examples of the design process in action took place in
Palo Alto, California, at an industrial design firm called IDEO. ABC News gave IDEO
the challenge of redesigning the old and familiar shopping cart in just five days.
Nightline chronicled the experience and aired the program on February 9, 1999.

This short documentary reinforces the idea that fantastic solutions can be produced
under very difficult constraints when the designers have a commitment to the
problem, a firm understanding of a design process, and a willingness to operate as a
team.

In this activity you will watch the Deep Dive documentary and record information
related to the design process used in the redesign of a shopping cart.



Equipment
VCR or DVD player
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Introduction to Engineering Design Activity 1.5 The Deep Dive Page 2
Television
The Deep Dive DVD

Procedure
In this activity you will watch a group of professionals work to solve a design problem
in just five days. Answer the following questions as you watch The Deep Dive. A
class discussion will take place following the broadcast.

1. From the buildings in which we live and work, to the cars we drive, or the knives
and forks with which we eat, everything we use was designed to create some
sort of marriage between ______Form___________ and
_____function____________.

2. The folks at IDEO state that they are not experts in any given area. But they do
claim to be experts on the _______Design Process_____________, which they
apply to the innovation of consumer products.

3. After the team of designers is brought together, introduced to the problem, and
informed they have five days to pull it off, what phase of the design process do
they immediately engage in? They immediately started brainstorming ideas.



4. Give two examples of what the team members did during this phase.
a. _They talked about the safety issues with shopping carts__
b. __They discussed the issue of theft with shopping carts___

5. List five rules-of-thumb that IDEO employees follow when they share ideas
during the brainstorming phase:
a. __Stay focused__
b. ___Differ judgment__
c. ___One conversation at a time__
d. ___Encourage wild ideas__
e. ___Build on the ideas of others__

6. Why should wild (and sometimes crazy) ideas be entertained during the
brainstorming phase? You can put other ideas along with it and it could end up
being great.




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7. After the brainstorming phase was over, the team narrowed down the hundreds
of ideas by ___Voting____ for those ideas that were not only cool but also
____Buildable____ in a short period of time. Which phase of the design process
includes brainstorming and narrowing ideas?


8. IDEO believes that the ideas and efforts of a ____Team____will always be more
successful than the planning of a lone genius.

9. Once the ideas were narrowed down and divided into categories, the group was
split into four smaller teams. For which phase(s) of the design process was each
of these groups responsible? The phase in which they build a prototype.

10. The leaders at IDEO believe that ____playful___ behavior and a ___fun____
environment are two important reasons why their employees are able to think
quickly and creatively to produce innovative results.

11. Sometimes, people come up with great solutions that work by trying their ideas
first and asking for ___forgiveness___ later.

12. Design is often a process of going too far and having to take a few steps back.
What phase(s) of the design process would the critique of the four mock-ups
come under? It would come under feedback


13. Upon critique of the four teams models, it was obvious that none of the teams
had developed an optimum solution. However, the people at IDEO believe that it
is important to ____fail____ often in order to __succeed__ sooner.

14. What percentage of the entire weeks time did it take to fabricate the final
prototype? 14%


15. Instead of showering his design team with a tremendous amount of praise, what
did the boss require his employees to do with their new design? He told them to
get feedback form grocery stores.

16. Of all the things that we are surrounded by every day, what has not been placed
through the design process? Nature.

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Extend Your Understanding (Optional)
Engineers need to know what problems they are addressing. They must have an
idea about the degree to which the solution should be carried out, along with what
the solution should do to solve the problem. The engineer must also work within
constraints, such as time and budget. A design brief is a tool that is used to
concisely identify the problem, solution expectations, and project constraints. The
engineer will often return to the design brief throughout a design process to assess
the progress and validity of his or her creative work.

Imagine that you are part of that design team. The project leader has given you the
responsibility of creating a design brief that defines the problem, states the
expectations that the solution must meet, and identifies the project criteria and
constraints. Your design brief will serve as a guide to the team as they work through
the design process.

From your observations of the video, record your information in the design brief on
the following page or in your engineering notebook.



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Shopping Cart Redesign Design Brief
Client:
Who is the customer or client that is
paying for the design service?

End User:
Who is going to use the new product?

Designer(s):
Who was responsible for the design of
the revised grocery cart?


Problem Statement:
What was the problem that the design
team was trying to solve? Write your
answer as a complete sentence.






Design Statement:
To what degree was the solution to be
realized? Was the design teams
intention to merely sketch an idea and
be done? Was the intention to come up
with an idea, build it, and stop there?
Or, was it the design teams intention to
design, build, and test an idea? What
expectation(s) did the design have to
meet before it would be considered a
successful solution to the problem? In
other words, what did the solution have
to do?







_______________________________________________

Criteria & Constraints:
What criteria did the solution have to
meet? What limitations did the design
team have to work with? Was there a
time constraint to get the project
finished?





Conclusion
1. What was the most impressive part of the teams effort?
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2. What advantages are there to having a design team with members that have
non-engineering backgrounds?






3. There was a point in the process where a self-appointed group of adults stepped
up, stopped the ideas, and redirected the group to break up into teams. Why was
this done?






4. At the end of the video, Dave Kelly states, Look around. The only things that are
not designed are the things we find in nature. Can you think of anything that
would contradict this statement?




5. Consider the various versions of a design process (below) that were introduced in
the Design Process presentation that you viewed. How are the processes similar?
How are they different?



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ITEA Standards for Technology Literacy

Design Process used in IED








6. Do you think the tasks completed by the design team during the design challenge
or the final solutions have changed if the team had followed a different version of a
design process? Explain.