River
River
River
America is the largest river by discharge of water in the world, averaging a discharge of about
209,000 cubic meters per second (7,381,000 cu ft/s), greater than the next seven largest
independent rivers combined. It is also generally regarded as the second longest river in the world,
has the largest drainage basin in the world, about 7,050,000 square kilometres (2,720,000 sq mi),
and accounts for approximately one-fifth of the world's total river flow. The portion of the
river's drainage basin in Brazil alone is larger than any other river's basin. The Amazon enters Brazil
with only one-fifth of the flow it finally discharges into the Atlantic, yet already has a greater flow at
this point than the discharge of any other river.
[3][4]
In its upper stretches, above its confluence with the Rio Negro, the Amazon is called Solimes
in Brazil; however, in Peru,Colombia and Ecuador, as well as the rest of the Spanish-speaking
world, the river is generally called the Amazon downstream from the confluence of
the Maran and Ucayali rivers in Peru. The Ucayali-Apurmac river system is considered the main
source of the Amazon, with its main headstream being the Carhuasanta glacial stream flowing off
the Nevado Mismi mountain.
The width of the Amazon is between 1.6 and 10 kilometres (1.0 and 6.2 mi) at low stage but
expands during the wet season to 48 kilometres (30 mi) or more. The river enters the Atlantic
Ocean in a broad estuary about 240 kilometres (150 mi) wide. The mouth of the main stem is 80
kilometres (50 mi).
[5]
Because of its vast dimensions, it is sometimes called "The River Sea". Thefirst
bridge in the Amazon river system (over the Rio Negro) opened on 24 October 2011 near Manaus,
Brazil.
The total volume of water discharging from the Amazon river in a year is about 6,591 cubic
kilometers (to compare, the water volume of Lake Baikal is 23,615 cubic km).