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    Error Analysis1

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    Sean Hicks
    This document discusses error analysis in measurements. It defines error as the deviation between the actual measured value and the true value of what is being measured. Measurements contain uncertainty or error margins that quantify the doubt about the measured value. Absolute error is the difference between the measured and accepted value, while relative error is the ratio of absolute error to the accepted value. Measurements can contain both random and systematic errors from sources like incorrect measurement techniques, imperfect instruments, and observer bias. Random errors produce a spread of results and are reduced by taking multiple measurements, while systematic errors are more difficult to identify and result from issues like faulty instrument design or calibration.

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    Error Analysis1

    Uploaded by

    Sean Hicks
    19 views2 pages
    This document discusses error analysis in measurements. It defines error as the deviation between the actual measured value and the true value of what is being measured. Measurements contain uncertainty or error margins that quantify the doubt about the measured value. Absolute error is the difference between the measured and accepted value, while relative error is the ratio of absolute error to the accepted value. Measurements can contain both random and systematic errors from sources like incorrect measurement techniques, imperfect instruments, and observer bias. Random errors produce a spread of results and are reduced by taking multiple measurements, while systematic errors are more difficult to identify and result from issues like faulty instrument design or calibration.

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    Error Analysis.

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    This document discusses error analysis in measurements. It defines error as the deviation between the actual measured value and the true value of what is being measured. Measurements contain uncertainty or error margins that quantify the doubt about the measured value. Absolute error is the difference between the measured and accepted value, while relative error is the ratio of absolute error to the accepted value. Measurements can contain both random and systematic errors from sources like incorrect measurement techniques, imperfect instruments, and observer bias. Random errors produce a spread of results and are reduced by taking multiple measurements, while systematic errors are more difficult to identify and result from issues like faulty instrument design or calibration.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as docx, pdf, or txt
    19 views2 pages

    Error Analysis1

    Uploaded by

    Sean Hicks
    This document discusses error analysis in measurements. It defines error as the deviation between the actual measured value and the true value of what is being measured. Measurements contain uncertainty or error margins that quantify the doubt about the measured value. Absolute error is the difference between the measured and accepted value, while relative error is the ratio of absolute error to the accepted value. Measurements can contain both random and systematic errors from sources like incorrect measurement techniques, imperfect instruments, and observer bias. Random errors produce a spread of results and are reduced by taking multiple measurements, while systematic errors are more difficult to identify and result from issues like faulty instrument design or calibration.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as docx, pdf, or txt
    of 2

    Error Analysis

    The deviation between the actual measured value and the true value of the measurand
    is what is regarded as error. However, this definition has limitation in that the true
    value of the measurement remains unknown and cannot be exactly determined. The act
    of quantifying doubt about the measured value is uncertainty. Any measurement has a
    margin of doubt and this doubt should be quantified.
    Basically, the measurements of any quantity say is stated as,
    (Measured value of x)=

    (1)
    Where

    is the best estimate of the quantity concerned and is the uncertainty or


    error margin. From (1) the confidence of the measurement lies between the highest
    probable value measured

    and the lowest value

    .
    Absolute error
    The magnitude of the physical error in a measured value. That is, the difference
    between the measured and the accepted value.

    | (2)
    Relative error
    The relative size of the error is defined as the ratio of absolute error to the accepted
    value.

    (3)
    Expressing relative error as a percentage gives the per cent of error.
    There are several sources of random and systematic errors and uncertainties. These
    errors range from the incorrect measuring technique, the measuring instrument as well
    as the personnel who perform the experiment. Systematic errors are usually the
    difficult types of errors to identify. This is because they are the built in errors in the
    measuring instruments either though design or wrongly calibration. Bias from the
    person performing the experiment would also bring the errors. Repetition of the
    observation wont bring out the spread of the error in measurement.
    Random errors, however, leads to a spread/distribution of the results and therefore
    they are easy to identify and quantify. These arise due to fluctuations of the physical
    parameters with a particular statistical nature as well as from the person who is
    collecting the values. These uncertainties are reduced by collecting multiple
    measurements.
    This is because the influence affects the results of the repeated measurement.

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