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Student Name: ________________________


Unit 5: Design

Lesson 2: Manufacturing
File 5.2.2: Material Testing
In order to select the appropriate material for a product, Engineers and designers must look at the properties of the material to determine if it will perform as needed. For example, an engineer would not use rubber for the beam on a bridge because it is too elastic (easily deformed) under loads. There are specific procedures scientists, engineers and researchers use to test materials to determine certain properties. Material properties can be looked up in textbooks, and online. One form of testing that is used to determine a materials physical properties related to loads when applied in the form of tension (pulling) is called tensile testing. A material sample is placed in a machine, which applies a force and stretches the material until it breaks. The data collected from the machine creates a stress vs. strain graph. From this graph, engineers can determine the elastic limit (the amount of force the material can withstand before permanently deforming), the maximum strength and the failure force. Navigate to the simulated tensile testing site: http://www.whystudymaterials.ac.uk/teachers/tensile.asp. Click on Start Testing. Choose a type of carbon steel and select start to begin creating a stress vs. strain graph. After experimenting, describe what is happening to the test sample for each of the graphs pictured below. Email or return this completed document to your teacher. Graph Portion #1:

The band is giving a straight line resulting and returning to its original dimension. It later continue to curved make it stretch and pop. Making this band pop at a slower rate but when first stretch it seems that it would pop but kept on stretching.

The band is stretching and still stretching but all suddenly it goes straight down making the band pop. Making this band pop faster than the one above.

2012 International Technology and Engineering Educators Association Foundations of Technology, Third Edition/ Technology, Engineering, and Design

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