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    Pyramid Cross Section Informational Text

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    Pyramid Cross Section Informational Text

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    api-237773633
    4K views3 pages

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    pyramid cross section informational text

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    4K views3 pages

    Pyramid Cross Section Informational Text

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    api-237773633

    Copyright:

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    Download as DOC, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
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    Architectural Analysis of the Great Pyramid of Giza built for Khufu

    The Great Pyramid of Giza (also called the Pyramid of Khufu and the Pyramid of Cheops) is the oldest and largest of the three pyramids in the Giza Necropoli, Egypt. t is the oldest of the !e"en #onders of the $ncient #orld, and the only one to remain largely intact. t is %elie"ed the pyramid &as %uilt as a tom% for fourth dynasty Egyptian Pharaoh Khufu (Cheops in Gree') and constructed o"er a ()*year period concluding around (+,) -C.The Great Pyramid &as the tallest man*made structure in the &orld for o"er .,/)) years. There ha"e %een "arying scientific and alternati"e theories a%out the Great Pyramid0s construction techni1ues. 2ost accepted construction hypotheses are %ased on the idea that it &as %uilt %y mo"ing huge stones from a 1uarry and dragging and lifting them into place. The Great Pyramid consists of an estimated (.. million limestone %loc's &ith most %elie"ed to ha"e %een transported from near%y 1uarries. The Tura limestone used for the casing &as 1uarried across the ri"er. The largest granite stones in the pyramid,

    found in the 3King0s3 cham%er, &eigh (+ to /) tonnes and &ere transported from $s&an, more than +)) miles a&ay. Traditionally, ancient Egyptians cut stone %loc's %y hammering &ooden &edges into the stone &hich &ere then soa'ed &ith &ater. $s the &ater &as a%sor%ed, the &edges e4panded, causing the roc' to crac'. 5nce they &ere cut, they &ere carried %y %oat either up or do&n the Nile 6i"er to the pyramid. $t completion, the Great Pyramid &as surfaced %y &hite 3casing stones3 * slant*faced, %ut flat*topped, %loc's of highly polished &hite limestone. These &ere carefully cut to &hat is appro4imately a face slope &ith a se'ed of +7 palms to gi"e the re1uired dimensions. 8isi%ly, all that remains is the underlying stepped core structure seen today. There are three 'no&n cham%ers inside the Great Pyramid. The lo&est cham%er is cut into the %edroc' upon &hich the pyramid &as %uilt and &as unfinished. The 9ueen0s Cham%er and King0s Cham%er are higher up &ithin the pyramid structure. The Great Pyramid of Giza is the only pyramid in Egypt 'no&n to contain %oth ascending and descending passages. The main part of the Giza comple4 is a setting of %uildings that included t&o mortuary temples in honor of Khufu (one close to the pyramid and one near the Nile), three smaller pyramids for Khufu0s &i"es, an e"en smaller 3satellite3 pyramid, a raised cause&ay connecting the t&o temples, and small masta%a tom%s surrounding the pyramid for no%les. !e"eral mystery shafts e4tend from the 'ing0s and 1ueen0s cham%ers. Neither airshafts (they &ere sealed) nor hall&ays (they are too narro&), they may ha"e %een designed to allo& Khufu to tra"el to the stars in his afterlife. $ %loc'ed shaft from the 1ueen0s cham%er &as penetrated in ())(. $rchaeologists disco"ered another stone %loc'ing their &ay. The interior of the pyramids included narro& corridors and hidden cham%ers in an unsuccessful attempt to foil gra"e ro%%ers. $lthough modern archeologists ha"e found some great treasures among the ruins, they %elie"e most of &hat the pyramids once contained &as looted &ithin (+) years of their completion. $ll the pyramids can %e seen from thirty miles from Giza itself. The site is truly spectacular. The &alls are co"ered in fa%ulously incised hieroglyphics. :rom the outside, if you are standing right ne4t to the pyramid, you &ill not %e a%le to see the top. t is a pity to see that the Great Pyramids are in danger %ecause of its neigh%or, the e"er*gro&ing metropolitan city of Cairo. The pollution is causing the pyramids and the Great !phin4 to slo&ly deteriorate.

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