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    Digital Signal Processing: Sampling of Continuous-Time Signals

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    Hussam Gujjar
    This document discusses digital signal processing concepts related to sampling continuous-time signals. It covers topics such as: - Analog to digital conversion and the process of sampling a continuous signal. - How periodic sampling works in both the time and frequency domains. - The Nyquist theorem as it relates to sampling rates and signal bandwidth. - Concepts like oversampling, undersampling (aliasing), reconstruction in the frequency domain. - Downsampling and upsampling processes, and how to avoid aliasing through low-pass filtering.

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    Digital Signal Processing: Sampling of Continuous-Time Signals

    Uploaded by

    Hussam Gujjar
    30 views31 pages
    This document discusses digital signal processing concepts related to sampling continuous-time signals. It covers topics such as: - Analog to digital conversion and the process of sampling a continuous signal. - How periodic sampling works in both the time and frequency domains. - The Nyquist theorem as it relates to sampling rates and signal bandwidth. - Concepts like oversampling, undersampling (aliasing), reconstruction in the frequency domain. - Downsampling and upsampling processes, and how to avoid aliasing through low-pass filtering.

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    Lec7 Sampling

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    This document discusses digital signal processing concepts related to sampling continuous-time signals. It covers topics such as: - Analog to digital conversion and the process of sampling a continuous signal. - How periodic sampling works in both the time and frequency domains. - The Nyquist theorem as it relates to sampling rates and signal bandwidth. - Concepts like oversampling, undersampling (aliasing), reconstruction in the frequency domain. - Downsampling and upsampling processes, and how to avoid aliasing through low-pass filtering.

    Copyright:

    Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    30 views31 pages

    Digital Signal Processing: Sampling of Continuous-Time Signals

    Uploaded by

    Hussam Gujjar
    This document discusses digital signal processing concepts related to sampling continuous-time signals. It covers topics such as: - Analog to digital conversion and the process of sampling a continuous signal. - How periodic sampling works in both the time and frequency domains. - The Nyquist theorem as it relates to sampling rates and signal bandwidth. - Concepts like oversampling, undersampling (aliasing), reconstruction in the frequency domain. - Downsampling and upsampling processes, and how to avoid aliasing through low-pass filtering.

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    Digital Signal Processing

    Lecture

    Sampling of Continuous-Time Signals

    1. Analog-to-Digital Conversion and Sampling

    A-to-D Conversion

    D-to-A Conversion

    xc (t )

    x[n]
    D

    xc (nT )

    DSP

    y[n] yr (nT )

    yr (t )
    C

    Sampling

    Periodic sampling

    Periodic sampling: Time domain

    Periodic sampling: Frequency domain

    Periodic sampling: Frequency domain

    Original signal
    xc (t ) cos 4000t
    2 3

    Aliased signal
    xc (t ) cos 1000t

    0
    1 0.5ms 2000

    2
    1 2ms 500

    f0 signal

    4 3

    f0' signal

    Nyquist Theorem

    Oversampling

    Undersampling (Aliasing Distortion)

    Reconstruction (Frequency Domain)

    Nyquist Theorem

    Band-limited interpolation

    Reconstruction Time Domain

    Band-limited interpolation

    Ideal D/C and C/D

    DT processing of continuous time signals

    Downsampling in time-domain

    decim

    Downsampling

    Downsampling
    1

    Xc(jW)

    -WN
    1/T

    WN X (w)

    Sample the analog bandlimited signal every T time units Downsampling by M generates baseband plus M-1 copies of baseband per period of frequency domain

    -2

    -/2
    1 MT

    /2 X d(w)

    wWT

    M=3

    -3/2

    3/2 2

    wWT

    Aliasing occurs: avoid aliasing by prefiltering with lowpass filter with gain of 1 and cutoff of /M to extract baseband

    Downsampling in Frequency-domain

    Aliasing and pre-filtering

    Upsampling

    Upsampling

    Aliasing and pre-filtering

    One-Dimensional Upsampling
    1

    Xc(jW)

    -WN
    1/T

    WN X (w)

    Sample the analog bandlimited signal every T time units Upsampling by L gives L images of baseband per 2 period of w Apply lowpass interpolation filter with gain of L and cutoff of /L to extract baseband
    Fig. 3.22 Oppenheim & Schafer, 1989.

    -2

    -
    1/T

    2 X u(w) = X(L w)

    wWT

    -5/L -3/L

    -/L

    1/T = L/T

    /L X i(w)

    3/L

    wWT

    -2

    -/L

    /L

    2 wWT

    Zero insertion

    Zero insertion

    Zero insertion

    Zero insertion

    Zero insertion

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